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Yumura S. Wound Repair of the Cell Membrane: Lessons from Dictyostelium Cells. Cells 2024; 13:341. [PMID: 38391954 PMCID: PMC10886852 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell membrane is frequently subjected to damage, either through physical or chemical means. The swift restoration of the cell membrane's integrity is crucial to prevent the leakage of intracellular materials and the uncontrolled influx of extracellular ions. Consequently, wound repair plays a vital role in cell survival, akin to the importance of DNA repair. The mechanisms involved in wound repair encompass a series of events, including ion influx, membrane patch formation, endocytosis, exocytosis, recruitment of the actin cytoskeleton, and the elimination of damaged membrane sections. Despite the absence of a universally accepted general model, diverse molecular models have been proposed for wound repair in different organisms. Traditional wound methods not only damage the cell membrane but also impact intracellular structures, including the underlying cortical actin networks, microtubules, and organelles. In contrast, the more recent improved laserporation selectively targets the cell membrane. Studies on Dictyostelium cells utilizing this method have introduced a novel perspective on the wound repair mechanism. This review commences by detailing methods for inducing wounds and subsequently reviews recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiko Yumura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
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2
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Prislusky MI, Lam JG, Contreras VR, Ng M, Chamberlain M, Pathak-Sharma S, Fields M, Zhang X, Amer AO, Seveau S. The Septin Cytoskeleton is Required for Plasma Membrane Repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.12.548547. [PMID: 37503091 PMCID: PMC10369955 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.12.548547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian cells are frequently exposed to mechanical and biochemical stressors resulting in plasma membrane injuries. Repair mechanisms reseal the plasma membrane to restore homeostasis and prevent cell death. In the present work, a silencing RNA screen was performed to uncover plasma membrane repair mechanisms of cells exposed to a pore-forming toxin (listeriolysin O). This screen identified molecules previously known to repair the injured plasma membrane such as annexin A2 (ANXA2) as well as novel plasma membrane repair candidate proteins. Of the novel candidates, we focused on septin 7 (SEPT7) because the septins are an important family of conserved eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins. Using diverse experimental approaches, we established for the first time that SEPT7 plays a general role in plasma membrane repair of cells perforated by pore-forming toxins and mechanical wounding. Remarkably, upon cell injury, the septin cytoskeleton is extensively redistributed in a Ca 2+ -dependent fashion, a hallmark of plasma membrane repair machineries. The septins reorganize into subplasmalemmal domains arranged as knob and loop (or ring) structures containing F-actin, myosin II, and annexin A2 (ANXA2) and protrude from the cell surface. Importantly, the formation of these domains correlates with the plasma membrane repair efficiency. Super-resolution microscopy shows that septins and actin are arranged in intertwined filaments associated with ANXA2. Silencing SEPT7 expression prevented the formation of the F-actin/myosin II/ANXA2 domains, however, silencing expression of ANXA2 had no observable effect on their formation. These results highlight the key structural role of the septins in remodeling the plasma membrane and in the recruitment of the repair molecule ANXA2. Collectively, our data support a novel model in which the septin cytoskeleton acts as a scaffold to promote the formation of plasma membrane repair domains containing contractile F-actin and annexin A2.
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Nakamura M, Parkhurst SM. Calcium influx rapidly establishes distinct spatial recruitments of Annexins to cell wounds. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.03.569799. [PMID: 38105960 PMCID: PMC10723296 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.03.569799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
To survive daily damage, the formation of actomyosin ring at the wound periphery is required to rapidly close cell wounds. Calcium influx is one of the start signals for these cell wound repair events. Here, we find that rapid recruitment of all three Drosophila calcium responding and phospholipid binding Annexin proteins (AnxB9, AnxB10, AnxB11) to distinct regions around the wound are regulated by the quantity of calcium influx rather than their binding to specific phospholipids. The distinct recruitment patterns of these Annexins regulate the subsequent recruitment of RhoGEF2 and RhoGEF3 through actin stabilization to form a robust actomyosin ring. Surprisingly, we find that reduced extracellular calcium and depletion of intracellular calcium affect cell wound repair differently, despite these two conditions exhibiting similar GCaMP signals. Thus, our results suggest that, in addition to initiating repair events, both the quantity and sources of calcium influx are important for precise Annexin spatiotemporal protein recruitment to cell wounds and efficient wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
| | - Susan M. Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
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4
