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da Silva ADS, Brito FDSB, dos Santos DM, Adegboye ARA. Use of Digital Tools for the Assessment of Food Consumption in Brazil: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1399. [PMID: 38732645 PMCID: PMC11085537 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This is a scoping review on mapping the use of digital tools to assess food consumption in Brazil. Searches were carried out in nine electronic databases (Medline, Lilacs, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, Ovid, Free Medical Journal and Crossref) to select studies published from October 2020 to December 2023. This review identified forty-eight digital tools in the 94 publications analyzed, the most frequent being web-based technologies (60%) and mobile devices (40%). Among these studies, 55% (n = 52) adopted a population-based approach, while 45% (n = 42) focused on specific regions. The predominant study design observed was cross-sectional (n = 63). A notable trend observed was the increasing frequency of validation studies in recent years. Although the use of digital tools in the assessment of food consumption in Brazil has grown in recent years, studies did not describe the process of creating and validating the tools, which would contribute to the improvement of data quality. Investments that allow the expansion of the use of the internet and mobile devices; the improvement of digital literacy; and the development of open-access tools, especially in the North and Northeast regions, are challenges that require a concerted effort towards providing equal opportunities, fostering encouragement, and delving deeper into the potential of digital tools within studies pertaining to food consumption in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane dos Santos da Silva
- Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier Street, 524, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.d.S.); (D.M.d.S.)
| | - Flávia dos Santos Barbosa Brito
- Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier Street, 524, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.d.S.); (D.M.d.S.)
| | - Debora Martins dos Santos
- Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier Street, 524, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.d.S.); (D.M.d.S.)
| | - Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience (CAWR), Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK
- Centre for Healthcare Research, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
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Braga RAM, Bezerra IN, Nogueira MDDA, Souza ADM, Martins GDS, Almondes KGDS, Moreno LA, Maia CSC. Cardiometabolic risk assessment: A school-based study in Brazilian adolescent. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1069-1079. [PMID: 38220511 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recently, new indices combining routine and low-cost anthropometric and biochemical measurements have emerged. Among them, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are being investigated for the prediction of altered blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) and height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP) are predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a cross-sectional, national, multicenter, school-based survey conducted between 2013 and 2014 in Brazil. The sample consisted of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years of both genders attending the last 3 years of elementary or secondary school from public and private schools located in 273 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A Poisson regression was performed to verify associations between VAI and HLAP indices and the presence of altered BP and IR according to sex. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to compare the predictive ability and determine the cut-off points of the VAI and HLAP indices in identifying cardiometabolic risk obtained by altered BP and IR. The prevalences of altered BP and IR were 24.49 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 23.14-25.87) and 24.22 % (95 % CI: 22.70-25.80), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The VAI and HLAP indices are good predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. HLAP showed better performance in identifying insulin resistance in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda de Moura Souza
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carla Soraya Costa Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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Araujo-Moura K, Nascimento-Ferreira MV, Schaan B, Bloch K, de Carvalho K, Cureau F, Ferreira De Moraes AC. Serum Vitamin D Levels Mediate the Association Between Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:333-340. [PMID: 38253051 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with low levels of vitamin D are associated with cardiovascular risks, such as elevated blood pressure (BP), and are; therefore, more likely to develop hypertension. Patients with vitamin D deficiency may face an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In this study, a multicenter, cross-sectional, and school-based investigation was conducted as part of the ERICA project. The sample comprised 1152 adolescents aged 12-17 years from 4 Brazilian cities. Anthropometric variables, BP measurements, and hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were assessed. A 2-level linear regression was fitted to examine the relationship between each level of BP and independent variables. Our findings indicate that movement behaviors were not associated with BP levels, with the exception of sleep time, which demonstrated a positive association. However, after adjustment, this association was found to be nonsignificant. Our study's mediation analysis revealed that vitamin D mediates up to 12.9% of the association between physical activity and systolic BP. Vitamin D is inversely associated with BP in adolescents. In addition to mediating the physical activity and systolic BP association, engaging in physical activity, particularly outdoors, can provide a dual benefit for adolescents by increasing serum vitamin D levels and assisting in the control of BP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisyanne Araujo-Moura
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate Program in Public Health and Graduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- YCARE (Youth/Child and cArdiovascular Risk and Environmental) Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Nascimento-Ferreira
- YCARE (Youth/Child and cArdiovascular Risk and Environmental) Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- HEALth, pHYsical Activity and Behavior ReseArch (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus Miracema, Miracema, TO, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Schaan
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kátia Bloch
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kênia de Carvalho
- Human Nutrition Program, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cureau
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto César Ferreira De Moraes
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health in Austin, Department of Epidemiology, Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Austin, TX, USA
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Niskier SR, Snaychuk LA, Kim HS, da Silva TT, de Souza Vitalle MS, Tavares H. Adolescent Screen Use: Problematic Internet Use and the Impact of Gender. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:18-27. [PMID: 38198828 PMCID: PMC10822745 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between screen use and problematic internet use (PIU; i.e., internet addiction) amongst adolescents has not been sufficiently explored. Further, there is even less research on how gender is associated with this relationship. The goal of the study was to examine adolescent screen use, PIU, and its impact on day-to-day routines of adolescents. METHODS Participants were recruited from an outpatient pediatric clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 180 adolescents completed questionnaires related to their screen use, extracurricular activities, and symptoms of PIU. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to determine correlates and predictors of PIU, and to explore gender differences. RESULTS A total of 26.1% of adolescents met the criteria for PIU. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in PIU severity. However, there were significant gender differences in preferred use of the Internet, with boys being more likely to access the Internet to play video games (odds ratio [OR]=27.1) and girls being more likely to socialize with friends (OR=4.51). PIU severity increased proportionally to the number of hours of use of all screen devices with moderate-to-large effect sizes (η2=0.060-0.157). Using screens during meals and missing extracurricular activities were both associated with PIU. CONCLUSION Though gender was not associated with PIU, both excessive use of screen devices during meals and neglect of offline extracurriculars activities were identified as risk factors for PIU. Prevention measures should consider the impact of gender and associated patterns of motivation and Internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Rejane Niskier
- Adolescent Medicine Outpatient Program, Pediatrics Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
- Impulse Control Disorder and Behavioral Addictions Outpatient Unit (PRO-AMITI), Institute of Psychiatry (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hyoun S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Thiago T. da Silva
- Adolescent Medicine Outpatient Program, Pediatrics Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle
- Adolescent Medicine Outpatient Program, Pediatrics Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Impulse Control Disorder and Behavioral Addictions Outpatient Unit (PRO-AMITI), Institute of Psychiatry (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Barros AKC, de Jesus GM, Vieira GO, Dias LA. Use of screens and intake of unhealthy food among children and adolescents: association with physical activity in a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:104. [PMID: 37723539 PMCID: PMC10507888 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intake of unhealthy food taken on very regular basis may bring even further negative impact on health if associated with excessive time using of screen-based electronic devices. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between the use of different types of screen-based devices and the intake of unhealthy foods amongst children and adolescents and to determine whether daily physical activity (DPA) has a moderating effect on the association. METHODS Cross-sectional study carried out with a probabilistic sample of students from second to fifth grade of public elementary schools in Feira de Santana, Bahia (n = 2,477; girls: 53.2%; age: 9.1 ± 1.38 years; BMI z-score 0.37 ± 4.19 Kg/m²). Food intake, screen use, and physical activity were assessed using an online questionnaire based on previous day recall (Web-CAAFE). Prevalence Ratios (PR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) were estimated via multiple zero-inflated negative binomial regression, with adjustments for sex, age, and weekly frequency of school meal intake. The moderating effect of DPA was verified by inserting interaction terms with each screen-based device individually and with the daily sum of screen-based device exposure (∑ Screens). RESULTS The majority of students (72.2%) reported using screens. The intake of unhealthy foods was positively associated with the use of cell phones (PR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.13-1.30), computers (PR = 1.33; 95%CI = 1.22-1.46), and video games (PR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.22-1.52). TV use was inversely associated with intake of unhealthy foods (PR = 0.92; 95%CI = 0.87-0.99). DPA moderated the effect of video game use on intake of unhealthy foods, that is, among students with DPA ≥ 4 who used video games, the intake of unhealthy foods was 21% lower (PR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0. 65-0.97). Overall, ∑ Screen-based devices were associated with a 20% increase in intake of unhealthy foods. CONCLUSION The intake of unhealthy foods was positively associated with the use of cell phones, computers, and video games. In addition, a frequency of four or more DPA attenuated the effect of video game exposure on intake of unhealthy foods. Upcoming investigations on the use of screen-based devices and the intake of unhealthy foods among schoolchildren should consider the exposure to different types of screen-based devices, as well as the influence of DPA.
