1
|
Amos B, Tibbert SJ. Exploration of the COVID-19 mental health implications in elite disabled athletes. J Sports Sci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38910346 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2370151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the way individuals conducted their lives, with consequences relating to mental health deterioration. Whilst researchers explored this outcome in the general population and athletic populations, less focus was on athletes with disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate how the pandemic influenced the mental health of elite para-athletes in the United Kingdom. Nine elite-level athletes with disabilities participated in semi-structured interviews. Three broad themes were interpreted from the data using reflexive thematic analysis, two themes reflected the negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health and one theme reflected positive outcomes of the pandemic. Athletes explained that losing face-to-face interactions and delays in major sporting events were significant factors in their mental health decline. This population group reported different challenges to able-bodied communities. Differences included increased susceptibility to contract the virus, difficulties in communication where face masks and online interactions became necessary and perceptions of vulnerability relating to shielding protocols. Finally, positive outcomes related to the additional time to recover, to prepare for major events and time to reassess their values. Exploring experiences of a pandemic on this population group warrants further exploration to enhance the effectiveness of mental health support services in para-sporting organisations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Amos
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, AECC University College, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Stephanie J Tibbert
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, AECC University College, Bournemouth, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raspopova NI. [Pathogenetic basis of modern approaches to the therapy of sleep disorders in the clinic of depression]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2024; 124:69-74. [PMID: 38676680 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202412404169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that about 35% of the world's population periodically suffer from insomnia. Many authors in their studies note sleep disturbances in the clinic of both somatic and mental disorders, often considering sleep disturbances as one of the predictors of these diseases. In psychiatric practice, sleep disorders are most often described in the clinic of depression, which is determined by the general pathophysiological mechanisms of their development due to disruption of the activity of the main neurotransmitter systems of the brain. The results of clinical studies show that the drug of choice in the treatment of sleep disorders in the depression clinic is the antidepressant Mirtazapine, which has a unique profile of pharmacological activity. According to international recommendations, Mirtazapine is a first-line drug in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders with sleep disorders and sexual dysfunction caused by taking other antidepressants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N I Raspopova
- Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kucukparlak İ, Fikret Giynas F, Gica S. Effects of Beliefs, Conspiracy Theories, and Vaccine Hesitancy on the Vaccination Status of Patients with Severe Mental Illness in a Tertiary Psychiatric Care Hospital in Türkiye. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2023; 33:272-279. [PMID: 38765841 PMCID: PMC11053356 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy and the adoption of conspiracy theories by patients with severe mental illness in Türkiye. Methods Ninety-eight outpatients with schizophrenia and 105 outpatients with bipolar disorder were included. A sociodemographical data form, a survey on beliefs and conspiracy theories on vaccines and Vaccine Hesitancy Scale were obtained. Vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were compared and evaluated separately for patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Results Sixty-one (62.24%) patients in the schizophrenia group and 86 (81.90%) patients in the bipolar disorder group were vaccinated, and the vaccination rate in the schizophrenia group was significantly lower (P = .002). There was no significant difference in terms of Vaccine Hesitancy Scale scores or adoption of any particular conspiracy theory between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar groups. However, vaccinated and unvaccinated patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder groups differed in terms of adopting beliefs and conspiracy theories on vaccines. Sixty-five (75.58%) of the vaccinated patients in the bipolar group agreed with the statement "vaccines are safe," while this rate was 8 (42.11%) in the unvaccinated patients (P = .004). In the schizophrenia group, however, the main difference between the vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was adopting the beliefs that "vaccines have serious side effects" and "vaccines may cause homosexuality" (P = .0341 and P = .003, respectively). Conclusion The vaccination status of patients with schizophrenia might be under the stronger influence of conspiracy theories and specialized mental health interventions may be needed to ensure vaccination in patients with schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ferzan Fikret Giynas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Erenköy Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakir Gica
- Department of Psychiatry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Medical School of Meram, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan D, Yu H, Lin W, Zha L. Determinants of Residential Satisfaction During the Initial Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Xiangyang City, China. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606016. [PMID: 38090665 PMCID: PMC10713804 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the impacts of psychological character strengths, self-efficacy, and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases on residential satisfaction at the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods: To achieve the study aim, we collected data from 281 observations from Xiangyang City, China, via an online survey. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Results: Character strengths and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases significantly impacted residential satisfaction. While self-efficacy did not directly impact residential satisfaction, it moderated the relationship between the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and residential satisfaction. The control variables of social trust and shared value positively impacted residential satisfaction, and their influence on residential satisfaction was higher than that of character strengths. The sociodemographic variables of marriage, age, educational attainment, and housing area per capita also impacted residential satisfaction significantly. However, strong ties and weak ties became insignificant variables due to social distancing strategies. Conclusion: The study findings offer insights for local governments to enhance residential satisfaction in the community to avoid social panic during unpredictable threats or future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinghuan Yuan
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Public Policy Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyuan Yu
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Lin
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Common Prosperity and National Governance Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Zha
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martin S, Oltra A, Del Monte J. Psychiatric and non-psychiatric population vulnerabilities in time of a crisis: the unsuspected aggression factor. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:386. [PMID: 37264352 PMCID: PMC10234249 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In March 2020, France faced a health crisis due to the COVID-19 outbreak that, like previous infectious disease crises, involved high psychological and emotional stress, a series of factors that influenced the ongoing mental health crisis. METHODS We recruited 384 respondents to complete an online questionnaire during the second month of isolation: 176 psychotherapy recipients (68 were currently attending psychiatric care) and 208 healthy controls. We measured demographic characteristics, impulsivity, aggression, hopelessness, suicidal risk, and the global level of anxiety and depression in order to estimate potential discrepancies in clinical measures across these populations. RESULTS Our results indicate that the group currently undergoing psychiatric care was prone to loneliness and social isolation. Regarding clinical and nonclinical population, there were differences in suicidal risk, depression, anxiety, and hopelessness but mainly in aggression. Regression analysis also demonstrated that aggression surprisingly influenced anxiety levels. Patients undergoing therapy compared with patients who were not displayed differences only in suicidal risk, anxiety, and hopelessness, with those undergoing therapy having higher scores. The outpatient group undergoing therapy had a significantly lower level of impulsivity. Moreover, the regression to predict anxiety and depression levels from correlated factors highlighted the potentially heightened role of aggression in predicting anxiety in the clinical group. CONCLUSION New research into stress reactions should assess other clinical signals, such as aggression, and examine preventive mental health interventions in times of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Martin
- Center for Research and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, entrance A11, 75224, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Psycho.Tcce, Clinical psychology Private practice, Montpellier, France.