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Hasegawa N, Hongo M, Okada M, Kuga T, Abe Y, Adachi J, Tomonaga T, Yamaguchi N, Nakayama Y. Phosphotyrosine proteomics in cells synchronized at monopolar cytokinesis reveals EphA2 as functioning in cytokinesis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113783. [PMID: 37726045 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis is the final step of the cell division in which cellular components are separated into two daughter cells. This process is regulated through the phosphorylation of different classes of proteins by serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinases such as Aurora B and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Conversely, the role of phosphorylation at tyrosine residues during cytokinesis has not been studied in detail yet. In this study, we performed a phosphotyrosine proteomic analysis of cells undergoing monopolar cytokinesis synchronized by using the Eg5 inhibitor (+)-S-trityl-l-cysteine (STLC) and the CDK1 inhibitor RO-3306. Phosphotyrosine proteomics gave 362 tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides. Western blot analysis of proteins revealed tyrosine phosphorylation in mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), vimentin, ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2), and myelin protein zero-like protein 1 (MPZL1) during monopolar cytokinesis. Additionally, we demonstrated that EphA2, a protein with unknown function during cytokinesis, is involved in cytokinesis. EphA2 knockdown accelerated epithelial cell transforming 2 (Ect2) knockdown-induced multinucleation, suggesting that EphA2 plays a role in cytokinesis in a particular situation. The list also included many proteins previously reported to play roles during cytokinesis. These results evidence that the identified phosphopeptides facilitate the identification of novel tyrosine phosphorylation signaling involved in regulating cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Mayue Hongo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Misaki Okada
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kuga
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan; Laboratory of Analytics for Biomolecules, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yuichi Abe
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomonaga
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Proteobiologics Co., Ltd., Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Naoto Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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5
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He X, Shao G, Du X, Hua R, Song H, Chen Y, Zhu X, Yang G. Molecular characterization and functional implications on mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells of annexin proteins from Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:350. [PMID: 37803469 PMCID: PMC10559496 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a life-threatening zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, which employs various strategies to evade the host immune system for survival. Recent advances have revealed the role of annexins as excretory/secretory products, providing new insights into the immune regulation by these proteins in the pathogenesis of CE. METHODS Echinococcus granulosus annexin B proteins EgANXB2, EgANXB18, EgANXB20, and EgANXB23 were cloned, expressed, and analyzed using bioinformatic tools. Membrane binding analysis was used to assess their bioactivity, while their immunoreactivity and tissue distribution characteristics were determined experimentally using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Furthermore, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the mRNA expression profiles of EgANXBs in different developmental stages of E. granulosus. Finally, immunofluorescence staining, cell counting kit 8 assays, flow cytometry, transwell migration assays, and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the functional effects of rEgANXB18 and rEgANXB20 on mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS In this study, we identified four EgANXBs with conserved protein structures and calcium-dependent phospholipid binding activities. rEgANXBs were recognized by serum from sheep infected with E. granulosus and distributed in the germinal layer of fertile cysts. Interestingly, transcription levels of the four EgANXBs were significantly higher in protoscoleces than in 28-day strobilated worms. Moreover, we demonstrated that rEgANXB18 and rEgANXB20 were secretory proteins that could bind to PBMCs and regulate their function. Specifically, rEgANXB18 inhibited cell proliferation and migration while promoting cell apoptosis, NO production, and cytokine profile shifting. In contrast, rEgANXB20 showed limited effects on apoptosis but inhibited NO production. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that among the four identified EgANXBs, EgANXB2 and EgANXB23 might play a pivotal role for the development of protoscoleces, while EgANXB18 and EgANXB20, as secretory proteins, appeared to participate in the host-parasite interaction by regulating the function of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodi Du
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Hua
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Song
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyou Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Becchetti A. Interplay of Ca 2+ and K + signals in cell physiology and cancer. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 92:15-46. [PMID: 38007266 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration and the activity of K+ channels on the plasma membrane regulate cellular processes ranging from mitosis to oriented migration. The interplay between Ca2+ and K+ signals is intricate, and different cell types rely on peculiar cellular mechanisms. Derangement of these mechanisms accompanies the neoplastic progression. The calcium signals modulated by voltage-gated (KV) and calcium-dependent (KCa) K+ channel activity regulate progression of the cell division cycle, the release of growth factors, apoptosis, cell motility and migration. Moreover, KV channels regulate the cell response to the local microenvironment by assembling with cell adhesion and growth factor receptors. This chapter summarizes the pathophysiological roles of Ca2+ and K+ fluxes in normal and cancer cells, by concentrating on several biological systems in which these functions have been studied in depth, such as early embryos, mammalian cell lines, T lymphocytes, gliomas and colorectal cancer cells. A full understanding of the underlying mechanisms will offer a comprehensive view of the ion channel implication in cancer biology and suggest potential pharmacological targets for novel therapeutic approaches in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
