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Uehara E, Hori N, Tanase-Nakao K, Akiba K, Sueoka H, Matsubara K, Narumi S. Congenital Hypothyroidism with Thyroid in situ: A Case Report with NKX2-1 and DUOX2 Hypomorphic Variants. Horm Res Paediatr 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38636486 DOI: 10.1159/000538895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1) encodes a transcription factor, NKX2-1, that is expressed in the thyroid gland, lung, and brain. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) encodes an enzyme which generates hydrogen peroxide and is involved in the thyroid hormone synthesis. Cases of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with dyshormonogenesis showing two or more genetic variants are increasingly reported. We describe the first case of transient dyshormonogenesis who had experimentally verified a loss-of-function NKX2-1 variant and DUOX2 variants. CASE PRESENTATION The proband was a 15-year-old female patient with CH who was diagnosed in the frame of newborn screening for CH. She had a mildly elevated serum TSH level (14.56 mU/L), a low free thyroxine level (0.87 ng/dL), and a high thyroglobulin (Tg) level (>800 ng/mL). Ultrasonography revealed goiter. She was followed clinically without levothyroxine treatment and showed normal growth and development. She had slightly high Tg levels throughout the clinical course. Next-generation sequencing-based genetic analysis revealed that the patient was heterozygous for an NKX2-1 variant (p.Ile228Ser), a nonsense DUOX2 variant (p.[Lys530*;His678Arg]), and a functional DUOX2 polymorphism (p.His678Arg). NKX2-1 p.Ile228Ser showed about 50% reduced residual activity on the Tg promoter. CONCLUSION A partial loss-of-function NKX2-1 variant with a monoallelic nonsense DUOX2 variant and a DUOX2 functional polymorphism can cause transient CH with high serum Tg levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Uehara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan,
- Department of Advanced Pediatric Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - Naoaki Hori
- Department of Pediatrics, Ota Memorial Hospital, Ota, Japan
| | - Kanako Tanase-Nakao
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Akiba
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Sueoka
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Diversity Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Narumi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nou-Fontanet L, Martín-Gómez C, Isabel-Gómez R, Bachoud-Lévi AC, Zorzi G, Capuano A, Blasco-Amaro JA, Ortigoza-Escobar JD. Systematic review of drug therapy for chorea in NXK2-1-related disorders: Efficacy and safety evidence from case studies and series. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3928-3948. [PMID: 37694681 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NKX2-1-related disorders (NKX2-1-RD) is a rare disorder characterized by choreiform movements along with respiratory and endocrine abnormalities. The European Reference Network of Rare Neurological Disorders funded by the European Commission conducted a systematic review to assess drug treatment of chorea in NKX2-1-RD, aiming to provide clinical recommendations for its management. METHODS A systematic pairwise review using various databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycInfo, was conducted. The review included patients diagnosed with chorea and NKX2-1-RD genetic diagnosis, drug therapy as intervention, no comparator, and outcomes of chorea improvement and adverse events. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed, and the study protocol was registered in PROSPERO. RESULTS Of the 1417 studies examined, 28 studies met the selection criteria, consisting of 68 patients. The studies reported 22 different treatments for chorea, including carbidopa/levodopa, tetrabenazine, clonazepam, methylphenidate, carbamazepine, topiramate, trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, propranolol, risperidone, and valproate. No clinical improvements were observed with carbidopa/levodopa, tetrabenazine, or clonazepam, and various adverse effects were reported. However, most patients treated with methylphenidate experienced improvements in chorea and reported only a few negative effects. The quality of evidence was determined to be low. CONCLUSIONS The management of chorea in individuals with NKX2-1-RD presents significant heterogeneity and lack of clarity. While the available evidence suggests that methylphenidate may be effective in improving chorea symptoms, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the studies reviewed. Nonetheless, more rigorous and comprehensive studies are necessary to provide sufficient evidence for clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Nou-Fontanet
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Martín-Gómez
- Health Technology Assessment Area-AETSA, Andalusian Public Foundation for Progress and Health ("Fundación Progreso y Salud"-"FPS"), Seville, Spain
- Research Group HUM604: Lifestyle Development in the Life Cycle and Health Promotion, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Rebeca Isabel-Gómez
- Health Technology Assessment Area-AETSA, Andalusian Public Foundation for Progress and Health ("Fundación Progreso y Salud"-"FPS"), Seville, Spain
| | - Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Lévi
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital, National Center of Reference for Huntington's Disease, Créteil, France
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France
- European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Capuano
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Juan Antonio Blasco-Amaro
- Health Technology Assessment Area-AETSA, Andalusian Public Foundation for Progress and Health ("Fundación Progreso y Salud"-"FPS"), Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Darío Ortigoza-Escobar
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Tübingen, Germany
- U-703 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Jain R, Rabea F, Alfalasi R, Elabiary MW, Abou Tayoun A. Paternal Uniparental Isodisomy of Chromosome 2 in a Patient with Congenital Hypothyroidism: Ruling Out Recessive Inheritance or a Kinship/Laboratory Sequencing Error. J Appl Lab Med 2023; 8:993-999. [PMID: 37478349 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Jain
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Rabea
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roudha Alfalasi
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Wasfy Elabiary
