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Torres DB, Lopes A, Rodrigues AJ, Ventura-Silva AP, Sousa N, Gontijo JAR, Boer PA, Lopes MG. Early morphological and neurochemical changes of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) in gestational protein-restricted male offspring. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38576309 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2320498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a structure with a peculiar neurochemical composition involved in modulating anxietylike behavior and fear. AIM The present study investigated the effects on the BNST neurochemical composition and neuronal structure in critical moments of the postnatal period in gestational protein-restricted male rats' offspring. METHODS Dams were maintained during the pregnancy on isocaloric rodent laboratory chow with standard protein content [NP, 17%] or low protein content [LP, 6%]. BNST from male NP and age-matched LP offspring was studied using the isotropic fractionator method, Neuronal 3D reconstruction, dendritic-tree analysis, blotting analysis, and high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Serum corticosterone levels were higher in male LP offspring than NP rats in 14-day-old offspring, without any difference in 7-day-old progeny. The BNST total cell number and anterodorsal BNST division volume in LP progeny were significantly reduced on the 14th postnatal day compared with NP offspring. The BNST HPLC analysis from 7 days-old LP revealed increased norepinephrine levels compared to NP progeny. The BNST blot analysis from 7-day-old LP revealed reduced levels of GR and BDNF associated with enhanced CRF1 expression compared to NP offspring. 14-day-old LP offspring showed reduced expression of MR and 5HT1A associated with decreased DOPAC and DOPA turnover levels relative to NP rats. In Conclusion, the BNST cellular and neurochemical changes may represent adaptation during development in response to elevated fetal exposure to maternal corticosteroid levels. In this way, gestational malnutrition alters the BNST content and structure and contributes to already-known behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Torres
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A Lopes
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A J Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - A P Ventura-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J A R Gontijo
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - P A Boer
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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O'Sullivan D, Gordon BR, Lyons M, Meyer JD, Herring MP. Effects of resistance exercise training on depressive symptoms among young adults: A randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115322. [PMID: 37429171 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supports the antidepressant effects of resistance exercise training (RET); however, findings among young adults at-risk for elevated depressive symptoms are limited. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of eight weeks of ecologically-valid, guidelines-based RET, compared to a wait-list control, on depressive symptoms among 55 young adults (26±5y; 36 female) with and without subclinical, or analogue, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (AGAD; Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire GAD subscale ≥6 and Penn State Worry Questionnaire ≥45) and Major Depressive Disorder (AMDD). Following a three-week familiarization period, participants completed one-on-one, twice-weekly RET sessions. The 16-item, self-reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) assessed depressive symptoms. RM-ANCOVAs examined between-group differences, and significant interactions were decomposed with simple effects analysis. Hedges' d effect sizes (95%CI) quantified the magnitude of differences in change between groups across time. Stratified analyses were conducted among subsamples with AMDD and AGAD. There were no baseline depressive symptom differences between groups. Attendance was 83%, and compliance was 80%. RET induced statistically significant, clinically-meaningful, large-magnitude reductions in depressive symptoms from baseline to week eight in the total (d = 1.01; [95%CI: 0.44-1.57]), AMDD (d = 1.71; [95%CI: 0.96-2.46]), and AGAD (d = 1.39; [95%CI: 0.55-2.24]) samples. These findings support guidelines-based RET as a promising treatment for mild depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh O'Sullivan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Brett R Gordon
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mark Lyons
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jacob D Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States
| | - Matthew P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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3
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Jia P, Wang J, Ren X, He J, Wang S, Xing Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Zhou S, Liu X, Yu S, Li Z, Jiang C, Zang W, Chen X, Wang J. An enriched environment improves long-term functional outcomes in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage by mechanisms that involve the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:694-711. [PMID: 36635875 PMCID: PMC10108193 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221135419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression exacerbates neurologic deficits and quality of life. Depression after ischemic stroke is known to some extent. However, depression after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is relatively unknown. Increasing evidence shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has neuroprotective effects in animal models, but its impact after ICH is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of EE on long-term functional outcomes in mice subjected to collagenase-induced striatal ICH. Mice were subjected to ICH with the standard environment (SE) or ICH with EE for 6 h/day (8:00 am-2:00 pm). Depressive, anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive tests were evaluated on day 28 with the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, forced swim test, light-dark transition experiment, morris water maze, and novel object recognition test. Exposure to EE improved neurologic function, attenuated depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, and promoted spatial learning and memory. These changes were associated with increased expression of transcription factor Nrf2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibited glutaminase activity in the perihematomal tissue. However, EE did not change the above behavioral outcomes in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28. Furthermore, exposure to EE did not increase BDNF expression compared to exposure to SE in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28 after ICH. These findings indicate that EE improves long-term outcomes in sensorimotor, emotional, and cognitive behavior after ICH and that the underlying mechanism involves the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Jia
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuhua Ren
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxin He
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinpei Xing
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Shangchen Yu
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zefu Li
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology,
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Weidong Zang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
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Delgado-Losada ML, Bouhaben J, Arroyo-Pardo E, Aparicio A, López-Parra AM. Loneliness, Depression, and Genetics in the Elderly: Prognostic Factors of a Worse Health Condition? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15456. [PMID: 36497531 PMCID: PMC9739711 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness is considered a prognostic factor for poorer health status in the elderly. It is proposed to analyze the role of loneliness in health status in terms of various factors. A total of 1747 individuals from the pilot survey of the Aging in Spain Longitudinal Study (ELES-PS) were reviewed. ELES is a cross-sectional study for collecting health variables, food habits, socioeconomic data, and cognitive and functional capacities, which was carried out on a Spanish representative sample of noninstitutionalized persons of 50 years of age or older. Moreover, since telomere shortening is associated with cellular senescence, 35 telomere-related SNPs and cognitive impairments were analyzed. The results characterize the "solos" as males of 50-60 years, who were overweight and had lower levels of hemoglobin and neutrophils. There is also an association between five SNPs related to telomere length and BDNF. A group of people with loneliness and depression was identified with poorer health and cognitive status, poorer perception of their quality of life, poorer quality of sleep, and lower physical activity. Therefore, it follows that telomeres and BDNF play a role as intermediaries between loneliness and depression and their relationship with a worse state of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- Group of Neurosciences: Psychoneuroendocrinology, Neuroimaging and Molecular Genetics in Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Bouhaben
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo
- Laboratory of Forensic and Population Genetics, Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology Department, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Group of Forensic Sciences: Forensic Genetics and Toxicology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- Group of Neurosciences: Psychoneuroendocrinology, Neuroimaging and Molecular Genetics in Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María López-Parra
- Laboratory of Forensic and Population Genetics, Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology Department, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Group of Forensic Sciences: Forensic Genetics and Toxicology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Saikarthik J, Saraswathi I, Alarifi A, Al-Atram AA, Mickeymaray S, Paramasivam A, Shaikh S, Jeraud M, Alothaim AS. Role of neuroinflammation mediated potential alterations in adult neurogenesis as a factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Post-Acute COVID-19 syndrome-A narrative review. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14227. [PMID: 36353605 PMCID: PMC9639419 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of symptoms beyond the initial 3 to 4 weeks after infection is defined as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). A wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms like anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders and cognitive disturbances have been observed in PACS. The review was conducted based on PRISMA-S guidelines for literature search strategy for systematic reviews. A cytokine storm in COVID-19 may cause a breach in the blood brain barrier leading to cytokine and SARS-CoV-2 entry into the brain. This triggers an immune response in the brain by activating microglia, astrocytes, and other immune cells leading to neuroinflammation. Various inflammatory biomarkers like inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and adhesion molecules have been implicated in psychiatric disorders and play a major role in the precipitation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Impaired adult neurogenesis has been linked with a variety of disorders like depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and dementia. Persistence of neuroinflammation was observed in COVID-19 survivors 3 months after recovery. Chronic neuroinflammation alters adult neurogenesis with pro-inflammatory cytokines supressing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines favouring adult neurogenesis. Based on the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms/disorders in PACS, there is more possibility for a potential impairment in adult neurogenesis in COVID-19 survivors. This narrative review aims to discuss the various neuroinflammatory processes during PACS and its effect on adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Saikarthik
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilango Saraswathi
- Department of Physiology, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdulaziz Alarifi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Al-Atram
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suresh Mickeymaray
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anand Paramasivam
- Department of Physiology, RVS Dental College and Hospital, Kumaran Kottam Campus, Kannampalayan, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Saleem Shaikh
- Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mathew Jeraud
- Department of Physiology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S. Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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6
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Peng S, Zhou Y, Lu M, Wang Q. Review of Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Depression. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221139082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression, a mental illness that is receiving increasing attention, is caused by multiple factors and genes and adversely affects social life and health. Several hypotheses have been proposed to clarify the pathogenesis of depression, and various synthetic antidepressants have been introduced to treat patients with depression. However, these drugs are effective only in a proportion of patients and fail to achieve complete remission. Recently, herbal medicines have received much attention as alternative treatments for depression because of their fewer side effects and lower costs. In this review, we have mainly focused on the herbal medicines that have been proven in clinical studies (especially randomized controlled trials and preclinical studies) to have antidepressant effects; we also describe the potential mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of those herbal medicines; the cellular and animal model of depression; and the development of novel drug delivery systems for herbal antidepressants. Finally, we objectively elaborate on the challenges of using herbal medicines as antidepressants and describe the benefits, adverse effects, and toxicity of these medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Peng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Early Life Stress Affects Bdnf Regulation: A Role for Exercise Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911729. [PMID: 36233029 PMCID: PMC9569911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) encompasses exposure to aversive experiences during early development, such as neglect or maltreatment. Animal and human studies indicate that ELS has maladaptive effects on brain development, leaving individuals more vulnerable to developing behavioral and neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. This result occurs in part to disruptions in Brain derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) gene regulation, which plays a vital role in early neural programming and brain health in adulthood. A potential treatment mechanism to reverse the effects of ELS on Bdnf expression is aerobic exercise due to its neuroprotective properties and positive impact on Bdnf expression. Aerobic exercise opens the door to exciting and novel potential treatment strategies because it is a behavioral intervention readily and freely available to the public. In this review, we discuss the current literature investigating the use of exercise interventions in animal models of ELS to reverse or mitigate ELS-induced changes in Bdnf expression. We also encourage future studies to investigate sensitive periods of exercise exposure, as well as sufficient duration of exposure, on epigenetic and behavioral outcomes to help lead to standardized practices in the exercise intervention field.