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de Souza Ferreira LP, da Silva RA, Gil CD, Geisow MJ. Annexin A1, A2, A5, and A6 involvement in human pathologies. Proteins 2023; 91:1191-1204. [PMID: 37218507 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The human genome codes for 12 annexins with highly homologous membrane-binding cores and unique amino termini, which endow each protein with its specific biological properties. Not unique to vertebrate biology, multiple annexin orthologs are present in almost all eukaryotes. Their ability to combine either dynamically or constitutively with membrane lipid bilayers is hypothetically the key property that has led to their retention and multiple adaptation in eukaryotic molecular cell biology. Annexin genes are differentially expressed in many cell types but their disparate functions are still being discovered after more than 40 years of international research. A picture is emerging from gene knock down and knock out studies of individual annexins that these are important supporters rather than critical players in organism development and normal cell and tissue function. However, they appear to be highly significant "early responders" toward challenges arising from cell and tissue abiotic or biotic stress. In humans, recent focus has been on involvement of the annexin family for its involvement in diverse pathologies, especially cancer. From what has become an exceedingly broad field of investigation, we have selected four annexins in particular: AnxA1, 2, 5, and 6. Present both within and external to cells, these annexins are currently under intensive investigation in translational research as biomarkers of cellular dysfunction and as potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory conditions, neoplasia, and tissue repair. Annexin expression and release in response to biotic stress appears to be a balancing act. Under- or over-expression in different circumstances appears to damage rather than restore a healthy homeostasis. This review reflects briefly on what is already known of the structures and molecular cell biology of these selected annexins and considers their actual and potential roles in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Philipe de Souza Ferreira
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael André da Silva
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Michael J Geisow
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London UK & Delta Biotechnology Ltd, Nottingham, UK
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Porcù E, Maule F, Manfreda L, Mariotto E, Bresolin S, Cani A, Bortolozzi R, Della Puppa A, Corallo D, Viola G, Rampazzo E, Persano L. Identification of Homoharringtonine as a potent inhibitor of glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration. Transl Res 2023; 251:41-53. [PMID: 35788055 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a pivotal mediator of the pro-oncogenic features displayed by glioblastoma (GBM) tumors, the deadliest adult brain malignancies, being involved in cell stemness, proliferation and invasion, thus negatively impacting patient prognosis. Based on these results, we hypothesized that compounds able to revert ANXA2-dependent transcriptional features could be exploited as reliable treatments to inhibit GBM cell aggressiveness by hampering their proliferative and migratory potential. Transcriptional signatures obtained by the modulation of ANXA2 activity/levels were functionally mapped through the QUADrATiC bioinformatic tool for compound identification. Selected compounds were screened by cell proliferation and migration assays in primary GBM cells, and we identified Homoharringtonine (HHT) as a potent inhibitor of GBM cell motility and proliferation, without affecting their viability. A further molecular characterization of the effects displayed by HHT, confirmed its ability to inhibit a transcriptional program involved in cell migration and invasion. Moreover, we demonstrated that the multiple antitumoral effects displayed by HHT are correlated to the inhibition of a platelet derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα)-dependent intracellular signaling through the impairment of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) axes. Our results demonstrate that HHT may act as a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation and invasion in GBM, by hampering multiple PDGFRα-dependent oncogenic signals transduced through the STAT3 and RhoA intracellular components, finally suggesting its potential transferability for achieving an effective impairment of peculiar GBM hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Porcù
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Maule
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Manfreda
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Mariotto
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Cani
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Diana Corallo
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Rampazzo
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy.
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Padova, Italy
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Lipid Polarization during Cytokinesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243977. [PMID: 36552741 PMCID: PMC9776629 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is composed of a large number of lipid species that are laterally segregated into functional domains as well as asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets. Additionally, the spatial distribution and organization of these lipids dramatically change in response to various cellular states, such as cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis. Division of one cell into two daughter cells is one of the most fundamental requirements for the sustenance of growth in all living organisms. The successful completion of cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, is critically dependent on the spatial distribution and organization of specific lipids. In this review, we discuss the properties of various lipid species associated with cytokinesis and the mechanisms involved in their polarization, including forward trafficking, endocytic recycling, local synthesis, and cortical flow models. The differences in lipid species requirements and distribution in mitotic vs. male meiotic cells will be discussed. We will concentrate on sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols because their transbilayer organization and movement may be linked via the cytoskeleton and thus critically regulate various steps of cytokinesis.
