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Jasbi P, Mohr AE, Murthy MHS, Klein-Seetharaman J. Understanding metabolic resilience by unraveling temporal dynamics of cellular responses. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2025:S1043-2760(25)00081-5. [PMID: 40425398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2025.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025]
Abstract
Metabolic resilience is essential for organismal homeostasis under diverse external pressures, because responding and adapting to stressors requires energy and drives changes at every omic level. The goal of this paper is to synthesize recent advances in understanding the intricate interplay, especially between metabolic and transcriptomic responses, involved in addressing external perturbations. We highlight the importance of timing and sequence in immediate and long-term adjustments; furthermore, we underscore the evolutionary significance of metabolic resilience and its potential for developing innovative therapeutic interventions, making it a timely contribution to contemporary biological, biomedical, and environmental research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Jasbi
- Systems Precision Engineering and Advanced Research (SPEAR), Theriome Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Alex E Mohr
- Systems Precision Engineering and Advanced Research (SPEAR), Theriome Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- Systems Precision Engineering and Advanced Research (SPEAR), Theriome Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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2
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Du T, Zhou L, Liu J, Wang X, Xie H, Yang X, Yang Y. Effectiveness of Microwave Therapy Combined with Berberine /GelMA via COX-2/IL-1β Pathway to Treat Skeletal Muscle Injury: An in vivo Study in Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2025; 20:5509-5527. [PMID: 40321801 PMCID: PMC12047279 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s500490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle injuries are short-term, that occur in people who play sports and train. Regular exercise and sports populations undergo repetitive tearing and regeneration of skeletal muscle, in which muscle damage is a necessary component to produce an oxidative inflammatory response and tissue reconstruction. The primary goals of treating this illness are to reduce the disease process cycle and get rid of symptoms like swelling and inflammation at the site of localized injury. Berberine (BBR) has several pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-arrhythmic properties. Methods In order to treat skeletal muscle injuries, a safe and non-toxic nanogel (BBR/GelMA) was developed for efficient berberine delivery. It also investigated whether BBR/GelMA had anti-inflammatory properties via the NF-κB pathway. Microwave irradiation was added to promote the uptake of BBR in BBR/GelMA by injured skeletal muscle and to accelerate the process of injury recovery. Results It turns out that the survival rates of NIH313 and L929 cells decreased to varying degrees in GelMA loaded with different concentrations of BBR, but the survival rates of the two cell lines were the highest at a concentration of 0.125 mg/mL. Conclusion In this experiment, the inhibitory effect of BBR/GelMA on inflammation was studied. After NIH-313 and L929 cells were treated with GelMA loaded with different doses of BBR, it was found that the concentration of BBR/0.5 mg/mL had the best inhibitory effect on these two inflammation-inducing cell lines, and this inhibitory effect was related to the drug loading concentration. On the other hand, BBR/GelMA and microwave therapy can play an anti-inflammatory and repairing role in skeletal muscle through NF-κB pathway. In addition, microwave can accelerate the diffusion of BBR in BBR/GelMA within injured skeletal muscle, speeding up the healing process after skeletal muscle injury and shortening the disease cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Liaoning University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Liaoning University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoxu Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Liaoning University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxin Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Pryor JL, Sweet D, Rosbrook P, Qiao J, Hess HW, Looney DP. Resistance Training in the Heat: Mechanisms of Hypertrophy and Performance Enhancement. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:1350-1357. [PMID: 38775794 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pryor, JL, Sweet, D, Rosbrook, P, Qiao, J, Hess, HW, and Looney, DP. Resistance training in the heat: Mechanisms of hypertrophy and performance enhancement. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1350-1357, 2024-The addition of heat stress to resistance exercise or heated resistance exercise (HRE) is growing in popularity as emerging evidence indicates altered neuromuscular function and an amplification of several mechanistic targets of protein synthesis. Studies demonstrating increased protein synthesis activity have shown temperature-dependent mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation, supplemental calcium release, augmented heat shock protein expression, and altered immune and hormone activity. These intriguing observations have largely stemmed from myotube, isolated muscle fiber, or rodent models using passive heating alone or in combination with immobilization or injury models. A growing number of translational studies in humans show comparable results employing local tissue or whole-body heat with and without resistance exercise. While few, these translational studies are immensely valuable as they are most applicable to sport and exercise. As such, this brief narrative review aims to discuss evidence primarily from human HRE studies detailing the neuromuscular, hormonal, and molecular responses to HRE and subsequent strength and hypertrophy adaptations. Much remains unknown in this exciting new area of inquiry from both a mechanistic and functional perspective warranting continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luke Pryor
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Daniel Sweet
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Paul Rosbrook
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - JianBo Qiao
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Hayden W Hess
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - David P Looney
- United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
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4
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Yoshihara T, Dobashi S, Naito H. Effects of preconditioning with heat stress on acute exercise-induced intracellular signaling in male rat gastrocnemius muscle. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15913. [PMID: 38185480 PMCID: PMC10771927 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) induces Akt/mTOR phosphorylation and FoxO3a signaling; however, whether a prior increase in heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) expression affects intracellular signaling following eccentric exercise remains unclear. We analyzed the effects of HS pretreatment on intramuscular signaling in response to acute exercise in 10-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 24). One leg of each rat was exposed to HS and the other served as an internal control (CT). Post-HS, rats were either rested or subjected to downhill treadmill running. Intramuscular signaling responses in the red and white regions of the gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed before, immediately after, or 1 h after exercise (n = 8/group). HS significantly increased HSP72 levels in both deep red and superficial white regions. Although HS did not affect exercise-induced mTOR signaling (S6K1/ERK) responses in the red region, mTOR phosphorylation in the white region was significantly higher in CT legs than in HS legs after exercise. Thr308 phosphorylation of Akt showed region-specific alteration with a decrease in the red region and an increase in the white region immediately after downhill running. Overall, a prior increase in HSP72 expression elicits fiber type-specific changes in exercise-induced Akt and mTOR phosphorylation in rat gastrocnemius muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shohei Dobashi
- Graduate School of Health and Sports ScienceJuntendo UniversityChibaJapan
- Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports ScienceJuntendo UniversityChibaJapan
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5
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Fennel ZJ, Ducharme JB, Berkemeier QN, Specht JW, McKenna ZJ, Simpson SE, Nava RC, Escobar KA, Hafen PS, Deyhle MR, Amorim FT, Mermier CM. Effect of heat stress on heat shock protein expression and hypertrophy-related signaling in the skeletal muscle of trained individuals. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R735-R749. [PMID: 37842742 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00031.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Muscle mass is balanced between hypertrophy and atrophy by cellular processes, including activation of the protein kinase B-mechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt-mTOR) signaling cascade. Stressors apart from exercise and nutrition, such as heat stress, can stimulate the heat shock protein A (HSPA) and C (HSPC) families alongside hypertrophic signaling factors and muscle growth. The effects of heat stress on HSP expression and Akt-mTOR activation in human skeletal muscle and their magnitude of activation compared with known hypertrophic stimuli are unclear. Here, we show a single session of whole body heat stress following resistance exercise increases the expression of HSPA and activation of the Akt-mTOR cascade in skeletal muscle compared with resistance exercise in a healthy, resistance-trained population. Heat stress alone may also exert similar effects, though the responses are notably variable and require further investigation. In addition, acute heat stress in C2C12 muscle cells enhanced myotube growth and myogenic fusion, albeit to a lesser degree than growth factor-mediated hypertrophy. Though the mechanisms by which heat stress stimulates hypertrophy-related signaling and the potential mechanistic role of HSPs remain unclear, these findings provide additional evidence implicating heat stress as a novel growth stimulus when combined with resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle and alone in isolated murine muscle cells. We believe these findings will help drive further applied and mechanistic investigation into how heat stress influences muscular hypertrophy and atrophy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that acute resistance exercise followed by whole body heat stress increases the expression of HSPA and increases activation of the Akt-mTOR cascade in a physically active and resistance-trained population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Fennel
