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Galvão NMS, Matos SMAD, Almeida MDCCD, Gabrielli L, Barreto SM, Aquino EML, Schmidt MI, Amorim LDAF. Patterns of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in women from the ELSA-Brasil: a latent class analysis approach. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00039923. [PMID: 38088734 PMCID: PMC10715568 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen039923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify patterns of metabolic syndrome among women and estimate their prevalence and relationship with sociodemographic and biological characteristics. In total, 5,836 women were evaluated using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Patterns of metabolic syndrome were defined via latent class analysis, using the following metabolic abnormalities as indicators: abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced HDL cholesterol. The relationship between these patterns and individual characteristics was assessed using latent class analysis with covariates. Three patterns of metabolic syndrome were identified: high metabolic expression, moderate metabolic expression, and low metabolic expression. The first two patterns represented most women (53.8%) in the study. Women with complete primary or secondary education and belonging to lower social classes were more likely to have higher metabolic expression. Black and mixed-race women were more likely to have moderate metabolic expression. Menopausal women aged 50 years and older were more often classified into patterns of greater health risk. This study addressed the heterogeneous nature of metabolic syndrome, identifying three distinct profiles for the syndrome among women. The combination of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertension represents the main metabolic profile found among ELSA-Brasil participants. Sociodemographic and biological factors were important predictors of patterns of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ligia Gabrielli
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Estela M L Aquino
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Maria Inês Schmidt
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Bartoskova Polcrova A, Nieto-Martinez R, Mechanick JI, Maranhao Neto GA, Infante-Garcia MM, Pikhart H, Bobak M, Medina-Inojosa J, Gonzalez-Rivas JP. Comparison of social gradient in cardiometabolic health in Czechia and Venezuela: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069077. [PMID: 36931684 PMCID: PMC10030916 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the relationships of social determinants with cardiometabolic risk in different socioeconomic contexts: sociopolitically unstable Venezuela (VE) and stable Czechia (CZ). DESIGN cross-sectional analysis involving two population-based studies. SETTING Brno, Czechia and 23 cities of Venezuela. PARTICIPANTS 25-64 years old subjects from CZ (2013-2014, n=1579, 56% females) and VE (2014-2017, n=1652, 70% females). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The composite cardiometabolic risk score (CMRS) (scaled 0-8) was calculated using eight biomarkers (body mass index, waist circumference, blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides). Social characteristics included education in both countries, income in CZ and a composite measure of social position (SP) in VE. Sex stratified ordinal regression examined the social gradient in having less favourable CMRS. RESULTS In CZ, men and women with low education and women with low income had higher odds of higher CMRS compared with those with high education and income with OR 1.45 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.21), 2.29 (95% CI 1.62 to 3.24) and 1.69 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.35). In VE, women with low education and low SP had higher odds to have higher CMRS OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.97) and 1.51 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.97), while men with low education and low SP had lower odds to have higher CMRS OR 0.64 (95% CI 0.41 to 1.00) and 0.61 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.97), compared with those with high education and high SP. Independently of age, sex and socioeconomic characteristics, Venezuelans had higher odds to have higher CMRS than Czechs (OR 2.70; 95% CI 2.37 to 3.08). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the associations of socioeconomic status indices and cardiometabolic risk differed between CZ and VE, likely reflecting differences in the social environment among countries. Further research is needed to confirm and quantify these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bartoskova Polcrova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
- Departments of Global Health and Population and Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jeffrey I Mechanick
- The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health at Mount Sinai Heart, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Maria M Infante-Garcia
- International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Bobak
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jose Medina-Inojosa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Juan P Gonzalez-Rivas
- International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Departments of Global Health and Population and Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
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Saki N, Hashemi SJ, Hosseini SA, Rahimi Z, Rahim F, Cheraghian B. Socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome in Southwest Iran: results from Hoveyzeh Cohort Study (HCS). BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:332. [PMID: 36575435 PMCID: PMC9795639 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic status (SES) strongly predicts morbidity and premature mortality, especially for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the effect of these factors on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is not clear yet. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and MetS. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 10,009 people aged 35-70 enrolled from May 2016 to August 2018. The MetS was defined according to The Standard National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-adult treatment panel III (ATP III) or NCEP-ATP III criteria. Demographics and socioeconomic data were gathered face-to-face through trained interviews. Also, lab, anthropometrics, and blood pressure measurements were assayed for participants. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between SES and MetS, adjusted for the potential confounding factors. RESULTS The overall prevalence of MetS in the participants was 39.1%. The crude odds ratios were statistically significant for all the assessed variables (p < 0.05). After adjustment for age, sex, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use as potential confounders, the results indicated significant direct independent associations between skill level (p = 0.006) and Townsend index (p = 0.002) with MetS. In contrast, no significant associations between educational level and wealth status with MetS. CONCLUSION The results of our study showed that SES is related to MetS. Among the four assessed SES indicators, skilled levels and Townsend score are strongly associated with MetS. We recommend considering people's SES when interventional programs are planned and conducted on MetS in similar communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Saki
