1
|
Zieren RC, Zondervan PJ, Pienta KJ, Bex A, de Reijke TM, Bins AD. Diagnostic liquid biopsy biomarkers in renal cell cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:133-157. [PMID: 37758847 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The clinical presentation of renal cell cancer (RCC) is shifting towards incidental and early detection, creating new challenges in RCC diagnosis. Overtreatment might be reduced with the development of new diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish benign from malignant small renal masses (SRMs). Differently from tissue biopsies, liquid biopsies are obtained from a patient's blood or urine and, therefore, are minimally invasive and suitable for longitudinal monitoring. The most promising types of liquid biopsy biomarkers for RCC diagnosis are circulating tumour cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) and cell-free DNA. Circulating tumour cell assays have the highest specificity, with low processing time and costs. However, the biological characteristics and low sensitivity limit the use of these markers in SRM diagnostics. Cell-free DNA might complement the diagnosis of high-volume RCC, but the potential for clinical application in SRMs is limited. EVs have the highest biological abundance and the highest sensitivity in identifying low-volume disease; moreover, the molecular characteristics of these markers make EVs suitable for multiple analytical applications. Thus, currently, EV assays have the greatest potential for diagnostic application in RCC (including identification of SRMs). All these liquid biomarkers have potential in clinical practice, pending validation studies. Biomarker implementation will be needed to also improve characterization of RCC subtypes. Last, diagnostic biomarkers might be extended to prognostic or predictive applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Zieren
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Patricia J Zondervan
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Axel Bex
- Specialist Centre for Kidney Cancer, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo M de Reijke
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan D Bins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao L, Yang W, Zhao X, Chen Z. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in renal cell cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00259-8. [PMID: 38378410 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a type of tumor with high morbidity and recurrence rates. The application of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in RCC remains controversial. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to elucidate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CTCs in RCC. To obtain a precise conclusion, a systematic search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane Database, Embase and Web of Science up to Dec 01, 2022. We also further identified the references in relevant studies. The diagnostic accuracy variables (sensitivity, specificity) and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to access precise of CTCs and relationship between CTCs and disease stages, respectively. Heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression and publishing bias were also applied. A total of 12 studies involving 767 patients were considered to be included in the final meta-analysis. The results revealed that the overall sensitivity, specificity of CTC detection in RCC were 45% (95%CI, 32-60%) and 99% (95%CI, 97-100%), respectively. In subgroup analysis, diagnostic sensitivity of CTCs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) (69%, 95%CI; 50-88%) was significantly higher than other RCC subtypes (34%, 95%CI; 21-48%) (p<0.05). Meanwhile, advanced diseases (stage III-IV) were more likely to find CTCs than localized diseases (stage I-II) (OR, 2.29; 95%CI, 1.37-3.83; p = 0.002). This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that CTC detection could be considered as a promising auxiliary diagnostic and staging method for RCC, especially ccRCC subtype. Meanwhile, the presence of cytokeratin-positive CTCs is highly likely associated with increased risk of poor prognosis in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, No. 1866 Han'an Avenue, Shizhong, Neijiang, 641000, China.
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, No. 1866 Han'an Avenue, Shizhong, Neijiang, 641000, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, No. 1866 Han'an Avenue, Shizhong, Neijiang, 641000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leitão TP, Corredeira P, Kucharczak S, Rodrigues M, Piairo P, Rodrigues C, Alves P, Cavaco AM, Miranda M, Antunes M, Ferreira J, Palma Reis J, Lopes T, Diéguez L, Costa L. Clinical Validation of a Size-Based Microfluidic Device for Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation and Analysis in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098404. [PMID: 37176111 PMCID: PMC10178884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents as metastatic disease in one third of cases. Research on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and liquid biopsies is improving the understanding of RCC biology and metastases formation. However, a standardized, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective CTC detection technique is lacking. The use of platforms solely relying on epithelial markers is inappropriate in RCC due to the frequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition that CTCs undergo. This study aimed to test and clinically validate RUBYchip™, a microfluidic label-free CTC detection platform, in RCC patients. The average CTC capture efficiency of the device was 74.9% in spiking experiments using three different RCC cell lines. Clinical validation was performed in a cohort of 18 patients, eight non-metastatic (M0), five metastatic treatment-naïve (M1TN), and five metastatic progressing-under-treatment (M1TP). An average CTC detection rate of 77.8% was found and the average (range) total CTC count was 6.4 (0-27), 101.8 (0-255), and 3.2 (0-10), and the average mesenchymal CTC count (both single and clustered cells) was zero, 97.6 (0-255), and 0.2 (0-1) for M0, M1TN, and M1TP, respectively. CTC clusters were detected in 25% and 60% of M0 and M1TN patients, respectively. These results show that RUBYchip™ is an effective CTC detection platform in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tito Palmela Leitão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Urology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Corredeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Kucharczak
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgsons gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Margarida Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Biological Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulina Piairo
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- RUBYnanomed Lda, Praça Conde de Agrolongo 123, 4700-312 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carolina Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Alves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Martins Cavaco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Miranda
- Urology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marília Antunes
- CEAUL-Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Palma Reis
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Urology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomé Lopes
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- RUBYnanomed Lda, Praça Conde de Agrolongo 123, 4700-312 Braga, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Couto-Cunha A, Jerónimo C, Henrique R. Circulating Tumor Cells as Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Ready for Prime Time? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010287. [PMID: 36612281 PMCID: PMC9818240 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among the 15 most common cancers worldwide, with rising incidence. In most cases, this is a silent disease until it reaches advance stages, demanding new effective biomarkers in all domains, from detection to post-therapy monitoring. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have the potential to provide minimally invasive information to guide assessment of the disease's aggressiveness and therapeutic strategy, representing a special pool of neoplastic cells which bear metastatic potential. In some tumor models, CTCs' enumeration has been associated with prognosis, but there is a largely unexplored potential for clinical applicability encompassing screening, diagnosis, early detection of metastases, prognosis, response to therapy and monitoring. Nonetheless, lack of standardization and high cost hinder the translation into clinical practice. Thus, new methods for collection and analysis (genomic, proteomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic and metabolomic) are needed to ascertain the role of CTC as a RCC biomarker. Herein, we provide a critical overview of the most recently published data on the role and clinical potential of CTCs in RCC, addressing their biology and the molecular characterization of this remarkable set of tumor cells. Furthermore, we highlight the existing and emerging techniques for CTC enrichment and detection, exploring clinical applications in RCC. Notwithstanding the notable progress in recent years, the use of CTCs in a routine clinical scenario of RCC patients requires further research and technological development, enabling multimodal analysis to take advantage of the wealth of information they provide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Couto-Cunha