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Hui J, Stjepić V, Nakamura M, Parkhurst SM. Wrangling Actin Assemblies: Actin Ring Dynamics during Cell Wound Repair. Cells 2022; 11:2777. [PMID: 36139352 PMCID: PMC9497110 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To cope with continuous physiological and environmental stresses, cells of all sizes require an effective wound repair process to seal breaches to their cortex. Once a wound is recognized, the cell must rapidly plug the injury site, reorganize the cytoskeleton and the membrane to pull the wound closed, and finally remodel the cortex to return to homeostasis. Complementary studies using various model organisms have demonstrated the importance and complexity behind the formation and translocation of an actin ring at the wound periphery during the repair process. Proteins such as actin nucleators, actin bundling factors, actin-plasma membrane anchors, and disassembly factors are needed to regulate actin ring dynamics spatially and temporally. Notably, Rho family GTPases have been implicated throughout the repair process, whereas other proteins are required during specific phases. Interestingly, although different models share a similar set of recruited proteins, the way in which they use them to pull the wound closed can differ. Here, we describe what is currently known about the formation, translocation, and remodeling of the actin ring during the cell wound repair process in model organisms, as well as the overall impact of cell wound repair on daily events and its importance to our understanding of certain diseases and the development of therapeutic delivery modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan M. Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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11
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Nugues C, Helassa N, Haynes LP. Mitosis, Focus on Calcium. Front Physiol 2022; 13:951979. [PMID: 35784871 PMCID: PMC9247304 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.951979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of a single fertilised egg into an adult human consisting of tens of trillions of highly diverse cell types is a marvel of biology. The expansion is largely achieved by cell duplication through the process of mitosis. Mitosis is essential for normal growth, development, and tissue repair and is one of the most tightly regulated biological processes studied. This regulation is designed to ensure accurate segregation of chromosomes into each new daughter cell since errors in this process can lead to genetic imbalances, aneuploidy, that can lead to diseases including cancer. Understanding how mitosis operates and the molecular mechanisms that ensure its fidelity are therefore not only of significant intellectual value but provide unique insights into disease pathology. The purpose of this review is to revisit historical evidence that mitosis can be influenced by the ubiquitous second messenger calcium and to discuss this in the context of new findings revealing exciting new information about its role in cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Nugues
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nordine Helassa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nordine Helassa,
| | - Lee P. Haynes
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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12
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Pascal A, Gallaud E, Giet R, Benaud C. Annexin A2 and Ahnak control cortical NuMA-dynein localization and mitotic spindle orientation. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274948. [PMID: 35362526 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper mitotic spindle orientation depends on the correct anchorage of astral microtubules to the cortex. It relies on the remodeling of the cell cortex, a process not fully understood. Annexin A2 (Anx2) is a protein known to be involved in cortical domain remodeling. Here, we report that in early mitosis, Anx2 recruits the scaffold protein Ahnak at the cell cortex facing spindle poles, and the distribution of both proteins is controlled by cell adhesion. Depletion of either protein or impaired cortical Ahnak localization result in delayed anaphase onset and unstable spindle anchoring, which leads to altered spindle orientation. We find that Ahnak is present in a complex with dynein-dynactin. Furthermore, Ahnak and Anx2 are required for dynein and NuMA proper cortical localization and dynamics. We propose that the Ahnak/Anx2 complex influences the cortical organization of the astral microtubule anchoring complex, and thereby mitotic spindle positioning in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Pascal
- University Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, ERL U1305, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuel Gallaud
- University Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, ERL U1305, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Regis Giet
- University Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, ERL U1305, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christelle Benaud
- University Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, ERL U1305, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Tsuda H, Tominaga SI, Ohtsuki M, Komine M. Nuclear IL-33 regulates cytokinesis and cell motility in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 105:113-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Expression of Annexin A2 Promotes Cancer Progression in Estrogen Receptor Negative Breast Cancers. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071582. [PMID: 32629869 PMCID: PMC7407301 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
When breast cancer progresses to a metastatic stage, survival rates decline rapidly and it is considered incurable. Thus, deciphering the critical mechanisms of metastasis is of vital importance to develop new treatment options. We hypothesize that studying the proteins that are newly synthesized during the metastatic processes of migration and invasion will greatly enhance our understanding of breast cancer progression. We conducted a mass spectrometry screen following bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging to elucidate changes in the nascent proteome that occur during epidermal growth factor stimulation in migrating and invading cells. Annexin A2 was identified in this screen and subsequent examination of breast cancer cell lines revealed that Annexin A2 is specifically upregulated in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) cell lines. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown showed that Annexin A2 expression promotes the proliferation, wound healing and directional migration of breast cancer cells. In patients, Annexin A2 expression is increased in ER- breast cancer subtypes. Additionally, high Annexin A2 expression confers a higher probability of distant metastasis specifically for ER- patients. This work establishes a pivotal role of Annexin A2 in breast cancer progression and identifies Annexin A2 as a potential therapeutic target for the more aggressive and harder to treat ER- subtype.
