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Gharatape A, Sadeghi-Abandansari H, Seifalian A, Faridi-Majidi R, Basiri M. Nanocarrier-based gene delivery for immune cell engineering. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3356-3375. [PMID: 38505950 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02279j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Clinical advances in genetically modified immune cell therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, have raised hope for cancer treatment. The majority of these biotechnologies are based on viral methods for ex vivo genetic modification of the immune cells, while the non-viral methods are still in the developmental phase. Nanocarriers have been emerging as materials of choice for gene delivery to immune cells. This is due to their versatile physicochemical properties such as large surface area and size that can be optimized to overcome several practical barriers to successful gene delivery. The in vivo nanocarrier-based gene delivery can revolutionize cell-based cancer immunotherapies by replacing the current expensive autologous cell manufacturing with an off-the-shelf biomaterial-based platform. The aim of this research is to review current advances and strategies to overcome the challenges in nanoparticle-based gene delivery and their impact on the efficiency, safety, and specificity of the process. The main focus is on polymeric and lipid-based nanocarriers, and their recent preclinical applications for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Gharatape
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Sadeghi-Abandansari
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd, Nanoloom Ltd, & Liberum Health Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology and Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- T Cell Therapeutics Research Labs, Cellular Immunotherapy Center, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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Agallou M, Margaroni M, Tsanaktsidou E, Badounas F, Kammona O, Kiparissides C, Karagouni E. A liposomal vaccine promotes strong adaptive immune responses via dendritic cell activation in draining lymph nodes. J Control Release 2023; 356:386-401. [PMID: 36893900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Subunit proteins provide a safe source of antigens for vaccine development especially for intracellular infections which require the induction of strong cellular immune responses. However, those antigens are often limited by their low immunogenicity. In order to achieve effective immune responses, they should be encapsulated into a stable antigen delivery system combined with an appropriate adjuvant. As such cationic liposomes provide an efficient platform for antigen delivery. In the present study, we describe a liposomal vaccine platform for co-delivery of antigens and adjuvants able to elicit strong antigen-specific adaptive immune responses. Liposomes are composed of the cationic lipid dimethyl dioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB), cholesterol (CHOL) and oleic acid (OA). Physicochemical characterization of the formulations showed that their size was in the range of ∼250 nm with a positive zeta potential which was affected in some cases by the enviromental pH facilitating endosomal escape of potential vaccine cargo. In vitro, liposomes were effectively taken up by bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) and when encapsulated IMQ they promoted BMDCs maturation and activation. Upon in vivo intramuscular administration, liposomes' active drainage to lymph nodes was mediated by DCs, B cells and macrophages. Thus, mice immunization with liposomes having encapsulated LiChimera, a previously characterized anti-leishmanial antigen, and IMQ elicited infiltration of CD11blow DCs populations in draining LNs followed by increased antigen-specific IgG, IgG2a and IgG1 levels production as well as indcution of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Collectively, the present work provides a proof-of-concept that cationic liposomes composed of DDAB, CHOL and OA adjuvanted with IMQ provide an efficient delivery platform for protein antigens able to induce strong adaptive immune responses via DCs targeting and induction of maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Agallou
- Immunology of Infection Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 125 21, Greece
| | - Maritsa Margaroni
- Immunology of Infection Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 125 21, Greece
| | - Evgenia Tsanaktsidou
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, Thessaloniki 57 001, Greece
| | - Fotis Badounas
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Transgenic Technology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 125 21, Greece
| | - Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, Thessaloniki 57 001, Greece
| | - Costas Kiparissides
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, Thessaloniki 57 001, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 472, Thessaloniki 54 124, Greece
| | - Evdokia Karagouni
- Immunology of Infection Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 125 21, Greece.