- Integrated Master in Medicine, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group—Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (P.CCC Raquel Seruca), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group—Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (P.CCC Raquel Seruca), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
De Alwis R, Hansson J, Lindgren D, Schoch S, Tejera A, Scholtz B, Elfving P, Möller C, Nilsson H, Johansson M, Axelson H. Size‑based isolation and detection of renal carcinoma cells from whole blood. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:101. [PMID: 35463211 PMCID: PMC9022084 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a tumour type with an indolent growth pattern and rather vague symptoms. The present study developed a platform for liquid biopsy of RCC based upon the isolation of circulating tumour cells (CTCs). Founded on the observation that RCC tumour cells are considerably larger than leucocytes, the present study employed a microfluidics-based system for isolation of RCC CTCs from whole blood. Using this system, it was revealed that 66% of spiked-in RCC tumour cells could be retrieved using this approach. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that these cells could be molecularly detected with digital PCR using RCC-specific genes down to one tumour cell, whilst avoiding detection in samples lacking tumour cells. Finally, subtype specific transcripts were identified to distinguish the different subtypes of RCC, which were then validated in patient tumours. The present study established a novel workflow for the isolation of RCC CTCs from whole blood, with the potential to detect these cells irrespective of subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger De Alwis
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Hansson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Lindgren
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sarah Schoch
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Tejera
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bianca Scholtz
- Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Elfving
- Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christina Möller
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Helén Nilsson
- Center for Molecular Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Johansson
- Center for Molecular Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Håkan Axelson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen BH, Kao CC, Xu T, Yang YN, Cha TL, Tsai YT, Liu SY, Wu ST, Meng E, Tsao CW, Chen CL, Sun GH, Yu DS, Chang SY, Yang MH. Determining programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in circulating tumor cells of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with response to programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors. Int J Urol 2022; 29:947-954. [PMID: 35132699 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a great interest in determining whether the expression of the programmed cell death ligand 1 is correlated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma; however, primary tumor biopsies can only provide limited information. Therefore, we explored the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 on circulating tumor cells, which is a potential predictor of therapeutic response. METHODS Circulating tumor cells were isolated from 20 clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients based on cell surface markers targeting clear cell renal cell carcinoma using IsoFlux device, followed by identification according to cell morphology and immunofluorescence studies. Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression status and clinical correlations were also analyzed. RESULTS Before treatment with programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors, circulating tumor cells were detected in all patients, ranging from 1 to 22 (median 7), with 75% (15/20) of the patients having programmed cell death ligand 1 + circulating tumor cells. Circulating tumor cell programmed cell death ligand 1 expression did not correlate with the immunohistochemical staining of programmed cell death ligand 1 in primary tumors. During treatment with programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors, the disease control rate was much higher in the patients harboring programmed cell death ligand 1 + circulating tumor cells (73%, 11/15) than others (20%, 1/5). We also found that changes in total circulating tumor cell numbers and programmed cell death ligand 1 + circulating tumor cell counts correlated well with the disease outcome. CONCLUSION We showed that the presence of programmed cell death ligand 1 + circulating tumor cells before programmed cell death protein 1 inhibition treatment could be a prognosis predictive factor and that the dynamic changes in circulating tumor cell numbers may be used to monitor the therapeutic response. Our study confirms the possibility of programmed cell death ligand 1 + circulating tumor cell detection in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients' blood samples, which can potentially be used as an individualized immunotherapy molecular biomarker for real-time exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Han Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Kao
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting Xu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Lung Cha
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ta Tsai
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Tang Wu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En Meng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tsao
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Li Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Huan Sun
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sun-Yran Chang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Richard PO, Violette PD, Bhindi B, Breau RH, Kassouf W, Lavallée LT, Jewett M, Kachura JR, Kapoor A, Noel-Lamy M, Ordon M, Pautler SE, Pouliot F, So AI, Rendon RA, Tanguay S, Collins C, Kandi M, Shayegan B, Weller A, Finelli A, Kokorovic A, Nayak J. Canadian Urological Association guideline: Management of small renal masses - Full-text. Can Urol Assoc J 2022; 16:E61-E75. [PMID: 35133268 PMCID: PMC8932428 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.7763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O. Richard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe D. Violette
- Departments of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact (HEI) and Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bimal Bhindi
- Southern Alberta Institute of Urology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rodney H. Breau
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luke T. Lavallée
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Jewett
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John R. Kachura
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- McMaster Institute of Urology, St. Joseph Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maxime Noel-Lamy
- Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Interventional Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Ordon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen E. Pautler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Alan I. So
- Division of Urology, British Columbia Cancer Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ricardo A. Rendon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Capital Health - QEII, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Simon Tanguay
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Maryam Kandi
- Departments of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact (HEI) and Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bobby Shayegan