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fakher Rahim
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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de Siqueira Valadares LT, de Souza LSB, Salgado Júnior VA, de Freitas Bonomo L, de Macedo LR, Silva M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults in the last 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:327. [PMID: 35172790 PMCID: PMC8848905 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A cluster of interconnected cardiometabolic risk factors characterizes metabolic Syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide, but there is not a meta-analysis of this prevalence in the Brazilian population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult general population in Brazil through a meta‑analysis study. Methods Original research studies were searched at PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases, from 2011 to 2021. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool to assess the quality of included studies. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of MS. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were conducted for explored heterogeneity and used the Funnel Plot and Egger’s test to assess publication bias. The study was performed based on the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Results The search in electronic databases identified 1598 records. From this total, 26 studies were eligible to be included in the final analysis. The overall pooled prevalence among the general population of Brazil was 33% with high heterogeneity observed. By gender, the prevalences were 26% in males and 38% in females. By criteria that was used to define MS, the prevalence were 31% in NCEP ATP III, 25% in JIS, 37% in IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO and 33% in IDF criteria. The prevalence in different habitat was 34% in urban, 15% in rural, 28% in quilombola and 37% in indigenous. In different regions was 37% in the South, 30% in Southeast, 38% in North, 31% in Northeast and 39% in Midwest. The pooled prevalence of MS with age was < 45 years: 43% and ≥ 45 years: 42% and the prevalence based on year of study implementation was 31% in 2015–2019, 35% in 2010–2014 and 28% in 2005–2009. There were no statistically significant differences between subgroups. Most of the studies showed high quality assessment criteria’s except adequate sample size criteria and many studies participants were not sampled in an appropriate way. Conclusions Our review indicates a high prevalence of MS in the healthy Brazilian adult population, when compared to others countries and with a world estimate. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12753-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valdir Alves Salgado Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maísa Silva
- Department of Basic Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares Campus, Avenida Moacir Paleta, nº 1167, no bairro São Pedro.CEP 35020-360, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil.
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Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Wu C, Qin F, Yuan J. Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: a national cross-sectional study. Aging Male 2021; 24:148-159. [PMID: 34751610 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2021.1998432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, China has an increasingly aging population. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this high-risk population for metabolic diseases remains unknown. This study investigates the age- and gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of MetS in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. METHODS Data were collected and subjected to descriptive statistics. Further, univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relevant factors, and then multivariate logistic regression was selected to construct the final model. RESULTS A total of 10,834 participants were included in the present study. The overall prevalence of MetS is 32.97% as defined by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and 29.75% under National Cholesterol Education Program-The Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. With aging, the prevalence of MetS descends in males while ascends in females. In the >70 years old group, the prevalence of MetS is three times higher in females than that in males (50.43% versus 16.03%). Across all age groups and sexes, the prevalence of MetS in urban areas is significantly higher than in rural areas. Besides, regardless of gender, the prevalence of MetS is the highest for those living in the north region (28.41% for males and 51.74% for females) and the lowest for those living in the southwest region (13.91% for males and 31.58% for females). Finally, an afternoon nap has been identified as a positively associated factor, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been identified as a negatively associated factor (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of MetS varies in different age groups, sexes, living areas, and regions. An afternoon nap is positively associated with the prevalence of MetS, while BUN is negatively associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangchang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuxun Zhang
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjing Wu
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults and Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031303. [PMID: 33535582 PMCID: PMC7908119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has been considered a factor of vulnerability and a major public health problem because it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The present study from Amazonas, Brazil aimed to estimate the prevalence of the individual and general components of metabolic syndrome in adults and older adults and identify the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. The sample of the present cross-sectional study comprised 942 participants (590 women), with a mean age of 59.8 ± 19.7 (range: 17.5 to 91.8). Blood pressure in men (62.5%), abdominal obesity in women (67.3%), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in both (52.2% in men and 65.0% in women) were the most prevalent individual risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Women had a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity (p < 0.001), low HDL-C (p < 0.001), and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001) than men; however, opposite results were seen in men for blood pressure (p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 47.5%. Advanced age, being female, having a higher body mass index, and a having lower educational level independently increased the odds of metabolic syndrome. Due to the association of metabolic syndrome with deterioration of health status and increased vulnerability, this study sustains the need for early public health interventions in the Amazonas region.
