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Liu L, Li L, Li C, Wang H, Zhang X, Ren Q, Zhang H, Jin N, Li C, Zhao C. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LPJZ-658 Supplementation on the Production, Meat Quality, Intestinal Morphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broilers Chickens. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1549. [PMID: 37375050 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of L. plantarum LPJZ-658 on the production, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota of broilers. White-feathered broilers (1 day old, n = 600) were randomly assigned to two groups and raised for six weeks. The individuals in the LPJZ-658 group were supplemented with 2.6 × 109 cfu/g LPJZ-658. The growth performance, meat quality, intestinal epithelium morphology, and cecal microbiota were observed. The results showed that the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of broilers in the LPJZ-658 group were significantly improved. In addition, the LPJZ-658 groups had a higher thigh muscle (TM) yield, TM color, TMpH24h, breast muscle (BM) pH24h, and BM color24h, while the BM cooking loss was significantly lower than the CON group. Moreover, supplementation with LPJZ-658 increased ileum and cecum length, duodenum and ileum villus height, and ileum villus height/crypt depth ratio. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed the dietary LPJZ-658 supplementation modulated the diversity and composition of cecal microflora. At the phylum level, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, and Acidobacteriota were significantly higher. In addition, LPJZ-658 substantially decreased the genus relative abundances of Streptococcus, Veillonella, Neisseria, and Haemophilus compared with the CON group and facilitated the growth and colonization of beneficial cecal bacteria, such as OBacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Bacillus, and Akkermansia. It was concluded that LPJZ-658 supplementation significantly increased growth production, improved meat quality and intestinal status, and modulated the intestinal microbiota in the broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Letian Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Chunhua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Qingdan Ren
- Jilin Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010010, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
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Sapsuha Y, Hasan S, Nur A. Survivability of Lactobacillus plantarum in nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans Houtt) flesh extract and its effect on the performance of broiler chicken. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:42-50. [PMID: 37155539 PMCID: PMC10122939 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to see if increasing the concentration of nutmeg flesh extract in vitro could increase the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria and if it had any effect on broiler chicken performance. Materials and Methods Different concentrations of nutmeg flesh extract (5, 10, 15, and 20/100 ml distilled water) were combined with 10 ml L. plantarum (bacterial concentration 1 × 109 cfu/ml) to produce synbiotics. A total of 250 unsexed Lohmann broiler chickens were reared together from 0 to 7 days of age in the in vivo study. Beginning on day 8, synbiotics nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum were added to the ration in amounts of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 ml/kg for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, while no synbiotics were added to the control diet (T0). Results The levels of nutmeg flesh extract had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on L. plantarum growth. In the survival test against gastric acid, bile salts, and temperature, the addition of nutmeg flesh extract (20/100 ml distilled water) significantly (p < 0.05) maintained the population of L. plantarum. In vivo studies showed that the T1,T2,T3, and T4 groups gained more body weight (p < 0.05) than the T0 group during the rearing period but had no effect (p > 0.05) on the internal organ weight and carcass of broiler chickens. Conclusions Nutmeg flesh extract could stimulate the growth of L. plantarum bacteria, and using it as a synbiotic could improve broiler chicken performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusri Sapsuha
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Khairun, Ternate, Indonesia
| | - Said Hasan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Khairun, Ternate, Indonesia
| | - Amran Nur
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Universitas Khairun, Ternate, Indonesia
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Tran C, Horyanto D, Stanley D, Cock IE, Chen X, Feng Y. Antimicrobial Properties of Bacillus Probiotics as Animal Growth Promoters. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:407. [PMID: 36830317 PMCID: PMC9952206 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) suppress the growth of infectious pathogens. These pathogens negatively impact agricultural production worldwide and often cause health problems if left untreated. Here, we evaluate six Bacillus strains (BPR-11, BPR-12, BPR-13, BPR-14, BPR-16 and BPR-17), which are known for their ability to survive harsh environmental conditions, as AGP replacements in animal feed. Four of these Bacillus strains (BPR-11, BPR-14, BPR-16 and BPR-17) showed antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic strains Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at 25 μg/mL, with BPR-16 and BPR-17 also able to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica at 100 μg/mL. Further chemical investigation of BPR-17 led to the identification of eight metabolites, namely C16, C15, C14 and C13 surfactin C (1-4), maculosin (5), maculosine 2 (6), genistein (7) and daidzein (8). Purified compounds (1-4) were able to inhibit all the tested pathogens with MIC values ranging from 6.25 to 50 μg/mL. Maculosin (5) and maculosine 2 (6) inhibited C. perfringens, E. coli and S. aureus with an MIC of 25 μg/mL while genistein (7) and daidzein (8) showed no activity. An animal trial involving feeding BPR-11, BPR-16 and BPR-17 to a laboratory poultry model led to an increase in animal growth, and a decrease in feed conversion ratio and mortality. The presence of surfactin C analogues (3-4) in the gut following feeding with probiotics was confirmed using an LC-MS analysis. The investigation of these Bacillus probiotics, their metabolites, their impacts on animal performance indicators and their presence in the gastrointestinal system illustrates that these probiotics are effective alternatives to AGPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Tran
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Darwin Horyanto
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (D.H.); (D.S.)