- McMaster Institute of Urology, St. Joseph Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Antonio Finelli
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Kokorovic
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jay Nayak
- Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vargová D, Ľupták J, Dargaj J, Fraňová S, Kocmálová M, Šutovský J, Švihra J, Škorňová I, Slávik P, Grendár M, Švihra J, Briš L, Šutovská M. Cytokines in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Step Towards Earlier Detection and Targeted Therapy. Invasive Diagnostics and Therapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
9
|
Cinque A, Capasso A, Vago R, Lee MW, Floris M, Trevisani F. The Role of Circulating Biomarkers in the Oncological Management of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Where Do We Stand Now? Biomedicines 2022; 10:90. [PMID: 35052770 PMCID: PMC8773056 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an increasingly common malignancy that can progress to metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in approximately one-third of RCC patients. The 5-year survival rate for mRCC is abysmally low, and, at the present time, there are sparingly few if any effective treatments. Current surgical and pharmacological treatments can have a long-lasting impact on renal function, as well. Thus, there is a compelling unmet need to discover novel biomarkers and surveillance methods to improve patient outcomes with more targeted therapies earlier in the course of the disease. Circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor DNA, noncoding RNA, proteins, extracellular vesicles, or cancer cells themselves potentially represent a minimally invasive tool to fill this gap and accelerate both diagnosis and treatment. Here, we discuss the clinical relevance of different circulating biomarkers in metastatic renal cell carcinoma by clarifying their potential role as novel biomarkers of response or resistance to treatments but also by guiding clinicians in novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin D, Shen L, Luo M, Zhang K, Li J, Yang Q, Zhu F, Zhou D, Zheng S, Chen Y, Zhou J. Circulating tumor cells: biology and clinical significance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:404. [PMID: 34803167 PMCID: PMC8606574 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have sloughed off the primary tumor and extravasate into and circulate in the blood. Understanding of the metastatic cascade of CTCs has tremendous potential for the identification of targets against cancer metastasis. Detecting these very rare CTCs among the massive blood cells is challenging. However, emerging technologies for CTCs detection have profoundly contributed to deepening investigation into the biology of CTCs and have facilitated their clinical application. Current technologies for the detection of CTCs are summarized herein, together with their advantages and disadvantages. The detection of CTCs is usually dependent on molecular markers, with the epithelial cell adhesion molecule being the most widely used, although molecular markers vary between different types of cancer. Properties associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness have been identified in CTCs, indicating their increased metastatic capacity. Only a small proportion of CTCs can survive and eventually initiate metastases, suggesting that an interaction and modulation between CTCs and the hostile blood microenvironment is essential for CTC metastasis. Single-cell sequencing of CTCs has been extensively investigated, and has enabled researchers to reveal the genome and transcriptome of CTCs. Herein, we also review the clinical applications of CTCs, especially for monitoring response to cancer treatment and in evaluating prognosis. Hence, CTCs have and will continue to contribute to providing significant insights into metastatic processes and will open new avenues for useful clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lesang Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfan Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Shaoxing, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Z, Zhang P, Chong Y, Xue Y, Yang X, Li H, Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Li Z, Xue L, Li H, Chong T. Perioperative Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), MCTCs, and CTC-White Blood Cells Detected by a Size-Based Platform Predict Prognosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Dis Markers 2021; 2021:9956142. [PMID: 34733376 PMCID: PMC8560287 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9956142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the clinical significance of the perioperative counts of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), mesenchymal CTCs (MCTCs), and CTC- white blood cells (WBCs) in renal cell carcinoma patients. A total of 131 patients with renal cancer who underwent operation excision from our hospital were enrolled. In addition, 20 patients with benign renal diseases were recruited as a control. Blood samples were collected from the 131 patients, before operation and 3 months after surgery. Samples were also obtained simultaneously from the control group. CanPatrol CTC detection technique was used to enrich and identify CTCs, MCTCs, and CTC-WBCs. All enrolled patients were T1-3N0M0. From these, 52 patients with renal cancer underwent radical resection, while other 79 patients underwent nephron-sparing surgery. The positive rate of CTC, MCTC, and CTC-WBC before surgery were 95.4% (125/131), 61.1% (80/131), and 11.5% (15/131), respectively. Preoperative total CTCs, MCTCs, or CTC-WBCs were poorly correlated with patients' parameters. Preoperative CTC, MCTC, or CTC-WBC showed no association with progression-free survival (PFS). In contrast, postoperative total CTCs (≥6), positive MCTCs, and positive CTC-WBCs significantly correlated with recurrence and metastasis. These results remained independent indicators for worse PFS. In addition, the increased CTC and MCTC count after surgery also correlated with unfavorable PFS. The detection of six or more total CTCs, MCTC, or CTC-WBCs in peripheral blood after surgery might help to identify a subset of patients that have higher recurrent risk than the overall population of patients with at different stages of renal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Yue Chong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, China
| | - Yuquan Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Zhaolun Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - HongLiang Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| | - Tie Chong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeuschner P, Zaccagnino A, Junker K. [Biomarkers for renal cell tumours]. Aktuelle Urol 2021; 52:452-463. [PMID: 34157774 DOI: 10.1055/a-1517-6259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
During the last three decades, renal tumours have become increasingly well differentiated on the basis of their histopathological and molecular features. This subtyping has increasingly impacted clinical practice because more therapeutic options are available in organ-confined and metastatic renal cell tumours. The knowledge of the underlying molecular alterations is essential to develop molecular targeted therapies and to select the most effective systemic therapy for each patient. This manuscript gives an overview of the molecular differentiation on the one hand, and on diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers on the other hand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Zeuschner
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - Angela Zaccagnino
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bade RM, Schehr JL, Emamekhoo H, Gibbs BK, Rodems TS, Mannino MC, Desotelle JA, Heninger E, Stahlfeld CN, Sperger JM, Singh A, Wolfe SK, Niles DJ, Arafat W, Steinharter JA, Jason Abel E, Beebe DJ, Wei XX, McKay RR, Choueri TK, Lang JM. Development and initial clinical testing of a multiplexed circulating tumor cell assay in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2330-2344. [PMID: 33604999 PMCID: PMC8410529 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although therapeutic options for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have increased in the past decade, no biomarkers are yet available for patient stratification or evaluation of therapy resistance. Given the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), tumor biopsies provide limited clinical utility, but liquid biopsies could overcome these limitations. Prior liquid biopsy approaches have lacked clinically relevant detection rates for patients with ccRCC. This study employed ccRCC-specific markers, CAIX and CAXII, to identify circulating tumor cells (CTC) from patients with metastatic ccRCC. Distinct subtypes of ccRCC CTCs were evaluated for PD-L1 and HLA-I expression and correlated with patient response to therapy. CTC enumeration and expression of PD-L1 and HLA-I correlated with disease progression and treatment response, respectively. Longitudinal evaluation of a subset of patients demonstrated potential for CTC enumeration to serve as a pharmacodynamic biomarker. Further evaluation of phenotypic heterogeneity among CTCs is needed to better understand the clinical utility of this new biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory M. Bade