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jeremy B Ducharme
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Quint N Berkemeier
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Jonathan W Specht
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Zachary J McKenna
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Shandy E Simpson
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Roberto C Nava
- Fulcrum Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kurt A Escobar
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States
| | - Paul S Hafen
- Division of Science, Indiana University Purdue University Columbus, Columbus, Indiana, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Michael R Deyhle
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Fabiano T Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Christine M Mermier
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
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Picard B, Cougoul A, Couvreur S, Bonnet M. Relationships between the abundance of 29 proteins and several meat or carcass quality traits in two bovine muscles revealed by a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses. J Proteomics 2023; 273:104792. [PMID: 36535620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the relationships between meat or carcass properties and the abundance of 29 proteins quantified in two muscles, Longissimus thoracis and Rectus abdominis, of Rouge des Prés cows. The relative abundance of the proteins was evaluated using a high throughput immunological method: the Reverse Phase Protein array. A combination of univariate and multivariate analyses has shown that small HSPs (CRYAB, HSPB6), fast glycolytic metabolic and structural proteins (MYH1, ENO3, ENO1, TPI1) when assayed both in RA and LT, were related to meat tenderness, marbling, ultimate pH, as well as carcass fat-to-lean ratio or conformation score. In addition to some small HSP, ALDH1A1 and TRIM72 contributed to the molecular signature of muscular and carcass adiposity. MYH1 and HSPA1A were among the top proteins related to carcass traits. We thus shortened the list to 10 putative biomarkers to be considered in future tools to manage both meat and carcass properties. SIGNIFICANCE: In three aspects this manuscript is notable. First, this is the first proteomics study that aims to evaluate putative biomarkers of both meat and carcass qualities that are of economic importance for the beef industry. Second, the relationship between the abundance of proteins and the carcass or meat traits were evaluated by a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses on 48 cows that are representative of the biological variability of the traits. Third, we provide a short list of ten proteins to be tested in a larger population to feed the pipeline of biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Picard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Arnaud Cougoul
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sébastien Couvreur
- École Supérieure d'Agricultures, USC ESA-INRAE 1481 Systèmes d'Elevage, 55 rue Rabelais - BP 30748 - 49007 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Muriel Bonnet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Kim WS, Daddam JR, Keng BH, Kim J, Kim J. Heat shock protein 27 regulates myogenic and self-renewal potential of bovine satellite cells under heat stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad303. [PMID: 37688555 PMCID: PMC10629447 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
While satellite cells play a key role in the hypertrophy, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscles, their response to heat exposure remains poorly understood, particularly in beef cattle. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the transcriptome, proteome, and proliferation capability of bovine satellite cells in response to different levels of heat stress (HS) and exposure times. Satellite cells were isolated from 3-mo-old Holstein bulls (body weight: 77.10 ± 2.02 kg) and subjected to incubation under various temperature conditions: 1) control (38 °C; CON), 2) moderate (39.5 °C; MHS), and extreme (41 °C; EHS) for different durations ranging from 0 to 48 h. Following 3 h of exposure to extreme heat (EHS), satellite cells exhibited significantly increased gene expression and protein abundance of heat shock proteins (HSPs; HSP70, HSP90, HSP20) and paired box gene 7 (Pax7; P < 0.05). HSP27 expression peaked at 3 h of EHS and remained elevated until 24 h of exposure (P < 0.05). In contrast, the expression of myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) and paired box gene 3 (Pax3) was decreased by EHS compared to the control at 3 h of exposure (P < 0.05). Notably, the introduction of HSP27 small interference RNA (siRNA) transfection restored Myf5 expression to control levels, suggesting an association between HSP27 and Myf5 in regulating the self-renewal properties of satellite cells upon heat exposure. Immunoprecipitation experiments further confirmed the direct binding of HSP27 to Myf5, supporting its role as a molecular chaperone for Myf5. Protein-protein docking algorithms predicted a high probability of HSP27-Myf5 interaction as well. These findings indicate that extreme heat exposure intrinsically promotes the accumulation of HSPs and modulates the early myogenic regulatory factors in satellite cells. Moreover, HSP27 acts as a molecular chaperone by binding to Myf5, thereby regulating the division or differentiation of satellite cells in response to HS. The results of this study provide a better understanding of muscle physiology in heat-stressed cells, while unraveling the intricate molecular mechanisms that underlie the HS response in satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jayasimha R Daddam
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Boon Hong Keng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jongkyoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Animal Science and Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Fennel ZJ, Amorim FT, Deyhle MR, Hafen PS, Mermier CM. The Heat Shock Connection: Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R133-R148. [PMID: 35536704 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00048.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an integral tissue system that plays a crucial role in the physical function of all vertebrates and is a key target for maintaining or improving health and performance across the lifespan. Based largely on cellular and animal models, there is some evidence that various forms of heat stress with or without resistance exercise may enhance skeletal muscle growth or reduce its loss. It is not clear whether these stimuli are similarly effective in humans or meaningful in comparison to exercise alone across various heating methodologies. Furthermore, the magnitude by which heat stress may influence whole body thermoregulatory responses and the connection to skeletal muscle adaptation remains ambiguous. Finally, the underlying mechanisms, which may include interaction between relevant heat shock proteins and intracellular hypertrophy and atrophy related factors, remain unclear. In this narrative mini-review we examine the relevant literature regarding heat stress alone or in combination with resistance exercise emphasizing skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy across cellular and animal models, as well as human investigations. Additionally, we present working mechanistic theories for heat shock protein mediated signaling effects regarding hypertrophy and atrophy related signaling processes. Importantly, continued research is necessary to determine the practical effects and mechanisms of heat stress with and without resistance exercise on skeletal muscle function via growth and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Samuel Hafen
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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9
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Risha MA, Ali A, Siengdee P, Trakooljul N, Dannenberger D, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Insights into molecular pathways and fatty acid membrane composition during the temperature stress response in the murine C2C12 cell model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151019. [PMID: 34662617 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations are inevitable due to climate change, which highlights the importance of studying the detrimental effects of temperature fluctuations on the health, productivity, and product quality of farm animals. Muscle membrane composition and the molecular signals are vital for muscle cell differentiation and muscle growth, but their response to temperature stress is not well characterized. Temperature changes can lead to modification of membrane components of the cell, which may affect its surroundings and intracellular signaling pathways. Using C2C12 myoblast cells as a model of skeletal muscle development, this study was designed to investigate the effects of high temperature (39 °C and 41 °C) and low temperature (35 °C) on molecular pathways in the cells as well as the cell membrane fatty acid composition. Our results show that several genes were differentially expressed in C2C12 cells cultured under heat or cold stress, and these genes were enriched important KEGG pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, lysosome and HIF- signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway. Our analysis further reveals that several membrane transporters and genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation were also differentially expressed in C2C12 cells cultured under high or low temperature. Additionally, temperature stress shifts the fatty acid composition in the cell membranes, including the proportion of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study revealed an interference between fatty acid composition in the membranes and changing molecular pathways including lipid metabolism and fatty acids elongation mediated under thermal stress. These findings will reinforce a better understanding of the adaptive mechanisms in skeletal muscle under temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marua Abu Risha
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Asghar Ali
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Puntita Siengdee
