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Sarkar A, Dutta S, Sur M, Chakraborty S, Dey P, Mukherjee P. Early loss of endogenous NAD + following rotenone treatment leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and Sarm1 induction that is ameliorated by PARP inhibition. FEBS J 2023; 290:1596-1624. [PMID: 36239430 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sarm1 is an evolutionary conserved innate immune adaptor protein that has emerged as a primary regulator of programmed axonal degeneration over the past decade. In vitro structural insights have revealed that although Sarm1 induces energy depletion by breaking down nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ (NAD+ ), it is also allosterically inhibited by NAD+ . However, how NAD+ levels modulate the activation of intracellular Sarm1 has not been elucidated so far. This study focuses on understanding the events leading to Sarm1 activation in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells using the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone. Here, we report the regulation of rotenone-induced cell death by loss of NAD+ that may act as a 'biological trigger' of Sarm1 activation. Our study revealed that early loss of endogenous NAD+ levels arising due to PARP1 hyperactivation preceded Sarm1 induction following rotenone treatment. Interestingly, replenishing NAD+ levels by the PARP inhibitor, PJ34 restored mitochondrial complex I activity and also prevented subsequent Sarm1 activation in rotenone-treated cells. These cellular data were further validated in Drosophila melanogaster where a significant reduction in rotenone-mediated loss of locomotor abilities, and reduced dSarm expression was observed in the flies following PARP inhibition. Taken together, these observations not only uncover a novel regulation of Sarm1 induction by endogenous NAD+ levels but also point towards an important understanding on how PARP inhibitors could be repurposed in the treatment of mitochondrial complex I deficiency disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sarkar
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sourav Dutta
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Malinki Sur
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Puja Dey
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Piyali Mukherjee
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
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2
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Wang Y, Sui Y, Niu Y, Liu D, Xu Q, Liu F, Zuo K, Liu M, Sun W, Wang Z, Liu Z, Zou F, Shi J, Liu X, Liu J. PBX1-SIRT1 Positive Feedback Loop Attenuates ROS-Mediated HF-MSC Senescence and Apoptosis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:443-454. [PMID: 35962175 PMCID: PMC9902417 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell senescence and depletion are major causes of aging and aging-related diseases. The NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) - SIRT1 (Silent Information Regulator 1) - PARP1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1) axis has gained interest owing to its significant role in regulating stem cell senescence and organismal aging. A recent study from our lab showed that pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor1 (PBX1) overexpression attenuates hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) senescence and apoptosis by regulating ROS-mediated DNA damage via PARP1 downregulation; thus, suggesting that PARP1 downregulation is a common manifestation of the roles of both PBX1 and SIRT1 in HF-MSCs senescence attenuation, and implying a potential link between PBX1 and SIRT1. To this end, HF-MSCs overexpressing PBX1, overexpressing both PBX1 and PARP1, downregulating SIRT1, and overexpressing PBX1 as well as downregulating SIRT1 were generated, and senescence, apoptosis, DNA damage, and repair biomarkers were analyzed. Our results showed that (1) PBX1 overexpression alleviated HF-MSCs senescence and apoptosis accompanied by SIRT1 upregulation, PARP1 downregulation, and increased intracellular NAD and ATP levels. (2) SIRT1 knockdown enhanced cellular senescence and apoptosis, accompanied by increased ROS accumulation, DNA damage aggravation, and decreased intracellular NAD and ATP levels. (3) PBX1 overexpression rescued HF-MSCs senescence and apoptosis induced by SIRT1 knockdown. (4) PBX1 rescued PARP1 overexpression-mediated ATP and NAD depletion, accompanied by increased SIRT1 expression. Collectively, our results revealed that a positive interaction feedback loop exists between PBX1 and SIRT1. To the best of our knowledge we are the first to report that there is a PBX1-SIRT1-PARP1 axis that plays a critical role in alleviating HF-MSCs senescence and apoptosis. We provide a new perspective on the mechanisms underlying stem cell senescence as well as age-related disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yutong Sui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ye Niu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Feilin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Kuiyang Zuo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Zinan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahong Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Luo J, Zeng L, Li J, Xu S, Zhao W. Oxidative DNA Damage-induced PARP-1-mediated Autophagic Flux Disruption Contributes to Bupivacaine-induced Neurotoxicity During Pregnancy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2134-2150. [PMID: 37021417 PMCID: PMC10556365 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230404102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe neurologic complications after spinal anesthesia are rare but highly distressing, especially in pregnant women. Bupivacaine is widely used in spinal anesthesia, but its neurotoxic effects have gained attention. METHODS Furthermore, the etiology of bupivacaine-mediated neurotoxicity in obstetric patients remains unclear. Female C57BL/6 mice were intrathecally injected with 0.75% bupivacaine on the 18th day of pregnancy. We used immunohistochemistry to examine DNA damage after bupivacaine treatment in pregnant mice and measured γ-H2AX (Ser139) and 8-OHdG in the spinal cord. A PARP-1 inhibitor (PJ34) and autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) were administered with bupivacaine in pregnant mice. Parp-1flox/flox mice were crossed with Nes-Cre transgenic mice to obtain neuronal conditional knockdown mice. Then, LC3B and P62 staining were performed to evaluate autophagic flux in the spinal cords of pregnant wild-type (WT) and Parp-1-/- mice. We performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate autophagosomes. RESULTS The present study showed that oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and neuronal injury were increased after bupivacaine treatment in the spinal cords of pregnant mice. Moreover, PARP-1 was significantly activated, and autophagic flux was disrupted. Further studies revealed that PARP-1 knockdown and autophagy inhibitors could alleviate bupivacaine-mediated neurotoxicity in pregnant mice. CONCLUSION Bupivacaine may cause neuronal DNA damage and PARP-1 activation in pregnant mice. PARP-1 further obstructed autophagic flux and ultimately led to neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Division of Laboratory Science, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shiyuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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Kim S, Han J, Ahn YH, Ha CH, Hwang JJ, Lee SE, Kim JJ, Kim N. Protective Role of miR-34c in Hypoxia by Activating Autophagy through BCL2 Repression. Mol Cells 2022; 45:403-412. [PMID: 