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15
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He H, Xiao L, Cheng S, Yang Q, Li J, Hou Y, Song F, Su X, Jin H, Liu Z, Dong J, Zuo R, Song X, Wang Y, Zhang K, Duan W, Hou Y. Annexin A2 Enhances the Progression of Colorectal Cancer and Hepatocarcinoma via Cytoskeleton Structural Rearrangements. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:950-960. [PMID: 31172894 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is reported to be associated with cancer development. To investigate the roles ANXA2 plays during the development of cancer, the RNAi method was used to inhibit the ANXA2 expression in caco2 (human colorectal cancer cell line) and SMMC7721 (human hepatocarcinoma cell line) cells. The results showed that when the expression of ANXA2 was efficiently inhibited, the growth and motility of both cell lines were significantly decreased, and the development of the motility relevant microstructures, such as pseudopodia, filopodia, and the polymerization of microfilaments and microtubules were obviously inhibited. The cancer cell apoptosis was enhanced without obvious significance. The possible regulating pathway in the process was also predicted and discussed. Our results suggested that ANXA2 plays important roles in maintaining the malignancy of colorectal and hepatic cancer by enhancing the cell proliferation, motility, and development of the motility associated microstructures of cancer cells based on a possible complicated signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin He
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Sinan Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Yifan Hou
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Fengying Song
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Xiaorong Su
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Ruiye Zuo
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Xigui Song
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University,Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216,Australia
| | - Yingchun Hou
- Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University,620 West Chang-An Ave, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119,China
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16
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Dekraker C, Boucher E, Mandato CA. Regulation and Assembly of Actomyosin Contractile Rings in Cytokinesis and Cell Repair. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:2051-2066. [PMID: 30312008 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis and single-cell wound repair both involve contractile assemblies of filamentous actin (F-actin) and myosin II organized into characteristic ring-like arrays. The assembly of these actomyosin contractile rings (CRs) is specified spatially and temporally by small Rho GTPases, which trigger local actin polymerization and myosin II contractility via a variety of downstream effectors. We now have a much clearer view of the Rho GTPase signaling cascade that leads to the formation of CRs, but some factors involved in CR positioning, assembly, and function remain poorly understood. Recent studies show that this regulation is multifactorial and goes beyond the long-established Ca2+ -dependent processes. There is substantial evidence that the Ca2+ -independent changes in cell shape, tension, and plasma membrane composition that characterize cytokinesis and single-cell wound repair also regulate CR formation. Elucidating the regulation and mechanistic properties of CRs is important to our understanding of basic cell biology and holds potential for therapeutic applications in human disease. In this review, we present a primer on the factors influencing and regulating CR positioning, assembly, and contraction as they occur in a variety of cytokinetic and single-cell wound repair models. Anat Rec, 301:2051-2066, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Dekraker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Boucher
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Craig A Mandato
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Sharma MC. Annexin A2 (ANX A2): An emerging biomarker and potential therapeutic target for aggressive cancers. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:2074-2081. [PMID: 30125343 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ANX A2 is an important member of annexin family of proteins expressed on surface of endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, mononuclear cells and various types of cancer cells. It exhibits high affinity binding for calcium (Ca++ ) and phospholipids. ANX A2 plays an important role in many biological processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, autophagy, cell-cell communications and biochemical activation of plasminogen. On the cell surface ANX A2 organizes the assembly of plasminogen (PLG) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for efficient conversion of PLG to plasmin, a serine protease. Proteolytic activity of plasmin is required for activation of inactive pro-metalloproteases (pro-MMPs) and latent growth factors for their biological actions. These activation steps are critical for degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement proteins (BM) for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Increased expression of ANX A2 protein/gene has been correlated with invasion and metastasis in a variety of human cancers. Moreover, clinical studies have positively correlated ANX A2 protein expression with aggressive cancers and with resistance to anticancer drugs, shorter disease-free survival (DFS), and worse overall survival (OS). The mechanism(s) by which ANX A2 regulates cancer invasion and metastasis are beginning to emerge. Investigators used various technologies to target ANX A2 in preclinical model of human cancers and demonstrated exciting results. In this review article, we analyzed existing literature concurrent with our own findings and provided a critical overview of ANX A2-dependent mechanism(s) of cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh C Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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18