| | - Anna Oltra
- Clinical psychology Private practice, Toulouse, France
| | - Jonathan Del Monte
- Psychosocial Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Aix Marseille, France
- Clinical Psychology Department, Nîmes University, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmet’yanov MA, Reikhert LI, Kicherova OA, Veeva DM, Makarova DV. Sleep Disorders in Patients after COVID-19. NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 52:645-648. [PMID: 36119651 PMCID: PMC9468523 DOI: 10.1007/s11055-022-01290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Healthy sleep is required to ensure the body’s homeostatic stability, the consistency of immunological reactions, and optimum functioning of the internal organs, the nervous system, and cognitive functions. Patterns of changes to the circadian rhythms have been studied in many diseases, though infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a new reality and the basic mechanisms of functioning of the body in this pathology require deeper investigation. Despite the difficulty of analytical investigations in pandemic conditions, experience of the diagnosis of COVID-19 has now been acquired and treatment algorithms have been developed for different clinical situations; vaccines have been developed. Least studied are questions of the long-term sequelae of COVID-19. At the same time, there are good grounds for suggesting that patients need long-term rehabilitation in the post-covid period of SARS-CoV-2, for reasons including damage to the nervous system. Analysis of publications – from descriptions of clinical cases to literature reviews – allows empirical experience to be accumulated, providing the opportunity for future identification of prognostic markers for the disease for effective prevention of long-term sequelae. The results of current prospective studies draw attention to the occurrence of dyssomnia and obstructive sleep apnea not only as a common consequence of coronavirus infection, but also as a factor significantly worsening the prognosis in the acute period of illness. It has repeatedly been shown that sleep deprivation has adverse influences on the body’s resistance, including to SARS-CoV-2, and requires correction to improve prognoses in the acute and long-term periods of illness in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Stankovic M, Stojanovic A, Jelena S, Stankovic M, Shih A, Stankovic S. The Serbian experience of challenges of parenting children with autism spectrum disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and the state of emergency with lockdown. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:693-698. [PMID: 34837543 PMCID: PMC8626751 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miodrag Stankovic
- Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Zorana Djindjica 48, 18000, Niš, Serbia.
- Centre of Mental Health Protection, Clinical Centre of Nis, Niš, Serbia.
| | | | - Stojanov Jelena
- Special Hospital for Psychiatric Disorders "Gornja Toponica", Niš, Serbia
| | | | | | - Sandra Stankovic
- Clinic of Children Internal Diseases, Clinical Centre of Nis, Niš, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Loreto BBL, de Azevedo SC, da Silva AG, Malloy-Diniz LF, Ornel F, Trés LMAM, Kessler FHP, de Castro MN. Well-being at work, productivity, and coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022; 44:e20210250. [PMID: 34392664 PMCID: PMC10039719 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the mechanisms through which the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic impacts on well-being at work and on productivity. The secondary objective is to identify stress management strategies for the work environment during the pandemic. This is an integrative review. Phase 1 consisted of searches of open access electronic databases (MEDLINE, SciELO, Bireme, and LILACS) for papers published in 2020 addressing mental health, work, and pandemics. Phase 2 consisted of selecting literature recommended by specialists in occupational psychiatry and positive psychology. These materials were read and critically analyzed. Forty references were included in the literature review. The articles reviewed were classified into the following categories: articles concerning work relationships in Brazil; articles describing the impact of pandemics on mental health and work; articles focusing on the work of health professionals during pandemics; articles about well-being at work; and papers proposing strategies to improve well-being and productivity and to promote mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic can have a significant impact on workers' mental health and productivity. Most professionals face a need to adapt to changes, which can decrease their feeling of well-being. Consequently, strategies to promote well-being and mental health in the work environment should be a priority. Work routines were modified after the COVID-19 pandemic set in and assessing these changes is essential to maintain workers' mental health. By so doing, it is possible to promote general well-being and post-traumatic recovery and reduce stress levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Bolten Lucion Loreto
- Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sofia Cid de Azevedo
- Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Geraldo da Silva
- Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Asociación Psiquiátrica de América Latina (APAL), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Fundação Mineira de Educação e Cultura, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Associação Brasileira de Impulsividade e Patologia Dual, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornel
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Félix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vus V, Nakanishi Y, da Silva GTB. MAPPING MENTAL HEALTH INTERVENTIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. A COMPARISON REVIEW OF CHINA AND WESTERN EUROPE. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:1819-1826. [PMID: 36089863 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202208102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To map and compare mental health interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic in China and Western-Europe. The focus was specifically on the availability, duration, target group, content, setting, and outcomes of the interventions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: A scoping review was conducted by utilising several scientific databases. A total of 479 articles were found after removing the duplicate records. After screening, 36 articles were included in the study. Relevant intervention characteristics were systematically mapped, and compared within and among countries. CONCLUSION Conclusions: All interventions had shared aims to improve the psychological resilience and to reduce psychological distress. In particular, anxiety- and depression-related symptoms were commonly addressed. On average, interventions in China were larger scaled, had longer durations, and often used combinations of strategies such as therapies and exercises both in-person and remotely. Interventions in Western-Europe tend to be locally implemented on a smaller scale, and often used a single strategy. Most Chinese interventions targeted adolescents, while all interventions in Western-Europe were meant for adults. Most interventions were assessed using quantitative methods using various mental health scales, showing statistically significant effects in improving mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Vus
- INTERNATIONAL PLATFORM ON MENTAL HEALTH, INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY NAES OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Yol Nakanishi
