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Pradeep Prabhu P, Mohanty B, Lobo CL, Balusamy SR, Shetty A, Perumalsamy H, Mahadev M, Mijakovic I, Dubey A, Singh P. Harnessing the nutriceutics in early-stage breast cancer: mechanisms, combinational therapy, and drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:574. [PMID: 39294665 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a significant health challenge, ranking as the second leading cause of cancer-related death and the primary cause of mortality among women aged 45 to 55. Early detection is crucial for optimal prognosis. Among various treatment options available for cancer, chemotherapy remains the predominant approach. However, its patient-friendliness is hindered by cytotoxicity, adverse effects, multi-drug resistance, potential for recurrence, and high costs. This review explores extensively studied phytomolecules, elucidating their molecular mechanisms. It also emphasizes the importance of combination therapy, highlighting recent advancements in the exploration of diverse drug delivery systems and novel routes of administration. The regulatory considerations are crucial in translating these approaches into clinical practices. RESULTS Consequently, there is growing interest in exploring the relationship between diet, cancer, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in cancer chemotherapy. Phytochemicals like berberine, curcumin, quercetin, lycopene, sulforaphane, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, genistein, thymoquinone have emerged as promising candidates due to their pleiotropic actions on target cells through multiple mechanisms with minimal toxicity effects. This review focuses on extensively studied phytomolecules, elucidating their molecular mechanisms. It also emphasizes the importance of combination therapy, highlighting recent advancements in the exploration of diverse drug delivery systems and novel routes of administration. The regulatory considerations are crucial in translating these approaches into clinical practices. CONCLUSION The present review provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms, coupled with well-designed clinical trials and adherence to regulatory guidelines, which pave the way for nutrition-based combination therapies to become a frontline approach in early-stage BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Pradeep Prabhu
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Pharmacognosy, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Barsha Mohanty
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology, Nitte University Centre for Science, Education and Research, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Cynthia Lizzie Lobo
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Sri Renukadevi Balusamy
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amitha Shetty
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Center for Creative Convergence Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Manohar Mahadev
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Akhilesh Dubey
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangaluru, 575018, India.
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Zhang H, Lin W, Ma R, Zang Y, Hou K, Xu Z, Xi X, Zhang W, Tang S, Liang X, Sun Y, Shen C. Fungal endophytes of Taxus species and regulatory effect of two strains on taxol synthesis. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:291. [PMID: 39097685 PMCID: PMC11297650 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxol, derived from Taxus trees, is a valuable natural resource for the development of anticancer drugs. Endophytic fungi from Taxus trees are a promising alternative source of Taxol. However, the impact of plant-endophytic microbial interaction on the host's Taxol biosynthesis is largely unknown. RESULTS In the current study, the diversity of endophytic fungi in three different Taxus species was analyzed using Internal Transcribed Spacer sequencing. A total of 271 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were identified, grouping into 2 phyla, 8 classes, 16 orders, 19 families, and 19 genera. Alpha and beta diversity analysis indicated significant differences in endophytic fungal communities among the various Taxus trees. At the genus level, Alternaria and Davidiella were predominantly found in T. mairei and T. media, respectively. By utilizing a previously published dataset, a Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to predict the taxol biosynthesis-related fungal genera. Following screening, two isolates of Alternaria (L7 and M14) were obtained. Effect of inoculation with Alternaria isolates on the gene expression and metabolite accumulation of T. mairei was determined by transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic studies. The co-inoculation assay suggests that the two Alternaria isolates may have a negative regulatory effect on taxol biosynthesis by influencing hormone signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Our findings will serve as a foundation for advancing the production and utilization of Taxus and will also aid in screening endophytic fungi related to taxol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Wanting Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Ruoyun Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yue Zang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Kailin Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Weiting Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Shini Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xueshuang Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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3
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Lan HR, Chen M, Yao SY, Chen JX, Jin KT. Novel immunotherapies for breast cancer: Focus on 2023 findings. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111549. [PMID: 38266449 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach in cancer therapy, and recent advancements hold significant promise for breast cancer (BCa) management. Employing the patient's immune system to combat BCa has become a focal point in immunotherapeutic investigations. Strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell transfer (ACT), and targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have disclosed encouraging clinical outcomes. ICIs, particularly programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitors, exhibit efficacy in specific BCa subtypes, including triple-negative BCa (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancers. ACT approaches, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, showed promising clinical outcomes in enhancing tumor recognition and elimination. Targeting the TME through immune agonists and oncolytic viruses signifies a burgeoning field of research. While challenges persist in patient selection, resistance mechanisms, and combination therapy optimization, these novel immunotherapies hold transformative potential for BCa treatment. Continued research and clinical trials are imperative to refine and implement these innovative approaches, paving the way for improved outcomes and revolutionizing the management of BCa. This review provides a concise overview of the latest immunotherapies (2023 studies) in BCa, highlighting their potential and current status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Rong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Shi-Ya Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Jun-Xia Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China.
| | - Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
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Bono A, La Monica G, Alamia F, Mingoia F, Gentile C, Peri D, Lauria A, Martorana A. In Silico Mixed Ligand/Structure-Based Design of New CDK-1/PARP-1 Dual Inhibitors as Anti-Breast Cancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13769. [PMID: 37762072 PMCID: PMC10531453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK-1 and PARP-1 play crucial roles in breast cancer progression. Compounds acting as CDK-1 and/or PARP-1 inhibitors can induct cell death in breast cancer with a selective synthetic lethality mechanism. A mixed treatment by means of CDK-1 and PARP-1 inhibitors resulted in radical breast cancer cell growth reduction. Inhibitors with a dual target mechanism of action could arrest cancer progression by simultaneously blocking the DNA repair mechanism and cell cycle, resulting in advantageous monotherapy. To this aim, in the present work, we identified compound 645656 with a significant affinity for both CDK-1 and PARP-1 by a mixed ligand- and structure-based virtual screening protocol. The Biotarget Predictor Tool was used at first in a Multitarget mode to filter the large National Cancer Institute (NCI) database. Then, hierarchical docking studies were performed to further screen the compounds and evaluate the ligands binding mode, whose putative dual-target mechanism of action was investigated through the correlation between the antiproliferative activity data and the target proteins' (CDK-1 and PARP-1) expression pattern. Finally, a Molecular Dynamics Simulation confirmed the high stability of the most effective selected compound 645656 in complex with both PARP-1 and CDK-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bono
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Gabriele La Monica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Alamia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesco Mingoia
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carla Gentile
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniele Peri
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale 10 delle Scienze Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Antonino Lauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Martorana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche “STEBICEF”, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.B.); (G.L.M.); (F.A.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
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Hwang I, Kim JE, Jeong JH, Ahn JH, Jung KH, Son BH, Kim HH, Shin J, Lee HJ, Gong G, Kim SB. Randomized phase III trial of a neoadjuvant regimen of four cycles of adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by four cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) versus a shorter treatment of three cycles of FEC followed by three cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) in node-positive breast cancer (Neo-shorter; NCT02001506). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023:10.1007/s10549-023-06971-7. [PMID: 37365483 PMCID: PMC10361883 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether six cycles of FEC3-D3 has a comparable efficacy to eight of AC4-D4. METHODS The enrolled patients (pts) were clinically diagnosed with stage II or III breast cancer. The primary endpoint was a pathologic complete response (pCR), and the secondary endpoints were 3 year disease-free survival (3Y DFS), toxicities, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We calculated that 252 pts were needed in each treatment group to enable the detection of non-inferiority (non-inferiority margin of 10%). RESULTS In terms of ITT analysis, 248 pts were finally enrolled. The 218 pts who completed the surgery were included in the current analysis. The baseline characteristics of these subjects were well balanced between the two arms. By ITT analysis, pCR was achieved in 15/121 (12.4%) pts in the FEC3-D3 arm and 18/126 (14.3%) in the AC4-D4 arm. With a median follow up of 64.1 months, the 3Y DFS was comparable between the two arms (75.8% in FEC3-D3 vs. 75.6% in AC4-D4). The most common adverse event (AE) was Grade 3/4 neutropenia, which arose in 27/126 (21.4%) AC4-D4 arm pts vs 23/121 (19.0%) FEC3-D3 arm cases. The primary HRQoL domains were similar between the two groups (FACT-B scores at baseline, P = 0.35; at the midpoint of NACT, P = 0.20; at the completion of NACT, P = 0.44). CONCLUSION Six cycles of FEC3-D3 could be an alternative to eight of AC4-D4. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02001506. Registered December 5,2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02001506.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oncology, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Hee Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Shin
