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Zeng X, Fan L, Qin Q, Zheng D, Wang H, Li M, Jiang Y, Wang H, Liu H, Liang S, Wu L, Liang S. Exogenous PD-L1 binds to PD-1 to alleviate and prevent autism-like behaviors in maternal immune activation-induced male offspring mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 122:527-546. [PMID: 39182588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the interaction of multiple pathogenic factors. Epidemiological studies and animal experiments indicate that maternal immune activation (MIA) is closely related to the development of ASD in offspring. A large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines are transferred from the placenta to the fetal brain during MIA, which impedes fetal neurodevelopment and is accompanied by activation of immune cells and microglia. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) can be highly expressed on the surface of various activated immune cells, when combined with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), it can activate the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and exert powerful immunosuppressive effects, suggesting that this immune checkpoint may have the potential to treat MIA-induced ASD. This study combined bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation to explore the efficacy of Fc-fused PD-L1 (PD-L1-Fc) in treating MIA-induced ASD. Bioinformatics analysis results showed that in human placental inflammation, IL-6 was upregulated, T cells proliferated significantly, and the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was significantly enriched. The experimental results showed that intraperitoneal injection of poly(I:C) induced MIA in pregnant mice resulted in significant expression of IL-6 in their serum, placenta, and fetal brain. At the same time, the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the placenta and fetal brain increased, CD4+ T cells in the spleen were significantly activated, and PD-1 expression increased. Their offspring mice exhibited typical ASD-like behaviors. In vitro experiments on primary microglia of offspring mice have confirmed that the expression of IL-6, PD-1, and PD-L1 is significantly increased, and PD-L1-Fc effectively reduced their expression levels. In the prefrontal cortex of MIA offspring mice, there was an increase in the expression of IL-6, PD-1, and PD-L1; activation of microglial cells, and colocalization with PD-1. Then we administered brain stereotaxic injections of PD-L1-Fc to MIA offspring mice and intraperitoneal injections to MIA pregnant mice. The results indicated that PD-L1-Fc effectively suppressed neuroinflammation in the frontal cortex of offspring mice and partially ameliorated ASD-like behaviors; MIA in pregnant mice was significantly alleviated, and the offspring mice they produced did not exhibit neuroinflammation or ASD-like behaviors. In summary, we have demonstrated the therapeutic ability of PD-L1-Fc for MIA-induced ASD, aiming to provide new strategies and insights for the treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qian Qin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Danyang Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yutong Jiang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shengjun Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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Mladinich MC, Himmler GE, Conde JN, Gorbunova EE, Schutt WR, Sarkar S, Tsirka SAE, Kim HK, Mackow ER. Age-dependent Powassan virus lethality is linked to glial cell activation and divergent neuroinflammatory cytokine responses in a murine model. J Virol 2024; 98:e0056024. [PMID: 39087762 PMCID: PMC11334436 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00560-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Powassan virus (POWV) is an emergent tick-borne flavivirus that causes fatal encephalitis in the elderly and long-term neurologic sequelae in survivors. How age contributes to severe POWV encephalitis remains an enigma, and no animal models have assessed age-dependent POWV neuropathology. Inoculating C57BL/6 mice with a POWV strain (LI9) currently circulating in Ixodes ticks resulted in age-dependent POWV lethality 10-20 dpi. POWV infection of 50-week-old mice was 82% fatal with lethality sequentially reduced by age to 7.1% in 10-week-old mice. POWV LI9 was neuroinvasive in mice of all ages, causing acute spongiform CNS pathology and reactive gliosis 5-15 dpi that persisted in survivors 30 dpi. High CNS viral loads were found in all mice 10 dpi. However, by 15 dpi, viral loads decreased by 2-4 logs in 10- to 40-week-old mice, while remaining at high levels in 50-week-old mice. Age-dependent differences in CNS viral loads 15 dpi occurred concomitantly with striking changes in CNS cytokine responses. In the CNS of 50-week-old mice, POWV induced Th1-type cytokines (IFNγ, IL-2, IL-12, IL-4, TNFα, IL-6), suggesting a neurodegenerative pro-inflammatory M1 microglial program. By contrast, in 10-week-old mice, POWV-induced Th2-type cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, IL-4) were consistent with a neuroprotective M2 microglial phenotype. These findings correlate age-dependent CNS cytokine responses and viral loads with POWV lethality and suggest potential neuroinflammatory therapeutic targets. Our results establish the age-dependent lethality of POWV in a murine model that mirrors human POWV severity and long-term CNS pathology in the elderly. IMPORTANCE Powassan virus is an emerging tick-borne flavivirus causing lethal encephalitis in aged individuals. We reveal an age-dependent POWV murine model that mirrors human POWV encephalitis and long-term CNS damage in the elderly. We found that POWV is neuroinvasive and directs reactive gliosis in all age mice, but at acute stages selectively induces pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokine responses in 50-week-old mice and neuroprotective Th2 cytokine responses in 10-week-old mice. Our findings associate CNS viral loads and divergent cytokine responses with age-dependent POWV lethality and survival outcomes. Responses of young mice suggest potential therapeutic targets and approaches for preventing severe POWV encephalitis that may be broadly applicable to other neurodegenerative diseases. Our age-dependent murine POWV model permits analysis of vaccines that prevent POWV lethality, and therapeutics that resolve severe POWV encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Mladinich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Grace E. Himmler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jonas N. Conde
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Elena E. Gorbunova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - William R. Schutt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Shayan Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Styliani-Anna E. Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Hwan Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Erich R. Mackow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Wang K, Er J, Zhang Y, Song C, Yu Y, Gao R, Xu H, Dong X, Yuan L, Liu Q, Han J, Yu Y, Yin Y. Increased opioid consumption in neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A multicenter, prospective cohort study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14893. [PMID: 39097916 PMCID: PMC11298197 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS PD-1 block was reported to impair opioid-induced antinociception and affect cognitive function in rodents and non-human primates. This prospective multicenter cohort study aims to investigate the possible impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with PD-1 antibody on perioperative analgesic effect of opioids and postoperative delirium (POD) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Eighty-four NSCLC patients from three medical centers with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nCIT) or chemotherapy (nCT) were enrolled. The primary outcome is the total perioperative opioid consumption defined as the sum of intraoperative and postoperative opioid use within 3 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes compromise of incidence of POD, pain intensity, and number of analgesic pump press. Tumor prognostic parameters and perioperative change of inflammatory cytokines and soluble PD-L1 level were also recorded. RESULTS Eighty-one patients were included in the final analysis. The total opioid consumption (sufentanil equivalent) perioperatively in the nCIT group was significantly higher than that in the nCT group, with mean difference of 60.39 μg, 95% CI (25.58-95.19), p < 0.001. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nCIT was correlated with increased total opioid consumption (β = 0.305; 95% CI, 0.152-0.459; p < 0.001). The incidence of moderate-to-severe pain and cumulative analgesic pump press within 72 h was significantly higher in subjects with nCIT. There is no statistical difference in incidence of POD between groups within 72 h after surgery. The pathologic complete response rate and perioperative serum IL-6 level were higher in the nCIT group than in the nCT group. CONCLUSION Patients with NSCLC receiving nCIT warrant increased opioid consumption perioperatively and suffered from more postoperative pain. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05273827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Jianxu Er
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin University Chest HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Chengcheng Song
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin University Chest HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin University Chest HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Xiaolin Dong
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Limei Yuan
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Qiangwei Liu
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Jiange Han
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin University Chest HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yiqing Yin
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
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Chandra S, Vassar R. The role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease. Neurotherapeutics 2024:e00425. [PMID: 39054180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common cause of dementia. AD is characterized pathologically by proteinaceous aggregates composed of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau as well as progressive neurodegeneration. Concurrently with the buildup of protein aggregates, a strong neuroinflammatory response, in the form of reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis, occurs in the AD brain. It has recently been shown that the gut microbiome (GMB), composed of trillions of bacteria in the human intestine, can regulate both reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis in the context of both amyloidosis and tauopathy. Many studies have implicated microglia in these processes. However, growing evidence suggests that interactions between the GMB and astrocytes have a much larger role than previously thought. In this review, we summarize evidence regarding the gut microbiome in the control of reactive astrocytosis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Robert Vassar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Chen Z, Li W, Meng B, Xu C, Huang Y, Li G, Wen Z, Liu J, Mao Z. Neuronal-enriched small extracellular vesicles trigger a PD-L1-mediated broad suppression of T cells in Parkinson's disease. iScience 2024; 27:110243. [PMID: 39006478 PMCID: PMC11246066 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Many clinical studies indicate a significant decrease of peripheral T cells in Parkinson's disease (PD). There is currently no mechanistic explanation for this important observation. Here, we found that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from in vitro and in vivo PD models suppressed IL-4 and INF-γ production from both purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and inhibited their activation and proliferation. Furthermore, neuronal-enriched sEVs (NEEVs) isolated from plasma of A53T-syn mice and culture media of human dopaminergic neurons carrying A53T-syn mutation also suppressed Th1 and Th2 differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells. Mechanistically, the suppressed phenotype induced by NEEVs was associated with altered programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) level in T cells. Blocking PD-L1 with an anti-PD-L1 antibody or a small molecule inhibitor BMS-1166 reversed T cell suppression. Our study provides the basis for exploring peripheral T cells in PD pathogenesis and as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Departments of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Bo Meng