- ATHENA INSTITUTE, VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT, AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Olhaberry M, Sieverson C, Franco P, Romero M, Tagle T, Iribarren D, Honorato C, Muzard A. The impact of COVID-19 on experiences of pregnancy and/or early parenting in Chile. Infant Ment Health J 2021; 43:8-23. [PMID: 34932824 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has impacted families' mental health around the globe. In June 2020, 1163 parents of high (43%), middle (47%), and low socioeconomic status (SES) (10%) participated in an online survey developed to explore how daily life changes and restrictions that came with COVID-19 affected the experiences of pregnancy and/or parenting children under the age of 5 in Chile. The survey's design had an exploratory and descriptive scope, with a mix of qualitative and quantitative questions. With the aim of exploring differences before and after COVID-19, two time periods were established, and the 47-item questionnaire covered participants' sociodemographic information, support networks, health concerns, mood changes, self-regulation, adult and children's perceived well-being, parental competencies and parents' perceptions of the unborn baby and/or their children's needs. The results relative to retrospective reporting of pre-pandemic levels, showed an increase in children's crying and tantrums as well as in parental irritability and sadness. Additionally, decreases in the ability to calm down and sleep quality in both parents and children were identified. Finally, at a qualitative level, COVID-19 stands out both as an opportunity to get to know their children better and as a stressor related to parental burn-out and discomfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Olhaberry
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Sieverson
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Franco
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Macarena Romero
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Trinidad Tagle
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Iribarren
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Honorato
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonia Muzard
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av Vicuña Mackenna, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Generoso JS, Barichello de Quevedo JL, Cattani M, Lodetti BF, Sousa L, Collodel A, Diaz AP, Dal-Pizzol F. Neurobiology of COVID-19: how can the virus affect the brain? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2021; 43:650-664. [PMID: 33605367 PMCID: PMC8639021 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been declared a public health emergency of international interest, with confirmed cases in most countries. COVID-19 presents manifestations that can range from asymptomatic or mild infections up to severe manifestations that lead to hospitalization and death. A growing amount of evidence indicates that the virus may cause neuroinvasion. Postmortem brain study findings have included edema, hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, atrophy, encephalitis, infarcts, swollen axons, myelin loss, gliosis, neuronal satellitosis, hypoxic-ischemic damage, arteriolosclerosis, leptomeningeal inflammation, neuronal loss, and axon degeneration. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic is causing dangerous effects on the mental health of the world population, some of which can be attributed to its social impact (social distancing, financial issues, and quarantine). There is also a concern that environmental stressors, enhanced by psychological factors, are contributing to the emergence of psychiatric outcomes during the pandemic. Although clinical studies and diagnosing SARS-CoV-2-related neurological disease can be challenging, they are necessary to help define the manifestations and burden of COVID-19 in neurological and psychiatric symptoms during and after the pandemic. This review aims to present the neurobiology of coronavirus and postmortem neuropathological hallmarks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline S. Generoso
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João L. Barichello de Quevedo
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Matias Cattani
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna F. Lodetti
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Sousa
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Allan Collodel
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre P. Diaz
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van den Ende ES, van Veldhuizen KDI, Toussaint B, Merten H, van de Ven PM, Kok NA, Nanayakkara PWB. Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Were Five Times More Likely to Suffer From Total Sleep Deprivation Compared to Non-COVID-19 Patients; an Observational Comparative Study. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:680932. [PMID: 34675762 PMCID: PMC8525610 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.680932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Sleeping disorders are a common complaint in patients who suffer from an acute COVID-19 infection. Nonetheless, little is known about the severity of sleep disturbances in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and whether these are caused by disease related symptoms, hospitalization, or the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the quality and quantity of sleep in hospitalized patients with and without COVID-19, and to determine the main reasons for sleep disruption. Methods: This was an observational comparative study conducted between October 1, 2020 and February 1, 2021 at the pulmonary ward of an academic hospital in the Netherlands. This ward contained both COVID-19-positive and -negative tested patients. The sleep quality was assessed using the PROMIS-Sleep Disturbance Short Form and sleep quantity using the Consensus Sleep Diary. Patient-reported sleep disturbing factors were summarized. Results: A total of 79 COVID-19 patients (mean age 63.0, male 59.5%) and 50 non-COVID-19 patients (mean age 59.5, male 54.0%) participated in this study. A significantly larger proportion of patients with COVID-19 reported not to have slept at all (19% vs. 4% of non-COVID-19 patients, p = 0.011). The Sleep quality (PROMIS total score) and quantity (Total Sleep Time) did not significantly differ between both groups ((median PROMIS total score COVID-19; 26 [IQR 17-35], non-COVID-19; 23 [IQR 18-29], p = 0.104), (Mean Total Sleep Time COVID-19; 5 h 5 min, non-COVID-19 mean; 5 h 32 min, p = 0.405)). The most frequently reported disturbing factors by COVID-19 patients were; 'dyspnea', 'concerns about the disease', 'anxiety' and 'noises of other patients, medical staff and medical devices'. Conclusion: This study showed that both patients with and without an acute COVID-19 infection experienced poor quality and quantity of sleep at the hospital. Although the mean scores did not significantly differ between groups, total sleep deprivation was reported five times more often by COVID-19 patients. With one in five COVID-19 patients reporting a complete absence of night sleep, poor sleep seems to be a serious problem. Sleep improving interventions should focus on physical and psychological comfort and noise reduction in the hospital environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva S. van den Ende
- Section General Internal Medicine Unit Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kim D. I. van Veldhuizen
- Section General Internal Medicine Unit Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Belle Toussaint
- Section General Internal Medicine Unit Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Merten
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter M. van de Ven
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Natasja A. Kok
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Prabath W. B. Nanayakkara
