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Luthfi M, Pandey RB, Su YC, Sompornpisut P. Deciphering molecular basis of pesticide-induced recurrent pregnancy loss: insights from transcriptomics analysis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:527-544. [PMID: 38294000 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2307975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed a notable connection between pesticide exposure and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL), yet the precise molecular underpinning of this toxicity remains elusive. Through the alignment of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) of healthy and RPL patients with the target genes of 9 pesticide components, we identified a set of 12 genes responsible for RPL etiology. Interestingly, biological process showed that besides RPL, those 12 genes also associated with preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease. Enrichment analysis showed the engagement of these genes associated with essential roles in the molecular transport of small molecules, as well as the aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption, mineral absorption, ion homeostasis, and ion transport by P-type ATPases. Notably, the crosstalk targets between pesticide components played crucial roles in influencing RPL results, suggesting a role in attenuating pesticide agents that contribute to RPL. It is important to note that non-significant concentration of the pesticide components observed in both control and RPL samples should not prematurely undermine the potential for pesticides to induce RPL in humans. This study emphasizes the complexity of pesticide induced RPL and highlights avenues for further research and precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Luthfi
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - R B Pandey
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Yong-Chao Su
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pornthep Sompornpisut
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Weight Bias in Obstetrics. CURRENT OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13669-023-00348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Nutrition recommendations for a healthy pregnancy and lactation in women with overweight and obesity - strategies for weight loss before and after pregnancy. Fertil Steril 2022; 118:434-446. [PMID: 36050124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A healthy eating pattern is recommended for all life stages and is central to achieving optimal pregnancy outcomes and successful lactation. The preconception period is a critical window of time during which good nutritional status benefits both the mother and the offspring. The ongoing overweight and obesity epidemic, especially in conjunction with poor nutritional status, presents maternal and infant health risks. Preconception and postpartum weight loss are routinely recommended in clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the nutritional recommendations for healthy weight loss during these periods. Unhealthy weight loss during preconception and for lactating women, can cause adverse maternal consequences that can impact the offspring.
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Framework of Methodology to Assess the Link between A Posteriori Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Adequacy: Application to Pregnancy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050395. [PMID: 35629899 PMCID: PMC9148035 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the nutritional profile of 608 women during the second trimester of pregnancy, in terms of nutrient patterns, dietary quality and nutritional adequacy. Dietary data were collected using a validated Mediterranean-oriented, culture-specific FFQ. Principal component analysis was performed on 18 energy-adjusted nutrients. Two main nutrient patterns, “plant-origin” (PLO) and “animal-origin” (ANO), were extracted. Six homogenous clusters (C) relative to nutrient patterns were obtained and analyzed through a multidimensional methodological approach. C1, C5 and C6 scored positively on PLO, while C1, C2 and C3 scored positively on ANO. When dietary quality was mapped on food choices and dietary indexes, C6 unveiled a group with a distinct image resembling the Mediterranean-type diet (MedDiet Score = 33.8). Although C1–C5 shared common dietary characteristics, their diet quality differed as reflected in the HEI-2010 (C1:79.7; C2:73.3; C3:70.9; C4:63.2; C5:76.6). The appraisal of nutritional adequacy mirrored a “nutritional-quality gradient”. A total of 50% of participants in C6 had almost 100% adequate magnesium intake, while 50% of participants in C4 had a probability of adequacy of ≤10%. Our methodological framework is efficient for assessing the link between a posteriori dietary patterns and nutritional adequacy during pregnancy. Given that macro- and micronutrient distributions may induce metabolic modifications of potential relevance to offspring’s health, public health strategies should be implemented.
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Maternal malnutrition and anaemia in India: dysregulations leading to the 'thin-fat' phenotype in newborns. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e91. [PMID: 34733503 PMCID: PMC8532069 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal and child malnutrition and anaemia remain the leading factors for health loss in India. Low birth weight (LBW) offspring of women suffering from chronic malnutrition and anaemia often exhibit insulin resistance and infantile stunting and wasting, together with increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders in adulthood. The resulting self-perpetuating and highly multifactorial disease burden cannot be remedied through uniform dietary recommendations alone. To inform approaches likely to alleviate this disease burden, we implemented a systems-analytical approach that had already proven its efficacy in multiple published studies. We utilised previously published qualitative and quantitative analytical results of rural and urban field studies addressing maternal and infantile metabolic and nutritional parameters to precisely define the range of pathological phenotypes encountered and their individual biological characteristics. These characteristics were then integrated, via extensive literature searches, into metabolic and physiological mechanisms to identify the maternal and foetal metabolic dysregulations most likely to underpin the ‘thin-fat’ phenotype in LBW infants and its associated pathological consequences. Our analyses reveal hitherto poorly understood maternal nutrition-dependent mechanisms most likely to promote and sustain the self-perpetuating high disease burden, especially in the Indian population. This work suggests that it most probably is the metabolic consequence of ‘ill-nutrition’ – the recent and rapid dietary shifts to high salt, high saturated fats and high sugar but low micronutrient diets – over an adaptation to ‘thrifty metabolism’ which must be addressed in interventions aiming to significantly alleviate the leading risk factors for health deterioration in India.
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Key Words
- 5-mTHF, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate
- Anaemia
- BAT, brown adipocyte tissue
- EAA, essential amino acids
- FA, fatty acid
- GSH, glutathione
- Hcy, homocysteine
- LBW, low birth weight
- Low birth weight
- Malnutrition
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- Pathological mechanisms
- Physiological programming
- SAM, S-adenosyl methionine
- TG, triacylglycerol
- WAT, white adipocyte tissue
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Tok A, Özer A, Baylan FA, Kurutaş EB. Copper/Zinc Ratio Can Be a Marker to Diagnose Ectopic Pregnancy and Is Associated with the Oxidative Stress Status of Ectopic Pregnancy Cases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2096-2103. [PMID: 32803526 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It was aimed to evaluate serum zinc and copper levels and oxidative stress parameters in ectopic pregnancy cases, healthy pregnant women, and healthy non-pregnant women. In this cross-sectional case-control study, 30 patients diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancy in the gynecology clinic of a tertiary hospital constituted the study group. A healthy pregnant control group (n = 30) was formed of age, body mass index (BMI), and gestational week-matched subjects, and a healthy non-pregnant control group (n = 30) was formed of age and BMI-matched women. The groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters including serum zinc (Zn) level, serum copper (Cu) level, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level, serum catalase (CAT) activity, serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The groups were similar in respect of demographic characteristics. In the ectopic pregnancy group, serum GPX activity and Cu level were significantly lower, and serum SOD and CAT activity and Zn and MDA levels were higher compared with those of the healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant groups. The Cu/Zn ratio showed a significant, positive correlation with the serum GPX activity and serum progesterone level and a negative correlation with serum SOD and CAT activity. When 1.14 was taken as the cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity of the Cu/Zn ratio to determine ectopic pregnancy were 73.3% and 80.0%, respectively. Comparing the area under curve (AUC) in the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis, the Cu/Zn ratio was determined to be more valuable than the Cu or Zn values alone in predicting ectopic pregnancy. In correlation analysis, serum beta hCG level showed a negative correlation with SOD and CAT activities and Zn levels. Serum progesterone level showed a negative correlation with serum CAT and SOD activities and MDA and zinc levels and a positive correlation with serum GPX activity and serum copper level (p < 0.05 for all). The current study can be considered of value as the first study in literature to show a significantly lower serum Zn level and higher serum Cu level in ectopic pregnancy cases compared with healthy pregnant control cases. This is also the first study to have revealed an association between the serum Cu/Zn ratio, oxidative status, and ectopic pregnancy. Furthermore, the serum Cu/Zn ratio was found to be useful in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Tok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Alev Özer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Alkan Baylan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ergül Bilge Kurutaş
- Department of Biochemistry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Supplementing Trace Minerals to Beef Cows during Gestation to Enhance Productive and Health Responses of the Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041159. [PMID: 33919507 PMCID: PMC8072782 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary During gestation, the fetus relies on the dam for the supply of all nutrients, including trace minerals, which are essential for developmental processes including organogenesis, vascularization, and differentiation. Alterations in maternal nutritional status may promote adaptations that permanently alter the trajectory of growth, physiology, and metabolism of the offspring. Supplementing trace minerals to gestating cows may be a strategy to enhance progeny performance and health. The purpose of this review is to highlight current information relevant to trace mineral supplementation during gestation, with an emphasis on Zn, Cu, Co, and Mn, and their impacts on offspring productive responses. Identifying nutritional strategies targeted at this period of development and understanding the implications of such provides an opportunity to enhance the productive efficiency of beef cattle systems. Abstract Nutritional management during gestation is critical to optimize the efficiency and profitability of beef production systems. Given the essentiality of trace minerals to fetal developmental processes, their supplementation represents one approach to optimize offspring productivity. Our research group investigated the impacts of supplementing gestating beef cows with organic-complexed (AAC) or inorganic sources (INR) of Co, Cu, Mn, or Zn on productive and health responses of the progeny. Calves born to AAC supplemented cows had reduced incidence of bovine respiratory disease and were >20 kg heavier from weaning until slaughter compared to unsupplemented cohorts. Complementing these findings, heifer progeny born to AAC supplemented cows had accelerated puberty attainment. Collectively, research demonstrates supplementing trace minerals to gestating beef cows may be a strategy to enhance offspring productivity in beef production systems.