- Departments of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chongchong Xu
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yiqi Huang
- The Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Guanglu Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zixu Mao
- Departments of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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6
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Vinnakota JM, Adams RC, Athanassopoulos D, Schmidt D, Biavasco F, Zähringer A, Erny D, Schwabenland M, Langenbach M, Wenger V, Salié H, Cook J, Mossad O, Andrieux G, Dersch R, Rauer S, Duquesne S, Monaco G, Wolf P, Blank T, Häne P, Greter M, Becher B, Henneke P, Pfeifer D, Blazar BR, Duyster J, Boerries M, Köhler N, Chhatbar CM, Bengsch B, Prinz M, Zeiser R. Anti-PD-1 cancer immunotherapy induces central nervous system immune-related adverse events by microglia activation. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadj9672. [PMID: 38865481 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj9672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy can cause central nervous system immune-related adverse events (CNS-irAEs). The role of microglia in anti-PD-1 immunotherapy-induced CNS-irAEs is unclear. We found that anti-PD-1 treatment of mice caused morphological signs of activation and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II up-regulation on microglia. Functionally, anti-PD-1 treatment induced neurocognitive deficits in mice, independent of T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. Instead, we found that microglia mediated these CNS-irAEs. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed major transcriptional changes in microglia upon anti-PD-1 treatment. The anti-PD-1 effects were mediated by anti-PD-1 antibodies interacting directly with microglia and were not secondary to peripheral T cell activation. Using a proteomics approach, we identified spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) as a potential target in activated microglia upon anti-PD-1 treatment. Syk inhibition reduced microglia activation and improved neurocognitive function without impairing anti-melanoma effects. Moreover, we analyzed CNS tissue from a patient cohort that had received anti-PD-1 treatment. Imaging mass cytometry revealed that anti-PD-1 treatment of patients was associated with increased surface marker expression indicative of microglia activation. In summary, we identified a disease-promoting role for microglia in CNS-irAEs driven by Syk and provide an inhibitor-based approach to interfere with this complication after anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki Manoja Vinnakota
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rachael C Adams
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 4006 Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 4072 Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Athanassopoulos
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmidt
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Biavasco
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Zähringer
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Erny
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marius Schwabenland
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Langenbach
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Wenger
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrike Salié
- Department of Medicine II-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - James Cook
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Omar Mossad
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rick Dersch
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rauer
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Duquesne
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gianni Monaco
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Single-Cell Omics Platform Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Phillipp Wolf
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blank
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Häne
- Institute of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Greter
- Institute of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency and Center for Pediatrics, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, a partnership between DKFZ and Medical Center - University of Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalie Köhler
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chintan M Chhatbar
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Neuro Modulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, a partnership between DKFZ and Medical Center - University of Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Salminen A. The role of the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway in the aging process and age-related diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:733-750. [PMID: 38600305 PMCID: PMC11106179 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells within tissues is a hallmark of the aging process. Senescent cells are also commonly present in many age-related diseases and in the cancer microenvironment. The escape of abnormal cells from immune surveillance indicates that there is some defect in the function of cytotoxic immune cells, e.g., CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Recent studies have revealed that the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein is abundantly increased in senescent cells. An increase in the amount of PD-L1 protein protects senescent cells from clearance by the PD-1 checkpoint receptor in cytotoxic immune cells. In fact, the activation of the PD-1 receptor suppresses the cytotoxic properties of CD8+ T and NK cells, promoting a state of immunosenescence. The inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway acts in cooperation with immunosuppressive cells; for example, activation of PD-1 receptor can enhance the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and M2 macrophages, whereas the cytokines secreted by immunosuppressive cells stimulate the expression of the immunosuppressive PD-L1 protein. Interestingly, many signaling pathways known to promote cellular senescence and the aging process are crucial stimulators of the expression of PD-L1 protein, e.g., epigenetic regulation, inflammatory mediators, mTOR-related signaling, cGAS-STING pathway, and AhR signaling. It seems that the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis has a crucial role in the accumulation of senescent cells and thus it promotes the aging process in tissues. Thus, the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling might be a potential anti-aging senolytic therapy. KEY MESSAGES: Senescent cells accumulate within tissues during aging and age-related diseases. Senescent cells are able to escape immune surveillance by cytotoxic immune cells. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) markedly increases in senescent cells. Age-related signaling stimulates the expression of PD-L1 protein in senescent cells. Inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway suppresses clearance of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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8
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Wei Q, Li J, Zhao C, Meng S, Liu N, Wu Z, Liu F, Cui L, Hu W, Zhao Y. Blood-based inflammatory protein biomarker panel for the prediction of relapse and severity in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A prospective cohort study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14811. [PMID: 38923840 PMCID: PMC11194177 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, most existing models for predicting neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are based primarily on clinical characteristics. Blood-based NMOSD severity and prognostic predictive immune- and inflammation-related biomarkers are needed. We aimed to investigate the associations between plasma inflammatory biomarkers and relapse and attack severity in NMOSD. METHODS This two-step, single-center prospective cohort study included discovery and validation cohorts. We quantified 92 plasma inflammatory proteins by using Olink's proximity extension assay and identified differentially expressed proteins in the relapse group (relapse within 1 year of follow-up) and severe attack group. To define a new molecular prognostic model, we calculated the risk score of each patient based on the key protein signatures and validated the results in the validation cohort. RESULTS The relapse prediction model, including FGF-23, DNER, GDNF, and SLAMF1, predicted the 1-year relapse risk. The severe attack prediction model, including PD-L1 and MCP-2, predicted the severe clinical attack risk. Both the relapse and severe attack prediction models demonstrated good discriminative ability and high accuracy in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our discovered biomarker signature and prediction models may complement current clinical risk stratification approaches. These inflammatory biomarkers could contribute to the discovery of therapeutic interventions and prevent NMOSD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanfeng Wei
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Jiahong Li
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Su Meng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Na Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Lingling Cui
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Wenyu Hu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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9
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Sarazin M, Lagarde J, El Haddad I, de Souza LC, Bellier B, Potier MC, Bottlaender M, Dorothée G. The path to next-generation disease-modifying immunomodulatory combination therapies in Alzheimer's disease. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:761-770. [PMID: 38839924 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The cautious optimism following recent anti-amyloid therapeutic trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides a glimmer of hope after years of disappointment. Although these encouraging results represent discernible progress, they also highlight the need to enhance further the still modest clinical efficacy of current disease-modifying immunotherapies. Here, we highlight crucial milestones essential for advancing precision medicine in AD. These include reevaluating the choice of therapeutic targets by considering the key role of both central neuroinflammation and peripheral immunity in disease pathogenesis, refining patient stratification by further defining the inflammatory component within the forthcoming ATN(I) (amyloid, tau and neurodegeneration (and inflammation)) classification of AD biomarkers and defining more accurate clinical outcomes and prognostic biomarkers that better reflect disease heterogeneity. Next-generation immunotherapies will need to go beyond the current antibody-only approach by simultaneously targeting pathological proteins together with innate neuroinflammation and/or peripheral-central immune crosstalk. Such innovative immunomodulatory combination therapy approaches should be evaluated in appropriately redesigned clinical therapeutic trials, which must carefully integrate the neuroimmune component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sarazin
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France.
| | - Julien Lagarde
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Inès El Haddad
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Immune System and Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Leonardo Cruz de Souza
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bertrand Bellier
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Immune System and Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Potier
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Michel Bottlaender
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UNIACT, Neurospin, Joliot Institute, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Dorothée
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Immune System and Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.