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Dourron HM, Strauss C, Hendricks PS. Self-Entropic Broadening Theory: Toward a New Understanding of Self and Behavior Change Informed by Psychedelics and Psychosis. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:982-1027. [DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Lee SM, Kim YH, Kim YR, Lee BR, Shin S, Kim JY, Jung IC, Lee MY. Anti-fatigue potential of Pinus koraiensis leaf extract in an acute exercise-treated mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Joshi R, Salton SRJ. Neurotrophin Crosstalk in the Etiology and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:932497. [PMID: 35909451 PMCID: PMC9335126 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.932497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the current progress in our understanding of the mechanisms by which growth factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and select neurotrophin-regulated gene products, such as VGF (non-acronymic) and VGF-derived neuropeptides, function in the central nervous system (CNS) to modulate neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, with a discussion of the possible therapeutic applications of these growth factors to major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). BDNF and VEGF levels are generally decreased regionally in the brains of MDD subjects and in preclinical animal models of depression, changes that are associated with neuronal atrophy and reduced neurogenesis, and are reversed by conventional monoaminergic and novel ketamine-like antidepressants. Downstream of neurotrophins and their receptors, VGF was identified as a nerve growth factor (NGF)- and BDNF-inducible secreted protein and neuropeptide precursor that is produced and trafficked throughout the CNS, where its expression is greatly influenced by neuronal activity and exercise, and where several VGF-derived peptides modulate neuronal activity, function, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Moreover, levels of VGF are reduced in the CSF of AD subjects, where it has been repetitively identified as a disease biomarker, and in the hippocampi of subjects with MDD, suggesting possible shared mechanisms by which reduced levels of VGF and other proteins that are similarly regulated by neurotrophin signaling pathways contribute to and potentially drive the pathogenesis and progression of co-morbid neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, particularly MDD and AD, opening possible therapeutic windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Joshi
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephen R. J. Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Stephen R. J. Salton,
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Pignataro P, Dicarlo M, Zerlotin R, Storlino G, Oranger A, Sanesi L, Lovero R, Buccoliero C, Mori G, Colaianni G, Colucci S, Grano M. Antidepressant Effect of Intermittent Long-Term Systemic Administration of Irisin in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147596. [PMID: 35886944 PMCID: PMC9320584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a psychiatric disorder increasingly diffused worldwide. Evidence suggests that irisin, a myokine secreted by contracting muscle, mediates beneficial effects on several targets, including the brain. Here, the potential antidepressant properties of long-term intermittent systemic irisin administration (100 µg/kg/weekly for 1 month) were evaluated in mice by the Tail Suspension Test (TST), Forced Swim Test (FST), and Open Field Test (OFT). Furthermore, to deepen the molecular pathways underlying irisin treatment, the expression of irisin precursor, neurotrophic/growth factors, and cytokines was analyzed. Irisin treatment significantly decreased the immobility time in the TST and FST, suggesting an antidepressant effect. Additionally, irisin seemed to display an anxiolytic-like effect increasing the time spent in the OFT arena center. These findings were probably due to the modulation of endogenous brain factors as the gene expression of some neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), was upregulated only in irisin-treated mouse brain. Moreover, irisin modulated the expression of some cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that the irisin antidepressant effect may be observed even with a systemic administration in mice. This could pave the way toward intriguing preclinical research in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Pignataro
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (S.C.)
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Manuela Dicarlo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberta Zerlotin
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppina Storlino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Angela Oranger
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Sanesi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberto Lovero
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Polyclinic of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Buccoliero
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (A.O.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
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12
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Vorobyeva N, Kozlova AA. Three Naturally-Occurring Psychedelics and Their Significance in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927984. [PMID: 35837277 PMCID: PMC9274002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical psychedelics represent a family of psychoactive substances with structural similarities to serotonin and affinity for serotonin receptors. A growing number of studies have found that psychedelics can be effective in treating various psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Mental health disorders are extremely prevalent in the general population constituting a major problem for the public health. There are a wide variety of interventions for mental health disorders, including pharmacological therapies and psychotherapies, however, treatment resistance still remains a particular challenge in this field, and relapse rates are also quite high. In recent years, psychedelics have become one of the promising new tools for the treatment of mental health disorders. In this review, we will discuss the three classic serotonergic naturally occurring psychedelics, psilocybin, ibogaine, and N, N-dimethyltryptamine, focusing on their pharmacological properties and clinical potential. The purpose of this article is to provide a focused review of the most relevant research into the therapeutic potential of these substances and their possible integration as alternative or adjuvant options to existing pharmacological and psychological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Vorobyeva
- Hive Bio Life Sciences Ltd., London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nataliya Vorobyeva,
| | - Alena A. Kozlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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13
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Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Management of Neurological Disorders. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:874-883. [PMID: 35476315 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of neurons marks as the pathological reason for onset of most of the neurological diseases although the functional deficiencies and symptoms may vary. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) boosts regeneration of both motor and sensory neurons and thus presents as a potential treatment in management of neurological disorders. IGF-I is a pleiotropic agent which stimulates the survival and outgrowth of neurons accompanied by their motility as well as myelination by glial cells. This hormone has been found to possess neuroprotective properties which is in association with its antioxidant and mitochondrial protection activity. Studying and exploring the signaling pathways which mediate pleotropic responses intracellularly have elucidated significant therapeutic approach in treatment and management of neurological disorders by IGF-I. The current review highlights the role of IGF-I in management of major neurological disorders such as depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease and also covers the mechanisms involved in the process.
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood platelets, due to shared biochemical and functional properties with presynaptic serotonergic neurons, constituted, over the years, an attractive peripheral biomarker of neuronal activity. Therefore, the literature strongly focused on the investigation of eventual structural and functional platelet abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly in depressive disorder. Given their impact in biological psychiatry, the goal of the present paper was to review and critically analyze studies exploring platelet activity, functionality, and morpho-structure in subjects with depressive disorder. METHODS According to the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review through the PubMed database up to March 2020 with the search terms: (1) platelets in depression [Title/Abstract]"; (2) "(platelets[Title]) AND depressive disorder[Title/Abstract]"; (3) "(Platelet[Title]) AND major depressive disorder[Title]"; (4) (platelets[Title]) AND depressed[Title]"; (5) (platelets[Title]) AND depressive episode[Title]"; (6) (platelets[Title]) AND major depression[Title]"; (7) platelet activation in depression[All fields]"; and (8) platelet reactivity in depression[All fields]." RESULTS After a detailed screening analysis and the application of specific selection criteria, we included in our review a total of 106 for qualitative synthesis. The studies were classified into various subparagraphs according to platelet characteristics analyzed: serotonergic system (5-HT2A receptors, SERT activity, and 5-HT content), adrenergic system, MAO activity, biomarkers of activation, responsivity, morphological changes, and other molecular pathways. CONCLUSIONS Despite the large amount of the literature examined, nonunivocal and, occasionally, conflicting results emerged. However, the findings on structural and metabolic alterations, modifications in the expression of specific proteins, changes in the aggregability, or in the responsivity to different pro-activating stimuli, may be suggestive of potential platelet dysfunctions in depressed subjects, which would result in a kind of hyperreactive state. This condition could potentially lead to an increased cardiovascular risk. In line with this hypothesis, we speculated that antidepressant treatments would seem to reduce this hyperreactivity while representing a potential tool for reducing cardiovascular risk in depressed patients and, maybe, in other neuropsychiatric conditions. However, the problem of the specificity of platelet biomarkers is still at issue and would deserve to be deepened in future studies.