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Nakamura M, Dominguez ANM, Decker JR, Hull AJ, Verboon JM, Parkhurst SM. Into the breach: how cells cope with wounds. Open Biol 2018; 8:rsob.180135. [PMID: 30282661 PMCID: PMC6223217 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of wounds to individual cells is crucial for organisms to survive daily physiological or environmental stresses, as well as pathogen assaults, which disrupt the plasma membrane. Sensing wounds, resealing membranes, closing wounds and remodelling plasma membrane/cortical cytoskeleton are four major steps that are essential to return cells to their pre-wounded states. This process relies on dynamic changes of the membrane/cytoskeleton that are indispensable for carrying out the repairs within tens of minutes. Studies from different cell wound repair models over the last two decades have revealed that the molecular mechanisms of single cell wound repair are very diverse and dependent on wound type, size, and/or species. Interestingly, different repair models have been shown to use similar proteins to achieve the same end result, albeit sometimes by distinctive mechanisms. Recent studies using cutting edge microscopy and molecular techniques are shedding new light on the molecular mechanisms during cellular wound repair. Here, we describe what is currently known about the mechanisms underlying this repair process. In addition, we discuss how the study of cellular wound repair—a powerful and inducible model—can contribute to our understanding of other fundamental biological processes such as cytokinesis, cell migration, cancer metastasis and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew N M Dominguez
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jacob R Decker
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Alexander J Hull
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Verboon
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Susan M Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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19
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Taylor JR, Fernandez DJ, Thornton SM, Skeate JG, Lühen KP, Da Silva DM, Langen R, Kast WM. Heterotetrameric annexin A2/S100A10 (A2t) is essential for oncogenic human papillomavirus trafficking and capsid disassembly, and protects virions from lysosomal degradation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11642. [PMID: 30076379 PMCID: PMC6076308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) entry into epithelial cells is independent of canonical endocytic pathways. Upon interaction with host cells, HPV establishes infection by traversing through an endocytic pathway that is clathrin- and caveolin-independent, but dependent on the annexin A2/S100A10 heterotetramer (A2t). We examined the contribution of monomeric annexin A2 (AnxA2) vs. A2t in HPV infection and endocytosis, and further characterized the role of these molecules in protein trafficking. We specifically show that cell surface A2t is not required for HPV attachment, and in the absence of A2t virion internalization remains clathrin-independent. Without A2t, viral progression from early endosomes to multivesicular endosomes is significantly inhibited, capsid uncoating is dramatically reduced, and lysosomal degradation of HPV is accelerated. Furthermore, we present evidence that AnxA2 forms a complex with CD63, a known mediator of HPV trafficking. Overall, the observed reduction in infection is less significant in the absence of S100A10 alone compared to full A2t, supporting an independent role for monomeric AnxA2. More broadly, we show that successful infection by multiple oncogenic HPV types is dependent on A2t. These findings suggest that A2t is a central mediator of high-risk HPV intracellular trafficking post-entry and pre-viral uncoating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Taylor
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Fernandez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantaé M Thornton
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph G Skeate
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim P Lühen
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diane M Da Silva
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ralf Langen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Martin Kast
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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20
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Wade BE, Zhao J, Ma J, Hart CM, Sutliff RL. Hypoxia-induced alterations in the lung ubiquitin proteasome system during pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis. Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045894018788267. [PMID: 29927354 PMCID: PMC6146334 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018788267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a clinical disorder characterized by sustained
increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure that can lead to right
ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and ultimately RV failure and death. The molecular
pathogenesis of PH remains incompletely defined, and existing treatments are
associated with suboptimal outcomes and persistent morbidity and mortality.
Reports have suggested a role for the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in PH,
but the extent of UPS-mediated non-proteolytic protein alterations during PH
pathogenesis has not been previously defined. To further examine UPS
alterations, the current study employed C57BL/6J mice exposed to normoxia or
hypoxia for 3 weeks. Lung protein ubiquitination was evaluated by mass
spectrometry to identify differentially ubiquitinated proteins relative to
normoxic controls. Hypoxia stimulated differential ubiquitination of 198
peptides within 131 proteins (p < 0.05). These proteins were
screened to identify candidates within pathways involved in PH pathogenesis.