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Endocrinology, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Abou Tayoun
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Levaillant L, Bouhours-Nouet N, Illouz F, Amsellem Jager J, Bachelot A, Barat P, Baron S, Bensignor C, Brac De La Perriere A, Braik Djellas Y, Caillot M, Caldagues E, Campas MN, Caquard M, Cartault A, Cheignon J, Decrequy A, Delemer B, Dieckmann K, Donzeau A, Doye E, Fradin M, Gaudillière M, Gatelais F, Gorce M, Hazart I, Houcinat N, Houdon L, Ister-Salome M, Jozwiak L, Jeannoel P, Labarthe F, Lacombe D, Lambert AS, Lefevre C, Leheup B, Leroy C, Maisonneuve B, Marchand I, Marquant E, Muszlak M, Pantalone L, Pochelu S, Quelin C, Radet C, Renoult-Pierre P, Reynaud R, Rouleau S, Teinturier C, Thevenon J, Turlotte C, Valle A, Vierge M, Villanueva C, Ziegler A, Dieu X, Bouzamondo N, Rodien P, Prunier-Mirebeau D, Coutant R. The Severity of Congenital Hypothyroidism With Gland-In-Situ Predicts Molecular Yield by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e779-e788. [PMID: 36884306 PMCID: PMC10438870 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital hypothyroidism with gland-in-situ (CH-GIS) is usually attributed to mutations in the genes involved in thyroid hormone production. The diagnostic yield of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) varied widely between studies. We hypothesized that the molecular yield of targeted NGS would depend on the severity of CH. METHODS Targeted NGS was performed in 103 CH-GIS patients from the French national screening program referred to the Reference Center for Rare Thyroid Diseases of Angers University Hospital. The custom targeted NGS panel contained 48 genes. Cases were classified as solved or probably solved depending on the known inheritance of the gene, the classification of the variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the familial segregation, and published functional studies. Thyroid-stimulating hormone at CH screening and at diagnosis (TSHsc and TSHdg) and free T4 at diagnosis (FT4dg) were recorded. RESULTS NGS identified 95 variants in 10 genes in 73 of the 103 patients, resulting in 25 solved cases and 18 probably solved cases. They were mainly due to mutations in the TG (n = 20) and TPO (n = 15) genes. The molecular yield was, respectively, 73% and 25% if TSHsc was ≥ and < 80 mUI/L, 60% and 30% if TSHdg was ≥ and < 100 mUI/L, and 69% and 29% if FT4dg was ≤ and > 5 pmol/L. CONCLUSION NGS in patients with CH-GIS in France found a molecular explanation in 42% of the cases, increasing to 70% when TSHsc was ≥ 80 mUI/L or FT4dg was ≤ 5 pmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Levaillant
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Natacha Bouhours-Nouet
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Illouz
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Jessica Amsellem Jager
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Anne Bachelot
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, 75651 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Barat
- Pediatric Endocrinology, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabine Baron
- Pediatrics Department, CHU Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Aude Brac De La Perriere
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Service d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Yasmine Braik Djellas
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, 75651 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Caillot
- Pediatrics Department, CH de Martigues, 13500 Martigues, France
| | | | | | | | - Audrey Cartault
- Endocrine, Genetics, Bone Diseases, and Paediatric Gynecology Unit, Children's Hospital, CHU Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Cheignon
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Anne Decrequy
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France
| | | | - Aurélie Donzeau
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France
| | - Mélanie Gaudillière
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Service d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, 69677 Bron, France
| | | | - Magali Gorce
- Service de Génétique, 49000 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Nada Houcinat
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne 21000, France
| | - Laure Houdon
- Pediatric Diabetology, University Hospital, St Pierre de la Reunion 97410, France
| | | | - Lucie Jozwiak
- Pediatrics Department, CH de Roubaix, 59100 Roubaix, France
| | | | - Francois Labarthe
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Tours University Hospital, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Bordeaux INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lambert
- AP-HP, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, DMU SEA, Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Christine Lefevre
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Leheup
- Service de Génétique clinique, Höpital Brabois, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, Lorraine 54500, France
| | - Clara Leroy
- Service d'Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, Hôpital Huriez, 59037 Lille, France
| | | | - Isis Marchand
- Pediatrics Department, CHI de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Emeline Marquant
- Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Sandra Pochelu
- Pediatric Endocrinology, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Chloé Quelin
- Service de Génétique, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France
| | | | - Peggy Renoult-Pierre
- Service de Médecine Interne, Unité d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie et Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Rachel Reynaud
- Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Rouleau
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Cécile Teinturier
- AP-HP, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, DMU SEA, Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Anomalies, and FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Aline Valle
- Pediatrics Department, CH de Douai, 59187 Douai, France
| | - Melody Vierge
- Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Carine Villanueva
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Service d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, 69677 Bron, France
| | | | - Xavier Dieu
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Nathalie Bouzamondo
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Patrice Rodien