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15
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Zhao XP, Li H, Dai RP. Neuroimmune crosstalk through brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its precursor pro-BDNF: New insights into mood disorders. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:379-392. [PMID: 35433323 PMCID: PMC8968497 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders are the most common mental disorders, affecting approximately 350 million people globally. Recent studies have shown that neuroimmune interaction regulates mood disorders. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor pro-BDNF, are involved in the neuroimmune crosstalk during the development of mood disorders. BDNF is implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurological disorders especially in antidepressant pharmacotherapy. In this review, we describe the functions of BDNF/pro-BDNF signaling in the central nervous system in the context of mood disorders. In addition, we summarize the developments for BDNF and pro-BDNF functions in mood disorders. This review aims to provide new insights into the impact of neuroimmune interaction on mood disorders and reveal a new basis for further development of diagnostic targets and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Pei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
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16
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Leger RF, Unterwald EM. Assessing the effects of methodological differences on outcomes in the use of psychedelics in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:20-30. [PMID: 34519567 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211044688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classical psychedelics are a group of drugs which act as agonists on the serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Evidence suggests they may have a uniquely rapid and enduring positive effect on mood. However, marked heterogeneity between methodological designs in this emerging field remains a significant concern. AIMS To determine how differences in the type of psychedelic agent used and the number of dosing sessions administered affect subjects' depression and anxiety outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS This review collected and screened 1591 records from the MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for clinical trials reporting objective data on mood for subjects with a known anxiety or depression. RESULTS After screening, nine clinical trials met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of these studies showed significant, large positive effect sizes for measures of anxiety (Cohen's d = 1.26) and depression (Cohen's d = 1.38) overall. These positive effects were also significant at acute (⩽1 week) and extended (>1 week) time points. No significant differences were observed between trials using different psychedelic agents (psilocybin, ayahuasca or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)), however, a significant difference was observed in favour of trials with multiple dosing sessions. No serious ADR were reported. CONCLUSION Psilocybin, ayahuasca and LSD all appear to be effective and relatively safe agents capable of producing rapid and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression. Moreover, the findings of the present analysis suggest that they may show a greater efficacy when given to patients over multiple sessions as compared to the more common single session used in many of the existing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Leger
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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Misztak P, Sowa-Kućma M, Pańczyszyn-Trzewik P, Szewczyk B, Nowak G. Antidepressant-like Effects of Combined Fluoxetine and Zinc Treatment in Mice Exposed to Chronic Restraint Stress Are Related to Modulation of Histone Deacetylase. Molecules 2021; 27:22. [PMID: 35011254 PMCID: PMC8746513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is the key factor contributing to the development of depressive symptoms. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) is well validated and is one of the most commonly used models to induce depressive-like behavior in rodents. The present study aimed to evaluate whether fluoxetine (FLU 5 mg/kg) and zinc (Zn 10mg/kg) given simultaneously induce a more pronounced antidepressant-like effect in the CRS model than both those compounds given alone. Behavioral assessment was performed using the tail suspension and splash tests (TST and ST, respectively). Furthermore, the effects of CRS, FLU and Zn given alone and combined treatment with FLU + Zn on the expression of proteins involved in the apoptotic, inflammatory, and epigenetic processes were evaluated in selected brain structures (prefrontal cortex, PFC; and hippocampus, Hp) using Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results obtained indicated that three hours (per day) of immobilization for 4 weeks induced prominent depressive symptoms that manifested as increased immobility time in the TST, as well as decreased number and grooming time in the ST. Behavioral changes induced by CRS were reversed by both FLU (5 and 10 mg/kg) or Zn (10 mg/kg). Zinc supplementation (10 mg/kg) slightly increases the effectiveness of FLU (5 mg/kg) in the TST. However, it significantly increased the activity of FLU in the ST compared to the effect induced by FLU and Zn alone. Biochemical studies revealed that neither CRS nor FLU and Zn given alone or in combined treatment alter the expression of proteins involved in apoptotic or inflammatory processes. CRS induced major alterations in histone deacetylase (HDAC) levels by increasing the level of HADC1 and decreasing the level of HADC4 in the PFC and Hp, decreasing the level of HADC6 in the PFC but increasing it in Hp. Interestingly, FLU + Zn treatment reversed CRS-induced changes in HDAC levels in the Hp, indicating that HDAC modulation is linked to FLU + Zn treatment and this effect is structure-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misztak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-668 Krakow, Poland; (G.N.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sowa-Kućma
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (P.P.-T.)
| | - Patrycja Pańczyszyn-Trzewik
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (P.P.-T.)
| | - Bernadeta Szewczyk
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-668 Krakow, Poland; (G.N.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
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18
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Bijani S, Dizaji R, Sharafi A, Hosseini MJ. Neuroprotective Effect of Apigenin on Depressive-Like Behavior: Mechanistic Approach. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:644-655. [PMID: 34705188 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apigenin, as a natural flavonoid present in several plants is characterized with potential anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies proposed that apigenin affects depression disorder through unknown mechanistic pathways. The effects of apigenin's anti-depressive properties on streptozocin-mediated depression have been investigated through the evaluation of behavioral tests, oxidative stress, cellular energy homeostasis and inflammatory responses. The results demonstrated anti-depressive properties of apigenin in behavioral test including forced swimming and splash tests and oxidative stress biomarkers such as reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant power and coenzyme Q10 levels. Apigenin, also, demonstrated its regulatory potency in cellular energy homeostasis and immune system gene expression through inhibiting Nlrp3 and Tlr4 overexpression. Furthermore, failure in energy production as the key factor in various psychiatric disorders was reversed by apigenin modulating effect on AMPK gene expression. Overall, 20 mg/kg of apigenin was recognized as the dose suitable for minimizing the undesirable adverse effects in the STZ-mediated depression model proposed in this study. Our data suggested that apigenin could be able to adjust behavioral dysfunction, biochemical biomarkers and recovered cellular antioxidant level in depressed animals. The surprising results were achieved by raise in COQ10 level, which could regulate the overexpression of the AMPK gene in stressful conditions. The regulatory effect of apigenin in inflammatory signaling pathways such as Nlrp3, and Tlr4 gene expression was studied at the surface part of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Bijani
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Rana Dizaji
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Sharafi
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
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Hembram M, Chaudhury S. Treatment Resistant Depression. EASTERN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2021; 13:77-95. [DOI: 10.5005/ejp-13-1--2-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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20
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PCOS and Depression: Common Links and Potential Targets. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:3106-3123. [PMID: 34642910 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00765-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder that occurs during the reproductive age in females. It manifests in the form of a wide range of symptoms including (but not limited to) hirsutism, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, obesity, acne vulgaris, infertility, alopecia, and insulin resistance. The incidence of depression in PCOS population is increasing as compared to the general population. Increased depression in PCOS significantly alters the quality of life (QOL) of affected females. Also, self-esteem is found to be low in both depression and PCOS. The loss in self-esteem in such patients can be largely attributed to the associated factors including (but not limited to) obesity, acne, androgenic alopecia, and hirsutism. The reason behind the occurrence of depression in PCOS remains elusive to date. Literature suggests that there is an overlap of clinical symptoms between depression and PCOS. As the symptoms overlap, there is a possibility of common associations between depression, PCOS, and PCOS-associated abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, CVD, and androgen excess. Studies demonstrate that depression is an inflammatory disorder marked with increased levels of inflammatory markers. On the other hand, PCOS is also regarded as a pro-inflammatory state that is characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory markers. Thus, there is a possibility of an inflammatory relationship existing between depression and PCOS. It is also possible that the inflammatory markers in PCOS can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading to the development of depression. Through the present review, we have attempted to shed light on common associations/shared links between depression and PCOS with respect to the levels of cortisol, androgen, vitamin D, neurotransmitters, monoaminoxidase (MAO), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Tracking down common associations between depression and PCOS will help find potential drug therapies and improve the QOL of females with depression in PCOS.