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10
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Wang XP, Guo W, Chen YF, Hong C, Ji J, Zhang XY, Dong YF, Sun XL. PD-1/PD-L1 axis is involved in the interaction between microglial polarization and glioma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112074. [PMID: 38615383 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in glioblastoma growth and invasion. PD-1 and PD-L1 modulate the immunity in the brain tumor microenvironment. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to reveal the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 on the crosstalk between microglia and glioma. Results showed that glioma cells secreted PD-L1 to the peritumoral areas, particularly microglia containing highly expressed PD-1. In the early stages of glioma, microglia mainly polarized into the pro-inflammatory subtype (M1). Subsequently, the secreted PD-L1 accumulated and bound to PD-1 on microglia, facilitating their polarization toward the microglial anti-inflammatory (M2) subtype primarily via the STAT3 signaling pathway. The role of PD-1/PD-L1 in M2 polarization of microglia was partially due to PD-1/PD-L1 depletion or application of BMS-1166, a novel inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1. Consistently, co-culturing with microglia promoted glioma cell growth and invasion, and blocking PD-1/PD-L1 significantly suppressed these processes. Our findings reveal that the PD-1/PD-L1 axis engages in the microglial M2 polarization in the glioma microenvironment and promotes tumor growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Peng Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye-Fan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin-Feng Dong
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiu-Lan Sun
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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van Olst L, Kamermans A, Halters S, van der Pol SMA, Rodriguez E, Verberk IMW, Verberk SGS, Wessels DWR, Rodriguez-Mogeda C, Verhoeff J, Wouters D, Van den Bossche J, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Lemstra AW, Witte ME, van der Flier WM, Teunissen CE, de Vries HE. Adaptive immune changes associate with clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:38. [PMID: 38658964 PMCID: PMC11044380 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of peripheral immune cells in the disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We comprehensively mapped peripheral immune changes in AD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia compared to controls, using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF). RESULTS We found an adaptive immune signature in AD, and specifically highlight the accumulation of PD1+ CD57+ CD8+ T effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA in the MCI stage of AD. In addition, several innate and adaptive immune cell subsets correlated to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD neuropathology and measures for cognitive decline. Intriguingly, subsets of memory T and B cells were negatively associated with CSF biomarkers for tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in AD patients. Lastly, we established the influence of the APOE ε4 allele on peripheral immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate significant peripheral immune alterations associated with both early and late clinical stages of AD, emphasizing the necessity for further investigation into how these changes influence underlying brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn van Olst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Present address: The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alwin Kamermans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sem Halters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne G S Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle W R Wessels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorine Wouters
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurovascular Disorders, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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12
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Deng D, Zhang T, Ma L, Zhao W, Huang S, Wang K, Shu S, Chen X. PD-L1/PD-1 pathway: a potential neuroimmune target for pain relief. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:51. [PMID: 38643205 PMCID: PMC11031890 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common symptom of many diseases with a high incidence rate. Clinically, drug treatment, as the main method to relieve pain at present, is often accompanied by different degrees of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is urgent to gain a profound understanding of the pain mechanisms in order to develop advantageous analgesic targets. The PD-L1/PD-1 pathway, an important inhibitory molecule in the immune system, has taken part in regulating neuroinflammation and immune response. Accumulating evidence indicates that the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway is aberrantly activated in various pain models. And blocking PD-L1/PD-1 pathway will aggravate pain behaviors. This review aims to summarize the emerging evidence on the role of the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway in alleviating pain and provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in pain resolution, including the regulation of macrophages, microglia, T cells, as well as nociceptor neurons. However, its underlying mechanism still needs to be further elucidated in the future. In conclusion, despite more deep researches are needed, these pioneering studies indicate that PD-L1/PD-1 may be a potential neuroimmune target for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaofang Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Morioka N, Nakamura Y, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Nakata Y. High mobility group box-1: A therapeutic target for analgesia and associated symptoms in chronic pain. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116058. [PMID: 38367818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The number of patients with chronic pain continues to increase against the background of an ageing society and a high incidence of various epidemics and disasters. One factor contributing to this situation is the absence of truly effective analgesics. Chronic pain is a persistent stress for the organism and can trigger a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Hence, the search for useful analgesic targets is currently being intensified worldwide, and it is anticipated that the key to success may be molecules involved in emotional as well as sensory systems. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) has attracted attention as a therapeutic target for a variety of diseases. It is a very unique molecule having a dual role as a nuclear protein while also functioning as an inflammatory agent outside the cell. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that HMGB1 acts as a pain inducer in primary sensory nerves and the spinal dorsal horn. In addition, HMGB1 can function in the brain, and is involved in the symptoms of depression, anxiety and cognitive dysfunction that accompany chronic pain. In this review, we will summarize recent research and discuss the potential of HMGB1 as a useful drug target for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakata
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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14
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Sarkar A, Nagappa M, Dey S, Mondal S, Babu GS, Choudhury SP, Akhil P, Debnath M. Synergistic effects of immune checkpoints and checkpoint inhibitors in inflammatory neuropathies: Implications and mechanisms. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2024; 29:6-16. [PMID: 37988274 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules play pivotal roles in the regulation of immune homeostasis. Disruption of the immune checkpoints causes autoimmune/inflammatory as well as malignant disorders. Over the past few years, the immune checkpoint molecules with inhibitory function emerged as potential therapeutic targets in oncological conditions. The inhibition of the function of these molecules by using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has brought paradigmatic changes in cancer therapy due to their remarkable clinical benefits, not only in improving the quality of life but also in prolonging the survival time of cancer patients. Unfortunately, the ICIs soon turned out to be a "double-edged sword" as the use of ICIs caused multiple immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). The development of inflammatory neuropathies such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) as the secondary effects of immunotherapy appeared very challenging as these conditions result in significant and often permanent disability. The underlying mechanism(s) through which ICIs trigger inflammatory neuropathies are currently not known. Compelling evidence suggests autoimmune reaction and/or inflammation as the independent risk mechanism of inflammatory neuropathies. There is a lack of understanding as to whether prior exposure to the risk factors of inflammatory neuropathies, the presence of germline genetic variants in immune function-related genes, genetic variations within immune checkpoint molecules, the existence of autoantibodies, and activated/memory T cells act as determining factors for ICI-induced inflammatory neuropathies. Herein, we highlight the available pieces of evidence, discuss the mechanistic basis, and propose a few testable hypotheses on inflammatory neuropathies as irAEs of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritrani Sarkar
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Madhu Nagappa
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Saikat Dey
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Sandipan Mondal
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Gopika Suresh Babu
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Saptamita Pal Choudhury
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Pokala Akhil
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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15
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Ma L, Low YLC, Zhuo Y, Chu C, Wang Y, Fowler CJ, Tan ECK, Masters CL, Jin L, Pan Y. Exploring the association between cancer and cognitive impairment in the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4364. [PMID: 38388558 PMCID: PMC10884016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
An inverse association between cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been demonstrated; however, the association between cancer and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and the association between cancer and cognitive decline are yet to be clarified. The AIBL dataset was used to address these knowledge gaps. The crude and adjusted odds ratios for MCI/AD and cognitive decline were compared between participants with/without cancer (referred to as C+ and C- participants). A 37% reduction in odds for AD was observed in C+ participants compared to C- participants after adjusting for all confounders. The overall risk for MCI and AD in C+ participants was reduced by 27% and 31%, respectively. The odds of cognitive decline from MCI to AD was reduced by 59% in C+ participants after adjusting for all confounders. The risk of cognitive decline from MCI to AD was halved in C+ participants. The estimated mean change in Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of boxes (CDR-SOB) score per year was 0.23 units/year higher in C- participants than in C+ participants. Overall, an inverse association between cancer and MCI/AD was observed in AIBL, which is in line with previous reports. Importantly, an inverse association between cancer and cognitive decline has also been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Ma
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yi Ling Clare Low
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yuanhao Zhuo
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Chenyin Chu
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yihan Wang
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Christopher J Fowler
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Edwin C K Tan
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Liang Jin
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Yijun Pan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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16
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Liu Z, Zhao Z, Xie H, Lu N, Liu J, Jiao Q. CXCR5 +TIM-3 -PD-1 + stem-like cytotoxic CD8 + T cells: elevated in chronic rhinosinusitis and associated with disease severity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1295309. [PMID: 38426098 PMCID: PMC10902131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1295309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune background. Altered expression levels of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are implicated in the progression of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ stem-like cytotoxic T cells function as memory stem cells during chronic disease processes and retain cytotoxicity-related gene networks. Objectives To explore the expressions of CXCR5, TIM-3, and PD-1 on T cells and their correlation with clinical parameters in CRS. Methods Flow cytometry was used to assess the expressions and co-expressions of CXCR5, TIM-3, and PD-1 on T cells in the tissues of the paranasal sinus and peripheral blood of patients with CRS as well as healthy controls. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the co-localization of TIM-3, CXCR5, and PD-1 with T cells. The disease severity of our patients with CRS was evaluated using the Lund-Mackay score. A complete blood count was also performed for the patients with CRS. Results Expression levels of CXCR5 and PD-1 on T cells were significantly increased in the nasal tissues of patients with CRS. Compared with those in healthy controls, patients with CRS had high percentages of CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in nasal tissues, while no significant difference was observed in peripheral blood levels. Patients with CRS had a higher density of nasal CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ T cells than that in healthy controls. CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ CD8+ T cell levels in the nasal polyps of patients with CRS were negatively correlated with the patients' Lund-Mackay scores. The levels of CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ T cells in nasal tissues were also negatively associated with disease duration and positively associated with the chronic inflammatory state of CRS. Conclusions The level of CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ stem cell-like T cells, especially CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ CD8+ T cells, is increased in CRS. Therefore, inducing CXCR5+TIM-3-PD-1+ T cell exhaustion may be an effective immunotherapy for CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Liu
