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Sowa G, Bednarska AJ, Laskowski R. Effects of agricultural landscape structure and canola coverage on biochemical and physiological traits of the ground beetle Poecilus cupreus. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1141-1151. [PMID: 37755556 PMCID: PMC10684619 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The intensifications in the agricultural landscape and the application of pesticides can cause adverse effects on the fitness of organisms in that landscape. Here, we investigated whether habitats with different agricultural pressures influenced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity - a biomarker for exposure to pesticides, respiration rate, and resistance to starvation in the ground beetle Poecilus cupreus. Two differently structured landscapes were selected for the study, one dominated by small (S) and another by large (L) fields. Within each landscape three habitat types were selected: in the S landscape, these were habitats with medium (M), small (S) and no canola (meadow, 0) coverage (i.e., SM, SS, S0), and in the L landscape habitats with large (L), medium (M) and no canola (meadow, 0) coverage (i.e., LL, LM, L0), representing different levels of agricultural pressure. The activity of AChE was the highest in beetles from canola-free habitats (S0 and L0), being significantly higher than in beetles from the SM and SS habitats. The mean respiration rate corrected for body mass was also the highest in S0 and L0 beetles, with significant differences between populations from L0 vs. SS and from S0 vs. SS. Only beetles from S0, SS, L0, and LM were numerous enough to assess the resistance to starvation. Individuals from the LM habitat showed better survival compared to the canola-free habitat in the same landscape (L0), whereas in S landscape the SS beetles survived worse than those from S0, suggesting that characteristics of L landscape may lead to developing mechanisms of starvation resistance of P. cupreus in response to agricultural pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Sowa
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Laskowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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Safari Murhububa I, Tougeron K, Bragard C, Fauconnier ML, Mugisho Bugeme D, Bisimwa Basengere E, Walangululu Masamba J, Hance T. The aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa (Hemiptera: Aphididae) takes advantage from the quality change in banana plant associated with Banana bunchy top virus infection. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1481-1489. [PMID: 37467484 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Viral diseases can change plant metabolism, with potential impacts on the quality of the plant's food supply for insect pests, including virus vectors. The banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, is the vector of the Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), the causal agent of Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD), the most devastating viral disease of bananas in the world. The effect of BBTV on the life-history traits and population dynamics of P. nigronervosa remains poorly understood. We therefore studied the survival rate, longevity, daily fecundity per aphid, tibia length, population growth, and winged morph production of a P. nigronervosa clone grown on healthy or infected, dessert, or plantain banana plants. We found that daily fecundity was higher on infected banana than on healthy banana plants (plantain and dessert), and on plantain than on dessert banana plants (healthy and infected). Survival and longevity were lower on infected dessert bananas than on other types of bananas. In addition, virus infection resulted in a decrease in aphid hind tibia length on both plant genotypes. The survival and fecundity table revealed that the aphid net reproduction rate (Ro) was highest on plantains (especially infected plantain), and the intrinsic growth rate (r) was highest on infected plants. Finally, the increase of aphids and alate production was faster first on infected plantain, then on healthy plantain, and lower on dessert banana (infected and uninfected). Our results reinforce the idea of indirect and plant genotype-dependent manipulation of P. nigronervosa by the BBTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignace Safari Murhububa
- Earth and Life Institute, Ecology and Biodiversity, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Institut Supérieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et Vétérinaires (ISEAV/Walungu), Walungu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kévin Tougeron
- Earth and Life Institute, Ecology and Biodiversity, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- UMR CNRS 7058 EDYSAN (Écologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- EIGC laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Claude Bragard
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - David Mugisho Bugeme
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Espoir Bisimwa Basengere
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Walangululu Masamba
- Institut Supérieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et Vétérinaires (ISEAV/Walungu), Walungu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Thierry Hance