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Delphine Prunier-Mirebeau
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Régis Coutant
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
- Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Thyroid and Hormone Receptivity, University Hospital of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
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Molina MF, Pio MG, Scheps KG, Adrover E, Abelleyro MM, Targovnik HM, Rivolta CM. Curating the gnomAD database: Report of novel variants in the thyroid peroxidase gene using in silico bioinformatics algorithms and a literature review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 558:111748. [PMID: 35995307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein located at the apical side of the thyroid follicular cells that catalyzes both iodination and coupling of iodotyrosine residues within the thyroglobulin molecule, leading to the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Variants in TPO cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH) by iodide organification defect and are commonly inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. In the present work, we report a detailed population analysis and bioinformatic prediction of the TPO variants indexed in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) v2.1.1. The proportion of missense cysteine variants and nonsense, frameshift, and splice acceptor/donor variants were analyzed in each ethnic group (European (Non-Finnish), European (Finnish), African/African Americans, Latino/Admixed American, East Asian, South Asian, Ashkenazi Jewish, Other). The results showed a clear predominance of frameshift variants in the East Asian (82%) and European (Finnish) (75%) population, whereas the splice site variants predominate in African/African Americans (99.46%), Other (96%), Latino/Admixed American (94%), South Asian (86%), European (Non-Finnish) (56%) and Ashkenazi Jewish (56%) populations. The analysis of the distribution of the variants indexed in gnomAD v2.1.1 database revealed that most missense variants identified in the An peroxidase domain map in exon 8, followed by exons 11, 7 and 9, and finally in descending order by exons 10, 6, 12 and 5. In total, 183 novel TPO variants were described (13 missense cysteine's variants, 158 missense variants involving the An peroxidase domain and 12 splicing acceptor or donor sites variants) which were not reported in the literature and that would have deleterious effects on prediction programs. In the gnomAD v2.1.1 population, the estimated prevalence of heterozygous carriers of the potentially damaging variants was 1:77. In conclusion, we provide an updated and curated reference source of new TPO variants for application in clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling. Also, this work contributes to elucidating the molecular basis of CH associated with TPO defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen G Scheps
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiela Adrover
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel M Abelleyro
- CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Gong L, Yang N, Zhao J, Tang Y, Li L, Yang H, Kong Y. Clinical characteristics and genetics analysis for the ITD of congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:741-748. [PMID: 35438852 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Iodide transport defect (ITD) is one of the principal causes of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and its primary molecular mechanism is a mutation of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene. This study aims to analyse the clinical characteristics and genetic mutations of ITD. METHODS The participants were a pair of siblings diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of salivary iodine and serum iodine and to calculate their ratio. At the same time, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to detect all exons of congenital hypothyroidism-related genes. All suspicious variants were further validated in the patients and their parents by PCR and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Both patients were conclusively diagnosed with thyroid iodine transport defect (ITD). NGS identified two variants of the NIS gene in the siblings: c.1021G>A (p.Gly341Arg) with paternal origin and c.1330-2A>C with maternal origin. Both of these variants have not been reported to date. They are predicted to be pathogenic based on these clinical symptoms and comprehensive software analysis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first reported family study of congenital hypothyroidism with SLC5A5 mutation in China. Next-generation sequencing technology is an effective means of studying the genetics of congenital hypothyroidism. The therapeutic effect of potassium iodide needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Gong
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jinqi Zhao
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haihe Yang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
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7
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Molina MF, Papendieck P, Sobrero G, Balbi VA, Belforte FS, Martínez EB, Adrover E, Olcese MC, Chiesa A, Miras MB, González VG, Pio MG, González-Sarmiento R, Targovnik HM, Rivolta CM. Mutational screening of the TPO and DUOX2 genes in Argentinian children with congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis. Endocrine 2022; 77:86-101. [PMID: 35507000 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common endocrine disease in children and one of the preventable causes of both cognitive and motor deficits. We present a genetic and bioinformatics investigation of rational clinical design in 17 Argentine patients suspected of CH due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis (TDH). METHODS Next-Generation Sequencing approach was used to identify variants in Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) and Dual Oxidase 2 (DUOX2) genes. A custom panel targeting 7 genes associated with TDH [(TPO), Iodothyrosine Deiodinase I (IYD), Solute Carrier Family 26 Member 4 (SLC26A4), Thyroglobulin (TG), DUOX2, Dual Oxidase Maturation Factor 2 (DUOXA2), Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 5 (SLC5A5)] and 4 associated with thyroid dysembryogenesis [PAX8, FOXE1, NKX2-1, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR)] has been designed. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis and structural modeling were carried out to predict the disease-causing potential variants. RESULTS Four novel variants have been identified, two in TPO: c.2749-2 A > C and c.2752_2753delAG, [p.Ser918Cysfs*62] and two variants in DUOX2 gene: c.425 C > G [p.Pro142Arg] and c.2695delC [p.Gln899Serfs*21]. Eighteen identified TPO, DUOX2 and IYD variants were previously described. We identified potentially pahogenic biallelic variants in TPO and DUOX2 in 7 and 2 patients, respectively. We also detected a potentially pathogenic monoallelic variant in TPO and DUOX2 in 7 and 1 patients respectively. CONCLUSIONS 22 variants have been identified associated with TDH. All described novel mutations occur in domains important for protein structure and function, predicting the TDH phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricel F Molina