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Costa ACDO, Duarte YADO, Andrade FBD. Metabolic syndrome: physical inactivity and socioeconomic inequalities among non-institutionalized Brazilian elderly. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2020; 23:e200046. [PMID: 32491048 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), physical activity and socioeconomic conditions among non-institutionalized elderly individuals. METHODOLOGY Cross-sectional study with, elderly individuals (≥ 60) living in the city of São Paulo. MetS was evaluated by means of the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria, the Adult Treatment Panel III. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed, followed by multiple logistic regression with a 5% significance level. An attributable fraction (AF) and a proportional attributable fraction (PAF) were calculated in relation to physical activity. The magnitude of the socioeconomic inequalities was evaluated using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 40.1%, and 23.3% of the individuals had at least one MetS' component. Physically inactive elderly had higher chances of having MetS. The prevalence of MetS was higher among those with lower education levels in both absolute and relative terms. AF and PAF were significant among the inactive individuals and for the total population. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that physical activity and schooling are significantly associated with MetS, highlighting the importance of these factors for the control of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina de Oliveira Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisa René Rachou, Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Ahmed A, Akhter J, Iqbal R, Jabbar A, Mawani M, Awan S, Samad Z, Shaikh PA, Salik M, Tuomilehto J. Prevalence and Associations of Metabolic Syndrome in an Urban High Diabetes Risk Population in a Low/Middle-Income Country. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:234-242. [PMID: 32366202 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to assess the burden of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and evaluate the phenotypic variation of MetS in a population at high risk for diabetes in urban Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This study was embedded in a lifestyle intervention trial for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study population comprised participants who belonged to urban households in Karachi, Pakistan. Results: Among 15,590 individuals who were screened through diabetes risk score (DRS), 3945 individuals met the criteria for a high DRS (≥60). After excluding 1780 participants due to refusals and ineligibility, 2165 were enrolled, a total of 1188 subjects (54.9%) met the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS, and a total of 1199 subjects (55.4%) participants met the US National Cholesterol Education Program. Raised serum triglycerides (TGs) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were significantly associated with MetS. On multivariate logistic regression, higher body mass index levels (obese category: odds ratio [OR] = 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56-2.95), age >44 years (OR = 2.64, 95% CI 1.93-3.60), and family history of diabetes in both parents (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.15-2.54) were found to be independently associated with MetS, whereas higher education (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.57-1.06) and physical activity levels (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.57-0.96) had lower odds of MetS. Conclusion: One in two individuals with a high DRS in an urban low/middle-income country setting met the criteria for MetS. Patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia defined as low HDL and high TGs represent unique subphenotypes of MetS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ahmed
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jaweed Akhter
- SETMA Diabetes Center, Beaumont, Texas, USA.,Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Minaz Mawani
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Safia Awan
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Samad
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Pereira GS, Bezerra IWL, de Souza AM, dos Santos ICC, Nogueira Silbiger V, Costa RM, Torres KG, Oliveira AG. Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Brazilian Workers' Food Program in Male and Female Manufacturing Workers. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3655-3666. [PMID: 33116717 PMCID: PMC7568591 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s264181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have reported increased cardiometabolic risk among workers assisted by food assistance public policies. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components among manufacturing workers and their relationship to the Brazilian Workers' Food Program (WFP). METHODS It was a prospective, cross-sectional, two-stage survey comparative of manufacturing workers from companies adherent and non-adherent to the WFP stratified by sector of activity and company size. The workers were interviewed in the workplace, and data on waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and 12-hours fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum triglycerides (TG), and total and HDL-cholesterol were obtained. Mixed effects multilevel regression was used to compare WFP and non-WFP groups separately in each sex. All subjects gave written informed consent. RESULTS The survey included 332 workers from 16 WFP companies and 344 workers from 17 non-WFP companies. The general prevalence of MetS, according to IDF/AHA/NHLBI criteria, was high but not statistically different between sexes (39.8% in females versus 28.5% for males, p=0.16). Statistically significant differences were found between sexes in the prevalence of individual components: WC (77.8% in females versus 38.3% in males, p=0.002), TG (27.3% in females versus 40.8% in males, p=0.07), and HDL-C (52.2% in females versus 43.1% in males, p=0.05). Among males, MetS prevalence was significantly higher in the WFP group (33.0% versus 23.9%, p=0.008), and, in the individual components, the WFP group had higher prevalence of increased WC (47.0% versus 29.4%, p<0.001) and elevated FBG (8.9% versus 6.3%, p<0.001), as well as greater average levels of TG, HDL-C and FBG. Among female workers, no statistically significant differences between groups were observed in MetS prevalence and its individual components, but WFP female worker presented lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION In a low-income population, male manufacturing workers participating in a food assistance program are at increased risk of MetS, an effect that was not identified among female workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Santana Pereira
- Post Graduation in Health Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Wilza Leal Bezerra
- Department of Nutrition, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Correspondence: Ingrid Wilza Leal Bezerra Department of Nutrition, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av Sen Salgado Filho 3000, Natal, RN59078-970, BrazilTel +55 84 988 218 964 Email
| | - Anissa Melo de Souza
- Post Graduation in Health Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Raiane Medeiros Costa
- Post Graduation in Health Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Karina Gomes Torres
- Post Graduation in Health Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio Gouveia Oliveira
- Post Graduation in Health Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Pharmacy Department, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Mussi RFDF, Petróski EL. Síndrome metabólica e fatores associados em quilombolas baianos, Brasil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:2481-2490. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018247.13982017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Este estudo buscou analisar a prevalência de Síndrome Metabólica (SM) e os fatores associados em adultos quilombolas. Estudo de base populacional com amostra de 850 adultos de ambos os sexos. A SM foi determinada pelo critério Joint Interim Statement. A regressão de Poisson foi usada para testar as associações, conforme modelo hierarquizado de análise. A prevalência de SM foi de 25,8% (Intervalo de Confiança de 95%: 22,8:28,7). Na análise múltipla permaneceram associados (p < 0,05) sexo, grupo etário, qualidade do sono, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e percentual de gordura (%G). Neste sentido, a presença da SM em adultos quilombolas se associa com o sexo feminino, faixa etária > 40 anos, má qualidade do sono, excesso de peso corporal e obesidade.