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Mura M, Humphreys B, Gilbert J, Salis A, Nylander T. Cation and buffer specific effects on the DNA-lipid interaction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113187. [PMID: 36739672 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of DNA - lipid layer interactions is key for the development of biosensors, synthetic nanopores, scaffolds, and gene-delivery systems. These interactions are strongly affected by the ionic composition of the solvent. We have combined quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and ellipsometry measurements to reveal how pH, buffers and alkali metal chloride salts affect the interaction of DNA with lipid bilayers (DOTAP/DOPC 30:70 in moles). We found that the thickness of the DNA layer adsorbed onto the lipid bilayer decreased in the order citrate > phosphate > Tris > HEPES. The effect of cations on the thickness of the DNA layer decreased in the order (K+ > Na+ > Cs+ ∼ Li+). Rationalization of the experimental results requires that adsorption, due to cation specific charge screening, is driven by the simultaneous action of two mechanisms namely, the law of matching water affinities for kosmotropes (Li+) and ion dispersion forces for chaotropes (Cs+). The outcome of these two opposing mechanisms is a "bell-shaped" specific cations sequence. Moreover, a superimposed buffer specificity, which goes beyond the simple effect of pH regulation, further modulated cation specificity. In summary, DNA-lipid bilayer interactions are maximized if citrate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.4) and KCl (100 mM) are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mura
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), I-50019, Italy
| | - Ben Humphreys
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrea Salis
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), I-50019, Italy.
| | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Chrysostomou V, Foryś A, Trzebicka B, Demetzos C, Pispas S. Amphiphilic Copolymer-Lipid Chimeric Nanosystems as DNA Vectors. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224901. [PMID: 36433029 PMCID: PMC9699196 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-polymer chimeric (hybrid) nanosystems are promising platforms for the design of effective gene delivery vectors. In this regard, we developed DNA nanocarriers comprised of a novel poly[(stearyl methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] [P(SMA-co-OEGMA)] amphiphilic random copolymer, the cationic 1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP), and the zwitterionic L-α-phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated soybean (soy) (HSPC) lipids. Chimeric HSPC:DOTAP:P[(SMA-co-OEGMA)] nanosystems, and pure lipid nanosystems as reference, were prepared in several molar ratios of the components. The colloidal dispersions obtained presented well-defined physicochemical characteristics and were further utilized for the formation of lipoplexes with a model DNA of linear topology containing 113 base pairs. Nanosized complexes were formed through the electrostatic interaction of the cationic lipid and phosphate groups of DNA, as observed by dynamic, static, and electrophoretic light scattering techniques. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy disclosed the strong binding affinity of the chimeric and also the pure lipid nanosystems to DNA. Colloidally stable chimeric/lipid complexes were formed, whose physicochemical characteristics depend on the N/P ratio and on the molar ratio of the building components. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) revealed the formation of nanosystems with vesicular morphology. The results suggest the successful fabrication of these novel chimeric nanosystems with well-defined physicochemical characteristics, which can form stable lipoplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Chrysostomou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Aleksander Foryś
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2107273824
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Li S, Wang B, Jiang S, Pan Y, Shi Y, Kong W, Shan Y. Surface-Functionalized Silica-Coated Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Efficiently Deliver DNA-Based HIV-1 Trimeric Envelope Vaccines against HIV-1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:53630-53645. [PMID: 34735127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains one of the worst crises in global health. The prevention of HIV-1 infection is a crucial task that needs to be addressed due to the absence of a licensed vaccine against HIV-1. DNA vaccines present a promising alternative approach to combat HIV-1 infection due to their excellent safety profile, lack of severe side effects, and relatively rapid fabrication. Traditional vaccines composed of a monomeric envelope or peptide fragments have been indicated to lack protective efficacy mediated by inducing HIV-1-specific neutralizing antibodies in clinical trials. The immunogenicity and protection against HIV-1 induced by DNA vaccines are limited due to the poor uptake of these vaccines by antigen-presenting cells and their ready degradation by DNases and lysosomes. To address these issues of naked DNA vaccines, we described the feasibility of CpG-functionalized silica-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles (SCPs) for efficiently delivering DNA-based HIV-1 trimeric envelope vaccines against HIV-1. Vaccines comprising the soluble BG505 SOSIP.664 trimer fused to the GCN4-based isoleucine zipper or bacteriophage T4 fibritin foldon motif with excellent simulation of the native HIV-1 envelope were chosen as trimer-based vaccine platforms. Our results showed that SCP-based DNA immunization could significantly induce both broad humoral immune responses and potent cellular immune responses compared to naked DNA vaccination in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to assess the feasibility of CpG-functionalized SCPs for efficiently delivering DNA vaccines expressing a native-like HIV-1 trimer. These CpG-functionalized SCPs for delivering DNA-based HIV-1 trimeric envelope vaccines may lead to the development of promising vaccine candidates against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Shun Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yi Pan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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Javanbakht S, Shaabani A. Multicomponent Reactions-Based Modified/Functionalized Materials in the Biomedical Platforms. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:156-174. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Javanbakht
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran 1963963113, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shaabani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran 1963963113, Iran
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Pati R, Shevtsov M, Sonawane A. Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2224. [PMID: 30337923 PMCID: PMC6180194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to emergence of new variants of pathogenic micro-organisms the treatment and immunization of infectious diseases have become a great challenge in the past few years. In the context of vaccine development remarkable efforts have been made to develop new vaccines and also to improve the efficacy of existing vaccines against specific diseases. To date, some vaccines are developed from protein subunits or killed pathogens, whilst several vaccines are based on live-attenuated organisms, which carry the risk of regaining their pathogenicity under certain immunocompromised conditions. To avoid this, the development of risk-free effective vaccines in conjunction with adequate delivery systems are considered as an imperative need to obtain desired humoral and cell-mediated immunity against infectious diseases. In the last several years, the use of nanoparticle-based vaccines has received a great attention to improve vaccine efficacy, immunization strategies, and targeted delivery to achieve desired immune responses at the cellular level. To improve vaccine efficacy, these nanocarriers should protect the antigens from premature proteolytic degradation, facilitate antigen uptake and processing by antigen presenting cells, control release, and should be safe for human use. Nanocarriers composed of lipids, proteins, metals or polymers have already been used to attain some of these attributes. In this context, several physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles play an important role in the determination of vaccine efficacy. This review article focuses on the applications of nanocarrier-based vaccine formulations and the strategies used for the functionalization of nanoparticles to accomplish efficient delivery of vaccines in order to induce desired host immunity against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St.Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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Schuh RS, Poletto É, Pasqualim G, Tavares AMV, Meyer FS, Gonzalez EA, Giugliani R, Matte U, Teixeira HF, Baldo G. In vivo genome editing of mucopolysaccharidosis I mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. J Control Release 2018; 288:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Barani M, Nematollahi MH, Zaboli M, Mirzaei M, Torkzadeh-Mahani M, Pardakhty A, Karam GA. In silico and in vitro study of magnetic niosomes for gene delivery: The effect of ergosterol and cholesterol. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 94:234-246. [PMID: 30423705 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A low transfection efficiency and failure to deliver therapeutic genes to target organs limit the use of vesicular systems in gene therapy. In this study, magnetic niosomes were used to improve transfection efficiency and overcome limitations. In this light, Tween 60 and Span 60 molecules were employed as the bilayer component and ergosterol and/or cholesterol as membrane-stabilizing agents. We studied the structural and dynamical properties of cholesterol-containing niosomes (ST60/Chol) and ergosterol-containing vesicles (ST60/Ergo) using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique. In in vitro experiments, the protamine-condensed DNA along with magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and incorporated into the niosome to form magnetic niosome-entrapped protamine-condensed DNA (M-NPD). The MD simulation comparison of two bilayers showed that the ST60/Ergo vesicles have better properties for gene delivery. Our in vitro results confirmed the in silico results and revealed that Ergo-niosomes have smaller size, better polydispersity, and slower release of plasmid than Chol-niosome. Moreover, M-NPD-Ergo showed higher cellular uptake and gene expresssion in HEK-293T cell line compared to M-NPD-Chol vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Zaboli
