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Overstreet DS, Strath LJ, Jordan M, Jordan IA, Hobson JM, Owens MA, Williams AC, Edwards RR, Meints SM. A Brief Overview: Sex Differences in Prevalent Chronic Musculoskeletal Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4521. [PMID: 36901530 PMCID: PMC10001545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain disorders are some of the most prevalent and disabling chronic pain conditions worldwide. These chronic conditions have a considerable impact on the quality of life of individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems. Unfortunately, the burden of MSK pain disorders does not fall equally across the sexes. Females consistently demonstrate more prevalent and severe clinical presentations of MSK disorders, and this disparity increases in magnitude with age. The aim of the present article is to review recent studies that have examined sex differences between males and females in four of the most common MSK pain disorders: neck pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demario S. Overstreet
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Woman’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Larissa J. Strath
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
- Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Indonesia A. Jordan
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Joanna M. Hobson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Michael A. Owens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Adrian C. Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Woman’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert R. Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Woman’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha M. Meints
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Woman’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Baradaran Mahdavi S, Mazaheri-Tehrani S, Riahi R, Vahdatpour B, Kelishadi R. Sedentary behavior and neck pain in children and adolescents; a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 12:240-248. [PMID: 36686056 PMCID: PMC9808908 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2022.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior (SB) is considered a risk factor for musculoskeletal pain. We aimed to explore the association of sedentary behavior indicators with neck pain among children and adolescents. Methods: A comprehensive review was performed in different databases until the end of January 2022. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were used as desired effect sizes to evaluate the association between prolonged screen time or mobile phone (MP) usage and neck pain risk. Results: Among 1651 records, 15 cross-sectional studies were included in the systematic review, and 7 reports were included in the meta-analysis. Our results suggested a significant relationship between prolonged MP use and neck pain (OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.001-1.85, I2=40.8%, P value for heterogeneity test=0.119). Furthermore, a marginally insignificant association was found between prolonged screen time and neck pain (OR=1.13, 95% CI=0.98-1.30, I2=60.3%, P value=0.01); however, after sensitivity analysis and removing one study, this association became significant (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.03-1.64). Moreover, a significant association between prolonged sitting time and neck pain was reported in two studies. Conclusion: Available good-quality evidence reveals a significant mild association between sedentary behavior and the risk of neck pain among children and adolescents. However, longitudinal studies with objective measurement tools are warranted. In particular, potential preventive educational programs are suggested for pediatrics to reduce sedentary behavior and neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Baradaran Mahdavi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani,
; Roya Kelishadi,
| | - Roya Riahi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Vahdatpour
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani,
; Roya Kelishadi,
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Aukštikalnis T, Sinkevičius R, Rašimaitė O, Šidlauskienė A, Aukštikalnytė AE, Dulskas A, Jasiūnas E, Raistenskis J. The Effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on Lithuanian adolescent's nonspecific low back pain, depending on the duration: Nonrandomized single-arm trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30940. [PMID: 36254080 PMCID: PMC9575741 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine pain and functional changes during comprehensive rehabilitation (CR) in adolescents with nonspecific low back pain (NLBP), and to determine the optimal CR duration. METHODS The study included 106 adolescents (39 boys [36.8%], 67 girls [63.2%]), 14 to17 years old, with the following inclusion criteria: duration of NLBP for at least 12 weeks; conservative NLBP treatment was effectless; pain intensity using the visual analogue pain scale (VAS) ≤ 7 points; disrupted daily activities; ability to understand and answer the questions; written consent to participate voluntarily in the study. The pain was assessed using the VAS scale, functional changes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 12-Item Short Form Survey, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and physical functional capacity and proprioception (Proprio) were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. The participants performed a comprehensive pain rehabilitation program consisting of physiotherapy, TENS, magnetotherapy, lumbar massage, and relaxing vibroacoustic therapy. The active CR cycle lasted for 22 sessions (with intermediate measurements after 5 and 16 sessions), after which we performed passive observation for another half a year. Five measurements were performed. RESULTS Pain, functional assessment, and physical capacity were improved with CR. Statistically significant improvement became apparent after 5 CR sessions, but statistical and clinical significance became apparent after 16 CR sessions. In the distant period, after the completion of CR, neither statistical nor clinical changes occurred. CONCLUSIONS CR is effective in reducing pain, and improving functional state and physical capacity quickly and reliably in 16 CR sessions, which is sufficient to obtain clinically satisfactory CR results. Good results were achieved during CR and neither improved nor deteriorated spontaneously in the distant period. This study shows a possible mismatch between NLBP intensity and impaired functional state in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Aukštikalnis