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21
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Vargas MV, Meyer R, Avanes AA, Rus M, Olson DE. Psychedelics and Other Psychoplastogens for Treating Mental Illness. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:727117. [PMID: 34671279 PMCID: PMC8520991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychedelics have inspired new hope for treating brain disorders, as they seem to be unlike any treatments currently available. Not only do they produce sustained therapeutic effects following a single administration, they also appear to have broad therapeutic potential, demonstrating efficacy for treating depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorder, and alcohol use disorder, among others. Psychedelics belong to a more general class of compounds known as psychoplastogens, which robustly promote structural and functional neural plasticity in key circuits relevant to brain health. Here we discuss the importance of structural plasticity in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as the evidence demonstrating that psychedelics are among the most effective chemical modulators of neural plasticity studied to date. Furthermore, we provide a theoretical framework with the potential to explain why psychedelic compounds produce long-lasting therapeutic effects across a wide range of brain disorders. Despite their promise as broadly efficacious neurotherapeutics, there are several issues associated with psychedelic-based medicines that drastically limit their clinical scalability. We discuss these challenges and how they might be overcome through the development of non-hallucinogenic psychoplastogens. The clinical use of psychedelics and other psychoplastogenic compounds marks a paradigm shift in neuropsychiatry toward therapeutic approaches relying on the selective modulation of neural circuits with small molecule drugs. Psychoplastogen research brings us one step closer to actually curing mental illness by rectifying the underlying pathophysiology of disorders like depression, moving beyond simply treating disease symptoms. However, determining how to most effectively deploy psychoplastogenic medicines at scale will be an important consideration as the field moves forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxemiliano V. Vargas
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Retsina Meyer
- Delix Therapeutics, Inc., Concord, MA, United States
| | - Arabo A. Avanes
- Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mark Rus
- Delix Therapeutics, Inc., Concord, MA, United States
| | - David E. Olson
- Delix Therapeutics, Inc., Concord, MA, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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22
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Schroder JD, de Araújo JB, de Oliveira T, de Moura AB, Fries GR, Quevedo J, Réus GZ, Ignácio ZM. Telomeres: the role of shortening and senescence in major depressive disorder and its therapeutic implications. Rev Neurosci 2021; 33:227-255. [PMID: 34388328 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders, with a large number of patients not showing an effective therapeutic response to available treatments. Several biopsychosocial factors, such as stress in childhood and throughout life, and factors related to biological aging, may increase the susceptibility to MDD development. Included in critical biological processes related to aging and underlying biological mechanisms associated with MDD is the shortening of telomeres and changes in telomerase activity. This comprehensive review discusses studies that assessed the length of telomeres or telomerase activity and function in peripheral blood cells and brain tissues of MDD individuals. Also, results from in vitro protocols and animal models of stress and depressive-like behaviors were included. We also expand our discussion to include the role of telomere biology as it relates to other relevant biological mechanisms, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, inflammation, genetics, and epigenetic changes. In the text and the discussion, conflicting results in the literature were observed, especially considering the size of telomeres in the central nervous system, on which there are different protocols with divergent results in the literature. Finally, the context of this review is considering cell signaling, transcription factors, and neurotransmission, which are involved in MDD and can be underlying to senescence, telomere shortening, and telomerase functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Daniela Schroder
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julia Beatrice de Araújo
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tacio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Airam Barbosa de Moura
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Zuleide Maria Ignácio
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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23
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Li C, Meng F, Lei Y, Liu J, Liu J, Zhang J, Liu F, Liu C, Guo M, Lu XY. Leptin regulates exon-specific transcription of the Bdnf gene via epigenetic modifications mediated by an AKT/p300 HAT cascade. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3701-3722. [PMID: 33106599 PMCID: PMC8550971 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with pleiotropic functions affecting appetite and mood. While leptin's role in the regulation of appetite has been extensively studied in hypothalamic neurons, its function in the hippocampus, where it regulates mood-related behaviors, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the leptin receptor (LepRb) colocalizes with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key player in the pathophysiology of major depression and the action of antidepressants, in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Leptin treatment increases, whereas deficiency of leptin or leptin receptors decreases, total Bdnf mRNA levels, with distinct expression profiles of specific exons, in the hippocampus. Epigenetic analyses reveal that histone modifications, but not DNA methylation, underlie exon-specific transcription of the Bdnf gene induced by leptin. This is mediated by stimulation of AKT signaling, which in turn activates histone acetyltransferase p300 (p300 HAT), leading to changes in histone H3 acetylation and methylation at specific Bdnf promoters. Furthermore, deletion of Bdnf in the dentate gyrus, or specifically in LepRb-expressing neurons, abolishes the antidepressant-like effects of leptin. These findings indicate that leptin, acting via an AKT-p300 HAT epigenetic cascade, induces exon-specific Bdnf expression, which in turn is indispensable for leptin-induced antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China.
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Fantao Meng
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Lei
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xin-Yun Lu
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Sall S, Thompson W, Santos A, Dwyer DS. Analysis of Major Depression Risk Genes Reveals Evolutionary Conservation, Shared Phenotypes, and Extensive Genetic Interactions. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:698029. [PMID: 34335334 PMCID: PMC8319724 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.698029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects around 15% of the population at some stage in their lifetime. It can be gravely disabling and it is associated with increased risk of suicide. Genetics play an important role; however, there are additional environmental contributions to the pathogenesis. A number of possible risk genes that increase liability for developing symptoms of MDD have been identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The goal of this study was to characterize the MDD risk genes with respect to the degree of evolutionary conservation in simpler model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and zebrafish, the phenotypes associated with variation in these genes and the extent of network connectivity. The MDD risk genes showed higher conservation in C. elegans and zebrafish than genome-to-genome comparisons. In addition, there were recurring themes among the phenotypes associated with variation of these risk genes in C. elegans. The phenotype analysis revealed enrichment for essential genes with pleiotropic effects. Moreover, the MDD risk genes participated in more interactions with each other than did randomly-selected genes from similar-sized gene sets. Syntenic blocks of risk genes with common functional activities were also identified. By characterizing evolutionarily-conserved counterparts to the MDD risk genes, we have gained new insights into pathogenetic processes relevant to the emergence of depressive symptoms in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveen Sall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Willie Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Aurianna Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Donard S. Dwyer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Almulla AYH, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Dasdelen D. Learning, Neurogenesis, and Effects of Flavonoids on Learning. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:355-364. [PMID: 34238155 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210707120719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Learning and memory are two of our mind's most magical abilities. Different brain regions have roles in processing and storing different types of memories. The hippocampus is the part of the brain responsible for receiving information and storing it in the neocortex. One of the most impressive characteristics of the hippocampus is its capacity for neurogenesis, which is a process in which new neurons are produced and then transformed into mature neurons and finally integrated into neural circuits. The neurogenesis process in the hippocampus, an example of neuroplasticity in the adult brain, is believed to aid hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. New neurons are constantly produced in the hippocampus and integrated into the pre-existing neuronal network; this allows old memories already stored in the neocortex to be removed from the hippocampus and replaced with new ones. Factors affecting neurogenesis in the hippocampus may also affect hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. The flavonoids can particularly exert powerful actions in mammalian cognition and improve hippocampal-dependent learning and memory by positively affecting hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Selcuk University, Medical School Department of Physiology, 42075, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Dervis Dasdelen
- Selcuk University, Medical School Department of Physiology, 42075, Konya, Turkey
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26
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Jafari F, Mohammadi H, Amani R. The effect of zinc supplementation on brain derived neurotrophic factor: A meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126753. [PMID: 33831797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc in one of the most abundant trace minerals in human body which is involved in numerous biological pathways and has variety of roles in the nervous system. It has been assumed that zinc exerts its role in nervous system through increasing brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. OBJECTIVES Present meta-analysis was aimed to review the effect of zinc supplementation on serum concentrations of BDNF. METHODS AND MATERIALS Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase) were searched for identifying studies that examined BDNF levels prior and after zinc supplementation up to May 2020. According to the Cochrane guideline, a meta-analysis was performed to pool the effect size estimate (Hedges' test) of serum BDNF across studies. Risk of publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. RESULTS Five studies were eligible and 238 participants were included. These studies enrolled subjects with premenstrual syndrome, diabetic retinopathy, major depression disorder, overweight/obese and obese with mild to moderate depressive disorders. Zinc supplementation failed to increase blood BDNF concentrations with effect size of 0.30 (95 % CI: -0.08, 0.67, P = 0.119). Funnel plot did not suggest publication bias. CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation may not significantly increase BDNF levels. However, the small number of included articles and significant heterogeneity between them can increase the risk of a false negative result; therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jafari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Cheng R, Xu W, Wang J, Tang Z, Zhang M. The outer membrane protein Amuc_1100 of Akkermansia muciniphila alleviates the depression-like behavior of depressed mice induced by chronic stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:170-176. [PMID: 34129964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a symbiotic intestinal bacterium with a high medicinal value. Amuc_1100 is the outer membrane protein of A. muciniphila and plays an important role in the interaction between A. muciniphila and its host. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant activity of Amuc_1100 in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model. Amuc_1100 intervention ameliorated CUMS-induced depression-like behavior and CUMS-induced down-regulation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or simply, 5-HT) in the serum and colon of mice. Microbial analysis of mouse feces showed that Amuc_1100 could improve the gut microbiota dysregulation induced by CUMS. In addition, Amuc_1100 intervention could also improve the down-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inflammation in the hippocampus induced by CUMS. These results suggest that Amuc_1100 has a good antidepressant effect, and the mechanism may be related to the improvement of gut microbiota, the up-regulation of the BDNF level, and the inhibition of the neuroinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Junchao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Zhengquan Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
