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Choudhury RR, Gupta H, Bhushan S, Singh A, Roy A, Saini N. Role of miR-128-3p and miR-195-5p as biomarkers of coronary artery disease in Indians: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11881. [PMID: 38789551 PMCID: PMC11126699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) imposes a significant economic burden in developing countries like India. Timely diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized to mitigate the disease. Current diagnostic tools being invasive and less specific raise the need to develop less invasive and more reliable molecular biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an emerging class of molecules that can serve as a potential source of non-invasive biomarkers for CAD. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of circulatory miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in CAD. In this study, we have reported two microRNAs, miR-128-3p and miR-195-5p in the serum of CAD patients in Indian Population. A total of 124 subjects were recruited which included 89 angiographically proven CAD patients and 35 control subjects. Our results show a significant decrease in the levels of miR-128-3p in CAD patients while there were no significant changes in the levels of miR-195-5p. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed the potential role of miR-128-3p in cholesterol homeostasis. Altered homeostasis due to cholesterol accumulation in macrophages is the driving force behind formation of foam cells which in turn accelerates the progression of CAD. Here, we have shown that miR-128-3p increases cholesterol levels in macrophages by decreasing cholesterol efflux in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Rajeshwar Choudhury
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Harshi Gupta
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Sudha Bhushan
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Archna Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Neeru Saini
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Parsamanesh N, Poudineh M, Siami H, Butler AE, Almahmeed W, Sahebkar A. RNA interference-based therapies for atherosclerosis: Recent advances and future prospects. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 204:1-43. [PMID: 38458734 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis represents a pathological state that affects the arterial system of the organism. This chronic, progressive condition is typified by the accumulation of atheroma within arterial walls. Modulation of RNA molecules through RNA-based therapies has expanded the range of therapeutic options available for neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, and, more recently, cardiovascular disease (CVD). Presently, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the most widely employed therapeutic strategies for targeting RNA molecules, and for regulating gene expression and protein production. Nevertheless, for these agents to be developed into effective medications, various obstacles must be overcome, including inadequate binding affinity, instability, challenges of delivering to the tissues, immunogenicity, and off-target toxicity. In this comprehensive review, we discuss in detail the current state of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Parsamanesh
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Haleh Siami
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Aleshcheva G, Baumeier C, Harms D, Bock C, Escher F, Schultheiss H. MicroRNAs as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic options for inflammatory cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:3410-3418. [PMID: 37679968 PMCID: PMC10682862 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammation of the heart is a complex biological and pathophysiological response of the immune system to a variety of injuries leading to tissue damage and heart failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as pivotal players in the development of numerous diseases, suggesting their potential utility as biomarkers for inflammation and as viable candidates for therapeutic interventions. The primary aim of this investigation was to pinpoint and assess particular miRNAs in individuals afflicted by virus-negative inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi). METHODS AND RESULTS The study involved the analysis of 152 serum samples sourced from patients diagnosed with unexplained heart failure through endomyocardial biopsy. Among these samples, 38 belonged to DCMi patients, 24 to DCM patients, 44 to patients displaying inflammation alongside diverse viral infections, and 46 to patients solely affected by viral infections without concurrent inflammation. Additionally, serum samples from 10 healthy donors were included. The expression levels of 754 distinct miRNAs were evaluated using TaqMan OpenArray. MiR-1, miR-23, miR-142-5p, miR-155, miR-193, and miR-195 exhibited exclusive down-regulation solely in DCMi patients (P < 0.005). These miRNAs enabled effective differentiation between individuals with inflammation unlinked to viruses (DCMi) and all other participant groups (P < 0.005), boasting a specificity surpassing 86%. CONCLUSIONS The identification of specific miRNAs offers a novel diagnostic perspective for recognizing intramyocardial inflammation within virus-negative DCMi patients. Furthermore, these miRNAs hold promise as potential candidates for tailored therapeutic strategies in the context of virus-negative DCMi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Aleshcheva
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT)Moltkestr. 31BerlinGermany
| | - Christian Baumeier
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT)Moltkestr. 31BerlinGermany
| | - Dominik Harms
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT)Moltkestr. 31BerlinGermany
| | - C.‐Thomas Bock
- Division of Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Department of Infectious DiseasesRobert Koch InstituteBerlinGermany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT)Moltkestr. 31BerlinGermany
- Department of Cardiology, Campus VirchowCharité – University Hospital BerlinBerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site BerlinBerlinGermany
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González-Ramírez J, Leija-Montoya AG, Serafín-Higuera N, Guzmán-Martín CA, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Olvera-Sandoval C, Machado-Contreras JR, Ruiz-Hernández A, Hernández-Díazcouder A, Estrada-Guzmán JD, Sánchez-Muñoz F. Increased Expression of lncRNA AC000120.7 and SENP3-EIF4A1 in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Pilot Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2342. [PMID: 37764186 PMCID: PMC10537196 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, poses significant threats to the respiratory system and other vital organs. Long non-coding RNAs have emerged as influential epigenetic regulators and promising biomarkers in respiratory ailments. The objective of this study was to identify candidate lncRNAs in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative individuals and investigate their potential association with ARDS-CoV-2 (acute respiratory distress syndrome). Employing qRT-PCR, we meticulously examined the expression profiles of a panel comprising 84 inflammation-related lncRNAs in individuals presenting upper respiratory infection symptoms, categorizing them into those testing negative or positive for SARS-CoV-2. Notably, first-phase PSD individuals exhibited significantly elevated levels of AC000120.7 and SENP3-EIF4A1. In addition, we measured the expression of two lncRNAs, AC000120.7 and SENP3-EIF4A1, in patients with ARDS unrelated to SARS-CoV-2 (n = 5) and patients with ARDS induced by SARS-CoV-2 (ARDS-CoV-2, n = 10), and interestingly, expression was also higher among patients with ARDS. Intriguingly, our interaction pathway analysis unveiled potential interactions between lncRNA AC000120.7, various microRNAs, and genes associated with inflammation. This study found higher expression levels of lncRNAs AC000120.7 and SENP3-EIF4A1 in the context of infection-positive COVID-19, particularly within the complex landscape of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González-Ramírez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Av. Álvaro Obregón y Calle “G” S/N, Col. Nueva, Mexicali 21100, Baja California, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Unidad de Ciencias de la Salud Campus Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calle de la Claridad S/N, Col. Plutarco Elías Calles, Mexicali 21376, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, Baja California, Mexico; (A.G.L.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.R.M.-C.); (A.R.-H.); (J.D.E.-G.)
| | - Nicolás Serafín-Higuera
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Zotoluca S/N, Fracc. Calafia, Mexicali 21040, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - Carlos A. Guzmán-Martín
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.A.G.-M.); (L.M.A.-G.); (A.H.-D.)
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.A.G.-M.); (L.M.A.-G.); (A.H.-D.)
| | - Carlos Olvera-Sandoval
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, Baja California, Mexico; (A.G.L.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.R.M.-C.); (A.R.-H.); (J.D.E.-G.)
| | - Jesús René Machado-Contreras
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, Baja California, Mexico; (A.G.L.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.R.M.-C.); (A.R.-H.); (J.D.E.-G.)
| | - Armando Ruiz-Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, Baja California, Mexico; (A.G.L.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.R.M.-C.); (A.R.-H.); (J.D.E.-G.)
| | - Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.A.G.-M.); (L.M.A.-G.); (A.H.-D.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Asma, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Calle Doctor Márquez 162, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Julia Dolores Estrada-Guzmán
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, Baja California, Mexico; (A.G.L.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.R.M.-C.); (A.R.-H.); (J.D.E.-G.)
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.A.G.-M.); (L.M.A.-G.); (A.H.-D.)