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Pitschmann V, Hon Z. Drugs as Chemical Weapons: Past and Perspectives. TOXICS 2023; 11:52. [PMID: 36668778 PMCID: PMC9866636 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of modern chemical weapons and chemical warfare is traditionally associated with World War I, but the use of poisons in the military has its roots deep in the past. The sources of these poisons have always been natural agents that also served as medicines. This relationship between poison and medicine, and nowadays between chemical warfare and medicine, or between 'military chemistry' and pharmacy, appears to be very important for understanding not only the history but also the possible future of both phenomena. This article looks at some historical examples of the use of drugs as chemical weapons and, conversely, the use of chemical weapons as medicines. It seeks to find answers to some questions that are particularly relevant to the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention, which aims to achieve a world without chemical warfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Pitschmann
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic
- ORITEST spol. s r.o., Čerčanská 640/30, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Hon
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic
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7
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Yang F, He Q, Dai X, Zhang X, Song D. The potential role of nanomedicine in the treatment of breast cancer to overcome the obstacles of current therapies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1143102. [PMID: 36909177 PMCID: PMC9992554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1143102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor among women in the world. BC is the heterogeneous tumor with different subtypes including luminal A-like, luminal B-like (HER2-/HER2+), HER2 enriched, and triple-negative BC. The therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and endocrine therapy are well developed and commonly used in the treatment of BC. However, some adverse effects of these conventional treatments limited their wide application in clinical. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more safe and more efficient individualized treatment strategies of the BC. Nanomedicine, as the most promising strategy for controlled and targeted drug delivery, is widely used in multiple aspects of cancer therapy. Importantly, accumulative evidences show that nanomedicine has achieved good outcomes in the treatment of BC and a huge amount of BC patients benefited from the nanomedicine related treatments. In this review, we summarized and discussed the major problems occurred during the administration of conventional treatment strategies for BC and the potential roles of nanomedicine in promoting the treatment efficacy of BC by overcoming obstacles of current treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Breast Surgery Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingjie He
- Breast Surgery Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Song
- Breast Surgery Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Długosz-Pokorska A, Perlikowska R, Janecki T, Janecka A. New Uracil Analog with Exocyclic Methylidene Group Can Reverse Resistance to Taxol in MCF-7 Cancer Cells. Biologics 2023; 17:69-83. [PMID: 37213261 PMCID: PMC10198386 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s405080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Taxol (Tx), a microtubule-stabilizing drug, has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic in several types of cancer. However, the development of resistance limited its application. One of the strategies used to prevent the emergence of drug resistance is combination treatment, involving at least two drugs. The aim of the current study was to assess if a new uracil analog, 3-p-bromophenyl-1-ethyl-5-methylidenedihydrouracil (U-359) can prevent the development of Tx resistance in breast cancer cells. Methods The cytotoxicity of the new drug was tested in MCF-7 (hormone receptor (ER, PR) positive cell-line) and MCF-10A cell lines using MTT method. For the detection of apoptosis and necrosis, the Wright and Giemsa staining was used. Gene expression was measured by real-time PCR, and changes in the protein levels were evaluated by ELISA and bioluminescent method. Results We investigated the effect of Tx and U-359 on cancer MCF-7 and normal MCF-10A cells alone and in combination. Tx co-administered with U-359 inhibited proliferation of MCF-7 cells to 7% while the level of ATPase drastically decreased to 14%, compared with effects produced by Tx alone. The apoptosis process was induced through the mitochondrial pathway. These effects were not seen in MCF-10A cells, showing the wide safety margin. The obtained results have shown that U-359 produced a synergistic effect with Tx probably by reducing Tx resistance in MCF-7 cells. To elucidate the possible mechanism of resistance, expression of tubulin III (TUBIII), responsible for microtubule stabilization and tau and Nlp proteins, responsible for microtubule dynamics, was assessed. Conclusion Combination of Tx with U-359 reduced overexpression of TUBIII and Nlp. Thus, U-359 may stand for a potential reversal agent for the treatment of MDR in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Długosz-Pokorska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: Angelika Długosz-Pokorska, Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, Lodz, 92-215, Poland, Tel +48 42 2725706, Fax +48 42 678 42 77, Email
| | - Renata Perlikowska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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9
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Zhou LX, Zheng H, Tian Y, Luo KF, Ma SJ, Wu ZW, Tang P, Jiang J, Wang MH. SNCA inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and correlates to favorable prognosis of breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:1071-1082. [PMID: 36179220 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease, known to be involved in cancer occurrence and development; however, its specific effects in breast cancer remain unknown. Data from 150 patients with breast cancer were retrieved from tissue microarray and analyzed for SNCA protein level using immunohistochemistry. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the potential role of SNCA in breast cancer. SNCA-mediated inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was confirmed with western blotting. The effects of SNCA on invasion and migration were evaluated using transwell and wound-healing experiments. Furthermore, the potential influence of SNCA expression level on drug sensitivity and tumor infiltration by immune cells was analyzed using the public databases. SNCA is lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues. Besides, in vitro and in vivo experiments, SNCA overexpression blocked EMT and metastasis, and the knockdown of SNCA resulted in the opposite effect. A mouse model of metastasis verified the restriction of metastatic ability in vivo. Further analysis revealed that SNCA enhances sensitivity to commonly used anti-breast tumor drugs and immune cell infiltration. SNCA blocks EMT and metastasis in breast cancer and its expression levels could be useful in predicting the chemosensitivity and evaluating the immune microenvironment in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Xi Zhou
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Emergency Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Ke-Fei Luo
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shu-Juan Ma
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ming-Hao Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Tokumoto H, Akita S, Nakamura R, Yamamoto N, Kubota Y, Mitsukawa N. Investigation of the Association Between Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema and the Side Effects of Taxane-Based Chemotherapy Using Indocyanine Green Lymphography. Lymphat Res Biol 2022; 20:612-617. [PMID: 35099282 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2021.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common complication. Docetaxel (DOC) and paclitaxel (PTX) have been used in taxane-based chemotherapy for breast cancer and to induce fluid retention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between lymphatic functionality and the side effects of taxane-based chemotherapy using indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography. Methods and Results: One hundred and eighty breast cancer cases who underwent full-dose taxane-based chemotherapy (DOC or PTX) and complained of upper extremity edema were enrolled in this study. BCRL was diagnosed exclusively on the basis of ICG lymphography results. The characteristics (age, body mass index, laterality, surgery type, regional lymph node irradiation, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy type) of patients diagnosed with BCRL (+) and BCRL (-; fluid retention only) were compared. The side effects were compared in eight categories (neutropenia, skin toxicity, nail changes, myalgia/arthralgia, peripheral neuropathy, stomatitis, dysgeusia, and digestive disease). BCRL (+) consisted of 116 patients and BCRL (-) consisted of 64 patients. BCRL (+) had significantly higher rates of axillary lymph node dissection (98.3%), lymph node irradiation (68.1%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (14.7%), and DOC (62.9%) than BCRL (-) patients (56.3%, 20.3%, 3.1%, and 34.4%, respectively; p = 0.002 for neoadjuvant rate, p < 0.001 for the other rates). BCRL (+) patients had significantly higher rates of peripheral neuropathy (60.3%) than BCRL (-) patients (40.6%; p = 0.01). Conclusions: The occurrence rate of BCRL increased for the patients with peripheral neuropathy induced by taxane-based chemotherapy. This implies that peripheral neuropathy can induce BCRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tokumoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Akita
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University, Faculty of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rikiya Nakamura
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naohito Yamamoto
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kubota
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University, Faculty of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mitsukawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University, Faculty of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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11
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Anticancer Activity of (±)-Kusunokinin Derivatives towards Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238291. [PMID: 36500383 PMCID: PMC9735782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of (±)-kusunokinin derivatives ((±)-TTPG-A and (±)-TTPG-B). The cytotoxicity effect was performed on human cancer cells, including breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, colon and ovarian cancer-cells, compared with normal cells, using the MTT assay. Cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis were detected using flow-cytometry analysis. We found that (±)-TTPG-B exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity on aggressive breast-cancer (MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231) and cholangiocarcinoma (KKU-M213), with an IC50 value of 0.43 ± 0.01, 1.83 ± 0.04 and 0.01 ± 0.001 µM, respectively. Interestingly, (±)-TTPG-A and (±)-TTPG-B exhibited less toxicity than (±)-kusunokinin (9.75 ± 0.39 µM) on L-929 cells (normal fibroblasts). Moreover, (±)-TTPG-A predominated the ell-cycle arrest at the S phase, while (±)-TTPG-B caused cell arrest at the G0/G1 phase, in the same way as (±)-kusunokinin in KKU-M213 cells. Both (±)-TTPG-A and (±)-TTPG-B induced apoptosis and multi-caspase activity more than (±)-kusunokinin. Taken together, we conclude that (±)-TTPG-A and (±)-TTPG-B have a strong anticancer effect on cholangiocarcinoma. Moreover, (±)-TTPG-B could be a potential candidate compound for breast cancer and cholangiocarcinoma in the future.