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Daniali SS, Shayegh S, Tajaddin MH, Goodarzi-Khoigani M, Kelishadi R. Association of Cord Blood Zinc Level and Birth Weight in a Sample of Iranian Neonates. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:3. [PMID: 32089803 PMCID: PMC7011459 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_160_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In addition to its short-term effects, low birth weight increases the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in adult life. The quality of maternal diet including the macronutrient intake is very important in this regard. This study aims to evaluate the possible associations between maternal zinc and neonatal anthropometric measures. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 226 pairs of mothers-neonates in Isfahan, Iran. Maternal characteristics including the history of the disease, age, preconceptional weight, weight gain during pregnancy, as well as, anthropometric characteristics of neonates such as weight, height, length, and circumferences of head, belly, chest, and thigh were documented. Cord blood zinc was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer in three groups of neonates depending on their weights. Results: The gestational age of neonates was 35 to 38 weeks with a mean weight of 3.13 ± 0.42 kg. The mean of zinc concentration was 0.81 ± 0.18 and it was higher in neonates with appropriate weight than in those with high or low birth weight (0.82 ± 0.18, 0.75 ± 0.19, and 0.65 ± 0.12 ng/ml, respectively). Bivariate correlation analysis showed significant weak correlation between cord blood zinc and neonatal weight (r = 0.16, P = 0.04). Conclusions: The cord blood zinc concentration of normal-weight neonates was higher than others. Our findings suggest that maternal zinc may influence neonatal birth weight, and it should be considered in the primordial prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Shayegh
- Student of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Masoomeh Goodarzi-Khoigani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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9
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Eelderink C, Rietsema S, van Vliet IMY, Loef LC, Boer T, Koehorst M, Nolte IM, Westerhuis R, Singh-Povel CM, Geurts JMW, Corpeleijn E, Bakker SJL. The effect of high compared with low dairy consumption on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic flexibility in overweight adults: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:1555-1568. [PMID: 30997492 PMCID: PMC6537937 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy products contain many nutritious components that may benefit metabolic health. There are indications that glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, which are generally disturbed in overweight and obese individuals, may improve by increased dairy intake. This may also affect one's metabolic flexibility. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high compared with low dairy intake on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic flexibility in overweight adults (aged 45-65 y). METHODS In this randomized intervention study, subjects consumed a high- and a low-dairy diet [HDD (5-6 dairy portions) and LDD (≤1 dairy portion), respectively] for 6 wk in a crossover design, with a washout period of 4 wk. Dairy portions were 200 g semi-skimmed yoghurt, 30 g reduced-fat (30+) cheese, and 250 mL semiskimmed milk and buttermilk. After 6 wk, a 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test (13C-labeled) and a subsequent fasting challenge were performed. Metabolic flexibility was studied by determining the respiratory quotient (RQ) using indirect calorimetry. Fasting and postprandial plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin were analyzed. The dual isotope technique enabled calculation of glucose kinetics. RESULTS The study was completed by 45 overweight men and postmenopausal women [age 58.9 ± 4.3 y, BMI 27.9 ± 1.9 kg/m2 (mean ± SD)]. Fasting RQ and ΔRQ, reflecting metabolic flexibility, did not differ after both diets. Fasting glucose concentrations were similar, whereas fasting insulin concentrations were lower after the LDD (LDD: 8.1 ± 2.8 mU/L; HDD: 8.9 ± 3.3 mU/L; P = 0.024). This resulted in a higher HOMA-IR after the HDD (P = 0.027). Postprandial glucose and insulin responses as well as glucose kinetics were similar after both diets. CONCLUSIONS The amount of dairy intake during a 6-wk period had a neutral effect on metabolic flexibility or postprandial glucose metabolism in middle-aged overweight subjects. More trials are needed to study the effects of specific dairy types and to differentiate between metabolic subgroups. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR4899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby Eelderink
- Department of Internal Medicinecal,Address correspondence to CE (e-mail: )
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cécile M Singh-Povel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M W Geurts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Corpeleijn
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pappas AC, Zoidis E, Chadio SE. Maternal Selenium and Developmental Programming. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E145. [PMID: 31130660 PMCID: PMC6562606 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of fundamental importance to health due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties, attributed to its presence within at least 25 selenoproteins (Sel). In this review, we describe some of the recent progress, in our understanding, on the impact of maternal Se intake during the periconceptional period on offspring development and health. Maternal nutrition affects the performance and health of the progeny, and both maternal and offspring Se supplementations are essential for the optimal health and antioxidant protection of the offspring. The case of Se in epigenetic programming and early life nutrition is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios C Pappas
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Zoidis
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Stella E Chadio
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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de Freitas MRB, da Costa CMB, Pereira LM, do Prado JC, Sala MA, Abrahão AAC. The treatment with selenium increases placental parasitismin pregnant Wistar rats infected with the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi. Immunobiology 2018; 223:537-543. [PMID: 29950281 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient in the diet of mammals and has an important role in the immune function. Selenium is a key element in selenoproteins involved in the in the maintenance of the antioxidant defense. Diet with selenium is beneficial for the treatment of diseases correlated with high levels of oxidative stress, also observed in the Chagas disease. Chagas disease is a neglected disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and several research groups are focused on the illness treatment. Immunomodulation of the infection using microelements is an important tool to avoid deleterious effects of the Chagas disease. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effects of selenium supplementation on pregnant Wistar rats infected with T. cruzi. Selenium treatment stimulated the weight and length of fetuses and placentas allied to the decrease of blood parasitemia. However, selenium demonstrated a low influence on T cells, diminishing the B cell population (CD45RA+). Moreover, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was downregulated under selenium administration. Low pro-inflammatory cytokines levels probably are related to the increase in the number of amastigote nests in infected and treated animals. Thus, selenium supplementation during pregnancy could impair the local placental immune response. Further studies are necessary to assess the interaction between selenium and the acute Chagas' disease during pregnancy, which will base future supplementation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiz Miguel Pereira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Clóvis do Prado
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Sala
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Effects of Vitamin D Restricted Diet Administered during Perinatal and Postnatal Periods on the Penis of Wistar Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6030646. [PMID: 29850540 PMCID: PMC5937572 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women and infants. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D restricted diet on the Wistar rats offspring penis morphology. Mother rats received either standard diet (SC) or vitamin D restricted (VitD) diet. At birth, offspring were divided into SC/SC (from SC mothers, fed with SC diet) and VitD/VitD (from VitD mothers, fed with VitD diet). After euthanasia the penises were processed for histomorphometric analysis. The VitD/VitD offspring displayed metabolic changes and reduction in the cross-sectional area of the penis, corpus cavernosum, tunica albuginea, and increased area of the corpus spongiosum. The connective tissue, smooth muscle, and cell proliferation percentages were greater in the corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum in the VitD/VitD offspring. The percentages of sinusoidal spaces and elastic fibers in the corpus cavernosum decreased. The elastic fibers in the tunica albuginea of the corpus spongiosum in the VitD/VitD offspring were reduced. Vitamin D restriction during perinatal and postnatal periods induced metabolic and structural changes and represented important risk factors for erectile dysfunction in the penis of the adult offspring. These findings suggest that vitamin D is an important micronutrient in maintaining the cytoarchitecture of the penis.