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Oliveira JS, de Menezes RCE, Mendes LL. Editorial: Dietary practices, food consumption and nutritional status of children and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1248337. [PMID: 37564423 PMCID: PMC10411336 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1248337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Souza Oliveira
- Nutrition Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
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Tozo TAA, Pereira BO, Brand C, Tadiotto MC, Moreira CMM, Leite N. Adolescents who practice physical activity have adequate food choices, regardless of the level of somatic maturation and adiposity. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023:jpem-2023-0002. [PMID: 37071811 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regular physical activity and adequate food are part of a healthy lifestyle for the maintenance of physical and metabolic health. To verify the moderating role of physical activity (PA) in the relationship between dietary patterns and body adiposity in adolescents, according to somatic maturation. METHODS Study with cross-sectional design, sample of 336 adolescents of both sexes, aged between 11 and 17 years. Body mass, height, and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score (BMI-z), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and somatic maturation by peak height velocity (PHV) were calculated. The level of PA was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and dietary pattern by the Food Frequency Questionnaire ELSA - Brazil (short version). Moderation analyzes were tested using multiple linear regression models, by PROCESS macro for SPSS. RESULTS An inverse interaction of PA was observed in the relationship between food consumption factor 5 (ultra-processed foods category) and WC in boys categorized as pre-pubertal and pubertal PHV (β=-5.344; CI95 % -10.108 -0.580; p=0.028). For girls, no interaction was observed in any of the models analyzed. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that the level of PA can influence food choices in prepubertal and pubertal boys, since the active boys showed better dietary pattern and lower central adiposity. Therefore, the findings reinforce the need to encourage the regular practice of physical activities from an early age, mainly aimed at preventing obesity in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Maiara Cristina Tadiotto
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carla Marisa Maia Moreira
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Neiva Leite
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
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Sacramento JT, Menezes CSAD, Brandão MD, Broilo MC, Vinholes DB, Raimundo FV. Association between time of exposure to screens and food consumption of children aged 2 to 9 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2023; 41:e2021284. [PMID: 36102401 PMCID: PMC9462410 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify and map families’ time of exposure to screens during the COVID-19 pandemic and to associate it with the frequency of children’s food consumption. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with parents or guardians of children aged between 2 and 9 years through an online questionnaire. The participants answered questions about socioeconomic data, family’s screen habits, and children’s food consumption. Results: A total of 517 parents or guardians participated in the research. Children’s median age when first exposed to screens was 6 months (interquartile range: 1–12 months). The average number of hours that children and guardians/parents were exposed to electronic devices was 3.9±2.3 and 9.0±2.9 respectively. As for food consumption, 60.9% of the guardians/parents and 54.3% of the children had the habit of having meals in front of screens. In addition, the consumption of snacks outside mealtimes, while using screens, was frequent in both groups. Conclusions: Children aged 2 to 9 years are excessively exposed to screens and the consumption of meals or snacks while using the devices is frequent. Considering the current demands of the pandemic, the necessity of using electronic devices is understandable. However, the authors emphasize the importance to educate families regarding limiting the use of screens, especially during meals, and monitoring the content of activities with electronic devices, as this exposure can influence food consumption and affect children’s nutritional status and health.
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Alves RL, Toral N, Gonçalves VSS. Individual and Socioeconomic Contextual Factors Associated with Obesity in Brazilian Adolescents: VigiNUTRI Brasil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:430. [PMID: 36612753 PMCID: PMC9819061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the association of socioeconomic contextual factors of the municipality of residence of adolescents, their eating behavior and food consumption with the prevalence of obesity. This was a cross-sectional study, based on individual data regarding anthropometry, eating behavior (eating in front of screens and having at least three main meals a day), and markers of healthy and unhealthy eating of 23,509 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, participating in the Food and Nutrition Surveillance of the Brazilian Population monitored in Primary Health Care (VigiNUTRI Brasil) assessment in 2018. Based on multilevel Poisson regression, a higher prevalence of obesity was observed among adolescents living in municipalities with per capita income above USD209.68 (PR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.05;1.42) and among those who consumed hamburgers and/or processed meats the previous day (PR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.01;1.17). Adolescents who had the habit of having three main meals a day (PR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.73;0.89 p < 0.05) and who consumed fresh fruit the previous day (PR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.84;0.98 p < 0.001) had lower prevalence of obesity. The results reinforce the influence of the social context and food consumption on obesity rates. The persistence of this situation implies a worsening in the current and future health of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Lemos Alves
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Natacha Toral
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Neves FS, Fontes VS, Nogueira MC, Pereira PMDL, de Faria ER, Netto MP, Oliveira RMS, Cândido APC. Eating contexts and their associations with socio-demographic factors in Brazilian adolescents (EVA-JF Study). Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:1-13. [PMID: 35993174 PMCID: PMC10131148 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002200180x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the eating contexts and estimate their associations with socio-demographic factors in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. We used an exploratory questionnaire about eating contexts (encompassing regularity of meals, places where they occur and if they take place with attention and in company), which was submitted to cluster analysis. Subsequently, three clusters were identified: cluster 1, 'appropriate eating contexts at breakfast, lunch and dinner'; cluster 2, 'inappropriate eating context at breakfast' and cluster 3, 'inappropriate eating context at dinner'. Multinomial logistic regression models were performed, without and with adjustments, using cluster 1 as reference. SETTING Twenty-nine public schools of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Adolescents, 14-19-year-olds (n 835). RESULTS We observed relevant prevalence of adolescents omitting breakfast (52·9 %) and dinner (39·3 %), and who had the habit of eating sitting/lying on the couch/bed or standing/walking, and in front of screens. Breakfast usually occurred unaccompanied (70·8 %); around half (47·5 %) and little over a third (36·1 %) of the sample also would usually have lunch and dinner unaccompanied, respectively. Furthermore, through multivariate analysis, we found associations of eating contexts clusters with female sex (more likely in clusters 2 and 3), age range 14-15-year-olds (less likely in cluster 2) and higher mother's schooling (more likely in cluster 3). CONCLUSIONS We verified an alarming prevalence of adolescents with eating contexts unaligned with healthy eating recommendations. Additionally, inappropriate eating contexts at breakfast and/or at dinner were associated with socio-demographic factors (sex, age range and mother's schooling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Silva Neves
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sequeira Fontes
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário Círio Nogueira
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscila Moreira de Lima Pereira
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane Rodrigues de Faria
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Souza Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Carlos Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, José Lourenço Kelmer St., Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG36036-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Piola TS, Bacil EDA, Pacífico AB, Campos JG, Silva MPD, Campos WD. Association of sex, sexual maturation, age group, economic class, and nutritional status with the different cutoff points of screen time in adolescents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9304202200020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of adolescents’ screen time in three different scenarios and possible associations with gender, sexual maturation, age group, economic class, and nutritional status. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with a representative sample of 3,979 adolescents from Greater Curitiba. Screen time (television, computer, and video game) was self-reported and categorized as ≤2h/day, >2 to ≤4h/day, and >4h/day. Ordinal logistic regression tested the associations. Results: the sample consisted of adolescents of 14.60±1.88 years old, most girls (51.2%). The prevalence of screen time >4h/day was 89.3%. Girls (OR=0.61; CI95%=0.49-0.76) and the older age groups (“14 to 16 years” OR=0.29; CI95%=0.22-0.39, and “17 to 19 years” OR=0.11; CI95%=0.08-0.16) were less likely to be in the groups of higher screen time. Conclusions: screen time above four hours seems to be the most prevalent among adolescents. Older girls and teens are less likely to have higher screen time.