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Detka J, Głombik K. Insights into a possible role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of depression. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1020-1032. [PMID: 34003475 PMCID: PMC8413152 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder and one of the major health concerns in modern society. Moreover, it is characterized by a high prevalence of coexistence with many other diseases including metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Currently used antidepressant drugs, which mostly target brain monoaminergic neurotransmission, have limited clinical efficacy. Although the etiology of depression has not been fully elucidated, current scientific data emphasize the role of neurotrophic factors deficiencies, disturbed homeostasis between the nervous system and the immune and endocrine systems, as well as disturbances in brain energy metabolism and dysfunctions in the gut-brain axis as important factors in the pathogenesis of this neuropsychiatric disorder. Therefore, therapeutic options that could work in a way other than classic antidepressants are being sought to increase the effectiveness of the treatment. Interestingly, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), used in the treatment of T2DM and obesity, are known to show pro-cognitive and neuroprotective properties, and exert modulatory effects on immune, endocrine and metabolic processes in the central nervous system. This review article discusses the potential antidepressant effects of GLP-1RAs, especially in the context of their action on the processes related to neuroprotection, inflammation, stress response, energy metabolism, gut-brain crosstalk and the stability of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Detka
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Głombik
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Cracow, Poland
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Kenwood MM, Kalin NH. Nonhuman Primate Models to Explore Mechanisms Underlying Early-Life Temperamental Anxiety. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:659-671. [PMID: 33229035 PMCID: PMC7952470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, causing significant suffering and disability. Behavioral inhibition is a temperament that is linked to an increased risk for the later development of anxiety disorders and other stress-related psychopathology, and understanding the neural systems underlying this dispositional risk could provide insight into novel treatment targets for anxiety disorders. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) have anxiety-related temperaments that are similar to those of humans with behavioral inhibition, facilitating the design of translational models related to human psychopathology. Characterization of our NHP model of behavioral inhibition, which we term anxious temperament (AT), reveals that it is trait-like. Exploration of the neural substrates of AT in NHPs has revealed a distributed neural circuit that is linked to individual differences in AT, which includes the dorsal amygdala. AT-related metabolism in the dorsal amygdala, including the central nucleus, is stable across time and can be detected even in safe contexts, suggesting that AT has trait-like neural signatures within the brain. The use of lesioning and novel chemogenetic methods allows for mechanistic perturbation of the amygdala to determine its causal contribution to AT. Studies characterizing the molecular bases for individual differences in AT in the dorsal amygdala, which take advantage of novel methods for probing cellular and molecular systems, suggest involvement of neurotrophic systems, which point to the importance of neuroplasticity in AT. These novel methods, when used in combination with translational NHP models such as AT, promise to provide insights into the brain systems underlying the early risk for anxiety disorder development.
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Zheng W, Zhou YL, Wang CY, Lan XF, Zhang B, Zhou SM, Yan S, Ning YP. Plasma BDNF concentrations and the antidepressant effects of six ketamine infusions in unipolar and bipolar depression. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10989. [PMID: 33850645 PMCID: PMC8015784 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Accumulating evidence has implicated that brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression, but its correlation with ketamine's antidepressant efficacy focusing on Chinese individuals with depression is not known. This study was aim to determine the correlation of plasma BDNF (pBDNF) concentrations and ketamine's antidepressant efficacy. Methods Ninety-four individuals with depression received six intravenous infusions ketamine (0.5 mg/kg). Remission and response were defined as Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores less than 10 and a reduction of 50% or more in MADRS scores, respectively. Plasma was collected at baseline and at 24 h and 2 weeks after completing six ketamine infusions (baseline, 13 d and 26 d). Results A significant improvement in MADRS scores and pBDNF concentrations was found after completing six ketamine infusions compared to baseline (all ps < 0.05). Higher baseline pBDNF concentrations were found in ketamine responders/remitters (11.0 ± 6.2/10.1 ± 5.8 ng/ml) than nonresponders/nonremitters (8.0 ± 5.5/9.2 ± 6.4 ng/ml) (all ps < 0.05). Baseline pBDNF concentrations were correlated with MADRS scores at 13 d (t = - 2.011, p = 0.047) or 26 d (t = - 2.398, p = 0.019) in depressed patients (all ps < 0.05). Subgroup analyses found similar results in individuals suffering from treatment refractory depression. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that baseline pBDNF concentrations appeared to be correlated with ketamine's antidepressant efficacy in Chinese patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhou
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Wang
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Lan
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Miao Zhou
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Su Yan
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ping Ning
- Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Psychiatry, The first School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Natural Molecules and Neuroprotection: Kynurenic Acid, Pantethine and α-Lipoic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010403. [PMID: 33401674 PMCID: PMC7795784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases has increased greatly worldwide due to the rise in life expectancy. In spite of notable development in the understanding of these disorders, there has been limited success in the development of neuroprotective agents that can slow the progression of the disease and prevent neuronal death. Some natural products and molecules are very promising neuroprotective agents because of their structural diversity and wide variety of biological activities. In addition to their neuroprotective effect, they are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects and often serve as a starting point for drug discovery. In this review, the following natural molecules are discussed: firstly, kynurenic acid, the main neuroprotective agent formed via the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, as it is known mainly for its role in glutamate excitotoxicity, secondly, the dietary supplement pantethine, that is many sided, well tolerated and safe, and the third molecule, α-lipoic acid is a universal antioxidant. As a conclusion, because of their beneficial properties, these molecules are potential candidates for neuroprotective therapies suitable in managing neurodegenerative diseases.
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Understanding the effects of chronic benzodiazepine use in depression: a focus on neuropharmacology. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2020; 35:243-253. [PMID: 32459725 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed on an ongoing basis to individuals with depression, mainly to alleviate anxiety or insomnia, despite current guideline recommendations that continuous use should not exceed 4 weeks. Currently, there are no efficacy trials published beyond 8 weeks. Several antidepressant trials demonstrate that the concomitant use of a benzodiazepine is associated with poorer depressive outcomes and functional status; however, it is unclear why this is the case. Patients with depression receiving a benzodiazepine may reflect a more ill or high anxiety group, although even within anxiety disorders, the use of a benzodiazepine is associated with poorer outcomes. The neuroadaptive consequences of long-term benzodiazepine use may be a factor underlying these findings. Chronic benzodiazepine use results in decreased gamma-aminobutyric acid and monoaminergic function, as well as interference with neurogenesis, which are all purported to play a role in antidepressant efficacy. This review will discuss the oppositional neuropharmacological interactions between chronic benzodiazepine use and antidepressant mechanism of action, which could result in reduced antidepressant efficacy and function in depression.
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Imipramine Influences Body Distribution of Supplemental Zinc Which May Enhance Antidepressant Action. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092529. [PMID: 32825449 PMCID: PMC7551732 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) was found to enhance the antidepressant efficacy of imipramine (IMI) in human depression and animal tests/models of depression. However, the underlying mechanism for this effect remains unknown. We measured the effect of intragastric (p.o.) combined administration of IMI (60 mg/kg) and Zn (40 mg Zn/kg) in the forced swim test (FST) in mice. The effect of Zn + IMI on serum, brain, and intestinal Zn concentrations; Zn transporter (ZnT, ZIP) protein levels in the intestine and ZnT in the brain; including BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) protein levels in the brain were evaluated. Finally, the effect of IMI on Zn permeability was measured in vitro in colon epithelial Caco-2 cells. The co-administration of IMI and Zn induced antidepressant-like activity in the FST in mice compared to controls and Zn or IMI given alone. This effect correlated with increased BDNF and the ratio of pCREB/CREB protein levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) compared to the control group. Zn + IMI co-treatment increased Zn concentrations in the serum and brain compared to the control group. However, in serum, co-administration of IMI and Zn decreased Zn concentration compared to Zn alone treatment. Also, there was a reduction in the Zn-induced enhancement of ZnT1 protein level in the small intestine. Zn + IMI also induced an increase in the ZnT4 protein level in the PFC compared to the control group and normalized the Zn-induced decrease in the ZnT1 protein level in the hippocampus (Hp). The in vitro studies revealed enhanced Zn permeability (observed as the increased transfer of Zn through the intestinal cell membrane) after IMI treatment. Our data indicate that IMI enhances Zn transfer through the intestinal tract and influences the redistribution of Zn between the blood and brain. These mechanisms might explain the enhanced antidepressant efficacy of combined IMI/Zn treatment observed in the FST in mice.