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Genomics Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Lipid metabolism and muscular adaptation workgroup, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Genomics Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Nawaz AH, Amoah K, Leng QY, Zheng JH, Zhang WL, Zhang L. Poultry Response to Heat Stress: Its Physiological, Metabolic, and Genetic Implications on Meat Production and Quality Including Strategies to Improve Broiler Production in a Warming World. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:699081. [PMID: 34368284 PMCID: PMC8342923 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.699081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous increase in poultry production over the last decades to meet the high growing demand and provide food security has attracted much concern due to the recent negative impacts of the most challenging environmental stressor, heat stress (HS), on birds. The poultry industry has responded by adopting different environmental strategies such as the use of environmentally controlled sheds and modern ventilation systems. However, such strategies are not long-term solutions and it cost so much for farmers to practice. The detrimental effects of HS include the reduction in growth, deterioration of meat quality as it reduces water-holding capacity, pH and increases drip loss in meat consequently changing the normal color, taste and texture of chicken meat. HS causes poor meat quality by impairing protein synthesis and augmenting undesirable fat in meat. Studies previously conducted show that HS negatively affects the skeletal muscle growth and development by changing its effects on myogenic regulatory factors, insulin growth factor-1, and heat-shock proteins. The focus of this article is in 3-fold: (1) to identify the mechanism of heat stress that causes meat production and quality loss in chicken; (2) to discuss the physiological, metabolic and genetic changes triggered by HS causing setback to the world poultry industry; (3) to identify the research gaps to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Nawaz
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kwaku Amoah
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qi Y Leng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jia H Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wei L Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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11
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Risha MA, Ali A, Siengdee P, Trakooljul N, Haack F, Dannenberger D, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Wnt signaling related transcripts and their relationship to energy metabolism in C2C12 myoblasts under temperature stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11625. [PMID: 34178477 PMCID: PMC8210811 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature stress is one of the main environmental stressors affecting the welfare, health and productivity of livestock. Temperature changes can modify cell membrane components, disrupting the crosstalk between the cell and its surroundings by affecting signaling pathways including Wnt signaling pathway, which subsequently disrupts cell energy metabolism. The present study aims to understand the effect of temperature stress on the expression of genes involved in Wnt signaling pathways, and their interaction with energy metabolism in C2C12 myoblasts cells. The C2C12 cells were exposed to cold stress (35 °C), mild heat stress (39 °C) and severe heat stress (41 °C), whereas 37 °C was used as control temperature. Transcript levels of important genes involved in Wnt signaling including Axin2, Tnks2, Sfrp1, Dkk1, Dact1, Cby1, Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt11, Porcn, Ror2, Daam1, and Ppp3ca were significantly altered under severe heat stress (41 °C), whereas eight Wnt signaling-related transcripts (Daam1, Ppp3ca, Fzd7, Wnt5a, Porcn, Tnks2, Lrp6, and Aes) were significantly altered under cold stress (35 °C) compared to control. Under heat stress transcripts of the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors (Sfrp1, Dkk1, and Cby1) and negative regulators (Dact1 and Axin2) are activated. A positive correlation between oxidative phosphorylation and Wnt-related transcripts was found under high temperatures. Transcripts of the cell membrane receptors, including Lrp6 and Fzd7, and the members of Wnt/Ca+2 signaling pathway, including Ppp3ca and Porcn were downregulated under cold stress. Many Wnt signaling-related transcripts were positively correlated with glycolysis under cold stress. These findings indicate a cross-talk between Wnt signaling and energy metabolism under thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marua Abu Risha
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Asghar Ali
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Puntita Siengdee
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Fiete Haack
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Institute of Genome Biology, Genomics Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany.,Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Institute of Genome Biology, Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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12
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Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism in Poultry during and after Heat Stress: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041167. [PMID: 33921616 PMCID: PMC8074156 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examined the influence of environmental heat stress, a concern facing modern broiler producers, on protein metabolism and broiler performance, as well as the physiological mechanisms that activate and control or minimize the detrimental impacts of stress. In addition, available scientific papers that focused on amino acids (AA) digestibility under stress conditions were analyzed. Furthermore, AA supplementation, a good strategy to enhance broiler thermotolerance, amelioration, or stress control, by keeping stress at optimal levels rather than its elimination, plays an important role in the success of poultry breeding. Poultry maintain homeothermy, and their response to heat stress is mainly due to elevated ambient temperature and the failure of effective heat loss, which causes a considerable negative economic impact on the poultry industry worldwide. Reduced feed intake, typically observed during heat stress, was the primary driver for meat production loss. However, accumulating evidence indicates that heat stress influences poultry metabolism and endocrine profiles independently of reduced feed intake. In conclusion, high ambient temperatures significantly reduced dietary AA intake, which in turn reduced protein deposition and growth in broilers. Further studies are required to determine the quantity of the AA needed in warm and hot climates and to introduce genetic tools for animal breeding associated with the heat stress in chickens.
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13
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Response of turkey pectoralis major muscle satellite cells to hot and cold thermal stress: Effect of growth selection on satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 252:110823. [PMID: 33148517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cell (SCs), the main progenitors for post-hatch poultry muscle growth, has maximal mitotic activity and sensitivity to temperature during the first week after hatch. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of hot and cold temperatures on the proliferation and differentiation of SCs from pectoralis major (P. major) muscle of fast-growing 1-week-old Nicholas commercial (NC) turkeys compared to Randombred Control Line 2 (RBC2) turkeys representing commercial turkeys from 1966. Three temperature regimens were used: SCs proliferation at 38 °C (control) with differentiation at 43° or 33 °C; proliferation at 43° or 33 °C with differentiation at 38 °C; or both proliferation and differentiation at 43°, 38°, or 33°C. Satellite cell proliferation and differentiation increased at 43 °C and decreased at 33 °C in both lines. When a thermal challenge was administered during proliferation, greater stimulatory or suppressive effects on differentiation were observed compared to if the thermal challenge was applied only during differentiation in both lines. Expression of myoblast determination protein 1 during proliferation showed a higher increase in the NC line compared to the RBC2 line at 43 °C. Increased myogenin expression was observed in all hot treatment groups in the NC line but was only observed in the RBC2 line if the hot treatment was administered throughout proliferation and differentiation. Cold treatment suppressed myogenin expression independent of line. These results suggest turkey P. major muscle SCs are more sensitive to environmental temperatures during proliferation, and SCs from growth-selected NC turkeys are more sensitive to thermal stress compared to the RBC2 turkeys.
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14
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Muscle temperature kinetics and thermoregulatory responses to 42 °C hot-water immersion in healthy males and females. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:2611-2624. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Effects of passive heating intervention on muscle hypertrophy and neuromuscular function: A preliminary systematic review with meta-analysis. J Therm Biol 2020; 93:102684. [PMID: 33077110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Passive heating has been therapeutically used to treat a range of health conditions. Further, this intervention presents as a potential exercise mimetic strategy showing acute and chronic effects on skeletal muscle adaptation and neuromuscular systems. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise the existing evidence on the effects of passive heating on muscle hypertrophy and neuromuscular function. Seven databases were searched (i.e., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, and SPORTDiscus) from 1937 to October 2019. Eligible studies included original papers using healthy animals or human samples (≥18 years; both sexes) that have used a control group or condition. Ten original articles were included in this review and four in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis detected an increase in muscle mass in animal samples seven days after passive heating (I2 = 65%, P < 0.01). The systematic review showed preliminary evidence that repeated passive heating exposures may promote muscle hypertrophy in animals and humans. Moreover, augmented muscle strength (involuntary and voluntary) may be observed after long-term passive heating (animals and humans) and increases in corticospinal excitability in humans after a single passive heating session. Passive heating has shown some potential benefits for skeletal muscle mass gain and muscle force improvement. Therefore, it is plausible to suggest that passive heating might be a worthwhile alternative to be recommended as an exercise mimetic for those people who lack or are unable to complete sufficient exercise.