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13
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Hofstee P, McKeating DR, Perkins AV, Cuffe JS. Placental adaptations to micronutrient dysregulation in the programming of chronic disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:871-884. [PMID: 29679395 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Poor nutrition during pregnancy is known to impair foetal development and increase the risk of chronic disease in offspring. Both macronutrients and micronutrients are required for a healthy pregnancy although significantly less is understood about the role of micronutrients in the programming of chronic disease. This is despite the fact that modern calorie rich diets are often also deficient in key micronutrients. The importance of micronutrients in gestational disorders is clearly understood but how they impact long term disease in humans requires further investigation. In contrast, animal studies have demonstrated how diets high or low in specific micronutrients influence offspring physiology. Many of these studies highlight the importance of the placenta in determining disease risk. This review will explore the effects of individual vitamins, minerals and trace elements on offspring disease outcomes and discuss several key placental adaptations that are affected by multiple micronutrients. These placental adaptations include micronutrient induced dysregulation of oxidative stress, altered methyl donor availability and its impact on epigenetic mechanisms as well as endocrine dysfunction. Critical gaps in our current knowledge and the relative importance of different micronutrients at different gestational ages will also be highlighted. Finally, this review will discuss the need for further studies to characterise the micronutrient status of Australian women of reproductive age and correlate micronutrient status to placental adaptations, pregnancy complications and offspring disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hofstee
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel R McKeating
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - James Sm Cuffe
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
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14
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Lee YQ, Collins CE, Gordon A, Rae KM, Pringle KG. The Relationship between Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy and Offspring Kidney Structure and Function in Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020241. [PMID: 29466283 PMCID: PMC5852817 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrauterine environment is critical for fetal growth and organ development. Evidence from animal models indicates that the developing kidney is vulnerable to suboptimal maternal nutrition and changes in health status. However, evidence from human studies are yet to be synthesised. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to systematically review current research on the relationship between maternal nutrition during pregnancy and offspring kidney structure and function in humans. A search of five databases identified 9501 articles, of which three experimental and seven observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Nutrients reviewed to date included vitamin A (n = 3), folate and vitamin B12 (n = 2), iron (n = 1), vitamin D (n = 1), total energy (n = 2) and protein (n = 1). Seven studies were assessed as being of "positive" and three of "neutral" quality. A variety of populations were studied, with limited studies investigating maternal nutrition during pregnancy, while measurements of offspring kidney outcomes were diverse across studies. There was a lack of consistency in the timing of follow-up for offspring kidney structure and/or function assessments, thus limiting comparability between studies. Deficiencies in maternal folate, vitamin A, and total energy during pregnancy were associated with detrimental impacts on kidney structure and function, measured by kidney volume, proteinuria, eGFRcystC and mean creatinine clearance in the offspring. Additional experimental and longitudinal prospective studies are warranted to confirm this relationship, especially in Indigenous populations where the risk of renal disease is greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qi Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Adrienne Gordon
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Kym M Rae
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Gomeroi Gaaynggal Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.
- Department of Rural Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Kirsty G Pringle
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Gomeroi Gaaynggal Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.
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15
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Gumus HG, Illa M, Pla L, Zamora M, Crispi F, Gratacos E. Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193240. [PMID: 29466434 PMCID: PMC5821379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight. RESULTS Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups. CONCLUSION Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Gulcin Gumus
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pla
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Zamora
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Bach A, Aris A, Guasch I. Consequences of supplying methyl donors during pregnancy on the methylome of the offspring from lactating and non-lactating dairy cattle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189581. [PMID: 29228040 PMCID: PMC5724855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of methyl donor supplementation of pregnant animals in the presence or absence of a concomitant lactation on the methylome of the offspring. Twenty Holstein cows, 10 nulliparous (non-lactating while pregnant) and 10 multiparous (lactating while pregnant) were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to an i.m. weekly injections of a placebo (CTRL) or a solution containing methyl donors (MET). After calving, 5 calves randomly selected from each treatment (two born to non-lactating and three to lactating dams) were blood-sampled to determine their full methylome. There were more than 2,000 CpG differentially methylated between calves born to CTRL and those born to MET, and also between calves born to lactating and non-lactating dams. Most of the differences affected genes involved in immune function, cell growth regulation and differentiation, kinase activity, and ion channeling. We conclude that the coexistence of pregnancy and lactation affects the methylome of the offspring, and that supplementation of methyl donors early in gestation has also consequences on the methylome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bach
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Ruminant Production, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Caldes de Montbui, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Aris
- Department of Ruminant Production, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Caldes de Montbui, Spain
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Noguera JC, Metcalfe NB, Monaghan P. Postnatal nutrition influences male attractiveness and promotes plasticity in male mating preferences. Naturwissenschaften 2017; 104:102. [PMID: 29138966 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-017-1524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Poor early-life nutrition could reduce adult reproductive success by negatively affecting traits linked to sexual attractiveness such as song complexity. If so, this might favor strategic mate choice, allowing males with less complex songs to tailor their mating tactics to maximize the reproductive benefits. However, this possibility has been ignored in theoretical and empirical studies. By manipulating the micronutrient content of the diet (e.g., low or high) during the postnatal period of male zebra finches, we show for the first time (1) that males reared on a poor (low) micronutrient diet had less complex songs as adults; (2) that these males, in contrast to the high micronutrient diet group, were more selective in their mating strategies, discriminating against those females most likely to reduce their clutch size when paired with males having less complex songs; and (3) that by following different mating strategies, males reared on the contrasting diets obtained similar reproductive benefits. These results suggest that early-life dietary conditions can induce multiple and long-lasting effects on male and female reproductive traits. Moreover, the results seem to reflect a previously unreported case of adaptive plasticity in mate choice in response to a nutritionally mediated reduction in sexual attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Noguera
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Torre CACTI, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Neil B Metcalfe
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Pat Monaghan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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18
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Multi-micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy for prevention of maternal anaemia and adverse birth outcomes in a high-altitude area: a prospective cohort study in rural Tibet of China. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:431-440. [DOI: 10.1017/s000711451700229x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAnaemia during pregnancy, characterised by Hb <110 g/l, is a specific risk factor for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of daily antenatal supplementation with multiple micronutrients (MMN) compared with folic acid (FA) on the occurrence of anaemia among pregnant women and their infants’ health in a high-altitude area. A prospective cohort study was carried out in two rural counties in Tibet from 2007 to 2012. A total of 1149 eligible pregnant women were allocated daily supplementation with FA in one county and MMN containing a recommended allowance of twenty-three vitamins and minerals in another county starting ≤24 weeks of gestation and continuing until delivery. Compared with the FA group, prenatal supplementation with MMN was significantly associated with reduced odds of anaemia in the third trimester. This was demonstrated in the primary outcome, with an adjusted OR (AOR) of 0·63; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·88 and P=0·007 and also reduced odds of preterm delivery (AOR: 0·31; 95 % CI 0·15, 0·61; P=0·001). There was no difference between MMN and FA groups in mean birth weight (adjusted mean difference: 36·78; 95 % CI −19·42, 92·98 g; P=0·200), whereas MMN supplementation significantly reduced the odds of low-birth weight (LBW) babies (AOR: 0·58; 95 % CI 0·36, 0·91; P=0·019). In conclusion, the antenatal MMN supplementation in rural Tibet is associated with a reduction of maternal anaemia in the third trimester, and may potentially decrease the risk of preterm delivery and LBW babies.