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Levada OA, Troyan AS, Pinchuk IY. Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 as a potential marker for MDD diagnosis, its clinical characteristics, and treatment efficacy validation: data from an open-label vortioxetine study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:208. [PMID: 32384884 PMCID: PMC7206727 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IGF-1 is an essential neurotrophin produced peripherally and in the brain. Impairments in the brain IGF-1 concentrations might be responsible for some aspects of major depressive disorder (MDD) pathogenesis, whereas peripheral IGF-1 could have the marker value. We aimed: 1) to compare serum IGF-1 levels in MDD patients and healthy controls (HC); 2) to elucidate possible associations between changes in IGF-1 expression and crucial characteristics of the current depressive episode, MDD course; 3) to evaluate IGF-1 dynamics after 8 weeks` vortioxetine treatment. METHODS Seventy-eight MDD patients (according to DSM-5) and 47 HC were enrolled. Serum IGF-1, psychopathological (MADRS, CGI) and neuropsychological parameters (PDQ-5, RAVLT, TMT-B, DSST) were analyzed in all subjects at admission and 48 patients after 8 weeks` vortioxetine treatment. AUC-ROCs were calculated to determine if the value of serum IGF-1 could separate MDD patients from HC. Multiple regression models were performed to explore relationships between IGF-1 and depressive episode's symptoms. RESULTS MDD patients had significantly higher serum IGF-1 levels than HC (228 (183-312) ng/ml vs 153 (129-186) ng/ml, p < 0.0001). IGF-1 had a good diagnostic value for predicting MDD in the whole sample with AUC of 0.820 (p < 0.0001). For a cutoff of 178.00 ng/ml, the sensitivity and specificity were 83 and 71%, respectively, and the number needed to misdiagnose was 5, indicating that only 1 of 5 tests give an invalid result. Among MADRS items, only reported sadness, inner tension, and concentration difficulties were significantly positively associated with serum IGF-1 concentrations. Vortioxetine treatment significantly attenuated IGF-1 levels and improved all psychopathological, neuropsychological parameters. CONCLUSIONS Significant associations between IGF-1 levels and hypothymia, anxiety, and cognitive disturbances may indicate a pathogenic role of IGF-1 for the mentioned symptoms. We assume that the activity of the cerebral-hepatic axis increases in response to insufficient IGF-1 brain expression in MDD patients, whereas, vortioxetine treatment restores cerebral IGF-1 concentrations and, consequently, decreases its compensatory production by the liver. TRIAL REGISTRATION registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03187093). First posted on 14th June 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A. Levada
- State Institution “Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, 20 Winter Boulevard, Zaporizhzhia, 69096 Ukraine
| | - Alexandra S. Troyan
- State Institution “Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, 20 Winter Boulevard, Zaporizhzhia, 69096 Ukraine
| | - Irina Y. Pinchuk
- grid.34555.320000 0004 0385 8248Institute of Psychiatry of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymirskaya Street, Kyiv, 01033 Ukraine
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Li YF. A hypothesis of monoamine (5-HT) – Glutamate/GABA long neural circuit: Aiming for fast-onset antidepressant discovery. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 208:107494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Hormonal Dynamics Effect of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Cortisol/Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Ratio on Symptom Severity of Major Depressive Disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2020; 39:367-371. [PMID: 31211752 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a neurotrophic factor produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic axis and is considered a potential contributor to the pathology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Although it is known that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cortisol are involved in the pathology of MDD, the association with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) remains unclear. The current study sought to clarify the relationship between these hormones and the pathology of MDD. METHODS Subjects were 91 Japanese patients with a diagnosis of MDD. Serum IGF-I, cortisol, and DHEAS were measured. Samples were taken before breakfast after overnight fasting. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). RESULTS Subjects included 59 men and 32 women with an average age of 44.1 ± 13.1 years (mean ± SD). The blood IGF-I level was 152.0 ± 50.0 ng/mL, the cortisol level was 10.1 ± 4.6, and the DHEAS level was 201.3 ± 112.7 μg/dL. The mean HAM-D score was 13.9 ± 9.0. Serum IGF-I levels were not correlated with cortisol. Higher IGF-I, cortisol, and cortisol/DHEAS ratios were associated with higher HAM-D scores (adjusted R = 0.240, P < 0.001), and higher IGF-I and cortisol were associated with higher melancholic or suicide subscores (adjusted R = 0.200, P < 0.001; adjusted R = 0.273, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that hormonal dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic axes may be related to the symptom severity of MDD, melancholia, and suicide-related factors.
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Guan L, Yu WS, Shrestha S, Or YZ, Lufkin T, Chan YS, Lin VCL, Lim LW. TTC9A deficiency induces estradiol-mediated changes in hippocampus and amygdala neuroplasticity-related gene expressions in female mice. Brain Res Bull 2020; 157:162-168. [PMID: 32057953 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9A (TTC9A) deficiency in anxiety-like responses and behavioral despair through estradiol action on the serotonergic system has been reported. Emerging evidence suggests that estradiol is a potent modulator of neuroplasticity. As estradiol and neuroplasticity changes are both implicated in mood regulation, and estradiol activity is negatively regulated by TTC9A, we hypothesized that the behavioral changes induced by Ttc9a-/- is also mediated by neuroplasticity-related mechanisms. To understand the effects of TTC9A and estradiol modulation on neuroplasticity functions, we performed a behavioral analysis of tail suspension immobility and neuroplasticity-related gene expression study of brain samples collected in a previous study involving ovariectomized (OVX) Ttc9a-/- mice with estradiol or vehicle treatment. We observed that OVX-Ttc9a-/- mice had significantly reduced the tail suspension immobility compared to OVX-Ttc9a-/- estradiol-treated mice. Interestingly, there was an upregulation in gene expression of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (Trkb) in the ventral hippocampus, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and postsynaptic density protein-95 (Psd-95) in the amygdala of OVX-Ttc9a-/- mice compared to those treated with estradiol. These findings indicate that estradiol plays an inhibitory role in neuroplasticity in Ttc9a-/- mice. These observations were not found in the wildtype mice, as the presence of TTC9A suppressed the effects of estradiol. Our data suggest the behavioral alterations in Ttc9a-/- mice were mediated by estradiol regulation involving neuroplasticity-related mechanisms in both the hippocampus and amygdala regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Physiology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wing Shan Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Yu Zuan Or
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Thomas Lufkin
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, United States
| | - Ying-Shing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | | | - Lee Wei Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Troyan AS, Levada OA. The Diagnostic Value of the Combination of Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 for Major Depressive Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Efficacy. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:800. [PMID: 32922315 PMCID: PMC7457028 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Last decades of psychiatric investigations have been marked by a search for biological markers that can clarify etiology and pathogenesis, confirm the diagnosis, screen individuals at risk, define the severity, and predict the course of mental disorders. In our study, we aimed to evaluate if BDNF and IGF-1 serum concentrations separately and in combination might be used as biomarkers for major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis and treatment efficacy and to evaluate the relationships among those proteins and clinical parameters of MDD. METHODS Forty-one MDD patients (according to DSM-5) and 32 healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. BDNF and IGF-1 serum concentrations, psychopathological (MADRS, CGI) and neuropsychological parameters (PDQ-5, RAVLT, TMT-B, DSST), functioning according to Sheehan Disability Scale were analyzed in all subjects at admission and 30 MDD patients after 8 weeks of vortioxetine treatment. Correlational analyses were performed to explore relationships between BDNF and IGF-1 and clinical characteristics. AUC-ROCs were calculated to determine if the value of serum BDNF and IGF-1 levels could serve for MDD diagnosis. RESULTS MDD patients had significantly lower serum BDNF (727.6 ± 87.9 pg/ml vs. 853.0 ± 93.9 pg/ml) and higher serum IGF-1 levels (289.15 ± 125.3 ng/ml vs. 170.2 ± 58.2 ng/ml) compared to HC. Significant correlations were obtained between BDNF levels and MDD status, depressive episode (DE) severity, precipitating factors, executive functions disruption (TMT-B, RAVLT immediate recall scores) and all subdomains of functioning. As for IGF-1, correlations were found between IGF-1 level and MDD status, DE severity, number and duration of DE, parameters of subjective and objective cognitive functioning (PDQ-5, RAVLT, TMT-B, DSST scores), and all subdomains of functioning. The associations between IGF-1 concentrations and cognitive tests' performance were stronger than those of BDNF. Separately both BDNF and IGF-1 demonstrated good discriminating ability for MDD diagnosis with AUC of 0.840 and 0.824, respectively. However, the combination of those neurotrophins had excellent diagnostic power to discriminate MDD patients from HC, providing an AUC of 0.916. Vortioxetine treatment significantly increased BDNF and attenuated IGF-1 serum concentrations, improved all psychopathological and neuropsychological parameters and functioning. CONCLUSIONS The combination of IGF-1 and BDNF might be considered as a diagnostic combination for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Troyan