Some 51.9% of the differentially ubiquitinated proteins were implicated in at
least one known pathway contributing to PH pathogenesis, and 13% were involved
in three or more PH pathways. Anxa2, App, Jak1, Lmna, Pdcd6ip, Prkch1, and Ywhah
were identified as mediators in PH pathways that undergo differential
ubiquitination during PH pathogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the first study
to report global changes in protein ubiquitination in the lung during PH
pathogenesis. These findings suggest signaling nodes that are dynamically
regulated by the UPS during PH pathogenesis. Further exploration of these
differentially ubiquitinated proteins and related pathways can provide new
insights into the role of the UPS in PH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy E Wade
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans' Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Jingru Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans' Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans' Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - C Michael Hart
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans' Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Roy L Sutliff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans' Affairs and Emory University Medical Centers, Decatur, Georgia, USA
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21
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Pérez-Sánchez G, Jiménez A, Quezada-Ramírez MA, Estudillo E, Ayala-Sarmiento AE, Mendoza-Hernández G, Hernández-Soto J, Hernández-Hernández FC, Cázares-Raga FE, Segovia J. Annexin A1, Annexin A2, and Dyrk 1B are upregulated during GAS1-induced cell cycle arrest. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4166-4182. [PMID: 29030970 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
GAS1 is a pleiotropic protein that has been investigated because of its ability to induce cell proliferation, cell arrest, and apoptosis, depending on the cellular or the physiological context in which it is expressed. At this point, we have information about the molecular mechanisms by which GAS1 induces proliferation and apoptosis; but very few studies have been focused on elucidating the mechanisms by which GAS1 induces cell arrest. With the aim of expanding our knowledge on this subject, we first focused our research on finding proteins that were preferentially expressed in cells arrested by serum deprivation. By using a proteomics approach and mass spectrometry analysis, we identified 17 proteins in the 2-DE protein profile of serum deprived NIH3T3 cells. Among them, Annexin A1 (Anxa1), Annexin A2 (Anxa2), dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (Dyrk1B), and Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, F (eIf3f) were upregulated at transcriptional the level in proliferative NIH3T3 cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that Anxa1, Anxa2, and Dyrk1b are upregulated at both the transcriptional and translational levels by the overexpression of GAS1. Thus, our results suggest that the upregulation of Anxa1, Anxa2, and Dyrk1b could be related to the ability of GAS1 to induce cell arrest and maintain cell viability. Finally, we provided further evidence showing that GAS1 through Dyrk 1B leads not only to the arrest of NIH3T3 cells but also maintains cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adriana Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marco A Quezada-Ramírez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enrique Estudillo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto E Ayala-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Justino Hernández-Soto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fidel C Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Febe E Cázares-Raga
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jose Segovia
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
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22
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Abstract
Cells depend on hugely diverse lipidomes for many functions. The actions and structural integrity of the plasma membrane and most organelles also critically depend on membranes and their lipid components. Despite the biological importance of lipids, our understanding of lipid engagement, especially the roles of lipid hydrophobic alkyl side chains, in key cellular processes is still developing. Emerging research has begun to dissect the importance of lipids in intricate events such as cell division. This review discusses how these structurally diverse biomolecules are spatially and temporally regulated during cell division, with a focus on cytokinesis. We analyze how lipids facilitate changes in cellular morphology during division and how they participate in key signaling events. We identify which cytokinesis proteins are associated with membranes, suggesting lipid interactions. More broadly, we highlight key unaddressed questions in lipid cell biology and techniques, including mass spectrometry, advanced imaging, and chemical biology, which will help us gain insights into the functional roles of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth M Storck
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom;
| | - Cagakan Özbalci
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom;
| | - Ulrike S Eggert
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; .,Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
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23
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Herbert LM, Resta TC, Jernigan NL. RhoA increases ASIC1a plasma membrane localization and calcium influx in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells following chronic hypoxia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C166-C176. [PMID: 29070491 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00159.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increases in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) intracellular Ca2+ levels and enhanced RhoA/Rho kinase-dependent Ca2+ sensitization are key determinants of PASMC contraction, migration, and proliferation accompanying the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. We previously showed that acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a)-mediated Ca2+ entry in PASMC is an important constituent of the active vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy associated with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. However, the enhanced ASIC1a-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry in PASMC from pulmonary hypertensive animals is not dependent on an increase in ASIC1a protein expression, suggesting that chronic hypoxia (CH) stimulates ASIC1a function through other regulatory mechanism(s). RhoA is involved in ion channel trafficking, and levels of activated RhoA are increased following CH. Therefore, we hypothesize that activation of RhoA following CH increases ASIC1a-mediated Ca2+ entry by promoting ASIC1a plasma membrane localization. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found greater plasma membrane localization of ASIC1a following CH. Inhibition of RhoA decreased ASIC1a plasma membrane expression and largely diminished ASIC1a-mediated Ca2+ influx, whereas activation of RhoA had the opposite effect. A proximity ligation assay revealed that ASIC1a and RhoA colocalize in PASMC and that the activation state of RhoA modulates this interaction. Together, our findings show a novel interaction between RhoA and ASIC1a, such that activation of RhoA in PASMC, both pharmacologically and via CH, promotes ASIC1a plasma membrane localization and Ca2+ entry. In addition to enhanced RhoA-mediated Ca2+ sensitization following CH, RhoA can also activate a Ca2+ signal by facilitating ASIC1a plasma membrane localization and Ca2+ influx in pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Herbert