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius university hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Tomas Aukštikalnis, Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, M. K. Ciurlionio str. 21, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania (e-mail: , )
| | - Romualdas Sinkevičius
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius university hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Odeta Rašimaitė
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius university hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Šidlauskienė
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius university hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Emilija Aukštikalnytė
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Academic Teaching Department of Medical University Innsbruck, Bolzano/Bozen, Italy
| | - Audrius Dulskas
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Juozas Raistenskis
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius university hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Shinde N, Kanabar DJ, Miles LJ. Narrative review of the prevalence and distribution of acute pain in children in the self-care setting. PAEDIATRIC & NEONATAL PAIN 2022; 4:169-191. [PMID: 36618510 PMCID: PMC9798044 DOI: 10.1002/pne2.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute pain among children is common, yet it may be underestimated and undertreated if the pain is not recognized. Assessing and managing pediatric pain can be complicated, and as such, measuring the prevalence of acute pain in children can be challenging. We sought to provide a consolidated review of the available data on the prevalence of commonly occurring acute pain in children in the self-care setting. An extensive literature search was performed to determine the prevalence of acute pain at multiple bodily locations in children aged between 3 months and 18 years. We considered the influence of age, sex, and sociodemographic factors on prevalence estimates. We also sought to identify some of the challenges involved in assessing and managing pediatric pain, thus shedding light on areas where there may be clinical and medical unmet needs. In general, a high prevalence of acute pain in children was detected, particularly headache, menstruation-related pain, and dental and back pain. Older age, female sex, and lower socioeconomic status were associated with increased pain prevalence. Risk factors were identified for all pain types and included psychological issues, stress, and unhealthy lifestyle habits. Owing to the heterogeneity in study populations, the prevalence estimates varied widely; there was also heterogeneity in the pain assessment tools utilized. The paucity of information regarding pain prevalence appears to be out of proportion with the burden of acute pain in children. This could indicate that clinicians may not be equipped with an optimal pain management strategy to guide their practice, especially regarding the use of developmentally appropriate pain assessment tools, without which prevalence data may not be captured. If acute pain is not accurately identified, it cannot be optimally treated. Further investigation is required to determine how the information from prevalence studies translates to the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutan Shinde
- Reckitt Benckiser plc (Global Headquarters)BerkshireUK
| | | | - Lisa J. Miles
- Reckitt Benckiser plc (Global Headquarters)BerkshireUK
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Three in Every 10 School-aged Children in Brazil Report Back Pain in Any Given Year: 12-Month Prospective Cohort Study of Prevalence, Incidence, and Prognosis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022; 52:554-562. [PMID: 35722760 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2022.10819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence, incidence, and prognosis of back pain in children and adolescents. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS We followed children and adolescents between the ages of 8 and 18 years with and without back pain over 12 months (3, 6, and 12 months) from public and private schools. At baseline, parents (or guardians) answered questionnaires including sociodemographic characteristics and perception of sleep quality of their children and adolescents. Children and adolescents answered questionnaires including sociodemographic characteristics, presence of back pain, pain intensity, quality of life, and psychosomatic symptoms. At follow-up, children and adolescents answered questions about the presence of back pain. RESULTS Six hundred fifteen children and adolescents were included, 163 of whom had back pain and 452 of whom had no back pain at baseline. The mean age of participants was 11.6 years (SD = 2.5), and the majority were female (n = 362; 59%). The 1-month prevalence of back pain was 26% (95% confidence interval: 23%-30%). The incidence rate of back pain was 35% (31%-40%) over 12 months. Of the 163 participants who had back pain at baseline, 83% had recovered by 12 months. Of those who recovered within 6 months, 31% had a recurrence of back pain at the 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION Two to 3 in every 10 children and adolescents reported back pain in the last month. New cases of back pain were reported by 3-4 in every 10 children and adolescents for a period of 12 months. Nearly all children recover within 12 months, but recurrence seems to be common. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(8):554-562. Epub: 19 June 2022. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10819.