- Psychiatry Course, State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Oleg A Levada
- Psychiatry Course, State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
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Zheng W, Zhou YL, Wang CY, Lan XF, Zhang B, Zhou SM, Yan S, Yang MZ, Nie S, Ning YP. Association between plasma levels of BDNF and the antisuicidal effects of repeated ketamine infusions in depression with suicidal ideation. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020; 10:2045125320973794. [PMID: 33282177 PMCID: PMC7692352 DOI: 10.1177/2045125320973794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is the first to examine the association between plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the antisuicidal effects of repeated ketamine infusions in depressed patients with suicidal ideation. METHODS Fifty-seven depressed patients with suicidal ideation received six ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg) during a 12 days period. Suicidality was measured with the Scale for Suicidal Ideations (SSI-part 1), item 10 of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and item 3 of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) at baseline, 1 day after the first infusion (1 day), 1 day after the sixth infusion (13 days), and at 2 weeks after the last infusion (26 days). Plasma levels of BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline, 13 days, and 26 days. RESULTS Overall, 46 (80.7%) depressed patients with suicidal ideation had an antisuicidal response at 13 days. Despite a significant reduction in suicidal symptoms over time, no changes in plasma levels of BDNF were found after ketamine treatment when compared with baseline. Correlation analysis showed that no significant association was observed between the plasma levels of BDNF and the changes in the severity of suicidal symptoms as measured by SSI-part 1, item 10 of the MADRS, or item 3 of the HAMD at 1 day, 13 days, and 26 days (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that plasma levels of BDNF may not serve as a biomarker for determining the antisuicidal effects of six ketamine infusions in depressed patients with suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Lan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Miao Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Su Yan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Yang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Nie
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, 510182, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Muttoni S, Ardissino M, John C. Classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2019; 258:11-24. [PMID: 31382100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders that carry significant morbidity. Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are used to manage these conditions, but their efficacy is limited. Recent interest into the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy using ayahuasca, psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may be a promising alternative for patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. This review aims to determine the efficacy and tolerability of psychedelics in the management of resistant depression. METHODS Clinical trials investigating psychedelics in patients with depression and/or anxiety were searched via MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO. Efficacy was assessed by measuring symptom improvement from baseline, and tolerability was evaluated by noting the incidence and type of adverse effects reported. Risk of bias was assessed. RESULTS Seven studies, with 130 patients, were analysed in this review. Three were conducted in patients with depression, two in patients with anxiety and two in patients with both. In a supportive setting, ayahuasca, psilocybin, and LSD consistently produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Psychedelics were well-tolerated. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure. LIMITATIONS At present, the number of studies on this subject is very limited; and the number of participating patients within these is also limited as the treatment under investigations is a relatively novel concept. CONCLUSIONS Though further evidence is required, psychedelics appear to be effective in significantly reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and are well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muttoni
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Ardissino
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Magill Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher John
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Bellozi PM, Pelição R, Santos MC, Lima IV, Saliba SW, Vieira ÉL, Campos AC, Teixeira AL, de Oliveira AC, Nakamura-Palacios EM, Rodrigues LC. URB597 ameliorates the deleterious effects induced by binge alcohol consumption in adolescent rats. Neurosci Lett 2019; 711:134408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dong SQ, Wang SS, Zhu JX, Mu RH, Li CF, Geng D, Liu Q, Yi LT. Oleanolic acid decreases SGK1 in the hippocampus in corticosterone-induced mice. Steroids 2019; 149:108419. [PMID: 31153932 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that oleanolic acid produced an antidepressant-like effect in mice exposed to chronic stress. Considering that serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (SGK1) is involved in stress response, the present study aimed to evaluate the involvement of SGK1 in the antidepressant-like effects of oleanolic acid in depression-like mice induced by long term corticosterone (CORT) injection. Behaviors, SGK1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream targets were assessed after administration with oleanolic for three weeks. The results indicated that oleanolic acid increased the sucrose preference and decreased the immobility time. In addition, oleanolic acid decreased SGK1 and activated BDNF-AKT/mTOR signaling in the hippocampus of CORT-induced animals. However, we found that GSK650394, an inhibitor of SGK1 did not exert any effects on the behaviors, GR levels and BDNF signaling. The number of spines in hippocampal neurons was not changed by GSK650394 as well. Taken together, this study demonstrated that oleanolic acid produced the antidepressant-like effects, which might be related to the down-regulation of SGK1. However, inhibition of SGK1 directly lacks the effects in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qi Dong
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Ji-Xiao Zhu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Rong-Hao Mu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Cheng-Fu Li
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen 361009, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Di Geng
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Li-Tao Yi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China.
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Chan SHW, Tsang HWH. The beneficial effects of Qigong on elderly depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 147:155-188. [PMID: 31607353 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Health Qigong, especially the Eight-Section Brocades (or Baduanjin), has been well established as an effective adjunct intervention to alleviate depressive symptoms of older adults. The easy to learn and safe format of health Qigong allows the promotion and employment by health care professionals to improve the physical and psychosocial wellness of older adults. The cultural relevance of Qigong practice enhances its popularity as a health maintenance practice in Chinese community. In general, the antidepressive effects of Qigong are put forward through psychosocial, physiological, and neurobiological mechanisms. More specific, the beneficial effects of Qigong can be further substantiated by findings of several research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny H W Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hector W H Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Antidepressant-like activity of hyperforin and changes in BDNF and zinc levels in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:112045. [PMID: 31220487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) - a rodent model of depression mimics a variety of neurochemical and behavioral alterations similar to those seen in human depression. This study evaluated the antidepressant activity of hyperforin in the CUMS model using fluoxetine (FLX) as a reference drug. The antidepressant-like effects of hyperforin and FLX were evaluated in the tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and splash test (SPT). CUMS induced an increase in immobility time in mice (pro-depressive effects) in the FST and TST. CUMS-induced changes were reversed by chronic treatment with hyperforin (2.5 and 5 mg/kg), as well as FLX (10 mg/kg). SPT results revealed a decrease in the frequency and duration of grooming in stressed mice. These effects were normalized by hyperforin (5 mg/kg) and FLX treatment. Hyperforin (2.5 mg/kg) only reversed the CUMS-induced deficits related to the frequency of grooming. CUMS also caused a decrease in zinc concentration in the frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (Hp) of mice; hyperforin (2.5 mg/kg) increased zinc concentration in the Hp of control rats. CUMS also induced a decrease in BDNF protein levels in the FC and Hp, while decreasing the pCREB/CREB ratio only in the Hp. Hyperforin (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reversed the CUMS-induced reduction of BDNF only in the Hp. Our results demonstrate the antidepressant-like activity of hyperforin in the CUMS model in mice and the possible involvement of hippocampal BDNF/zinc alterations in this activity.