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Mussi RFDF, Petróski EL. Indicadores de obesidade: capacidade preditiva para síndrome metabólica em adultos quilombolas. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:2471-2480. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018247.19032017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade preditiva da síndrome metabólica (SM) por diferentes indicadores de obesidade (IO) em adultos quilombolas. Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 850 adultos (18 à 92 anos de idade) quilombolas residentes na microrregião geográfica de Guanambi/Bahia. Foram construídas curvas Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) entre os IO (percentual de gordura - %G; índice de adiposidade corporal – IAC; índice de massa corporal – IMC) e a SM. O equilíbrio entre sensibilidade e especificidade definiu os melhores pontos de corte preditores da SM pelos IO. Os três IO apresentaram capacidade preditiva para SM (curva ROC significativamente > 0,5). Entre as mulheres, o %G apresentou área sob a curva ROC (0,69 - IC95%: 0,65:0,73) significativamente maior que os demais IO. Entre os homens as áreas do %G e do IMC foram iguais (0,81 - IC95%: 0,76:0,85) e maiores que a do IAC. Os melhores pontos de corte dos IO para identificar a presença da SM respectivamente em mulheres e homens foram: 24,97 e 25,36 kg/m2 para IMC, 34,30 e 26,14% para IAC e 37,7 e 23,8% para %G. Os IO testados são válidos para rastrear a SM em adultos quilombolas a partir da utilização dos pontos de corte específicos para a população estudada.
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Blanquet M, Legrand A, Pélissier A, Mourgues C. Socio-economics status and metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1805-1812. [PMID: 31235098 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is responsible for an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Economic and social vulnerability is not an easy concept to grasp, but some studies investigate the association between MetS and socioeconomic and demographic factors, deprivation (more often correlations rather than causal one due to data). This work aims to assess the association between MetS and socio-economic gradient (SEG) in the literature by performing a meta-analysis. DESIGN The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement for systematic reviews were followed. SETTING The raw list of studies extracted from PubMed as regard to the inclusion/exclusion criteria was imported in Word. Studies were filed with regard to our three definitions of SEG and their title. PARTICIPANTS Subgroup analysis were performed considering several definitions of Mets: NCEP-ATPIII and IDF2006. RESULTS The overall multivariable-adjusted OR showed that the risk of MetS was significantly increased in association with SEG The results of the subgroup analysis showed an increased risk of MetS in association with SEG when IDF definition was considered. CONCLUSIONS Targeted interventions must be implemented in a specific way as prevention campaigns aimed at the general population are generally not adapted to this particular vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blanquet
- Service de Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; PEPRADE (Périnatalité, grossesse, Environnement, PRAtiques médicales et DEveloppement), EA 4681, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Legrand
- Service de Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; PEPRADE (Périnatalité, grossesse, Environnement, PRAtiques médicales et DEveloppement), EA 4681, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Pélissier
- LEDi (Laboratoire d'Economie de Dijon), EA 7467, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - C Mourgues
- DRCI (Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; PEPRADE (Périnatalité, grossesse, Environnement, PRAtiques médicales et DEveloppement), EA 4681, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Farias CRLD, Medeiros CCM, Souza DR, Costa IFAFD, Simões MODS, Carvalho DFD. Persistent metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 71:1013-1021. [PMID: 29924182 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to verify persistence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and components in overweight children and adolescents, as well as its relation to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and to the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score. METHOD a two-point longitudinal study: at enrollment and after a 24-month interval, with 133 individuals ages from two to 18 years. The demographic anthropomorphic and blood variables were evaluated. Analysis was carried out by simple and paired association tests, as well as multiple logistic regression. RESULTS persistent MetS was observed in 38.3% of the sample, associated cardiovascular risk (ACR) in 79.7%, reduction in arterial pressure and do HDL-c. After adjusting for age and sex, excess weight (ExpB: 0.182; CI: 0.059-0.561), low HDL-c (ExpB: 9.247; CI: 1.157-73.930) and high LDL-c (ExpB:1.915; CI: 0.921-3.979) were associated with persistent MetS. CONCLUSION persistent MetS was associated with obesity, HDL-c and LDL-c, but not with the PDAY score.