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12
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Wen W, Guo P, Xue HY, Lun Wong H. Development of local injectable, bone-targeting nanocarriers of triptolide for treatment of bone-only metastasis. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122092. [PMID: 35985525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is known for its diverse pharmacological activities but also its delivery and toxicity issues. This study aimed at exploiting TP's anticancer effects at lower risk of systemic toxicity by developing local-injectable "bone-targeting TP nanoparticle" (TPN) for bone-only metastasis treatment. The lipid/oil-based TPNs decorated with alendronate (ALE) achieved size of 70.4-111.2 nm with good dispersion stability. The drug encapsulation efficiency reached 97 % and drug release profiles were in biphasic, controlled manner lasting for 5 days in medium with serum proteins and calcium. TPNs were more cytotoxic than free TP against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (IC50: 16.40 ± 0.80 nM vs 25.45 ± 1.83 nM, P < 0.05) but less cytotoxic against MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts (P < 0.05). When combined with paclitaxel or docetaxel, low dose TPN (containing 10 nM) significantly increased the effectiveness of the two chemotherapy drugs against MDA-MB-231 (IC50 values decreased from 7.3 nM to 2.5 nM for docetaxel; from 4.6 nM to 1.1 nM), indicating potent chemosensitization effects. Retardation of in vitro cancer cell migration by TPN was also observed in the standard scratch assay. ALE decoration significantly enhanced the TPN affinity for both calcium hydroxyapatite and porcine bone chip models, which led to enhancement in TP retention in the bones up to 8.1-fold versus free drug. Overall, TPN demonstrated good potential as a local-injectable, bone-targeted nanotherapy tailored for eradication of bone-only metastasis at reduced risk of systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wucheng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Pengbo Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hui Yi Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ho Lun Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Junnuthula V, Kolimi P, Nyavanandi D, Sampathi S, Vora LK, Dyawanapelly S. Polymeric Micelles for Breast Cancer Therapy: Recent Updates, Clinical Translation and Regulatory Considerations. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1860. [PMID: 36145608 PMCID: PMC9501124 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing burden of cancer, parallel advancements in anticancer nanotechnological solutions have been witnessed. Among the different types of cancers, breast cancer accounts for approximately 25% and leads to 15% of deaths. Nanomedicine and its allied fields of material science have revolutionized the science of medicine in the 21st century. Novel treatments have paved the way for improved drug delivery systems that have better efficacy and reduced adverse effects. A variety of nanoformulations using lipids, polymers, inorganic, and peptide-based nanomedicines with various functionalities are being synthesized. Thus, elaborate knowledge of these intelligent nanomedicines for highly promising drug delivery systems is of prime importance. Polymeric micelles (PMs) are generally easy to prepare with good solubilization properties; hence, they appear to be an attractive alternative over the other nanosystems. Although an overall perspective of PM systems has been presented in recent reviews, a brief discussion has been provided on PMs for breast cancer. This review provides a discussion of the state-of-the-art PMs together with the most recent advances in this field. Furthermore, special emphasis is placed on regulatory guidelines, clinical translation potential, and future aspects of the use of PMs in breast cancer treatment. The recent developments in micelle formulations look promising, with regulatory guidelines that are now more clearly defined; hence, we anticipate early clinical translation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen Kolimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Pharmaceutical Development Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Sunitha Sampathi
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 502329, India
| | | | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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14
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Sheng D, Ma W, Zhang R, Zhou L, Deng Q, Tu J, Chen W, Zhang F, Gao N, Dong M, Wang D, Li F, Liu Y, He X, Duan S, Zhang L, Liu T, Liu S. Ccl3 enhances docetaxel chemosensitivity in breast cancer by triggering proinflammatory macrophage polarization. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003793. [PMID: 35613826 PMCID: PMC9134178 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the antitumor efficacy of docetaxel (DTX) has long been attributed to the antimitotic activities, its impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME) has recently gained more attention. Macrophages are a major component of the TME and play a critical role in DTX efficacy; however, the underlying action mechanisms remain unclear. Methods DTX chemotherapeutic efficacy was demonstrated via both macrophage depletion and C–C motif chemokine ligand 3 (Ccl3)-knockout transgenic allograft mouse model. Ccl3-knockdown and Ccl3-overexpressing breast cancer cell allografts were used for the in vivo study. Combination therapy was used to evaluate the effect of Ccl3 induction on DTX chemosensitivity. Vital regulatory molecules and pathways were identified using RNA sequencing. Macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells and its influence on cancer cell proliferation under DTX treatment were assessed using an in vitro coculture assay. Serum and tumor samples from patients with breast cancer were used to demonstrate the clinical relevance of our study. Results Our study revealed that Ccl3 induced by DTX in macrophages and cancer cells was indispensable for the chemotherapeutic efficacy of DTX. DTX-induced Ccl3 promoted proinflammatory macrophage polarization and subsequently facilitated phagocytosis of breast cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Ccl3 overexpression in cancer cells promoted proinflammatory macrophage polarization to suppress tumor progression and increase DTX chemosensitivity. Mechanistically, DTX induced Ccl3 by relieving the inhibition of cAMP-response element binding protein on Ccl3 via reactive oxygen species accumulation, and Ccl3 then promoted proinflammatory macrophage polarization via activation of the Ccl3–C-C motif chemokine receptor 5–p38/interferon regulatory factor 5 pathway. High CCL3 expression predicted better prognosis, and high CCL3 induction revealed better DTX chemosensitivity in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, both the Creb inhibitor and recombinant mouse Ccl3 significantly enhanced DTX chemosensitivity. Conclusions Our results indicate that Ccl3 induced by DTX triggers proinflammatory macrophage polarization and subsequently facilitates phagocytosis of cancer cells. Ccl3 induction in combination with DTX may provide a promising therapeutic rationale for increasing DTX chemosensitivity in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sheng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaodan Deng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juchuanli Tu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilong Chen
- Intelligent Pathology Institute and Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fuchuang Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nailong Gao
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mengxue Dong
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fengkai Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixing Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China .,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University, Shanghai, China .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zivarpour P, Hallajzadeh J, Asemi Z, Sadoughi F, Sharifi M. Chitosan as possible inhibitory agents and delivery systems in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:544. [PMID: 34663339 PMCID: PMC8524827 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a lethal cancer in which white blood cells undergo proliferation and immature white blood cells are seen in the bloodstream. Without diagnosis and management in early stages, this type of cancer can be fatal. Changes in protooncogenic genes and microRNA genes are the most important factors involved in development of leukemia. At present, leukemia risk factors are not accurately identified, but some studies have pointed out factors that predispose to leukemia. Studies show that in the absence of genetic risk factors, leukemia can be prevented by reducing the exposure to risk factors of leukemia, including smoking, exposure to benzene compounds and high-dose radioactive or ionizing radiation. One of the most important treatments for leukemia is chemotherapy which has devastating side effects. Chemotherapy and medications used during treatment do not have a specific effect and destroy healthy cells besides leukemia cells. Despite the suppressing effect of chemotherapy against leukemia, patients undergoing chemotherapy have poor quality of life. So today, researchers are focusing on finding more safe and effective natural compounds and treatments for cancer, especially leukemia. Chitosan is a valuable natural compound that is biocompatible and non-toxic to healthy cells. Anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant effects are examples of chitosan biopolymer properties. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of this compound in medical treatments and the pharmaceutical industry. In this article, we take a look at the latest advances in the use of chitosan in the treatment and improvement of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Zivarpour