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da Costa N, Silveira JFDC, Schneiders LDB, Sehn AP, Reuter ÉM, Hobkirk JP, Carroll S, Reuter CP. Moderating Role of Physical Fitness in the Association Between TV Time and Adiposity Parameters in Adolescents. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1104-1111. [PMID: 35414246 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221086951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify whether physical fitness (PF) components play a moderating role in the relationship between TV time and adiposity levels. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Few studies have examined if different PF levels modify the association between TV time and adiposity in adolescents. Studies often focus on the isolated relationships between obesity and TV time, or obesity and PF levels. SUBJECTS 1071 adolescents (617 girls), aged 12 to 17 years. MEASURES Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), abdominal muscular endurance, and lower limb strength were evaluated using the protocols of the Projeto Esporte Brasil fitness testing battery. TV time was obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were also assessed. Moderation analyses were conducted through multiple linear regression models with the following associations tested in different models: PF components, TV time, and interaction (PF component x TV time) with adiposity parameters (BMI and WC). RESULTS A significant interaction term was found for CRF and TV time in the association with both WC (β: -.005; 95% CI: -.009; -.001; P = .012) and BMI (β: -.002; 95% CI: -.004; -.001; P = .009). CONCLUSION CRF moderates the relationship between TV time and adiposity measures in this cross-sectional analysis. These data support strategies looking at increasing physical activity levels to improve CRF and avoid the development of excess abdominal obesity and excess weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Náthalie da Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, 67889University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João F de C Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, 4019University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Letícia de B Schneiders
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, 4019University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana P Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, 4019University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Éboni M Reuter
- Department of Health Sciences, 67889University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - James P Hobkirk
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK.,Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Sean Carroll
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK.,Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Cézane P Reuter
- Department of Health Sciences, 67889University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health Promotion, 4019University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Jensen ML, Dillman Carpentier FR, Corvalán C, Popkin BM, Evenson KR, Adair L, Taillie LS. Television viewing and using screens while eating: Associations with dietary intake in children and adolescents. Appetite 2022; 168:105670. [PMID: 34478756 PMCID: PMC8671257 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Screen time has been associated with overweight and obesity, as well as with poorer dietary quality. However, the reasons explaining these associations are not well understood. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were [1] to determine the extent of overall TV viewing as well as using screens while eating (e.g., watching TV or using a tablet), [2] to compare food and nutrient consumption of on-versus off-screen eating occasions, and [3] to determine whether TV viewing and using screens while eating is associated with overall dietary intake. Participants were from the Food Environment Chilean Cohort (n = 938, 4-6 y) and the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study (n = 752, 12-14 y). Dietary data was collected via one 24-h food recall. For each eating occasion, activity performed during consumption (e.g., watching TV, playing sports) was reported. Weekly TV viewing time was collected via an additional survey instrument. Analyses included multivariable linear and logistic regression. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons examined differences in outcomes by tertiles. Our sample reported a median of 9-13.5 weekly hours of TV viewing and 87.5% reported consuming at least one meal or snack per day while using screens. The median kilocalories contributed by eating during screen use was 387 kcal/d in children and 848 kcal/day in adolescents, which represents 34.7% and 42.3% of daily energy intake, respectively. There were no consistent differences when comparing eating occasions consumed on-screen versus off-screen. Higher weekly TV viewing was associated with elements of a less healthy diet including more sweets and desserts in children, and more sugar sweetened beverages in adolescents. A large percentage of Chilean children and adolescents' daily energy is consumed while using screens. In depth, longitudinal work is needed to understand how screen time eating affects diet quality and nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Global Food Research Program, Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; School of Nutrition, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Camila Corvalán
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Macul, Chile
| | - Barry M Popkin
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Global Food Research Program, Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lindsey Smith Taillie
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Global Food Research Program, Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Time spent in different sedentary activity domains across adolescence: a follow-up study. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98:60-68. [PMID: 34147484 PMCID: PMC9432239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This longitudinal study aimed to verify possible changes in the time spent in sedentary activities occurring as screen-time, educational, cultural, social, and transportation domains in a sample of Brazilian adolescents between 2015 and 2017. METHODS It is a longitudinal prospective study with 586 adolescents from 12 to 15 years old at the Baseline (2015) enrolled in 14 public schools from Curitiba, Brazil. The Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire assessed the time spent in sedentary activities in five domains (recreational screen-time, educational, cultural, social, and transportation). A series of linear random effects regressions analyzed changes in the sedentary time between 2015 and 2017, with p < .05. RESULTS Overall, 323 adolescents dropped out of the study resulting in a retention rate of 44.9%. The overall sedentary time remained stable from 2015 to 2017 (-3.98 min/day, 95%CI: -15.39; 7.42). The screen-time decreased (-22.22 min/day, 95%CI: -30.30; -14.15), and educational (8.29 min/day, 95% CI: 3.52; 13.06), cultural (3.41 min/day, 95% CI: 0.66; 6.15) and social sedentary activities (8.20 min/day, 95% CI: 2.06; 14.34) increased from 2015 to 2017. CONCLUSION Significant reductions in screen-time were evidenced along with increases in time spent on other sedentary activities of educational, cultural, and social nature. KeywordsSedentary behavior, Adolescent health, Longitudinal studies.