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19
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Ji Y, Wu Z, Dai Z, Wang X, Li J, Wang B, Wu G. Fetal and neonatal programming of postnatal growth and feed efficiency in swine. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:42. [PMID: 28484595 PMCID: PMC5420136 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal undernutrition or overnutrition during pregnancy alters organ structure, impairs prenatal and neonatal growth and development, and reduces feed efficiency for lean tissue gains in pigs. These adverse effects may be carried over to the next generation or beyond. This phenomenon of the transgenerational impacts is known as fetal programming, which is mediated by stable and heritable alterations of gene expression through covalent modifications of DNA and histones without changes in DNA sequences (namely, epigenetics). The mechanisms responsible for the epigenetic regulation of protein expression and functions include chromatin remodeling; DNA methylation (occurring at the 5´-position of cytosine residues within CpG dinucleotides); and histone modifications (acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination). Like maternal malnutrition, undernutrition during the neonatal period also reduces growth performance and feed efficiency (weight gain:feed intake; also known as weight-gain efficiency) in postweaning pigs by 5-10%, thereby increasing the days necessary to reach the market body-weight. Supplementing functional amino acids (e.g., arginine and glutamine) and vitamins (e.g., folate) play a key role in activating the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and regulating the provision of methyl donors for DNA and protein methylation. Therefore, these nutrients are beneficial for the dietary treatment of metabolic disorders in offspring with intrauterine growth restriction or neonatal malnutrition. The mechanism-based strategies hold great promise for the improvement of the efficiency of pork production and the sustainability of the global swine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Xinzheng, Henan 451100 China
| | - Ju Li
- Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Xinzheng, Henan 451100 China
| | - Binggen Wang
- Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Xinzheng, Henan 451100 China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China.,Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Genomics, Texas A&M University, Room 212, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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20
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Miliku K, Mesu A, Franco OH, Hofman A, Steegers EAP, Jaddoe VWV. Maternal and Fetal Folate, Vitamin B 12, and Homocysteine Concentrations and Childhood Kidney Outcomes. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 69:521-530. [PMID: 28143670 PMCID: PMC5408932 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations during pregnancy are important factors for early development and may persistently influence kidney function in the offspring. We examined the associations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine concentrations during pregnancy with kidney outcomes in school-aged children. Study design Population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life onwards. Settings & participants This study was performed among 4,226 pregnant women and their children. Predictors Folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine blood concentrations measured in early pregnancy (median gestational age 13.2 weeks (25th to 75th percentiles 12.2, 14.8) and at birth (cord blood). Outcomes & measurements At the median age of 6.0 years (25th to 75th percentiles 5.9, 6.3) we measured combined kidney volume with ultrasound, estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine (eGFRcreat) and cystatin C (eGFRcystC) concentrations and microalbuminuria. Results We observed that higher maternal folate concentrations were associated with larger childhood combined kidney volume, whereas higher maternal vitamin B12 concentrations were associated with higher childhood eGFRcystC (p-values <0.05). These associations were independent of homocysteine concentrations. Higher maternal homocysteine concentrations were associated with smaller combined kidney volume and lower childhood eGFRcystC (p-values <0.05). The association of maternal homocysteine concentrations with childhood eGFRcystC was largely explained by combined kidney volume. Higher cord blood homocysteine concentrations were associated with larger combined kidney volume and lower eGFRcystC (p-values <0.05). Folate, vitamin B12 or homocysteine concentrations were not associated microalbuminuria. Limitations Observational study, so causality cannot be established. Conclusion Our findings suggest that folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations during fetal life are associated with offspring kidney development. However, the effect sizes are small. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and assess the causality and consequences for kidney health in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozeta Miliku
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Mesu
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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21
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Nandi AA, Wadhwani NS, Joshi SR. Altered metabolic homeostasis between vitamin D and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in preeclampsia. Med Hypotheses 2017; 100:31-36. [PMID: 28236844 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sub-optimal maternal nutrition may result in pregnancy complications like preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is known to be of placental origin and a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our earlier studies suggest that altered metabolism of folic acid, vitamin B12 and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFAs) in the one carbon cycle increases homocysteine levels in preeclampsia. Recent reports indicate that vitamin D deficiency may also have a role in preeclampsia, although the mechanisms are unclear. A disturbed one carbon cycle can influence methylation patterns of various genes involved in placental development. Altered expression of cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) gene can result in hyperhomocystenemia. Higher homocysteine levels are known to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which in turn leads to increased expression of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Higher expression of PLA2 and COX-2 can influence the release of arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipid and result in increased conversion to thromboxane. Vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] is known to induce the CBS gene expression while it can suppress the oxidative stress-induced COX-2 up-regulation and thromboxane production. Based on this, we propose a novel hypothesis that a disturbed vitamin D and LCPUFA metabolism influence the regulation of the one carbon cycle which will trigger inflammation through oxidative stress in preeclampsia. This may lead to altered feto-placental growth and development in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita A Nandi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Nisha S Wadhwani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India.