35611688 PMCID: PMC9200661 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia leads to significant cellular stress that has diverse pathological consequences such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of regulators of the adaptive pathway in hypoxia. We identified a hypoxia-induced miRNA, miR-34c, that was significantly upregulated in hypoxic human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in murine blood vessels on day 3 of hindlimb ischemia (HLI). miR-34c directly inhibited BCL2 expression, acting as a toggle switch between apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. BCL2 repression by miR-34c activated autophagy, which was evaluated by the expression of LC3-II. Overexpression of miR-34c inhibited apoptosis in HUVEC as well as in a murine model of HLI, and increased cell viability in HUVEC. Importantly, the number of viable cells in the blood vessels following HLI was increased by miR-34c overexpression. Collectively, our findings show that miR-34c plays a protective role in hypoxia, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for hypoxic and ischemic diseases in the blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jaeseok Han
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Medical Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Ha
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jae-Joong Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Rahimmanesh I, Kouhpayeh S, Azizi Y, Khanahmad H. Conceptual Framework for SARS-CoV-2-Related Lymphopenia. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:16. [PMID: 35386537 PMCID: PMC8977610 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_303_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates globally. One of the most prominent characteristics of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is lymphopenia, which is in contrast to other viral infections. This controversy might be explained by the evaluation of impaired innate and adaptive immune responses, during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the innate immune response, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase hyperactivated due to virus entry and extensive DNA damage sequentially, leading to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ depletion, adenosine triphosphate depletion, and finally cell death. In contrast to the immune response against viral infections, cytotoxic T lymphocytes decline sharply in SARS-CoV-2 infection which might be due to infiltration and trapping in the lower respiratory tract. In addition, there are more factors proposed to involve in lymphopenia in COVID-19 infection such as the role of CD38, which functions as NADase and intensifies NAD depletion, which in turn affects NAD+–dependent Sirtuin proteins, as the regulators of cell death and viability. Lung tissue sequestration following cytokine storm supposed to be another reason for lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients. Protein 7a, as one of the virus-encoded proteins, induces apoptosis in various organ-derived cell lines. These mechanisms proposed to induce lymphopenia, although there are still more studies needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms for lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Kouhpayeh
- Department of Immunology, Erythron Genetics and Pathobiology Laboratory, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yadollah Azizi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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6
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Wang S, Tang YJ. Sulforaphane ameliorates amyloid-β-induced inflammatory injury by suppressing the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7079-7089. [PMID: 34982643 PMCID: PMC8973853 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1976503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye disorder that leads to irreversible impairment of central vision, and effective therapies are lacking. Here, we explore how oligomeric amyloid-β1-42 can trigger inflammatory injury in retinal pigment epithelial cells and how sulforaphane can mitigate such injury. ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cells expressing low, endogenous, or high levels of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP1) were treated with oligomeric amyloid-β1-42 in the presence or absence of various signaling inhibitors or sulforaphane. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and activity of the PARP1/Sirtuin (SIRT1) axis were assayed. Treating ARPE-19 cells with oligomeric amyloid-β1-42 promoted the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-ɑ, which was partially reversed by inhibiting PARP1 and activating SIRT1. PARP1 was found to act upstream of SIRT1, and expression of the two proteins correlated negatively with each other. Sulforaphane also mitigated the injury due to oligomeric amyloid-β1-42 through a mechanism involving inactivation of the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway. Oligomeric amyloid-β1-42 can trigger AMD-like injury in retinal pigment epithelium by activating PARP1 and repressing SIRT1. Moreover, sulforaphane can induce cell viability and SIRT1 expression, but reduce cell apoptosis, the activity of caspase-3 or -9, and PARP1 expression in oAβ1-42-treated cells. However, PARP1 inactivation or SIRT1 activation weaken these effects. In summary, sulforaphane reduces the inflammatory injury induced by oAβ1-42 in ARPE-19 cell by inactivating the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway. Thus, the compound may be an effective therapy against AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Jie Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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7
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Quercetin Alleviates the Accumulation of Superoxide in Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Autophagy by Regulating Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis through Enhanced Deacetyl-SOD2 via the Nrf2-PGC-1α-Sirt1 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071125. [PMID: 34356358 PMCID: PMC8301007 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of blindness-related diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Quercetin, a bioactive flavonoid compound, has been shown to have a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in RPE cells; however, the detailed mechanism underlying this protective effect is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory mechanism of quercetin in a sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced retinal damage. The clinical features of the mice, the production of oxidative stress, and the activity of autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined. In the mouse model, NaIO3 treatment caused changes in the retinal structure and reduced pupil constriction, and quercetin treatment reversed the oxidative stress-related pathology by decreasing the level of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) while enhancing the serum levels of catalase and glutathione. The increased level of reactive oxygen species in the NaIO3-treated ARPE19 cells was improved by treatment with quercetin, accompanied by a reduction in autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Our findings indicated that the effects of quercetin on regulating the generation of mtROS were dependent on increased levels of deacetyl-SOD2 through the Nrf2-PGC-1α-Sirt1 signaling pathway. These results demonstrated that quercetin may have potential therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of AMD through the regulation of mtROS homeostasis.