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NeJhaddadgar N, Tavafian SS, Ziapour A, Mehedi N, Jamshidi AR, Gahvareh R. Effects of School-Based Educational Program on Backpack Carrying Behavior in Teenage Students. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221086251. [PMID: 35345936 PMCID: PMC8969496 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221086251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most serious issues is the growing prevalence of backaches among adolescent students as a result of carrying backpacks. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an education program (remedial information) on the school backpack carrying habits of adolescent students. The study sample consisted of 138 adolescent students aged 12 to 16 from 4 schools who were randomly assigned to either the experimental (N = 69) or control (N = 69) groups. The experimental group was subjected to a 6-week education program consisting of 6 sessions, whereas the control group received no educational intervention. During the pre-test and 3 months after the intervention, participants completed a questionnaire. The results (healthy items) were as follows: (1) carry as little as possible, (2) carry a school backpack on both shoulders, and (3) use lockers or something similar. After a 3-month follow-up, healthy items in the experimental group improved, but no significant changes were observed in the control group. When compared to the baseline, the experimental group’s healthy backpack usage habits improved significantly at the post-test (P = .001). The current study’s findings show that school-based education interventions on backpack behaviors improve the school-bag carrying habits of adolescent students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila NeJhaddadgar
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univetsity, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Health Promotion and Education, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univetsity, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Ziapour
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nafiul Mehedi
- Department of Social Work, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmad Rreza Jamshidi
- Rheomatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohallah Gahvareh
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Al-Janabi N, Olesen AE, Straszek CL, Guldhammer C, Rathleff MS, Andreucci A. Pain medication use for musculoskeletal pain among children and adolescents: a systematic review. Scand J Pain 2021; 21:653-670. [PMID: 34506696 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Musculoskeletal pain is common among children and adolescents. Despite the lack of evidence regarding harms and benefits, musculoskeletal pain is often managed with pain medication. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of pain medication use for musculoskeletal pain among children and adolescents and the factors and side effects associated with use. CONTENT Three databases (EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO) were systematically searched to identify studies designed to examine the prevalence, frequency or factors associated with the use of pain medication for musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents (aged 6-19 years). The included studies were assessed for study quality and data were extracted. SUMMARY The search initially provided 20,135 studies. After screening titles, abstracts and full-texts, 20 studies were included. In school settings, 8-42% of children used pain medication for musculoskeletal pain, and 67-75% of children in sports clubs and from pain clinics used pain medication. The most consistent factors associated with the use of pain medications were pain characteristics and psychological factors (e.g. being bullied, low-self-esteem), while mixed evidence was found for increasing age and female gender. Only two studies reported on the duration of use and only one study on adverse effects related to the use of pain medication. OUTLOOK We found that 8-42% of adolescents from school-based samples use pain medication for MSK pain, while the prevalence among adolescents from sports clubs and pain clinics is higher (67-75%). Pain characteristics (pain duration, severity, intensity, disability levels and the presence of ≥2 pain conditions or multisite pain) and psychological factors were associated with a higher use of pain medication, while for higher age and female gender the evidence of association was mixed. Future studies should systematically collect information on the type, duration of use of pain medication and side effects to confirm the findings of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Al-Janabi
- Center for General Practice, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Estrup Olesen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christian Lund Straszek
- Center for General Practice, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Physiotherapy, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Clara Guldhammer
- Center for General Practice, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Michael Skovdal Rathleff
- Center for General Practice, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Rezapur-Shahkolai F, Gheysvandi E, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Tapak L, Heidarimoghadam R, Dianat I. Identification of factors related to behaviors associated with musculoskeletal pain among elementary students. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:527. [PMID: 34103028 PMCID: PMC8188695 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pains are among evident health problems in children and adolescents. Backpack carrying behaviors and the sitting postures are among behavioral factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in schoolchildren. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors related to these important musculoskeletal behaviors, using Health Promotion Models. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was created based on PRECEDE Model and Health Belief Model and was administered to 673 Iranian students, whom were selected randomly from elementary schools of Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. RESULTS The findings of the study revealed that proper sitting postures and backpack carrying were 42 and 33%, respectively. The findings also showed that predisposing factors including perceived susceptibility (p < 0.05, β = 0.219), perceived severity (p < 0.05, β = 0.166), perceived barriers (p < 0.05, β = - 0.191), perceived self-efficacy (p < 0.05, β = 0.188) and also enabling factors (p < 0.05, β = 0.329) were significantly related to sitting behaviors. Moreover, backpack carrying behaviors had significant relationships with predisposing factors of perceived susceptibility (p < 0.05, β = 0.198), perceived barriers (p < 0.05, β = - 0.258), perceived self-efficacy (p < 0.05, β = 0.185) and reinforcing factors (p < 0.05, β = 0.208). CONCLUSIONS It seems necessary for future preventive programs to take factors of musculoskeletal pains among children and adolescents into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Elham Gheysvandi
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Modeling of Non-communicable diseases research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rashid Heidarimoghadam
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iman Dianat
- Department of Occupational Health and Ergonomics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hanphitakphong P, Keeratisiroj O, Thawinchai N. Smartphone addiction and its association with upper body musculoskeletal symptoms among university students classified by age and gender. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:394-400. [PMID: 34083877 PMCID: PMC8165358 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purposes of this study were to: 1) survey smartphone addiction among
university students, 2) survey the prevalence of upper body musculoskeletal symptoms in
relation to the respondents’ sitting posture, and 3) determine the association between
smartphone addiction and upper body musculoskeletal symptoms, classified by age and
gender. [Participants and Methods] Two self-report questionnaires were employed to collect
data from 2,645 university students in Chiang Mai, Thailand. [Results] Of 2,027
respondents (860 males and 1,167 females), the participants’ ages ranged from 18 to
26 years with a mean age of 20.5 ± 1.38 years. The prevalence of smartphone addiction and
upper body musculoskeletal symptoms among participants were 15.9% and 30%, respectively.