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huanxia Xie
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Jiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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17
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Gao Y, Cai L, Wu Y, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Ren W, Song Y, Li L, Lei Z, Wu Y, Zhu L, Li J, Li D, Li G, Luo C, Tao L. Emerging functions and therapeutic targets of IL-38 in central nervous system diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14550. [PMID: 38334236 PMCID: PMC10853902 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-38 is a newly discovered cytokine of the IL-1 family, which binds various receptors (i.e., IL-36R, IL-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1, and IL-1R1) in the central nervous system (CNS). The hallmark physiological function of IL-38 is competitive binding to IL-36R, as does the IL-36R antagonist. Emerging research has shown that IL-38 is abnormally expressed in the serum and brain tissue of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), suggesting that IL-38 may play an important role in neurological diseases. Important advances include that IL-38 alleviates neuromyelitis optica disorder (NMOD) by inhibiting Th17 expression, improves IS by protecting against atherosclerosis via regulating immune cells and inflammation, and reduces IL-1β and CXCL8 release through inhibiting human microglial activity post-ASD. In contrast, IL-38 mRNA is markedly increased and is mainly expressed in phagocytes in spinal cord injury (SCI). IL-38 ablation attenuated SCI by reducing immune cell infiltration. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of IL-38 in CNS diseases remain inadequately characterized. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics, pathophysiological role, and potential mechanisms of IL-38 in CNS diseases (e.g., NMOD, Alzheimer's disease, ASD, IS, TBI, and SCI), aiming to explore the therapeutic potential of IL-38 in the prevention and treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryPennsylvania State University College of MedicineState CollegePennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Forensic ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Luwei Cai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yulu Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wenjing Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yirui Song
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent HealthcareChildren's Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ziguang Lei
- Department of Forensic ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Youzhuang Wu
- Department of Forensic ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Luwen Zhu
- Department of Forensic ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Dongya Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryPennsylvania State University College of MedicineState CollegePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Chengliang Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Luyang Tao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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18
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Millet A, Ledo JH, Tavazoie SF. An exhausted-like microglial population accumulates in aged and APOE4 genotype Alzheimer's brains. Immunity 2024; 57:153-170.e6. [PMID: 38159571 PMCID: PMC10805152 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The dominant risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) are advanced age and the APOE4 genetic variant. To examine how these factors alter neuroimmune function, we generated an integrative, longitudinal single-cell atlas of brain immune cells in AD model mice bearing the three common human APOE alleles. Transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses identified a reactive microglial population defined by the concomitant expression of inflammatory signals and cell-intrinsic stress markers whose frequency increased with age and APOE4 burden. An analogous population was detectable in the brains of human AD patients, including in the cortical tissue, using multiplexed spatial transcriptomics. This population, which we designate as terminally inflammatory microglia (TIM), exhibited defects in amyloid-β clearance and altered cell-cell communication during aducanumab treatment. TIM may represent an exhausted-like state for inflammatory microglia in the AD milieu that contributes to AD risk and pathology in APOE4 carriers and the elderly, thus presenting a potential therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Millet
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jose Henrique Ledo
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, South Carolina Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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19
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Schneider Y, Gauer C, Andert M, Hoffmann A, Riemenschneider MJ, Krebs W, Chalmers N, Lötzsch C, Naumann UJ, Xiang W, Rothhammer V, Beckervordersandforth R, Schlachetzki JCM, Winkler J. Distinct forebrain regions define a dichotomous astrocytic profile in multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:1. [PMID: 38167307 PMCID: PMC10759635 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing recognition of a dichotomous role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative processes has heightened the need for unraveling distinct astrocytic subtypes in neurological disorders. In multiple system atrophy (MSA), a rare, rapidly progressing atypical Parkinsonian disease characterized by increased astrocyte reactivity. However the specific contribution of astrocyte subtypes to neuropathology remains elusive. Hence, we first set out to profile glial fibrillary acidic protein levels in astrocytes across the human post mortem motor cortex, putamen, and substantia nigra of MSA patients and observed an overall profound astrocytic response. Matching the post mortem human findings, a similar astrocytic phenotype was present in a transgenic MSA mouse model. Notably, MSA mice exhibited a decreased expression of the glutamate transporter 1 and glutamate aspartate transporter in the basal ganglia, but not the motor cortex. We developed an optimized astrocyte isolation protocol based on magnetic-activated cell sorting via ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 and profiled the transcriptomic landscape of striatal and cortical astrocytes in transgenic MSA mice. The gene expression profile of astrocytes in the motor cortex displayed an anti-inflammatory signature with increased oligodendroglial and pro-myelinogenic expression pattern. In contrast, striatal astrocytes were defined by elevated pro-inflammatory transcripts accompanied by dysregulated genes involved in homeostatic functions for lipid and calcium metabolism. These findings provide new insights into a region-dependent, dichotomous astrocytic response-potentially beneficial in the cortex and harmful in the striatum-in MSA suggesting a differential role of astrocytes in MSA-related neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Schneider
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Gauer
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Andert
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hoffmann
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M J Riemenschneider
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Krebs
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Data Integration and Analysis (CUBiDA), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - N Chalmers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Lötzsch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - U J Naumann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Xiang
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - V Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Beckervordersandforth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J C M Schlachetzki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - J Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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20
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Xu Z, Wang Y, Jiang C, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Fan M. The regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in imiquimod-induced chronic psoriasis itch and itch sensitization in mouse. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069241252384. [PMID: 38631843 PMCID: PMC11069332 DOI: 10.1177/17448069241252384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been demonstrated to induce itch in both humans and experimental animals. However, whether the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is involved in the regulation of chronic psoriatic itch remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in imiquimod-induced chronic psoriatic itch. The intradermal injection of PD-L1 in the nape of neck significantly alleviated chronic psoriatic itch in imiquimod-treated skin. Additionally, we observed that spontaneous scratching behavior induced by imiquimod disappeared on day 21. Still, intradermal injection of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors could induce more spontaneous scratching for over a month, indicating that imiquimod-treated skin remained in an itch sensitization state after the spontaneous scratching behavior disappeared. During this period, there was a significant increase in PD-1 receptor expression in both the imiquimod-treated skin and the spinal dorsal horn in mice, accompanied by significant activation of microglia in the spinal dorsal horn. These findings suggest the potential involvement of the peripheral and central PD-1/PD-L1 pathways in regulating chronic itch and itch sensitization induced by imiquimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Science and Education, Hefei BOE Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Changcheng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - YongFeng Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Manli Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuyang Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
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21
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Muley VY. Editorial: Gene expression: epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1342890. [PMID: 38161795 PMCID: PMC10756902 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1342890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
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22
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Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Yao L, Zhu Q, Fu Z. Altered levels of cytokine, T- and B-lymphocytes, and PD-1 expression rates in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with acute phase. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21711. [PMID: 38066312 PMCID: PMC10709554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the changes of immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with acute schizophrenia, but few studies have investigated the functional phenotypes of immune cells and the expression rate of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1). The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of immune cells activation, PD-1/PD-L1 expressions, and altered cytokine levels in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with acute-phase. 23 drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase and 23 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study as experimental and control groups, separately. Socio-demographic information including gender, age, duration of illness, and smoking status was collected for each subject. Beckman DXFLEX triple laser thirteen-color flow cytometer and self-contained software CytoFLEX flow cytometric analysis software were used to detect the expressions of PD-1/PD-L1 on CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells. BD Bioscience was used to examine the levels of cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10. Drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase had higher levels of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, higher PD-1 expression in B lymphocytes, and lower levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes. In addition, IL-6 levels of peripheral blood were higher in schizophrenia patients (all P < 0.05). Significant immune stress was present in schizophrenia patients with acute-phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zheng
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianqin Zhou
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjuan Yao
- Hangzhou Di'an Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Lalwani RC, Volmar CH, Wahlestedt C, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. Contextualizing the Role of Osteopontin in the Inflammatory Responses of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3232. [PMID: 38137453 PMCID: PMC10741223 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive accumulations of extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates from soluble oligomers to insoluble plaques and hyperphosphorylated intraneuronal tau, also from soluble oligomers to insoluble neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Tau and Aβ complexes spread from the entorhinal cortex of the brain to interconnected regions, where they bind pattern recognition receptors on microglia and astroglia to trigger inflammation and neurotoxicity that ultimately lead to neurodegeneration and clinical AD. Systemic inflammation is initiated by Aβ's egress into the circulation, which may be secondary to microglial activation and can confer both destructive and reparative actions. Microglial activation pathways and downstream drivers of Aβ/NFT neurotoxicity, including inflammatory regulators, are primary targets for AD therapy. Osteopontin (OPN), an inflammatory cytokine and biomarker of AD, is implicated in Aβ clearance and toxicity, microglial activation, and inflammation, and is considered to be a potential therapeutic target. Here, using the most relevant works from the literature, we review and contextualize the evidence for a central role of OPN and associated inflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni C. Lalwani
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Claude-Henry Volmar
- Department of Psychiatry, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.-H.V.); (C.W.)