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Lira Neto JCG, Oliveira JFDSF, Souza MAD, Araújo MFMD, Damasceno MMC, Freitas RWJFD. PREVALÊNCIA DA SÍNDROME METABÓLICA E DE SEUS COMPONENTES EM PESSOAS COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-070720180003900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica e seus componentes em pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Método: estudo transversal com 201 pessoas cadastradas e acompanhadas em Unidades de Saúde. Foram investigadas variáveis sociodemográficas, antropométricas, clínicas e às relacionadas à Síndrome Metabólica. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, durante a consulta de enfermagem. Resultados: a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica de 46,3%, significativamente associada ao sexo feminino (p=0,001) e às pessoas com excesso de peso (p=0,001). Quando os componentes da síndrome foram analisados de forma isolada, as taxas de circunferência da cintura, glicemia de jejum, triglicerídeos e pressão arterial, se mostraram elevados em 62,0%, 58,5%, 55,8% e 49,8%, respectivamente. Já a taxa de HDL se mostrou baixa em 47,3%. Conclusão: com 46,3% dos investigados apresentando Síndrome Metabólica, atenção especial deve ser dada às mulheres e pessoas com excesso de peso, pois além de apresentarem percentuais significativamente maiores de Síndrome Metabólica, também apresentaram alterações nos principais componentes.
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Paschoal RS, Silva DA, Cardili RN, Souza CDS. Metabolic syndrome, C-reactive protein and cardiovascular risk in psoriasis patients: a cross-sectional study. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 93:222-228. [PMID: 29723366 PMCID: PMC5916394 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20186397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis has been associated with co-morbidities and elevated cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVES To analyze the relationships among metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk, C-reactive protein, gender, and Psoriasis severity. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, plaque Psoriasis patients (n=90), distributed equally in gender, were analyzed according to: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, cardiovascular risk determined by the Framingham risk score and global risk assessment, C-reactive protein and metabolic syndrome criteria (NCEPT-ATP III). RESULTS Metabolic syndrome frequency was 43.3% overall, without significance between genders (P=0.14); but women had higher risk for obesity (OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.02-6.41; P=0.04) and systemic arterial hypertension (OR 3.29, 95%CI 1.39-7.81; P=0.006). The increase in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index also increased the risk for metabolic syndrome (OR 1.060, 95%CI 1.006-1.117; P=0.03). Absolute 10-year cardiovascular risk was higher in males (P=0.002), but after global risk assessment, 51.1% patients, 52.2% women, were re-classified as high-intermediate cardiovascular risk; without significance between genders (P=0.83). C-reactive protein level was elevated nearly six-fold overall, higher in metabolic syndrome (P=0.05), systemic arterial hypertension (P=0.004), and high-intermediate 10-year cardiovascular risk patients (P<0.001); positively correlated to: Framingham risk score (P<0.001; r=0.60), absolute 10-year cardiovascular risk (P<0.001; r=0.58), and age (P=0.001; r=0.35); but not to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (P=0.14; r=0.16); increased the 10-year cardiovascular risk (R2=33.6; P<0.001), MetS risk (OR 1.17, 95%CI 0.99-1.37; P=0.05) and with age (P=0.001). HDL-cholesterol level was higher in normal C-reactive protein patients (t=1.98; P=0.05). STUDY LIMITATIONS Restricted sample, hospital-based and representative of a single center and no specification of psoriatic arthritis. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis, metabolic syndrome, systemic arterial hypertension and age share the increase in C-reactive protein, which could implicate in additional burden for increasing the cardiovascular risk and be an alert for effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Soriani Paschoal
- Postgraduate program of Internal Medicine Department, Faculdade de
Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) -
Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Daniela Antoniali Silva
- Division of Dermatology, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das
Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de
São Paulo (USP) - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Renata Nahas Cardili
- Division of Dermatology, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das
Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de
São Paulo (USP) - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Cacilda da Silva Souza
- Division of Dermatology, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das
Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de
São Paulo (USP) - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
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Espósito RC, de Medeiros PJ, Silva FDS, Oliveira AG, Soares Aragão CF, Oliveira Rocha HA, Moreira SA, de Farias Sales VS. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome according to different criteria in the male population during the Blue November Campaign in Natal, RN, Northeastern Brazil. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:401-408. [PMID: 30122967 PMCID: PMC6084070 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s168430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an aggregation of risk factors associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all-cause mortality. Information on MetS prevalence is scarce in the northeast region, Brazil. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of MetS according to different diagnostic criteria in a community sample of men during the November Blue Campaign living in the metropolitan area of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study on 500 men aged 40 years or older invited by the Blue November Campaign of 2015, an awareness program aimed at the prevention of male diseases. The evaluation included blood pressure, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and waist circumference), fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid profile. The diagnosis of MetS was made according to the criteria of International Diabetes Federation (IDF)/American Heart Association (AHA)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), IDF, and National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII). RESULTS The prevalence was high by considering the following three criteria: IDF/AHA/NHLBI (66.8%), IDF (60.0%), and NCEP-ATPIII (46.4%). Concordance between diagnostic criteria measured by the kappa statistic (k) was excellent between IDF/AHA/NHLBI and IDF (k=0.85, P<0.0001) and moderate between IDF/AHA/NHLBI and NCEP-ATPIII (k=0.59) and IDF and NCEP-ATPIII (k=0.54). CONCLUSION Prevalence of MetS in the male population was high using the three diagnostic criteria. IDF/AHA/NHLBI and IDF criteria have a high level of agreement, but NCEP-ATPIII criteria identify a lower number of MetS cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Carmen Espósito
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Development in Innovation Technogical in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil,
| | - Paulo Jose de Medeiros