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Papendieck
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Sobrero
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Santísima Trinidad, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Viviana A Balbi
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica", La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella S Belforte
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elena Bueno Martínez
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular-Departamento de Medicina, IBMCC and IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, España
| | - Ezequiela Adrover
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Olcese
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Chiesa
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirta B Miras
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Santísima Trinidad, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica G González
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica", La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular-Departamento de Medicina, IBMCC and IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, España
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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8
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Li M, Li X, Wang F, Ren Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Shen L, Zhao D, ShiguoLiu. Genetic analysis of iodide transporter and recycling (NIS, PDS, SLC26A7, IYD) in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. Gene X 2022; 824:146402. [PMID: 35276235 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Department of Medical Genetic, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaole Li
- Neonatal Screening Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Endocrinology Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yubao Ren
- Neonatal Screening Center, Shengli Hospital of Shengli Oilfield, Dongying, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetic, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingli Wang
- Department of Medical Genetic, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Medical Genetic, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Neonatal Screening Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - ShiguoLiu
- Department of Medical Genetic, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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9
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Kollati Y, Akella RRD, Naushad SM, Patel RK, Reddy GB, Dirisala VR. Molecular insights into the role of genetic determinants of congenital hypothyroidism. Genomics Inform 2021; 19:e29. [PMID: 34638176 PMCID: PMC8510868 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we have demonstrated the association of certain variants of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and thyroglobulin (TG) genes with congenital hypothyroidism. Herein, we explored the mechanistic basis for this association using different in silico tools. The mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) plays key roles in gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In TSHR variants (rs2268477, rs7144481, and rs17630128), the binding affinity of microRNAs (miRs) (hsa-miR-154-5p, hsa-miR-376a-2-5p, hsa-miR-3935, hsa-miR-4280, and hsa-miR-6858-3p) to the 3'-UTR is disrupted, affecting post-transcriptional gene regulation. TPO and TG are the two key proteins necessary for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones in the presence of iodide and H2O2. Reduced stability of these proteins leads to aberrant biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. Compared to the wild-type TPO protein, the p.S398T variant was found to exhibit less stability and significant rearrangements of intra-atomic bonds affecting the stoichiometry and substrate binding (binding energies, ΔG of wild-type vs. mutant: ‒15 vs. ‒13.8 kcal/mol; and dissociation constant, Kd of wild-type vs. mutant: 7.2E-12 vs. 7.0E-11 M). The missense mutations p.G653D and p.R1999W on the TG protein showed altered ΔG (0.24 kcal/mol and 0.79 kcal/mol, respectively). In conclusion, an in silico analysis of TSHR genetic variants in the 3'-UTR showed that they alter the binding affinities of different miRs. The TPO protein structure and mutant protein complex (p.S398T) are less stable, with potentially deleterious effects. A structural and energy analysis showed that TG mutations (p.G653D and p.R1999W) reduce the stability of the TG protein and affect its structure-functional relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedukondalu Kollati
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's University, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
| | - Radha Rama Devi Akella
- Department of Genetics, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500009, India.,Department of Biochemical Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Sandor Speciality Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034, India
| | - Shaik Mohammad Naushad
- Department of Biochemical Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Sandor Speciality Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034, India
| | - Rajesh K Patel
- Department of Genetics, Genetic Group of Gujarat Diagnostic Centre, Mehsana, Gujarat 384002, India
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Vijaya R Dirisala
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's University, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
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10