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Department of Psychiatry, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.-H.V.); (C.W.)
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International Holdings, LLC, Miami, FL 33137, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades BioPharma, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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24
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Ralvenius WT, Mungenast AE, Woolf H, Huston MM, Gillingham TZ, Godin SK, Penney J, Cam HP, Gao F, Fernandez CG, Czako B, Lightfoot Y, Ray WJ, Beckmann A, Goate AM, Marcora E, Romero-Molina C, Ayata P, Schaefer A, Gjoneska E, Tsai LH. A novel molecular class that recruits HDAC/MECP2 complexes to PU.1 motifs reduces neuroinflammation. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20222105. [PMID: 37642942 PMCID: PMC10465325 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20222105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pervasive neuroinflammation occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). SPI1/PU.1 is a transcription factor located at a genome-wide significant AD-risk locus and its reduced expression is associated with delayed onset of AD. We analyzed single-cell transcriptomic datasets from microglia of human AD patients and found an enrichment of PU.1-binding motifs in the differentially expressed genes. In hippocampal tissues from transgenic mice with neurodegeneration, we found vastly increased genomic PU.1 binding. We then screened for PU.1 inhibitors using a PU.1 reporter cell line and discovered A11, a molecule with anti-inflammatory efficacy and nanomolar potency. A11 regulated genes putatively by recruiting a repressive complex containing MECP2, HDAC1, SIN3A, and DNMT3A to PU.1 motifs, thus representing a novel mechanism and class of molecules. In mouse models of AD, A11 ameliorated neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal integrity, AD pathology, and improved cognitive performance. This study uncovers a novel class of anti-inflammatory molecules with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Ralvenius
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alison E. Mungenast
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Woolf
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Margaret M. Huston
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Z. Gillingham
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen K. Godin
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jay Penney
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hugh P. Cam
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fan Gao
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Celia G. Fernandez
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Czako
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yaima Lightfoot
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William J. Ray
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adrian Beckmann
- The Neurodegeneration Consortium, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edoardo Marcora
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Romero-Molina
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pinar Ayata
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, Neuroscience Initiative, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Schaefer
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeta Gjoneska
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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25
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Smith BC, Tinkey RA, Brock OD, Mariam A, Habean ML, Dutta R, Williams JL. Astrocyte interferon-gamma signaling dampens inflammation during chronic central nervous system autoimmunity via PD-L1. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:234. [PMID: 37828609 PMCID: PMC10568873 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Infiltrating inflammatory immune cells perpetuate demyelination and axonal damage in the CNS and significantly contribute to pathology and clinical deficits. While the cytokine interferon (IFN)γ is classically described as deleterious in acute CNS autoimmunity, we and others have shown astrocytic IFNγ signaling also has a neuroprotective role. Here, we performed RNA sequencing and ingenuity pathway analysis on IFNγ-treated astrocytes and found that PD-L1 was prominently expressed. Interestingly, PD-1/PD-L1 antagonism reduced apoptosis in leukocytes exposed to IFNγ-treated astrocytes in vitro. To further elucidate the role of astrocytic IFNγ signaling on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in vivo, we induced the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS in Aldh1l1-CreERT2, Ifngr1fl/fl mice. Mice with conditional astrocytic deletion of IFNγ receptor exhibited a reduction in PD-L1 expression which corresponded to increased infiltrating leukocytes, particularly from the myeloid lineage, and exacerbated clinical disease. PD-1 agonism reduced EAE severity and CNS-infiltrating leukocytes. Importantly, PD-1 is expressed by myeloid cells surrounding MS lesions. These data support that IFNγ signaling in astrocytes diminishes inflammation during chronic autoimmunity via upregulation of PD-L1, suggesting potential therapeutic benefit for MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C Smith
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rachel A Tinkey
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Orion D Brock
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Arshiya Mariam
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria L Habean
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jessica L Williams
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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26
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Singh J, Habean ML, Panicker N. Inflammasome assembly in neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:814-831. [PMID: 37633753 PMCID: PMC10530301 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive dysfunction and death of selectively vulnerable neuronal populations, often associated with the accumulation of aggregated host proteins. Sustained brain inflammation and hyperactivation of inflammasome complexes have been increasingly demonstrated to contribute to neurodegenerative disease progression. Here, we review molecular mechanisms leading to inflammasome assembly in neurodegeneration. We focus primarily on four degenerative brain disorders in which inflammasome hyperactivation has been well documented: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and the spectrum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We discuss shared and divergent principles of inflammasome assembly across these disorders, and underscore the differences between neurodegeneration-associated inflammasome activation pathways and their peripheral-immune counterparts. We examine how aberrant assembly of inflammasome complexes may amplify pathology in neurodegeneration, including misfolded protein aggregation, and highlight prospects for neurotherapeutic interventions based on targeting inflammasome pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit Singh
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria L Habean
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Biomedical Scientist Training Program (Department of Neurosciences), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nikhil Panicker
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Kent State University, Neurosciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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27
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Gruol DL, Calderon D, Huitron-Resendiz S, Cates-Gatto C, Roberts AJ. Impact of Elevated Brain IL-6 in Transgenic Mice on the Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of Chronic Alcohol Exposure. Cells 2023; 12:2306. [PMID: 37759527 PMCID: PMC10527024 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption activates the neuroimmune system of the brain, a system in which brain astrocytes and microglia play dominant roles. These glial cells normally produce low levels of neuroimmune factors, which are important signaling factors and regulators of brain function. Alcohol activation of the neuroimmune system is known to dysregulate the production of neuroimmune factors, such as the cytokine IL-6, thereby changing the neuroimmune status of the brain, which could impact the actions of alcohol. The consequences of neuroimmune-alcohol interactions are not fully known. In the current studies we investigated this issue in transgenic (TG) mice with altered neuroimmune status relative to IL-6. The TG mice express elevated levels of astrocyte-produced IL-6, a condition known to occur with alcohol exposure. Standard behavioral tests of alcohol drinking and negative affect/emotionality were carried out in homozygous and heterozygous TG mice and control mice to assess the impact of neuroimmune status on the actions of chronic intermittent alcohol (ethanol) (CIE) exposure on these behaviors. The expressions of signal transduction and synaptic proteins were also assessed by Western blot to identify the impact of alcohol-neuroimmune interactions on brain neurochemistry. The results from these studies show that neuroimmune status with respect to IL-6 significantly impacts the effects of alcohol on multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna L. Gruol
- Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Delilah Calderon
- Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Chelsea Cates-Gatto
- Animal Models Core Facility, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA (A.J.R.)
| | - Amanda J. Roberts
- Animal Models Core Facility, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA (A.J.R.)