- Section General Internal Medicine Unit Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ominde B, Jaiyeoba-Ojigho JE, Igbigbi PS. Impact of Covid-19 on the Mental Health of Delta State University students, Nigeria. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021316. [PMID: 34487100 PMCID: PMC8477085 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i4.10600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a substantial psychological burden among students. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 on the mental health of university students and determining the prevalence of anxiety and depression. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study utilized an online questionnaire sent to students in the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University after ethical approval. The Generalized Anxiety and Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences and expressed using descriptive statistics and percentages. An independent t-test was used to determine the gender differences in the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores while Pearson's correlation was used to establish a relationship between these scores with age. RESULTS The 259 respondents comprised 118, 45.6% males and 141, 54.4% females with an average age of 21.50±2.04 years. The majority (149, 57.5%) were aged 21-25 years. The scores did not show significant differences in age and gender. Moderate to severe anxiety and depression was established in 22.4% and 28.2% of the respondents respectively. CONCLUSION This study has shown that the prevalence of anxiety and depression due to the pandemic bears no relationship with age and gender. This is however different from previous reports due to the differences in the sample size, resource setting, timing of the study, and the courses the students studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beryl Ominde
- Department of Human Anatomy, Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang SX, Huang H, Li J, Antonelli-Ponti M, de Paiva SF, da Silva JA. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7026. [PMID: 34209311 PMCID: PMC8297012 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is extremely severe, and Brazil has the third-highest number of cases in the world. The goal of the study is to identify the prevalence rates and several predictors of depression and anxiety in Brazil during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. We surveyed 482 adults in 23 Brazilian states online on 9-22 May 2020, and found that 70.3% of the adults (n = 339) had depressive symptoms and 67.2% (n = 320) had anxiety symptoms. The results of multi-class logistic regression models revealed that females, younger adults, and those with fewer children had a higher likelihood of depression and anxiety symptoms; adults who worked as employees were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than those who were self-employed or unemployed; adults who spent more time browsing COVID-19 information online were more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms. Our results provide preliminary evidence and early warning for psychiatrists and healthcare organizations to better identify and focus on the more vulnerable sub-populations in Brazil during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen X. Zhang
- Faculty of Professions, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Jizhen Li
- Research Center for Competitive Dynamics and Innovation Strategy, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Mayra Antonelli-Ponti
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil;
| | - Scheila Farias de Paiva
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto 49100-000, Brazil;
- Psychology Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Demissie DB, Bitew ZW. Mental health effect of COVID-19 pandemic among women who are pregnant and/or lactating: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211026195. [PMID: 34262762 PMCID: PMC8243107 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211026195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and social dysfunction among pregnant and/or lactating women and to measure the global pooled prevalence of mental health effects among these populations in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS Comprehensive literature searching was conducted and studies published from 1 January 2020 to 30 September 2020 reporting the prevalence of anxiety, depression; stress, insomnia, and social dysfunctions were included. The pooled prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and social dysfunctions was estimated using a random-effect model. In this study, all statistical analyses were performed using STATA (version 15) software. RESULTS There were a total of 19 studies included in the meta-analysis, of which 16, 14, 4, 2, and 2 studies were included in computing the pooled prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and social dysfunction, respectively. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was 33% (95% confidence interval: 50%-61%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 99.68%, p = 0.001). The pooled prevalence of depression was 27% (95% confidence interval: 9%-45%), with remarkable heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 99.29%, p = 0.001). Likewise, the pooled prevalence of stress was 56% (95% confidence interval: 30.07%-82.22%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 98.8%, p = 0.0001). The pooled prevalence of social dysfunction was 24.3% (95% confidence interval: 13.41%-62.03%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 97.5%, p = 0.0001) and finally, the pooled prevalence of insomnia was 33.53% (95% confidence interval: 3.05%-64.0%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 99.6%, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this study, the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant and lactating women were found to be significant. Stress was the most common mental health problem in these population groups. Therefore, policymakers and health planners should give great emphasis to addressing maternal mental well-being during and after this global health crisis. Maternal mental health must be one of the international and national public health priority agendas to enhance the well-being of pregnant and lactating women. Besides, giving psychological support to pregnant and lactating women may reduce the long-term negative effects of this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zebenay Workneh Bitew
- School of Nursing, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium
Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pires GN, Ishikura IA, Xavier SD, Petrella C, Piovezan RD, Xerfan EMS, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Sleep in Older Adults and Its Possible Relations With COVID-19. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:647875. [PMID: 34177550 PMCID: PMC8226324 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.647875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults have been found to be a highly vulnerable group, with a higher prevalence of severe cases and negative outcomes. Research has focused on the reasons why older adults are at greater risk; Sleep-related factors have been suggested as one possible explanation for this. An individual's sleep pattern undergoes significant changes over the course of their life. In older adults a specific sleep profile can be observed, one characterized by advanced sleep timing, a morningness preference, longer sleep-onset latency, shorter overall sleep duration, increased sleep fragmentation, reduced slow-wave sleep and, increased wake time after sleep onset. Additionally, an increased prevalence of sleep disorders can be observed, such as obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia. Previous research has already linked sleep disorders (especially sleep apnea) with COVID-19, but few studies have focused specifically on the older population. We believe that the intrinsic sleep patterns of older adults, and the prevalence of sleep disorders in this population, may be important factors that could explain why they are at a greater risk of negative COVID-19 outcomes. In this review, we discuss the relationship between sleep and COVID-19 among older adults, focusing on three different aspects: (1) Sleep-related issues that might increase the likelihood of getting infected by SARS-COV-2; (2) Sleep disturbances that might increase the predisposition to worse COVID-19 prognosis and outcomes; and (3) COVID-19-related aspects affecting community-dwelling older adults, such as social isolation, quarantine, and home confinement, among others, that might impact sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Doria Xavier