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Li M, Tian W, Wang F, Yang C, Zhang L, Tang Q, Liu S, Wang F. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase mutation analysis in Chinese patients with thyroid dysgenesis. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:89-98. [PMID: 34545694 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid dysgenesis (TD) accounts for 80% cases of congenital hypothyroidism, which is the most common neonatal disorder. Until now, the gene mutations have been reported associated with TD can only account for 5% cases, suggesting the genetic heterogeneity of the pathology. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) plays a crucial role in regulating redox homeostasis, patients carrying NNT mutations have been described with a clinical phenotype of hypothyroidism. As TD risk is increased in the context of several syndromes and redox homeostasis is vital for thyroid development and function, NNT might be a candidate gene involved in syndromic TD. Therefore, we performed target sequencing (TS) in 289 TD patients for causative mutations in NNT and conducted functional analysis of the gene mutations. TS and Sanger sequence were used to screen the novel mutations. For functional analysis, we performed western blot, measurement of NADPH/NADPtotal and H2 O2 generation, cell proliferation, and wounding healing assay. As a result, three presumably pathogenic mutations (c.811G > A, p.Ala271Ser; c.2078G > A, p.Arg693His; and c.2581G > A, p.Val861Met) in NNT had been identified. Our results showed the damaging effect of NNT mutations on stability and catalytic activity of proteins and redox balance of cells. In conclusion, our findings provided novel insights into the role of the NNT isotype in thyroid physiopathology and broaden the spectrum of pathogenic genes associated with TD. However, the pathogenic mechanism of NNT in TD is still need to be investigated in further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Weibing Tian
- Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Newborn Screening Center, Weifang, China
| | - Fengqi Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Tang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical Genetic Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao, China
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11
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Pio MG, Siffo S, Scheps KG, Molina MF, Adrover E, Abelleyro MM, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Curating the gnomAD database: Report of novel variants in the thyrogobulin gene using in silico bioinformatics algorithms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111359. [PMID: 34119605 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) is a large glycosylated protein of 2767 amino acids, secreted by the thyrocytes into the follicular lumen. It plays an essential role in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis. TG gene variants lead to permanent congenital hypothyroidism. In the present work, we report a detailed population and bioinformatic prediction analyses of the TG variants indexed in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The results showed a clear predominance of nonsense variants in the European (Finnish), European (Non-Finnish) and Ashkenazi Jewish ethnic groups, whereas the splice site variants predominate in South Asian and African/African-American populations. In total, 282 novel TG variants were described (47 missense involving the wild-type cysteine residues, 177 missense located in the ChEL domain and 58 splice site variants) which were not reported in the literature and that would have deleterious effects in prediction programs. In the gnomAD population, the estimated prevalence of heterozygous carriers of the potentially damaging variants was 1:320. In conclusion, we provide an updated and curated reference source for the diagnosis of thyroid disease, mainly to congenital hypothyroidism due to TG deficiency. The identification and characterization of TG variants is undoubtedly a valuable approach to study the TG structure/function relations and an important tool for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen G Scheps
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiela Adrover
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel M Abelleyro
- CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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Alcántara-Ortigoza MA, Sánchez-Verdiguel I, Fernández-Hernández L, Enríquez-Flores S, González-Núñez A, Hernández-Martínez NL, Sánchez C, González-del Angel A. Further Evidence That Defects in Main Thyroid Dysgenesis-Related Genes Are an Uncommon Etiology for Primary Congenital Hypothyroidism in Mexican Patients: Report of Rare Variants in FOXE1, NKX2-5 and TSHR. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060457. [PMID: 34070861 PMCID: PMC8227333 DOI: 10.3390/children8060457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mexico shows a high birth prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD). PAX8 defects underlie only 1% of these cases and NKX2-1 does not seem to be involved. Here, we analyzed other TD-related genes in 128 non-related Mexican patients (females 77.3%; 6 months to 16.6 years) with non-syndromic CH-TD diagnosis established by clinical evaluation, thyroid hormone serum profiling, and scintigraphy (74%) or ultrasonography (26%). We performed Sanger sequencing of FOXE1, NKX2-5, and TSHR and evaluated copy number variations (CNVs) in TSHR, FOXE1, PAX8, and NKX2-1 by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Odds ratios for TD risk were explored for FOXE1 polyalanine stretches [polyAla-rs71369530] in cases and controls (N = 116). Five rare missense changes cataloged as benign (NKX2-5:p.(Ala119Ser)-rs137852684), of unknown significance (FOXE1:p.(Ala335Gly)-rs543372757; TSHR:p.(Asp118Asn)-rs1414102266), and likely pathogenic (FOXE1:p.(Gly124Arg)-rs774035532; TSHR:p.(Trp422Arg)-rs746029360) accounted for 1.5% (N = 2/128) of clinically relevant genotypes (supported in part by protein modeling) in CH-TD. No CNVs were identified, nor did polyAla > 14 alanines in FOXE1 significantly protect against TD. The present and previously published data collectively show that small clinically relevant germline variants in PAX8, FOXE1, and TSHR are found in only a very small proportion (2.5%) of isolated CH-TD Mexican patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Alcántara-Ortigoza
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Subdirección de Investigación Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico; (M.A.A.-O.); (L.F.-H.); (N.L.H.-M.)