- Bioproton Pty Ltd., Brisbane, QLD 4110, Australia;
| | - Dragana Stanley
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (D.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Ian E. Cock
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | | | - Yunjiang Feng
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
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Gharaibeh MH, Khalifeh MS, Nawasreh AN, Hananeh WM, Awawdeh MS. Assessment of Immune Response and Efficacy of Essential Oils Application on Controlling Necrotic Enteritis Induced by Clostridium perfringens in Broiler Chickens. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154527. [PMID: 34361680 PMCID: PMC8347024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important enteric diseases in poultry. The antibacterial activity of two different essential oil (EO) blends against C. perfringens was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the immunological response to EO treatment was assessed. In the in vitro study, the antibacterial activity of EO formulas and commonly used antibiotics was evaluated against C. perfringens using disk diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay. In the in vivo study, NE experimental infection was performed on 440 Ross broiler chicks at 19 days of age for 4 continuous days. The chicks were treated with either EOs or amoxicillin at 22 days of age for 5 continuous days. One day after the end of treatment, the birds’ performance was evaluated by calculating the feed conversion ratio. Serum samples from 120 birds were collected to measure the levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17. After that, all birds were slaughtered, and their small intestines were subjected to gross and histopathological evaluation. In addition, bacterial counts in the small intestines were evaluated. In the in vitro study, EOs showed higher antimicrobial activities in comparison with antibiotics against C. perfringens. In the in vivo study, birds treated with EOs showed a significant decrease in bacterial counts, a significant decrease in intestinal lesions, and a significant improvement in performance compared with untreated birds (p < 0.05). Moreover, treating birds with EOs directed the immune system toward an anti-inflammatory pathway. None of the treated birds died due to NE compared with the 10% mortality rate in untreated birds. In conclusion, EOs might be an effective and safe alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of chicken NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Gharaibeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.S.K.); (A.N.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +96-22-72-01000 (ext. 26768)
| | - Mohammad S. Khalifeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.S.K.); (A.N.N.)
| | - Adi N. Nawasreh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.S.K.); (A.N.N.)
| | - Wael M. Hananeh
- Department of Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (W.M.H.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Mofleh S. Awawdeh
- Department of Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (W.M.H.); (M.S.A.)