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Caetano IT, Miranda VPN, Dos Santos FK, Dos Santos Amorim PR. Adolescent's movement behaviors and built environment: a latent class analysis. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1937. [PMID: 34696762 PMCID: PMC8547093 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latent class analysis (LCA) is an alternative and innovative approach to verify the relation of the various combinations of the constructed environment and movement behavior (levels of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) characteristics. This study aimed to identify latent classes based on the characteristics of the neighborhood environment perceived by adolescents and their association with gender, socioeconomic status (SS), body composition and movement behaviors. METHODS This cross-sectional study includes 309 Brazilian adolescents (14 to 16 years old, 57% female). The characteristics of the neighborhood environment perceived were analyzed by the Neighborhood Walkability for Youth Scale. Accelerometers were used for a week to evaluate the movement behaviors. Questionnaires assessed the screen times, total sitting time (TST), and sociodemographic characteristics. LCA was used for modeling the "Perceived Enviroment" variable, having been conducted in the poLCA (Polychromous Variable Latent Class Analysis) package of the R statistical software. RESULTS Three classes were recognized: class 1, "Best Perceived Environment" with 23.03% of adolescents; class 2, "Moderate Perceived Environment", 63.33%; and class 3, "Worst Perceived Environment", 13.67%. Light physical activity (LPA), TST, and SS were associated with class prevalence. The adolescents with medium and low SS were, respectively, 3.42 (95% CI 1.62-7.21) and 4.18 (95% CI 1.66-10.50) more likely to belong to class 2, and those with low SS were 5.21 (95% CI 1.35-20.13) more likely to belong to class 3. Class 1 adolescents were associated with a lower chance (OR: 0.09, 95% CI 0.02-0.55) of involvement in 'adequate LPA time' compared to class 3. Class 1 adolescents were associated with a lower chance (OR: 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.79) of involvement in 'adequate TST' compared to class 2. There was a difference between the LPA and TST classes; class 3 presented a longer time in LPA than class 1; class 1 had higher TST than the other classes. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the influence of neighborhood classes on adolescents' LPA and TST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Toledo Caetano
- Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Avenue, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Valter Paulo Neves Miranda
- Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Avenue, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Karina Dos Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Avenue, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Dos Santos Amorim
- Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Peter Henry Rolfs Avenue, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Silva JB, Elias BC, Warkentin S, Mais LA, Konstantyner T. Factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed food by Brazilian adolescents: National Survey of School Health, 2015. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2021; 40:e2020362. [PMID: 34614136 PMCID: PMC8543808 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods by Brazilian adolescents. Methods: The sample was representative of adolescents and participants in the cross-sectional population-based study National Survey of School Health, 2015 edition (PeNSE-2015). A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The variable weekly consumption of ultra-processed foods was considered, and consumption more than seven times a week was considered excessive. Descriptive and inferential analyses of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and environmental characteristics potentially associated with the outcome were performed. Poisson's multiple regression model was adjusted to control for confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods among 16,324 adolescents in Brazil was 75.4%. Nine factors independently associated with this outcome were identified: age under 15 years (RR 1.08; p<0.001), daily sitting time greater than four hours (RR 1.13; p<0.001), eating while watching TV or studying more than four days a week (RR 1.09; p<0.001), daily TV time greater than three hours (RR 1.08; p<0.001), breakfast frequency less than four days a week (RR 1,03; p=0.001), having a cell phone (RR 1.12; p<0.001), absent maternal education (RR 0.88; p<0.001), being enrolled in a private school (RR 1.05; p=0.002) located in the urban area (RR 1.13; p=0.002). Conclusions: The results express the multifactorial characteristic of excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods and suggest the need for the development and implementation of health policies to guide the consumption of these foods and the importance of adopting healthy behaviors for this population group in both school and home environments.
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Ritter JDA, Cureau FV, Ronca DB, Blume CA, Teló GH, Camey SA, de Carvalho KMB, Schaan BD. Association between diet quality index and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Nutrition 2021; 90:111216. [PMID: 33934056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association between diet quality, assessed by the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents adapted for Brazilians (DQIA-BR), and cardiometabolic markers in adolescents. METHODS The DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers were assessed in 36 956 Brazilian adolescents (12-17 y old) enrolled in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional multicenter study in Brazil. For analyses, the sample was stratified by sex and nutritional status. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the association between DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR). Adjusted models were constructed with two input levels of covariates. The first model was adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic status; in the second model, total energy intake, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were included. RESULTS A higher DQIA-BR score was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile in girls with normal weight; however, no association was observed in those with overweight/obesity. In boys with overweight/obesity, a better quality of diet was associated with lower concentrations of total cholesterol (β = -0.338, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.611 to -0.066) and LDL-c (β = -0.227, 95% CI: -0.448 to -0.005), but only LDL-c remained significant in those with normal weight (β = -0.115, 95% CI: -0.224 to 0.005). CONCLUSION The effects of diet quality on cardiometabolic risk factors differ according to sex and the presence of overweight/obesity. Overall, DQIA-BR is a suitable tool to evaluate the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic markers in normal-weight adolescents, but not for adolescents, especially girls, with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna do Amaral Ritter
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Carina Andriatta Blume
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Heiden Teló
- School of Medicine and Postgraduate Program, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Suzi Alves Camey
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Cairo SMC, Teixeira CSS, da Silva TO, da Silva EKP, Martins PC, Bezerra VM, de Medeiros DS. Overweight in Rural Quilombola and Non-quilombola Adolescents From the Northeast of Brazil. Front Nutr 2021; 7:593929. [PMID: 33634159 PMCID: PMC7900433 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.593929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Overweight is an emerging problem among children and adolescents that leads to the development of several morbidities and health risks. Overweight occurs differently in different populations, especially in vulnerable groups like the rural and quilombola communities (an African-descendant population). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and to investigate the possible associated factors in rural adolescents living in both quilombola and non-quilombola communities in Northeast Brazil. Methods: This study is a population-based cross-sectional study with a household approach carried out in 2015 with 390 adolescents (age 10–19 years) living in rural quilombola and non-quilombola communities. The nutritional status was gauged using z-scores calculated for body mass index (BMI) and varies with gender and age. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to establish associations between the results and explained variables. The multivariate analysis followed a model with a hierarchical entry of covariables controlled by gender and age. Results: The study showed that 18.5% of rural adolescents were overweight, of which 17.9% were quilombolas and 19.0% were non-quilombolas. A significant difference in overweight between the samples was not found. In the multivariate-adjusted model, age ≥16 years (PR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.28–0.95), the habit of having regular breakfast (PR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35–0.98), and process of attending school (PR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17–0.71) were associated with a lower prevalence of overweight. Stationary screen time, in contrast, was associated with a higher prevalence (PR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.05–2.46). The process of attending school was associated with a lower prevalence of overweight (PR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.09–0.69), even for the quilombolas. Conclusions: A low prevalence of overweight was identified in rural adolescents. Overweight was significantly associated with the habit of having regular breakfast, older age, stationary screen time, and the process of attending school. The results reveal that school is a potential space for health promotion interventions, specifically in the most vulnerable rural regions, such as the quilombola communities. Besides, the study emphasizes the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle early in life, including cultivating the habit of having regular breakfast and reducing stationary screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M C Cairo
- Program of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Camila S S Teixeira
- Program of Post-Graduation in Public Health, Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Tainan O da Silva
- Program of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Etna K P da Silva
- Program of Post-Graduation in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Poliana C Martins
- Program of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Bezerra
- Program of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Danielle S de Medeiros
- Program of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
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de Carvalho LM, de Sousa Carvalho L, de Sousa CB, Beserra JB, da Paz SM, dos Santos MM. Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents: Association between Intake of Vitamins A and E and Lipid Profile. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200802182509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The diet of Brazilian adolescents is characterized by high intake of fats
and sugars and low consumption of antioxidant micronutrients, particularly vitamins A and E. In
addition to dietary inadequacies, a significant number of these adolescents present changes in plasma
lipoproteins, which may be caused by environmental and lifestyle factors.
Objective:
To investigate the association between inadequate intake of vitamins A and E and
changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in Brazilian adolescents.
Methods:
Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, school-based, nationwide study with 37,023
Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were included. Data on sociodemographic characteristics,
vitamin A and E intake, and lipid and anthropometric profile were collected. The Student’s
t-test was used to compare means and a logistic regression to verify associations; analyses were
conducted in the STATA software version 14.0. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees
of the participating institutions and all participants signed an Assent Form.
Results:
The average vitamin A intake was higher among boys, but consumption below recommendation
was found in both sexes. Inadequate intake of vitamins A and E was associated with a higher
risk of low HDL-c levels in male and public school adolescents. Low vitamin E intake was associated
with a higher risk of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in Brazilian adolescents.