- Department of chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadi Karam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Schuh RS, Poletto É, Fachel FNS, Matte U, Baldo G, Teixeira HF. Physicochemical properties of cationic nanoemulsions and liposomes obtained by microfluidization complexed with a single plasmid or along with an oligonucleotide: Implications for CRISPR/Cas technology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 530:243-255. [PMID: 29982016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of the association of a single plasmid or its co-complexation along with an oligonucleotide on the physicochemical properties of cationic nanoemulsions and liposomes intended for gene editing. Formulations composed of DOPE, DOTAP, DSPE-PEG (liposomes), MCT (nanoemulsions), and water were obtained by microfluidization. DSPE-PEG was found to play a crucial role on the size and polydispersity index of nanocarriers. Nucleic acids were complexated by adsorption at different charge ratios. No significant differences were noticed in the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers (i.e. droplet size, polydispersity index, or zeta potential) when a single plasmid or both plasmid and oligonucleotide were adsorbed to the formulations. Transmission electron microscopy photomicrographs suggested round nanostructures with the nucleic acids and DSPE-PEG enfolding the surface. Complexes at +4/-1 charge ratio protected nucleic acids against DNase I degradation. The oligonucleotide seemed to be released from the liposomal complexes, while nanoemulsions only released the plasmid after 24 and 48 h of incubation in DMEM supplemented or not. In vitro experiments demonstrated that complexes were highly tolerable to human fibroblasts, Hep-G2, and HEK-293 cells, demonstrating also an uptake ability of about 30%, 30%, and 90%, respectively, no matter what the formulation or the combination of nucleic acids used. Transfection efficiency of the formulations was around 25% in human fibroblasts, 32% in HEK-293, and 15% in Hep-G2 cells. The overall results demonstrated the behavior of liposomes and nanoemulsions complexed with a plasmid or a mixture of a plasmid and an oligonucleotide, and demonstrated that the association with one or two nucleic acids sequences of different length does not seem to interfere in the physicochemical characteristics of complexes or in the uptake capacity by three different types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselena S Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Édina Poletto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia N S Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder F Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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11
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De Serrano LO, Burkhart DJ. Liposomal vaccine formulations as prophylactic agents: design considerations for modern vaccines. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:83. [PMID: 29149896 PMCID: PMC5693489 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccinology is one of the most important cornerstones in modern medicine, providing better quality of life. The human immune system is composed of innate and adaptive immune processes that interplay when infection occurs. Innate immunity relies on pathogen-associated molecular patterns which are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors localized in antigen presenting cells. After antigen processing and presentation, CD4+ T cell polarization occurs, further leading to B cell and CD8+ activation and humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immune responses. Liposomes are being employed as vaccine technologies and their design is of importance to ensure proper immune responses. Physicochemical parameters like liposome size, charge, lamellarity and bilayer fluidity must be completely understood to ensure optimal vaccine stability and efficacy. Liposomal vaccines can be developed to target specific immune cell types for the induction of certain immune responses. In this review, we will present promising liposomal vaccine approaches for the treatment of important viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections (including tuberculosis, TB). Cationic liposomes are the most studied liposome types due to their enhanced interaction with the negatively charged immune cells. Thus, a special section on the cationic lipid dimethyldioctadecylammonium and TB is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O. De Serrano
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
| | - David J. Burkhart
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
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12
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Rezaei A, Akhavan O, Hashemi E, Shamsara M. Toward Chemical Perfection of Graphene-Based Gene Carrier via Ugi Multicomponent Assembly Process. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2963-71. [PMID: 27499268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The graphene-based materials with unique, versatile, and tunable properties have brought new opportunities for the leading edge of advanced nanobiotechnology. In this regard, the use of graphene in gene delivery applications is still at early stages. In this study, we successfully designed a new complex of carboxylated-graphene (G-COOH) with ethidium bromide (EtBr) and used it as a nanovector for efficient gene delivery into the AGS cells. G-COOH, with carboxyl functions on its surface, in the presence of EtBr, formaldehyde, and cyclohexylisocyanide were participated in Ugi four component reaction to fabricate a stable amphiphilic graphene-EtBr (AG-EtBr) composite. The coupling reaction was confirmed by further analyses with FT-IR, AFM, UV-vis, Raman, photoluminescence, EDS, and XPS. The AG-EtBr nanocomposite was able to interact with a plasmid DNA (pDNA). This nanocomposite has been applied for transfection of cultured mammalian cells successfully. Moreover, the AG-EtBr composites showed a remarkable decreased cytotoxicity in compared to EtBr. Interestingly, the advantages of AG-EtBr in cell transfection are more dramatic (3-fold higher) than Lipofectamine2000 as a commercial nonviral vector. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which EtBr is used as an intercalating agent along with graphene to serve as a new vehicle for gene delivery application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Rezaei