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Skelton AM, Cohen DJ, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. Osteoblast-Derived Matrix Vesicles Exhibit Exosomal Traits and a Unique Subset of microRNA: Their Caveolae-Dependent Endocytosis Results in Reduced Osteogenic Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12770. [PMID: 37628952 PMCID: PMC10454939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix vesicles (MVs) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles that are anchored in the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition to playing a role in biomineralization, osteoblast-derived MVs were recently suggested to have regulatory duties. The aims of this study were to establish the characteristics of osteoblast-derived MVs in the context of extracellular vesicles like exosomes, assess their role in modulating osteoblast differentiation, and examine their mechanism of uptake. MVs were isolated from the ECM of MG63 human osteoblast-like cell cultures and characterized via enzyme activity, transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and small RNA sequencing. Osteoblasts were treated with MVs from two different culture conditions (growth media [GM]; osteogenic media [OM]) to evaluate their effects on the differentiation and production of inflammatory markers and on macrophage polarization. MV endocytosis was assessed using a lipophilic, fluorescent dye and confocal microscopy with the role of caveolae determined using methyl-β-cyclodextrin. MVs exhibited a four-fold enrichment in alkaline phosphatase specific activity compared to plasma membranes; were 50-150 nm in diameter; possessed exosomal markers CD63, CD81, and CD9 and endosomal markers ALIX, TSG101, and HSP70; and were selectively enriched in microRNA linked to an anti-osteogenic effect and to M2 macrophage polarization. Treatment with GM or OM MVs decreased osteoblast differentiation. Osteoblasts endocytosed MVs using a mechanism that involves caveolae. These results support the hypothesis that osteoblasts produce MVs that participate in the regulation of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Skelton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.M.S.); (B.D.B.)
| | - D. Joshua Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Barbara D. Boyan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.M.S.); (B.D.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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6
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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Dhuppar S, Murugaiyan G. miRNA effects on gut homeostasis: therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel disease. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:917-931. [PMID: 36220689 PMCID: PMC9617792 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) spans a range of chronic conditions affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which are marked by intermittent flare-ups and remissions. IBD results from microbial dysbiosis or a defective mucosal barrier in the gut that triggers an inappropriate immune response in a genetically susceptible person, altering the immune-microbiome axis. In this review, we discuss the regulatory roles of miRNAs, small noncoding RNAs with gene regulatory functions, in the stability and maintenance of the gut immune-microbiome axis, and detail the challenges and recent advances in the use of miRNAs as putative therapeutic agents for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivnarayan Dhuppar
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Current address: Centre for Business Innovation, The Indian School of Business, Hyderabad 500111, India
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Hardin LT, Xiao N. miRNAs: The Key Regulator of COVID-19 Disease. Int J Cell Biol 2022; 2022:1645366. [PMID: 36345541 PMCID: PMC9637033 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1645366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As many parts of the world continue to fight the innumerable waves of COVID-19 infection, SARS-CoV-2 continues to sculpt its antigenic determinants to enhance its virulence and evolvability. Several vaccines were developed and used around the world, and oral antiviral medications are being developed against SARS-CoV-2. However, studies showed that the virus is mutating in line with the antibody's neutralization escape; thus, new therapeutic alternatives are solicited. We hereby review the key role that miRNAs can play as epigenetic mediators of the cross-talk between SARS-CoV-2 and the host cells. The limitations resulting from the "virus intelligence" to escape and antagonize the host miRNAs as well as the possible mechanisms that could be used in the viral evasion strategies are discussed. Lastly, we suggest new therapeutic approaches based on viral miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Tahrani Hardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, 94103 CA, USA
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, 94103 CA, USA
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9
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Macrophage polarization in THP-1 cell line and primary monocytes: A systematic review. Differentiation 2022; 128:67-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Considering autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as a neurodevelopmental condition associated with immune system impairments, we aimed to evaluate the potential benefits, efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective trans-resveratrol (RSV) in behavioral impairments and in a set of 8 microRNAs (miR) related to the immune system in pediatric subjects with ASD. METHODS This is an open-label pilot trial over a 3 months (90 days) study follow-up period designed to assess the effect of 200 mg/d RSV on 5 boys aged 10 to 13 (11.8 ± 1.1) years diagnosed with ASD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. RESULTS The RSV treatment significantly reduced the Aberrant Behavior Checklist total score (P = 0.042) and Irritability (P = 0.041), with no alteration in Stereotypical Behavior (P = 0.066), Hyperactivity (P = 0.068), and Lethargy/Social Withdrawal (P = 0.078) subscales. On the Clinical Global Impression scale, 3 individuals showed marked improvement in behavior; one showed mild improvement, and the other had no changes. The RSV treatment increased the miR-195-5p (P = 0.043), an important modulator of targets related to inflammatory and immunological pathways. RSV administration did not present adverse effects and did not alter clinical laboratory results. CONCLUSIONS RSV is a safe molecule for administrating in the pediatric population, able to modulate behavior alterations and molecules associated with the immune system, becoming a promising therapeutic strategy for large-scale studies in ASD, to investigate both behavioral and molecular approaches.
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Progression of Type 1 Diabetes: Circulating MicroRNA Expression Profiles Changes from Preclinical to Overt Disease. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:2734490. [PMID: 35903753 PMCID: PMC9325579 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2734490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the potential biological involvement of miRNA expression in the immune response and beta cell function in T1D. Methods We screened 377 serum miRNAs of 110 subjects divided into four groups: healthy individuals (control group) and patients at different stages of T1D progression, from the initial immunological manifestation presenting islet autoantibodies (AbP group) until partial and strong beta cell damage in the recent (recent T1D group) and long-term T1D, with 2 to 5 years of disease (T1D 2-5y group). Results The results revealed 69 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in relation to controls. Several miRNAs were correlated with islet autoantibodies (IA2A, GADA, and Znt8A), age, and C-peptide levels, mainly from AbP, and recent T1D groups pointing these miRNAs as relevant to T1D pathogenesis and progression. Several miRNAs were related to metabolic derangements, inflammatory pathways, and several other autoimmune diseases. Pathway analysis of putative DEM targets revealed an enrichment in pathways related to metabolic syndrome, inflammatory response, apoptosis and insulin signaling pathways, metabolic derangements, and decreased immunomodulation. One of the miRNAs' gene targets was DYRK2 (dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2), which is an autoantigen targeted by an antibody in T1D. ROC curve analysis showed hsa-miR-16 and hsa-miR-200a-3p with AUCs greater than for glucose levels, with discriminating power for T1D prediction greater than glucose levels. Conclusions/Interpretation. Our data suggests a potential influence of DEMs on disease progression from the initial autoimmune lesion up to severe beta cell dysfunction and the role of miRNAs hsa-miR-16 and hsa-miR-200a-3p as biomarkers of T1D progression.
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Rozhkov AN, Shchekochikhin DY, Ashikhmin YI, Mitina YO, Evgrafova VV, Zhelankin AV, Gognieva DG, Akselrod AS, Kopylov PY. The Profile of Circulating Blood microRNAs in Outpatients with Vulnerable and Stable Atherosclerotic Plaques: Associations with Cardiovascular Risks. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040047. [PMID: 35893230 PMCID: PMC9326687 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs reflect many biological processes in the human body, including athero-sclerosis. In a cardiology outpatient department cohort (N = 83), we aimed to compare the levels of circulating microRNAs in groups with vulnerable plaques (N = 22), stable plaques (N = 23) and plaque-free (N = 17) depending on coronary computed tomography angiography and to evaluate associations of microRNA levels with calculated cardiovascular risks (CVR), based on the SCORE2 (+OP), ACC/AHA, ATP-III and MESA scales. Coronary computed tomography was performed on a 640-slice computed tomography scanner. Relative plasma levels of microRNA were assessed via a real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found significant differences in miR-143-3p levels (p = 0.0046 in plaque-free vs. vulnerable plaque groups) and miR-181b-5p (p = 0.0179 in stable vs. vulnerable plaques groups). Analysis of microRNA associations with CVR did not show significant differences for SCORE2 (+OP) and ATPIII scales. MiR-126-5p and miR-150-5p levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with ACC/AHA risk >10% and miR-145-5p had linear relationships with ACC/AHA score (adjusted p = 0.0164). The relative plasma level of miR-195 was higher (p < 0.05) in patients with MESA risk > 7.5% and higher (p < 0.05) in patients with zero coronary calcium index (p = 0.036). A linear relationship with coronary calcium was observed for miR-126-3p (adjusted p = 0.0484). A positive correlation with high coronary calcium levels (> 100 Agatson units) was found for miR-181-5p (p = 0.036). Analyzing the biological pathways of these microRNAs, we suggest that miR-143-3p and miR-181-5p can be potential markers of the atherosclerosis process. Other miRNAs (miR-126-3p, 126-5p, 145-5p, 150-5p, 195-5p) can be considered as potential cardiovascular risk modifiers, but it is necessary to validate our results in a large prospective trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Rozhkov
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-915-085-32-95
| | - Dmitry Yu. Shchekochikhin
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Yaroslav I. Ashikhmin
- International Medical Cluster, 40 Bolshoy Boulevard Skolkovo Innovation Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yulia O. Mitina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Veronika V. Evgrafova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Andrey V. Zhelankin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Daria G. Gognieva
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Anna S. Akselrod
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Philippe Yu. Kopylov
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
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13
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Yarani R, Shojaeian A, Palasca O, Doncheva NT, Jensen LJ, Gorodkin J, Pociot F. Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865777. [PMID: 35734163 PMCID: PMC9208551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Differential microRNA (miRNA or miR) regulation is linked to the development and progress of many diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is well-established that miRNAs are involved in the differentiation, maturation, and functional control of immune cells. miRNAs modulate inflammatory cascades and affect the extracellular matrix, tight junctions, cellular hemostasis, and microbiota. This review summarizes current knowledge of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues and peripheral blood of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. We combined comprehensive literature curation with computational meta-analysis of publicly available high-throughput datasets to obtain a consensus set of miRNAs consistently differentially expressed in mucosal tissues. We further describe the role of the most relevant differentially expressed miRNAs in IBD, extract their potential targets involved in IBD, and highlight their diagnostic and therapeutic potential for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yarani
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Reza Yarani, ; Flemming Pociot,
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Oana Palasca
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadezhda T. Doncheva
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Juhl Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Gorodkin
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Center for Non-Coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Reza Yarani, ; Flemming Pociot,
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14
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Jiang Q, Li Y, Wu Q, Huang L, Xu J, Zeng Q. Pathogenic role of microRNAs in atherosclerotic ischemic stroke: Implications for diagnosis and therapy. Genes Dis 2022; 9:682-696. [PMID: 35782982 PMCID: PMC9243347 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke resulting from atherosclerosis (particularly in the carotid artery) is one of the major subtypes of stroke and has a high incidence of death. Disordered lipid homeostasis, lipid deposition, local macrophage infiltration, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and plaque rupture are the main pathological processes of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. Hepatocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are the main cell types participating in these processes. By inhibiting the expression of the target genes in these cells, microRNAs play a key role in regulating lipid disorders and atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. In this article, we listed the microRNAs implicated in the pathology of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke and aimed to explain their pro- or antiatherosclerotic roles. Our article provides an update on the potential diagnostic use of miRNAs for detecting growing plaques and impending clinical events. Finally, we provide a perspective on the therapeutic use of local microRNA delivery and discuss the challenges for this potential therapy.