| | - Iraís Sánchez-Verdiguel
- Consulta Externa, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico;
| | - Liliana Fernández-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Subdirección de Investigación Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico; (M.A.A.-O.); (L.F.-H.); (N.L.H.-M.)
| | - Sergio Enríquez-Flores
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico;
| | - Aidy González-Núñez
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad de Nuevo León, Guadalupe CP 67140, Mexico;
| | - Nancy Leticia Hernández-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Subdirección de Investigación Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico; (M.A.A.-O.); (L.F.-H.); (N.L.H.-M.)
| | - Carmen Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Seguimiento del Neurodesarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico;
| | - Ariadna González-del Angel
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Subdirección de Investigación Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico CP 04530, Mexico; (M.A.A.-O.); (L.F.-H.); (N.L.H.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-1084-0900 (ext. 1306)
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13
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Citterio CE, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Structure and genetic variants of thyroglobulin: Pathophysiological implications. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111227. [PMID: 33689781 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) plays a main role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (TH), and, thus, it is involved in a wide range of vital functions throughout the life cycle of all vertebrates. Deficiency of TH production due to TG genetic variants causes congenital hypothyroidism (CH), with devastating consequences such as intellectual disability and impaired growth if untreated. To this day, 229 variations in the human TG gene have been identified while the 3D structure of TG has recently appeared. Although TG deficiency is thought to be of autosomal recessive inheritance, the introduction of massive sequencing platforms led to the identification of a variety of monoallelic TG variants (combined with mutations in other thyroid gene products) opening new questions regarding the possibility of oligogenic inheritance of the disease. In this review we discuss remarkable advances in the understanding of the TG architecture and the pathophysiology of CH associated with TG defects, providing new insights for the management of congenital disorders as well as counseling benefits for families with a history of TG abnormalities. Moreover, we summarize relevant aspects of TH synthesis within TG and offer an updated analysis of animal and cellular models of TG deficiency for pathophysiological studies of thyroid dyshormonogenesis while highlighting perspectives for new investigations. All in all, even though there has been sustained progress in understanding the role of TG in thyroid pathophysiology during the past 50 years, functional characterization of TG variants remains an important area of study for future advancement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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14
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Li L, Jia C, Li X, Wang F, Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu S, Zhao D. Molecular and clinical characteristics of congenital hypothyroidism in a large cohort study based on comprehensive thyroid transcription factor mutation screening in Henan. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 518:162-169. [PMID: 33773966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), the most common neonatal endocrine disorder worldwide, can be caused by variants in thyroid transcription factor (TTF) genes including NKX2-1, FOXE1, PAX8, NKX2-5 and HHEX. This study aims to perform targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel for comprehensive mutation screening on these genes in a cohort of 606 CH patients with various types from Henan Province, China, to investigate the mutation rate of TTF genes, and to analyze the clinical, biochemical and molecular characteristics of our CH cohort. METHODS High-throughput sequencing combined with statistical calculation were applied for mutation screening and analyses of the clinical data. RESULTS Twenty-two likely disease-causing monoallelic mutations in the TTF genes were identified in our cohort (3.63%, 22/606). Mutated PAX8 was the most predominant genetic alteration among these TTF mutations. Interestingly, PAX8 defects were only found in TD cases and variants in the five TTF genes were detected in gland in situ (GIS) patients. CH patients with the same genotype may have significant phenotypic variability and permanent CH (PCH) patients in the GIS group were significantly fewer than those in the TD group. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the estimated TTF mutation rate among CH cases was 3.63% in Henan Province and genetic alternations in TTF genes played a role not only in TD but also in GIS, especially in goiter. Although we speculated that the five TTF genes may be involved in certain steps of thyroid hormone biosynthesis, more researches are needed to verify the conclusions of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshan Li
- Medical Genetic Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenlu Jia
- Department of Henan Newborn Screening Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaole Li