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28
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Linnerbauer M, Beyer T, Nirschl L, Farrenkopf D, Lößlein L, Vandrey O, Peter A, Tsaktanis T, Kebir H, Laplaud D, Oellinger R, Engleitner T, Alvarez JI, Rad R, Korn T, Hemmer B, Quintana FJ, Rothhammer V. PD-L1 positive astrocytes attenuate inflammatory functions of PD-1 positive microglia in models of autoimmune neuroinflammation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5555. [PMID: 37689786 PMCID: PMC10492803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapies mainly target inflammatory processes during acute stages, but effective treatments for progressive MS are limited. In this context, astrocytes have gained increasing attention as they have the capacity to drive, but also suppress tissue-degeneration. Here we show that astrocytes upregulate the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule PD-L1 during acute autoimmune CNS inflammation in response to aryl hydrocarbon receptor and interferon signaling. Using CRISPR-Cas9 genetic perturbation in combination with small-molecule and antibody-mediated inhibition of PD-L1 and PD-1 both in vivo and in vitro, we demonstrate that astrocytic PD-L1 and its interaction with microglial PD-1 is required for the attenuation of autoimmune CNS inflammation in acute and progressive stages in a mouse model of MS. Our findings suggest the glial PD-L1/PD-1 axis as a potential therapeutic target for both acute and progressive MS stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Linnerbauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucy Nirschl
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Farrenkopf
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Lößlein
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Vandrey
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Peter
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thanos Tsaktanis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hania Kebir
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Laplaud
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Rupert Oellinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jorge Ivan Alvarez
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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29
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Evans JA, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA. Involvement of Nrf2 Activation and NF-kB Pathway Inhibition in the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hesperetin in Activated BV-2 Microglial Cells. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37626501 PMCID: PMC10452655 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to cognitive decline and memory loss. The incidence of this disease continues to increase due to the limited number of novel therapeutics that prevent or slow down its progression. Flavonoids have been investigated for their potential effects on cellular damage triggered by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammatory conditions. This study investigated the effect of the flavonoid hesperetin on LPS-activated murine BV-2 microglial cells. Results show that hesperetin reduced nitric oxide levels and increased catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels, suggesting its potential to reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, RT-PCR arrays showed that hesperetin modulated multiple genes that regulate oxidative stress. Hesperetin downregulated the mRNA expression of ERCC6, NOS2, and NCF1 and upregulated HMOX1 and GCLC. RT-PCR results showed that hesperetin-induced Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells is involved in the transcription of several antioxidant genes, suggesting that hesperetin's antioxidant effects may be exerted via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the data demonstrated that hesperetin reduced the gene expression of PD-L1, which is upregulated as an individual ages and during chronic inflammatory processes, and inhibited the expression of genes associated with NF-kB signaling activation, which is overactivated during chronic inflammation. It was concluded from this investigation that hesperetin may have therapeutic potential to prevent or slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, by reducing chronic oxidative stress and modulating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A. Evans
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
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30
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Chang JCY, Wang CY, Lin S. Interrogation of human microglial phagocytosis by CRISPR genome editing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169725. [PMID: 37483607 PMCID: PMC10360658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia are an integral part of central nervous system, but our understanding of microglial biology is limited due to the challenges in obtaining and culturing primary human microglia. HMC3 is an important cell line for studying human microglia because it is readily accessible and straightforward to maintain in standard laboratories. Although HMC3 is widely used for microglial research, a robust genetic method has not been described. Here, we report a CRISPR genome editing platform, by the electroporation of Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (Cas9 RNP) and synthetic DNA repair templates, to enable rapid and precise genetic modifications of HMC3. For proof-of-concept demonstrations, we targeted the genes implicated in the regulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and glioblastoma phagocytosis in microglia. We showed that CRISPR genome editing could enhance the phagocytic activities of HMC3. Methods We performed CRISPR gene knockout (KO) in HMC3 by the electroporation of pre-assembled Cas9 RNP. Co-introduction of DNA repair templates allowed site-specific knock-in (KI) of an epitope tag, a synthetic promoter and a fluorescent reporter gene. The editing efficiencies were determined genotypically by DNA sequencing and phenotypically by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. The gene-edited HMC3 cells were examined in vitro by fluorescent Aβ and glioblastoma phagocytosis assays. Results Our platform enabled robust single (>90%) and double (>70%) KO without detectable off-target editing by high throughput DNA sequencing. We also inserted a synthetic SFFV promoter to efficiently upregulate the expression of endogenous CD14 and TREM2 genes associated with microglial phagocytosis. The CRISPR-edited HMC3 showed stable phenotypes and enhanced phagocytosis of fluorescence-labeled Aβ1-42 peptides. Confocal microscopy further confirmed the localization of Aβ1-42 aggregates in the acidified lysosomes. HMC3 mutants also changed the phagocytic characteristic toward apoptotic glioblastoma cells. Conclusion CRISPR genome editing by Cas9 RNP electroporation is a robust approach to genetically modify HMC3 for functional studies such as the interrogation of Aβ and tumor phagocytosis, and is readily adoptable to investigate other aspects of microglial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheng-You Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Chandra S, Di Meco A, Dodiya HB, Popovic J, Cuddy LK, Weigle IQ, Zhang X, Sadleir K, Sisodia SS, Vassar R. The gut microbiome regulates astrocyte reaction to Aβ amyloidosis through microglial dependent and independent mechanisms. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37415149 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies show that antibiotic-mediated (abx) alteration of the gut microbiome (GMB) results in a reduction of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and proinflammatory microglial phenotype in male APPPS1-21 mice. However, the effect of GMB perturbation on astrocyte phenotypes and microglial-astrocyte communication in the context of amyloidosis has not been examined. METHODS To study whether the GMB modulates astrocyte phenotype in the context of amyloidosis, APPPS1-21 male and female mice were treated with broad-spectrum abx leading to GMB perturbation. GFAP + astrocytes, plaque-associated astrocytes (PAA), PAA morphological parameters, and astrocyte complement component C3 levels were quantified using a combination of immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, widefield microscopy, and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, these same astrocyte phenotypes were assessed in abx-treated APPPS1-21 male mice that received either fecal matter transplant (FMT) from untreated APPPS1-21 male donors to restore their microbiome or vehicle control. To assess complete absence of the GMB on astrocyte phenotypes, the same astrocyte phenotypes were quantified in APPPS1-21 male mice raised in germ-free (GF) or specific-pathogen free conditions (SPF). Lastly, we assessed whether microglia are necessary for abx-induced astrocyte phenotypes by depleting microglia in APPPS1-21 male mice via treatment with a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor (PLX5622) and vehicle control or PLX5622 and abx. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that postnatal treatment of male APPPS1-21 mice with broad-spectrum abx leading to GMB perturbation reduces GFAP + reactive astrocytes and PAAs, suggesting that the GMB plays a role in regulating reactive astrocyte induction and recruitment to Aβ plaques. Additionally, we show that compared to controls, PAAs in abx-treated male APPPS1-21 mice exhibit an altered morphology with increased number and length of processes and reduced astrocytic complement C3, consistent with a homeostatic phenotype. GFAP + astrocyte reduction, PAA reduction, astrocyte morphological changes, and C3 levels are restored when abx-treated mice are subject to FMT from untreated APPPS1-21 male donor mice. Next, we found that APPPS1-21 male mice raised in GF conditions have similar astrocyte phenotypes as abx-treated male APPPS1-21 male mice. Correlational analysis revealed that pathogenic bacteria depleted by abx correlate with GFAP + astrocytosis, PAAs, and astrocyte morphological changes. Finally, we determined that abx-mediated reduction in GFAP + astrocytosis, PAAs, and astrocytic C3 expression is independent of microglia. However, abx-induced astrocyte morphological alterations are dependent on the presence of microglia, suggesting that there is both microglial independent and dependent GMB control of reactive astrocyte phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time, in the context of amyloidosis, that the GMB plays an important role in controlling reactive astrocyte induction, morphology, and astrocyte recruitment to Aβ plaques. GMB regulation of these astrocytic phenotypes is both independent and dependent on microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Antonio Di Meco
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Hemraj B Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jelena Popovic
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Leah K Cuddy
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ian Q Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Katherine Sadleir
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Robert Vassar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry Building Room 8-711, 300 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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32
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Ghareghani M, Rivest S. The Synergistic Potential of Combining PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with NOD2 Agonists in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10905. [PMID: 37446081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research over the past decade has compellingly demonstrated the potential of Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) receptor agonists in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. These agonists facilitate the conversation of pro-inflammatory monocytes into patrolling monocytes, leading to the efficient clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the AD-affected cerebrovascular system. This approach surpasses the efficacy of targeting Aβ formation, marking a significant shift in therapeutic strategies. Simultaneously, inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 immune check point or glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), which modulates PD-1, have emerged as potent AD treatment modalities. PD-1 inhibitor exhibits a profound potential in monocytes' recruitment to the AD-afflicted brain. Recent evidence suggests that an integrated approach, combining the modulation of NOD2 and PD-1, could yield superior outcomes. This innovative combinatorial therapeutic approach leverages the potential of MDP to act as a catalyst for the conversion of inflammatory monocytes into patrolling monocytes, with the subsequent recruitment of these patrolling monocytes into the brain being stimulated by the PD-1 inhibitor. These therapeutic interventions are currently under preclinical investigation by pharmaceutical entities, underscoring the promise they hold. This research advocates for the modulation, rather than suppression, of the innate immune system as a promising pharmacological strategy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghareghani
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Serge Rivest
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
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Hu W, Xie H, Zeng Y, Pei P, Zhan X, Wang S, Wang Z. N6-methyladenosine participates in mouse hippocampus neurodegeneration via PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1145092. [PMID: 37234260 PMCID: PMC10206131 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1145092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental abnormalities and hippocampal aging leads to alteration in cognition. In the brain, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common and reversible mRNA alteration that is essential for both neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration. However, its function in the postnatal hippocampus and the specific mechanisms regulating hippocampus-related neurodegeneration still awaits elucidate. We identified dynamic m6A modifications in postnatal hippocampus at different stages (at 10 days postnatally, and at 11 and 64 weeks of age). m6A shows a definite cell-specific methylation profile and m6A modification displays temporal dynamic during neurodevelopment and aging. Differentially methylated transcripts in the aged (64-week-old) hippocampus were enriched in microglia. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathways was identified that may participate in the cognitive dysfunction associated with an aged hippocampus. Furthermore, Mettl3 was spatiotemporally expressed in the postnatal hippocampus, which was highly expressed at the age of 11 weeks compared with the other two timepoints. Ectopic expression of METTL3 in mice hippocampus mediated by lentiviral infection resulted in high expression of genes related to PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and significant spatial cognitive deficit. Together, our data show that m6A dysregulation, which is mediated by METTL3, most likely contributes to cognitive deficits linked to the hippocampus via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubing Zeng