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15
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Zhou RM, Shi ZH, Shan K, Zhang SJ, Zhang YH, Liang Y, Yan B, Zhao C. Comparative Analysis of Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Polarized Macrophages. Front Genet 2022; 13:823517. [PMID: 35368656 PMCID: PMC8967150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is a process that macrophages exert different functions according to surrounding micro-environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding RNAs generated by back-splicing. Thousands of circRNAs were identified in different cells and tissues. Recent studies have revealed that circRNAs play a crucial role in regulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. However, the effects and roles of circRNAs in macrophage polarization have not been well elucidated. Here, circRNAs expression profiles were determined in human THP-1 macrophages incubated in conditions causing activation toward M1 (interferon-γ + LPS) or M2 (interleukin-4) phenotypes. Overall, 9,720 circular RNA were detected from RNA sequencing data. Compared with M2 macrophages, a total of 140 circRNAs were aberrantly expressed in M1 macrophages, including 71 up-regulated circRNAs and 69 down-regulated circRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results were generally consistent with the selected differentially expressed circRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were used to predict biological functions and potential mechanisms of the host linear transcripts of these up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of circRNA-RNF19B (circRNF19B) in M1 macrophages was significantly higher than that in THP-1 macrophages and M2 macrophages. circRNF19B expression was increased when M2 converted to M1 whereas decreased when M1 converted to M2. Knockdown of circRNF19B following the activation of THP-1 cells using interferon-γ + LPS diminished the expression of M1 macrophages markers and elevated the expression of M2 macrophages markers. In conclusion, these data suggest the involvement of altered circRNAs expression patterns in macrophages exposure to different activating conditions. Circular RNAs may play important roles in regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-mei Zhou
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-hui Shi
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Shan
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-jie Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-han Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Yan
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Biao Yan, ; Chen Zhao,
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Biao Yan, ; Chen Zhao,
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16
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Wu J, Jin L, Tan JY, Chen XF, Wang QQ, Yuan GY, Chen TX. The effects of a biodegradable Mg-based alloy on the function of VSMCs via immunoregulation of macrophages through Mg-induced responses. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1292. [PMID: 34532429 PMCID: PMC8422083 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Restenosis is one of the worst side effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to neointima formation resulting from the excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and continuous inflammation. Biodegradable Mg-based alloy is a promising candidate material because of its good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, and biodegradation of cardiovascular stents. Although studies have shown reduced neointima formation after Mg-based CVS implantation in vivo, these findings were inconsistent with in vitro studies, demonstrating magnesium-mediated promotion of the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Given the vital role of activated macrophage-driven inflammation in neointima formation, along with the well-demonstrated crosstalk between macrophages and VSMCs, we investigated the interactions of a biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy (denoted JDBM), which is especially important for cardiovascular stents, with VSMCs via macrophages. Methods JDBM extracts and MgCl2 solutions were prepared to study their effect on macrophages. To study the effects of the JDBM extracts and MgCl2 solutions on the function of VSMCs via immunoregulation of macrophages, conditioned media (CM) obtained from macrophages was used to establish a VSMC-macrophage indirect coculture system. Results Our results showed that both JDBM extracts and MgCl2 solutions significantly attenuated the inflammatory response stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages and converted macrophages into M2-type cells. In addition, JDBM extracts and MgCl2 solutions significantly decreased the expression of genes related to VSMC phenotypic switching, migration, and proliferation in macrophages. Furthermore, the proliferation, migration, and proinflammatory phenotypic switching of VSMCs were significantly inhibited when the cells were incubated with CMs from macrophages treated with LPS + extracts or LPS + MgCl2 solutions. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggested that the magnesium in the JDBM extract could affect the functions of VSMCs through macrophage-mediated immunoregulation, inhibiting smooth muscle hyperproliferation to suppress restenosis after implantation of a biodegradable Mg-based stent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Division of Immunology, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Allergy/Immunology Innovation Team, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology/Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Division of Immunology, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology/Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Yun Tan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia-Fang Chen
- Division of Immunology, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Guang-Yin Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloys Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Xin Chen
- Division of Immunology, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Allergy/Immunology Innovation Team, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology/Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Li X, Yang Y, Wang Z, Jiang S, Meng Y, Song X, Zhao L, Zou L, Li M, Yu T. Targeting non-coding RNAs in unstable atherosclerotic plaques: Mechanism, regulation, possibilities, and limitations. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3413-3427. [PMID: 34512156 PMCID: PMC8416736 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.62506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) caused by arteriosclerosis are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In the late stages of atherosclerosis, the atherosclerotic plaque gradually expands in the blood vessels, resulting in vascular stenosis. When the unstable plaque ruptures and falls off, it blocks the vessel causing vascular thrombosis, leading to strokes, myocardial infarctions, and a series of other serious diseases that endanger people's lives. Therefore, regulating plaque stability is the main means used to address the high mortality associated with CVDs. The progression of the atherosclerotic plaque is a complex integration of vascular cell apoptosis, lipid metabolism disorders, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell migration, and neovascular infiltration. More recently, emerging evidence has demonstrated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a significant role in regulating the pathophysiological process of atherosclerotic plaque formation by affecting the biological functions of the vasculature and its associated cells. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively review the regulatory mechanisms involved in the susceptibility of atherosclerotic plaque rupture, discuss the limitations of current approaches to treat plaque instability, and highlight the potential clinical value of ncRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic strategies to improve plaque stability and reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Li
- Institute for translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Institute for translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shaoyan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 5 Zhiquan Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Song
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lu Zou
- Institute for translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute for translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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18
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Giordano R, Petersen KK, Andersen HH, Lichota J, Valeriani M, Simonsen O, Arendt-Nielsen L. Preoperative serum circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for chronic postoperative pain after total knee replacement. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920962925. [PMID: 33021154 PMCID: PMC7543153 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920962925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic postoperative pain affects approximately 20% of patients with knee
osteoarthritis after total knee replacement. Circulating microRNAs can be
found in serum and might act as biomarkers in a variety of diseases. The
current study aimed to investigate the preoperative expression of
circulating microRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers for the development
of chronic postoperative pain in the year following total knee
replacement. Methods Serum samples, collected preoperatively from 136 knee osteoarthritis
patients, were analyzed for 21 circulatory microRNAs. Pain intensity was
assessed using a visual analog scale before and one year after total knee
replacement. Patients were divided into a low-pain relief group (pain relief
percentage <30%) and a high-pain relief group (pain relief percentage
>30%) based on their pain relief one year after total knee replacement,
and differences in microRNAs expression were analyzed between the two
groups. Results We found that three microRNAs were preoperatively dysregulated in serum in
the low-pain relief group compared with the high-pain relief group.