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erika Heninger
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | - Jamie M. Sperger
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Anupama Singh
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | - David J. Niles
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Waddah Arafat
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - John A. Steinharter
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - E. Jason Abel
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - David J. Beebe
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Xiao X. Wei
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Rana R. McKay
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Toni K. Choueri
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song J, Yu Z, Dong B, Zhu M, Guo X, Ma Y, Zhao S, Yang T. Clinical significance of circulating tumour cells and Ki-67 in renal cell carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:156. [PMID: 34034739 PMCID: PMC8152311 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumour of the genitourinary system. We aimed to analyse the potential value of metastasis-related biomarkers, circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and the proliferative marker Ki-67 in the diagnosis of RCC. Methods Data from 24 laparoscopic radical nephrectomies (RNs) and 17 laparoscopic partial nephrectomies (PNs) were collected in 2018. The numbers and positive rates of CTCs and circulating tumour microemboli (CTM) in the peripheral blood were obtained at three different time points: just before surgery, immediately after surgery and 1 week after surgery. Ki-67 protein expression was evaluated in the RCC tissue by immunohistochemistry. Results Except for the statistically significant association between the preoperative CTC counts and tumour size, no association between the number and positive rate of perioperative CTCs and clinicopathological features was found. The CTC counts gradually decreased during the perioperative period, and at 1 week after surgery, they were significantly lower than those before surgery. High Ki-67 expression was significantly positively correlated with preoperative CTC counts. In addition, Ki-67 expression was higher in the high CTC group (≥ 5 CTCs). Conclusion Our results suggest that surgical nephrectomy is associated with a decrease in CTC counts in RCC patients. CTCs can act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of RCC. A careful and sufficient long-term follow-up is needed for patients with high preoperative CTC counts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02268-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Song
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingqi Dong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingkai Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkang Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tiejun Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Palmela Leitão T, Miranda M, Polido J, Morais J, Corredeira P, Alves P, Oliveira T, Pereira E Silva R, Fernandes R, Ferreira J, Palma Reis J, Lopes T, Costa L. Circulating tumor cell detection methods in renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 161:103331. [PMID: 33862248 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have a potential role as the missing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) biomarker. However, the available evidence is limited, and detection methods lack standardization, hindering clinical use. We performed a systematic review on CTC enrichment and detection methods, and its role as a biomarker in RCC. Full-text screening identified 54 studies. Reviewed studies showed wide heterogeneity, low evidence level, and high risk of bias. Various CTC detection platforms and molecular markers have been used, but none has proven to be superior. CTC detection and CTC count seem to correlate with staging and survival outcomes, although evidence is inconsistent. CTC research is still in an exploratory phase, particularly in RCC. Further studies are still necessary to achieve a standardization of techniques, molecular markers, CTC definitions, and terminology. This is essential to ascertain the role of CTCs as a biomarker and guide future liquid biopsy research in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tito Palmela Leitão
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Miranda
- Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Polido
- Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Morais
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Corredeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Alves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Oliveira
- Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Pereira E Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Ferreira
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Palma Reis
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomé Lopes
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rushton AJ, Nteliopoulos G, Shaw JA, Coombes RC. A Review of Circulating Tumour Cell Enrichment Technologies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050970. [PMID: 33652649 PMCID: PMC7956528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are cancer cells shed into the bloodstream from tumours and their analysis can provide important insights into cancer detection and monitoring, with the potential to direct personalised therapies for the patient. These CTCs are rare in the blood, which makes their detection and enrichment challenging and to date, only one technology (the CellSearch) has gained FDA approval for determining the prognosis of patients with advanced breast, prostate and colorectal cancers. Here, we review the wide range of enrichment technologies available to isolate CTCs from other blood components and highlight the important characteristics that new technologies should possess for routine clinical use. Abstract Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are the precursor cells for the formation of metastatic disease. With a simple blood draw, liquid biopsies enable the non-invasive sampling of CTCs from the blood, which have the potential to provide important insights into cancer detection and monitoring. Since gaining FDA approval in 2004, the CellSearch system has been used to determine the prognosis of patients with metastatic breast, prostate and colorectal cancers. This utilises the cell surface marker Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), to enrich CTCs, and many other technologies have adopted this approach. More recently, the role of mesenchymal-like CTCs in metastasis formation has come to light. It has been suggested that these cells are more aggressive metastatic precursors than their epithelial counterparts; however, mesenchymal CTCs remain undetected by EpCAM-based enrichment methods. This has prompted the development of a variety of ‘label free’ enrichment technologies, which exploit the unique physical properties of CTCs (such as size and deformability) compared to other blood components. Here, we review a wide range of both immunocapture and label free CTC enrichment technologies, summarising the most significant advantages and disadvantages of each. We also highlight the important characteristics that technologies should possess for routine clinical use, since future developments could have important clinical implications, with the potential to direct personalised therapies for patients with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J. Rushton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK; (G.N.); (R.C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Georgios Nteliopoulos
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK; (G.N.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Jacqueline A. Shaw
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK;