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Chae DS, Han S, Lee MK, Kim SW. Genome Edited Sirt1-Overexpressing Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Therapeutic Effects in Treating Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Mol Cells 2021; 44:245-253. [PMID: 33935044 PMCID: PMC8112166 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for cartilage regeneration, their therapeutic efficacy needs to be enhanced. In the present study, we produced genome-edited silent information regulator 2 type 1 (Sirt1)-overexpressing MSCs, and evaluated their therapeutic potential in a damaged cartilage mouse liver fibrosis model. The Sirt1 gene was successfully inserted into a 'safe harbor' genomic locus in amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMMs), and the chondrogenic properties of the Sirt1 gene overexpressing AMMs (AMM/S) were characterized using quantitative PCR and histology. Therapeutic potentials were investigated in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Chondrocyte-differentiated AMM/S expressed cartilage-specific genes and were positive for Safranin O staining. Transplantation of AMM/S attenuated CIA progression and suppressed T helper (Th)-17 cell activation while increasing the Treg cell population in CIA mice. Pro-inflammatory factors, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were significantly decreased in AMM/S-injected joint tissues. In conclusion, genome-edited AMM/S may represent a safe and alternative therapeutic option for the treatment and repair of damaged cartilage, or in inflammatory joint arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Seongho Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Lee
- Department of Dental Hygine, Dong-Eui Universtigy, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Sung-Whan Kim
- Department Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
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Blasiak J, Pawlowska E, Sobczuk A, Szczepanska J, Kaarniranta K. The Aging Stress Response and Its Implication for AMD Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228840. [PMID: 33266495 PMCID: PMC7700335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging induces several stress response pathways to counterbalance detrimental changes associated with this process. These pathways include nutrient signaling, proteostasis, mitochondrial quality control and DNA damage response. At the cellular level, these pathways are controlled by evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules, such as 5’AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and sirtuins, including SIRT1. Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, playing an important role in antioxidant defense and mitochondrial biogenesis, may interact with these molecules influencing lifespan and general fitness. Perturbation in the aging stress response may lead to aging-related disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the main reason for vision loss in the elderly. This is supported by studies showing an important role of disturbances in mitochondrial metabolism, DDR and autophagy in AMD pathogenesis. In addition, disturbed expression of PGC-1α was shown to associate with AMD. Therefore, the aging stress response may be critical for AMD pathogenesis, and further studies are needed to precisely determine mechanisms underlying its role in AMD. These studies can include research on retinal cells produced from pluripotent stem cells obtained from AMD donors with the mutations, either native or engineered, in the critical genes for the aging stress response, including AMPK, IGF1, MTOR, SIRT1 and PPARGC1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426354334
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Sobczuk
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Zhang J, Ren D, Fedorova J, He Z, Li J. SIRT1/SIRT3 Modulates Redox Homeostasis during Ischemia/Reperfusion in the Aging Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090858. [PMID: 32933202 PMCID: PMC7556005 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the central cause of global death in cardiovascular diseases, which is characterized by disorders such as angina, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, finally causing severe debilitating diseases and death. The increased rates of morbidity and mortality caused by I/R are parallel with aging. Aging-associated cardiac physiological structural and functional deterioration were found to contribute to abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during I/R stress. Disturbed redox homeostasis could further trigger the related signaling pathways that lead to cardiac irreversible damages with mitochondria dysfunction and cell death. It is notable that sirtuin proteins are impaired in aged hearts and are critical to maintaining redox homeostasis via regulating substrate metabolism and inflammation and thus preserving cardiac function under stress. This review discussed the cellular and functional alterations upon I/R especially in aging hearts. We propose that mitochondria are the primary source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to I/R injury in aged hearts. Then, we highlight the cardiomyocyte protection of the age-related proteins Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and Sirtuin1 (SIRT3) in response to I/R injury, and we discuss their modulation of cardiac metabolism and the inflammatory reaction that is involved in ROS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Julia Fedorova
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhibin He
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-4917
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