MicroRNAs hsa-miR-146a-5p, -145-5p, and -130 b-3p exhibited fold changes of
1.50, 1.55, and 1.61, respectively, between the groups (all P
values < 0.05). Hsa-miR-146a-5p and preoperative pain intensity
correlated positively with postoperative pain relief (respectively,
R = 0.300, P = 0.006; R = 0.500, P < 0.001). Discussion This study showed that patients with a low postoperative pain relief present
a dysregulation of circulating microRNAs. Altered circulatory microRNAs
expression correlated with postoperative pain relief, indicating that
microRNAs can serve as predictive biomarkers of pain outcome after surgery
and hence may foster new strategies for preventing chronic postoperative
pain after total knee replacement (TKR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Giordano
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjær Petersen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Hjalte Holm Andersen
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jacek Lichota
- Laboratory of Metabolism Modifying Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Child Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Ole Simonsen
- Orthopedic Surgery Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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19
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Sun X, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Li S, Wang L. MicroRNA-199a-3p Exhibits Beneficial Effects in Asymptomatic Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:595-604. [PMID: 33811301 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a serious healthy burden worldwide, it occurs accompany with the disfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). MicroRNAs play pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical value of miR-199a-3p in patients with asymptomatic AS, and further explore its regulatory role on VSMCs biological function. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to estimate the expression of miR-199a-3p. Correlation of miR-199a-3p with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-199a-3p. Effects of miR-199a-3p on cell proliferation and migration in VSMCs were analyzed using cell-counting method and Transwell assay. Luciferase reporter assay was performed for the target gene analysis. Serum expression of miR-199a-3p was decreased in asymptomatic AS patients compared with the healthy controls. The negative correlations of miR-199a-3p with CIMT and CRP were obtained. The decreased miR-199a-3p was proved to have diagnostic accuracy with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.912, and was an independent predictor for the occurrence of asymptomatic AS. In VSMCs, overexpression of miR-199a-3p led to inhibited cell proliferation and migration, while the knockdown of miR-199a-3p resulted in the opposite results. SP1 was proved to be the target gene of miR-199a-3p. Taken together, downregulated expression of miR-199a-3p is a candidate diagnostic biomarker in the patients with asymptomatic AS. Overexpression of miR-199a-3p exists suppressive effects on VSMC proliferation and migration, indicating that miR-199a-3p may be a potential therapeutic target for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Sun
- Department of Tuina, Binzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Tuina, Binzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenqin Liu
- Department of Supply Room, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Shuqing Li
- Department of Tuina, Binzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Operating Room, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
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20
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Liu Q, Yan S, Yuan Y, Ji S, Guo L. miR-28-5p improved carotid artery stenosis by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Vascular 2021; 30:764-770. [PMID: 34162296 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211019510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in carotid artery stenosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of serum miR-28-5p in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and its regulation on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. METHODS Serum miR-28-5p levels in 65 healthy controls and 68 asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis patients were detected by qRT-PCR. The receiver-operating characteristic curve was applied to elucidate the diagnostic value of serum miR-28-5p for carotid artery stenosis patients. The specificity of miRNA targets was detected by luciferase reporter assay. CCK-8 and Transwell assay were applied to detect proliferation and migration of cells. Pearson correlation test was used to investigate the correlation between Forkhead box subclass O 1 (FOXO1) and serum miR-28-5p. RESULTS Serum miR-28-5p was significantly reduced in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis patients. Moreover, miR-28-5p could distinguish asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis patients from healthy controls, with sensitivity and specificity of 86.8% and 81.5%, respectively, indicating its high diagnostic value. The overexpression of miR-28-5p inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, while inhibition of miR-28-5p resulted in the opposite effect. What is more, FOXO1, a direct target of miR-28-5p, was significantly increased in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis patients. Inhibition of miR-28-5p in VSMCs reversed the reduction of FOXO1 levels in patients. CONCLUSIONS miR-28-5p is a valuable diagnostic biomarker for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and can affect the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by regulating FOXO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangrui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College, Pingliang, China
| | - Shibiao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxian Haijiya Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yangyi Yuan
- Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shishun Ji
- Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Long Guo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College, Pingliang, China
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21
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Tsai TH, Chang CH, Lin SH, Su YF, Tsai YC, Yang SF, Lin CL. Therapeutic effect of and mechanisms underlying the effect of miR-195-5p on subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm and brain injury in rats. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11395. [PMID: 34221706 PMCID: PMC8231314 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is much evidence suggesting that inflammation contributes majorly to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced cerebral vasospasm and brain injury. miRNAs have been found to modulate inflammation in several neurological disorders. This study investigated the effect of miR-195-5p on SAH-induced vasospasm and early brain injury in experimental rats. Methods Ninety-six Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly and evenly divided into a control group (no SAH, sham surgery), a SAH only group, a SAH + NC-mimic group, and a SAH + miR-195-5p group. SAH was induced using a single injection of blood into the cisterna magna. Suspensions containing NC-mimic and miR-195-5p were intravenously injected into rat tail 30 mins after SAH was induced. We determined degree of vasospasm by averaging areas of cross-sections the basilar artery 24h after SAH. We measured basilar artery endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κ B), phosphorylated NF-κ B (p-NF-κ B), inhibitor of NF-κ B (Iκ Bα) and phosphorylated-Iκ Bα (p-Iκ Bα). Cell death assay was used to quantify the DNA fragmentation, an indicator of apoptotic cell death, in the cortex, hippocampus, and dentate gyrus. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured using sample protein obtained from the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Results Prior to fixation by perfusion, there were no significant physiological differences among the control and treatment groups. SAH successfully induced vasospasm and early brain injury. MiR-195-5p attenuated vasospasam-induced changes in morphology, reversed SAH-induced elevation of iNOS, p-NF-κ B, NF-κ B, and p-Iκ Bα and reversed SAH-induced suppression of eNOS in the basilar artery. Cell death assay revealed that MiR-195-5p significantly decreased SAH-induced DNA fragmentation (apoptosis) and restored TNF-α level in the dentate gyrus. Conclusion In conclusion, MiRNA-195-5p attenuated SAH-induced vasospasm by up-regulating eNOS, down-regulating iNOS and inhibiting the NF-κ B signaling pathway. It also protected neurons by decreasing SAH-induced apoptosis-related cytokine TNF-α expression in the dentate gyrus. Further study is needed to elucidate the detail mechanism underlying miR-195-5p effect on SAH-induced vasospasm and cerebral injury. We believe that MiR-195-5p can potentially be used to manage SAH-induced cerebral vasospasm and brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hsin Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Chang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Huai Lin
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Su
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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22
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Vozzi F, Cecchettini A, Cabiati M, Mg F, Aretini P, Del Ry S, Rocchiccioli S, Pelosi G. Modulated molecular markers of restenosis and thrombosis by in-vitrovascular cells exposed to bioresorbable scaffolds. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34020430 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVSs) have emerged as a potential breakthrough for the treatment of coronary artery stenosis, providing mechanical support and drug delivery followed by complete resorption. Restenosis and thrombosis remain the primary limitations in clinical use. The study aimed to identify potential markers of restenosis and thrombosis analyzing the vascular wall cell transcriptomic profile modulation triggered by BVS at different values of shear stress (SS). Human coronary artery endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were cultured under SS (1 and 20 dyne cm-2) for 6 h without and with application of BVS and everolimus 600 nM. Cell RNA-Seq and bioinformatics analysis identified modulated genes by direct comparison of SS conditions and Gene Ontology (GO). The results of different experimental conditions and GO analysis highlighted the modulation of specific genes as semaphorin 3E, mesenchyme homeobox 2, bone morphogenetic protein 4, (heme oxygenase 1) and selectin E, with different roles in pathological evolution of disease. Transcriptomic analysis of dynamic vascular cell cultures identifies candidate genes related to pro-restenotic and pro-thrombotic mechanisms in anin-vitrosetting of BVS, which are not adequately contrasted by everolimus addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vozzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Cecchettini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Cabiati
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fornaro Mg
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Aretini
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Via Ferruccio Giovannini, 13, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - S Del Ry
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Rocchiccioli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Pelosi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Xu X, Ye T, Wang Y, Pan L, Ye Y, Ding Z, Bao D. MicroRNA-139-5p inhibits inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of Salmonella-infected macrophages through modulating TRAF6. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6209124. [PMID: 33822016 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that macrophages play an important role in the immune system. Therefore, research involving inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in macrophages is of great significance. Many factors contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress, including Salmonella. We investigated the effect of the miR-139-5p/TRAF6 axis on the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of Salmonella -infected macrophages. Our findings revealed that miR-139-5p decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels to inhibit Salmonella-induced inflammatory responses in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Furthermore, miR-139-5p inhibited Salmonella-induced oxidative stress by strengthening SOD, CAT and GSH-PX activity, as well as lowering the malondialdehyde level in the RAW264.7 macrophages cell line. Subsequently, it was verified that TRAF6 was a downstream target of miR-139-5p in RAW264.7 cells. Rescue assays indicated that the over-expression of miR-139-5p inhibits the effects of TRAF6 on inflammatory and oxidative stress responses including Salmonella infection in RAW264.7 cells. To our knowledge, this study is the first to verify that miR-139-5p inhibits inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of Salmonella-infected macrophages through regulating TRAF6. This discovery may offer new insights on inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Tingyun Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Yizhang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Lianlian Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 287 Xinxing Street, Haiyou Town, Sanmen County, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Yali Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Zhengxiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
| | - Danni Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sanmen People's Hospital, 15 Taihe road, Binhai new town, Sanmen county, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317100, China
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The association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with atherosclerosis: Review and update of in vitro and animal studies. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104803. [PMID: 33609645 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have tended to relate Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection to atherosclerosis. However, while serological studies have mostly reinforced this hypothesis, inconsistent and even contradictory findings have been reported in various researches. Recent papers have pointed to the significance of Cpn in atherosclerotic lesions, which are regarded as the initiator and cause of chronic inflammation. This bacterium develops atherosclerosis by phenotypic changes in vascular smooth muscle cells, dysregulation of endothelin-1 in the vascular wall, and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines from Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2). Furthermore, Cpn infection, particularly under hyperlipidemic conditions, enhances monocyte adhesion to endothelium; changes the physiology of the host, e.g., cholesterol homeostasis; and activates the Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, which is the initial step in atherogenesis. On the other hand, it has been reported that Cpn, even without the immune system of the host, has the ability to stimulate arterial thickening. Moreover, there is evidence that Cpn can increase the impact of the classical risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and smoking for atherosclerosis. Furthermore, animal studies have shown that Cpn infection can induce atherosclerotic, which alongside hyperlipidemia is a co-risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although the exact link between Cpn and atherosclerosis has not been determined yet, previous studies have reported possible mechanisms of pathogenesis for this bacterium. Accordingly, investigating the exact role of this infection in causing atherosclerosis may be helpful in controlling the disease.