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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34
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Iguchi A, Takatori S, Kimura S, Muneto H, Wang K, Etani H, Ito G, Sato H, Hori Y, Sasaki J, Saito T, Saido TC, Ikezu T, Takai T, Sasaki T, Tomita T. INPP5D modulates TREM2 loss-of-function phenotypes in a β-amyloidosis mouse model. iScience 2023; 26:106375. [PMID: 37035000 PMCID: PMC10074152 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic associations of TREM2 loss-of-function variants with Alzheimer disease (AD) indicate the protective roles of microglia in AD pathogenesis. Functional deficiencies of TREM2 disrupt microglial clustering around amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, impair their transcriptional response to Aβ, and worsen neuritic dystrophy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying these phenotypes remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the pathological role of another AD risk gene, INPP5D, encoding a phosphoinositide PI(3,4,5)P3 phosphatase expressed in microglia. In a Tyrobp-deficient TREM2 loss-of-function mouse model, Inpp5d haplodeficiency restored the association of microglia with Aβ plaques, partially restored plaque compaction, and astrogliosis, and reduced phosphorylated tau+ dystrophic neurites. Mechanistic analyses suggest that TREM2/TYROBP and INPP5D exert opposing effects on PI(3,4,5)P3 signaling pathways as well as on phosphoproteins involved in the actin assembly. Our results suggest that INPP5D acts downstream of TREM2/TYROBP to regulate the microglial barrier against Aβ toxicity, thereby modulates Aβ-dependent pathological conversion of tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Iguchi
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sho Takatori
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shingo Kimura
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Muneto
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kai Wang
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hayato Etani
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Genta Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Haruaki Sato
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junko Sasaki
- Department of Lipid Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsuneya Ikezu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Lipid Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Taisuke Tomita
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Wang Z, Chen G. Immune regulation in neurovascular units after traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 179:106060. [PMID: 36871640 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Survivors may experience movement disorders, memory loss, and cognitive deficits. However, there is a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The immune regulation process of TBI involves changes in the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) immunity, and intracranial blood vessels are essential communication centers. The neurovascular unit (NVU) is responsible for coupling blood flow with brain activity, and comprises endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocyte end-feet, and vast regulatory nerve terminals. A stable NVU is the basis for normal brain function. The concept of the NVU emphasizes that cell-cell interactions between different types of cells are essential for maintaining brain homeostasis. Previous studies have explored the effects of immune system changes after TBI. The NVU can help us further understand the immune regulation process. Herein, we enumerate the paradoxes of primary immune activation and chronic immunosuppression. We describe the changes in immune cells, cytokines/chemokines, and neuroinflammation after TBI. The post-immunomodulatory changes in NVU components are discussed, and research exploring immune changes in the NVU pattern is also described. Finally, we summarize immune regulation therapies and drugs after TBI. Therapies and drugs that focus on immune regulation have shown great potential for neuroprotection. These findings will help us further understand the pathological processes after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China.
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36
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Panda SP, Reddy PH, Gorla US, Prasanth D. Neuroinflammation and neovascularization in diabetic eye diseases (DEDs): identification of potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1857-1869. [PMID: 36513866 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to increase public knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of diabetic eye diseases (DEDs), such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and ocular angiosarcoma (ASO), and the likelihood of blindness among elderly widows. A widow's life in North India, in general, is fraught with peril because of the economic and social isolation it brings, as well as the increased risk of death from heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, depression, and dementia. Neovascularization, neuroinflammation, and edema in the ocular tissue are hallmarks of the ASO, a rare form of malignant tumor. When diabetes, hypertension, and aging all contribute to increased oxidative stress, the DR can proceed to ASO. Microglia in the retina of the optic nerve head are responsible for causing inflammation, discomfort, and neurodegeneration. Those that come into contact with them will get blind as a result of this. Advanced glycation end products (AGE), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), protein kinase C (PKC), poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), metalloproteinase9 (MMP9), nuclear factor kappaB (NFkB), program death ligand1 (PDL-1), factor VIII (FVIII), and von Willebrand factor (VWF) are potent agents for ocular neovascularisation (ONV), neuroinflammation and edema in the ocular tissue. AGE/VEGF, DAG/PKC, PARP/NFkB, RAS/VEGF, PDL-1/PD-1, VWF/FVIII/VEGF, and RAS/VEGF are all linked to the pathophysiology of DEDs. The interaction between ONV and ASO is mostly determined by the VWF/FVIII/VEGF and PDL-1/PD-1 axis. This study focused on retinoprotective medications that can pass the blood-retinal barrier and cure DEDs, as well as the factors that influence the etiology of neovascularization and neuroinflammation in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Pharmacology Research Division, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, 281406, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 79430, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 79430, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 79430, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 79430, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 79430, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Uma Sankar Gorla
- College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, AP, India
| | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, AP, India
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Park JH, Kang I, Lee HK. The immune landscape of high-grade brain tumor after treatment with immune checkpoint blockade. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1044544. [PMID: 36591276 PMCID: PMC9794569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the therapeutic success of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy against multiple tumors, many patients still do not benefit from ICB. In particular, high-grade brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), have a very low response rate to ICB, resulting in several failed clinical trials. This low response rate might be caused by a lack of understanding of the unique characteristics of brain immunity. To overcome this knowledge gap, macroscopic studies of brain immunity are needed. We use single cell RNA sequencing to analyze the immune landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME) under anti-PD-1 antibody treatment in a murine GBM model. We observe that CD8 T cells show a mixed phenotype overall that includes reinvigoration and re-exhaustion states. Furthermore, we find that CCL5 induced by anti-PD-1 treatment might be related to an increase in the number of anti-inflammatory macrophages in the TME. Therefore, we hypothesize that CCL5-mediated recruitment of anti-inflammatory macrophages may be associated with re-exhaustion of CD8 T cells in the TME. We compare our observations in the murine GBM models with publicly available data from human patients with recurrent GBM. Our study provides critical information for the development of novel immunotherapies to overcome the limitations of anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Pan AL, Audrain M, Sakakibara E, Joshi R, Zhu X, Wang Q, Wang M, Beckmann ND, Schadt EE, Gandy S, Zhang B, Ehrlich ME, Salton SR. Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) Overexpression Improves Learning Behavior Selectively in Female 5xFAD Mice, and Reduces β-Amyloid Load in Males and Females. Cells 2022; 11:3880. [PMID: 36497141 PMCID: PMC9737364 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent multiscale network analyses of banked brains from subjects who died of late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease converged on VGF (non-acronymic) as a key hub or driver. Within this computational VGF network, we identified the dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) [also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 2] as an important node. Importantly, DUSP4 gene expression, like that of VGF, is downregulated in postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. We investigated the roles that this VGF/DUSP4 network plays in the development of learning behavior impairment and neuropathology in the 5xFAD amyloidopathy mouse model. We found reductions in DUSP4 expression in the hippocampi of male AD subjects, correlating with increased CDR scores, and in 4-month-old female and 12-18-month-old male 5xFAD hippocampi. Adeno-associated virus (AAV5)-mediated overexpression of DUSP4 in 5xFAD mouse dorsal hippocampi (dHc) rescued impaired Barnes maze performance in females but not in males, while amyloid loads were reduced in both females and males. Bulk RNA sequencing of the dHc from 5-month-old mice overexpressing DUSP4, and Ingenuity Pathway and Enrichr analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), revealed that DUSP4 reduced gene expression in female 5xFAD mice in neuroinflammatory, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), programmed cell death protein-ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1/PD-1), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/MAPK pathways, via which DUSP4 may modulate AD phenotype with gender-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen L. Pan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emmy Sakakibara
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rajeev Joshi
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noam D. Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephen R. Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Smith BC, Tinkey RA, Shaw BC, Williams JL. Targetability of the neurovascular unit in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Immunol Rev 2022; 311:39-49. [PMID: 35909222 PMCID: PMC9489669 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable barrier separating the periphery from the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB restricts the flow of most material into and out of the CNS, including many drugs that could be used as potent therapies. BBB permeability is modulated by several cells that are collectively called the neurovascular unit (NVU). The NVU consists of specialized CNS endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons. CNS ECs maintain a complex "seal" via tight junctions, forming the BBB; breakdown of these tight junctions leads to BBB disruption. Pericytes control the vascular flow within capillaries and help maintain the basal lamina. Astrocytes control much of the flow of material that has moved beyond the CNS EC layer and can form a secondary barrier under inflammatory conditions. Microglia survey the border of the NVU for noxious material. Neuronal activity also plays a role in the maintenance of the BBB. Since astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and neurons are all able to modulate the permeability of the BBB, understating the complex contributions of each member of the NVU will potentially uncover novel and effective methods for delivery of neurotherapies to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C. Smith
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA,Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Rachel A. Tinkey
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA,School of Biomedical SciencesKent State UniversityKentOhioUSA
| | - Benjamin C. Shaw
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Jessica L. Williams
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA,Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State UniversityKentOhioUSA
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40
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Microglia-T cell conversations in brain cancer progression. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:951-963. [PMID: 36075812 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The highly immunosuppressive and heterogeneous milieu of brain malignancies contributes to their dismal prognosis. Regardless of their cellular origin, brain tumors grow in an environment with various specialized organ-resident cells. Although homeostatic microglia contribute to a healthy brain, conversations between disease-associated microglia and T cells compromise their individual and collective capacity to curb malignant growth. We review the mechanisms of T cell-microglia interactions and discuss how their collaboration fosters heterogeneity and immunosuppression in brain cancers. Because of the importance of microglia and T cells in the brain tumor microenvironment, it is crucial to understand their interactions to derive innovative therapeutics.