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
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24
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Nakamura M, Verboon JM, Parkhurst SM. Prepatterning by RhoGEFs governs Rho GTPase spatiotemporal dynamics during wound repair. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3959-3969. [PMID: 28923977 PMCID: PMC5716286 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201704145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During wound repair, Rho GTPases form dynamic spatial and temporal patterns surrounding the wound and coordinate the cytoskeletal response. Nakamura et al. show that Rho GTPase arrays form in response to prepatterning by RhoGEFs, which depends on annexin B9. Like tissues, single cells are subjected to continual stresses and damage. As such, cells have a robust wound repair mechanism comprised of dynamic membrane resealing and cortical cytoskeletal remodeling. One group of proteins, the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), is critical for this actin and myosin cytoskeletal response in which they form distinct dynamic spatial and temporal patterns/arrays surrounding the wound. A key mechanistic question, then, is how these GTPase arrays are formed. Here, we show that in the Drosophila melanogaster cell wound repair model Rho GTPase arrays form in response to prepatterning by Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), a family of proteins involved in the activation of small GTPases. Furthermore, we show that Annexin B9, a member of a class of proteins associated with the membrane resealing, is involved in an early, Rho family–independent, actin stabilization that is integral to the formation of one RhoGEF array. Thus, Annexin proteins may link membrane resealing to cytoskeletal remodeling processes in single cell wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jeffrey M Verboon
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan M Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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25
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Ca 2+ Signalling and Membrane Dynamics During Cytokinesis in Animal Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 981:389-412. [PMID: 29594869 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the role of Ca2+ signalling as a possible regulator of the combinatorial processes that result in the separation of the daughter cells during cytokinesis, extend back almost a 100 years. One of the key processes required for the successful completion of cytokinesis in animal cells (especially in the large holoblastically and meroblastically dividing embryonic cells of a number of amphibian and fish species), is the dynamic remodelling of the plasma membrane. Ca2+ signalling was subsequently demonstrated to regulate various different aspects of cytokinesis in animal cells, and so here we focus specifically on the role of Ca2+ signalling in the remodelling of the plasma membrane. We begin by providing a brief history of the animal models used and the research accomplished by the early twentieth century investigators, with regards to this aspect of animal cell cytokinesis. We then review the most recent progress made (i.e., in the last 10 years), which has significantly advanced our current understanding on the role of cytokinetic Ca2+ signalling in membrane remodelling. To this end, we initially summarize what is currently known about the Ca2+ transients generated during animal cell cytokinesis, and then we describe the latest findings regarding the source of Ca2+ generating these transients. Finally, we review the current evidence about the possible targets of the different cytokinetic Ca2+ transients with a particular emphasis on those that either directly or indirectly affect plasma membrane dynamics. With regards to the latter, we discuss the possible role of the early Ca2+ signalling events in the deformation of the plasma membrane at the start of cytokinesis (i.e., during furrow positioning), as well as the role of the subsequent Ca2+ signals in the trafficking and fusion of vesicles, which help to remodel the plasma membrane during the final stages of cell division. As it is becoming clear that each of the cytokinetic Ca2+ transients might have multiple, integrated targets, deciphering the precise role of each transient represents a significant (and ongoing) challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Benaud
- a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , UMR 6290, Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014 , Rennes , France.,b Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rennes , France
| | - Claude Prigent
- a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , UMR 6290, Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014 , Rennes , France.,b Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rennes , France
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Shi H, Xiao L, Duan W, He H, Ma L, Da M, Duan Y, Wang Q, Wu H, Song X, Hou Y. ANXA2 enhances the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via remodeling the cell motility associated structures. Micron 2016; 85:26-33. [PMID: 27060670 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fifth most common malignancy worldwide. The detailed mechanism of signal regulation for HCC progression is still not known, and the high motility of cancer cells is known as a core property for cancer progression maintenance. Annexin A2 (ANXA2), a calcium-dependent phospholipids binding protein is highly expressed in HCC. To study the roles the excessively expressed ANXA2 during the progression of HCC, we inhibited the ANXA2 expression in SMMC-7721 cells using RNAi, followed by the analysis of cell growth, apoptosis and cell motility. To explore the relationship between the cell behaviors and its structures, the microstructure changes were observed under fluorescence microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. Our findings demonstrated that down-regulation of ANXA2 results in decreased the cell proliferation and motility, enhanced apoptosis, suppressed cell pseudopodia/filopodia, inhibited expression of F-actin and β-tubulin, and inhibited or depolymerized Lamin B. The cell contact inhibition was also analyzed in the paper. Take together, our results indicate that ANXA2 plays an important role to enhance the malignant behaviors of HCC cells, and the enhancement is closely based on its remodeling to cell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Shi
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Huimin He
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Lele Ma
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Miaomiao Da
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Huayi Wu
- The High School Affiliated to Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xigui Song
- The High School Affiliated to Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yingchun Hou
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China.
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