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25
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MicroRNA-101-3p, MicroRNA-195-5p, and MicroRNA-223-3p in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells May Serve as Novel Biomarkers for Syphilis Diagnosis. Microb Pathog 2021; 152:104769. [PMID: 33524569 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease of global prevalence. Current diagnostic methods lack sensitivity and specificity, which limits the early diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. MiRNAs hold great promise as potential biomarkers for infectious diseases diagnosis. We previously profiled the expression of miRNAs in PBMCs from patients with different stages of syphilis. We aimed to further confirm the miR-101-3p, miR-195-5p, and miR-223-3p expression profiles and evaluate their diagnostic value in syphilis infection. METHODS The expression levels of PBMC-derived miR-101-3p, miR-195-5p, and miR-223-3p were analyzed in 133 syphilis patients, 18 non-syphilis patients, and 23 healthy controls by RT-qPCR. ROC analysis was used to evaluate the differentiation power of these miRNAs in syphilis diagnosis, while the correlation between the expression of these miRNAs and TRUST titer was also statistically analyzed. RESULTS These miRNAs were significantly upregulated in syphilis patients in a stage-specific manner. ROC analysis indicated that miR-223-3p was powerful in discriminating between controls and patients with early, primary, secondary, and latent syphilis, as well as serological cure; the miR-195-5p/miR-223-3p panel showed an improved capacity to differentiate between syphilis patients, primary, or serofast-stage syphilis and controls, while the three miRNAs combined showed an improved capacity to differentiate latent syphilis or serological cure from controls. Importantly, miR-101-3p and miR-223-3p singly or jointly could specifically distinguish syphilis from non-syphilis patients. Moreover, TRUST titer was significantly correlated with miR-101-3p expression. CONCLUSIONS MiR-101-3p, miR-195-5p, and miR-223-3p might singly or jointly be potential diagnostic biomarkers at different stages of syphilis.
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Ahmad S, Manzoor S, Siddiqui S, Mariappan N, Zafar I, Ahmad A, Ahmad A. Epigenetic underpinnings of inflammation: Connecting the dots between pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and COVID-19. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:384-398. [PMID: 33484868 PMCID: PMC8046427 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential component of several respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is central to lung cancer, the leading cancer in terms of associated mortality that has affected millions of individuals worldwide. Inflammation and pulmonary manifestations are also the major causes of COVID-19 related deaths. Acute hyperinflammation plays an important role in the COVID-19 disease progression and severity, and development of protective immunity against the virus is greatly sought. Further, the severity of COVID-19 is greatly enhanced in lung cancer patients, probably due to the genes such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, PAI-1 and furin that are commonly involved in cancer progression as well as SAR-CoV-2 infection. The importance of inflammation in pulmonary manifestations, cancer and COVID-19 calls for a closer look at the underlying processes, particularly the associated increase in IL-6 and other cytokines, the dysregulation of immune cells and the coagulation pathway. Towards this end, several reports have identified epigenetic regulation of inflammation at different levels. Expression of several key inflammation-related cytokines, chemokines and other genes is affected by methylation and acetylation while non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs as well as long non-coding RNAs, also affect the overall inflammatory responses. Select miRNAs can regulate inflammation in COVID-19 infection, lung cancer as well as other inflammatory lung diseases, and can serve as epigenetic links that can be therapeutically targeted. Furthermore, epigenetic changes also mediate the environmental factors-induced inflammation. Therefore, a better understanding of epigenetic regulation of inflammation can potentially help develop novel strategies to prevent, diagnose and treat chronic pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shajer Manzoor
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Simmone Siddiqui
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nithya Mariappan
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Iram Zafar
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Liu G, Yan D, Yang L, Sun Y, Zhan L, Lu L, Jin Z, Zhang C, Long P, Chen J, Yuan Q. The effect of miR-471-3p on macrophage polarization in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Life Sci 2021; 268:118989. [PMID: 33417962 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The imbalance of M1/M2 macrophage ratio promotes the occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), but the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether miR-471-3p/silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) pathway is involved in the macrophage polarization during the development of DCM. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect M1 and M2 macrophages infiltration in the heart tissue. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of M1 and M2 macrophages. Expression of miR-471-3p was quantified by real time quantitative-PCR. Transfection of miRNA inhibitor into RAW264.7 cells was performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatics methods and western blotting were used to explore the target gene of miR-471-3p and further confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS We observed that M1 macrophages infiltration in the heart of tissue in DCM while M2 type was decreased. M1/M2 ratio was increased significantly in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from db/db mice and in RAW264.7 cells treated with advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Meanwhile, miR-471-3p was significantly upregulated in RAW264.7 cells induced by AGEs and inhibition of miR-471-3p could reduce the inflammatory polarization of macrophages. Bioinformatics analysis identified SIRT1 as a target of miR-471-3p. Both dual luciferase reporter assay and western blotting verified that miR-471-3p negatively regulated SIRT1 expression. SIRT1 agonist resveratrol could downregulate the increased proportion of M1 macrophages induced by AGEs. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that the development of DCM was related to AGEs-induced macrophage polarized to M1 type through a mechanism involving the miR-471-3p/SIRT1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Yunwei Sun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Zhan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lili Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- China Resource & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ping Long
- China Resource & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jinhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Tian Y, Cui L, Lin C, Wang Y, Liu Z, Miao X. LncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 relieved inflammation of ulcerative colitis via sponging miR-16 and miR-195. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106970. [PMID: 33182065 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to explore the differential expression of lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1-miR-195-5p/miR-16-5p axis in ulcerative colitis (UC) and its role in regulating UC pathogenesis. METHODS One hundred and eighty-seven UC patients and one hundred and fifty-two healthy volunteers were recruited, and their blood samples were collected. Inflammatory cytokines in serum were determined with ELISA, and lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1, miR-195-5p and miR-16-5p levels were detected with RT-PCR. Then pcDNA3.1-CDKN2B-AS1, si-CDKN2B-AS1, miR-195-5p mimic, miR-195-5p inhibitor, miR-16-5p mimic and miR-16-5p inhibitor were transfected into HT29 cells, and proliferation and apoptosis of the cells were assessed. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to identify the sponging relationship between lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-195-5p/miR-16-5p. RESULTS CDKN2B-AS1 level was negatively correlated with levels of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and sIL-2R, yet miR-16-5p and miR-195-5p levels were negatively correlated with the CDKN2B-AS1 level. The CDKN2B-AS1 combined with miR-16-5p and miR-195-5p also achieved an optimum efficacy in differentiating between light and medium UC, light and severe UC, as well as medium and heavy UC. Furthermore, pcDNA3.1-CDKN2B-AS1 depressed expressions of IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α in HT29 cells (P < 0.05), and strengthened proliferation of the cells (P < 0.05). CDKN2B-AS1 also sponged and regulated miR-16-5p and miR-195-5p in HT29 cells, and miR-16-5p and miR-195-5p could reverse the effect of CDKN2B-AS1 on inflammatory cytokine production, barrier function and apoptosis of HT29 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION LncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 regulated inflammation of UC by sponging miR-195-5p and miR-16-5p, providing an alternative for diagnosis and treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570311, China
| | - Lujia Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570311, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570311, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570311, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Pathology, Haikou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570216, China
| | - Xinpu Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province 570311, China.