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Choi Y, Kim JO, Shim SH, Lee Y, Kim JH, Jeon YJ, Ko JJ, Lee WS, Kim NK. Genetic Variation of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) and Thymidylate Synthase (TS) Genes Is Associated with Idiopathic Recurrent Implantation Failure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160884. [PMID: 27560137 PMCID: PMC4999086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-carbon metabolism pathway disorder was important role in successful pregnancy. The MTHFR and TS protein were crucial factor in one-carbon metabolism. To investigate the association between recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and enzymes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. A total of 120 women diagnosed with RIF and 125 control subjects were genotyped for MTHFR 677C>T, 1298A>C, TSER 2R/3R and TS 1494del/ins by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. According to the gene-gene combination analysis, the MTHFR 677/MTHFR 1298 (TT/AA) and MTHFR 677/TS 1494 (TT/6bp6bp) genetic combinations were associated with relatively higher risks [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.764; 95% CI, 1.065–7.174; P = 0.037 and AOR, 3.186; 95% CI, 1.241–8.178; P = 0.016] in RIF patients compared to the CC/AA (MTHFR 677/MTHFR 1298) and TT/6bp6bp (MTHFR 677/TS 1494) combinations, respectively. The results suggested that the combined MTHFR 677/MTHFR 1298 genotype might be associated with increased risk of RIF. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to elucidate the potential association of MTHFR, TS and TSER polymorphisms with RIF risk in Korean patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsok Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Oh Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yubin Lee
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyang Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jung Jae Ko
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Woo Sik Lee
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (NKK); (WSL)
| | - Nam Keun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- * E-mail: (NKK); (WSL)
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Chemek M, Mimouna SB, Boughammoura S, Delbès G, Messaoudi I. Protective role of zinc against the toxicity induced by exposure to cadmium during gestation and lactation on testis development. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 63:151-60. [PMID: 27288891 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effects of exposure to Cd and Zn on rat testicular development, offspring, from mothers receiving either tap water, Cd, Zn or Cd+Zn during gestation and lactation periods, were observed on gestational day (GD) 20 and on postnatal days (PND) 12, 21 and 35. During gestation, Cd induced maternal hypozincemia and less transfer of Zn to the fetus. During lactation, progressive Cd accumulation and Zn depletion in testis at PND12 and PND21 were noted. An increase of abnormal seminiferous tubules and a decrease in testis weight and plasmatic testosterone concentration were also observed at PND21 and PND35 respectively. Interestingly, Zn supply induced a significant protection against Cd toxicity. These results suggest that the toxic effects of Cd observed during development are mediated by the disruption of Zn metabolism, which is established in mothers during pregnancy causing Zn deficiency in fetuses and continues to become more pronounced during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Chemek
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Safa Ben Mimouna
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sana Boughammoura
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Géraldine Delbès
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
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Li M, Li J, Wei C, Lu Q, Tang X, Erickson SW, Macleod SL, Hobbs CA. A Three-Way Interaction among Maternal and Fetal Variants Contributing to Congenital Heart Defects. Ann Hum Genet 2016; 80:20-31. [PMID: 26612412 PMCID: PMC4839294 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) develop through a complex interplay between genetic variants, epigenetic modifications, and maternal environmental exposures. Genetic studies of CHDs have commonly tested single genetic variants for association with CHDs. Less attention has been given to complex gene-by-gene and gene-by-environment interactions. In this study, we applied a recently developed likelihood-ratio Mann-Whitney (LRMW) method to detect joint actions among maternal variants, fetal variants, and maternal environmental exposures, allowing for high-order statistical interactions. All subjects are participants from the National Birth Defect Prevention Study, including 623 mother-offspring pairs with CHD-affected pregnancies and 875 mother-offspring pairs with unaffected pregnancies. Each individual has 872 single nucleotide polymorphisms encoding for critical enzymes in the homocysteine, folate, and trans-sulfuration pathways. By using the LRMW method, three variants (fetal rs625879, maternal rs2169650, and maternal rs8177441) were identified with a joint association to CHD risk (nominal P-value = 1.13e-07). These three variants are located within genes BHMT2, GSTP1, and GPX3, respectively. Further examination indicated that maternal SNP rs2169650 may interact with both fetal SNP rs625879 and maternal SNP rs8177441. Our findings suggest that the risk of CHD may be influenced by both the intragenerational interaction within the maternal genome and the intergenerational interaction between maternal and fetal genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 72211
| | - Changshuai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 72211
| | - Stephen W. Erickson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 72211
| | - Stewart L. Macleod
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 72211
| | - Charlotte A. Hobbs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. 72211
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Health Behaviours during Pregnancy in Women with Very Severe Obesity. Nutrients 2015; 7:8431-43. [PMID: 26457716 PMCID: PMC4632423 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The health behaviours of pregnant women with very severe obesity are not known, though these women are at high risk of pregnancy complications. We carried out a prospective case-control study including 148 very severely obese (BMI >40 kg/m2) and 93 lean (BMI <25 kg/m2) pregnant women. Diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and folic acid consumption were assessed by questionnaire in early and late (16 and 28 weeks gestation) pregnancy. Circulating levels of iron, vitamin B12 and folate and other essential trace elements and minerals were measured in a subset at each time point. The findings biochemically confirmed that very severely obese women consumed diets that were energy-rich but poor in essential micronutrients. A third of all women met physical activity recommendations for pregnancy. A third of very severely obese women and two thirds of lean women took folic acid supplements prior to pregnancy. Very severely obese women were more likely to smoke but less likely to drink alcohol than lean women (all p < 0.05). Women with very severe obesity have low self-reported intakes and circulating levels of essential micronutrients in pregnancy and few follow current recommendations for pregnancy nutrition and lifestyle. These high-risk women represent a group to target for education about health behaviours prior to and during pregnancy.
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Fluctuation of potential zinc status biomarkers throughout a reproductive cycle of primiparous and multiparous sows. Br J Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26198294 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515002238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fluctuations in Zn metabolism throughout gestation and lactation might affect Zn requirements. However, scientific data on Zn requirements for breeding sows are limited. The objective of the present study was to assess the Zn status of primiparous and multiparous sows using different Zn status biomarkers, to identify periods of critical Zn status throughout the reproductive cycle at different parities. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting before feeding in the morning from five primiparous and ten multiparous sows at fixed time intervals during gestation (days - 5, 0 (insemination), 21, 42, 63 and 84), around parturition (days 108, 112, 115 (parturition) and 118) and during lactation (days 122, 129 and 143 (weaning)). At parturition, blood samples were collected from two randomly selected piglets per sow before colostrum intake. Plasma was analysed for Zn and Cu contents, whereas serum was analysed for alkaline phosphatase, metallothionein and albumin concentrations. Independently of parity, all biomarkers fluctuated differently during gestation and lactation (P< 0·050). This reflects their different roles in Zn metabolism, and suggests that the choice of a Zn status biomarker necessitates careful consideration. Low average plasma Zn concentration at the end of gestation and throughout lactation seem to be replenished towards weaning.
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Schnorr SL, Crittenden AN, Venema K, Marlowe FW, Henry AG. Assessing digestibility of Hadza tubers using a dynamic in-vitro model. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 158:371-85. [PMID: 26174414 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioaccessibility is a useful measure for assessing the biological value of a particular nutrient from food, especially foods such as tubers. The wild tubers exploited by Hadza foragers in Tanzania are of interest because they are nontoxic, consumed raw or briefly roasted, and entail substantial physical barriers to consumers. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the biological value of Hadza tubers by measuring the absorption of glucose through in-vitro digestion. METHODS We quantified digestibility using data from 24 experimental trials on four species of Hadza tuber using a dynamic in-vitro model that replicates digestion in the stomach and small intestine. Analysis of glucose in the input meal and output dialysate revealed the accessible glucose fraction. We also conducted assays for protein, vitamin, and mineral content on whole tubers and meal fractions. RESULTS Bioaccessibility of glucose varies depending on tuber species. Holding effects of chewing constant, brief roasting had negligible effects, but high intraspecific variation precludes interpretive power. Overall, Hadza tubers are very resistant to digestion, with between one- and two-thirds of glucose absorbed on average. Glucose absorption negatively correlated with glucose concentration of the tubers. CONCLUSIONS Roasting may provide other benefits such as ease of peeling and chewing to extract edible parenchymatous tissue. A powerful factor in glucose acquisition is tuber quality, placing emphasis on the skill of the forager. Other nutrient assays yielded unexpectedly high values for protein, iron, and iodine, making tubers potentially valuable resources beyond caloric content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Schnorr
- Plant Foods in Hominin Dietary Ecology Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Alyssa N Crittenden
- Metabolism, Anthropometry, and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89154-5003
| | - Koen Venema
- Department of Pharmacokinetics & Human Studies, TNO Healthy Living, Zeist, NL-3704 HE, The Netherlands
| | - Frank W Marlowe
- Division of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cb2 1TN, UK
| | - Amanda G Henry
- Plant Foods in Hominin Dietary Ecology Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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Coverdale JA, Hammer CJ, Walter KW. HORSE SPECIES SYMPOSIUM: Nutritional programming and the impact on mare and foal performance1. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:3261-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Luo X, Li L, Ma M, Li R. Effects of low-dose cadmium exposure during gestation and lactation on development and reproduction in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:10569-10579. [PMID: 25735246 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important toxic chemical due to its increasing levels in the environment and its resulting accumulation in humans and animals. The present study was performed to evaluate the long-term effects of low doses of Cd administered in offspring by oral route to rats during pregnancy and lactation. There were no adverse effects on the physical and sexual development in the pups, except to delay the development of offspring. The relative weights of livers and kidneys in the adult female offspring were significantly decreased after exposure to 10 ppm Cd. These results indicated that there were adverse effects on growth and development from exposure to 5 or 10 ppm Cd in utero and during lactation. The results also showed differential gender sensitivity effects on the organ weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Luo
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
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Noguera JC, Metcalfe NB, Surai PF, Monaghan P. Are you what you eat? Micronutritional deficiencies during development influence adult personality-related traits. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Khaire A, Rathod R, Kemse N, Kale A, Joshi S. Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids during gestation and lactation to a vitamin B12-deficient or -supplemented diet improves pregnancy outcome and metabolic variables in Wistar rats. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 27:341-50. [DOI: 10.1071/rd13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency leads to an adverse pregnancy outcome and increases the risk for developing diabetes and metabolic syndrome in mothers in later life. Our earlier studies have demonstrated that vitamin B12 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are interlinked in the one carbon cycle. The present study for the first time examines the effect of maternal n-3 PUFA supplementation to vitamin B12 deficient or supplemented diets on pregnancy outcome, fatty-acid status and metabolic variables in Wistar rats. Pregnant dams were assigned to one of the following groups: control, vitamin B12 deficient, vitamin B12 supplemented, vitamin B12 deficient + n-3 PUFA or vitamin B12 supplemented + n-3 PUFA. The amount of vitamin B12 in the supplemented group was 0.50 μg kg–1 diet and n-3 PUFA was alpha linolenic acid (ALA) 1.68, eicosapentaenoic acid 5.64, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 3.15 (g per 100 g fatty acids per kg diet). Our findings indicate that maternal vitamin B12 supplementation did not affect the weight gain of dams during pregnancy but reduced litter size and weight and was ameliorated by n-3 PUFA supplementation. Vitamin B12 deficiency or supplementation resulted in a low percentage distribution of plasma arachidonic acid and DHA. n-3 PUFA supplementation to these diets improved the fatty-acid status. Vitamin B12 deficiency resulted in higher homocysteine and insulin levels, which were normalised by supplementation with either vitamin B12 or n-3 PUFA. Our study suggests that maternal vitamin B12 status is critical in determining pregnancy outcome and metabolic variables in dams and that supplementation with n-3 PUFA is beneficial.