- Division of Urology, Department of Integrated Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Souza Silva
- Urology Clinic University of Hospital Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio Gouveia Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande of Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Sueli Aparecida Moreira
- Hideas Feeding and Nutritional Security Research Group, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Valéria Soraya de Farias Sales
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Development in Innovation Technogical in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil,
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de Oliveira MFB, Yassuda MS, Aprahamian I, Neri AL, Guariento ME. Hypertension, diabetes and obesity are associated with lower cognitive performance in community-dwelling elderly: Data from the FIBRA study. Dement Neuropsychol 2017; 11:398-405. [PMID: 29354220 PMCID: PMC5769998 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-040009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic hypertension (SH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and abdominal obesity may negatively impact cognitive performance. Objective To evaluate the association between SH, DM and abdominal obesity and cognitive performance among cognitively unimpaired elderly. Methods A cross-sectional study of individuals aged 65+ from seven Brazilian cities was conducted. SH and DM diagnoses were self-reported and abdominal circumference was objectively measured. Individuals who scored below the education-adjusted cutoff scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were excluded. Results Among 2,593 elderly, 321 (12.38%) had SH, DM and abdominal obesity concomitantly (Group I) and 421 (16.23%) had none of the three diseases (Group II). Group I had a higher proportion of individuals that were women, aged 70-74 years, illiterate and with lower income. Group I had a higher number of participants with low cognitive performance (28.04% vs. 17.58% in Group II). Variables associated with poor cognitive performance were: female gender (OR: 2.43, p < 0.001); and lower education (OR: 0.410, p < 0.001). The presence of the three diseases and age were not significant in the education-adjusted model. Conclusion There was an association between cognition and the presence of SH, DM and obesity. However, education seems to be decisive in determining cognitive performance in the presence of these three conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Post-Graduate Program in Gerontology - Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Jundiaí, SP, Brazil.,Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anita Liberalesso Neri
- Post-Graduate Program in Gerontology - Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Guariento
- Post-Graduate Program in Gerontology - Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Cabral LS, Cherubini PA, de Oliveira MA, Bianchini L, Torres CM, Bianchin MM. Diagnostic Yield and Accuracy of Different Metabolic Syndrome Criteria in Adult Patients with Epilepsy. Front Neurol 2017; 8:460. [PMID: 28936195 PMCID: PMC5595158 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an emergent problem among patients with epilepsy. Here, we evaluate and compare the diagnostic yield and accuracy of different MetS criteria among adult patients with epilepsy to further explore the best strategy for diagnosis of MetS among patients with epilepsy. Materials and methods Ninety-five epileptic adults from a tertiary epilepsy reference center were prospectively recruited over 22 weeks in a cross-sectional study. MetS was defined according to five international criteria used for the diagnosis of the condition [ATP3, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), AHA/NHLBI, and harmonized criteria]. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPVs), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve were estimated for each criterion. Results In our sample, adult patients with epilepsy showed a high prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. However, the prevalence of MetS was significantly different according to each criterion used, ranging from 33.7%, as defined by AACE, to 49.4%, as defined by the harmonized criteria (p < 0.005). IDF criteria showed the highest sensitivity [S = 95.5% (95% CI 84.5–99.4), p < 0.05] and AACE criteria showed the lowest sensitivity and NPV [S = 68.2% (95% CI 52.4–81.4), p < 0.05; NPV = 75.8% (95% CI 62.3–86.1), p < 0.05]. ROC curve for all criteria studied showed that area under curve (AUC) for IDF criterion was 0.966, and it was not different from AUC of harmonized criterion (p = 0.092) that was used as reference. On the other hand, the use of the other three criteria for MetS resulted in significantly lower performance, with AUC for AHA/NHLBI = 0.920 (p = 0.0147), NCEP/ATP3 = 0.898 (p = 0.0067), AACE = 0.830 (p = 0.00059). Conclusion Our findings suggest that MetS might be highly prevalent among adult patients with epilepsy. Despite significant variations in the yield of different criteria, the harmonized definition produced the highest prevalence rates and perhaps should be preferred. Correct evaluation of these patients might improve the rates of detection of MetS and foster primary prevention of cardiovascular events in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Scotta Cabral
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Abrahim Cherubini
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Amaral de Oliveira
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larissa Bianchini
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Machado Torres
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Tratamento de Epilepsia Refratária (CETER), Department of Neurology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marino Muxfeldt Bianchin
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurology (BRAIN), Experimental Research Centre, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Tratamento de Epilepsia Refratária (CETER), Department of Neurology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bortoletto MSS, Souza RKTD, Cabrera MAS, González AD. Síndrome metabólica, componentes e fatores associados em adultos de 40 anos ou mais de um município da Região Sul do Brasil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1414-462x201600010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica (SM), de seus componentes e fatores associados em adultos de 40 anos ou mais. Métodos Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 1.180 residentes em um município brasileiro de médio porte da Região Sul. Realizaram-se entrevistas domiciliares, avaliações antropométricas e exames laboratoriais. A SM foi definida de acordo com o critério harmonizado de 2009. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de utilização de serviços de saúde. Utilizaram-se o teste de qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e teste de Wald na análise de múltiplos fatores pela regressão de Poisson. Resultados Entre os entrevistados, 959 (81,3%) realizaram exames laboratoriais e medidas antropométricas. A prevalência de SM foi de 53,7%, mais elevada em mulheres e em idades mais avançadas. A presença de cinco componentes da SM foi observada em 12% dos participantes (15,8% mulheres e 7,3% homens). Após ajustes, apenas a idade se associou à SM. Conclusão A elevada prevalência de SM e de seus componentes, distinta em cada sexo e grupo etário, aponta a necessidade de ações de enfrentamento com abordagens coletivas e estabelecimento de metas terapêuticas individuais.