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Bovilla VR, Kuruburu MG, Bettada VG, Krishnamurthy J, Sukocheva OA, Thimmulappa RK, Shivananju NS, Balakrishna JP, Madhunapantula SV. Targeted Inhibition of Anti-Inflammatory Regulator Nrf2 Results in Breast Cancer Retardation In Vitro and In Vivo. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1119. [PMID: 34572304 PMCID: PMC8471069 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress-response transcriptional activator that promotes carcinogenesis through metabolic reprogramming, tumor promoting inflammation, and therapeutic resistance. However, the extension of Nrf2 expression and its involvement in regulation of breast cancer (BC) responses to chemotherapy remain largely unclear. This study determined the expression of Nrf2 in BC tissues (n = 46) and cell lines (MDA-MB-453, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) with diverse phenotypes. Immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis indicated lower Nrf2 expression in normal breast tissues, compared to BC samples, although the difference was not found to be significant. However, pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-induced downregulation of Nrf2 were marked by decreased activity of NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a direct target of Nrf2. Silenced or inhibited Nrf2 signaling resulted in reduced BC proliferation and migration, cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptosis, and sensitization of BC cells to cisplatin in vitro. Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells demonstrated elevated levels of Nrf2 and were further tested in experimental mouse models in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of pharmacological Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol slowed tumor cell growth. Brusatol increased lymphocyte trafficking towards engrafted tumor tissue in vivo, suggesting activation of anti-cancer effects in tumor microenvironment. Further large-scale BC testing is needed to confirm Nrf2 marker and therapeutic capacities for chemo sensitization in drug resistant and advanced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal R. Bovilla
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadevaswamy G. Kuruburu
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya G. Bettada
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayashree Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Olga A. Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Rajesh K. Thimmulappa
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Nanjunda Swamy Shivananju
- Department of Biotechnology, JSS Technical Institutions Campus, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
| | | | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Leader, Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
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17
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Liapis E, Karlas A, Klemm U, Ntziachristos V. Chemotherapeutic effects on breast tumor hemodynamics revealed by eigenspectra multispectral optoacoustic tomography (eMSOT). Theranostics 2021; 11:7813-7828. [PMID: 34335966 PMCID: PMC8315054 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamic tumor responses to chemotherapy could provide unique insights into the development of therapeutic resistance and inform therapeutic decision-making in the clinic. Methods: Here, we examined the longitudinal and dynamic effects of the common chemotherapeutic drug Taxotere on breast tumor (KPL-4) blood volume and oxygen saturation using eigenspectra multispectral optoacoustic tomography (eMSOT) imaging over a period of 41 days. Tumor vascular function was assessed by dynamic oxygen-enhanced eMSOT (OE-eMSOT). The obtained in vivo optoacoustic data were thoroughly validated by ex vivo cryoimaging and immunohistochemical staining against markers of vascularity and hypoxia. Results: We provide the first preclinical evidence that prolonged treatment with Taxotere causes a significant drop in mean whole tumor oxygenation. Furthermore, application of OE-eMSOT showed a diminished vascular response in Taxotere-treated tumors and revealed the presence of static blood pools, indicating increased vascular permeability. Conclusion: Our work has important translational implications and supports the feasibility of eMSOT imaging for non-invasive assessment of tumor microenvironmental responses to chemotherapy.
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19
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Smolinski MP, Urgaonkar S, Pitzonka L, Cutler M, Lee G, Suh KH, Lau JYN. Discovery of Encequidar, First-in-Class Intestine Specific P-glycoprotein Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3677-3693. [PMID: 33729781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Many chemotherapeutics, such as paclitaxel, are administered intravenously as they suffer from poor oral bioavailability, partly because of efflux mechanism of P-glycoprotein in the intestinal epithelium. To date, no drug has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that selectively blocks this efflux pump. We sought to identify a compound that selectively inhibits P-glycoprotein in the gastrointestinal mucosa with poor oral bioavailability, thus eliminating the issues such as bone marrow toxicity associated with systemic inhibition of P-glycoprotein. Here, we describe the discovery of highly potent, selective, and poorly orally bioavailable P-glycoprotein inhibitor 14 (encequidar). Clinically, encequidar was found to be well tolerated and minimally absorbed; and importantly, it enabled the oral delivery of paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Smolinski
- Athenex Inc., Conventus Building, 1001 Main Street, Suite 600, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Sameer Urgaonkar
- Athenex Inc., Conventus Building, 1001 Main Street, Suite 600, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Laura Pitzonka
- Athenex Inc., Conventus Building, 1001 Main Street, Suite 600, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Murray Cutler
- Athenex Inc., Conventus Building, 1001 Main Street, Suite 600, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - GwanSun Lee
- Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 14, Wiryeseong-daero, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05545, Korea
| | - Kwee Hyun Suh
- Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 14, Wiryeseong-daero, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05545, Korea
| | - Johnson Y N Lau
- Athenex Inc., Conventus Building, 1001 Main Street, Suite 600, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
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First-in-human, phase I/IIa study of CRLX301, a nanoparticle drug conjugate containing docetaxel, in patients with advanced or metastatic solid malignancies. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1047-1056. [PMID: 33594602 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background This was a phase I/IIa study to investigate the tolerability, efficacy and pharmacokinetics (PK)/ pharmacodynamics (PD) of CRLX301, CDP-based nanoparticle formulation of docetaxel. Methods The study was conducted in two parts. In part 1, dose-escalation using a standard 3 + 3 design was performed in two dosing schedules (every week (QW) and every 3 weeks (Q3W)). Part 2 was comprised of a dose expansion at 75 mg/m2 Q3W. PK studies were performed on both dosing schedules. Results Forty-two patients were recruited onto the study with a median age of 64(range 38-76); median number of prior systemic therapies was 5(range 0-10). Grade 3/4 treatment-related toxicities included: neutropenia (21.4 %), infusion related reaction (11.9 %), anemia (7.1 %), fatigue (4.8 %), diarrhea (4.8 %), and peripheral neuropathy (4.8 %). The maximum tolerated dose was 75 mg/m2 given on the Q3W schedule and was not determined on the QW schedule. In this heavily pre-treated population, four patients (12.9 %) achieved stable disease (SD) ≥ 4 months and 2 patients (6.5 %) achieved partial response (PR) for a clinical benefit rate (CBR) of 19.4 % (6/31 patients). The PRs were seen in prostate and breast adenocarcinoma (one each). CRLX301 exhibited some PK advantages over docetaxel including higher retention of drug in plasma, slower clearance and controlled slow release of docetaxel from the carrier. Conclusions In this heavily pretreated patient population, the safety profile was acceptable for CRLX301 therapy. There was some evidence of preliminary tumor efficacy, but further work is necessary to find the optimal dose and schedule of this formulation.Clinicaltrials.gov trial registration number: NCT02380677 (Date of registration: March 2, 2015).
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Sun D, Li WY, Chen SH, Zhi ZF, Lin HS, Fan JT, Fan YJ. shRNA-Mediated Suppression of γ-Synuclein Leading to Downregulation of p38/ERK/JNK Phosphorylation and Cell Cycle Arrest in Endometrial Cancer Cells. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Natural Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010029. [PMID: 33374186 PMCID: PMC7824130 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites from plants and fungi are stimulating growing interest in consumers and, consequently, in the food and supplement industries. The beneficial effects of these natural compounds are being thoroughly studied and there are frequent updates about the biological activities of old and new molecules isolated from plants and fungi. In this article, we present a review of the most recent literature regarding the recent discovery of secondary metabolites through isolation and structural elucidation, as well as the in vitro and/or in vivo evaluation of their biological effects. In particular, the possibility of using these bioactive molecules in the prevention and/or treatment of widely spread pathologies such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases is discussed.