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Child's homocysteine concentration at 2 years is influenced by pregnancy vitamin B12 and folate status. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2014; 3:32-8. [PMID: 25101809 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174411000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies investigating vitamin B12 and folate status of mothers and their offspring will provide a better understanding of intergenerational nutrition. During pregnancy and 2 years (2y) after delivery, we measured plasma vitamin B12 and folate concentrations in 118 women [aged (mean ± s.d.) 22.9 ± 3.9y] who attended a rural (n = 68) or an urban (n = 50) antenatal clinic in Pune, India. Cord blood vitamin B12 and folate were measured, and when the child was 2y total homocysteine (tHcy) was also measured. Demographic and diet measurements were recorded using standard methods. Pregnancy plasma vitamin B12 concentration at 34 weeks was low [median (25th, 75th), 115 (95, 147) pm]; 75% had low status (<150 pm). Plasma folate was high (mean ± s.d., 33 ± 21 nm); one had a folate concentration <7 pm. Cord plasma vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were higher than and positively associated with maternal concentrations. In stepwise regression, higher child vitamin B12 at 2y was predicted (total R 2 15.7%) by pregnancy vitamin B12 (std β 0.201, R 2 7.7%), current consumption of cow's milk (std β 0.194, R 2 3.3%) and whether breast feeding was stopped before 2y (std β -0.234 R 2 7.2%). Child's 2y tHcy concentration was high (11.4 ± 3.6 μm) and predicted by lower pregnancy vitamin B12 (std β -0.206, R 2 4.1%), lack of vitamin supplementation (std β -0.256, R 2 5.6%) in pregnancy and whether currently breastfed (std β 0.268, R 2 8.4%). Low maternal vitamin B12 status in pregnancy and prolonged breast-feeding results in disturbed one-carbon metabolism in offspring at 2y. Supplementation of women of child-bearing age, particularly during pregnancy and lactation, may improve the homocysteine status of these children.
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Morley SA, Murray JA. Effects of Body Condition Score on the Reproductive Physiology of the Broodmare: A Review. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Changamire FT, Mwiru RS, Msamanga GI, Spiegelman D, Urassa W, Hertzmark E, Fawzi WW, Peterson KE. Macronutrient and sociodemographic determinants of gestational weight gain among HIV-negative women in Tanzania. Food Nutr Bull 2014; 35:43-50. [PMID: 24791578 DOI: 10.1177/156482651403500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of dietary macronutrient composition on the rate of gestational weight gain among women in sub-Saharan Africa is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of macronutrient intake on the rate of gestational weight gain among HIV-negative women in Tanzania. METHODS The weights of 8,428 women were measured monthly from 12 weeks of gestation to term. Prenatal dietary intake was estimated as the cumulative average of multiple 24-hour dietary recalls. The association between energy intake and percentage of energy from carbohydrate, protein, and total fat and rate of weight gain (grams per month) was estimated from generalized estimating equation models. Macronutrient effects were adjusted for total energy using the nutrient density model and maternal age, maternal height, maternal mid-upper-arm circumference, parity, marital status, maternal occupation, maternal education, household wealth, season, and treatment regimen assignment. Body mass index (BMI) was considered as a confounder and a potential modifier of the effect of macronutrient intake on gestational weight gain. RESULTS A 6 g/month increase in rate of weight gain was associated with every 100-kcal increment in daily total energy intake (95% CI, 1 to 12; p = .03). Analyses substituting 5% of energy from fat by protein showed that weight gain would decrease by 72 g/month (95% CI, 6 to 140; p = .03); substituting 5% of energy from carbohydrate by protein decreased gain by 70 g/month (95% CI, 15 to 124; p = .01). Baseline BMI did not modify these associations. CONCLUSIONS Further research on the effects of macronutrient composition on gestational weight gain is needed to inform the design of supplementation programs for women in developing countries.