Conclusion:
This study showed a high prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamins A and E among
Brazilian adolescents and data suggesting associations between low intake of these micronutrients
and changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in this public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza M.F. de Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Claudiane B. de Sousa
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Jessica B. Beserra
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Suzana M.R.S. da Paz
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Marize M. dos Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Rocha LL, Gratão LHA, Carmo ASD, Costa ABP, Cunha CDF, Oliveira TRPRD, Mendes LL. School Type, Eating Habits, and Screen Time are Associated With Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Among Brazilian Adolescents. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:1136-1142. [PMID: 33516640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may be a result of the environmental influences to which adolescents are exposed and/or habits acquired since childhood through family interactions. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate whether type of school administration (public or private), eating habits, and screen time are associated with the percentage caloric contribution of UPFs to total kilocalories consumed by Brazilian adolescents. DESIGN A cross-sectional secondary analysis of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) performed between March 2013 and December 2014. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Overall, 71,553 adolescents from 1,247 public and private schools in 124 Brazilian cities (with a population of more than 100,000) were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We measured the percentage caloric contribution of UPFs to the total kilocalories consumed, obtained using one 24-hour food recall. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Generalized linear models were used, guided by the hierarchical model. Sample complexity was considered using the Stata svy command, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Overall, UPFs contributed an average of 28% (95% CI, 27.80%-28.15%) of total energy intake. Based on the final multivariate analysis, a significantly higher UPF diet was observed among adolescents from private schools (P < .001), those who do not consume meals offered by schools (P < .001), those who do not eat breakfast regularly (P < .05), those who eat in front of screens almost every day or every day (P < .001), and those who spend more time in front of screens (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that UPF consumption is associated with school type, eating habits, and screen time among Brazilian adolescents.
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Low back pain in adolescents and association with sociodemographic factors, electronic devices, physical activity and mental health. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:717-724. [PMID: 31580844 PMCID: PMC9432172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of low back pain and to analyze the association with the individual, sociodemographic variables, electronic devices, habitual practice of physical activity, and mental health problems. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 1,628 students in public schools in the city of Bauru, SP, Brazil. The following data were collected: 1. demographic and socioeconomic aspects; 2. Use of electronic devices; 3. habitual physical activity level (Baecke); 3. mental health (SDQ). 4. low back pain (Nordic Questionnaire). Descriptive analyzes and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used. RESULTS The overall prevalence of low back pain was 46.7% (95% CI: 44.27 to 49.11); men showed a prevalence of 42.0% (95% CI: 36.63 to 43.41) and women 58.0% (95% CI: 49.73 to 56.51), a statistically significant difference. The variables associated with pain in the low back region were: female gender (PR=1.70), daily TV use for more than 3hours (PR=1.17), use of laptop computer (PR=1.40), use of the cell phone in the supine position (PR=1.23), use of the cell phone in semi-supine position (PR=1.49), daily cell phone use for more than 3hours (PR=1.36), use of tablet (PR=1.67), daily tablet use for more than above 3hours (PR=1.46), and clinically important mental health problems (PR=2.62). CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of low back pain in high school students and striking association with female sex, electronic devices, and mental health problems.
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Bento TPF, Cornelio GP, Perrucini PDO, Simeão SFAP, Conti MHSD, de Vitta A. Low back pain in adolescents and association with sociodemographic factors, electronic devices, physical activity and mental health. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Melo GR, Correa Lima S, M Dos Santos Chagas C, Nakano EY, Toral N. Tailored smartphone intervention to promote healthy eating among Brazilian adolescents: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038896. [PMID: 33115898 PMCID: PMC7594362 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent eating patterns are characterised by high consumption of unhealthy foods, which has resulted in an increasing prevalence of overweight and chronic diseases. It is crucial to promote healthy eating habits, and nutritional interventions based on the transtheoretical model have been found to be especially effective. Mobile health strategies also seem promising for adolescents. This study aims to outline a smartphone intervention via WhatsApp for adolescents to promote healthy eating consumption, better nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy in the adoption of healthy practices and progress through the stages of change. METHODS AND ANALYSIS There will be three distinct groups in this randomised study: a general intervention group (GG), in which the participants will receive the same healthy eating messages, based on the Brazilian food guide; a tailored intervention group (TG), in which the participants will receive healthy eating messages based on their stage of change; and a control group (CG), in which participants will receive messages on a different theme. Possession of a smartphone, use of WhatsApp and being a senior student (16-19 years) from a public school of the Federal District of Brazil will be the study's inclusion criteria. Rural schools will be excluded. The sample size estimated is 390 individuals: 38 in the GG, 314 in the TG and 38 in the CG. The intervention will last 6 weeks, with a daily message sent to the students. We will investigate nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy in the adoption of healthy eating practices, food consumption and stages of change using preintervention and postintervention questionnaires. Memorisation of the messages will be also assessed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the University of Brasília, School of Health Sciences and Research Ethics Committee. At the end of the study, the participating schools will receive a printed report with the main results of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-5b9jk7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Rhaisa Melo
- NESNUT- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Stefany Correa Lima
- NESNUT- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Dos Santos Chagas
- NESNUT- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Y Nakano
- Statistics Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Natacha Toral
- NESNUT- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
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Bratkowski GR, Backes V, Olinto MT, Henn RL. Identification of dietary patterns by principal component analysis in schoolchildren in the South of Brazil and associated factors. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042020000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to identify dietary patterns (DP) and associated factors in first grade school-children in elementary schools in the South of Brazil. Methods: school-based cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 782 schoolchildren aged 6 to 8. Food intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. DP were identified using the principal component analysis and the prevalence ratios were obtained by Poisson regression with a robust variance. Results: four DP were identified and accounted for 25.3% of the total variance: "fruit, vegetables and fish" (8.5%), "sweets and salty snacks" (7.0%), "dairy, ham and biscuits" (5.0%) and "common Brazilian food" (4.8%). After the adjustment, breakfast habit and lower frequency of meals in front of a screen increased the probability of adherence to a high consumption of DP of "fruit, vegetables and fish". The maternal schooling level was linearly and inversely associated with DP of "sweets and salty snacks" and "common Brazilian food", and positively related to the DP of "dairy, ham and biscuits". Schoolchildren with food inse-curity and sufficiently active had higher probability of adherence to DP of "common Brazilian food". Conclusions: four DP were identified and associated with food insecurity, maternal socioeconomic characteristics and schoolchildren’s behavioral characteristics.
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Piola TS, Bacil EDA, Pacífico AB, Camargo EMD, Campos WD. Nível insuficiente de atividade física e elevado tempo de tela em adolescentes: impacto de fatores associados. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:2803-2812. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020257.24852018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Verificar o impacto de fatores associados ao nível insuficiente de atividade física e elevado tempo de tela em adolescentes. Estudo transversal, representativo, com 899 alunos de ensino médio da rede pública de São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brasil. Foram mensurados o nível de atividade física e o tempo de tela e classificados respectivamente de acordo com as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e da American Academy of Pediatrics. Os fatores associados para o nível insuficiente de atividade física e tempo de tela foram: sexo, maturação sexual, apoio social e autoeficacia para a prática de atividade física. As associações foram testadas com a regressão de Poisson. E o impacto dos fatores associados ao nível insuficiente de atividade física e do elevado tempo de tela foram calculadas pela fração atribuível populacional (FAP) e a redução relativa do risco (RRR). Na presença combinada do nível insuficiente de atividades físicas com o elevado tempo de tela, o sexo feminino apresentou uma FAP = 13,04, o estágio pós-púbere FAP = 9,91 e o apoio social apresentou uma RRR = 31,00. Os achados sugerem sexo feminino e estar no estágio pós-púbere como fatores de risco, e apoio social como fator protetor a presença combinada do nível insuficiente de atividade física e do elevado tempo de tela.