- Earth and Life Institute, Ecology and Biodiversity, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Gul H, Ul Haq I, Ullah F, Khan S, Yaseen A, Shah SH, Tariq K, Güncan A, Desneux N, Liu X. Impact of sublethal concentrations of flonicamid on key demographic parameters and feeding behavior of Schizaphis graminum. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:756-767. [PMID: 37462788 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Flonicamid is a novel systemic insecticide that efficiently controls sap-sucking insect pests. However, the impact of sublethal concentrations of flonicamid on key demographic parameters and the feeding behavior of greenbug, Schizaphis graminum has not yet been studied. In this study, we used the age stage, two-sex life table approach, and electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) to investigate the sublethal effects of flonicamid on the biological traits and feeding behavior of S. graminum. Bioassays showed that flonicamid possesses high toxicity to adult S. graminum with LC50 of 5.111 mg L-1 following 48 h exposure. Sublethal concentrations of flonicamid (LC5 and LC10) significantly decreased the longevity and fecundity of directly exposed parental aphids (F0), while the reproductive days were reduced only at LC10. The pre-adult stage and total pre-reproductive period (TPRP) increased in F1 individuals after exposure of F0 aphids to the sublethal concentrations of flonicamid. Furthermore, the adult longevity, fecundity and key demographic parameters (R0, r, and λ) were significantly reduced in progeny generation (F1). EPG recordings showed that the total duration of phloem sap ingestion and concurrent salivation (E2) decreased substantially in F0 and F1 aphids after exposure to LC5 and LC10 of flonicamid. Taken together, our results showed that the sublethal concentrations of flonicamid affect the demographic parameters and feeding behavior that ultimately suppress the population growth of S. graminum. This study provides in-depth information about the overall effects of flonicamid on S. graminum that might help to manage this key pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanza Khan
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Yaseen
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Said Hussain Shah
- Insect Pest Management Program, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ali Güncan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, 52200, Ordu, Turkey.
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Horrocks KJ, Avila GA, Holwell GI, Suckling DM. Irradiation-induced sterility in an egg parasitoid and possible implications for the use of biological control in insect eradication. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12326. [PMID: 34112932 PMCID: PMC8192755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical biological control is a pest control tool involving the release of imported natural enemies. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) comprises releasing sexually sterile insects of a pest into the wild population for suppression or eradication. Both these approaches are environmentally friendly and their combination can result in a synergistic impact on pest populations and improve eradication. However, stringent regulation surrounding the introduction of biological control agents limits their use in eradication owing to the perceived risk of effects on non-target organisms. We investigated the irradiation biology of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis to ascertain whether sterile parasitoids could mitigate the risk of potential sustained non-target impacts. Mated female T. basalis were gamma-irradiated at doses between 120 and 150 Gy and exposed to egg masses of their host Nezara viridula throughout their lifespans. This resulted in host mortality, despite a substantial reduction in developing parasitoid offspring, which followed a negative dose-response. There was no emergence of parasitoid offspring at 140 Gy and above. Irradiation did not affect oviposition behaviour but caused an increase in longevity. Consequently, sterile parasitoids could possibly alleviate concerns regarding the irreversibility of biological control release, which promotes further investigation of their potential role in eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Jonathan Horrocks
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Gonzalo Andres Avila
- grid.27859.31The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland Mail Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1025 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Ian Holwell
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - David Maxwell Suckling
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand ,The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Christchurch Mail Centre, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hickman DT, Rasmussen A, Ritz K, Birkett MA, Neve P. Review: Allelochemicals as multi-kingdom plant defence compounds: towards an integrated approach. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:1121-1131. [PMID: 32902160 PMCID: PMC7891363 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The capability of synthetic pesticides to manage weeds, insect pests and pathogens in crops has diminished due to evolved resistance. Sustainable management is thus becoming more challenging. Novel solutions are needed and, given the ubiquity of biologically active secondary metabolites in nature, such compounds require further exploration as leads for novel crop protection chemistry. Despite improving understanding of allelochemicals, particularly in terms of their potential for use in weed control, their interactions with multiple biotic kingdoms have to date largely been examined in individual compounds and not as a recurrent phenomenon. Here, multi-kingdom effects in allelochemicals are introduced by defining effects on various organisms, before exploring current understanding of the inducibility and possible ecological roles of these compounds with regard to the evolutionary arms race and dose-response relationships. Allelochemicals with functional benefits in multiple aspects of plant defence are described. Gathering these isolated areas of science under the unified umbrella of multi-kingdom allelopathy encourages the development of naturally-derived chemistries conferring defence to multiple discrete biotic stresses simultaneously, maximizing benefits in weed, insect and pathogen control, while potentially circumventing resistance. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin T Hickman