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41
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Chen Y, Colonna M. Spontaneous and induced adaptive immune responses in Alzheimer's disease: new insights into old observations. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 77:102233. [PMID: 35839620 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Although AD is primarily a neurological disorder distinguished by amyloid β plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, the immune system can impact the progression of the disease and may be targeted for therapeutic purposes. To date, most studies have focused on innate immune responses of microglia. However, emerging evidence implicates adaptive immune responses by T cells and B cells in the progression of AD. Moreover, the recent approval of an antibody that promotes amyloid β plaque clearance for AD therapy has pinpointed adaptive immunity as a fertile ground for the design of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we highlight key studies delineating T cell and B cell responses in human AD and mouse models of AD, identify open questions on the specificity, development and impact of these responses and discuss outlooks for future studies and novel therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, USA.
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Manenti S, Orrico M, Masciocchi S, Mandelli A, Finardi A, Furlan R. PD-1/PD-L Axis in Neuroinflammation: New Insights. Front Neurol 2022; 13:877936. [PMID: 35756927 PMCID: PMC9222696 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.877936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) led to an improvement in the treatment of several types of cancer. The main targets of these drugs are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 pathway (PD-1/PD-L1), which are important inhibitory molecules for the immune system. Besides being generally safer than common chemotherapy, the use of ICIs has been associated with several immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Although rare, neurological adverse effects are reported within the irAEs in clinical trials, particularly in patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies or a combination of both anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 drugs. The observations obtained from clinical trials suggest that the PD-1 axis may play a remarkable role in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Moreover, numerous studies in preclinical models have demonstrated the involvement of PD-1 in several neurological disorders. However, a comprehensive understanding of these cellular mechanisms remains elusive. Our review aims to summarize the most recent evidence concerning the regulation of neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L signaling, focusing on cell populations that are involved in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Manenti
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Orrico
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Masciocchi
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory and Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mandelli
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Labib D, Wang Z, Prakash P, Zimmer M, Smith MD, Frazel PW, Barbar L, Sapar ML, Calabresi PA, Peng J, Liddelow SA, Fossati V. Proteomic Alterations and Novel Markers of Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocytes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:870085. [PMID: 35592112 PMCID: PMC9113221 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.870085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes respond to injury, infection, and inflammation in the central nervous system by acquiring reactive states in which they may become dysfunctional and contribute to disease pathology. A sub-state of reactive astrocytes induced by proinflammatory factors TNF, IL-1α, and C1q ("TIC") has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases as a source of neurotoxicity. Here, we used an established human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model to investigate the surface marker profile and proteome of TIC-induced reactive astrocytes. We propose VCAM1, BST2, ICOSL, HLA-E, PD-L1, and PDPN as putative, novel markers of this reactive sub-state. We found that several of these markers colocalize with GFAP+ cells in post-mortem samples from people with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, our whole-cells proteomic analysis of TIC-induced reactive astrocytes identified proteins and related pathways primarily linked to potential engagement with peripheral immune cells. Taken together, our findings will serve as new tools to purify reactive astrocyte subtypes and to further explore their involvement in immune responses associated with injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Labib
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Priya Prakash
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Matthew Zimmer
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul W. Frazel
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lilianne Barbar
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria L. Sapar
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peter A. Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Shane A. Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Parekh Center for Interdisciplinary Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Valentina Fossati
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Cheng YY, Chen BY, Bian GL, Ding YX, Chen LW. Programmed Death-1 Deficiency Aggravates Motor Dysfunction in MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease by Inducing Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2642-2655. [PMID: 35142987 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Abundant reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation are typical pathogenetic hallmarks of brains in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, but regulation mechanisms are poorly understood. We are interested in role of programmed death-1 (PD-1) in glial reaction, neuroinflammation and neuronal injury in PD pathogenesis. Using PD mouse model and PD-1 knockout (KO) mice, we designed wild-type-control (WT-CON), WT-1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (WT-MPTP), PD-1-KO-control (KO-CON) and PD-1-KO-MPTP (KO-MPTP), and observed motor dysfunction of animal, morphological distribution of PD-1-positive cells, dopaminergic neuronal injury, glial activation and generation of inflammatory cytokines in midbrains by motor behavior detection, immunohistochemistry and western blot. WT-MPTP mouse model exhibited decrease of PD-1/Iba1-positive microglial cells in the substantia nigra compared with WT-CON mice. By comparison of four groups, PD-1 deficiency showed exacerbation in motor dysfunction of animals, decreased expression of TH protein and TH-positive neuronal protrusions. PD-1 deficiency enhanced microglial activation, production of proinflammatory cytokines like inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6, and expression and phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 in the substantia nigra of MPTP model. We concluded that PD-1 deficiency could aggravate motor dysfunction of MPTP mouse model by inducing microglial activation and neuroinflammation in midbrains, suggesting that PD-1 signaling abnormality might be possibly involved in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, The Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan-Lan Bian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwest Polytechnical University, Xi'an,, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Xiu Ding
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, The Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang-Wei Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Kummer MP, Ising C, Kummer C, Sarlus H, Griep A, Vieira-Saecker A, Schwartz S, Halle A, Brückner M, Händler K, Schultze JL, Beyer M, Latz E, Heneka MT. Microglial PD-1 stimulation by astrocytic PD-L1 suppresses neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108662. [PMID: 34825707 PMCID: PMC8672180 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is a pathogenic component of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that may limit the ability of the brain to clear amyloid deposits and cellular debris. Tight control of the immune system is therefore key to sustain the ability of the brain to repair itself during homeostasis and disease. The immune‐cell checkpoint receptor/ligand pair PD‐1/PD‐L1, known for their inhibitory immune function, is expressed also in the brain. Here, we report upregulated expression of PD‐L1 and PD‐1 in astrocytes and microglia, respectively, surrounding amyloid plaques in AD patients and in the APP/PS1 AD mouse model. We observed juxtamembrane shedding of PD‐L1 from astrocytes, which may mediate ectodomain signaling to PD‐1‐expressing microglia. Deletion of microglial PD‐1 evoked an inflammatory response and compromised amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) uptake. APP/PS1 mice deficient for PD‐1 exhibited increased deposition of Aβ, reduced microglial Aβ uptake, and decreased expression of the Aβ receptor CD36 on microglia. Therefore, ineffective immune regulation by the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis contributes to Aβ plaque deposition during chronic neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus P Kummer
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Ising
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Kummer
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heela Sarlus
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Angelika Griep
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ana Vieira-Saecker
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schwartz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annett Halle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Kristian Händler
- Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Beyer
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Molecular Immunology in Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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