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Behavioral classes related to physical activity and sedentary behavior on the evaluation of health and mental outcomes among Brazilian adolescents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234374. [PMID: 32569320 PMCID: PMC7307735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent Class Analysis can assist researchers interested in a better understanding of behavioral patterns and their association with health outcomes. This study aimed to identify lifestyle latent classes related to distinct domains of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents and their association with health outcomes. This cross-sectional study included 217 Brazilian adolescents (15 to 18 years old, 49.3% female). The classes were based on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), number of steps, sedentary behavior (SB), and screen time (ST). To assess these behaviors, participants wore an accelerometer for one week. ST, demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and signs of common mental disorders (CMD) were evaluated through questionnaires. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify lifestyle classes. Three classes were recognized: “Active—Non-sedentary” (class 1) with 28.1% of adolescents; “Inactive—Non-sedentary” (class 2), 48.85%; and “Inactive—Sedentary” (class 3), 23.04%. Sex and signs of CMD were associated with the prevalence of the classes. Female adolescents presented 4.48 (95% CI 2.04–9.77) times more chance of belonging to the “Inactive—Sedentary” (class 3). Adolescents who presented CMD had 11.35 (95% CI 3.45–101.1) times more chance of belonging to the “Inactive—Non-sedentary” (class 2). The interaction between sex and signs of CMD showed that girls with signs of CMD were 9.20 (95% CI 1.17–71.52) more likely to belong to the Inactive—Sedentary class than the “Active—Non-sedentary”. Results indicate that sex and signs of CMD can affect the prevalence of the classes. Our findings highlight that physical inactivity and SB can be associated with signs of CMD, especially in female adolescents.
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Werneck AO, Vancampfort D, Oyeyemi AL, Stubbs B, Silva DR. Joint association of ultra-processed food and sedentary behavior with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among Brazilian adolescents. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:135-142. [PMID: 32056867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We analyzed the joint association of high ultra-processed food ingestion and sedentary behavior (SB) with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from the Brazilian Scholar Health Survey, a nationally representative survey of 9th grade adolescents [mean: 14.28 years (range: 11-18 years)] conducted in 2015 (n = 100,648) were used. Self-reported anxiety-induced sleep disturbance, SB (TV viewing and total sitting time), and frequency of ingestion of different ultra-processed foods were collected. Age, ethnicity, type of city (capital or interior), region of the country, and habitual physical activity (global scholar survey questionnaire) were covariates. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations. RESULTS High ultra-processed food ingestion plus low SB [boys:OR:1.44(99%CI:1.16-1.79), girls:OR:1.41(99%CI:1.22-1.63)] were risk factors for anxiety-induced sleep disturbance. The highest risk of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance was observed among those who joint high ultra-processed food ingestion with high SB [boys:OR:1.85(99%CI:1.46-2.35), girls:OR:1.62(99%CI:1.39-1.89)]. In addition, the interaction of high ultra-processed food ingestion with TV-viewing substantially increased the odds of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance [boys:OR:2.03(99%CI:1.61-2.56), girls:OR:2.04(99%CI:1.76-2.36)]. CONCLUSIONS Both the high consumption of ultra-processed foods and SB (especially TV-viewing) appear to be independently associated with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance in both sexes. However, the co-occurrence of both negative lifestyle behaviors is associated with a substantial increase in the risk of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance. Future longitudinal research is required to confirm/refute our findings and explore potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O Werneck
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Roberto Símonsen, 305, 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, São Paulo,Brazil.
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristóvão, Brazil
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Silva RDNMT, Duarte DA, de Oliveira AMG. The influence of television on the food habits of schoolchildren and its association with dental caries. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:24-32. [PMID: 32067395 PMCID: PMC7025986 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The consumption of food with a high‐sugar content is encouraged by the food industry through television (TV) aimed at children and may be associated with dental caries. This study aims to evaluate the influence of TV on the food habits of schoolchildren aged years and its association with dental caries. Material and methods This was an observational, epidemiological, and cross‐sectional study. Five neighborhoods of Belem District were selected, and then two schools from each neighborhood were drawn (one private and one public). All sixth and seventh grade students were selected. Data were extracted from questionnaires completed by schoolchildren and their parents and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) indices of the schoolchildren. The indices were carried out by three examiners previously calibrated (κ > .80). Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association of variables of study with consumption of cariogenic foods and occurrence of dental caries. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Schoolchildren who watched TV for >90 min were more likely to consume cariogenic foods (OR = 2.38; 95% CI [1.57, 3.60]) and have a DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 2.10; 95% CI [1.37, 3.26]). Those who consumed cariogenic foods while watching TV were more likely to have DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 14.75; 95% CI [8.24, 6.40]). Parents who bought foods they saw on TV contributed to a higher consumption of cariogenic foods (OR = 3.29; 95% CI [2.07, 5.24]) and DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 3.93; 95% CI [2.09, 7.37]) among their children. Conclusions TV can influence the eating habits of schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 and the food purchases of their parents, stimulating the consumption of cariogenic foods and contributing to the development of dental caries.
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Sbaraini M, Cureau FV, Sparrenberger K, Teló GH, Kuschnir MCC, Oliveira JS, Leal VS, Bloch KV, Schaan BD. Severity of obesity is associated with worse cardiometabolic risk profile in adolescents: Findings from a Brazilian national study (ERICA). Nutrition 2020; 75-76:110758. [PMID: 32302931 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among adolescents has increased dramatically in developing countries. However, the distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors through the severity of obesity continuum is relatively unknown among youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of weight categories with cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS ERICA (The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents) was a multicenter, school-based, cross-sectional study composed of Brazilian adolescents (12-17 y of age). Severity of obesity was classified according to the International Obesity Task Force reference values for body mass index (BMI) and several cardiometabolic risk factors were measured after clinical and biochemical exams and categorized using standard definitions of abnormal values. RESULTS Among the 37 892 adolescents enrolled, 8708 had excess weight, being classified with overweight (17.2%), obesity (5.6%), and severe obesity (1.3%). Increasing severity of obesity was associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile in the overall sample. Multivariable models that controlled for age, sex, skin color, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and total energy intake, showed that individuals in higher categories of severity of obesity tended to have higher prevalence ratios of most cardiometabolic risk factors compared with the other weight groups, except for high fasting blood glucose among boys. CONCLUSIONS Progressive degrees of excess weight are positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in youth from a middle-income country, indicating the importance in classifying the severity of weight excess among adolescents and considering this to plan prevention programs against early development of obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sbaraini
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Sparrenberger
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Heiden Teló
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Caetano Kuschnir
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Souza Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sá Leal
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Katia Vergetti Bloch
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva (IESC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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LINHARES AO, CLEFF MM, VIANA MF, NEVES RDO, GIGANTE DP. Food consumption of children enrolled in five municipal schools according to socio-demographics characteristics. REV NUTR 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202033e200123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To describe children food consumption in the five municipal schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and their main characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional study of children enrolled in five municipal schools. The mothers were interviewed at the school. The questionnaire about habitual food consumption was based on the guidelines of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and reviewed in Stata 14.0. The consumption frequency was reported according to each exposure category. Statistical tests based on Chi-Square test with 5% significance level and adjusted analyses through Poisson regression were used. Results A total of 548 children were included. Females represented 51.1% of the total sample; the average age was 48.3 months. Children up to two years of age were those who consumed the most fruits and vegetables while sweets were mostly consumed by older children, aged between three and four years. Unhealthy foods had a high frequency of consumption, with sweet being the most consumed (58.8%), followed by packet snacks (53.3%). In the adjusted analysis, eating meals in front of the screens remained associated with lower consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Eating meals in front of the screens reduces children’s vegetables consumption. At the same time, the child’s age and maternal education seem to have some influence on the consumption of unhealthy foods, indicating the need for nutritional education interventions.