- Rothamsted Research, HarpendenHertfordshireUK
- University of Nottingham, Sutton BoningtonLeicestershireUK
| | | | - Karl Ritz
- University of Nottingham, Sutton BoningtonLeicestershireUK
| | | | - Paul Neve
- Rothamsted Research, HarpendenHertfordshireUK
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Strobl V, Camenzind D, Minnameyer A, Walker S, Eyer M, Neumann P, Straub L. Positive Correlation between Pesticide Consumption and Longevity in Solitary Bees: Are We Overlooking Fitness Trade-Offs? INSECTS 2020; 11:E819. [PMID: 33233695 PMCID: PMC7699727 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous use of pesticides is one major driver for the current loss of biodiversity, and the common practice of simultaneously applying multiple agrochemicals may further contribute. Insect toxicology currently has a strong focus on survival to determine the potential hazards of a chemical routinely used in risk evaluations. However, studies revealing no effect on survival or even indicating enhanced survival are likely to be misleading, if potential trade-offs between survival and other physiological factors are overlooked. Here, we used standard laboratory experiments to investigate the sublethal (i.e., food consumption) and lethal (i.e., survival) effects of two common agricultural pesticides (Roundup® and clothianidin) on adult female solitary bees, Osmia bicornis. The data showed no significant effect of the treatment on cumulative survival; however, a significant positive correlation between herbicide and insecticide exposure and age was revealed, i.e., bees exposed to higher dosages lived longer. As no significant differences in daily food consumption were observed across treatment groups, increased food intake can be excluded as a factor leading to the prolonged survival. While this study does not provide data on fitness effects, two previous studies using solitary bees observed significant negative effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on fitness, yet not on survival. Thus, we conjecture that the observed non-significant effects on longevity may result from a trade-off between survival and reproduction. The data suggest that a focus on survival can lead to false-negative results and it appears inevitable to include fitness or at least tokens of fitness at the earliest stage in future risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Strobl
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Domenic Camenzind
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Angela Minnameyer
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Stephanie Walker
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Michael Eyer
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
| | - Peter Neumann
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
| | - Lars Straub
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (D.C.); (A.M.); (S.W.); (P.N.)
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Campos SO, Santana IV, Silva C, Santos-Amaya OF, Guedes RNC, Pereira EJG. Bt-induced hormesis in Bt-resistant insects: Theoretical possibility or factual concern? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109577. [PMID: 31446171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biphasic dose-response of a stressor where low amounts of a toxicant may stimulate some biological processes is a recent focus of attention in insecticide ecotoxicology. Nonetheless, the importance and management consequences of this phenomenon of pesticide-induced hormesis remain largely unrecognized. Curiously, the potential induction of hormesis by insecticidal proteins such as Bacillus thuringiensis toxins (i.e., Bt toxins), a major agriculture pest management tool of widespread use, has been wholly neglected. Thus, we aimed to circumvent this shortcoming while assessing the potential occurrence of hormesis induced by the Bt toxin Cry1Fa in its main target pest species - the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. Concentration-response bioassays were carried out in a Bt-susceptible and a Bt-resistant population providing the purified Cry1Fa toxin in artificial diet and recording the insect demographic parameters. As significant hormetic effect was detected in both populations with a significant increase in the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of population growth, the potential occurrence of Bt-induced hormesis was subsequently tested providing the insects with leaves from transgenic Bt maize expressing the toxic protein. The performance of the Bt-resistant insects was not different in both maize genotypes, indicating that the leaf expression of the Bt protein did not promote hormesis in the resistant insects. Thus, despite the Bt-induced hormesis detected in the purified protein bioassays, the phenomenon was not detected with current levels of Bt expression in maize minimizing the risk of this additional efficacy constraint besides that of field occurrence of Bt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvério O Campos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Isabella V Santana
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Cleomar Silva
- Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso, São Vicente da Serra, MT, Brazil
| | - Oscar F Santos-Amaya
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; Instituto Colombiano Agropecuário - ICA, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Raul Narciso C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Interações Planta-Praga, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Eliseu José G Pereira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Interações Planta-Praga, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