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Thakare VN, Patil RR, Suralkar AA, Dhakane VD, Patel BM. Protocatechuic acid attenuate depressive-like behavior in olfactory bulbectomized rat model: behavioral and neurobiochemical investigations. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:775-787. [PMID: 30848471 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study is to investigate potential effects of PCA in OBX induced depressive-like behavior in rat model. PCA was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, by per oral in OBX and sham operated rats. Behavioral (ambulatory and rearing activity and immobility time), neurochemical [serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression], biochemical (MDA formation, IL-6, TNF-α and antioxidants) changes in hippocampus and cerebral cortex along with serum corticosterone were investigated. Experimental findings reveals that OBX subjected rats showed alteration in behaviors like, increase in immobility time, ambulatory and rearing behaviors significantly, reduced BDNF level, 5-HT, DA,NE and antioxidant parameters along with increased serum corticosterone, MDA formation, IL-6, and TNF-α in hippocampus and cerebral cortex compared to sham operated rats. Administration of PCA significantly attenuated behavioral and neurobiochemical alterations, thus, its antidepressant-like activity is largely mediated through modulation of neurotransmitter, endocrine and immunologic systems, mainly by improvements of BDNF, 5-HT, DA, NE, reduced MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α in hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu N Thakare
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Maharashtra, 410401, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India
| | - Rajesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Maharashtra, 410401, India
| | - Anupama A Suralkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Kondhawa, Pune, Maharashtra, 411048, India
| | - Valmik D Dhakane
- Research and Development, Astec Life Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
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The Role of Chemokines in the Pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092283. [PMID: 31075818 PMCID: PMC6539240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating condition, whose high prevalence and multisymptomatic nature set its standing as a leading contributor to global disability. To better understand this psychiatric disease, various pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, including changes in monoaminergic neurotransmission, imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory signaling in the brain, hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and abnormalities in normal neurogenesis. While previous findings led to a deeper understanding of the disease, the pathogenesis of MDD has not yet been elucidated. Accumulating evidence has confirmed the association between chronic inflammation and MDD, which is manifested by increased levels of the C-reactive protein, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin 6, and the Tumor necrosis factor alpha. Furthermore, recent findings have implicated a related family of cytokines with chemotactic properties, known collectively as chemokines, in many neuroimmune processes relevant to psychiatric disorders. Chemokines are small (8–12 kDa) chemotactic cytokines, which are known to play roles in direct chemotaxis induction, leukocyte and macrophage migration, and inflammatory response propagation. The inflammatory chemokines possess the ability to induce migration of immune cells to the infection site, whereas their homeostatic chemokine counterparts are responsible for recruiting cells for their repair and maintenance. To further support the role of chemokines as central elements to healthy bodily function, recent studies suggest that these proteins demonstrate novel, brain-specific mechanisms including the modulation of neuroendocrine functions, chemotaxis, cell adhesion, and neuroinflammation. Elevated levels of chemokines in patient-derived serum have been detected in individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Furthermore, despite the considerable heterogeneity of experimental samples and methodologies, existing biomarker studies have clearly demonstrated the important role of chemokines in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data from contemporary experimental and clinical studies, and to evaluate available evidence for the role of chemokines in the central nervous system (CNS) under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In light of recent results, chemokines could be considered as possible peripheral markers of psychiatric disorders, and/or targets for treating depressive disorders.
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Atrooz F, Salim S. Sleep deprivation, oxidative stress and inflammation. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 119:309-336. [PMID: 31997771 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adequate sleep is essential for normal brain function, especially during early life developmental stages as postnatal brain maturation occurs during the critical period of childhood and adolescence. Therefore, sleep disturbance and/or deficit during this period can have detrimental consequences. Many epidemiological and clinical studies have linked early life sleep disturbance with occurrence of later life behavioral and cognitive impairments. Role of oxidative stress and inflammation has been implicated in sleep deprivation-related impairments. This review article presents a detailed description of the current state of the literature on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Atrooz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Samina Salim
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Raber J, Arzy S, Bertolus JB, Depue B, Haas HE, Hofmann SG, Kangas M, Kensinger E, Lowry CA, Marusak HA, Minnier J, Mouly AM, Mühlberger A, Norrholm SD, Peltonen K, Pinna G, Rabinak C, Shiban Y, Soreq H, van der Kooij MA, Lowe L, Weingast LT, Yamashita P, Boutros SW. Current understanding of fear learning and memory in humans and animal models and the value of a linguistic approach for analyzing fear learning and memory in humans. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 105:136-177. [PMID: 30970272 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Fear is an emotion that serves as a driving factor in how organisms move through the world. In this review, we discuss the current understandings of the subjective experience of fear and the related biological processes involved in fear learning and memory. We first provide an overview of fear learning and memory in humans and animal models, encompassing the neurocircuitry and molecular mechanisms, the influence of genetic and environmental factors, and how fear learning paradigms have contributed to treatments for fear-related disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Current treatments as well as novel strategies, such as targeting the perisynaptic environment and use of virtual reality, are addressed. We review research on the subjective experience of fear and the role of autobiographical memory in fear-related disorders. We also discuss the gaps in our understanding of fear learning and memory, and the degree of consensus in the field. Lastly, the development of linguistic tools for assessments and treatment of fear learning and memory disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, and Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Shahar Arzy
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | | | - Brendan Depue
- Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haley E Haas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefan G Hofmann
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Kangas
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hilary A Marusak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jessica Minnier
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Mouly
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS-UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Andreas Mühlberger
- Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; PFH - Private University of Applied Sciences, Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Seth Davin Norrholm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kirsi Peltonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Graziano Pinna
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine Rabinak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Youssef Shiban
- Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; PFH - Private University of Applied Sciences, Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hermona Soreq
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science and The Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Michael A van der Kooij
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitatsmedizin der Johannes Guttenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Leah T Weingast
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula Yamashita
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sydney Weber Boutros
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Pavlov D, Bettendorff L, Gorlova A, Olkhovik A, Kalueff AV, Ponomarev ED, Inozemtsev A, Chekhonin V, Lesсh KP, Anthony DC, Strekalova T. Neuroinflammation and aberrant hippocampal plasticity in a mouse model of emotional stress evoked by exposure to ultrasound of alternating frequencies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 90:104-116. [PMID: 30472146 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emotional stress is a form of stress evoked by processing negative mental experience rather than an organic or physical disturbance and is a frequent cause of neuropsychiatric pathologies, including depression. Susceptibility to emotional stress is commonly regarded as a human-specific trait that is challenging to model in other species. Recently, we showed that a 3-week-long exposure to ultrasound of unpredictable alternating frequencies within the ranges of 20-25 kHz and 25-45 kHz can induce depression-like characteristics in laboratory mice and rats. In an anti-depressant sensitive manner, exposure decreases sucrose preference, elevates behavioural despair, increases aggression, and alters serotonin-related gene expression. To further investigate this paradigm, we studied depression/distress-associated markers of neuroinflammation, neuroplasticity, oxidative stress and the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) isoforms in the hippocampus of male mice. Stressed mice exhibited a decreased density of Ki67-positive and DCX-positive cells in the subgranular zone of hippocampus, and altered expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor TrkB, and anti-apoptotic protein kinase B phosphorylated at serine 473 (AktpSer473). The mice also exhibited increased densities of Iba-1-positive cells, increased oxidative stress, increased levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the hippocampus and plasma, and elevated activity of GSK-3 isoforms. Together, the results of our investigation have revealed that unpredictable alternating ultrasound evokes behavioural and molecular changes that are characteristic of the depressive syndrome and validates this new and simple method of modeling emotional stress in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Pavlov
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, Liège 4000, Belgium; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiiskaya str, 8, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, Liège 4000, Belgium; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Trubetskaya street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Olkhovik
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St.Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St.-Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Eugene D Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Anatoly Inozemtsev
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per 23, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesсh
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Trubetskaya street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, Wuerzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Daniel C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK.
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiiskaya str, 8, Moscow 125315, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Trubetskaya street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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Early Life Sleep Deprivation: Role of Oxido-Inflammatory Processes. Neuroscience 2019; 406:22-37. [PMID: 30826520 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The adverse consequences of early-life sleep deprivation on mental health are well recognized, yet many aspects remain unknown, therefore, animal studies can offer useful insights. Male Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal day (PND) 19 were subjected to sleep deprivation (SD) for 14 days (6-8 hours/day). Control (CON) rats were gently handled. Behavior tests were done on PND33, PND60 and PND90. SD rats exhibited anxiety-like behavior at PND33 and PND60, when compared to CON rats. Depression-like behavior was observed at PND90. Evaluation of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers revealed interesting results. Plasma 8-isoprostane and antioxidant defense enzymes; hemeoxygenase-1, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), were upregulated in SD rats at PND33 but not at PND90. PFC interleukin-6 protein expression was elevated at PND33 and PND90. PFC mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) and p-38 protein expression were upregulated at PND90. PFC expression of glutamate receptor subunits, post synaptic density protein (PSD-95), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), were significantly reduced in SD rats at PND33 and PND90. PFC brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) were reduced in SD rats at PND90. Our postulation is that SD by increasing PFC oxido-inflammation, negatively affects glutamate receptor subunits and PSD95 expression, which disrupts synapse formation and maturation, potentially causing anxiety-like behavior at PND33. Oxido-inflammation further results in MKP-1 and CaMKII-mediated blockade of ERK1/2 activation, which inhibits CREB dependent BDNF expression. This most likely disrupts neuronal circuit development, leading to depression-like behavior at PND90.
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