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Co-delivery of cisplatin and siRNA through hybrid nanocarrier platform for masking resistance to chemotherapy in lung cancer. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:2052-2071. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kato I, Kasukabe T, Kumakura S. Menin‑MLL inhibitors induce ferroptosis and enhance the anti‑proliferative activity of auranofin in several types of cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:1057-1071. [PMID: 32945449 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Menin‑mixed‑lineage leukemia (MLL) inhibitors have potential for use as therapeutic agents for MLL‑rearranged leukemia. They are also effective against solid cancers, such as breast cancer. The present study demonstrated that menin‑MLL inhibitors, such as MI‑463, unexpectedly induced the ferroptotic cell death of several cancer cell lines. MI‑463 at a double‑digit nM concentration markedly decreased the viable number of OVCAR‑8 ovarian cancer cells for 3 days. Ferrostatin‑1 (a ferroptosis inhibitor) almost completely abrogated the MI‑463‑induced decrease in viable cell numbers. Furthermore, the cancer cell‑killing activity was inhibited by N‑acetylcysteine [a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS)], deferoxamine (DFO, an iron chelator), PD146176 (a specific inhibitor of arachidonate 15‑lipoxygenase), idebenone (a membrane‑permeable analog of CoQ10) and oleic acid [a monounsaturated fatty acid and one of the end products of stearoyl‑CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1)], whereas Z‑VAD‑FMK (an apoptosis inhibitor) had a negligible effect on cell death. It was also found that MI‑463 in combination with auranofin (a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor) synergistically increased cancer the death of breast, ovarian, pancreatic and lung cancer cell lines (88%, 14/16 cell lines). The synergistic induction of cell death was abrogated by ferroptosis inhibitor and DFO. Inhibitors of SCD1, similar to MI‑463, also enhanced cancer cell death synergistically with auranofin, while inhibitors of SCD1 and MI‑463 did not additively induce cell death. Treatment with zinc protoporphyrin‑9, a specific inhibitor of heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1), markedly attenuated the cell death induced by MI‑463 plus auranofin. On the whole, these results suggest that the MI‑463‑induced decrease in cell viability may be at least partly associated with the inhibition of SCD1 activity. In addition, the potent induction of HO‑1 contributed to the synergistic effects of MI‑463 plus auranofin. Therefore, menin‑MLL inhibitors, such as MI‑463, in combination with auranofin represent an effective therapeutic approach for several types of cancer via the induction of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiroh Kato
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693‑8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Kasukabe
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693‑8501, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kumakura
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693‑8501, Japan
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Lactoferrin-dual drug nanoconjugate: Synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of docetaxel and the NF-κB inhibitor celastrol. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111422. [PMID: 33255023 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the progress in cancer nanotherapeutics, some obstacles still impede the success of nanocarriers and hinder their clinical translation. Low drug loading, premature drug release, off-target toxicity and multi-drug resistance are among the most difficult challenges. Lactoferrin (LF) has demonstrated a great tumor targeting capacity via its high binding affinity to low density lipoprotein (LDL) and transferrin (Tf) receptors overexpressed by various cancer cells. Herein, docetaxel (DTX) and celastrol (CST) could be successfully conjugated to LF backbone for synergistic breast cancer therapy. Most importantly, the conjugate self-assembled forming nanoparticles of 157.8 nm with elevated loading for both drugs (6.94 and 5.98% for DTX and CST, respectively) without risk of nanocarrier instability. Moreover, the nanoconjugate demonstrated enhanced in vivo anti-tumor efficacy in breast cancer-bearing mice, as reflected by a reduction in tumor volume, prolonged survival rate and significant suppression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, COX-2 and Ki-67 expression levels compared to the group given free combined DTX/CST therapy and to positive control. This study demonstrated the proof-of-principle for dual drug coupling to LF as a versatile nanoplatform that could augment their synergistic anticancer efficacy.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer-related lymphedema affects 700,000 breast cancer survivors in the United States. Although taxane-based chemotherapy regimens are commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer, the impact of taxanes on the lymphatic system remains poorly understood. This study aims to examine the influence of taxane-based chemotherapy on lymphatic function in breast cancer patients. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively-maintained database was performed. Consecutive patients with node positive breast cancer who underwent preoperative indocyanine green (ICG) lymphangiograms were identified. Information including patient demographics, baseline measurements, cancer characteristics, and treatment information were retrieved. Preoperative ICG lymphangiography videos were analyzed and lymphatic contractility was quantified for each subject. Multiple regions of interest were selected on each lymphatic channel and signal intensity was recorded for 3 minutes to generate contractility curves. Each lymphatic contraction was identified using a novel, systematic, and algorithmic approach. RESULTS Twenty-nine consecutive patients with unilateral node-positive breast cancer were included for analysis. Average patient age was 54.5 (13) years and mean BMI was 26.8 kg/m (4). The mean lymphatic contractility of patients who received taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 0.7 contractions/minute (c/m) (n = 19) compared to 1.1 c/m in those who received no neoadjuvant therapy (n = 10), (P = 0.11). In subgroup analysis, patients who reported taxane induced neuropathy demonstrated significantly lower lymphatic contractility values than those who were asymptomatic or did not receive any chemotherapy (P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we used a novel method for quantifying and evaluating lymphatic contractility rates in routine ICG lymphangiograms. Diminished lymphatic contractility was noted in patients who received taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with those who did not. Taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy may adversely affect the lymphatic system in the breast cancer population. A larger patient cohort with longer follow-up time is needed to validate this finding and evaluate any potential association with breast cancer-related lymphedema development.
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Jin Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo G, Yu S, An R. Oxymatrine Inhibits Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression by Suppressing β-Catenin Expression. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:808. [PMID: 32581789 PMCID: PMC7289957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Oxymatrine (OMT) has been identified to possess immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory and anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate its precise function and the underlying molecular mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma progression. Methods The antineoplastic effect of oxymatrine was investigated by CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay, wound healing experiment, transwell assay, and drug-sensitivity analysis in renal cancer cells following oxymatrine treatment. The modulation of oxymatrine on β-catenin was analyzed through western blot and immunofluorescence assay. β-catenin overexpression was employed to determine the key role of β-catenin in oxymatrine-inhibited renal cell carcinoma in vitro. In addition, animal model was established to investigate the effect of oxymatrine on tumor growth in vivo. Results Oxymatrine inhibited renal cell carcinoma progression in vitro, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and chemotherapy sensitivity. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that oxymatrine exerted its antineoplastic effect through suppressing the expression of β-catenin. Moreover, in nude mice model, oxymatrine exhibited remarkable inhibition of tumor growth, which was consistent with our in vitro results. Conclusions Our findings illuminate oxymatrine as an effective antitumor agent in renal cell carcinoma, and suggest it a promising therapeutic application in renal cell carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshan Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiannan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiying Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiliang Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E. Simmons
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Christine Simmons, BC Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. @DrCESimmons
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Ni D, Lu S, Zhang J. Emerging roles of allosteric modulators in the regulation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs): A new paradigm for PPI drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2314-2342. [PMID: 30957264 DOI: 10.1002/med.21585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are closely implicated in various types of cellular activities and are thus pivotal to health and disease states. Given their fundamental roles in a wide range of biological processes, the modulation of PPIs has enormous potential in drug discovery. However, owing to the general properties of large, flat, and featureless interfaces of PPIs, previous attempts have demonstrated that the generation of therapeutic agents targeting PPI interfaces is challenging, rendering them almost "undruggable" for decades. To date, rapid progress in chemical and structural biology techniques has promoted the exploitation of allostery as a novel approach in drug discovery. By attaching to allosteric sites that are topologically and spatially distinct from PPI interfaces, allosteric modulators can achieve improved physiochemical properties. Thus, allosteric modulators may represent an alternative strategy to target intractable PPIs and have attracted intense pharmaceutical interest. In this review, we first briefly introduce the characteristics of PPIs and then present different approaches for investigating PPIs, as well as the latest methods for modulating PPIs. Importantly, we comprehensively review the recent progress in the development of allosteric modulators to inhibit or stabilize PPIs. Finally, we conclude with future perspectives on the discovery of allosteric PPI modulators, especially the application of computational methods to aid in allosteric PPI drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Single-Cell Omics, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Combined bazedoxifene and paclitaxel treatments inhibit cell viability, cell migration, colony formation, and tumor growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 448:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Albano JM, Ribeiro LNDM, Couto VM, Barbosa Messias M, Rodrigues da Silva GH, Breitkreitz MC, de Paula E, Pickholz M. Rational design of polymer-lipid nanoparticles for docetaxel delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 175:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Allosteric Modulators of Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1163:313-334. [PMID: 31707709 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8719-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represent promising drug targets of broad-spectrum therapeutic interests due to their critical implications in both health and disease circumstances. Hence, they are widely accepted as the Holy Grail of drug development. Historically, PPIs were rendered "undruggable" for their large, flat, and pocket-less structures. Current attempts to drug these "intractable" targets include orthosteric and allosteric methodologies. Previous efforts employing orthosteric approaches like protein therapeutics and orthosteric small molecules frequently suffered from poor performance caused by the difficulties in directly targeting PPI interfaces. As structural biology progresses rapidly, allosteric modulators, which direct to the allosteric regulatory sites remote to the PPI surfaces, have gradually established as a potential solution. Allosteric pockets are topologically distal from the PPI orthosteric sites, and their ligands do not need to compete with the PPI partners, which helps to improve the physiochemical and pharmacological properties of allosteric PPI modulators. Thus, exploiting allostery to tailor PPIs is regarded as a tempting strategy in future PPI drug discovery. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of our representative achievements along the way we utilize allosteric effects to tame the difficult PPI systems into druggable targets. Importantly, we provide an in-depth mechanistic analysis of this success, which will be instructive to future related lead optimizations and drug design. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in allosteric PPI drug discovery. Their solutions as well as future perspectives are also presented.