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de Miranda DO, Barros JEXS, Vieira MMS, Lima ELS, Moraes VLL, da Silva HA, Garcia HLBO, Lima CA, Gomes AV, Santos N, Muniz MTC. Reduced folate carrier-1 G80a gene polymorphism is associated with neuroblastoma's development. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5069-75. [PMID: 24771227 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a malignant embryonal tumor of neural crest cells that give rise to the sympathetic nervous system, responsible for 10-70% of all cases of childhood cancer. Because of its early appearance, it has been suggested that risk factors active in the prenatal can be associated with the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms MTHFR C677T and A1298C, MTR A2756G, TYMS 2R/3R and SLC19A1 G80A, involved in folate metabolism, increase the risk of neuroblastoma in Brazilian children. This study comprised 31 Brazilian children (0-14 years old) diagnosed with neuroblastoma compared with 92 controls. Investigation of polymorphisms MTHFR C677T, MTR A2756G and SLC19A1 A80G was performed using PCR-RFLP, the TYMS 2R/3R using PCR and MTHFR A1298C using AS-PCR. The SLC19A1 A80A genotype was significantly associated with the development of neuroblastoma, compared with the control group (Williams G-Test = 0.0286; OR = 5.1667; 95% CI = 1.4481-18.4338; p = 0.0175). When analyzed together, the 80AG+AA genotypes showed a trend toward association (OR = 3.3033; 95% CI = 1.0586-10.3080; p = 0.0563). Our results suggest that individuals carriers of genotype AA for the SLC19A1 gene present risk for the development of neuroblastoma and possibly have difficulty in absorption of folic acid by the cells, and this may adversely affect the metabolism of folate causing genomic instability and promoting the development of cancer. This is the first retrospective/prospective study to examine the relationship between polymorphisms of folate pathway genes and risk of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyego O de Miranda
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Oncohematologia Pediátrica (CEONHPE), Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz - HUOC/UPE, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Arnóbio Marques, 310 - Santo Amaro, Recife, 50100-130, Pernambuco, Brazil,
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Kim HS, Lee BE, Jeon YJ, Rah H, Lee WS, Shin JE, Choi DH, Kim NK. Transcobalamin II (TCN267A>G andTCN2776C>G) and Transcobalamin II Receptor (TCblR1104C>T) Polymorphisms in Korean Patients with Idiopathic Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 72:337-46. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seok Kim
- Institute for Clinical Research; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - Bo Eun Lee
- Institute for Clinical Research; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; College of Life Science; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeon
- Institute for Clinical Research; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; College of Life Science; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - HyungChul Rah
- Institute for Clinical Research; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - Woo Sik Lee
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center; CHA University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
| | - Nam Keun Kim
- Institute for Clinical Research; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science; College of Life Science; CHA University; Seongnam South Korea
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Finkelstein JL, O'Brien KO, Abrams SA, Zavaleta N. Infant iron status affects iron absorption in Peruvian breastfed infants at 2 and 5 mo of age. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1475-84. [PMID: 24088721 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.056945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of prenatal iron supplementation on maternal postpartum iron status and early infant iron homeostasis remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We examined iron absorption and growth in exclusively breastfed infants in relation to fetal iron exposure and iron status during early infancy. DESIGN Longitudinal, paired iron-absorption (⁵⁸Fe) studies were conducted in 59 exclusively breastfed Peruvian infants at 2-3 mo of age (2M) and 5-6 mo of age (5M). Infants were born to women who received ≥ 5100 or ≤ 1320 mg supplemental prenatal Fe. Iron status was assessed in mothers and infants at 2M and 5M. RESULTS Infant iron absorption from breast milk averaged 7.1% and 13.9% at 2M and 5M. Maternal iron status (at 2M) predicted infant iron deficiency (ID) at 5M. Although no infants were iron deficient at 2M, 28.6% of infants had depleted iron stores (ferritin concentration <12 μg/L) by 5M. Infant serum ferritin decreased (P < 0.0001), serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) increased (P < 0.0001), and serum iron decreased from 2M to 5M (P < 0.01). Higher infant sTfR (P < 0.01) and breast-milk copper (P < 0.01) predicted increased iron absorption at 5M. Prenatal iron supplementation had no effects on infant iron status or breast-milk nutrient concentrations at 2M or 5M. However, fetal iron exposure predicted increased infant length at 2M (P < 0.01) and 5M (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Fetal iron exposure affected early infant growth but did not significantly improve iron status or absorption. Young, exclusively breastfed infants upregulated iron absorption when iron stores were depleted at both 2M and 5M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Finkelstein
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (JLF and KOO); the USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SAA); and the Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru (NZ)
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Ahmad S, Kumar KA, Basak T, Bhardwaj G, Yadav DK, Lalitha A, Chandak GR, Raghunath M, Sengupta S. PPAR signaling pathway is a key modulator of liver proteome in pups born to vitamin B12 deficient rats. J Proteomics 2013; 91:297-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Anchordoquy JP, Anchordoquy JM, Sirini MA, Mattioli G, Picco SJ, Furnus CC. Effect of Different Manganese Concentrations duringin vitroMaturation of Bovine Oocytes on DNA Integrity of Cumulus Cells and Subsequent Embryo Development. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48:905-11. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JP Anchordoquy
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Prof. Fernando N. Dulout (IGEVET); Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET; La Plata Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología; Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - JM Anchordoquy
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Prof. Fernando N. Dulout (IGEVET); Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET; La Plata Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología; Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - MA Sirini
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Prof. Fernando N. Dulout (IGEVET); Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET; La Plata Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología; Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - G Mattioli
- Cátedra de Fisiología; Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - SJ Picco
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Prof. Fernando N. Dulout (IGEVET); Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET; La Plata Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología; Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - CC Furnus
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Prof. Fernando N. Dulout (IGEVET); Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET; La Plata Argentina
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
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Sundrani D, Chavan-Gautam P, Pisal H, Mehendale S, Joshi S. Matrix metalloproteinases-2, -3 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1, -2 in placentas from preterm pregnancies and their association with one-carbon metabolites. Reproduction 2013; 145:401-10. [PMID: 23412981 DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is an important determinant of one-carbon metabolism and defects in the one-carbon metabolism may lead to poor obstetric outcomes. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that altered intake/metabolism of micronutrients (folic acid and vitamin B12) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contributes to increased homocysteine and oxidative stress leading to altered levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in women delivering preterm. We have earlier reported increased vitamin B12, homocysteine, and oxidative stress along with reduced placental DHA in women delivering preterm. In this study, we further examine the placental levels of MMP2, MMP3, TIMP1, and TIMP2 in 75 women delivering at term and 73 women delivering preterm. Placental levels of MMPs and TIMPs were determined by ELISA. Placental MMP2 and MMP3 levels were higher (P<0.01) in women delivering preterm as compared with term. There was no difference in the placental TIMP1 and TIMP2 levels in women delivering preterm and at term. Further placental MMP2 and MMP3 levels were higher (P<0.01) in women with preterm labor as compared with those in labor at term, suggesting that MMPs may favor degradation of extracellular matrix in the placenta during preterm labor. Our study for the first time suggests a crucial role of micronutrients and MMPs in preterm birth. Future studies need to examine if epigenetic modifications through the one-carbon cycle contribute to increased levels of MMPs leading to preterm deliveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Sundrani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune 411043, India
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Kim JH, Jeon YJ, Lee BE, Kang H, Shin JE, Choi DH, Lee WS, Kim NK. Association of methionine synthase and thymidylate synthase genetic polymorphisms with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1674-80. [PMID: 23415967 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between one-carbon metabolism and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). One-carbon metabolism is important for maintaining pregnancy, and the enzymes codified by these genes are relevant to this metabolic pathway. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING An urban university-based hospital in South Korea. PATIENT(S) A cohort of 353 RPL patients (3.09 ± 1.65 pregnancy losses) and 226 control subjects. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Genotyping was assessed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. We examined polymorphisms in four genes: methionine synthase (MTR); methionine synthase reductase (MTRR); methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1); and thymidylate synthase (TS). RESULT(S) The MTR 2756AA polymorphism was associated with RPL. Gene-gene interaction analysis revealed that the frequency of the MTR 2756A-TS 6-bp allele combination was significantly higher in RPL. CONCLUSION(S) Based on these results, we propose that the MTR 2756AA genotype and MTR 2756A-TS 6-bp allele combination are possible predisposing factors for RPL development in Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyang Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
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Torsvik IK, Markestad T, Ueland PM, Nilsen RM, Midttun O, Bjørke Monsen AL. Evaluating iron status and the risk of anemia in young infants using erythrocyte parameters. Pediatr Res 2013; 73:214-20. [PMID: 23168578 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2012.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correct evaluation of iron status is important in young infants because both iron deficiency and excess may have negative effects on development, growth, and morbidity. METHODS We evaluated iron status using erythrocyte parameters, including reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) in infants with birth weight <3,000 g (n = 80). Blood samples and infant characteristics were recorded at 6 wk and at 4 and 6 months. Infants with a birth weight ≤2,500 g (n = 36) were recommended for iron supplementation. RESULTS Despite a significantly poorer status at 6 wk, iron-supplemented infants had significantly higher hemoglobin level (Hb): 12.2 (SD = 0.8) g/dl and CHr: 28.3 (SD = 1.4) pg at 6 mo, as compared with nonsupplemented infants, Hb: 11.7 (SD = 1.0) g/dl, P = 0.02 and CHr: 26.5 (SD = 2.5) pg, P < 0.001. Prolonged exclusive breastfeeding, high weight gain, and male gender were the predisposing factors for a low iron status at 6 mo. A CHr cutoff level of 26.9 pg at 4 mo proved to be a sensitive predictor for anemia at 6 mo. CONCLUSION Signs of an iron-restricted erythropoiesis were observed in nonsupplemented infants (birth weight 2,501-3,000 g), and CHr was a useful tool for evaluating iron status. The need for iron supplementation in certain infant risk populations should be further evaluated.