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Mohammed AA, Zaki RS, Negm EA, Mahmoud MA, Cheng HW. Effects of dietary supplementation of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) on bone mass and meat quality of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100906. [PMID: 33518351 PMCID: PMC7936156 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary probiotic supplement on bone mass and meat quality of broiler chickens. Two hundred ten 1-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were divided among 21 floor pens (10 chicks per pen). The pens were randomly distributed to 1 of 3 dietary treatments containing a probiotic, Bacillus subtilis, at 0 (control), 0.25 (0.25X), and 0.5 (0.5X) g/kg (n = 7). Gait score, footpad dermatitis (FPD), leg straightness, and hock burn (HB) were examined at day 33, and a latency-to-lie test was performed at day 34. At the end of the experiment (day 35), plasma, right leg, and litter samples were collected for mineral contents, meat quality, bone morphometric parameters, and litter quality assessments. The results indicated that probiotic-fed birds stood much longer during the latency-to-lie test with a greater tibial length, weight, and strength as well as higher plasma levels of calcium and phosphorus compared with the controls. In addition, probiotic-fed birds' leg muscle had higher color lightness at both 30 min and 5 h postmortem and greater water-holding capacity with a trend for less cooking loss (P = 0.056) and lower pH values (P < 0.05) at 5 h postmortem. Probiotic-fed birds' leg meat was tastier (P < 0.05) at 24 h after slaughter. These probiotic effects were greater in the 0.5X group than in the 0.25X group. There were no treatment effects on other measured parameters including gait score, HB, FPD, tibial lateral and medial wall thickness, diaphysis and medullary canal diameters, robusticity and tibiotarsal indexes, plasma magnesium concentrations, and litter moisture and pH values (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that the probiotic supplement could be a useful management tool for improving broiler production and welfare by enhanced bone mass and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mohammed
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - R S Zaki
- Department of Meat Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley 72711, Egypt
| | - E A Negm
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - M A Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - H W Cheng
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Rehman A, Arif M, Sajjad N, Al-Ghadi MQ, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Alhimaidi AR, Elnesr SS, Almutairi BO, Amran RA, Hussein EOS, Swelum AA. Dietary effect of probiotics and prebiotics on broiler performance, carcass, and immunity. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6946-6953. [PMID: 33248610 PMCID: PMC7705049 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary addition of probiotics (Protexin) and prebiotics (active MOS, mannan oligosaccharides) on growth performance, carcasses, and antibody titer in broilers. A total number of 360-day-old Ross broiler chicks were randomly divided into 9 groups in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Nine broiler starter (0-21 d) and finisher (21-35 d) diets were formulated by using 3 levels of probiotics (0, 1, and 2 g/kg of feed) and 3 levels of MOS (0, 1, and 1.5 g/kg of feed) and were randomly allotted to 9 groups. Feed intake was not affected by interaction of treatments during all phases (P > 0.05). Feed intake was improved due to the main effect of probiotic (P = 0.0001) or MOS (P = 0.005). No interaction (P > 0.05) was observed for weight gain in the starter, finisher, and overall phases. While, during the starter and finisher phases, weight gain was increased by probiotics (P = 0.028 or 0.04, respectively). Dietary supplementation of MOS improved weight gain (P = 0.01) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.03) during the overall period, but during starter and finisher periods, weight gain and FCR were not affected by prebiotics. Apart from dressing percentage, no interaction or individual effect of probiotics and prebiotics was observed for carcass, breast, thigh, heart, liver, and gizzard weight. Antibody titer for infectious bursal disease (IBD) was improved (P = 0.026) by the interaction effect between probiotics and prebiotics, when compared with the control group. Antibody titer against Newcastle disease (ND) was not affected by probiotics or prebiotics or their interactions (P > 0.05). It could be concluded that supplementation of prebiotics or probiotics can improve the growth performance of broilers. It may also be helpful in improving the antibody titer against IBD in broilers fed antibiotic-free diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rehman
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - N Sajjad
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - M Q Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - M E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - A R Alhimaidi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - B O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R A Amran
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E O S Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