| | - R. Charles Coombes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK; (G.N.); (R.C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ozensoy Guler O, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Carbonic anhydrase IX as a novel candidate in liquid biopsy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:255-260. [PMID: 31790601 PMCID: PMC6896409 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1697251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the diagnostic techniques for the identification of tumour biomarkers, the liquid biopsy is considered one that offers future research on precision diagnosis and treatment of tumours in a non-invasive manner. The approach consists of isolating tumor-derived components, such as circulating tumour cells (CTC), tumour cell-free DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), from the patient peripheral blood fluids. These elements constitute a source of genomic and proteomic information for cancer treatment. Within the tumour-derived components of the body fluids, the enzyme indicated with the acronym CA IX and belonging to the superfamily of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) is a promising aspirant for checking tumours. CA IX is a transmembrane-CA isoform that is strongly overexpressed in many cancers being not much diffused in healthy tissues except the gastrointestinal tract. Here, it is summarised the role of CA IX as tumour-associated protein and its putative relationship in liquid biopsyfor diagnosing and monitoring cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozen Ozensoy Guler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Claudiu. T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Firenze, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nayak B, Panaiyadiyan S, Singh P, Karmakar S, Kaushal S, Seth A. Role of circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2020; 39:135.e9-135.e15. [PMID: 33250345 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have been demonstrated to have prognostic and predictive role in certain human cancers. However, studies exploring their role in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive role of CTC in mRCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, 35 patients with mRCC were analyzed for the presence of CTC before starting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Progression-free and overall survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. The prediction to TKI therapy was calculated with the response to treatment determined by standard imaging techniques. RESULTS Outcomes were assessed according to the CTC positivity at baseline, before the patients started TKI for mRCC. At a mean follow-up of 12.4 ± 4.1 months, disease progression was noted in 17 patients (48.6%) including 8 deaths (22.9%). CTC positive patients had a significantly lower progression-free survival rate (12.5% vs. 64.1%, respectively; P = 0.009) but not in the overall survival rate (75% vs. 76.3%, respectively; P = 0.88) in the Kaplan-Meier estimation curves. CTC positivity at baseline significantly predicted a poorer response to TKI (87.5% vs. 37.1%, P = 0.01). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that CTC at baseline was the most significant predictor of progression-free survival (hazard ratio 4.17, 95% confidence interval 1.41-11.99, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Baseline CTC detection can be an important prognostic factor of progression-free survival and significant predictor of poor response to TKI in patients with metastatic RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brusabhanu Nayak
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sridhar Panaiyadiyan
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Prabhjot Singh
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Kaushal
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amlesh Seth
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Courcier J, de la Taille A, Nourieh M, Leguerney I, Lassau N, Ingels A. Carbonic Anhydrase IX in Renal Cell Carcinoma, Implications for Disease Management. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7146. [PMID: 32998233 PMCID: PMC7582814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a well-described enzyme in renal cell carcinoma, with its expression being regulated by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, it is known for interfering with hypoxia processes. Renal carcinoma encompasses a broad spectrum of histological entities and is also described as a heterogeneous malignant tumor. Recently, various combinations of checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies have been validated to manage this disease. Reliable markers to confirm the diagnosis, estimate the prognosis, predict or monitor the treatment response are required. Molecular imaging developments allow a comprehensive analysis of the tumor, overcoming the spatial heterogeneity issue. CAIX, being highly expressed at the tumor cell surfaces of clear cell renal carcinoma, also represents a potential treatment target. In this manuscript we reviewed the current knowledge from the literature on the pathophysiological interactions between renal cell carcinoma and CAIX, the role of CAIX as a marker for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring and molecular imaging, and the potential target for therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/genetics
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/immunology
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Disease Management
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Hypoxia/diagnostic imaging
- Hypoxia/drug therapy
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/immunology
- Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/immunology
- Molecular Imaging/methods
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Prognosis
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Courcier
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.C.); (I.L.); (N.L.)
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Alexandre de la Taille
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Maya Nourieh
- Department of Pathology, Henri Mondor Hospital, UPEC, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Ingrid Leguerney
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.C.); (I.L.); (N.L.)
| | - Nathalie Lassau
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.C.); (I.L.); (N.L.)
- Department of Imaging, Institute Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Ingels
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.C.); (I.L.); (N.L.)
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ahrens TD, Bang-Christensen SR, Jørgensen AM, Løppke C, Spliid CB, Sand NT, Clausen TM, Salanti A, Agerbæk MØ. The Role of Proteoglycans in Cancer Metastasis and Circulating Tumor Cell Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:749. [PMID: 32984308 PMCID: PMC7479181 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are accessible by liquid biopsies via an easy blood draw. They represent not only the primary tumor site, but also potential metastatic lesions, and could thus be an attractive supplement for cancer diagnostics. However, the analysis of rare CTCs in billions of normal blood cells is still technically challenging and novel specific CTC markers are needed. The formation of metastasis is a complex process supported by numerous molecular alterations, and thus novel CTC markers might be found by focusing on this process. One example of this is specific changes in the cancer cell glycocalyx, which is a network on the cell surface composed of carbohydrate structures. Proteoglycans are important glycocalyx components and consist of a protein core and covalently attached long glycosaminoglycan chains. A few CTC assays have already utilized proteoglycans for both enrichment and analysis of CTCs. Nonetheless, the biological function of proteoglycans on clinical CTCs has not been studied in detail so far. Therefore, the present review describes proteoglycan functions during the metastatic cascade to highlight their importance to CTCs. We also outline current approaches for CTC assays based on targeting proteoglycans by their protein cores or their glycosaminoglycan chains. Lastly, we briefly discuss important technical aspects, which should be considered for studying proteoglycans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa D Ahrens
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara R Bang-Christensen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VarCT Diagnostics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Løppke
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte B Spliid
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicolai T Sand
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Clausen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ali Salanti
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Ø Agerbæk