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Changamire FT, Mwiru RS, Peterson KE, Msamanga GI, Spiegelman D, Petraro P, Urassa W, Fawzi WW. Effect of multivitamin supplements on weight gain during pregnancy among HIV-negative women in Tanzania. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2012; 11:297-304. [PMID: 23253638 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multivitamin supplementation has been shown to reduce the risk of low birthweight. This effect could be mediated through gestational weight gain. However, the effect of multivitamin supplementation on weight gain during pregnancy has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of multivitamins on pregnancy weight gain. We enrolled 8468 HIV-negative women from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of multivitamins on birth outcomes. Women were randomly assigned to receive either a daily oral dose of multivitamin tablets or a placebo and were weighed every 4 weeks from enrolment until the last visit before delivery. Intent-to-treat analyses were carried out to examine the effects of multivitamins on pregnancy weight gain. Multivariate linear and binomial regression models with the log-link function were used to examine the association of weight gain during pregnancy to birthweight. The overall total weight gain was 253 g (SE: 69, P: 0.0003) more, while the overall 4 weekly weight gain was 59 g greater (SE: 18, P: 0.005) among women who received multivitamins compared to placebo. Women in the lowest quartile of gestational weight gain had babies with an average birthweight of 3030 g (SD: 524), while women in the highest quartile had babies weighing 3246 g (SD: 486), on average. Prenatal multivitamin supplements increased gestational weight gain, which was a significant predictor of birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freeman T Changamire
- Department of Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ramadhani S Mwiru
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Human Nutrition Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gernard I Msamanga
- Department of Community Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul Petraro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Willy Urassa
- Department Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Boskabadi H, Maamouri G, Rezagholizade Omran F, Mafinejad S, Tara F, Rayman MP, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Sahebkar A, Tavallaie S, Shakeri MT, Mohammadi M, Ferns GA. Effect of prenatal selenium supplementation on cord blood selenium and lipid profile. Pediatr Neonatol 2012; 53:334-9. [PMID: 23276436 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential trace element and as a component of selenoproteins it plays a key role as an antioxidant. We aimed to evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation during pregnancy on cord blood selenium content and lipid profile. METHODS This trial was performed on 166 eligible women who were randomized to receive 100 μg of selenium, as selenium-yeast (Se group) or a placebo-yeast tablet (placebo group). Umbilical cord blood samples were collected at the time of delivery and selenium concentration and lipid profile were measured. RESULTS Triglyceride levels were found to be significantly higher in the Se group than in the placebo group (p=0.01). However, no significant difference in cord blood selenium was observed between the groups nor were there any significant correlations between cord blood selenium and lipid profile parameters. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that selenium supplementation in pregnant women may be associated with an increased cord-blood triglyceride level, although total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels did not change significantly. The clinical significance of the increased cord triglyceride concentration needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Boskabadi
- Neonatal Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wu G, Imhoff-Kunsch B, Girard AW. Biological mechanisms for nutritional regulation of maternal health and fetal development. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2012; 26 Suppl 1:4-26. [PMID: 22742599 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review paper highlights mechanisms for nutritional regulation of maternal health and fetal development. Malnutrition (nutrient deficiencies or obesity) in pregnant women adversely affects their health by causing or exacerbating a plethora of problems, such as anaemia, maternal haemorrhage, insulin resistance, and hypertensive disorders (e.g. pre-eclampsia/eclampsia). Maternal malnutrition during gestation also impairs embryonic and fetal growth and development, resulting in deleterious outcomes, including intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birthweight, preterm birth, and birth defects (e.g. neural tube defects and iodine deficiency disorders). IUGR and preterm birth contribute to high rates of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Major common mechanisms responsible for malnutrition-induced IUGR and preterm birth include: (i) abnormal growth and development of the placenta; (ii) impaired placental transfer of nutrients from mother to fetus; (iii) endocrine disorders; and (iv) disturbances in normal metabolic processes. Activation of a series of physiological responses leading to premature and sustained contraction of the uterine myometrium also results in preterm birth. Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested a link between IUGR and chronic metabolic disease in children and adults, and the effects of IUGR may be carried forward to subsequent generations through epigenetics. While advanced medical therapies, which are generally unavailable in low-income countries, are required to support preterm and IUGR infants, optimal nutrition during pregnancy may help ameliorate many of these problems. Future studies are necessary to develop effective nutritional interventions to enhance fetal growth and development and alleviate the burden of maternal morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyao Wu
- Faculty of Nutrition and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA.
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Kumar KA, Lalitha A, Pavithra D, Padmavathi IJN, Ganeshan M, Rao KR, Venu L, Balakrishna N, Shanker NH, Reddy SU, Chandak GR, Sengupta S, Raghunath M. Maternal dietary folate and/or vitamin B12 restrictions alter body composition (adiposity) and lipid metabolism in Wistar rat offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:25-31. [PMID: 22703962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Maternal vitamin deficiencies are associated with low birth weight and increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. We hypothesize that maternal folate and/or vitamin B(12) restrictions alter body composition and fat metabolism in the offspring. Female weaning Wistar rats received ad libitum for 12 weeks a control diet (American Institute of Nutrition-76A) or the same with restriction of folate, vitamin B(12) or both (dual deficient) and, after confirming vitamin deficiency, were mated with control males. The pregnant/lactating mothers and their offspring received their respective diets throughout. Biochemical and body composition parameters were determined in mothers before mating and in offspring at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Vitamin restriction increased body weight and fat and altered lipid profile in female Wistar rats, albeit differences were significant with only B(12) restriction. Offspring born to vitamin-B(12)-restricted dams had lower birth weight, while offspring of all vitamin-restricted dams weighed higher at/from weaning. They had higher body fat (specially visceral fat) from 3 months and were dyslipidemic at 12 months, when they had high circulating and adipose tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor α, leptin and interleukin 6 and low levels of adiponectin and interleukin 1β. Vitamin-restricted offspring had higher activities of hepatic fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA-carboxylase and higher plasma cortisol levels. In conclusion, maternal and peri-/postnatal folate and/or vitamin B(12) restriction increased visceral adiposity (due to increased corticosteroid stress), altered lipid metabolism in rat offspring perhaps by modulating adipocyte function and may thus predispose them to high morbidity later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalle Anand Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad-500 604, India
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Partition of metals in the maternal/fetal unit and lead-associated decreases of fetal iron and manganese: an observational biomonitoring approach. Arch Toxicol 2012; 86:1571-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0869-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sundrani DP, Chavan Gautam PM, Mehendale SS, Joshi SR. Altered metabolism of maternal micronutrients and omega 3 fatty acids epigenetically regulate matrix metalloproteinases in preterm pregnancy: A novel hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2011; 77:878-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
The role of vitamin status in the development of the brain and the subsequent functioning of the brain was considered. There are data with a range of vitamins, from animal studies and human studies in developing countries, suggesting that a clinical deficiency during the critical period when the brain is developing causes permanent damage. To date there is, however, with the exception of cases of clinical deficiency such as those that might be associated with a vegan diet, little evidence that variations in the diet of those living in industrialised countries have a lasting developmental influence. Similarly, later in life clinical deficiencies of various vitamins disrupt cognition although there is to date limited evidence that variations in the intake of single vitamins in industrialised societies influence functioning. It may well be, however, unreasonable to expect that vitamins examined in isolation will be associated with differences in cognitive functioning. The output of the brain reflects millions of metabolic processes, each potentially susceptible to any of a range of vitamins. A diet poor in one respect is likely to be poor in other respects as well. As such, the preliminary reports in double-blind placebo-controlled trials that aspects of cognition and behaviour respond to supplementation with multi-micronutrients may indicate the way forward.
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Jeon YJ, Choi YS, Rah H, Choi Y, Yoon TK, Choi DH, Kim NK. The reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC1 696T>C) polymorphism is associated with spontaneously aborted embryos in Koreans. Genes Genomics 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-011-0016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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