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Żbikowski A, Pawłowski K, Śliżewska K, Dolka B, Nerc J, Szeleszczuk P. Comparative Effects of Using New Multi-Strain Synbiotics on Chicken Growth Performance, Hematology, Serum Biochemistry and Immunity. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091555. [PMID: 32887290 PMCID: PMC7552141 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Currently, there is an urgent need to decrease the use of antibiotics in poultry production. Long-term use of antibiotics in birds leads to the development of many drug-resistant microorganisms, has a negative impact on the environment and the antibiotic residues in poultry meat pose hazards to consumers’ health. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics used in poultry are good alternatives for antibiotic and antibiotic growth stimulants. However, such additives must be adapted to the species, age and intended use of birds. Our newly developed synbiotic formulas which comprised three, four or five strains of Lactobacillus sp., as well as S. cerevisiae and inulin, were administered in feed for meat-type chickens throughout the 42-day experimental period. The results showed that our new synbiotics do not have any unfavorable influence on chicken health and may modulate the immune response and biochemical parameters. The results are very promising, and our synbiotics can be considered as products for commercial use in poultry. However, these findings should be confirmed in future field experiments. Abstract In this study, the influence of new multi-strain synbiotics on chicken growth performance, hematology, serum biochemistry and immunity was explored. Each synbiotic preparation (A, B and C) comprised three, four or five strains of Lactobacillus sp., respectively, as well as S. cerevisiae and inulin. All strains used in the synbiotics originated from wild-type strains from animal farms in Poland. Six groups of chickens, ROSS 308 line, were fed with three different synbiotics at a dose of 0.5 g/1 kg of feed. Body weight, as well as the biochemical and hematological parameters of the animals in each study group, were determined on the 7th, 14th, 28th and 42nd day of life. Body weight on day 42 differed between groups and was the highest in control group. This group also had the highestfeed conversion ratio (FCR) value. All measured biochemical parameters were in the normal ranges for poultry; however, we observed a lower alkaline phosphatase (AP) concentration on day 7 in the groups fed with synbiotics, which correlated with a lower level of triglycerides in those groups. The aspartate transaminase (AST) concentration was significantly lower in all groups on day 42 in comparison with the control. On day 7, the control group showed the highest concentration of Ca, K and P. Other parameters did not differ significantly throughout the experiment. All groups showed a similar tendency of increase in the red blood cells (RBC) count according to the age of the birds. Every white blood cells (WBC) population showed differences in the proportions between T and B lymphocytes. The T cell and monocyte counts increased until day 28 in all groups. The results showed that our newly developed synbiotic formulas do not have any unfavorable influence on chicken health and may modulate immune response and biochemical parameters. However, this hypothesis needs to be evaluated in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Żbikowski
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (B.D.); (J.N.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-225936160
| | - Karol Pawłowski
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (B.D.); (J.N.); (P.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Śliżewska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Beata Dolka
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (B.D.); (J.N.); (P.S.)
| | - Joanna Nerc
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (B.D.); (J.N.); (P.S.)
| | - Piotr Szeleszczuk
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (B.D.); (J.N.); (P.S.)
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Ardiansah I, Sholiha K, Sjofjan O. Dietary supplementation of powdered and encapsulated probiotic: In vivo study on relative carcass, giblet weight and intestinal morphometry of local duck. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of either powdered or encapsulated probiotic on relative carcass, giblet weight and intestinal morphometry of local duck. One hundred twenty male day old duck (DOD) were distributed to 6 different dietary groups, included 2 probiotic forms of either powdered (T1) or encapsulated (T2) and 3 levels: 0% (L0), 0.2% (L1), 0.4% (L2). They were reared using pen cages for 42 days (6 weeks). Observed variables were relative carcass, giblet weight (gizzard, heart, liver) and intestinal morphometry (villus height, villus width, crypt depth). Data were analyzed by Nested of Completely Randomized Design ANOVA and if there was significant effect followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result showed that there was no significant effect (p > 0.05) of the form of either powdered or encapsulated probiotic on relative carcass, giblet weight, and intestinal morphometry. However, increasing level of probiotic have significant effect (p < 0.05) on relative carcass, villus height, and villus width, but did not significantly affect giblet weight and crypt depth. In conclusion, supplementation of either powdered or encapsulated probiotic has similar result, but it is suggested to use 0.4% of encapsulated probiotic (4 kg ton-1 of feed) in local duck diet.