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de Oliveira A, Hermsdorff HH, Cocate PG, Santos EC, Bressan J, Natali AJ. Accuracy of plasma interleukin-18 and adiponectin concentrations in predicting metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic disease risk in middle-age Brazilian men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40:1048-55. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this cross-sectional study were to explore the ability of serum interleukin 18 (IL-18) and adiponectin to identify metabolic syndrome (MetS), and to verify their association with an index of central lipid overaccumulation (lipid accumulation product (LAP)) and cardiometabolic risk factors in a population of middle-aged Brazilian men. A group of 218 apparently healthy middle-aged Brazilian men (age, 50.3 ± 4.97 years) underwent anthropometric, clinical, sociodemographic, and standard serum biochemical assessments. LAP was calculated and the study participants were categorized into 3 groups according to serum IL-18 and adiponectin cut-points tertiles to verify the association of these biomarkers with cardiometabolic risk factors. The MetS group had more less active (p = 0.03) and obese (p < 0.01) individuals who exhibited higher IL-18 (p < 0.01) and lower adiponectin (p < 0.01) than did those in the group with no MetS. After adjustments (age, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, and total body fat), serum IL-18 ≥ 336.4 pg/mL was an independent factor for MetS occurrence and it was directly associated with LAP (≥51.28), central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension (p < 0.05), but not with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Serum adiponectin ≥ 7.02 μg/mL was negatively associated with MetS occurrence, LAP, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C (p < 0.05), but not with central obesity and hypertension. In conclusion, both IL-18 and adiponectin demonstrated the ability to identify MetS in this population, with IL-18 being more accurate. The association of these biomamarkers with LAP and cardiometabolic risk factors highlights its relevance as a diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education Science and Health, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Hermsdorff
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula G. Cocate
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliziaria C. Santos
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio José Natali
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Moreira GC, Cipullo JP, Ciorlia LAS, Cesarino CB, Vilela-Martin JF. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome: association with risk factors and cardiovascular complications in an urban population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105056. [PMID: 25180496 PMCID: PMC4152120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of cardiovascular risk factors and type 2 diabetes, responsible for a 2.5-fold increased cardiovascular mortality and a 5-fold higher risk of developing diabetes. Objectives 1-to evaluate the prevalence of MS in individuals over 18 years associated with age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational levels, body mass index (BMI), HOMA index and physical activity; moreover, to compare it to other studies; 2-to compare the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP), high triglycerides and plasma glucose levels, low HDL cholesterol and high waist circumference among individuals with MS also according to gender; 3-to determine the number of risk factors in subjects with MS and prevalence of complications in individuals with and without MS aged over 40 years. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1369 Individuals, 667 males (48.7%) and 702 females (51.3%) was considered to evaluate the prevalence of MS and associated factors in the population. Results The study showed that 22.7% (95% CI: 19.4% to 26.0%) of the population has MS, which increases with age, higher BMI and sedentary lifestyle. There was no significant difference between genders until age ≥70 years and social classes. Higher prevalence of MS was observed in lower educational levels and higher prevalence of HOMA positive among individuals with MS. The most prevalent risk factors were elevated blood pressure (85%), low HDL cholesterol (83.1%) and increased waist circumference (82.5%). The prevalence of elevated BP, low HDL cholesterol and plasma glucose levels did not show significant difference between genders. Individuals with MS had higher risk of cardiovascular complications over 40 years. Conclusion The prevalence of MS found is similar to that in developed countries, being influenced by age, body mass index, educational levels, physical activity, and leading to a higher prevalence of cardiovascular complications after the 4th decade of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Cipullo Moreira
- Internal Medicine Department, Hypertension Clinic, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Cipullo
- Internal Medicine Department, Hypertension Clinic, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Souza Ciorlia
- Internal Medicine Department, Hypertension Clinic, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bernardi Cesarino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hypertension Clinic, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Fernando Vilela-Martin
- Internal Medicine Department, Hypertension Clinic, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in women aged 35 to 65 years who were enrolled in a family health program in Brazil. Menopause 2014; 20:470-6. [PMID: 23211876 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e318272c938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women aged 35 to 65 years and to identify associated factors. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. We randomly selected 581 women (aged 35-65 y) from among those enrolled in a family health program in the city of Pindamonhangaba, Brazil. Metabolic syndrome was identified in accordance with the definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Health conditions and lifestyle habits were evaluated by a survey, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was estimated, and Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between metabolic syndrome `and the factors investigated. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 42.2% (95% CI, 38.1-46.2). The most common metabolic syndrome component was abdominal obesity (60.6%), followed by low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (51.3%), high levels of triglycerides (41.4%), high blood pressure (31.7%), and diabetes (13.9%). The following factors were associated with metabolic syndrome: the 45- to 54-year age group (prevalence ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.08-2.01), the 55- to 65-year age group (prevalence ratio, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.49-3.10), hyperuricemia (prevalence ratio, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.15-1.86), and sleep apnea risk (prevalence ratio, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.16-1.82). We found an inverse association between metabolic syndrome and having had more than 5 years of schooling (prevalence ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.65-1.04). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is high, and the associated clinical factors are hyperuricemia and risk of sleep apnea.