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VarCT Diagnostics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bu J, Nair A, Kubiatowicz LJ, Poellmann MJ, Jeong WJ, Reyes-Martinez M, Armstrong AJ, George DJ, Wang AZ, Zhang T, Hong S. Surface engineering for efficient capture of circulating tumor cells in renal cell carcinoma: From nanoscale analysis to clinical application. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 162:112250. [PMID: 32392161 PMCID: PMC10510655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients' peripheral blood facilitates on-demand monitoring of tumor progression. However, clinically significant capture of renal cell carcinoma CTCs (RCC-CTCs) remains elusive due to their heterogenous surface receptor expression. Herein, a novel capture platform is developed to detect RCC-CTCs through integration of dendrimer-mediated multivalent binding, a mixture of antibodies, and biomimetic cell rolling. The nanoscale binding kinetics measured using atomic force microscopy reveal that dendrimer-coated surfaces exhibit an order of magnitude enhancement in off-rate kinetics compared to surface without dendrimers, which translated into cell capture improvements by ~60%. Selectin-induced cell rolling facilitates surface recruitment of cancer cells, further improving cancer cell capture by up to 1.7-fold. Lastly, an antibody cocktail targeting four RCC-CTC surface receptors, which included epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met), improves the capture of RCC cells by up to 80%. The optimal surface configuration outperforms the conventional assay solely relying on EpCAM, as demonstrated by detecting significantly more CTCs in patients' samples (9.8 ± 5.1 vs. 1.8 ± 2.0 CTCs mL-1). These results demonstrate that the newly engineered capture platform effectively detects RCC-CTCs for their potential use as tumor biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Bu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ashita Nair
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Luke J Kubiatowicz
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Michael J Poellmann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Jeong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Marco Reyes-Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Daniel J George
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Yonsei Frontier Lab and Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tian D, Zhang M, Zheng G, Zhang Y, Li Y, Lin P, Li H, Jiao W, Niu H. Clinical significance of phenotyping and karyotyping of detecting circulating tumor cells in renal cell carcinoma using subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH). Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:2281-7. [PMID: 32748196 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a noninvasive detection technology have become a research hotspot in the field of precision medicine. However, CTC detection faces great challenges with respect to specificity and sensitivity. METHODS We divided 39 subjects into three groups: renal carcinoma, renal stones and healthy persons. Using subtraction enrichment (SE) combined with immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization technology, we identified and characterized CTCs. CTCs were identified as DAPI +/CD45-/PanCK + (-). We explored whether the number of CTCs was related to clinicopathological factors and their clinical application. RESULTS The CTC count in the renal carcinoma group (29/39) was 86.20% using a cut-off value of 1 CTC, which was significantly higher than that of other technologies in detecting CTCs, demonstrating that SE-iFISH technology can be used for CTC detection. The CTC count was much higher in the renal carcinoma group than that in the other control groups, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.931 (95% confidence interval 0.851 to 1.000, P < 0.01). In addition, the tetraploid count on chromosome 8 of T4 stage renal carcinoma was much higher than that of other stages (T1-T3), which may suggest that tetraploid count could be a marker of renal carcinoma prognosis and influence treatment decisions for better clinical management. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that SE-iFISH technology can be used to detect CTCs in renal carcinoma with high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the analysis of CTCs with SE-iFISH has clear potential to improve the management of patients with renal carcinoma.
Collapse
|
23
|
Cimadamore A, Aurilio G, Nolé F, Massari F, Scarpelli M, Santoni M, Lopez-Beltran A, Cheng L, Montironi R. Update on Circulating Tumor Cells in Genitourinary Tumors with Focus on Prostate Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:E1495. [PMID: 32575429 PMCID: PMC7348874 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current developments in the treatment of genitourinary tumors underline the unmet clinical need for biomarkers to improve decision-making in a challenging clinical setting. The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has become one of the most exciting and important new approaches to identifying biomarkers at different stages of disease in a non-invasive way. Potential applications of CTCs include monitoring treatment efficacy and early detection of progression, selecting tailored therapies, as well as saving treatment costs. However, despite the promising implementation of CTCs in a clinical scenario, the isolation and characterization of these cells for molecular studies remain expensive with contemporary platforms, and significant technical challenges still need to be overcome. This updated, critical review focuses on the state of CTCs in patients with genitourinary tumor with focus on prostate cancer, discussing technical issues, main clinical results and hypothesizing potential future perspectives in clinical scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Gaetano Aurilio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumours, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Franco Nolé
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumours, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Francesco Massari
- Division of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62100 Macerata, Italy;
| | | | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 462020, USA;
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Deleuze A, Saout J, Dugay F, Peyronnet B, Mathieu R, Verhoest G, Bensalah K, Crouzet L, Laguerre B, Belaud-Rotureau MA, Rioux-Leclercq N, Kammerer-Jacquet SF. Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Future Is Now. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072532. [PMID: 32260578 PMCID: PMC7177761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is the third type of urologic cancer and has a poor prognosis with 30% of metastatic patients at diagnosis. The antiangiogenics and targeted immunotherapies led to treatment remodeling emphasizing the role of the tumour microenvironment. However, long-term responses are rare with a high rate of resistance. New strategies are emerging to improve the efficacy and the emerging drugs are under evaluation in ongoing trials. With the different treatment options, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers in order to predict the efficacy of drugs and to better stratify patients. Owing to the limitations of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the most studied immunohistochemistry biomarkers, and of the tumor mutational burden, the identification of more reliable markers is an unmet need. New technologies could help in this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Deleuze
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, 35000 Rennes, France; (L.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Judikaël Saout
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
| | - Frédéric Dugay
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Cytogenetics, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Benoit Peyronnet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France; (B.P.); (G.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Romain Mathieu
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France; (B.P.); (G.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Gregory Verhoest
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France; (B.P.); (G.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France; (B.P.); (G.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Laurence Crouzet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, 35000 Rennes, France; (L.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Brigitte Laguerre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Eugene Marquis, 35000 Rennes, France; (L.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Cytogenetics, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Solène-Florence Kammerer-Jacquet