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Fornazier R, Ribeiro Junior V, Albino LFT, Rodrigues D, Tavernari FD, da Silva D, Rostagno H, Serafini S. A Symbiotic Improves Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfy082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Salah AS, El-Tarabany MS, Ali MA. Impact of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on growth performance, carcass traits, economic efficiency, jejunum histomorphometry and some blood indices of broiler chickens. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an18156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to explore the possible impacts of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on the growing efficiency, carcass traits and some blood constituents in broilers. In total, 160 1-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into four equal groups (40 birds with 8 replicates). The control group received the basal diet with no supplements, while diets of the treated groups were supplemented with organic acids (OA; 1 g/kg), a synbiotic (S; 1 g/kg) and an equal mix of OA and the synbiotic (OS; 2 g/kg). The dietary supplementation with OA decreased the feed intake (P = 0.011) and bodyweight gain (P = 0.011) when compared with other experimental groups. However, the dietary supplementation with the synbiotic plus OA resulted in a considerable improvement in the overall feed conversion rate when compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.001). Groups fed the diets supplemented with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA showed significantly higher net profits and the profit to cost ratio than did the CON and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.010 and 0.005 respectively). Birds in the S and OS groups had a significantly higher jejunum villus height (P = 0.001), and carcass (P = 0.012) and breast meat (P = 0.001) yields than did those in the control and OA groups. However, the synbiotic-supplemented group produced significantly lower abdominal fat percentage (P = 0.021). The dietary supplementation with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA decreased the lymphocyte counts (P = 0.003) and the serum reduced glutathione concentration (P = 0.001), but significantly decreased the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.001), and the serum cholesterol (P = 0.014) and oxidised glutathione (P = 0.002) concentrations compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups. The present findings showed that dietary supplementation with a synbiotic or a synbiotic plus OA can improve the growth performance, carcass traits, serum antioxidant activity and blood-related indices in broilers.
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Al-Khalaifah HS. Benefits of probiotics and/or prebiotics for antibiotic-reduced poultry. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3807-3815. [PMID: 30165527 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been used for many years as growth promoters. They contribute to build the immunocompetence (i.e. ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen) of birds against infectious diseases and as growth promoters. Antibiotics have been widely used as growth promoters in the field of animal production since 1940s. There is a hypothesis that is effect is brought about by dynamic biological interaction with the micro-flora in the intestine. In 1951, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the use of antibiotics as animal additives to prevent disease in general and, in some cases, to improve efficiency without veterinary prescription. In the 1950s and 1960s, each European state approved its own national regulations about the use of antibiotics in animal feeds. However, using antibiotics may develop bacteria resistant to these drugs. Accordingly, the use of antibiotics has been minimized and replaced by effective dietary supplements such as probiotics and/or prebiotics that are claimed to enhance growth and positively modulate the immune response. The current review paper sheds light on the benefits of using probiotics and/or prebiotics in poultry feed versus the risk of using antibiotics and the mechanisms by which they exert their effects, as well as the economic analysis of using these beneficial additives in poultry feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Al-Khalaifah
- Environment and Life sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat- KUWAIT
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12
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Mohammed A, Jacobs J, Murugesan G, Cheng H. Effect of dietary synbiotic supplement on behavioral patterns and growth performance of broiler chickens reared under heat stress. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1101-1108. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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13
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Safety assessment of antibiotic and probiotic feed additives for Gallus gallus domesticus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12767. [PMID: 29038560 PMCID: PMC5643334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics in feed select for resistant strains and is thus a threat to human health. In this study, the effect of a multi-strain probiotic and antibiotics on the growth and health of broilers was studied. Equal numbers of broilers received on a daily basis either a multi-strain probiotic or a combination of sulphadiazine, colistin and trimethoprim, whereas the control group received standard feed. The villi of immature broilers (19 days old) administered antibiotics had a larger surface area and their lymphocyte and basophil counts were higher compared to broilers from the probiotic and control groups. The cecal microbiomes of mature broilers (29 days old) that received probiotics had higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae, but lower numbers of Clostridiales, Brucellaceae, Synergistaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae and Coriobacteriaceae compared to the antibiotic-treated group. A decline in the bioluminescence of Listeria monocytogenes observed for broilers on probiotics suggested that the probiotic may be used to control bacterial infections. No significant differences in total red blood cell, haemoglobin and haematocrit content, and mean values for corpuscular volume, corpuscular haemoglobin and corpuscular haemoglobin numbers were recorded amongst broilers from the different treatment groups. This study provides valuable information on the health and performance of broilers when administered probiotics and antibiotics as additives.