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Feng WB, Bong LJ, Dai SM, Neoh KB. Effect of imidacloprid exposure on life history traits in the agricultural generalist predator Paederus beetle: Lack of fitness cost but strong hormetic effect and skewed sex ratio. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:390-400. [PMID: 30849660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A trade-off between life history traits in the evolution of insecticide resistance is common in insects because energy acquisition is mainly channeled for detoxification enzyme production. In addition, sublethal exposure to insecticides may have an effect on the physiology and behaviors of surviving insects. Similar to other agricultural pests, pesticide use may have led to insecticide resistance in populations of Paederus fuscipes Curtis. In this study, we determined the median lethal time of 10 field-collected strains in Taiwan for three insecticides that are commonly employed to manage agricultural pests. We determined that the susceptibility of these strains to cyhalothrin and fenitrothion were similar, with resistance ratios (RRs) ranging from 1 to 4; however, significantly different to imidacloprid (RRs: 1-16). The effect of imidacloprid resistance on the life history traits studied of Paederus beetles was limited; only a prolonged egg incubation period, and adult longevity decreased as imidacloprid resistance increased. Regarding sublethal exposure to imidacloprid, adult sex ratios were female biased in most combinations, though nonsignificant. The quality of offspring, particularly the length of eggs significantly decreased. In addition, a hormetic effect was apparent when the individual was exposed to LT25 and LT50; mean fecundity per female increased from 12.80 ± 8.95 (± standard error [SE]) to 42.70 ± 13.77 eggs compared with that of the control (7.10 ± 1.32). However, the hormetic effect was inconsistent among the tested strains, possibly because of the difference in insecticide resistance levels given that reproductive compensation was absent among the resistant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Feng
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Jin Bong
- National Mosquito-borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Mei Dai
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Liang PZ, Ma KS, Chen XW, Tang CY, Xia J, Chi H, Gao XW. Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Flupyradifurone, a Novel Butenolide Insecticide, on the Development and Fecundity of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:852-858. [PMID: 30590572 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The cosmopolitan pest Aphis gossypii (Glover) causes considerable economic losses on various crops by its feeding damage and transmitting diseases around the world. Flupyradifurone is a novel butenolide pesticide; its toxicity on A. gossypii parent generation (F0) was estimated following treatment with LC25 concentration for 48 h. The adult longevity and fecundity of the F0 individuals treated by flupyradifurone showed no significant decrease in comparison with the control. Life table method was used to evaluate the sublethal effects on progeny population (F1). Results showed that the development time of the fourth instar and the preadult as well as the total pre-reproductive period were significantly prolonged, while their fecundity was significantly decreased compared with the control. Additionally, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate of increase (λ), and the net reproductive rate (R0) of F1 were all significantly lower in the group treated by LC25 than in the control group. These results reveal that the sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone could suppress the population growth of A. gossypii and indicate that this novel insecticide may be as a useful tool in pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Zhuo Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kang-Sheng Ma
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xue-Wei Chen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Tang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin Xia
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hsin Chi
- Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Xi-Wu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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Bong LJ, Tu WC, Neoh KB, Huang CG, Ting RX. The Effect of Insecticidal Stress on Reproductive Output of Susceptible and Field Strains of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:36-42. [PMID: 29040719 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of high egg reproduction when mortality risk rises is common in mosquitoes. However, the phenomenon may vary between insecticide susceptible and field-collected strains, due to the latter's decreased energy allocation in reproduction in the presence of insecticide resistance. In this study, we evaluated the effect of chlorpyrifos (CP) and temephos (TP) exposure on the oviposition and survival of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) using a susceptible strain (KHsm) and two field strains (KHly and TNnorth). We also dissected the female mosquitoes of each strain on fifth day after the first blood meal to examine the total number of eggs produced. Neither CP nor TP exhibited oviposition deterrent against female mosquitoes of any of the three strains, as the females did not show decreased reproduction activity on the insecticide-treated sites. Of the two insecticides tested, only CP had an adulticidal effect on Ae. aegypti. High mortality was recorded in KHsm after contacting the CP-treated oviposition sites on day 4. Before death, KHsm mosquitoes oviposited significantly more eggs compared to the two field strains. However, the difference of total egg production between susceptible and field-collected strains was subtle. Thus, the decreased reproductive output in field-collected strains might not be directly linked to energy and resource allocation. In this respect, we should consider the possible involvement of biogenic amines in the egg retention in field-collected strains when mortality risk rises. The phenomenon was not observed in nonadulticidal TP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Jin Bong