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16
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Hyldahl RD, Peake JM. Combining cooling or heating applications with exercise training to enhance performance and muscle adaptations. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 129:353-365. [PMID: 32644914 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00322.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Athletes use cold water immersion, cryotherapy chambers, or icing in the belief that these strategies improve postexercise recovery and promote greater adaptations to training. A number of studies have systematically investigated how regular cold water immersion influences long-term performance and muscle adaptations. The effects of regular cold water immersion after endurance or high-intensity interval training on aerobic capacity, lactate threshold, power output, and time trial performance are equivocal. Evidence for changes in angiogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle in response to regular cold water immersion is also mixed. More consistent evidence is available that regular cold water immersion after strength training attenuates gains in muscle mass and strength. These effects are attributable to reduced activation of satellite cells, ribosomal biogenesis, anabolic signaling, and muscle protein synthesis. Athletes use passive heating to warm up before competition or improve postexercise recovery. Emerging evidence indicates that regular exposure to ambient heat, wearing garments perfused with hot water, or microwave diathermy can mimic the effects of endurance training by stimulating angiogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle. Some passive heating applications may also mitigate muscle atrophy through their effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle fiber hypertrophy. More research is needed to consolidate these findings, however. Future research in this field should focus on 1) the optimal modality, temperature, duration, and frequency of cooling and heating to enhance long-term performance and muscle adaptations and 2) whether molecular and morphological changes in muscle in response to cooling and heating applications translate to improvements in exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hyldahl
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Jonathan M Peake
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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17
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Kim K, Monroe JC, Gavin TP, Roseguini BT. Skeletal muscle adaptations to heat therapy. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:1635-1642. [PMID: 32352340 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00061.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of heat have been harnessed for centuries to treat skeletal muscle disorders and other pathologies. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying the well-documented clinical benefits associated with heat therapy (HT) remain poorly defined. Foundational studies in cultured skeletal muscle and endothelial cells, as well as in rodents, revealed that episodic exposure to heat stress activates a number of intracellular signaling networks and promotes skeletal muscle remodeling. Renewed interest in the physiology of HT in recent years has provided greater understanding of the signals and molecular players involved in the skeletal muscle adaptations to episodic exposures to HT. It is increasingly clear that heat stress promotes signaling mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, muscle hypertrophy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and glucose metabolism through not only elevations in tissue temperature but also other perturbations, including increased intramyocellular calcium and enhanced energy turnover. The few available translational studies seem to indicate that the earlier observations in rodents also apply to human skeletal muscle. Indeed, recent findings revealed that both local and whole-body HT may promote capillary growth, enhance mitochondrial content and function, improve insulin sensitivity and attenuate disuse-induced muscle wasting. This accumulating body of work implies that HT may be a practical treatment to combat skeletal abnormalities in individuals with chronic disease who are unwilling or cannot participate in traditional exercise-training regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungrae Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jacob C Monroe
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Timothy P Gavin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Bruno T Roseguini
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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18
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Hotfiel T, Mayer I, Huettel M, Hoppe MW, Engelhardt M, Lutter C, Pöttgen K, Heiss R, Kastner T, Grim C. Accelerating Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Injuries in Triathletes: Considerations for Olympic Distance Races. Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:sports7060143. [PMID: 31200464 PMCID: PMC6628249 DOI: 10.3390/sports7060143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The triathlon is one of the fastest developing sports in the world due to expanding participation and media attention. The fundamental change in Olympic triathlon races from a single to a multistart event is highly demanding in terms of recovery from and prevention of exercise-induced muscle injures. In elite and competitive sports, ultrastructural muscle injuries, including delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), are responsible for impaired muscle performance capacities. Prevention and treatment of these conditions have become key in regaining muscular performance levels and to guarantee performance and economy of motion in swimming, cycling and running. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current findings on the pathophysiology, as well as treatment and prevention of, these conditions in compliance with clinical implications for elite triathletes. In the context of DOMS, the majority of recovery interventions have focused on different protocols of compression, cold or heat therapy, active regeneration, nutritional interventions, or sleep. The authors agree that there is a compelling need for further studies, including high-quality randomized trials, to completely evaluate the effectiveness of existing therapeutic approaches, particularly in triathletes. The given recommendations must be updated and adjusted, as further evidence emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Hotfiel
- Department of Orthopedic, Trauma, Hand and Neuro Surgery, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, Osnabrück 49076, Germany.
- Deutsche Triathlon Union (DTU), Frankfurt 60528, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Isabel Mayer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Moritz Huettel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe
- Department of Orthopedic, Trauma, Hand and Neuro Surgery, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, Osnabrück 49076, Germany.
- Department of Movement and Training Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany.
| | - Martin Engelhardt
- Department of Orthopedic, Trauma, Hand and Neuro Surgery, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, Osnabrück 49076, Germany.
- Deutsche Triathlon Union (DTU), Frankfurt 60528, Germany.
| | - Christoph Lutter
- Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock 18057, Germany.
- Department of Sports Orthopedics, Sports Medicine, Sports Traumatology, Klinikum Bamberg, Bamberg 96049, Germany.
| | | | - Rafael Heiss
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Tom Kastner
- Deutsche Triathlon Union (DTU), Frankfurt 60528, Germany.
- Department of Sport Medicine Humboldt University and Charité University Medicine, Berlin 10117, Germany.
- Institute for Applied Training Science Leipzig (IAT), Leipzig 04109, Germany.
| | - Casper Grim
- Department of Orthopedic, Trauma, Hand and Neuro Surgery, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, Osnabrück 49076, Germany.
- Deutsche Triathlon Union (DTU), Frankfurt 60528, Germany.
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19
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Hentilä J, Nissinen TA, Korkmaz A, Lensu S, Silvennoinen M, Pasternack A, Ritvos O, Atalay M, Hulmi JJ. Activin Receptor Ligand Blocking and Cancer Have Distinct Effects on Protein and Redox Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle and Liver. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1917. [PMID: 30713500 PMCID: PMC6345696 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting in cancer cachexia can be alleviated by blocking activin receptor type 2 (ACVR2) ligands through changes in protein synthesis/degradation. These changes in cellular and protein metabolism may alter protein homeostasis. First, we elucidated the acute (1–2 days) and 2-week effects of blocking ACVR2 ligands by soluble activin receptor 2B (sACVR2B-Fc) on unfolded protein response (UPR), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and redox balance in a healthy mouse skeletal muscle. Second, we examined UPR, autophagy and redox balance with or without sACVR2B-Fc administration in muscle and liver of C26 tumor-bearing mice. The indicators of UPR and HSPs were not altered 1–2 days after a single sACVR2B-Fc administration in healthy muscles, but protein carbonyls increased (p < 0.05). Two weeks of sACVR2B-Fc administration increased muscle size, which was accompanied by increased UPR markers: GRP78 (p < 0.05), phosphorylated eIF2α (p < 0.01) and HSP47 (p < 0.01). Additionally, protein carbonyls and reduced form of glutathione increased (GSH) (p < 0.05). On the other hand, C26 cancer cachexia manifested decreased UPR markers (p-eIF2α, HSP47, p-JNK; p < 0.05) and antioxidant GSH (p < 0.001) in muscle, whereas the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione increased (GSSG/GSH; p < 0.001). Administration of sACVR2B-Fc prevented the decline in GSH and increased some of the UPR indicators in tumor-bearing mice. Additionally, autophagy markers LC3II/I (p < 0.05), Beclin-1 (p < 0.01), and P62 (p < 0.05) increased in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Finally, indicators of UPR, PERK, p-eIF2α and GRP78, increased (p < 0.05), whereas ATF4 was strongly decreased (p < 0.01) in the liver of tumor-bearing mice while sACVR2B-Fc had no effect. Muscle GSH and many of the altered UPR indicators correlated with tumor mass, fat mass and body mass loss. In conclusion, experimental cancer cachexia is accompanied by distinct and tissue-specific changes in proteostasis. Muscle hypertrophy induced by blocking ACVR2B ligands may be accompanied by the induction of UPR and increased protein carbonyls but blocking ACVR2B ligands may upregulate antioxidant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Hentilä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuuli A Nissinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ayhan Korkmaz
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mika Silvennoinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Pasternack
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Ritvos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha J Hulmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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20
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McGorm H, Roberts LA, Coombes JS, Peake JM. Turning Up the Heat: An Evaluation of the Evidence for Heating to Promote Exercise Recovery, Muscle Rehabilitation and Adaptation. Sports Med 2018; 48:1311-1328. [PMID: 29470824 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Historically, heat has been used in various clinical and sports rehabilitation settings to treat soft tissue injuries. More recently, interest has emerged in using heat to pre-condition muscle against injury. The aim of this narrative review was to collate information on different types of heat therapy, explain the physiological rationale for heat therapy, and to summarise and evaluate the effects of heat therapy before, during and after muscle injury, immobilisation and strength training. Studies on skeletal muscle cells demonstrate that heat attenuates cellular damage and protein degradation (following in vitro challenges/insults to the cells). Heat also increases the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and upregulates the expression of genes involved in muscle growth and differentiation. In rats, applying heat before and after muscle injury or immobilisation typically reduces cellular damage and muscle atrophy, and promotes more rapid muscle growth/regeneration. In humans, some research has demonstrated benefits of microwave diathermy (and, to a lesser extent, hot water immersion) before exercise for restricting muscle soreness and restoring muscle function after exercise. By contrast, the benefits of applying heat to muscle after exercise are more variable. Animal studies reveal that applying heat during limb immobilisation attenuates muscle atrophy and oxidative stress. Heating muscle may also enhance the benefits of strength training for improving muscle mass in humans. Further research is needed to identify the most effective forms of heat therapy and to investigate the benefits of heat therapy for restricting muscle wasting in the elderly and those individuals recovering from serious injury or illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish McGorm
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4067, Australia.
- Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, The Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Llion A Roberts
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4067, Australia
- Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, The Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeff S Coombes
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Peake
- Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, The Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Tissue Repair and Translational Physiology Program, School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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21
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Stadnyk AMJ, Rehrer NJ, Handcock PJ, Meredith-Jones KA, Cotter JD. No clear benefit of muscle heating on hypertrophy and strength with resistance training. Temperature (Austin) 2017; 5:175-183. [PMID: 30393753 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2017.1391366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat is a major stressor during exercise, though its value in driving adaptation is not well understood. Muscle heating can upregulate pathways facilitating protein synthesis and could thereby enhance effects of exercise training, however, few studies have investigated this possibility. We examined whether heating active muscle during resistance training differentially affected physical and functional adaptations. Within a randomised contralateral-limb control study, ten healthy, resistance-untrained individuals (21 ± 3 y; 5 female) completed 30 sessions of progressive resistance training (12 weeks), performing 4 × 8 unilateral knee extensions at 70% of 1RM. One randomly-allocated thigh was heated during, and for 20 min after, each session using an electric pad eliciting muscle temperatures of >38 °C (HOT); the contralateral limb remained unheated (CON). Training intensity was progressed using 4-weekly strength assessments. Quadricep lean mass (measured using DXA) increased by 15 ± 7% in HOT (p = 0.00) and 15 ± 6% in CON (p = 0.00); the difference being trivial (p = 0.94). Peak isokinetic torque at 90°.s-1 increased by 30 ± 25% (HOT; p = 0.00) and 34 ± 33% (CON; p = 0.01), with no difference (p = 0.84) between limbs. Rate of torque development increased ∼40%, with no difference between limbs (p = 0.73). The increase in 3-RM strength was also similar in HOT (75 ± 16%) and CON (71 ± 14%; p = 0.80 for difference). No differences in mass or strength changes were evident between sexes. In conclusion, supplemental heating of active muscle during and after each bout of resistance training showed no clear positive (or negative) effect on training-induced hypertrophy or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony M J Stadnyk
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nancy J Rehrer
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Phil J Handcock
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - James D Cotter
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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22
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Pollock-Tahiri E, Locke M. The cellular stress response of rat skeletal muscle following lengthening contractions. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:708-715. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The cellular stress response of the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was investigated following 20, 40, or 60 lengthening contractions (LCs) using an in vivo model of electrical stimulation. Muscles were removed at 0, 1, 3, or 24 h after LCs and assessed for heat shock transcription factor (HSF) activation, heat shock protein (HSP) content, and/or morphological evidence of muscle fibre damage. When compared with the first muscle contraction, peak muscle torque was reduced by 26% (p < 0.05) after 20 LCs and further reduced to 56% and 60% (p < 0.001) after 40 and 60 LCs, respectively. Following 60 LCs, HSF activation was detected at 0, 1, and 3 h but was undetectable at 24 h. Hsp72 content was elevated at 24 h after 20 LCs (2.34 ± 0.37 fold, p < 0.05), 40 LCs (3.02 ± 0.31 fold, p < 0.01), and 60 LCs (3.37 ± 0.21 fold, p < 0.001). Hsp25 content increased after 40 (2.36 ± 0.24 fold, p < 0.01) and 60 LCs (2.80 ± 0.37 fold, p < 0.01). Morphological assessment of TA morphology revealed that very few fibres were damaged following 20 LCs while multiple sets of LCs (40 and 60) caused greater amounts of fibre damage. Electron microscopy showed disrupted Z-lines and sarcomeres were detectable in some muscles fibres following 20 LCs but were more prevalent and severe in muscles subjected to 40 or 60 LCs. These results suggest LCs elevate HSP content by an HSF-mediated mechanism (60 LC) and a single set of 20 LCs is capable of increasing muscle HSP content without causing significant muscle fibre damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Pollock-Tahiri
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Marius Locke
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
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23
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de Moraes CN, Maia L, de Oliveira E, de Paula Freitas Dell'Aqua C, Chapwanya A, da Cruz Landim-Alvarenga F, Oba E. Shotgun proteomic analysis of the secretome of bovine endometrial mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells challenged or not with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 187:42-47. [PMID: 28494928 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of the conditioned medium (CM) for diseases treatment is based on its enrichment with biomolecules with therapeutic properties and themselves have a beneficial effect. Secretome of bovine endometrial mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells (eMSCs) using a proteomics approach is until now unknown. This work aimed to evaluate the secretome of bovine eMSCs-CM challenged or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this, eMSCs characterized were challenged (TG) or not (CG). The CM was collected 12h after stimulation and submitted to mass spectrometry analysis. The classification of identified proteins was done by PANTHER according to biological processes, molecular function, cellular component and protein class. 397 protein groups were identified in TG and 302 in CG. We observed positive enrichment for antibacterial response proteins, macrophage activation function, receptor-mediated endocytosis, hydrolase activity, inhibitory enzyme in TG, and for activity structural molecule and intermediate filament cytoskeleton in the CG. Our experimental model shows that eMSCs respond to LPS in the concentration used and can be used to study immune-inflammatory response, besides of the secretion of proteins mainly related to tissue remodeling, immune response and angiogenesis which is an interesting feature for use in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nogueira de Moraes
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Radiology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Maia
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Radiology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aspinas Chapwanya
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | | | - Eunice Oba
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Radiology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Molanouri Shamsi M, Mahdavi M, Quinn LS, Gharakhanlou R, Isanegad A. Effect of resistance exercise training on expression of Hsp70 and inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:783-91. [PMID: 27245165 PMCID: PMC5003795 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of adipose tissue and skeletal muscles accrued following type 1 diabetes is associated with protein misfolding and loss of adipose mass and skeletal muscle atrophy. Resistance training can maintain muscle mass by changing both inflammatory cytokines and stress factors in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 5-week ladder climbing resistance training program on the expression of Hsp70 and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and fast-twitch flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and slow-twitch soleus muscles in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Induction of diabetes reduced body mass, while resistance training preserved FHL muscle weight in diabetic rats without any changes in body mass. Diabetes increased Hsp70 protein content in skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, and serum. Hsp70 protein levels were decreased in normal and diabetic rats by resistance training in the FHL, but not soleus muscle. Furthermore, resistance training decreased inflammatory cytokines in FHL skeletal muscle. On the other hand, Hsp70 and inflammatory cytokine protein levels were increased by training in adipose tissue. Also, significant positive correlations between inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and skeletal muscles with Hsp70 protein levels were observed. In conclusion, we found that in diabetic rats, resistance training decreased inflammatory cytokines and Hsp70 protein levels in fast skeletal muscle, increased adipose tissue inflammatory cytokines and Hsp70, and preserved FHL muscle mass. These results suggest that resistance training can maintain skeletal muscle mass in diabetes by changing inflammatory cytokines and stress factors such as Hsp70 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Molanouri Shamsi
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Dept., Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Jala Ale Ahmad Exp., P.O.Box: 14117-13116, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Mahdavi
- Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69 Pasteur Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - L S Quinn
- Research Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, and Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - R Gharakhanlou
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Dept., Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Jala Ale Ahmad Exp., P.O.Box: 14117-13116, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Isanegad
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Dept., Faculty of Humanities, Shahed University, P.O.Box: 14117-13116, Tehran, I.R., Iran
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, P.O.Box: 14117-13116, Tehran, I.R., Iran
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Akerman AP, Tipton M, Minson CT, Cotter JD. Heat stress and dehydration in adapting for performance: Good, bad, both, or neither? Temperature (Austin) 2016; 3:412-436. [PMID: 28349082 PMCID: PMC5356617 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2016.1216255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological systems respond acutely to stress to minimize homeostatic disturbance, and typically adapt to chronic stress to enhance tolerance to that or a related stressor. It is legitimate to ask whether dehydration is a valuable stressor in stimulating adaptation per se. While hypoxia has had long-standing interest by athletes and researchers as an ergogenic aid, heat and nutritional stressors have had little interest until the past decade. Heat and dehydration are highly interlinked in their causation and the physiological strain they induce, so their individual roles in adaptation are difficult to delineate. The effectiveness of heat acclimation as an ergogenic aid remains unclear for team sport and endurance athletes despite several recent studies on this topic. Very few studies have examined the potential ergogenic (or ergolytic) adaptations to ecologically-valid dehydration as a stressor in its own right, despite longstanding evidence of relevant fluid-regulatory adaptations from short-term hypohydration. Transient and self-limiting dehydration (e.g., as constrained by thirst), as with most forms of stress, might have a time and a place in physiological or behavioral adaptations independently or by exacerbating other stressors (esp. heat); it cannot be dismissed without the appropriate evidence. The present review did not identify such evidence. Future research should identify how the magnitude and timing of dehydration might augment or interfere with the adaptive processes in behaviorally constrained versus unconstrained humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Paul Akerman