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Suresh G, Das RK, Kaur Brar S, Rouissi T, Avalos Ramirez A, Chorfi Y, Godbout S. Alternatives to antibiotics in poultry feed: molecular perspectives. Crit Rev Microbiol 2017; 44:318-335. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2017.1373062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ratul Kumar Das
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, TERI Gram, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurgaon, India
| | | | | | - Antonio Avalos Ramirez
- Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologie Environnementales Inc, Shawinigan, Canada
| | - Younes Chorfi
- Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Stephane Godbout
- Institut de recherche et de développement en agroenvironnement, Québec, Canada
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15
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SRINIVAS GURRAM, PREETAM VCHINNI, SWATHI B. Effect of different non-antibiotic feed additives either alone or in combination on the performance and cost economics of broiler chickens. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v87i4.69530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, effect of different non-antibiotic feed additives either alone or in combination on the performance and cost economics of broiler chickens was investigated. Day-old commercial male broiler chicks (270) were randomly divided into nine treatment groups with six replicates of five birds in each. The dietary groups consisted of control diet, antibiotic (Virginiamycin @ 500 g/ton), probiotic (Protexin @ 500 g/ton), acidifier (Biotronic SE @ 3 kg/ton), prebiotic (Mos @ 500 g/ton) and its combinations with different inclusion rates. The results indicated that mean average body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broilers were significantly influenced by addition of probiotic, prebiotic and acidifier either alone or in combination during prestarter, starter and finisher phases without showing any significant effect on average feed intake. Supplementation of dietary feed additives (except probiotic + acidifier) fed group yielded higher returns over feed cost compared to control and antibiotic fed groups. The highest return per bird was recorded with acidifier followed by probiotic + Mos groups.
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Sahu J, Koley KM, Sahu BD. Attribution of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Cassia tora extract toward its growth promoting effect in broiler birds. Vet World 2017; 10:221-226. [PMID: 28344406 PMCID: PMC5352848 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.221-226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate the attribution of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Cassia tora toward its growth promoting effect in broiler birds. Materials and Methods: A limit test was conducted for C. tora extract in Wistar albino rats. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of leaves of C. tora was carried out. In-vitro antibacterial activity was measured by disc diffusion method. 1-day-old Ven Cobb broiler birds (n=90) were randomly allocated into three groups consisting of three replicates with 10 birds in each group. The birds of group T1 (Control) received basal diet, whereas birds of group T2 (Standard) received an antibiotic (Lincomycin at 0.05% in feed). The birds of group T3 (Test) received Cassia tora extract (CSE) at 0.4 g/L in drinking water in addition to basal diet. The treatment was given to birds of all the groups for 6 weeks. Antioxidant activity of C. tora was determined in blood of broiler birds. Cumulative body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing percent, and organ weight factor were evaluated to determine growth performance in broiler birds. Results: Phytochemicals in C. tora were screened. Sensitivity to Escherichia coli and resistant to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed in in-vitro antibacterial activity test. At the end of 6th week, antioxidant activity reflected significantly (p≤0.05) lower level of erythrocyte malondialdehyde and higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH peroxidase in broiler birds of group T2 and T3 as compared to broiler of group T1. Mean cumulative body weight gain of birds of T2 and T3 were significantly (p≤0.05) higher as compared to T1. Mean FCR of birds of group T3 decreased significantly than group T1. Conclusion: Supplementation of C. tora leaves extract at 0.4 g/L in drinking water improved growth performance in broiler birds due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Therefore, it could be used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter in poultry ration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sahu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - K M Koley
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - B D Sahu
- Department of Livestock Development, Dondi, Balod - 491 226, Chhattisgarh, India