Overall, the mean value of pain severity was 3.66 ± 1.67 out of 10 on the visual analog
scale. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smartphone addiction
(OR=6.05, 95% CI: 4.68–7.84), was significantly associated with upper-body musculoskeletal
symptoms when adjusted by age and gender. [Conclusion] The prevalence of upper body
musculoskeletal symptoms was relatively high, especially for female smartphone users and
students aged over 20 years. These results suggest that smartphone addiction may be a
potential risk factor for upper body musculoskeletal symptoms in university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Hanphitakphong
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Orawan Keeratisiroj
- Division of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University: 99 moo 9 Muang Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Nuanlaor Thawinchai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
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de Vitta A, Bento TPF, Perrucini PDO, Felippe LA, Poli-Frederico RC, Borghi SM. Neck pain and associated factors in a sample of high school students in the city of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil: cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2021; 139:38-45. [PMID: 33656126 PMCID: PMC9632505 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0168.r1.30102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is a major public health problem. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of neck pain among high school students and to analyze associations with sociodemographic variables, use of electronic devices, habitual physical activity practices and mental health problems. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional epidemiological study on a sample of high school students in the city of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD Participants were selected through cluster sampling in two stages and data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Data collection comprised the following steps: 1. sociodemographic characteristics; 2. use of electronic devices; 3. habitual physical activity levels; 3. mental health; and 4. neck pain. RESULTS A total of 1,628 participants were interviewed. The prevalence of neck pain was 49.1% (95% confidence interval, CI 46.7 to 51.5), with 40.4% (95% CI 37.0 to 43.7) in men and 57.5% (95% CI 54.2 to 60.9) in women. The variables associated with in neck pain were: female (prevalence ratio, PR = 2.04), use of cell phone in standing posture (PR = 1.47), use of tablet in sitting posture (PR = 1.72), length of computer use greater than 3 hours/day (PR = 1.54), length of cell phone use greater than 3 hours/day (PR = 1.54), length of tablet use greater than 3 hours/ day (PR = 1.34) and mental health problems (PR = 1.56). CONCLUSION There is high prevalence of neck pain among students and striking associations with female sex, use of electronic devices and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto de Vitta
- PT, PhD. Physiotherapist and Assistant Professor, Centro Universitário das Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Ourinhos (SP), Brazil.
| | | | | | - Lilian Assunção Felippe
- PT, PhD. Physiotherapist and Assistant Professor, Universidade Anhanguera (UNIDERP), Campo Grande (MS), Brazil.
| | | | - Sergio Marques Borghi
- PT, PhD. Physiotherapist and Assistant Professor, Universidade UNOPAR, Londrina (PR), Brazil.
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Musculoskeletal Pain and Teleworking in Times of the COVID-19: Analysis of the Impact on the Workers at Two Spanish Universities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010031. [PMID: 33374537 PMCID: PMC7793085 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The special situation brought about by the coronavirus pandemic and the confinement imposed by the Government, has given rise to numerous changes in working habits. The workers at the universities have had to start a period of teleworking that could give rise to consequences for the musculoskeletal system. The objective of this article is to analyze the impact of the confinement on the musculoskeletal health of the staff of two Spanish universities. A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on the workers. Data was taken in April-May 2020 and included: The Standardized Kuorinka Modified Nordic Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale and another one on sociodemographic data. This study comprised 472 people. The areas of pain noted during the confinement period concluded that it was less in all cases (p < 0.001). The frequency of physical activity carried out increased significantly during the period of confinement (p < 0.04), especially in women. The type of physical activity done was also seen to modify during this period (p < 0.001), with a preference for strength training and stretching exercises. In conclusion, the confinement gave rise to changes in the lifestyle and in the musculoskeletal pain of the workers at the universities. All of this must be taken into account by health institutions and those responsible for the Prevention of Occupational Risks at Spanish universities.