- National Mosquito-borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wu-Chun Tu
- National Mosquito-borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Gi Huang
- National Mosquito-borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rou-Xing Ting
- National Mosquito-borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
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Yuan HB, Li JH, Liu YQ, Cui L, Lu YH, Xu XY, Li Z, Wu KM, Desneux N. Lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects of the novel chiral neonicotinoid pesticide cycloxaprid on demographic and behavioral traits of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 24:743-752. [PMID: 27168374 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a key pest in cotton crops, notably owing to its increasing resistance to commonly used pesticides. Such resistance prompts for the development of integrated pest management (IPM) programs that include novel pesticides being effective against the aphid. In the present study, we assessed lethal and sublethal effects of cycloxaprid, a novel chiral neonicotinoid pesticide developed in China, on A. gossypii. The lethal concentration at 50% (LC50 ) value of cycloxaprid on A. gossypii was estimated, using the dipping method, at 7.73 mg/L. The impact of a sublethal concentration (LC10 ) and a lethal concentration (LC40 ) of cycloxaprid on A. gossypii population growth and feeding behavior (using electrical penetration graph technique [EPG]), and its transgenerational effect were further assessed. Adult longevity and fecundity significantly decreased after exposure to LC40 or LC10 of cycloxaprid. Cycloxaprid with sublethal concentrations (especially LC40 ) had negative effects on phloem ingestion by A. gossypii. Additionally, the offspring of the adults exposed to LC40 of cycloxaprid had shorter nymphal development duration and adult longevity than the control, and those from LC10 and LC40 treatments had lower adult fecundity and net productive rate. We demonstrated that cycloxaprid is a pesticide showing both lethal and sublethal activities, and transgenerational effects on A. gossypii; it may be useful for implementation in IPM programs against this aphid pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Hui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Xu
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Li
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kong-Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Sophia-Antipolis, France
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12
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Yusmalinar S, Anggraeni T, . K, Wibowo I, Eka Putra R, Ahmad I. Reproductive Ability Enhancement of Housefly (Musca domestica Linn) (Diptera: Muscidae) Through Hormesis by Application of Sublethal Doses of Imidacloprid and Permethrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/je.2017.199.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Papanastasiou SA, Bali EMD, Ioannou CS, Papachristos DP, Zarpas KD, Papadopoulos NT. Toxic and hormetic-like effects of three components of citrus essential oils on adult Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177837. [PMID: 28520791 PMCID: PMC5433767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant essential oils (EOs) and a wide range of their individual components are involved in a variety of biological interactions with insect pests including stimulatory, deterrent, toxic and even hormetic effects. Both the beneficial and toxic properties of citrus EOs on the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) have been experimentally evidenced over the last years. However, no information is available regarding the toxic or beneficial effects of the major components of citrus EOs via contact with the adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly. In the present study, we explored the toxicity of limonene, linalool and α-pinene (3 of the main compounds of citrus EOs) against adult medflies and identified the effects of sub-lethal doses of limonene on fitness traits in a relaxed [full diet (yeast and sugar)] and in a stressful (sugar only) feeding environment. Our results demonstrate that all three compounds inferred high toxicity to adult medflies regardless of the diet, with males being more sensitive than females. Sub-lethal doses of limonene (LD20) enhanced the lifespan of adult medflies when they were deprived of protein. Fecundity was positively affected when females were exposed to limonene sub-lethal doses. Therefore, limonene, a major constituent of citrus EOs, induces high mortality at increased doses and positive effects on life history traits of medfly adults through contact at low sub-lethal doses. A hormetic-like effect of limonene to adult medflies and its possible underlying mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella A. Papanastasiou
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Eleftheria-Maria D. Bali
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Charalampos S. Ioannou
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P. Papachristos
- Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas D. Zarpas
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
- * E-mail:
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14