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Bessa-Gonçalves M, Silva AM, Brás JP, Helmholz H, Luthringer-Feyerabend BJ, Willumeit-Römer R, Barbosa MA, Santos SG. Fibrinogen and magnesium combination biomaterials modulate macrophage phenotype, NF-kB signaling and crosstalk with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 114:471-484. [PMID: 32688091 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage behavior upon biomaterial implantation conditions the inflammatory response and subsequent tissue repair. The hypothesis behind this work was that fibrinogen (Fg) and magnesium (Mg) biomaterials, used in combination (FgMg) could act synergistically to modulate macrophage activation, promoting a pro-regenerative phenotype. Materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fg and Mg degradation products were quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy and ELISA. Whole blood immune cells and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages were exposed to the biomaterials extracts in unstimulated (M0) or pro-inflammatory LPS or LPS-IFNγ (M1) conditions. Macrophage phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry, cytokines secreted by whole blood cells and macrophages were measured by ELISA, and signaling pathways were probed by Western blotting. The secretomes of macrophages preconditioned with biomaterials extracts were incubated with human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) and their effect on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated via Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining. Scaffolds of Fg, alone or in the FgMg combination, presented similar 3D porous architectures. Extracts from FgMg materials reduced LPS-induced TNF-α secretion by innate immune cells, and macrophage M1 polarization upon LPS-IFNγ stimulation, resulting in lower cell surface CD86 expression, lower NFκB p65 phosphorylation and reduced TNF-α secretion. Moreover, while biomaterial extracts per se did not enhance MSC osteogenic differentiation, macrophage secretome, particularly from cells exposed to FgMg extracts, increased MSC ALP activity and alizarin red staining, compared with extracts alone. These findings suggest that the combination of Fg and Mg synergistically influences macrophage pro-inflammatory activation and crosstalk with MSC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Modulating macrophage phenotype by degradable and bioactive biomaterials is an increasingly explored strategy to promote tissue repair/regeneration. Fibrinogen (Fg) and magnesium (Mg)-based materials have been explored in this context. Previous work from our group showed that monocytes interact with fibrinogen adsorbed onto chitosan surfaces through TLR4 and that fibrinogen scaffolds promote in vivo bone regeneration. Also, magnesium ions have been reported to modulate macrophage pro-inflammatory M1 stimulation and to promote bone repair. Here we report, for the first time, the combination of Fg and Mg materials, hypothesizing that it could act synergistically on macrophages, directing them towards a pro-regenerative phenotype. As a first step towards proving/disproving our hypothesis we used extracts obtained from Fg, Mg and FgMg multilayer constructs. We observed that FgMg extracts led to a reduction in the polarization of macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Also, the secretome of macrophages exposed to extracts of the combination material promoted the expression of osteogenic markers by MSCs.
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Mao M, Xu Y, Zhang XY, Yang L, An XB, Qu Y, Chai YN, Wang YR, Li TT, Ai J. MicroRNA-195 prevents hippocampal microglial/macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype induced by chronic brain hypoperfusion through regulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:244. [PMID: 32819407 PMCID: PMC7439693 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglial polarization is a dynamic response to acute brain hypoxia induced by stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, studies on the polarization of microglia in chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI) are limited. Our objective was to investigate the effect of CCCI on microglial polarization after chronic brain hypoperfusion (CBH) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS CBH model was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2-vessel occlusion, 2VO) in rats. Using the stereotaxic injection technique, lenti-pre-miR-195 and anti-miR-195 oligonucleotide fragments (lenti-pre-AMO-miR-195) were injeted into the CA1 region of the hippocampus to construct animal models with high or low expression of miR-195. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were conducted to examine the status of microglial polarization. In vitro, Transwell co-culture system was taken to investigate the role of miR-195 on neuronal-microglial communication through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the level of miR-195 and inflammatory factors. The protein levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were evaluated by both western blot and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS CBH induced by 2VO initiated microglial/macrophage activation in the rat hippocampus from 1 week to 8 weeks, as evaluated by increased ratio of (CD68+ and CD206+)/Iba-1 immunofluorescence. And the microglial/macrophage polarization was shifted towards the M1 phenotype at 8 weeks following CBH. The expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was increased in the hippocampus of 2VO rats at 8 weeks. An in vitro study in a Transwell co-culture system demonstrated that transfection of either primary-cultured neonatal rat neurons (NRNs) or microglial BV2 cells with AMO-195-induced M1 polarization of BV2 cells and increased CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression and that these effects were reversed by miR-195 mimics. Furthermore, the upregulation of miR-195 induced by lenti-pre-miR-195 injection prevented microglial/macrophage polarization to M1 phenotype triggered by hippocampal injection of lenti-pre-AMO-miR-195 and 2VO surgery. CONCLUSIONS Our findings conclude that downregulation of miR-195 in the hippocampus is involved in CBH-induced microglial/macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype by governing communication between neurons and microglia through the regulation of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 signaling. This indicates that miR-195 may provide a new strategy for clinical prevention and treatment of CBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mao
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bin An
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ya-Ni Chai
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Ru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Sell SL, Widen SG, Prough DS, Hellmich HL. Principal component analysis of blood microRNA datasets facilitates diagnosis of diverse diseases. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234185. [PMID: 32502186 PMCID: PMC7274418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early, ideally pre-symptomatic, recognition of common diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease) facilitates early treatment or lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise. Sensitive, specific identification of diseases using blood samples would facilitate early recognition. We explored the potential of disease identification in high dimensional blood microRNA (miRNA) datasets using a powerful data reduction method: principal component analysis (PCA). Using Qlucore Omics Explorer (QOE), a dynamic, interactive visualization-guided bioinformatics program with a built-in statistical platform, we analyzed publicly available blood miRNA datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) maintained at the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The miRNA expression profiles were generated from real time PCR arrays, microarrays or next generation sequencing of biologic materials (e.g., blood, serum or blood components such as platelets). PCA identified the top three principal components that distinguished cohorts of patients with specific diseases (e.g., heart disease, stroke, hypertension, sepsis, diabetes, specific types of cancer, HIV, hemophilia, subtypes of meningitis, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, aging, and autism), from healthy subjects. Literature searches verified the functional relevance of the discriminating miRNAs. Our goal is to assemble PCA and heatmap analyses of existing and future blood miRNA datasets into a clinical reference database to facilitate the diagnosis of diseases using routine blood draws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy L. Sell
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Widen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Donald S. Prough
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Helen L. Hellmich
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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TNF-alpha-induced microglia activation requires miR-342: impact on NF-kB signaling and neurotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:415. [PMID: 32488063 PMCID: PMC7265562 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidences suggest that sustained neuroinflammation, caused by microglia overactivation, is implicated in the development and aggravation of several neurological and psychiatric disorders. In some pathological conditions, microglia produce increased levels of cytotoxic and inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which can reactivate microglia in a positive feedback mechanism. However, specific molecular mediators that can be effectively targeted to control TNF-α-mediated microglia overactivation, are yet to be uncovered. In this context, we aim to identify novel TNF-α-mediated micro(mi)RNAs and to dissect their roles in microglia activation, as well as to explore their impact on the cellular communication with neurons. A miRNA microarray, followed by RT-qPCR validation, was performed on TNF-α-stimulated primary rat microglia. Gain- and loss-of-function in vitro assays and proteomic analysis were used to dissect the role of miR-342 in microglia activation. Co-cultures of microglia with hippocampal neurons, using a microfluidic system, were performed to understand the impact on neurotoxicity. Stimulation of primary rat microglia with TNF-α led to an upregulation of Nos2, Tnf, and Il1b mRNAs. In addition, ph-NF-kB p65 levels were also increased. miRNA microarray analysis followed by RT-qPCR validation revealed that TNF-α stimulation induced the upregulation of miR-342. Interestingly, miR-342 overexpression in N9 microglia was sufficient to activate the NF-kB pathway by inhibiting BAG-1, leading to increased secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β. Conversely, miR-342 inhibition led to a strong decrease in the levels of these cytokines after TNF-α activation. In fact, both TNF-α-stimulated and miR-342-overexpressing microglia drastically affected neuron viability. Remarkably, increased levels of nitrites were detected in the supernatants of these co-cultures. Globally, our findings show that miR-342 is a crucial mediator of TNF-α-mediated microglia activation and a potential target to tackle microglia-driven neuroinflammation.