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Division of Sciences, University of Otago , New Zealand
| | - Michael Tipton
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth , UK
| | | | - James David Cotter
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Division of Sciences, University of Otago , New Zealand
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Harding RL, Clark DL, Halevy O, Coy CS, Yahav S, Velleman SG. The effect of temperature on apoptosis and adipogenesis on skeletal muscle satellite cells derived from different muscle types. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/9/e12539. [PMID: 26341996 PMCID: PMC4600383 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are multipotential stem cells that mediate postnatal muscle growth and respond differently to temperature based upon aerobic versus anaerobic fiber-type origin. The objective of this study was to determine how temperatures below and above the control, 38°C, affect the fate of satellite cells isolated from the anaerobic pectoralis major (p. major) or mixed fiber biceps femoris (b. femoris). At all sampling times, p. major and b. femoris cells accumulated less lipid when incubated at low temperatures and more lipid at elevated temperatures compared to the control. Satellite cells isolated from the p. major were more sensitive to temperature as they accumulated more lipid at elevated temperatures compared to b. femoris cells. Expression of adipogenic genes, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) were different within satellite cells isolated from the p. major or b. femoris. At 72 h of proliferation, C/EBPβ expression increased with increasing temperature in both cell types, while PPARγ expression decreased with increasing temperature in p. major satellite cells. At 48 h of differentiation, both C/EBPβ and PPARγ expression increased in the p. major and decreased in the b. femoris, with increasing temperature. Flow cytometry measured apoptotic markers for early apoptosis (Annexin-V-PE) or late apoptosis (7-AAD), showing less than 1% of apoptotic satellite cells throughout all experimental conditions, therefore, apoptosis was considered biologically not significant. The results support that anaerobic p. major satellite cells are more predisposed to adipogenic conversion than aerobic b. femoris cells when thermally challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Harding
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio
| | - Daniel L Clark
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio
| | - Orna Halevy
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Cynthia S Coy
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio
| | - Shlomo Yahav
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Sandra G Velleman
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio
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Nilsson MI, Dobson JP, Greene NP, Wiggs MP, Shimkus KL, Wudeck EV, Davis AR, Laureano ML, Fluckey JD. Abnormal protein turnover and anabolic resistance to exercise in sarcopenic obesity. FASEB J 2013; 27:3905-16. [PMID: 23804240 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-224006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity may impair protein synthesis rates and cause anabolic resistance to growth factors, hormones, and exercise, ultimately affecting skeletal muscle mass and function. To better understand muscle wasting and anabolic resistance with obesity, we assessed protein 24-h fractional synthesis rates (24-h FSRs) in selected hind-limb muscles of sedentary and resistance-exercised lean and obese Zucker rats. Despite atrophied hind-limb muscles (-28% vs. lean rats), 24-h FSRs of mixed proteins were significantly higher in quadriceps (+18%) and red or white gastrocnemius (+22 or +38%, respectively) of obese animals when compared to lean littermates. Basal synthesis rates of myofibrillar (+8%) and mitochondrial proteins (-1%) in quadriceps were not different between phenotypes, while manufacture of cytosolic proteins (+12%) was moderately elevated in obese cohorts. Western blot analyses revealed a robust activation of p70S6k (+178%) and a lower expression of the endogenous mTOR inhibitor DEPTOR (-28%) in obese rats, collectively suggesting that there is an obesity-induced increase in net protein turnover favoring degradation. Lastly, the protein synthetic response to exercise of mixed (-7%), myofibrillar (+6%), and cytosolic (+7%) quadriceps subfractions was blunted compared to the lean phenotype (+34, +40, and +17%, respectively), indicating a muscle- and subfraction-specific desensitization to the anabolic stimulus of exercise in obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats I Nilsson
- 1Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243.
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Yoshida N, Morimoto Y, Kataoka H, Sakamoto J, Nakano J, Okita M. Effects of Combination Therapy of Heat Stress and Muscle Contraction Exercise Induced by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Disuse Atrophy in the Rat Gastrocnemius. J Phys Ther Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.25.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nao Yoshida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital
| | - Yosuke Morimoto
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | - Hideki Kataoka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | | | - Jiro Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Minoru Okita
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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Touchberry CD, Gupte AA, Bomhoff GL, Graham ZA, Geiger PC, Gallagher PM. Acute heat stress prior to downhill running may enhance skeletal muscle remodeling. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:693-705. [PMID: 22589083 PMCID: PMC3468678 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones that are known to have important roles in facilitating protein synthesis, protein assembly and cellular protection. While HSPs are known to be induced by damaging exercise, little is known about how HSPs actually mediate skeletal muscle adaption to exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a heat shock pretreatment and the ensuing increase in HSP expression on early remodeling and signaling (2 and 48 h) events of the soleus (Sol) muscle following a bout of downhill running. Male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were randomly assigned to control, eccentric exercise (EE; downhill running) or heat shock + eccentric exercise (HS; 41°C for 20 min, 48 h prior to exercise) groups. Markers of muscle damage, muscle regeneration and intracellular signaling were assessed. The phosphorylation (p) of HSP25, Akt, p70s6k, ERK1/2 and JNK proteins was also performed. As expected, following exercise the EE group had increased creatine kinase (CK; 2 h) and mononuclear cell infiltration (48 h) compared to controls. The EE group had an increase in p-HSP25, but there was no change in HSP72 expression, total protein concentration, or neonatal MHC content. Additionally, the EE group had increased p-p70s6k, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK (2 h) compared to controls; however no changes in p-Akt were seen. In contrast, the HS group had reduced CK (2 h) and mononuclear cell infiltration (48 h) compared to EE. Moreover, the HS group had increased HSP72 content (2 and 48 h), total protein concentration (48 h), neonatal MHC content (2 and 48 h), p-HSP25 and p-p70s6k (2 h). Lastly, the HS group had reduced p-Akt (48 h) and p-ERK1/2 (2 h). These data suggest that heat shock pretreatment and/or the ensuing HSP72 response may protect against muscle damage, and enhance increases in total protein and neonatal MHC content following exercise. These changes appear to be independent of Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D. Touchberry
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine - Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Building, 2464 Charlotte Street, Room 2211, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA
| | - Anisha A. Gupte
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Gregory L. Bomhoff
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Zachary A. Graham
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of Kansas, 1301 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - Paige C. Geiger
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Philip M. Gallagher
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of Kansas, 1301 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
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Strength training elevates HSP27, HSP70 and αB-crystallin levels in musculi vastus lateralis and trapezius. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:1773-82. [PMID: 21901266 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A single bout of high-force exercise has been shown to increase the muscle levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here, changes in the levels of HSPs after 2 and 11 weeks of strength training with either one or three sets per exercise were examined. Fifteen young men (27 ± 6 years, 182 ± 8 cm and 82 ± 13 kg) were randomized to train either one set in lower-body exercises and three sets in upper-body exercises (1L-3UB), or three sets in lower-body exercises and one set in upper-body exercises (3L-1UB). Biopsies from vastus lateralis and trapezius were obtained before, during (2 weeks) and after 11 weeks of strength training (3 bouts per week). The biopsies were analysed for HSP27 (cytosolic and cytoskeletal fractions) and HSP70 and αB-crystallin (cytosolic fraction). No evidence for an effect of training volume (1 vs. 3 sets) on the HSP response was found. For all subjects combined, HSP27 [186 ± 69% (mean ± SD)], HSP70 (146 ± 51%) and αB-crystallin (184 ± 82%) increased in the cytosolic fraction of vastus lateralis after 11 weeks of training. In the trapezius, the only observed increase was for HSP27 in the cytosolic fraction after 2 weeks of training (149 ± 59%). However, the trapezius contained somewhat higher levels of HSP70 and αB-crystallin than vastus lateralis at baseline. The HSP27 levels in the cytoskeletal compartment did not increase significantly in either muscle. In conclusion, strength training resulted-independent of training volume-in elevated levels of HSP27, HSP70 and αB-crystallin in the cytosolic compartment of the vastus lateralis. In the trapezius, only the cytosolic HSP27 levels were increased with training.