- Université Rennes, Inserm, EHESP (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique), IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.D.); (J.S.); (F.D.); (R.M.); (M.-A.B.-R.); (N.R.-L.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-2-99-28-42-79; Fax: +33-2-99-28-42-84
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cappelletti V, Verzoni E, Ratta R, Vismara M, Silvestri M, Montone R, Miodini P, Reduzzi C, Claps M, Sepe P, Daidone MG, Procopio G. Analysis of Single Circulating Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma Reveals Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Genomic Alterations Related to Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041475. [PMID: 32098246 PMCID: PMC7073151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are promising biomarkers for prognosis, therapeutic response prediction, and treatment monitoring in cancer patients. Despite its epithelial origin, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) shows low expression of epithelial markers hindering CTC-enrichment approaches exploiting epithelial cell surface proteins. In 21 blood samples serially collected from 10 patients with metastatic RCC entering the TARIBO trial, we overcame this limitation using the marker-independent Parsortix™ approach for CTC-enrichment coupled with positive and negative selection with the DEPArray™ with single cell recovery and analysis for copy number alterations (CNA) by next generation sequencing NGS. Two CTC subpopulations were identified: epithelial CTC (eCTC) and non-conventional CTC (ncCTC) lacking epithelial and leukocyte markers. With a threshold ≥1CTC/10 mL of blood, the positivity rates were 28% for eCTC, 62% for ncCTCs, and 71% considering both CTC types. In two patients with detectable eCTCs at baseline, progression free survival was less than 5 months. In an index case, hierarchical structure by translational oncology (TRONCO) identified three clones among 14 CTCs collected at progression and at baseline, each containing cells with a 9p21.3loss, a well-known metastasis driving subclonal alteration. CTCs detection in RCC can be increased by marker-independent approaches, and CTC molecular characterization can allow detection of subclonal events possibly related to tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Cappelletti
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.R.); (M.C.); (P.S.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-2-2390-4449; Fax: +39-2-2390-2149
| | - Raffaele Ratta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.R.); (M.C.); (P.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Marta Vismara
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Marco Silvestri
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Rosanna Montone
- Clinical Trial Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Miodini
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Carolina Reduzzi
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.R.); (M.C.); (P.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.R.); (M.C.); (P.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (M.V.); (M.S.); (P.M.); (C.R.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy; (R.R.); (M.C.); (P.S.); (G.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Haga N. ASO Author Reflections: Increase of Circulating Tumor Cells After Open Radical Nephrectomy Compared with Other Surgical Modalities. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:1282-1283. [PMID: 31933219 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dong J, Chen JF, Smalley M, Zhao M, Ke Z, Zhu Y, Tseng HR. Nanostructured Substrates for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Rare Cells: From Materials Research to Clinical Applications. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1903663. [PMID: 31566837 PMCID: PMC6946854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Circulating rare cells in the blood are of great significance for both materials research and clinical applications. For example, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been demonstrated as useful biomarkers for "liquid biopsy" of the tumor. Circulating fetal nucleated cells (CFNCs) have shown potential in noninvasive prenatal diagnostics. However, it is technically challenging to detect and isolate circulating rare cells due to their extremely low abundance compared to hematologic cells. Nanostructured substrates offer a unique solution to address these challenges by providing local topographic interactions to strengthen cell adhesion and large surface areas for grafting capture agents, resulting in improved cell capture efficiency, purity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. In addition, rare-cell retrieval strategies, including stimulus-responsiveness and additive reagent-triggered release on different nanostructured substrates, allow for on-demand retrieval of the captured CTCs/CFNCs with high cell viability and molecular integrity. Several nanostructured substrate-enabled CTC/CFNC assays are observed maturing from enumeration and subclassification to molecular analyses. These can one day become powerful tools in disease diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and dynamic monitoring of therapeutic response-paving the way for personalized medical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiantong Dong
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Matthew Smalley
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Yazhen Zhu
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li N, Zuo H, Chen L, Liu H, Zhou J, Yao Y, Xu B, Gong H, Weng Y, Hu Q, Song Q, Peng M, Cheng Y. Circulating Tumor Cell Detection In Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Using Dual-Component Antibodies Targeting EpCAM And FRα. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10939-10948. [PMID: 32021417 PMCID: PMC6978676 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s211455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection methods based on epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) have low detection rates in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Meanwhile, folate receptor alpha (FRα) has high expression in EOC cells. We explored the feasibility of combining FRα and EpCAM as CTC capture targets in EOC. Patients and methods EpCAM and FRα antibodies were linked to magnetic nanospheres (MNs) using the principle of carbodiimide chemistry. Blood samples from healthy donor spiked with A2780 ovarian cancer cells were used for detecting the capture rate. Ninety-five blood samples from 30 patients with EOC were used for comparing the positive rate of detection when using anti-EpCAM-MNs alone with that when using combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs. Samples from 28 patients initially diagnosed with EOC and 20 patients with ovarian benign disease were used for evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs. Results Regression analysis between the number of recovered and that of spiked A2780 cells revealed yEpCAM = 0.535x (R2 = 0.99), yFRα = 0.901x (R2 = 0.99), and yEpCAM+FRα = 0.928x (R2 = 0.99). In mixtures of A2780 and MCF7 cells, the capture rate was 92% using the combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs, exceeding the rate when using anti-EpCAM-MNs or anti-FRα-MNs alone by approximately 20% (P < 0.01). The combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs showed a significantly increased positive rate of CTC detection in EOC patients compared with anti-EpCAM-MNs alone (χ2 = 14.45, P < 0.001). Sensitivity values were 0.536 and 0.75 and specificity values were 0.9 and 0.85 when using anti-EpCAM-MNs alone and when using the combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs, respectively. Conclusion The combination of FRα and EpCAM is feasible as a CTC capture target of CTC detection in patients with EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zuo
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Luojun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Liu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Gong
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Weng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qibin Song
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
In the fight against cancer, early detection is a key factor for successful treatment. However, the detection of cancer in the early stage has been hindered by the intrinsic limits of conventional cancer diagnostic methods. Nanotechnology provides high sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexed measurement capacity and has therefore been investigated for the detection of extracellular cancer biomarkers and cancer cells, as well as for in vivo imaging. This review summarizes the latest developments in nanotechnology applications for cancer diagnosis. In addition, the challenges in the translation of nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods into clinical applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Maoyu Li