- Department of Henan Newborn Screening Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Endocrinology Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Endocrinology Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Medical Genetic Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Department of Henan Newborn Screening Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Pio MG, Molina MF, Siffo S, Chiesa A, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. A novel mutation in intron 11 donor splice site, responsible of a rare genotype in thyroglobulin gene by altering the pre-mRNA splincing process. Cell expression and bioinformatic analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 522:111124. [PMID: 33321114 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) is a homodimeric glycoprotein synthesized by the thyroid gland. To date, two hundred twenty-seven variations of the TG gene have been identified in humans. Thyroid dyshormonogenesis due to TG gene mutations have an estimated incidence of approximately 1 in 100,000 newborns. The clinical spectrum ranges from euthyroid to mild or severe hypothyroidism. The purpose of the present study was to identify and characterize new variants in the TG gene. We report an Argentine patient with congenital hypothyroidism, enlarged thyroid gland and low levels of serum TG. Sequencing of DNA, expression of chimeric minigenes as well as bioinformatics analysis were performed. DNA sequencing identified the presence of compound heterozygous mutations in the TG gene: the maternal mutation consists of a c.3001+5G > A, whereas the paternal mutation consists of p.Arg296*. Minigen analysis of the variant c.3001+5A performed in HeLa, CV1 and Hek293T cell lines, showed a total lack of transcript expression. So, in order to validate that the loss of expression was caused by such variation, site-directed mutagenesis was performed on the mutated clone, which previously had a pSPL3 vector change, to give rise to a wild-type clone c.3001+5G, endorsing that the mutation c.3001+5G > A is the cause of the total lack of expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the c.3001+5G > A mutation causes a rare genotype, altering the splicing of the pre-mRNA. This work contributes to elucidating the molecular bases of TG defects associated with congenital hypothyroidism and expands our knowledge in relation to the pathologic roles of the position 5 in the donor splice site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Chiesa
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Altaraihi M, Hansen TVO, Santoni-Rugiu E, Rossing M, Rasmussen ÅK, Gerdes AM, Wadt K. Prevalence of Pathogenic Germline DICER1 Variants in Young Individuals Thyroidectomised Due to Goitre - A National Danish Cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727970. [PMID: 34552563 PMCID: PMC8451242 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DICER1 syndrome encompasses a variety of benign and malignant manifestations including multinodular goitre, which is the most common manifestation among individuals carrying pathogenic DICER1 variants. This is the first study estimating the prevalence of pathogenic DICER1 variants in young individuals with multinodular goitre. METHODS Danish individuals diagnosed with nodular goitre based on thyroidectomy samples in 2001-2016 with the age limit at time of operation being ≤ 25 years were offered germline DICER1 gene testing. RESULTS Six of 46 individuals, 13% (CI [3.3;22.7], p <0.05), diagnosed with nodular goitre on the basis of thyroidectomy samples under the age of 25 years had pathogenic germline variants in DICER1. They were found in different pathoanatomical nodular goitre cohorts i.e. nodular goitre (n=2), colloid nodular goitre (n=3) and hyperplastic nodular goitre (n=1). CONCLUSIONS We recommend referral of patients thyroidectomised due to goitre aged <21 years and patients thyroidectomised due to goitre aged <25 years with a family history of goitre to genetic counselling. Patients of all ages thyroidectomised due to goitre, who are affected by another DICER1 manifestation should be referred to genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mays Altaraihi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Mays Altaraihi,
| | - Thomas van Overeem Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Santoni-Rugiu
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Åse Krogh Rasmussen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin Wadt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang J, Han R, Shen L, Xie J, Xiao Y, Jiang L, Zhou W, Li H, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Wang S, Ye L, Wang W. Mild TPO deficiency characterized by progressive goiter and normal serum TSH level. Endocrine 2020; 68:599-606. [PMID: 32078117 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mild thyroid peroxidase (TPO) deficiency is rare and can be extremely occult. This study aimed to replenish the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of mild TPO deficiency. METHODS Four unrelated patients with progressive goiter were described in this study. Genes associated with congenital hypothyroidism were analyzed and in vitro functional experiments were conducted to evaluate the residual TPO enzyme activities of each mutant. RESULTS The four patients (age: 5-27 years old) were characterized by progressive goiter, discordant alteration in thyroid hormones with free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio ranging from 0.557 to 1.012, two with slightly elevated TSH level and two with normal TSH level. Six different mutations of TPO gene were identified including three novel mutations (p.Glu337Lys, p.Ala544Val, and p.Glu641Lysfs∗21). Two mutants (p.Asp224del and p.Ala544Val) with residual TPO activity of 41 and 65% may explain the mild TPO-deficient picture in our study. After levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy, three patients showed gradual decline of FT3 to FT4 ratio and two patients showed reduced thyroid size. CONCLUSION Patients with mild TPO deficiency can present with progressive goiter, normal TSH level, and largely reserved TPO activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Rulai Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Liyun Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Haorong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ziyuan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Shu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Lei Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Shanghai E-institute for Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