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Sumera, Anwar A, Ovais M, Khan A, Raza A. Docetaxel‐loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a novel drug delivery system. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:621-629. [PMCID: PMC8676273 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, taxanes have emerged as a new class of anticancer drugs. Docetaxel (DTX) the prototype of this class has been approved for the treatment of broad range of cancers. However, to date the commercial preparation of DTX (Taxotere®) is accompanying adverse side effects, intolerance, and poor solubility, which can be overcome by encapsulating them using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). SLNs represent versatile delivery system of drugs with newer forms such as polymer–solid lipid hybrid, surface modified and long circulating nanoparticles bringing forth improved prospects for cancer chemotherapy. In this review, the authors have discussed the current uses of various SLNs formulations of DTX with key emphasis on controlled and site‐specific drug delivery along with enhanced antitumour activity elucidated via in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, the review article highlights few approaches that can be used in combination with existing DTX‐loaded SLNs to supplement DTX drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of SwabiSwabi23430Pakistan
| | - Amania Anwar
- Atta‐ur‐Rehman School of Applied BiosciencesNational University of Science and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Biological SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan
| | - Abad Khan
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of SwabiSwabi23430Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- Nanotheragnostics LabNational Institute of Lasers and OptronicsPakistan Atomic Energy CommissionIslamabad44000Pakistan
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Dong BY, Wang C, Tan L, Tan N, Zhao MD, Lu Y, Du SY. Inhibitory effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with docetaxel on lung cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:76-78. [PMID: 28070999 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the anticancer effect of Shenqi Fuzheng (SQFZ) injection combined with docetaxel on lung cancer cell lines of A549 and Lewis lung cancer (LLC). SQFZ injection alone cannot inhibit the vitality of lung cancer cells, but the antitumor activity of SQFZ combined with docetaxel was significantly higher than that using docetaxel alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yu Dong
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Li Tan
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Ning Tan
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Meng-di Zhao
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yang Lu
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Shou-Ying Du
- New Technology and New Dosage Forms of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Mavroudis D, Saloustros E, Boukovinas I, Papakotoulas P, Kakolyris S, Ziras N, Christophylakis C, Kentepozidis N, Fountzilas G, Rigas G, Varthalitis I, Kalbakis K, Agelaki S, Hatzidaki D, Georgoulias V. Sequential vs concurrent epirubicin and docetaxel as adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk, node-negative, early breast cancer: an interim analysis of a randomised phase III study from the Hellenic Oncology Research Group. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:164-170. [PMID: 28641315 PMCID: PMC5584474 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequential anthracyclines and taxanes are standard adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with high-risk axillary node-positive breast cancer. We compared a sequential to a concurrent regimen in high-risk node-negative early breast cancer. METHODS Patients were eligible if they had tumours >2 cm or T1c with two of the following characteristics: no oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression, histological grade III, Ki67 >40% and vascular, lymphovascular or perineural invasion. They were randomised to receive four cycles of epirubicin 90 mg m-2 followed by four cycles of docetaxel 75 mg m-2 (sequential regimen) or six cycles of epirubicin 75 mg m-2 plus docetaxel 75 mg m-2 (concurrent regimen). All chemotherapy cycles were administered every 21 days with G-CSF prophylaxis only for the concurrent arm. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Between 2001 and 2013, 658 women received the sequential (n=329) or the concurrent (n=329) regimen. The median age was 53 years, 43.9% of the patients were premenopausal and of the tumours 44.2% were ⩽2 cm, 52.7% histological grade 3 and 35.3% hormone receptor-negative. After a median follow-up of 70.5 months, there were 29 (8.8%) vs 42 (12.8%) disease relapses (P=0.102) and 11 (3.3%) vs 19 (5.8%) deaths (P=0.135), in the sequential and concurrent arm, respectively. The 5-year DFS rates were 92.6% vs 88.2% for sequential and concurrent arm, respectively (hazard ratio (HR): 1.591; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.990-2.556; P=0.055). Toxicity included grade 2-4 neutropenia in 54% vs 41% (P=0.001), febrile neutropenia 2.7% vs 6.1% (P=0.06), nausea/vomiting 18.5% vs 12.4% (P=0.03) of patients in the sequential and concurrent arm. There were no toxic deaths. CONCLUSIONS Sequential compared with the concurrent administration of anthracyclines and taxanes is associated with a non-significant but possibly clinically meaningful improvement in DFS. In the era of molecular selection of patients for adjuvant chemotherapy, this study offers valuable information for the optimal administration of anthracyclines and taxanes in patients with node-negative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Pavlos Papakotoulas
- 2nd Department of Medical Oncology, 'Theageneio' Cancer Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kakolyris
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Ziras
- 2nd Department of Medical Oncology, 'Metaxas' Cancer Center, Piraeus, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Georgios Rigas
- Chemotherapy Unit, General Hospital of Volos 'Achilopoulio', Volos, Greece
| | | | | | - Sofia Agelaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
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Hare SR, Farnham JM, Tantillo DJ. Putative biosynthetic cycloadditions en route to the diterpenoid (+)-chatancin. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Louage B, De Wever O, Hennink WE, De Geest BG. Developments and future clinical outlook of taxane nanomedicines. J Control Release 2017; 253:137-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Geng C, Li P, Chen X, Yuan G, Guo N, Liu H, Zhang R, Guo R. Comparison of the docetaxel concentration in human plasma measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a nanoparticle immunoassay and clinical applications of that assay. Biosci Trends 2017; 11:202-208. [PMID: 28420860 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To determine the feasibility of using a nanoparticle immunoassay for clinical therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of docetaxel concentrations, a sensitive and simple method of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was established to measure the docetaxel concentration in human plasma and the results of LC-MS/MS and the immunoassay were compared. Docetaxel and paclitaxel (the internal standard, or IS) in human plasma were extracted through protein precipitation, separated on a Diamonsil C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), ionized with positive ions, and detected with LC-MS/MS in multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Plasma samples from 248 cancer patients were assayed with LC-MS/MS and a nanoparticle immunoassay. Data from the samples were analyzed with the statistical software SPSS and the software MedCalc. Results indicated that the calibration curve of the validated method of LC-MS/MS was linear over the range of 10-2,000 ng/mL, with an lowest limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 10 ng/mL, and the intra- and inter- day precision and accuracy were both < ± 15%. Comparison of the two methods indicated that results of the LC-MS/MS were closely related to those of the nanoparticle immunoassay, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.965 and acceptable 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ‒ 231.7-331.1 ng/mL. Overall, the established method of LC-MC/MS and the nanoparticle immunoassay were both suitable for measurement of the docetaxel concentration in human plasma, and the immunoassay was far more cost-effective and better at clinical TDM of docetaxel in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Geng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Pingli Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Xuwang Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Guiyan Yuan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Nan Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Huanjun Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Ruichen Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
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Zhao G, Li Y, Wang T. Potentiation of docetaxel sensitivity by miR-638 via regulation of STARD10 pathway in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:255-261. [PMID: 28412359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to classical chemotherapeutics such as docetaxel (DTX) remains a critical challenge in breast cancer (BCa) treatment. Epigenetic modification by microRNAs (miRNAs) has been shown to play a crucial role in cancer drug resistance. Previous study, using human drug-resistant BCa tissues, has identified miR-638 as one of the most down-regulated miRNAs, but its exact roles and underlying mechanisms during the pathogenesis of chemoresistance remain to be determined. In the current study, we found that miR-638 expression was significantly down-regulated in clinical DTX-resistant BCa tissues compared to that in DTX-sensitive BCa tissues. By using the previously established DTX-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/R), we also confirmed that chemoresistant cells displayed decreased levels of miR-638. To provide the direct functional evidence, we inhibited and overexpressed miR-638 in different cell lines. Thereby, the cells were rendered more resistant or susceptible to DTX treatment. Mechanistically, the lipid-binding protein STARD10 was identified as a miR-638 target mediating the DTX-resistance. Hence, we provide a molecular explanation for acquired resistance to DTX that is caused by the miR-638 deficiency and subsequent STARD10 upregulation. In consequence, alteration of miR-638/STARD10 cascade may represent an attractive strategy in future adjuvant therapy along with DTX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhao
- Department of Thyroid Gland and Breast Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Thyroid Gland and Breast Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
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Kerckhove N, Collin A, Condé S, Chaleteix C, Pezet D, Balayssac D. Long-Term Effects, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, and Risk Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathies: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:86. [PMID: 28286483 PMCID: PMC5323411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxic anticancer drugs, such as platinum-based anticancer drugs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and proteasome/angiogenesis inhibitors are responsible for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The health consequences of CIPN remain worrying as it is associated with several comorbidities and affects a specific population of patients already impacted by cancer, a strong driver for declines in older adults. The purpose of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the long-term effects of CIPN in cancer patients and survivors. Pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors are also presented. Neurotoxic mechanisms leading to CIPNs are not yet fully understood but involve neuronopathy and/or axonopathy, mainly associated with DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondria toxicity, and ion channel remodeling in the neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Classical symptoms of CIPNs are peripheral neuropathy with a “stocking and glove” distribution characterized by sensory loss, paresthesia, dysesthesia and numbness, sometimes associated with neuropathic pain in the most serious cases. Several risk factors can promote CIPN as a function of the anticancer drug considered, such as cumulative dose, treatment duration, history of neuropathy, combination of therapies and genetic polymorphisms. CIPNs are frequent in cancer patients with an overall incidence of approximately 38% (possibly up to 90% of patients treated with oxaliplatin). Finally, the long-term reversibility of these CIPNs remain questionable, notably in the case of platinum-based anticancer drugs and taxanes, for which CIPN may last several years after the end of anticancer chemotherapies. These long-term effects are associated with comorbidities such as depression, insomnia, falls and decreases of health-related quality of life in cancer patients and survivors. However, it is noteworthy that these long-term effects remain poorly studied, and only limited data are available such as in the case of bortezomib and thalidomide-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kerckhove
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurore Collin
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sakahlé Condé
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neurologie, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Chaleteix
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hématologie Clinique Adulte Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denis Pezet
- INSERM U1071, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Chirurgie et Oncologie Digestive, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Balayssac
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Wageesha NDA, Soysa P, Atthanayake K, Choudhary MI, Ekanayake M. A traditional poly herbal medicine "Le Pana Guliya " induces apoptosis in HepG 2 and HeLa cells but not in CC1 cells: an in vitro assessment. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:2. [PMID: 28101129 PMCID: PMC5215177 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
"Le Pana Guliya" (LPG) is a polyherbal formulation which is used to treat different types of cancers in traditional medicine. In this study we describe in vitro efficacy and mechanism of action of LPG on two cancer cell lines (HepG2 and HeLa) compared with a normal cell line CC1. The MTT, LDH assays and protein synthesis were used to study antiproliferative activity of LPG while NO synthesis and GSH content were assayed to determine the oxidative stress exerted by LPG. Rhodamine 123 staining, caspase 3 activity, DNA fragmentation and microscopic examination of cells stained with ethidium bromide/acridine orange were used to identify the apoptosis mechanisms associated with LPG. The LPG showed the most potent antiproliferative effect against the proliferation of HepG2 and HeLa cells with an EC50 value of 2.72 ± 1.36 and 19.03 ± 2.63 µg/mL for MTT assay after 24 h treatment respectively. In contrast, CC1 cells showed an EC50 value of 213.07 ± 7.71 µg/mL. Similar results were observed for LDH release. A dose dependent decrease in protein synthesis was shown in both cancer cell types compared to CC1 cells. The reduction of GSH content and elevation of cell survival with exogenous GSH prove that the LPG act via induction of oxidative stress. LPG also stimulates the production of NO and mediates oxidative stress. Rhodamine 123 assay shows the mitochondrial involvement in cell death by depletion of Δψ inducing downstream events in apoptosis. This results in increase in caspase-3 activity eventually DNA fragmentation and LPG induced apoptotic cell death. In conclusion the present study suggested that the LPG exerted an anticancer activity via oxidative stress dependent apoptosis. Therefore present study provides the scientific proof of the traditional knowledge in using LPG as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nekadage Don Amal Wageesha
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Asian Institute of Technology and Medicine, Malabe, Sri Lanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Preethi Soysa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Keerthi Atthanayake
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Asian Institute of Technology and Medicine, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Paciotti GF, Zhao J, Cao S, Brodie PJ, Tamarkin L, Huhta M, Myer LD, Friedman J, Kingston DGI. Synthesis and Evaluation of Paclitaxel-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2646-2657. [PMID: 27689882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of thiolated paclitaxel analogs is described as part of a novel nanomedicine program aimed at developing formulations of paclitaxel that will bind to gold nanoparticles for tumor targeted drug delivery. Preliminary evaluation of the new nanomedicine composed of 27 nm gold nanoparticles, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG-thiol), and one of several thiolated paclitaxel analogs is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio F Paciotti
- CytImmune Sciences Inc. , 15010 Broschart Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Jielu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Chemistry and the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Peggy J Brodie
- Department of Chemistry and the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Lawrence Tamarkin
- CytImmune Sciences Inc. , 15010 Broschart Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Marja Huhta
- CytImmune Sciences Inc. , 15010 Broschart Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Lonnie D Myer
- CytImmune Sciences Inc. , 15010 Broschart Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Jay Friedman
- CytImmune Sciences Inc. , 15010 Broschart Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry and the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Wang J, Xue P, Zhou J, Li L, Xu L, Wang Y. Comparison of two kinds of docetaxel-vitamin E prodrugs: In vitro evaluation and in vivo antitumor activity. Int J Pharm 2016; 505:352-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pharmacokinetic effects of curcumin on docetaxel mediated by OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and CYP450s. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 31:269-75. [PMID: 27452633 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin can synergistically enhance docetaxel's in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity and has been co-administrated with docetaxel in clinical trials. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel and explore its mechanism on OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and human liver microsomes (HLMs). In rats, curcumin increased the docetaxel area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-8h) and the terminal half-life (t1/2) to 1.86- and 1.55-fold, respectively. Moreover, curcumin decreased the clearance (CL) of docetaxel to 52.1%. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably expressing OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 were used to observe the effects of curcumin on OATP1B1 and OATP1B3-mediated uptake of docetaxel. Curcumin exhibited potent inhibition on OATP1B1 and OATP1B3-mediated docetaxel uptake with IC50 values of 3.81 ± 1.19 μM and 33.70 ± 1.22 μM, respectively. The inhibition of curcumin on docetaxel metabolism in HLMs indicated that curcumin can modestly inhibit the metabolism of docetaxel with the IC50 value of 22.70 ± 1.13 μM and Ki value of 24.72 ± 4.24 μM. The preclinical and clinical improved docetaxel's therapeutic efficacy when co-administrated with curcumin may be due to the inhibition of curcumin on OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and HLMs activities. Close attention should be paid when combined treatment with docetaxel and curcumin carried out clinically.