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Abdel-Hafeez HM, Saleh ESE, Tawfeek SS, Youssef IMI, Abdel-Daim ASA. Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 30:672-682. [PMID: 27620891 PMCID: PMC5411827 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on broilers performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and feed cost of production from 1 to 56 days of age. Methods Two hundred and forty unsexed one day-old chicks of Arbor Acres breed were used. Two trials, I and II, were conducted, with 120 birds in both. Each trial was divided into 4 equal groups. The birds in trial I were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment, while the chicks in trial II were fed ad libitum during the first week of age, then subjected to 5 hours/d of feed restriction from the beginning of the second week up to the end of the experiment. In both trials, the birds in group 1 were fed on a control diet while the other groups were given the same control diet supplemented either with a probiotic in group 2, prebiotic in group 3, or synbiotic in group 4. Results It was found that chicks fed diets supplemented with probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic (with and without feed restriction) exhibited higher body weight and feed efficiency than chicks fed the control diets. The feed additives in both trials did not affect hemoglobin, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, and total cholesterol, except the packed cell volume which was increased in the additive treatments with restriction at the end of the experiment. Moreover, the dietary treatments did not influence the carcass yield. However, the relative weights of liver, gizzard and proventriculus, small intestine and bursa of fabricius were found to be increased. The additives decreased the visible fat in the carcass, with more decreasing effect in the additive groups with restriction. The lowest feed cost per kg of weight gain was observed in the birds fed diets supplemented with synbiotic, probiotic and prebiotic. Feed restriction improved the feed conversion ratio, economic return, but decreased the feed intake, serum total cholesterol and visible fat in comparison with non-restricted groups. Conclusion The biological feed additives could be routinely added to broiler diets, especially when a feed restriction program is followed. Finally, it can be recommended to restrict feed, and add probiotic or synbiotic to increase weight, improve feed conversion rate and reduce feed cost of production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M Abdel-Hafeez
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Elham S E Saleh
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Samar S Tawfeek
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M I Youssef
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S A Abdel-Daim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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Karangiya VK, Savsani HH, Patil SS, Garg DD, Murthy KS, Ribadiya NK, Vekariya SJ. Effect of dietary supplementation of garlic, ginger and their combination on feed intake, growth performance and economics in commercial broilers. Vet World 2016; 9:245-50. [PMID: 27057106 PMCID: PMC4823283 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.245-250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of supplementation of garlic, ginger and their combination in the diets of broiler chickens and assessment in terms of feed intake, growth performance and economics of feeding. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 1-day-old Cobb-400 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments each with three replicates of 20 chicks per replicate (n=60). Four experimental diets were formulated in such a way that control diet (T1) contained neither ginger nor garlic. While, birds in group T2 and T3 were fed with diets containing 1% garlic and ginger, respectively. Diet 4 (T4 group) contained a combination of 1% of garlic and ginger. The feeding experiment was carried out for 42 days, and different parameters evaluated includes feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, gut morphometry, and economics of feeding in terms of return over feed cost (ROFC) and European Performance Efficiency Index. Results: Feed intake of experimental birds in ginger and mixture of garlic and ginger supplemented groups, i.e., T3 and T4 groups have significantly (p<0.05) higher feed intake as compared to control. While, feeding of garlic have non-significant effect on feed intake as compared to other groups. A body weight gain (g/bird) was found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher in garlic (T2 group) and ginger (T3 group) supplemented group as compare to control and garlic and ginger mixture supplemented group (T4 group). Feed conversion ratio was significantly (p<0.05) lower in ginger (T3 group) supplemented group as compare to other groups. Mean villi length, villi width and cryptal depth were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T3 group than rest of all three groups, indicating increased absorptive surface area. ROFC was significantly (p<0.05) lower in T3 and T4 groups as compare to control. However, it was not significantly different between control and T2 group. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of the study, it is concluded that supplementation of garlic improves the performance of broilers when added at the rate of 1% of broiler ration and can be a viable alternative to antibiotic growth promoter in the feeding of broiler chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Karangiya
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - H H Savsani
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Shrikant Soma Patil
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - D D Garg
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - K S Murthy
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - N K Ribadiya
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - S J Vekariya
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Extension Education, College of Veterinary Science and Animal House, Jungadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
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