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran.,National Research Center for Transgenic Mouse and Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 14588-89694, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- National Research Center for Transgenic Mouse and Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shamsara
- National Research Center for Transgenic Mouse and Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
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Schuh RS, Baldo G, Teixeira HF. Nanotechnology applied to treatment of mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1709-1718. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1202235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselena S. Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da UFRGS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da UFRGS, Departamento de Fisiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder F. Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da UFRGS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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14
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15
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Kovtun A, Neumann S, Neumeier M, Urch H, Heumann R, Gepp MM, Wallat K, Koeller M, Zimmermann H, Epple M. Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Transfer From Electrophoretically Coated Metal Surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2012; 117:1550-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp303448v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovtun
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Neumann
- Chair of Biochemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Manuel Neumeier
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Urch
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Rolf Heumann
- Chair of Biochemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael M. Gepp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical
Engineering (IBMT) and Chair for Molecular and Cellular Biotechnology, University of Saarbruecken, Ensheimer Strasse 48, 66386
St. Ingbert, Germany
| | - Katrin Wallat
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Koeller
- Bergmannsheil University Hospital/Surgical
Research, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44789
Bochum, Germany
| | - Heiko Zimmermann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical
Engineering (IBMT) and Chair for Molecular and Cellular Biotechnology, University of Saarbruecken, Ensheimer Strasse 48, 66386
St. Ingbert, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
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16
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Moghaddam B, McNeil SE, Zheng Q, Mohammed AR, Perrie Y. Exploring the correlation between lipid packaging in lipoplexes and their transfection efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2011; 3:848-64. [PMID: 24309311 PMCID: PMC3857061 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics3040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst there is a large body of evidence looking at the design of cationic liposomes as transfection agents, correlates of formulation to function remain elusive. In this research, we investigate if lipid packaging can give further insights into transfection efficacy. DNA lipoplexes composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) or 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) in combination with 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) or 1,2-stearoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DSTAP) were prepared by the lipid hydration method. Each of the formulations was prepared by hydration in dH2O or phosphate buffer saline (PBS) to investigate the effect of buffer salts on lipoplex physicochemical characteristics and in vitro transfection. In addition, Langmuir monolayer studies were performed to investigate any possible correlation between lipid packaging and liposome attributes. Using PBS, rather than dH2O, to prepare the lipoplexes increased the size of vesicles in most of formulations and resulted in variation in transfection efficacies. However, one combination of lipids (DSPE:DOTAP) could not form liposomes in PBS, whilst the DSPE:DSTAP combination could not form liposomes in either aqueous media. Monolayer studies demonstrated saturated lipid combinations offered dramatically closer molecular packing compared to the other combinations which could suggest why this lipid combination could not form vesicles. Of the lipoplexes prepared, those formulated with DSTAP showed higher transfection efficacy, however, the effect of buffer on transfection efficiency was formulation dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behfar Moghaddam
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
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17