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Cariati M, Bains SK, Grootendorst MR, Suyoi A, Peters AM, Mortimer P, Ellis P, Harries M, Van Hemelrijck M, Purushotham AD. Adjuvant taxanes and the development of breast cancer-related arm lymphoedema. Br J Surg 2015; 102:1071-8. [PMID: 26040263 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite affecting approximately one-quarter of all patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection, the pathophysiology of breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) remains poorly understood. More extensive locoregional treatment and higher body mass index have long been identified as major risk factors. This study aimed to identify risk factors for BCRL with a specific focus on the potential impact of chemotherapy on the risk of BCRL. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of a cohort of consecutive patients with breast cancer treated at a major London regional teaching hospital between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2012. All patients had node-positive disease and underwent axillary lymph node dissection. Data regarding tumour-, patient- and treatment-related characteristics were collected prospectively. The diagnosis of BCRL was based on both subjective and objective criteria. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association between treatment and risk of BCRL. RESULTS Some 27.1 per cent of all patients (74 of 273) developed BCRL over the study period. Administration of taxanes showed a strong association with the development of BCRL, as 52 (33.5 per cent) of 155 patients who received taxanes developed BCRL. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that patients who received taxanes were nearly three times more likely to develop BCRL than patients who had no chemotherapy (hazard ratio 2.82, 95 per cent c.i. 1.31 to 6.06). No such increase was observed when taxanes were administered in the neoadjuvant setting. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that adjuvant taxanes play a key role in the development of BCRL after surgery. This may support the use of taxanes in a neoadjuvant rather than adjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cariati
- Section of Research Oncology, King's College London, London, UK.,Directorate of Haematology and Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S K Bains
- Section of Research Oncology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - A Suyoi
- Directorate of Haematology and Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A M Peters
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - P Mortimer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - P Ellis
- Section of Research Oncology, King's College London, London, UK.,Directorate of Haematology and Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Harries
- Section of Research Oncology, King's College London, London, UK.,Directorate of Haematology and Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Van Hemelrijck
- School of Medicine, Cancer Epidemiology Group, Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A D Purushotham
- Section of Research Oncology, King's College London, London, UK.,Directorate of Haematology and Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Trikka FA, Nikolaidis A, Athanasakoglou A, Andreadelli A, Ignea C, Kotta K, Argiriou A, Kampranis SC, Makris AM. Iterative carotenogenic screens identify combinations of yeast gene deletions that enhance sclareol production. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:60. [PMID: 25903744 PMCID: PMC4413541 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Terpenoids (isoprenoids) have numerous applications in flavors, fragrances, drugs and biofuels. The number of microbially produced terpenoids is increasing as new biosynthetic pathways are being elucidated. However, efforts to improve terpenoid production in yeast have mostly taken advantage of existing knowledge of the sterol biosynthetic pathway, while many additional factors may affect the output of the engineered system. Results Aiming to develop a yeast strain that can support high titers of sclareol, a diterpene of great importance for the perfume industry, we sought to identify gene deletions that improved carotenoid, and thus potentially sclareol, production. Using a carotenogenic screen, the best 100 deletion mutants, out of 4,700 mutant strains, were selected to create a subset for further analysis. To identify combinations of deletions that cooperate to further boost production, iterative carotenogenic screens were applied, and each time the top performing gene deletions were further ranked according to the number of genetic and physical interactions known for each specific gene. The gene selected in each round was deleted and the resulting strain was employed in a new round of selection. This approach led to the development of an EG60 derived haploid strain combining six deletions (rox1, dos2, yer134c, vba5, ynr063w and ygr259c) and exhibiting a 40-fold increase in carotenoid and 12-fold increase in sclareol titers, reaching 750 mg/L sclareol in shake flask cultivation. Conclusion Using an iterative approach, we identified novel combinations of yeast gene deletions that improve carotenoid and sclareol production titers without compromising strain growth and viability. Most of the identified deletions have not previously been implicated in sterol pathway control. Applying the same approach using a different starting point could yield alternative sets of deletions with similar or improved outcome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0246-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini A Trikka
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Alexandros Nikolaidis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Anastasia Athanasakoglou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece. .,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Aggeliki Andreadelli
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Codruta Ignea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Konstantia Kotta
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Sotirios C Kampranis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Antonios M Makris
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/CERTH, P.O. Box 60361, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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van Asten JJA, Vettukattil R, Buckle T, Rottenberg S, van Leeuwen F, Bathen TF, Heerschap A. Increased levels of choline metabolites are an early marker of docetaxel treatment response in BRCA1-mutated mouse mammary tumors: an assessment by ex vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Transl Med 2015; 13:114. [PMID: 25890200 PMCID: PMC4404119 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Docetaxel is one of the most frequently used drugs to treat breast cancer. However, resistance or incomplete response to docetaxel is a major challenge. The aim of this study was to utilize MR metabolomics to identify potential biomarkers of docetaxel resistance in a mouse model for BRCA1-mutated breast cancer. Methodology High resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) 1H MR spectroscopy was performed on tissue samples obtained from docetaxel-sensitive or -resistant BRCA1-mutated mammary tumors in mice. Measurements were performed on samples obtained before treatment and at 1-2, 3-5 and 6-7 days after a 25 mg/kg dose of docetaxel. The MR spectra were analyzed by multivariate analysis, followed by analysis of the signals of individual compounds by peak fitting and integration with normalization to the integral of the creatine signal and of all signals between 2.9 and 3.6 ppm. Results The HRMAS spectra revealed significant metabolic differences between sensitive and resistant tissue samples. In particular choline metabolites were higher in resistant tumors by more than 50% with respect to creatine and by more than 30% with respect to all signals between 2.9 and 3.6 ppm. Shortly after treatment (1-2 days) the normalized choline metabolite levels were significantly increased by more than 30% in the sensitive group coinciding with the time of highest apoptotic activity induced by docetaxel. Thereafter, choline metabolites in these tumors returned towards pre-treatment levels. No change in choline compounds was observed in the resistant tumors over the whole time of investigation. Conclusions Relative tissue concentrations of choline compounds are higher in docetaxel resistant than in sensitive BRCA1-mutated mouse mammary tumors, but in the first days after docetaxel treatment only in the sensitive tumors an increase of these compounds is observed. Thus both pre- and post-treatment tissue levels of choline compounds have potential to predict response to docetaxel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack J A van Asten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Riyas Vettukattil
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute- Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sven Rottenberg
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute- Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Fijs van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Tone F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Danilova NV, Kalzhanov ZR, Nefedova NA, Mal'kov PG, Kosmas IP, Eliseeva MY, Mynbaev OA. Docetaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles as a basis for a targeted and dose-sparing personalized breast cancer treatment strategy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2417-21. [PMID: 25848260 PMCID: PMC4381627 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s77186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Danilova
- International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Team, MIPT Center for Human Physiology, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Technologies, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, Moscow, Russia ; Department of Physiology and Basic Pathology, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhomart R Kalzhanov
- Department of Human Metabolism, Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nina A Nefedova
- Department of Physiology and Basic Pathology, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel G Mal'kov
- Department of Physiology and Basic Pathology, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ioannis P Kosmas
- International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Team, MIPT Center for Human Physiology, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Technologies, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, Moscow, Russia ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ioannina State General Hospital G Chatzikosta, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marina Y Eliseeva
- International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Team, MIPT Center for Human Physiology, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Technologies, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, Moscow, Russia ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ospan A Mynbaev
- International Translational Medicine and Biomodeling Research Team, MIPT Center for Human Physiology, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Technologies, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, Moscow, Russia ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia ; Laboratory of Immunology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after AI Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
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Saloustros E, Malamos N, Boukovinas I, Kakolyris S, Kouroussis C, Athanasiadis A, Ziras N, Kentepozidis N, Makrantonakis P, Polyzos A, Christophyllakis C, Georgoulias V, Mavroudis D. Dose-dense paclitaxel versus docetaxel following FEC as adjuvant chemotherapy in axillary node-positive early breast cancer: a multicenter randomized study of the Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 148:591-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sharifi S, Barar J, Hejazi MS, Samadi N. Roles of the Bcl-2/Bax Ratio, Caspase-8 and 9 in Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8617-22. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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