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Thanakun S, Watanabe H, Thaweboon S, Izumi Y. Comparison of salivary and plasma adiponectin and leptin in patients with metabolic syndrome. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2014; 6:19. [PMID: 24528653 PMCID: PMC3926677 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship of saliva with plasma protein levels makes saliva an attractive diagnostic tool. Plasma levels of adiponectin and leptin in healthy individuals or diabetes mellitus patients have been previously reported. Nevertheless, salivary levels of these adipocytokines in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) have never been investigated. This study was aimed to determine adiponectin and leptin levels in saliva and plasma from patients with metabolic syndrome, and evaluate any correlation of these levels with MS. METHODS Forty-six healthy and 82 MS patients were enrolled. Demographic data and blood biochemistries were recorded. Saliva and plasma adiponectin and leptin levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Adiponectin and leptin were higher in plasma than in saliva (p < .001). Plasma adiponectin was decreased and plasma leptin increased in patients with MS (p < .001). Salivary adiponectin and salivary leptin were not different between healthy subjects and MS patients (p = .619 and p = .523). Correlation between salivary and plasma adiponectin showed significant association (r = .211, p = .018) while salivary and plasma leptin had no correlation (r = -.161, p = .069). Significant correlation was observed between the salivary adiponectin/salivary leptin ratio and plasma adiponectin (r = .371, p < .001), but not with any component of MS. Increased triglyceride and waist circumference were associated with risk of having a low level of plasma adiponectin (OR = 1.009; 95% CI 1.002-1.015 and OR = 1.125; 95% CI 1.029-1.230). For leptin, body mass index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were associated with a high level of plasma leptin (OR = 1.621; 95% CI 1.212-2.168 and OR = .966; 95% CI .938-.996). The OR for MS as predicted by plasma adiponectin was .928 (95% CI .881-.977). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that salivary adiponectin and leptin do not correlate with MS. Although correlation between salivary and plasma adiponectin was observed, no association with MS was observed. Only plasma adiponectin may be useful for the prediction of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supanee Thanakun
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yodhi Str., Rajthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Dental Center, Golden Jubilee Medical Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hisashi Watanabe
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sroisiri Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program for Tooth and Bone Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bangkok, Japan
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de Carvalho Vidigal F, Bressan J, Babio N, Salas-Salvadó J. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1198. [PMID: 24350922 PMCID: PMC3878341 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. It has been demonstrated that the prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide. Despite the importance of MS in the context of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, few studies have described the prevalence of MS and its determinants in Latin America. The present study aims to assess studies describing the prevalence of MS in Brazil in order to determine the global prevalence of the syndrome and its components. Methods Systematic review. Searches were carried out in PubMed and Scielo from the earliest available online indexing year through May 2013. There were no restrictions on language. The search terms used to describe MS were taken from the PubMed (MeSH) dictionary: “metabolic syndrome x”, “prevalence” and “Brazil”. Studies were included if they were cross-sectional, described the prevalence of MS and were conducted in apparently healthy subjects, from the general population, 19-64 years old (adult and middle aged) of both genders. The titles and abstracts of all the articles identified were screened for eligibility. Results Ten cross-sectional studies were selected. The weighted mean for general prevalence of MS in Brazil was 29.6% (range: 14.9%-65.3%). Half of the studies used the criteria for clinical diagnosis of MS proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) (2001). The highest prevalence of MS (65.3%) was found in a study conducted in an indigenous population, whereas the lowest prevalence of MS (14.9%) was reported in a rural area. The most frequent MS components were low HDL-cholesterol (59.3%) and hypertension (52.5%). Conclusions Despite methodological differences among the studies selected, our findings suggested a high prevalence of MS in the Brazilian adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
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