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Silva JB, Elias BC, Mais LA, Warkentin S, Konstantyner T, Oliveira FLC. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INADEQUATE MILK CONSUMPTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS: NATIONAL SCHOOL HEALTH SURVEY - PENSE 2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 38:e2018184. [PMID: 31778414 PMCID: PMC6909260 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with inadequate milk consumption among adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the National School Health Survey (2012), a Brazilian survey carried out using a self-administered questionnaire in a representative sample of 9th-grade students from public and private schools. The frequency of milk intake and its association with socio-demographic characteristics, food consumption and physical activity were estimated. A descriptive and inferential analysis of factors associated with inadequate milk consumption (no consumption at least one of the seven days of the week) was performed. A multiple logistic model was adjusted to control confounders. Results: The sample included 108,828 adolescents and inadequate milk consumption ocurred in 58.9%. The final model included nine variables independently associated with inadequate milk intake: breakfast frequency less than 4 days per week (odds ratio [OR]=2.40; p<0.001), unprocessed or minimally processed foods intake less than 5 days per week (OR=1.93; p<0.001), living in the northeast region (OR=1.39; p<0.001), less maternal schooling (OR=1.35; p<0.001), physical inactivity (OR=1.33; p<0.001), attending public school (OR=1.26; p<0.001), not being white (OR=1.14; p<0.001), being older than 14 years old (OR=1.13; p<0.001) and having a habit of eating meals while watching TV or studying (OR=1.04; p=0.036). Conclusions: Inadequate milk consumption is prevalent among Brazilian adolescents. The identification of associated factors suggests the need to develop nutritional guidance strategies for the prevention of diseases that result from low calcium intake.
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Bahia L, Schaan CW, Sparrenberger K, Abreu GDA, Barufaldi LA, Coutinho W, Schaan BD. Overview of meta-analysis on prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95:385-400. [PMID: 30121174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the quality of systematic reviews on prevention and non-pharmacological treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE A search was done in electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, the Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials), including only systematic reviews with meta-analysis. Reviews were selected by two researchers, and a third one solved the divergences. PRISMA statement and checklist were followed. SUMMARY OF DATA A total of 4574 records were retrieved, including 24 after selection. Six reviews were on obesity prevention, 17 on obesity treatment, and one on mixed interventions for prevention and treatment of obesity. The interventions were very heterogeneous and showed little or no effects on weight or body mass index. Mixed interventions that included dieting, exercise, actions to reduce sedentary behavior, and programs involving the school or families showed some short-term positive effects. Reviews that analyzed cardiovascular risk factors demonstrated significant improvements in the short-term. CONCLUSION The systematic reviews of interventions to prevent or reduce obesity in children and adolescents generally showed little or no effects on weight or body mass index, although cardiovascular profile can be improved. Mixed interventions demonstrated better effects, but the long-term impact of obesity treatments of children and adolescents remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Bahia
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologia em Saúde (IATS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Wohlgemuth Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Sparrenberger
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Walmir Coutinho
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia (IEDE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Bahia L, Schaan CW, Sparrenberger K, Abreu GDA, Barufaldi LA, Coutinho W, Schaan BD. Overview of meta‐analysis on prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Silva AADPD, Camargo EMD, Silva ATD, Silva JSB, Hino AAF, Reis RS. CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES PERFORMED BY ADOLESCENTS FROM CURITIBA, BRAZIL. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220192503188171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Various studies have been developed and published in relation to the recommendations for physical activity and associated factors. However, there is a lack of studies that detail the places where physical activity is practiced, as well as its frequency, duration and volume. Objective To describe the places, types, frequency, duration and volume of physical activities performed by adolescents in Curitiba, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted in 2013-2014, through a household survey with 495 adolescents (12 to 17 years). The places used, and the frequencies of the practice of physical activity were self-reported as either “goes” or “does not go.” The practice of physical activity was determined through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, by type, frequency, duration and weekly volume. The types of physical activity were described with frequency distribution, weekly frequency, duration, and volume, by the median and interquartile range. Gender comparison was tested with the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests (p<0.05). Results The most frequently reported places for physical activity were public squares, parks, soccer fields, schools and sports halls. Soccer fields, schools, sports halls and skate parks were more used by boys, while girls attended gyms (p<0.05). The physical activities most practiced were soccer, skating/rollerblading, cycling, walking and active games. A higher proportion of boys practiced soccer, skating/rollerblading, cycling, running/jogging, and basketball (p<0.05), whereas the physical activities most practiced by girls were walking, walking the dog, dancing, playing games, and gyms (p<0.05). Sports (720 min/week), aerobic exercises (400 min/week) and conditioning exercises (345 min/week) were the activities with the highest weekly volume. Boys showed higher weekly frequency, duration and volume of practice of sports and active games than girls (p<0.05). Conclusion Public places with structures were the most used places, and sports were the most practiced activities. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied ‘‘gold’’ reference standard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edina Maria de Camargo
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alice Tatiane da Silva
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Esporte e Lazer, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Akira Ferreira Hino
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Federal Tecnológica do Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil; Washington University in St. Louis, United States of America
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Ronca DB, Blume CA, Cureau FV, Camey SA, Leotti VB, Drehmer M, Schaan BD, de Carvalho KMB. Diet quality index for Brazilian adolescents: the ERICA study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:539-556. [PMID: 30963230 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the dietary patterns of adolescents using a food-based diet quality index and their compliance with a healthy dietary guideline METHODS: Participants included 71,553 Brazilian adolescents (12-17 years old) from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional school-based multicenter study.. Dietary intake was measured by one 24-h recall. A second recall was collected in a random subsample (~ 10%) to correct within-person variability. The Diet Quality Index for Adolescents adapted for Brazilians (DQIA-BR) was used to measure the overall quality of the dietary intake. The National Cancer Institute method was applied to estimate usual dietary intake. The DQIA-BR and the distribution of its components (quality, diversity, and equilibrium) were analyzed according to sex, geographical area, and type of school RESULTS: The mean (SD) DQIA-BR scores were 14.8% (6.1%) for females and 19.0% (6.3%) for males. All analyzed strata revealed low scores of DQIA-BR and its components. The median usual intake was five to sevenfold below the recommendations for vegetables and fruits and approximately twofold below the recommendations for dairy. The highest DQIA-BR mean scores were found in the northern region [17.0% (6.4%), females; 20.7% (6.3%), males]. Adolescents in both types of schools had relatively similar median intakes of snacks (~ 85 g) and sugared drinks (~ 600 ml) CONCLUSIONS: The overall diet quality of Brazilian adolescents is inadequate based on evaluated parameters in all regions and socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Barbosa Ronca
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - Carina Andriatta Blume
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Suzi Alves Camey
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bielefeldt Leotti
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele Drehmer
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food and Nutrition Research Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95:155-165. [PMID: 29859903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence of excessive screen-based behaviors among Brazilian adolescents through a systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE Systematic review and meta-analysis were recorded in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD 2017 CRD42017074432). This review included observational studies (cohort or cross-sectional) that evaluated the prevalence of excessive screen time (i.e. combinations involving different screen-based behaviors) or TV viewing (≥2h/day or >2h/day in front of screen) through indirect or direct methods in adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. The research strategy included the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and ADOLEC. The search strategy included terms for "screen time", "Brazil", and "prevalence". Random effect models were used to estimate the prevalence of excessive screen time in different categories. DATA SUMMARY Twenty-eight out of 775 studies identified in the search met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing was 70.9% (95% CI: 65.5-76.1) and 58.8% (95% CI: 49.4-68.0), respectively. There was no difference between sexes in both analyses. The majority of studies included showed a low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing was high among Brazilian adolescents. Intervention are needed to reduce the excessive screen time among adolescents.