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Otolaryngology, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caetano Petrella
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ellen Maria Sampaio Xerfan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Molebatsi K, Musindo O, Ntlantsana V, Wambua GN. Mental Health and Psychosocial Support During COVID-19: A Review of Health Guidelines in Sub-Saharan Africa. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:571342. [PMID: 34093251 PMCID: PMC8172960 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.571342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought in its wake an unforeseen mental health crisis. The World Health Organization published a guideline as a way of supporting mental health and psychosocial well-being of different groups during this pandemic. The impact of the pandemic has pushed governments to put measures in place to curb not only the physical health of individuals but their mental health and psychosocial well-being as well. The aim of our paper was to review mental health guidelines of some Sub Saharan African (SSA) countries: (i) to assess their appropriateness for the immediate mental health needs at this time, (ii) to form as a basis for ongoing reflection as the current pandemic evolves. Guidelines were retrieved openly from internet search and some were requested from mental health practitioners in various SSA countries. The authors designed a semi structured questionnaire, as a self-interview guide to gain insight on the experience of COVID-19 from experts in the mental health sector in the various countries. While we used a document analysis approach to analyze the data, we made use of the Mental Health Preparedness and Action Framework to discuss our findings. We received health or mental health guidelines from 10 SSA countries. Cameroon, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda all had mental health guidelines or mental health component in their health guidelines. Our experts highlight that the mental health needs of the people are of concern during this pandemic but have not been given priority. They go further to suggest that the mental health needs are slightly different during this time and requiring a different approach especially considering the measures taken to curb the spread of disease. We conclude that despite the provision of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support guidelines, gaps still exist making them inadequate to meet the mental health needs of their communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keneilwe Molebatsi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Otsetswe Musindo
- Selibe Phikwe Government Hospital, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Selibe Phikwe, Botswana
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vuyokazi Ntlantsana
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Grace Nduku Wambua
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Both LM, Zoratto G, Calegaro VC, Ramos-Lima LF, Negretto BL, Hauck S, Freitas LHM. COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing: economic, psychological, family, and technological effects. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 43:85-91. [PMID: 34043896 PMCID: PMC8317552 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of social isolation is currently understood as a measure of epidemiological containment that aims to reduce the speed of spread of the disease, enabling health services to prepare their resources to cope with the likely increase in demand, while also seeking to provide additional protection to groups considered to be at higher risk. OBJECTIVE The present narrative review aims to compile and synthesize the literature related to social isolation produced during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. METHOD This study is a narrative review of the literature on social isolation in the context of the COVID- 19 pandemic. RESULTS 73 publications were included for full-text reading and were classified into the following categories: levels of social isolation, economic effects, family relationships, health system, mental health of the population, and use of technology. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to plan an escalation of responses to the consequences of the pandemic, especially in view of the increased demand on the health sector and social services. The negative effects of social isolation can be prevented by public policies that offer a response to the economic recession, maintenance of social work, encouragement of quality care in mental health services, and community support for vulnerable families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Maria Both
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do ComportamentoUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento
,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
(UFRGS),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
.
Brazil
.
| | - Gustavo Zoratto
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
Faculdade de Medicina
,
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
(UFSM),
Santa Maria
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| | - Vitor Crestani Calegaro
- Departamento de NeuropsiquiatriaUFSMSanta MariaRSBrazil
Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria
,
UFSM
,
Santa Maria
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| | - Luis Francisco Ramos-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do ComportamentoUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento
,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
(UFRGS),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
.
Brazil
.
- Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma PsicológicoHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma Psicológico
(NET-Trauma),
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
(HCPA),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| | - Bianca Lorenzi Negretto
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
Faculdade de Medicina
,
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
(UFSM),
Santa Maria
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| | - Simone Hauck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do ComportamentoUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento
,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
(UFRGS),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
.
Brazil
.
- Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma PsicológicoHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma Psicológico
(NET-Trauma),
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
(HCPA),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| | - Lucia Helena Machado Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do ComportamentoUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento
,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
(UFRGS),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
.
Brazil
.
- Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma PsicológicoHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil
Programa de Pesquisa e Tratamento de Trauma Psicológico
(NET-Trauma),
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
(HCPA),
Porto Alegre
,
RS
,
Brazil
.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Serpa ALDO, Costa DS, Ferreira CDMC, Pinheiro MIC, Diaz AP, de Paula JJ, Miranda DM, da Silva AG, Malloy-Diniz LF. Psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory support the hypothesis of a general psychopathological factor. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 44:e20210207. [PMID: 33760429 PMCID: PMC9972890 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The existence of a general factor related to psychiatric symptoms is supported by studies using a variety of methods in both clinical and non-clinical samples. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the replicability of the internal structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory in a large Brazilian sample. METHODS Participants were 6,427 Brazilian subjects (81% female). Mean age was 42.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 13.6, Min = 13, Max = 80). All participants completed the online version of the Brief Symptom Inventory. This scale presents a general score (GSI) and nine specific clusters of symptoms (depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, interpersonal sensibility, psychoticism, paranoid ideation, obsessive-compulsive behavior, hostility, and somatization symptoms). RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the factor structure of the BSI. The results showed that the best-fitting model was a bifactor solution and the general factor was the main dimension explaining most of the reliable variability in the data. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the BSI's internal structure was replicated in a non-clinical sample and that the general factor is the most reliable score. However, it is necessary to better understand the meaning of the general factor scores in a non-clinical sample to increase interpretability of scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira Serpa
- Laboratório de Neurociências Cognitiva e SocialUniversidade Presbiteriana MackenzieSão PauloSPBrazilLaboratório de Neurociências Cognitiva e Social, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,MetacognitivSão PauloSPBrazilMetacognitiv, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Souza Costa
- Laboratório de NeurociênciasFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazilLaboratório de Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Mayra Isabel C. Pinheiro
- SGTESMinistério da SaúdeBrasíliaDFBrazil Secretaria de Gestão do Trabalho e da Educação na Saúde (SGTES), Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Paim Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- MetacognitivSão PauloSPBrazilMetacognitiv, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de PsicologiaFaculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazilDepartamento de Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Debora Marques Miranda
- Departamento de PediatriaFaculdade de MedicinaUFMGBelo HorizonteMGBrazilDepartamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Geraldo da Silva
- Associação Brasileira de PsiquiatriaRio de JaneiroRJBrazilAssociação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Universidade do PortoPortoPortugalUniversidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade FUMECBelo HorizonteMGBrazilUniversidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde MentalFaculdade de MedicinaUFMGBelo HorizonteMGBrazilDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
da Silva AG, Serpa AL, Nardi AE, Kessler FHP, Pinheiro MI, Bezerra JC, Malloy-Diniz LF. Mental illnesses and their impact on the Brazilian workforce: an analysis of the cost of sick leave and pensions. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2021; 43:567-569. [PMID: 33759947 PMCID: PMC8639015 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio G da Silva
- Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio E Nardi
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang SX, Wang Y, Jahanshahi AA, Li J, Schmitt VGH. Early evidence and predictors of mental distress of adults one month in the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil. J Psychosom Res 2021; 142:110366. [PMID: 33494004 PMCID: PMC7816874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to provide early evidence of mental distress and its associated predictors among adults one month into the COVID-19 crisis in Brazil. METHODS We conducted an online survey of 638 adults in Brazil on March 25-28, 2020, about one month (32 days) cross-sectionally after the first COVID-19 case in South America was confirmed in São Paulo. The 638 adults were in 25 states out of the 26 Brazilian states, with the only exception being Roraima, the least populated state in the Amazon. Of all the participating adults, 24%, 20%, and 18% of them were located in Rio de Janeiro state, Santa Catarina state, and São Paulo state respectively. RESULTS In Brazil, 52% (332) of the sampled adults experienced mild or moderate distress, and 18.8% (120) suffered severe distress. Adults who were female, younger, more educated, and exercised less reported higher levels of distress. Each individual's distance from the Brazilian epicenter of São Paulo interacted with age and workplace attendance to predict the level of distress. The "typhoon eye effect" was stronger for people who were older or attended their workplace less. The most vulnerable adults were those who were far from the epicenter and did not go to their workplace in the week before the survey. CONCLUSION Identifying the predictors of distress enables mental health services to better target finding and helping the more mentally vulnerable adults during the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi
- CENTRUM Católica Graduate Business School (CCGBS), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Lima, Peru
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
da Silva AG, Pinheiro M, Trés LM, Malloy-Diniz LF. Working during pandemics: the need for mental health efforts to prevent the outbreak of mental disorders at the workplace. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 43:116-117. [PMID: 32876130 PMCID: PMC7861174 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio G da Silva
- Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Asociación Psiquiátrica de América Latina (APAL), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mayra Pinheiro
- Secretaria de Gestão do Trabalho e da Educação na Saúde (SEGETS) Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Letícia M Trés
- Secretaria de Gestão do Trabalho e da Educação na Saúde (SEGETS) Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Associação Brasileira de Impulsividade e Patologia Dual, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Simons C, Martin LA, Balcombe L, Dunn PK, Clark RA. Mental health impact on at-risk high-level athletes during COVID-19 lockdown: A pre-, during and post-lockdown longitudinal cohort study of adjustment disorder. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 24:329-331. [PMID: 33402273 PMCID: PMC8837901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Simons
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australia.
| | - Lisa A Martin
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australia
| | - Luke Balcombe
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australia
| | - Peter K Dunn
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australia
| | - Ross A Clark
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baldaçara L, da Silva AG, Pereira LA, Malloy-Diniz L, Tung TC. The Management of Psychiatric Emergencies in Situations of Public Calamity. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:556792. [PMID: 33643085 PMCID: PMC7905390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.556792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health problems in the general population during a public calamity is high. In calamities, the number of patients who present with mental disorder outbreaks or crises may increase, but the necessary support systems to help them may be impaired if they have not been planned for. Although there are several models for addressing psychiatric emergencies, the general rules are the same, especially when it comes to making these services easily available to the affected population. In this article, we seek to review and present recommendations for the management of psychiatric emergencies in situations of public calamity, including disasters, physical and medical catastrophes, epidemics, and pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Baldaçara
- Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Medicine, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, Brazil
| | - Antônio Geraldo da Silva
- Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucas Alves Pereira
- Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Psiquiatria, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Leandro Malloy-Diniz
- Mental Health Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Psychology Department, Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Teng Chei Tung
- Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ahmet’yanov M, Reikhert L, Kicherova O, Deeva M, Makarova D. Sleep Disorders in Patients After COVID-19. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:119-122. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2021121121119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
26
|
Perissotto T, da Silva TCRP, Miskulin FPC, Pereira MB, Neves BA, Almeida BC, Casagrande AV, Ribeiz SRI, Nunes PV. Mental health in medical students during COVID-19 quarantine: a comprehensive analysis across year-classes. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e3007. [PMID: 34231710 PMCID: PMC8240767 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic brought abrupt changes when quarantine measures were implemented. Most medical students had distance learning as their main content delivery mode, but in clerkship (fifth and sixth years), in-person activities were maintained under new protocols. These different modes may have affected student mental health. This study examines mental burden and empathy in medical students during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic according to the year of attendance. METHODS All students attending first to the sixth year in the same medical school were invited to participate. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were provided. RESULTS HADS scores for Anxiety and Depression (n=347) were 9.8±4.3 and 7.1±3.6, respectively; the SRQ-20 (n=373) score was 8.1±4.5; all scores were negatively correlated with the year of attendance. IRI (n=373) scores were: 2.6±0.5 (Empathic Concern), 2.7±0.7 (Perspective Taking), 2.5±0.9 (Fantasy), and 1.7±0.7 (Personal Distress). Fantasy was negatively correlated with the year of attendance. MAAS scores were positively correlated with the year of attendance. Worse mental health scores were found for first-year students across all scales. CONCLUSIONS We found high levels of mental burden in medical students in the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in first-year students, who may have fewer resources to deal with stress. Moreover, as they entered college a short time before the pandemic, they were unable to experience academic life fully or create important new social support networks to deal with adversities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Salma Rose Imanari Ribeiz
- Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiai, Jundiai, SP, BR
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Paula Villela Nunes
- Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiai, Jundiai, SP, BR
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht G. Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2020; 277:5-13. [PMID: 32777604 PMCID: PMC7395614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression symptoms in pregnancy typically affect between 10 and 25% of pregnant individuals. Elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of preterm birth, postpartum depression, and behavioural difficulties in children. The current COVID-19 pandemic is a unique stressor with potentially wide-ranging consequences for pregnancy and beyond. METHODS We assessed symptoms of anxiety and depression among pregnant individuals during the current COVID-19 pandemic and determined factors that were associated with psychological distress. 1987 pregnant participants in Canada were surveyed in April 2020. The assessment included questions about COVID-19-related stress and standardized measures of depression, anxiety, pregnancy-related anxiety, and social support. RESULTS We found substantially elevated anxiety and depression symptoms compared to similar pre-pandemic pregnancy cohorts, with 37% reporting clinically relevant symptoms of depression and 57% reporting clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety. Higher symptoms of depression and anxiety were associated with more concern about threats of COVID-19 to the life of the mother and baby, as well as concerns about not getting the necessary prenatal care, relationship strain, and social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher levels of perceived social support and support effectiveness, as well as more physical activity, were associated with lower psychological symptoms. CONCLUSION This study shows concerningly elevated symptoms of anxiety and depression among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, that may have long-term impacts on their children. Potential protective factors include increased social support and exercise, as these were associated with lower symptoms and thus may help mitigate long-term negative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
| | - Anna MacKinnon
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mercedes Bagshawe
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Gerald Giesbrecht
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Schuch FB, Bulzing RA, Meyer J, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Stubbs B, Grabovac I, Willeit P, Tavares VDO, Calegaro VC, Deenik J, López-Sánchez GF, Veronese N, Caperchione CM, Sadarangani KP, Abufaraj M, Tully MA, Smith L. Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Psychiatry Res 2020; 292:113339. [PMID: 32745795 PMCID: PMC7384423 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional study evaluating the associations of self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity, and sedentary behavior with depressive, anxiety, and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms (D&A) in self-isolating Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were collected using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI). Among the 937 participants (females=72.3%), those performing ≥30 min/day of moderate to vigorous or ≥15 min/day of vigorous physical activity had lower odds of prevalent depressive, anxiety, and co-occurring D&A symptoms. Those spending ≥10 h/day sedentary were more likely to have depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe B Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil..
| | - Rugero A Bulzing
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jacob Meyer
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vagner Deuel O Tavares
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Vitor C Calegaro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jeroen Deenik
- Scientific Research Department, GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristina M Caperchione
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kabir P Sadarangani
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile; Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago 8370057, Chile
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mark A Tully
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Balcombe L, De Leo D. An Integrated Blueprint for Digital Mental Health Services Amidst COVID-19. JMIR Ment Health 2020; 7:e21718. [PMID: 32668402 PMCID: PMC7407255 DOI: 10.2196/21718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In-person traditional approaches to mental health care services are facing difficulties amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis. The recent implementation of social distancing has redirected attention to nontraditional mental health care delivery to overcome hindrances to essential services. Telehealth has been established for several decades but has only been able to play a small role in health service delivery. Mobile and teledigital health solutions for mental health are well poised to respond to the upsurge in COVID-19 cases. Screening and tracking with real-time automation and machine learning are useful for both assisting psychological first-aid resources and targeting interventions. However, rigorous evaluation of these new opportunities is needed in terms of quality of interventions, effectiveness, and confidentiality. Service delivery could be broadened to include trained, unlicensed professionals, who may help health care services in delivering evidence-based strategies. Digital mental health services emerged during the pandemic as complementary ways of assisting community members with stress and transitioning to new ways of living and working. As part of a hybrid model of care, technologies (mobile and online platforms) require consolidated and consistent guidelines as well as consensus, expert, and position statements on the screening and tracking (with real-time automation and machine learning) of mental health in general populations as well as considerations and initiatives for underserved and vulnerable subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Balcombe
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Diego De Leo