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Gheysvandi E, Dianat I, Heidarimoghadam R, Tapak L, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Rezapur-Shahkolai F. Neck and shoulder pain among elementary school students: prevalence and its risk factors. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1299. [PMID: 31619204 PMCID: PMC6796365 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck and shoulder pain is relatively common among children and teenagers and has a negative impact on their physical and psychological health. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain among elementary school students, and to investigate the relationship between this pain and its risk factors. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 693 elementary school students aged 7 to 12 years from Hamadan city, located in western Iran, were selected through the multistage cluster random sampling method. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. For the social and psychological variables, the parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used. For assessing each student’s posture, an observational checklist, the Rapid Upper Limbs Assessment (RULA), was used. The data was analyzed using the unadjusted (univariate) and adjusted (multivariate) logistic regression. Results The prevalence of the neck pain was slightly higher than that of shoulder pain. The prevalence reported over a month was 35.8 and 30.9% for neck and shoulder pain, respectively. The logistic regression analyses showed that, very high desk height (odds ratio (OR) =1.96, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.02–3.74), backward seat pan inclination (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.37–3.24), forward seat pan inclination (OR = 3.12, 95% CI:1.46–6.68), difficulty in viewing the board (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.10–5.84), too much homework (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.49–4.51), RULA score at level III (OR = 2.88, 95% CI:1.64–5.05), and RULA score at level IV (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.72–5.63) increased the risk of neck pain independently. On the other hand, sitting on desk and seat (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39–0.91) and laying position for doing homework (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34–0.81) reduced the related risk. Very short desk height (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.26–4.61) and too much homework (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.10–3.42) increased the risk of shoulder pain. Conclusion The elementary school students reported a high prevalence of shoulder and neck pain. This study found that improper sitting positions, as well as physical factors such as the school furniture, too much homework, and difficulty in viewing the classroom board, were associated with pain. Proper interventions considering the risk factors assessed in this study, are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Gheysvandi
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iman Dianat
- Department of Occupational Health and Ergonomics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rashid Heidarimoghadam
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health Sciences Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Modeling of Non-communicable diseases research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Nahin RL, Sayer B, Stussman BJ, Feinberg TM. Eighteen-Year Trends in the Prevalence of, and Health Care Use for, Noncancer Pain in the United States: Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2019; 20:796-809. [PMID: 30658177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We used data from the nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to determine the 18-year trends in the overall rates of noncancer pain prevalence and pain-related interference, as well as in health care use attributable directly to pain management. The proportion of adults reporting painful health condition(s) increased from 32.9% (99.7% confidence interval [CI] = 31.6-34.2%;120 million adults) in 1997/1998 to 41.0% (99.7% CI = 39.2-42.4%; 178 million adults) in 2013/2014 (Ptrend < .0001). Among adults with severe pain-related interference associated with their painful health condition(s), the use of strong opioids specifically for pain management more than doubled from 11.5% (99.7% CI = 9.6-13.4%) in 2001/2002 to 24.3% (99.7% CI = 21.3-27.3%) in 2013/2014 (Ptrend < .0001). A smaller increase (Pinteraction < .0001) in strong opioid use was seen in those with minimal pain-related interference: 1.2% (99.7% CI = 1.0-1.4%) in 2001/2002 to 2.3% (99.7% CI = 1.9-2.7%) in 2013/2014. Small but statistically significant decreases (Ptrend < .0001) were seen in 1) the percentage of adults with painful health condition(s) who had ≥1 ambulatory office visit for their pain: 56.1% (99.7% CI = 54.2-58.0%) in 1997/1998 and 53.3% (99.7% CI = 51.4-55.4%) in 2013/2014; 2) the percentage who had ≥1 emergency room visit for their pain; 9.9% (99.7% CI = 8.6-11.2%) to 8.8% (99.7% CI = 7.9-9.7%); and 3) the percentage with ≥1 overnight hospitalization for their pain: 3.2% (99.7% CI = 2.6-4.0%) to 2.3% (99.7% CI = 1.8-2.8%). PERSPECTIVE: Our data illustrate changes in the management of painful health conditions over the last 2 decades in the United States. Strong opioid use remains high, especially in those with severe pain-related interference. Additional education of health care providers and the public concerning the risk/benefit ratio of opioids appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Nahin
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Bryan Sayer
- Social & Scientific Systems, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Barbara J Stussman
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Termeh M Feinberg
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center for Medical Informatics, New Haven Connecticut; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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