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Yang L, Wu D, Li M, Zhu X, Tian Y, Chen Z, Li M, Zhang H, Liang D. Upregulation of microRNA-195 ameliorates calcific aortic valve disease by inhibiting VWF via suppression of the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Cardiol 2020; 309:101-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Moura SR, Bras JP, Freitas J, Osório H, Barbosa MA, Santos SG, Almeida MI. miR-99a in bone homeostasis: Regulating osteogenic lineage commitment and osteoclast differentiation. Bone 2020; 134:115303. [PMID: 32126314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tight coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is essential to maintain bone homeostasis. Deregulation of this process leads to loss and deterioration of the bone tissue causing diseases, such as osteoporosis. MicroRNAs are able to control bone-related mechanisms and have been explored as therapeutic tools. In this study, we investigated the potential of miR-99a-5p to modulate osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, and the osteoblasts-osteoclasts crosstalk. METHODS To achieve this goal, human primary Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSC) were differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes, and miR-99a-5p expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Knockdown and overexpression experiments were conducted to modulate miR-99a-5p expression in MC3T3 cells. Cell proliferation and cell death/apoptosis were evaluated by resazurin assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Proteomic analysis was used to identify the miR-99a-5p regulatory network, and ELISA to evaluate OPG levels in the cell culture supernatant. Conditioned media from MC3T3-transfected cells was used to culture RAW 264.7 cells and the effect on osteoclast differentiation was assessed. Human primary monocytes were isolated to induce osteoclastogenesis and evaluate miR-99a-5p expression. Finally, levels of miR-99a-5p were modulated in RAW 264.7 cells to understand the impact on osteoclastogenesis. RESULTS The results show that miR-99a-5p is significantly downregulated during the early stages of human primary MSCs osteogenic differentiation and during MC3T3 osteogenic differentiation. On the other hand, miR-99a-5p levels are increased during the initial stages of adipogenic differentiation. Inhibition of miR-99a-5p in MC3T3 pre-osteoblastic cells promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas its overexpression suppressed the levels of osteogenic specific genes (Runx2 and Alpl), as well as mineralization, with no effect on proliferation or apoptosis. Proteomic analysis of miR-99a-5p-transfected cells showed that numerous proteins known to be involved in cell differentiation were altered, including osteogenic differentiation markers and extracellular matrix proteins. While inhibition of miR-99a-5p increased the Tnfrsf11b (OPG encoding gene)/Tnfsf11 (RANKL encoding gene) mRNA expression ratio, in addition to increasing OPG secretion, miR-99a-5p overexpression resulted in the opposite effect. The cell culture supernatant of miR-99a-5p-inhibited MC3T3 cells impaired the osteoclastogenic potential of RAW 264.7 cells by decreasing the number of multinucleated cells and reducing the expression of osteoclastogenic markers. Interestingly, miR-99a-5p expression is increased during osteoclasts differentiation, both in human primary monocytes and RAW 264.7. These results show that miR-99a-5p per se is a positive regulator of osteoclastogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Globally, our findings show that miR-99a-5p inhibition promotes the commitment into osteogenic differentiation, impairs osteoclastogenic differentiation, and control bone cells communication. Ultimately, it supports miR-99a-5p as a target candidate for future miRNA-based therapies for bone diseases associated with bone remodeling deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Reis Moura
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joao Paulo Bras
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaime Freitas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mario Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Gomes Santos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Ines Almeida
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Huang T, Zhang J, Ke W, Zhang X, Chen W, Yang J, Liao Y, Liang F, Mei S, Li M, Luo Z, Zhang Q, Yang B, Zheng H. MicroRNA expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells associated with syphilis. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:165. [PMID: 32087699 PMCID: PMC7036247 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection evokes significant immune responses, resulting in tissue damage. The immune mechanism underlying T. pallidum infection is still unclear, although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to influence immune cell function and, consequently, the generation of antibody responses during other microbe infections. However, these mechanisms are unknown for T. pallidum. METHODS In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in healthy individuals, untreated patients with syphilis, patients in the serofast state, and serologically cured patients. miRNAs were profiled from the peripheral blood of patients obtained at the time of serological diagnosis. Then, both the target sequence analysis of these different miRNAs and pathway analysis were performed to identify important immune and cell signaling pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for microRNA analysis. RESULTS A total of 74 differentially regulated miRNAs were identified. Following RT-qPCR confirmation, three miRNAs (hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-589-3p) showed significant differences in the serofast and serologically cured states (P < 0.05). One miRNA (hsa-miR-195-5p) showed significant differences between untreated patients and healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of miRNA expression differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in different stages of T. pallium infection. Our study suggests that the combination of three miRNAs has great potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker of T. pallium infections, which will facilitate better diagnosis and treatment of T. pallium infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wujian Ke
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Liao
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangwen Liang
- Yingde Center for Chronic Disease Control, Yingde, China
| | - Shuqing Mei
- Zhuhai Center Chronic Disease Control, Zhuhai, China
| | - Mingjiu Li
- Panyu Institute of Chronic Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Luo
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Shoeibi S. Diagnostic and theranostic microRNAs in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13353. [PMID: 31344321 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small single strand and noncoding RNAs that regulate several physiological and molecular signalling pathways. Alterations of miRNA expression profiles may be involved with pathophysiological processes underlying the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, including changes in the functions of the endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, such as cell proliferation, migration and inflammation, which are involved in angiogenesis, macrophage function and foam cell formation. Thus, miRNAs can be considered to have a crucial role in the progression, modulation and regulation of every stage of atherosclerosis. Such potential biomarkers will enable us to predict therapeutic response and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases and adopt effective preclinical and clinical treatment strategies. In the present review article, the current data regarding the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis were summarized and the potential miRNAs as prognostic, diagnostic and theranostic biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies were further discussed. The highlights of this review are expected to present opportunities for future research of clinical therapeutic approaches in vascular diseases resulting from atherosclerosis with an emphasis on miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Atherosclerosis Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
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Zhang S, Song X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by acting as a molecular sponge to modulate miR-195. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:386-394. [PMID: 32190150 PMCID: PMC7069425 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.81311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although long non-coding RNA SNHG1 (lncRNA SNHG1) action on cell proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells has been reported, the effects of lncRNA SNHG1 on migration of HCC cells and the mechanisms are still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of lncRNA SNHG1 on metastasis in HCC cells and the possible mechanisms underlying this phenotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of lncRNA SNHG1 and miR-195 was determined using qRT-PCR in both HCC cell lines Huh7 and HepG2. Si-RNA was used to silence SNHG1 and miR-195 inhibitor was used to inhibit expression of miR-195. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm whether miR-195 was the direct binding target of SNHG1. RESULTS lncRNA SNHG1 was significantly up-regulated and miR-195 was significantly down-regulated in HCC cell lines. When transfected with si-SNHG1, migration and invasion of HCC cells, as well as expression of astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) protein, were significantly inhibited compared with the control cells. Results of dual luciferase reporter assay showed that lncRNA SNHG1 acted as an endogenous sponge of miR-195. On the other hand, the expression of miR-195 in tumor tissue was much lower than that of miR-195 in the corresponding normal tissue. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed a strong negative relationship between lncRNA SNHG1 and miR-195 expression in HCC tissues. CONCLUSIONS SNHG1 may promote cell invasion and migration in HCC cells by sponging miR-195. These results can provide deeper understanding of SNHG1 in hepatocellular cancer and give new potential targets for treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoding Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
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Zhang Q, Huang F, Yao Y, Wang J, Wei J, Wu Q, Xiang S, Xu L. Interaction of transforming growth factor-β-Smads/microRNA-362-3p/CD82 mediated by M2 macrophages promotes the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2507-2519. [PMID: 31215741 PMCID: PMC6676115 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tumor microenvironment and the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) are important features of tumor metastasis. However, it remains unknown how signals can form complicated networks to regulate the sustainability of the EMT process. The aim of our study is to explore the possible interaction between tumor‐associated macrophages and tumor cells in the EMT process mediated by microRNA (miR)‐362‐3p. In this study, we found that by releasing TGF‐β, M2 macrophages mediate binding of Smad2/3 to miR‐362‐3p promoter, leading to overexpression of miR‐362‐3p. MicroRNA‐362‐3p maintains EMT by regulating CD82, one of the most important members of the family of tetraspanins. Our finding suggests that miR‐362‐3p can serve as a core factor mediating cross‐talk between the TGF‐β pathway in tumor‐associated macrophages and tetraspanins in tumor cells, and thus facilitates the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yongliang Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Jue Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihao Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sadlon A, Takousis P, Alexopoulos P, Evangelou E, Prokopenko I, Perneczky R. miRNAs Identify Shared Pathways in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:662-672. [PMID: 31221572 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the identification of several dozens of common genetic variants associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), most of the genetic risk remains uncharacterised. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of regulatory elements, such as miRNAs. Dysregulated miRNAs are implicated in AD and PD, with potential value in dissecting the shared pathophysiology between the two disorders. miRNAs relevant to both neurodegenerative diseases are related to axonal guidance, apoptosis, and inflammation, therefore, AD and PD likely arise from similar underlying biological pathway defects. Furthermore, pathways regulated by APP, L1CAM, and genes of the caspase family may represent promising therapeutic miRNA targets in AD and PD since they are targeted by dysregulated miRNAs in both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Sadlon
- Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Petros Takousis
- Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Panagiotis Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Section of Genomics of Common Disease, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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Bayraktar R, Bertilaccio MTS, Calin GA. The Interaction Between Two Worlds: MicroRNAs and Toll-Like Receptors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1053. [PMID: 31139186 PMCID: PMC6527596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical mediators of posttranscriptional regulation via their targeting of the imperfect antisense complementary regions of coding and non-coding transcripts. Recently, researchers have shown that miRNAs play roles in many aspects of regulation of immune cell function by targeting of inflammation-associated genes, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Besides this indirect regulatory role of miRNAs, they can also act as physiological ligands of specific TLRs and initiate the signaling cascade of immune response. In this review, we summarize the potential roles of miRNAs in regulation of TLR gene expression and TLR signaling, with a focus on the ability of miRNAs bind to TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Arslan S, Engin A, Aydemir EI, Sahin NO, Bayyurt B, Sari I, Cosgun Y, Bakir M. Identification of potential microRNA markers related to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever disease. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15506-15517. [PMID: 31044455 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the arbovirus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). The CCHFV has a single-stranded RNA genome of negative sense. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in virus-host interactions and viral pathogenesis. We investigated the miRNA gene expression profiles in patients with CCHF using microarray for the first time in the world. Microarray analysis was performed using mirBase Ver 21 (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). All statistical analyses were performed across the case-control, fatal-control, and fatal-nonfatal case groups using Genespring (Ver 3.0). Fifteen miRNAs were statistical significant in patients with CCHF compared with the controls (5 were upregulated, 10 were downregulated). Seventy-five and sixty-six miRNAs are in fatal compared with control and nonfatal case, respectively (fold change ([FC] ≥50) were statistically significant. In this study, the target genes of important miRNAs were identified and Gene Ontology analyses were performed across all groups. As a result of this study, we propose that the detection of miRNAs in patients with CCHF will allow the determination of therapeutic targets in diseases. CCHF is an important public health problem that can often be fatal. In this study, we investigated miRNA expression in case-control, fatal-control, and fatal-nonfatal case groups. Significant miRNAs associated with fatality were detected in CCHF. This study will serve as a source of data for the development of an antagomir-based therapy against CCHF using miRNAs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdal Arslan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Aynur Engin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Eylem Itir Aydemir
- Department of Statistic, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Nil Ozbilum Sahin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Burcu Bayyurt
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ismail Sari
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Cosgun
- Department of Microbiology Reference and Biological Products Laboratories, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bakir
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
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Ren Y, Li H, Xie W, Wei N, Liu M. MicroRNA‑195 triggers neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease in a Rho‑associated kinase 1‑dependent manner. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5153-5161. [PMID: 31059087 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder occurring in older individuals. Mechanistically, neuroinflammation is a central pathological change in the progression of PD. Activation of microglia is widely considered to be a major trigger for neuroinflammation. Certain microRNAs (miRs) are key factors in inhibiting or stimulating inflammation during the occurrence and development of PD, among which miR‑195 may be a potential crucial biomarker. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate the pathogenesis of PD, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish an in vitro model of microglia activation in the present study. It was revealed that miR‑195 expression was decreased in LPS‑stimulated BV2 cells, suggesting a potential mechanism of action of miR‑195 on microglia activation. Furthermore, gain‑ and loss‑of‑function experiments were performed by successful transfection of microglia with miR‑195 mimics or inhibitors. The results demonstrated that miR‑195 overexpression inhibited the release of pro‑inflammatory cytokines, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and tumor necrosis factor‑α, but induced the release of anti‑inflammatory cytokines in LPS‑treated BV2 cells, including IL‑4 and IL‑10. In addition, Rho‑associated kinase 1 (ROCK1), which is negatively regulated by miR‑195, was increased in LPS‑stimulated BV2 cells. ROCK1 knockdown with small interfering RNA exhibited the same effect as miR‑195 overexpression on regulating microglia status, suggesting that the miR‑195/ROCK1 interaction serves a central role in inducing microglia activation. Furthermore, inhibition of ROCK1 impaired cell viability and proliferation but induced cell apoptosis in LPS‑treated miR‑195‑deficient BV2 cells. The present results suggest that miR‑195 is a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Huajie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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Kowara M, Kasarełło K, Czarzasta K, Opolski G, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A. Early-life inflammation pathways trigger a cascade leading to development of atherosclerotic plaque through the “butterfly effect” – An hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2019; 122:106-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang L, Xia JW, Ke ZP, Zhang BH. Blockade of NEAT1 represses inflammation response and lipid uptake via modulating miR-342-3p in human macrophages THP-1 cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5319-5326. [PMID: 30259979 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis has been recognized as a chronic inflammation process induced by lipid of the vessel wall. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can drive atherosclerosis progression involving macrophages. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in atherosclerosis development. In our current study, we focused on the biological roles of lncRNA NEAT1 in atherosclerosis progress. Here, we found that ox-LDL was able to trigger human macrophages THP-1 cells, a human monocytic cell line, apoptosis in a dose-dependent and time-dependent course. In addition, we observed that NEAT1 was significantly increased in THP-1 cells incubated with ox-LDL and meanwhile miR-342-3p was greatly decreased. Then, NEAT1 was silenced by transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) of NEAT1 into THP-1 cells. As exhibited, CD36, oil-red staining levels, total cholesterol (TC), total cholesterol (TG) levels and THP-1 cell apoptosis were obviously repressed by knockdown of NEAT1. Furthermore, inhibition of NEAT1 contributed to the repression of inflammation in vitro. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein levels were remarkably depressed by NEAT1 siRNA in THP-1 cells. By using bioinformatics analysis, miR-342-3p was predicted as a downstream target of NEAT1 and the correlation between them was confirmed in our study. Moreover, overexpression of miR-342-3p could also greatly suppress inflammation response and lipid uptake in THP-1 cells. Knockdown of NEAT1 and miR-342-3p mimics inhibited lipid uptake in THP-1 cells. In conclusion, we implied that blockade of NEAT1 repressed inflammation response through modulating miR-342-3p in human macrophages THP-1 cells and NEAT1 may offer a promising strategy to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China
| | - Jing-Wen Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zun-Ping Ke
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Hong Zhang
- Departments of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Feng S, Zeng D, Zheng J, Zhao D. MicroRNAs: Mediators and Therapeutic Targets to Airway Hyper Reactivity After Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2177. [PMID: 30254626 PMCID: PMC6141694 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen correlated to the first-time infant wheezing and later recurrence after its primary infection. RSV infection promotes the bronchial smooth muscle sensitivity to leukotrienes (LTs) in acute stage, causes the extensive inflammatory reaction and the aggregation of Th2-like cells during respiratory tract obstruction. Infants and young children infected with RSV exhibit an increased susceptibility to the exposure of exogenous allergens, easy to suffer from the recurrent wheezing, which prompts that the body is still in a state of inflammation or immunological bias. However, the pathological mechanism is unclear. The recent researches demonstrate that abnormal expression of non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) can be detected from the peripheral blood and airway tract epithelial of RSV infected infants, which participate the regulation of immune cells polarization and LTs synthesis. Improving the immune tolerance can significantly relieve the airway inflammation and broncho-spasm caused by RSV. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanism of RSV-induced inflammatory reaction and immune dysfunction leading to airway hyper-reactivity. Further, we summarize the potential molecular basis that, in this process, miRNAs, which are produced by airway epithelial cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, directly or in the form of exosome to regulate the inflammation programs as well as the function, differentiation and proliferation of immune cells. miRNAs may become a potential bio-marker of detecting severe RSV infection and a novel target of early intervention and therapeutic strategy in recurrent wheezing or asthma related to RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dongchi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Digital Health and Data Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Tang N, Jiang S, Yang Y, Liu S, Ponnusamy M, Xin H, Yu T. Noncoding RNAs as therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis with diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 36:e12436. [PMID: 29797660 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the major macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), and it is the main cause of death from clinical observation. Among various cell types involved in this disorder, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophages play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of this disease. The regulation and stabilization of these cells are a key therapeutic strategy for DM-associated atherosclerosis. An increasing number of evidences implicate that various types of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a vital role in many cellular responses as well as in physiological and pathological processes of atherosclerosis and DM that drive atherogenic/antiatherogenic processes in those cells. Encouragingly, many ncRNAs have already been tested in animal experiments or clinical trials showing good performance. In this review, we summarize recent progresses in research on functional regulatory role of ncRNAs in atherosclerosis with DM. More importantly, we illustrate new thoughts and findings relevant to ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers for atherosclerosis with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Tang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoyan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Hui Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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