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Rodrigues AS, Botina L, Nascimento CP, Gontijo LM, Torres JB, Guedes RNC. Ontogenic behavioral consistency, individual variation and fitness consequences among lady beetles. Behav Processes 2016; 131:32-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Haddi K, Mendes MV, Barcellos MS, Lino-Neto J, Freitas HL, Guedes RNC, Oliveira EE. Sexual Success after Stress? Imidacloprid-Induced Hormesis in Males of the Neotropical Stink Bug Euschistus heros. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156616. [PMID: 27284906 PMCID: PMC4902253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stress in newly-emerged adult insects can have dramatic consequences on their life traits (e.g., dispersion, survival and reproduction) as adults. For instance, insects sublethally exposed to environmental stressors (e.g., insecticides) can gain fitness benefits as a result of hormesis (i.e., benefits of low doses of compounds that would be toxic at higher doses). Here, we experimentally tested whether sublethal exposure to the insecticide imidacloprid would hormetically affect the sexual fitness of newly-emerged adults of the Neotropical brown stink bug Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), which is the most abundant and prevalent insect pest in Neotropical soybean fields. We evaluated the sexual fitness of four couple combinations: unexposed couples, exposed females, exposed males, and exposed couples. Sublethal exposure to dry residues (i.e., contact) of imidacloprid (at 1% of recommended field rate) did not affect insect survival, but led to higher mating frequencies when at least one member of the couple was exposed. However, the average mating duration was shortened when only females were exposed to imidacloprid. Moreover, exposed males showed higher locomotory (walking) activity, lower respiration rates and induced higher fecundity rates when mated to unexposed females. Although the reproductive tracts of exposed males did not differ morphometrically from unexposed males, their accessory glands exhibited positive reactions for acidic and basic contents. Our findings suggest that males of the Neotropical brown stink bug hormetically increase their sexual fitness when cued by impending insecticidal stress in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Haddi
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
- Science without Border Associate Researcher, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–000, Brasil
- * E-mail: (EEO); (KH)
| | - Marcos V. Mendes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
| | - Marcelo S. Barcellos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
| | - José Lino-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
| | - Hemerson L. Freitas
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
| | - Raul Narciso C. Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
| | - Eugênio E. Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570–900, Brasil
- * E-mail: (EEO); (KH)
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16
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Turchen LM, Golin V, Butnariu AR, Guedes RNC, Pereira MJB. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Insecticides on the Egg Parasitoid Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:84-92. [PMID: 26352754 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide use remains controversial, and subjected to increasing environmental and health concerns, even when recent insecticide groups are considered. Neonicotinoids and even bioinsecticides are in the forefront of discussions regarding their nontarget safety. The ubiquitous focus on the lethal effects of insecticides on nontarget species has been expanding to sublethal effects, as sublethal exposure extends for a longer time and affects a broader range of (nontarget) species. Here we explored the lethal and sublethal effects of a lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxan mixture, the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, and the bioinsecticide azadirachtin on the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi Ashmead, an important parasitoid of stink bug Euschistus heros (F.), a key soybean pest in neotropical America. Contact with dry insecticide residue on glass surface and (parasitized and healthy) host egg immersion exposure bioassays were performed, assessing their acute lethal effects, and their potential sublethal impairment of parasitism, adult emergence, and fertility of the egg parasitoid. Both imidacloprid and the insecticide mixture exhibited high acute lethal activity toward the parasitoid under contact with dry insecticide residue. These insecticides compromised parasitism and wasp emergence when exposure took place before parasitism. In contrast, azadirachtin did not affect adult survival. However, this bioinsecticide compromised parasitism and progeny production, impairing the female parasitoid reproductive potential. Our results indicate strong negative effects of imidacloprid, and specially of the mixture lambda-cyhalthrin + thiamethoxan. However, even azadirachtin, which exhibited low acute lethality, exhibited significant negative sublethal effects on parasitism and population growth of egg parasitoid, cautioning against their use and the need of semifield and field assessments to confirm such an impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Turchen
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT 78300-000, Brazil (; ; ),
| | - V Golin
- Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil , and
| | - A R Butnariu
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT 78300-000, Brazil (; ; )
| | - R N C Guedes
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
| | - M J B Pereira
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT 78300-000, Brazil (; ; )
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17