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chhabra HS, Bagaraia V, Keny S, Kalidindi KKV, Mallepally A, Dhillon MS, Malhotra R, Rajasekharan S. COVID-19: Current Knowledge and Best Practices for Orthopaedic Surgeons. Indian J Orthop 2020; 54:411-425. [PMID: 32425237 PMCID: PMC7232909 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-020-00135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A mysterious cluster outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China in December 2019 was traced to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and declared a Pandemic by WHO on 11th March 2020. The pandemic has spread rapidly causing widespread devastation globally. PURPOSE This review provides a brief understanding of pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and management of COVID-19 and highlights the current knowledge as well as best practices for orthopaedic surgeons. These are likely to change as knowledge and evidence is gained. RESULTS Orthopaedic surgeons, like other front-line workers, carry the risk of getting infected during their practice, which as such is already substantially affected. Implementation of infection prevention and control as well as other safety measures for health care workers assumes great importance. All patients/visitors and staff visiting the hospital should be screened. Conservative treatment should be the first line of treatment except for those requiring urgent/emergent care. During lockdown all elective surgeries are to be withheld. All attempts should be made to reduce hospital visits and telemedicine is to be encouraged. Inpatient management of COVID-19 patients requires approval from concerned authorities. All patients being admitted to the hospital in and around containment zones should be tested for COVID-19. There are special considerations for anaesthesia with preference for regional anaesthesia. A separate Operation room with specific workflow should be dedicated for COVID-19 positive cases. CONCLUSIONS Despite the magnitude of challenge, the pandemic offers significant lessons for the orthopaedic surgeon who should seek the opportunity within the adversity and use this time wisely to achieve his/her Ikigai.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harvinder Singh Chhabra
- Department of Spine Service and Medical Director, Indian Spinal Injuries Center, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Vaibhav Bagaraia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, 431202 India
| | - Swapnil Keny
- Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai, 400008 India
- Sir H.N Reliance Hospital, Mumbai, 431202 India
| | | | - Abhinandan Mallepally
- Department of Spine Service, Indian Spinal Injuries Center, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | | | - Rajesh Malhotra
- J P N Apex Trauma Centre and COVID-19 Facility, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mello MTD, Silva A, Guerreiro RDC, da-Silva FR, Esteves AM, Poyares D, Piovezan R, Treptow E, Starling M, Rosa DS, Pires GN, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Sleep and COVID-19: considerations about immunity, pathophysiology, and treatment. Sleep Sci 2020; 13:199-209. [PMID: 33381288 PMCID: PMC7755266 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The fear and uncertainty caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, threats to survival are one of the main problems of everyday life; however, mental health care must also be considered a priority. During social isolation also called self-quarantine, the restricted mobility and social contact, concern about financial resources and availability of supplies, fear of infection, questions about the duration of self-quarantine, cause anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia and reduced the quality and quantity of sleep, that may present a greater risk to the health of the general population. Sleep disorders are increasingly becoming a major health issue in modern society, and are influenced by retinal stimulation by electronic devices, as well extended and/or night shift-work, which may aggravate the systemic and lung inflammation during viral infections. Sleep disorders can induce pro-inflammatory states and be harmful during the COVID-19 pandemic. The possible interactions between many drugs used to treat COVID-19, and those used to treat sleep disorders are unknown, mostly due to the lack of a standard protocol to treat these patients. Insufficient sleep or irregular sleep-wake cycles may impair health, immune system, induce pro-inflammation state, and may lead to increased vulnerability to viral infections, involving inflammatory and oxidative/antioxidant imbalance. In this sense, obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with recognized COVID-19 risk comorbidities and considered a risk factor for COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care cannot stop, and telemedicine has presented itself as an alternative method of delivering services. When a face-to-face visit is mandatory, or in locations with minimal community transmission where sleep centers have resumed activities, it is important that the sleep center facilities are properly prepared to receive the patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and follow all relevant safety rules. In this work we gathered a group of researchers, specialists in aspects related to chronobiology, sleep, sleep disorders, and the immune system. Thus, we conducted a narrative review in order to address the relationship between COVID-19 and sleep, as well as its immunological aspects and strategies that may be applied in order to mitigate the harmful effects on health that affects everyone during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Túlio De Mello
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Esportes - Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais - Brazil
| | - Andressa Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Esportes - Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais - Brazil
| | | | - Flavia Rodrigues da-Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Esportes - Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais - Brazil
| | - Andrea Maculano Esteves
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas - Limeira - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Dalva Poyares
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Piovezan
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Erika Treptow
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Marcelo Starling
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Esportes - Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais - Brazil
| | - Daniela Santoro Rosa
- Federal University of São Paulo, Departament of Microbiology, Imunology and Parasitology - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Gabriel Natan Pires
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
- Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia - São Paulo - São Paulo - Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Balhara YPS, Kattula D, Singh S, Chukkali S, Bhargava R. Impact of lockdown following COVID-19 on the gaming behavior of college students. Indian J Public Health 2020; 64:S172-S176. [PMID: 32496250 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_465_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The uncertainty about the impact of the lockdown in wake of COVID-19 on their future academic and carrier prospects, besides other concerns; makes college students, particularly vulnerable to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gaming has been recognized as a coping mechanism against stress in the previously published literature. Objectives The current study aimed to assess the gaming behavior of college students during the lockdown following COVID-19. Methods Data were collected from a cohort of students that constituted the sampling frame of an ongoing project. A total of 393 college students were enrolled. All the eligible students were subsequently contacted through E-mail and WhatsApp messenger and invited to share the details. Results About half (50.8%) of the participants reported that their gaming behavior had increased, whereas 14.6% reported a decrease in their gaming during the lockdown period. In binary logistic regression analysis, hours of gaming per day (odds ratio [OR] 1.75 [1.29-2.36]), increase in gaming due to examination related stress (OR 4.96 [1.12-21.98]), and belief that gaming helps managing stress (OR 4.27 [1.65-11.04]), were found to be independently associated with gaming behavior during lockdown period. Conclusion In the lockdown period following COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in gaming behavior was associated with examination-related stress and the belief that gaming helps combat stress. These observations highlight the need to focus on the coping style of the students to ascertain the likelihood of them engaging in gaming behavior as a coping mechanism against stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- Additional Professor, Behavioral Addictions Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dheeraj Kattula
- Senior Resident Doctor, Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swarndeep Singh
- Senior Resident Doctor, Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surekha Chukkali
- Associate Professor, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rachna Bhargava
- Additional Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gonzalez-Diaz JM, Lozano-Lesmes L, Campo-Arias A. Comment on "Mental health: why it still matters in the midst of a pandemic". ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:451. [PMID: 32491024 PMCID: PMC7430383 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jairo M Gonzalez-Diaz
- Centro Rosarista de Salud Mental (CERSAME), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lina Lozano-Lesmes
- Centro Rosarista de Salud Mental (CERSAME), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adalberto Campo-Arias
- Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Correa H, Malloy-Diniz LF, da Silva AG. Why psychiatric treatment must not be neglected during the COVID-19 pandemic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:449. [PMID: 32374799 PMCID: PMC7430377 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Correa
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|