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Schaan CW, Cureau FV, Sbaraini M, Sparrenberger K, Kohl III HW, Schaan BD. Prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Souza Santos TS, de Morais Sato P, Carriero MR, Perucchi Lopes C, Segura IE, Baeza Scagliusi F, Altenburg de Assis MA, Slater Villar B. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the relevance, clarity, and comprehensibility of the Scale of Quality of Diet (ESQUADA). ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE NUTRICIÓN 2018. [DOI: 10.37527/2018.68.4.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of the diet quality should include not just the nutritional adequacy but also incorporate the multidimensional understanding and the current dietary recommendations. This study aimed to evaluate the relevance, clarity, and comprehensibility of the Scale of Quality of Diet (ESQUADA). Nutritionists’ perspectives about the relevance and clarity of the items were evaluated through focus groups between November and December 2016. An exploratory content analysis investigated the themes that emerged from the focus groups, which were organized in a structured codebook. Two reviewers applied it to the data. Inter-rater reliability was analyzed by the kappa coefficient. The coding was analyzed using the frequencies and central aspects of the sub-themes. Laypersons’ comprehension of the items was evaluated using a question regarding whether they understood each item in online questionnaire in February 2018. Descriptive statistics investigated the comprehensibility of each item. The reviewers presented adequate reliability on coding the data. Three themes emerged from the data considering the nutritionists’ suggestions. The theme Item relevance indicated that the items assessed diet quality while considering sociocultural influences. However, the nutritionists suggested attention was needed to how some items were expressed and their response options. Of relevance, the themes Item clarity and Clarity of alternatives primarily encompassed discussions regarding item text (44%) and discrimination of alternatives (24%). The study of the comprehensibility indicated that all items were readily understood. These results support the relevance of the ESQUADA for evaluating quality of diet as well the comprehensibility of all the items by individuals uneducated in public health.
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Spritzer DT, Kessler FHP. Playing the wrong game again? Policy responses to problematic video gaming in Brazil. J Behav Addict 2018; 7:518-521. [PMID: 29950104 PMCID: PMC6426394 DOI: 10.1556/2006.7.2018.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is the leading game market in South America and the second leading market in Latin America. Worldwide, Brazil ranks fourth in number of gamers, with nearly 66.3 million gamers. In the last years, there has been a significant and progressive concern about the negative consequences of video gaming overuse, but no population-based study has estimated the prevalence of problematic gaming in Brazil. There is also no public policy aimed at reducing risk and harm of problematic gaming. Drawing a parallel between gaming and alcohol policies, we discuss some alternatives to address this challenging situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tornaim Spritzer
- Study Group on Technological Addictions, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Corresponding author: Daniel Tornaim Spritzer; Study Group on Technological Addictions, Av. Coronel Lucas de Oliveira 505 conj 1107, Porto Alegre 90440-011, RS, Brazil; Phone: +55 51 9921 66054; Fax: +55 51 3311 8444; E-mail:
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Schaan CW, Cureau FV, Bloch KV, de Carvalho KMB, Ekelund U, Schaan BD. Prevalence and correlates of screen time among Brazilian adolescents: findings from a country-wide survey. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:684-690. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution, prevalence, and correlates of excessive screen time (>2 h/day) among Brazilian adolescents. The Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) is a national, school-based, cross-sectional multicenter study. Information about time spent in front of screens was assessed by questionnaire. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between following correlates (region, sex, age, skin color, income, Internet access, and number of TVs at home) and excessive screen time. A total of 66 706 Brazilian adolescents (aged 12–17 years) were included. The overall mean time in front of screens was 3.25 h/day (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 3.20–3.31) and the prevalence of excessive screen time was 57.3% (95%CI: 55.9–58.6). Moreover, excessive screen time also differs across Brazilian regions, being higher in Southeast and South, respectively. In adjusted models stratified by region, the socioeconomic status was associated with excessive screen time in North, Northeast, and Midwest. In all regions, having a computer with Internet access was associated with higher prevalence of excessive screen time. In conclusion, prevalence of excessive screen time in Brazilian adolescents is high. It presents regional variations and facility for Internet access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Wohlgemuth Schaan
- Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. 2350, Ramiro Barcelos Street, building 21. Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Katia Vergetti Bloch
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | | | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Science, Ullevål Stadion, 0806, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beatriz D. Schaan
- Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil and Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current study was to examine associations of individual and aggregated screen-based behaviours, and total sitting time, with healthy and unhealthy dietary intakes among adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of adolescents. Participants self-reported durations of television viewing, computer use, playing electronic games (e-games), total sitting time, daily servings of fruits and vegetables, and frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), diet beverages, fast foods and discretionary snacks. Logistic regression models were conducted to identify associations of screen-based behaviours, total screen time and total sitting time with dietary intakes. SETTING Victoria, Australia. SUBJECTS Adolescents (n 939) in School Year 11 (mean age 16·8 years). RESULTS The results showed that watching television (≥2 h/d) was positively associated with consuming SSB and diet beverages each week and consuming discretionary snacks at least once daily, whereas computer use (≥2 h/d) was inversely associated with daily fruit and vegetable intake and positively associated with weekly fast-food consumption. Playing e-games (any) was inversely associated with daily vegetable intake and positively associated with weekly SSB consumption. Total screen (≥2 h/d) and sitting (h/d) times were inversely associated with daily fruit and vegetable consumption, with total screen time also positively associated with daily discretionary snack consumption and weekly consumption of SSB and fast foods. CONCLUSIONS Individual and aggregated screen-based behaviours, as well as total sitting time, are associated with a number of indicators of healthy and unhealthy dietary intake. Future research should explore whether reducing recreational screen time improves adolescents' diets.
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da Silva BGC, Menezes AMB, Wehrmeister FC, Barros FC, Pratt M. Screen-based sedentary behavior during adolescence and pulmonary function in a birth cohort. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017. [PMID: 28645330 PMCID: PMC5481971 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents spend many hours in sitting activities as television viewing, video game playing and computer use. The relationship between sedentary behavior and respiratory health remains poorly elucidated. To date there have been no studies evaluating the relationship between sedentary behavior and pulmonary function in young populations. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the trajectory of screen-based sedentary behavior from 11 to 18 years and pulmonary function at 18 years in a Brazilian birth cohort. Methods Data from a longitudinal prospective study conducted among the participants of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Time spent on television, video games, and computers during a weekday was self-reported at ages 11, 15 and 18 years. For each age, sedentary behavior was defined as the sum of time spent on these screen-based activities. To evaluate the sedentary behavior trajectory during adolescence group-based trajectory modeling was used. Outcome variables were three pulmonary function parameters: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF), evaluated by spirometry, at 18 years expressed as z-scores. Crude and adjusted linear regressions, stratified by sex, were performed. Results The three-group trajectory of sedentary behavior was the best fitting model. The trajectory groups were: always high (representing 38.8% of the individuals), always moderate (54.1%), and always low (7.1%). In the adjusted analyses, boys in the always-low group for sedentary behavior had higher FVC at 18 years (β = 0.177; 95% CI:0.027;0.327; p = 0.021) than boys in the always-high group. There were no differences for other pulmonary function parameters in boys. No significant association was found for girls. Conclusion The trajectory of screen-based sedentary behavior throughout adolescence was not consistent associated with pulmonary function at 18 years. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0536-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana M B Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Wehrmeister
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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