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The application of monolayer studies in the understanding of liposomal formulations. Int J Pharm 2011; 417:235-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Liu J, Xu L, Li Y, Ma J. Temporally controlled multiple-gene delivery in scaffolds: A promising strategy to enhance bone regeneration. Med Hypotheses 2011; 76:173-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Ongkudon CM, Ho J, Danquah MK. Mitigating the looming vaccine crisis: production and delivery of plasmid-based vaccines. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 31:32-52. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.483460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Zhang X, Kovtun A, Mendoza-Palomares C, Oulad-Abdelghani M, Fioretti F, Rinckenbach S, Mainard D, Epple M, Benkirane-Jessel N. SiRNA-loaded multi-shell nanoparticles incorporated into a multilayered film as a reservoir for gene silencing. Biomaterials 2010; 31:6013-8. [PMID: 20488536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we presented a new type of coating based on polyelectrolyte multilayers containing sequentially adsorbed active shRNA calcium phosphate nanoparticles for locally defined and temporarily variable gene silencing. Therefore, we investigated multi-shell calcium phosphate-shRNA nanoparticles embedded into a polyelectrolyte multilayer for gene silencing. As model system, we synthesized triple-shell calcium phosphate-shRNA nanoparticles (NP) and prepared polyelectrolyte multilayers films made of nanoparticles and poly-(L-lysine) (PLL). The biological activities of these polyelectrolyte multilayers films were tested by the production of osteopontin and osteocalcin in the human osteoblasts (HOb) which were cultivated on the PEM films. This new strategy can be used to efficiently control the bone formation and could be applicable in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, Unité 977, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
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21
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Coelho JF, Ferreira PC, Alves P, Cordeiro R, Fonseca AC, Góis JR, Gil MH. Drug delivery systems: Advanced technologies potentially applicable in personalized treatments. EPMA J 2010; 1:164-209. [PMID: 23199049 PMCID: PMC3405312 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-010-0001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Advanced drug delivery systems (DDS) present indubitable benefits for drug administration. Over the past three decades, new approaches have been suggested for the development of novel carriers for drug delivery. In this review, we describe general concepts and emerging research in this field based on multidisciplinary approaches aimed at creating personalized treatment for a broad range of highly prevalent diseases (e.g., cancer and diabetes). This review is composed of two parts. The first part provides an overview on currently available drug delivery technologies including a brief history on the development of these systems and some of the research strategies applied. The second part provides information about the most advanced drug delivery devices using stimuli-responsive polymers. Their synthesis using controlled-living radical polymerization strategy is described. In a near future it is predictable the appearance of new effective tailor-made DDS, resulting from knowledge of different interdisciplinary sciences, in a perspective of creating personalized medical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge F. Coelho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula C. Ferreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Health Sciences, Portuguese Catholic University, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Patricia Alves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosemeyre Cordeiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Fonseca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana R. Góis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria H. Gil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
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22
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Henriksen-Lacey M, Bramwell VW, Christensen D, Agger EM, Andersen P, Perrie Y. Liposomes based on dimethyldioctadecylammonium promote a depot effect and enhance immunogenicity of soluble antigen. J Control Release 2010; 142:180-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Wang KW, Zhou LZ, Sun Y, Wu GJ, Gu HC, Duan YR, Chen F, Zhu YJ. Calcium phosphate/PLGA-mPEG hybrid porous nanospheres: A promising vector with ultrahigh gene loading and transfection efficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b917441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Epple M, Ganesan K, Heumann R, Klesing J, Kovtun A, Neumann S, Sokolova V. Application of calcium phosphatenanoparticles in biomedicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b910885h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Neumann S, Kovtun A, Dietzel ID, Epple M, Heumann R. The use of size-defined DNA-functionalized calcium phosphate nanoparticles to minimise intracellular calcium disturbance during transfection. Biomaterials 2009; 30:6794-802. [PMID: 19766304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based transfection methods are frequently used to transfer DNA into living cells. However, it has so far not been studied in detail to what extend the different transfection methods lead to a net calcium uptake. Upon subsequent resolution of the calcium phosphate, intracellular free ionic calcium-surges could result, inducing as side effect various physiological responses that may finally result in cell death. Here we investigated the overall calcium uptake by the human bladder carcinoma cell line T24 during the standard calcium phosphate transfection method and also during transfection with custom-made calcium phosphate/DNA nanoparticles by isotope labelling with (45)calcium. (45)Calcium uptake was strongly increased after 7h of standard calcium phosphate transfection but not if the transfection was performed with calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Time lapse imaging microscopy using the calcium-sensitive dye Fura-2 revealed large transient increases of the intracellular free calcium level during the standard calcium phosphate transfection but not if calcium phosphate nanoparticles were used. Consistently, the viability of cells transfected by calcium phosphate/DNA nanoparticles was not changed, in remarkable contrast to the standard method where considerable cell death occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Neurobiochemistry, University of Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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26