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Haddi K, Oliveira EE, Faroni LRA, Guedes DC, Miranda NNS. Sublethal Exposure to Clove and Cinnamon Essential Oils Induces Hormetic-Like Responses and Disturbs Behavioral and Respiratory Responses in Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 108:2815-2822. [PMID: 26318008 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils have been suggested as suitable alternatives for controlling insect pests. However, the potential adaptive responses elicited in insects for mitigating the actions of these compounds have not received adequate attention. Furthermore, as is widely reported with traditional insecticides, sublethal exposure to essential oils might induce stimulatory responses or contribute to the development of resistance strategies that can compromise the management of insect pests. The current study evaluated the locomotory and respiratory responses as well as the number of larvae per grain produced by the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, after being sublethally exposed to the essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L. The essential oils showed similar insecticidal toxicity (exposure route: contact with dried residues; Clove LC95 = 3.96 [2.78-6.75] µl/cm(2); Cinnamon LC95 = 3.47 [2.75-4.73] µl/cm(2)). A stimulatory effect on the median survival time (TL50) was observed when insects were exposed to low concentrations of each oil. Moreover, a higher number of larvae per grain was produced under sublethal exposure to clove essential oil. S. zeamais avoided the treated areas (in free-choice experiments) and altered their mobility when sublethally exposed to both essential oils. The respiratory rates of S. zeamais (i.e., CO2 production) were significantly reduced under low concentrations of the essential oils. We recommend the consideration of the potential sublethal effects elicited by botanical pesticides during the development of integrated pest management programs aiming to control S. zeamais.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Haddi
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil. Science Without Border Associate Researcher, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brasil.
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Lêda R A Faroni
- Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Natalie N S Miranda
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
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18
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Gulzar A, Wright DJ. Sub-lethal effects of Vip3A toxin on survival, development and fecundity of Heliothis virescens and Plutella xylostella. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:1815-1822. [PMID: 26162322 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of sub-lethal effects is important to interpret the overall insecticide efficacy in controlling insect pest populations. In addition to the lethal effect, sub-lethal effects may also occur in exposed insects. Vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips) have shown a broad spectrum of insecticidal activity against many insect pest species. In this study the sub-lethal effects of the Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal toxin Vip3A on the development and reproduction of Heliothis virescens F. and Plutella xylostella L. were evaluated in the laboratory. The results indicated that the sub-lethal concentration of Vip3A increased the duration of the larval and pupal stages as compared with the control treatment for both species. The percent pupation and percent adult emergence were significantly lower for Vip3A-treated insects. The proportion of pairs that produced eggs and the longevity of adults were not significantly different between treatments. H. virescens and P. xylostella treated with Vip3A showed an 11 and 17 % decrease in their intrinsic rate of increase (rm) respectively compared with untreated insects. The results from this study will be helpful to develop the strategy to incorporate Vip 3A containing crops in an integrated pest management programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Gulzar
- Department of Entomology, PMAS-AAU Rawalpindi, Muree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park campus, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK.
| | - Denis J Wright
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park campus, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK
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19
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Guedes RNC, Smagghe G, Stark JD, Desneux N. Pesticide-Induced Stress in Arthropod Pests for Optimized Integrated Pest Management Programs. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 61:43-62. [PMID: 26473315 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
More than six decades after the onset of wide-scale commercial use of synthetic pesticides and more than fifty years after Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, pesticides, particularly insecticides, arguably remain the most influential pest management tool around the globe. Nevertheless, pesticide use is still a controversial issue and is at the regulatory forefront in most countries. The older generation of insecticide groups has been largely replaced by a plethora of novel molecules that exhibit improved human and environmental safety profiles. However, the use of such compounds is guided by their short-term efficacy; the indirect and subtler effects on their target species, namely arthropod pest species, have been neglected. Curiously, comprehensive risk assessments have increasingly explored effects on nontarget species, contrasting with the majority of efforts focused on the target arthropod pest species. The present review mitigates this shortcoming by hierarchically exploring within an ecotoxicology framework applied to integrated pest management the myriad effects of insecticide use on arthropod pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - G Smagghe
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - J D Stark
- Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington 98371-4900;
| | - N Desneux
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France;
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