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Moreno-Sánchez N, Rueda J, Reverter A, Carabaño MJ, Díaz C. Muscle-specific gene expression is underscored by differential stressor responses and coexpression changes. Funct Integr Genomics 2011; 12:93-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-011-0249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kamanga-Sollo E, Pampusch MS, White ME, Hathaway MR, Dayton WR. Effects of heat stress on proliferation, protein turnover, and abundance of heat shock protein messenger ribonucleic acid in cultured porcine muscle satellite cells. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:3473-80. [PMID: 21742942 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that heat stress (HS) negatively affects growth rate in swine. Although reduced feed intake undoubtedly plays a significant role in this reduction, studies in laboratory animals and other nonswine species indicate muscle growth also is affected by HS-related alterations in muscle physiology. Evidence is now emerging that heat shock proteins (Hsp), produced in response to HS and other types of cellular stress, may play an important role in regulating the rate and efficiency of muscle growth. Because muscle satellite cells play a crucial role in postnatal muscle growth, the effects of HS on rates of satellite cell proliferation, protein synthesis, and protein degradation play an important role in determining the rate and extent of muscle growth. Consequently, in the current study we have examined the effects of mild HS (40.5°C for 48 h) on the rates of proliferation, protein synthesis, and protein degradation and on quantities of Hsp90, Hsp70, and Hsp25/27 mRNA and protein in cultured porcine muscle satellite cells (PSC). Mild HS of PSC cultures resulted in 2.5-, 1.4-, and 6.5-fold increases (P < 0.05) in the abundance of Hsp90, Hsp70, and Hsp25/27 mRNA, respectively, relative to control cultures. Abundance of Hsp 90, 70, and 25/27 proteins was also increased in HS PSC cultures compared with those in control cultures. Proliferation rates in HS PSC cultures were 35% less (P < 0.05) than those in control cultures. Protein synthesis rates in HS-fused PSC cultures were 85% greater (P < 0.05) than those in control cultures, and protein degradation rates in HS-fused PSC were 23% less (P < 0.05) than those in control cultures. In light of the crucial role satellite cells play in postnatal muscle growth, the HS-induced changes we have observed in rates of proliferation, protein turnover, and abundance of Hsp mRNA and Hsp protein in PSC cultures indicate that mild HS affects the physiology of PSC in ways that could affect muscle growth in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kamanga-Sollo
- Animal Growth and Development Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 348 ABLMS, Eckles Avenue, St. Paul 55108, USA
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Kakigi R, Naito H, Ogura Y, Kobayashi H, Saga N, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Yoshihara T, Katamoto S. Heat stress enhances mTOR signaling after resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle. J Physiol Sci 2011; 61:131-40. [PMID: 21222186 PMCID: PMC10717825 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-010-0130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of heat stress (HS) on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling involved in translation initiation after resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle. Eight young male subjects performed four sets of six maximal repetitions of knee extension exercises, with or without HS, in a randomized crossover design. HS was applied to the belly of the vastus lateralis by using a microwave therapy unit prior to and during exercise. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before, immediately after, and 1 h after exercise. HS significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt/PKB, mTOR, and ribosomal protein S6 at 1 h after exercise (P < 0.05), and the 4E-BP1 phosphorylation level, which had initially decreased with exercise, had recovered by 1 h after exercise with HS. In addition, the phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 kinase 1 was significantly increased immediately after exercise with HS (P < 0.05). These results indicate that HS enhances mTOR signaling after resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kakigi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
| | - Yuji Ogura
- Department of Physiology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0015 Japan
| | - Norio Saga
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
| | - Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
| | - Shizuo Katamoto
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695 Japan
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Strauss M, Rada A, Tejero F, Hermoso T. Heat stress in rat adriamycin cardiomyopathy: heat shock protein 25 and Myosin accumulation. J Toxicol Pathol 2010; 23:235-43. [PMID: 22272033 PMCID: PMC3234633 DOI: 10.1293/tox.23.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia on adriamycin cardiomyopathy and
its relationship with heat shock protein induction and myosin accumulation,
female Sprague-Dawley rats (21–24 days) were randomized into four groups: the
control, adriamycin, temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. Adriamycin
was injected i.v. at a dose of 27 mg/Kg (0.1 ml). The rats were exposed to a
temperature of 45ºC for 35 min, followed by a recovery (1 h) at room temperature
prior to adriamycin treatment. Body weight was recorded weekly. The thickness of
the ventricular wall and percentage of cellular damage were biometrically and
ultrastructurally evaluated, respectively. Heat shock protein 25 and myosin
accumulation were determined through Western blot analysis. The determinations
were carried out monthly until the third month after treatment. At eight and
twelve weeks after treatment, the thickness of the ventricular wall seemed to
decrease in the adriamycin-treated rats in relation to the other groups. An
electron microscopic analysis of the adriamycin group’s left ventricular wall
samples, showed more sarcomeric changes and loss of myofibrils than the control,
temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. At 24 hours after treatment with
adriamycin, higher levels of heat shock protein 25 and myosin were observed
(week 0) in the temperature-adriamycin group than in the control and adriamycin
groups (4, 8 and 12 weeks). Hyperthermia was confirmed by a multivariate
approach to induce heat shock protein 25 and myosin, which would strengthen
cardiac-sarcomeric myosin arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Strauss
- Sección de Biología Celular, Instituto de Medicina
Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A,
Venezuela
| | - Alegna Rada
- Sección de Biología Celular, Instituto de Medicina
Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A,
Venezuela
| | - Félix Tejero
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad
de Ciencias. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela
| | - Tomás Hermoso
- Sección de Bioquímica de Parásitos, Instituto de
Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela,
Caracas 1041A, Venezuela
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Nilsson MI, Greene NP, Dobson JP, Wiggs MP, Gasier HG, Macias BR, Shimkus KL, Fluckey JD. Insulin resistance syndrome blunts the mitochondrial anabolic response following resistance exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 299:E466-74. [PMID: 20606077 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00118.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic risk factors associated with insulin resistance syndrome may attenuate augmentations in skeletal muscle protein anabolism following contractile activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not the anabolic response, as defined by an increase in cumulative fractional protein synthesis rates (24-h FSR) following resistance exercise (RE), is blunted in skeletal muscle of a well-established rodent model of insulin resistance syndrome. Four-month-old lean (Fa/?) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats engaged in four lower body RE sessions over 8 days, with the last bout occurring 16 h prior to muscle harvest. A priming dose of deuterium oxide ((2)H(2)O) and (2)H(2)O-enriched drinking water were administered 24 h prior to euthanization for assessment of cumulative FSR. Fractional synthesis rates of mixed (-5%), mitochondrial (-1%), and cytosolic (+15%), but not myofibrillar, proteins (-16%, P = 0.012) were normal or elevated in gastrocnemius muscle of unexercised obese rats. No statistical differences were found in the anabolic response of cytosolic and myofibrillar subfractions between phenotypes, but obese rats were not able to augment 24-h FSR of mitochondria to the same extent as lean rats following RE (+14% vs. +28%, respectively). We conclude that the mature obese Zucker rat exhibits a mild, myofibrillar-specific suppression in basal FSR and a blunted mitochondrial response to contractile activity in mixed gastrocnemius muscle. These findings underscore the importance of assessing synthesis rates of specific myocellular subfractions to fully elucidate perturbations in basal protein turnover rates and differential adaptations to exercise stimuli in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats I Nilsson
- Dept. of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, 77843-4243, USA
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Goto K, Oda H, Kondo H, Igaki M, Suzuki A, Tsuchiya S, Murase T, Hase T, Fujiya H, Matsumoto I, Naito H, Sugiura T, Ohira Y, Yoshioka T. Responses of muscle mass, strength and gene transcripts to long-term heat stress in healthy human subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 111:17-27. [PMID: 20803152 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of long-term heat stress on mass, strength and gene expression profile of human skeletal muscles without exercise training. Eight healthy men were subjected to 10-week application of heat stress, which was performed for the quadriceps muscles for 8 h/day and 4 days/week by using a heat- and steam-generating sheet. Maximum isometric force during knee extension of the heated leg significantly increased after heat stress (~5.8%, P < 0.05). Mean cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of vastus lateralis (VL, ~2.7%) and rectus femoris (~6.1%) muscles, as well as fiber CSA (8.3%) in VL, in the heated leg were also significantly increased (P < 0.05). Statistical analysis of microarrays (SAM) revealed that 10 weeks of heat stress increased the transcript level of 925 genes and decreased that of 1,300 genes, and gene function clustering analysis (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery: DAVID) showed that these regulated transcripts stemmed from diverse functional categories. Transcript level of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) was significantly increased by 10 weeks of heat stress (~3.0 folds). UQCRB is classified as one of the oxidative phosphorylation-associated genes, suggesting that heat stress can stimulate ATP synthesis. These results suggested that long-term application of heat stress could be effective in increasing the muscle strength associated with hypertrophy without exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumasa Goto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Aichi, 440-8511, Japan.