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18
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Citterio CE, Siffo S, Moya CM, Pio MG, Molina MF, Scheps KG, Rey OA, Arvan P, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. p.L571P in the linker domain of rat thyroglobulin causes intracellular retention. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 505:110719. [PMID: 31972331 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG), a large glycosylated protein secreted by thyrocytes into the thyroid follicular lumen, plays an essential role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Rattus norvegicus TG (rTG) is encoded by a large single copy gene, 186-kb long, located on chromosome 7 composed of 48 exons encoding a 8461-kb mRNA. Although the TG gene displays sequence variability, many missense mutations do not impose any adverse effect on the TG protein, whereas other nucleotide substitutions may affect its TG stability and/or TG intracellular trafficking. In order to gain a further understanding of the protein domains regulating its intracellular fate, we cloned a full-length cDNA from rTG into the pcDNA6/V5-His B expression vector. However, transient expression of the cDNA in HEK293T cells showed that the encoded protein was not a wild-type molecule, as it was unable to be secreted in the culture supernatant. Sequencing analyses revealed three random mutations, which accidentally emerged during the course of cloning: c.1712T>C [p.L571P] in the linker domain (amino acid positions 360 to 604), c.2027A>G [p.Q676R] in TG type 1-6 repeat and c.2720A>G [p.Q907R] in the TG type 1-7 repeat. Expression of cDNAs encoding a combination of two mutations [p.Q676R-p.Q907R], [p.L571P-p.Q907R] or [p.L571P-p.Q676R] indicated that any TG bearing the p.L571P substitution was trapped intracellularly. Indeed, we expressed the single point mutant p.L571P and confirmed that this point mutation was sufficient to cause intracellular retention of mutant TG in HEK293T cells. Endo H analysis showed that the p.L571P mutant is completely sensitive to the enzyme, whereas the will-type TG acquires full N-glycan modifications in Golgi apparatus. This data suggest that the p.L571P mutant contains the mannose-type N-glycan, that was added at the first stage of glycosylation. Complex-type N-glycan formation in the Golgi apparatus does not occur, consistent with defective endoplasmic reticulum exit of the mutant TG. Moreover, predictive analysis of the 3D linker domain showed that the p.L571P mutation would result in a significant protein conformational change. In conclusion, our studies identified a novel amino acid residue within the linker domain of TG associated with its conformational maturation and intracellular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian M Moya
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen G Scheps
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo A Rey
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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19
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Targovnik HM, Scheps KG, Rivolta CM. Defects in protein folding in congenital hypothyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110638. [PMID: 31751626 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common endocrine disease in children and one of the most common preventable causes of both cognitive and motor deficits. CH is a heterogeneous group of thyroid disorders in which inadequate production of thyroid hormone occurs due to defects in proteins involved in the gland organogenesis (dysembryogenesis) or in multiple steps of thyroid hormone biosynthesis (dyshormonogenesis). Dysembryogenesis is associated with genes responsible for the development or growth of thyroid cells: such as NKX2-1, FOXE1, PAX8, NKX2-5, TSHR, TBX1, CDCA8, HOXD3 and HOXB3 resulting in agenesis, hypoplasia or ectopia of thyroid gland. Nevertheless, the etiology of the dysembryogenesis remains unknown for most cases. In contrast, the majority of patients with dyshormonogenesis has been linked to mutations in the SLC5A5, SLC26A4, SLC26A7, TPO, DUOX1, DUOX2, DUOXA1, DUOXA2, IYD or TG genes, which usually originate goiter. About 800 genetic mutations have been reported to cause CH in patients so far, including missense, nonsense, in-frame deletion and splice-site variations. Many of these mutations are implicated in specific domains, cysteine residues or glycosylation sites, affecting the maturation of nascent proteins that go through the secretory pathway. Consequently, misfolded proteins are permanently entrapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are translocated to the cytosol for proteasomal degradation by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery. Despite of all these remarkable advances in the field of the CH pathogenesis, several points on the development of this disease remain to be elucidated. The continuous study of thyroid gene mutations with the application of new technologies will be useful for the understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms related to CH. In this review we summarize the present status of knowledge on the disorders in the protein folding caused by thyroid genes mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Karen G Scheps
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Kiess W, Kirstein A, Kratzsch J, Pfaeffle R. Hypo- and hyperthyroidism in early life - new developments. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:1199-1201. [PMID: 31702997 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wieland Kiess
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, Center of Paediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Kirstein
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, Center of Paediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Pfaeffle
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, Center of Paediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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