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Perrie Y, Mohammed AR, Kirby DJ, McNeil SE, Bramwell VW. Vaccine adjuvant systems: enhancing the efficacy of sub-unit protein antigens. Int J Pharm 2008; 364:272-80. [PMID: 18555624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination remains a key tool in the protection and eradication of diseases. However, the development of new safe and effective vaccines is not easy. Various live organism based vaccines currently licensed, exhibit high efficacy; however, this benefit is associated with risk, due to the adverse reactions found with these vaccines. Therefore, in the development of vaccines, the associated risk-benefit issues need to be addressed. Sub-unit proteins offer a much safer alternative; however, their efficacy is low. The use of adjuvanted systems have proven to enhance the immunogenicity of these sub-unit vaccines through protection (i.e. preventing degradation of the antigen in vivo) and enhanced targeting of these antigens to professional antigen-presenting cells. Understanding of the immunological implications of the related disease will enable validation for the design and development of potential adjuvant systems. Novel adjuvant research involves the combination of both pharmaceutical analysis accompanied by detailed immunological investigations, whereby, pharmaceutically designed adjuvants are driven by an increased understanding of mechanisms of adjuvant activity, largely facilitated by description of highly specific innate immune recognition of components usually associated with the presence of invading bacteria or virus. The majority of pharmaceutical based adjuvants currently being investigated are particulate based delivery systems, such as liposome formulations. As an adjuvant, liposomes have been shown to enhance immunity against the associated disease particularly when a cationic lipid is used within the formulation. In addition, the inclusion of components such as immunomodulators, further enhance immunity. Within this review, the use and application of effective adjuvants is investigated, with particular emphasis on liposomal-based systems. The mechanisms of adjuvant activity, analysis of complex immunological characteristics and formulation and delivery of these vaccines are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Perrie
- Medicines Research Unit, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Aston, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Sokolova V, Epple M. Inorganic nanoparticles as carriers of nucleic acids into cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:1382-95. [PMID: 18098258 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transfer of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) into living cells, that is, transfection, is a major technique in current biochemistry and molecular biology. This process permits the selective introduction of genetic material for protein synthesis as well as the selective inhibition of protein synthesis (antisense or gene silencing). As nucleic acids alone are not able to penetrate the cell wall, efficient carriers are needed. Besides viral, polymeric, and liposomal agents, inorganic nanoparticles are especially suitable for this purpose because they can be prepared and surface-functionalized in many different ways. Herein, the current state of the art is discussed from a chemical viewpoint. Advantages and disadvantages of the available methods are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Sokolova
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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28
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Sokolova V, Epple M. Anorganische Nanopartikel zum Transport von Nucleinsäuren in Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy to combat genetic or acquired diseases at their root cause rather than just treating symptoms. It is well recognised that there is an urgent need for non-toxic and efficient gene delivery vectors to fully exploit the current potential of gene therapy in molecular medicine. Cell-specific targeting of bioactive nucleotides is a prerequisite to attain the concentration of nucleic acids required for therapeutic efficacy in the target tissue. Many metal ions such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Ba2+ and, most importantly, Ca2+ have been demonstrated to have significant roles in gene delivery. These inorganic cations show low toxicity, good biocompatibility and promise for controlled delivery properties, thus presenting a new alternative to toxic and immunogenic carriers. Recently, inorganic nanoparticles alone, or in combination with a colloidal particulate system such as nanoliposome, an advanced approach to gene delivery, were found to exert a positive effect on gene transfer. In this report, the role of the divalent cations in nucleic acid delivery, particularly with respect to the potential improvement of transfection efficiency of nanolipoplexes, is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Mozafari
- Riddet Centre, Private Bag 11-222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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