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Characterization of the specific and sustained GH1 expression induced by rAAV2/1 in normal adult male rats. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 37:3643-51. [PMID: 20204528 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the long-term effects of intramuscular injection of rAAV2/1-CMV-GH1 viral particles on GH1 expression in normal adult male rats. We found that specific and sustained GH1 expression did not improve muscle exercise performance despite inducing local muscle hypertrophy. Injection of rAAV2/1-CMV-GH1 had some systemic effects on the liver and heart and on lipid metabolism in the healthy rats. Serum levels of hGH (human growth hormone), insulin, glucose and leptin increased significantly, which might induce insulin resistance. The serum concentration of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), IGF-BP3 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3) and PIIINP (N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen) markedly increased at 24 weeks after injection of GH1. In conclusion, GH1 expression driven by AAV2/1 in normal animals did not improve muscle strength but did increase muscle mass and may have systemic effects in healthy animals.
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Tarricone E, Scapin C, Vitadello M, Esposito F, Margonato V, Milano G, Samaja M, Gorza L. Cellular distribution of Hsp70 expression in rat skeletal muscles. Effects of moderate exercise training and chronic hypoxia. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 13:483-95. [PMID: 18528785 PMCID: PMC2673932 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-008-0048-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat hindlimb muscles constitutively express the inducible heat shock protein 72 (Hsp70), apparently in proportion to the slow myosin content. Since it remains controversial whether chronic Hsp70 expression reflects the overimposed stress, we investigated Hsp70 cellular distribution in fast muscles of the posterior rat hindlimb after (1) mild exercise training (up to 30 m/min treadmill run for 1 h/day), which induces a remodeling in fast fiber composition, or (2) prolonged exposure to normobaric hypoxia (10%O(2)), which does not affect fiber-type composition. Both conditions increased significantly protein Hsp70 levels in the skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemistry showed the labeling for Hsp70 in subsets of both slow/type 1 and fast/type 2A myofibers of control, sedentary, and normoxic rats. Endurance training increased about threefold the percentage of Hsp70-positive myofibers (P < 0.001), and changed the distribution of Hsp70 immunoreactivity, which involved a larger subset of both type 2A and intermediate type 2A/2X myofibers (P < 0.001) and vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypoxia induced Hsp70 immunoreactivity in smooth muscle cells of veins and did not increase the percentage of Hsp70-positive myofibers; however, sustained exposure to hypoxia affected the distribution of Hsp70 immunoreactivity, which appeared detectable in a very small subset of type 2A fibers, whereas it concentrated in type 1 myofibers (P < 0.05) together with the labeling for heme-oxygenase isoform 1, a marker of oxidative stress. Therefore, the chronic induction of Hsp70 expression in rat skeletal muscles is not obligatory related to the slow fiber phenotype but reveals the occurrence of a stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tarricone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Scapin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Esposito
- Institute of Physical Exercise, Health and Sport Activities, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center of Sport Medicine, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Margonato
- Institute of Physical Exercise, Health and Sport Activities, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center of Sport Medicine, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Milano
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Gorza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
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Hipkiss AR. Error-protein metabolism and ageing. Biogerontology 2008; 10:523-9. [PMID: 18923917 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-008-9188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ageing and many associated pathologies are accompanied by accumulation of altered proteins. It is suggested that erroneous polypeptide biosynthesis, cytosolic and mitochondrial, is not an insignificant source of aberrant protein in growing and non-mitotic cells. It is proposed that (i) synthesis of sufficient proteases and chaperone proteins necessary for rapid elimination of altered proteins, from cytoplasmic and mitochondrial compartments, is related to cellular protein biosynthetic potential, and (ii) cells growing slowly, or not at all, automatically generate lower levels of protease/chaperone molecules than cells growing rapidly, due to decreased general rate of protein synthesis and lowered amount of error-protein produced per cell. Hence the increased vulnerability of mature organisms may be explained, at least in part, by the decline in constitutive protease/chaperone protein biosynthesis. Upregulation of mitochondria biogenesis, induced by dietary restriction or aerobic exercise, may also increase protease/chaperone protein synthesis, which would improve cellular ability to degrade both error-proteins and proteins damaged post-synthetically by reactive oxygen species etc. These proposals may help explain, in part, the latency of those age-related pathologies where altered proteins accumulate only late in life, and the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise and dietary restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Hipkiss
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and the London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
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Rome S, Lecomte V, Meugnier E, Rieusset J, Debard C, Euthine V, Vidal H, Lefai E. Microarray analyses of SREBP-1a and SREBP-1c target genes identify new regulatory pathways in muscle. Physiol Genomics 2008; 34:327-37. [PMID: 18559965 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90211.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we have identified the target genes of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1a and SREBP-1c in primary cultures of human skeletal muscle cells, using adenoviral vectors expressing the mature nuclear form of human SREBP-1a or SREBP-1c combined with oligonucleotide microarrays. Overexpression of SREBP-1a led to significant changes in the expression of 1,315 genes (655 upregulated and 660 downregulated), whereas overexpression of SREBP-1c modified the mRNA level of 514 genes (310 upregulated and 204 downregulated). Gene ontology analysis indicated that in human muscle cells SREBP-1a and -1c are involved in the regulation of a large number of genes that are at the crossroads of different functional pathways, several of which are not directly connected with cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Six hundred fifty-two of all genes identified to be differentially regulated on SREBP overexpression had a sterol regulatory element (SRE) motif in their promoter sequences. Among these, 429 were specifically regulated by SREBP-1a, 69 by SREBP-1c, and 154 by both 1a and 1c. Because both isoforms recognize the same binding motif, we determined whether some of these functional differences could depend on the environment of the SRE motifs in the promoters. Results from promoter analysis showed that different combinations of transcription factor binding sites around the SRE binding motifs may determine regulatory networks of transcription that could explain the superposition of lipid and cholesterol metabolism with various other pathways involved in adaptive responses to stress like hypoxia and heat shock, or involvement in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Rome
- INSERM U870, INRA UMR1235, Régulations Métaboliques, Nutrition, et Diabètes, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, INSA-Lyon, RMND, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France.
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Shima Y, Kitaoka K, Yoshiki Y, Maruhashi Y, Tsuyama T, Tomita K. Effect of Heat Shock Preconditioning on ROS Scavenging Activity in Rat Skeletal Muscle after Downhill Running. J Physiol Sci 2008; 58:341-8. [DOI: 10.2170/physiolsci.rp004808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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