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaomei Gao
- Department of Pathology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Haga N, Onagi A, Koguchi T, Hoshi S, Ogawa S, Akaihata H, Hata J, Hiraki H, Honda R, Tanji R, Matsuoka K, Kataoka M, Sato Y, Ishibashi K, Kojima Y. Perioperative Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Radical or Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 27:1272-1281. [PMID: 31832914 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was conducted to clarify the frequency of systemic circulating tumor cells (CTCs) appearing after surgery for renal cell carcinoma and to evaluate the differences in postoperative CTCs between different surgical procedures. METHODS This prospective, cohort study included 60 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (RN) (n = 22), laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (PN) (n = 19), open RN (n = 8), or open PN (n = 11). In this study CTCs were measured by the FISHMAN-R system, and CTCs drawn from a peripheral artery were collected just before and immediately after surgery. The number of pre- and postoperative CTCs and the perioperative changes in CTCs were measured for each surgical method. RESULTS Six patients were excluded from the current analyses. Preoperative CTCs did not differ significantly by surgical approach (laparoscopic RN: 3.4 ± 4.2; laparoscopic PN: 3.4 ± 4.1; open RN: 7.7 ± 6.8; open PN: 6.0 ± 7.6; P = 0.19). Open RN resulted in a significantly greater number of postoperative CTCs (laparoscopic RN: 4.8 ± 3.7; laparoscopic PN: 7.9 ± 9.1; open RN: 22.5 ± 26.3; open PN: 6.4 ± 6.3; P < 0.001) and perioperative changes in CTCs (laparoscopic RN: 1.3 ± 5.3; laparoscopic PN: 4.5 ± 9.6; open RN: 14.7 ± 25.0; open PN: 0.4 ± 6.3; P < 0.001). No significant differences in these were observed among the three groups except in the open RN group. In the multivariate analysis, the surgical approach was significantly correlated with the number of postoperative CTCs (P = 0.016) and the perioperative change in CTCs (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept study indicated that after surgery, more cancer cells can be expelled into the bloodstream, especially after open RN. Sufficient and careful follow-up assessment for the emergence of distant metastases is needed for patients undergoing open RN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Akifumi Onagi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koguchi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seiji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaihata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hiraki
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ruriko Honda
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanji
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kanako Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masao Kataoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kei Ishibashi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cimadamore A, Scarpelli M, Santoni M, Massari F, Tartari F, Cerqueti R, Lopez-Beltran A, Cheng L, Montironi R. Genitourinary Tumors: Update on Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Prediction of Response to Therapy. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:305-312. [PMID: 30799789 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190225124352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research of biomarkers in genitourinary tumors goes along with the development of complex emerging techniques ranging from next generation sequencing platforms, applied to archival pathology specimens, cytological samples, liquid biopsies, and to patient-derived tumor models. METHODS This contribution is an update on molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to therapy in genitourinary tumors. The following major topics are dealt with: Immunological biomarkers, including the microbiome, and their potential role and caveats in renal cell carcinoma, bladder and prostate cancers and testicular germ cell tumors; Tissue biomarkers for imaging and therapy, with emphasis on Prostate-specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer; Liquid biomarkers in prostate cancer, including circulating tumor cell isolation and characterization in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer with emphasis on biomarkers detectable in the urine and testicular germ cell tumors; and Biomarkers and economic sustainability. CONCLUSION The identification of effective biomarkers has become a major focus in cancer research, mainly due to the necessity of selecting potentially responsive patients in order to improve their outcomes, as well as to reduce the toxicity and costs related to ineffective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Tartari
- Department of Economics and Law, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Roy Cerqueti
- Department of Economics and Law, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cimadamore A, Santoni M, Massari F, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Scarpelli M, Montironi R. Liquid biopsies in renal cell carcinoma with focus on epigenome analysis. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:S194. [PMID: 31656773 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.07.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hou M, Zheng Y, Ding Z, He S, Xu M, Chen X, Zhang H, Zeng C, Sun C, Jiang W, Wang H, Shen H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Sun S, Jiang N, Cui Y, Sun Y, Chen Y, Cao J, Wang C, Li M, Zhang Y, Wang J, Lin M, Ke Z. The role of a semi-automated NanoVelcro system in capturing circulating tumor cells and evaluating their prognostic value for gestational choriocarcinoma. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1200-1210. [PMID: 30656300 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01130c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are detectable in patients with gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) and evaluate the prognostic value of CTC enumeration. In this multicenter study, the presence of CTCs was examined in 180 GC patients using a semi-automated NanoVelcro system, among whom 106 patients underwent CTC re-evaluation after one cycle of chemotherapy. Approximately 96% of the GC patients contained ≥2 CTCs in 7.5 mL of blood. The number of CTCs per 7.5 mL of blood was much higher in patients with distant metastases (n = 95; range, 0 to 104) than in patients without distant metastases (n = 85; range, 0 to 6). Applying a 90-patient training and 90-patient validation cohort, a cutoff value of ≥6 CTCs was defined as the prognostic threshold for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The presence of ≥6 CTCs was significantly associated with worse PFS and OS (both P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that the CTC number (≥6 CTCs) was the strongest predictor of OS (hazard ratio [HR], 15.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3-57.9; P < 0.001). The number of CTCs decreased after one cycle of chemotherapy; univariate analyses demonstrated that the CTC count after the first chemotherapy cycle was a strong predictor of OS (HR, 36.1; 95% CI, 4.8-271.5; P < 0.001). CTCs are a promising prognostic factor for GC. The absolute CTC count after one cycle of chemotherapy in the context of this disease is a strong predictor of chemotherapy response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Hou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Santoni M, Cimadamore A, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Battelli N, Massari F, Scarpelli M, Galosi AB, Bracarda S, Montironi R. Circulating Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Findings and Future Challenges. Front Oncol 2019; 9:228. [PMID: 31024837 PMCID: PMC6460373 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sergio Bracarda
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria, Terni, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cimadamore A, Gasparrini S, Massari F, Santoni M, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Scarpelli M, Montironi R. Emerging Molecular Technologies in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Liquid Biopsy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020196. [PMID: 30736478 PMCID: PMC6407029 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, based on the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acids has potential applications at multiple points throughout the natural course of cancer, from diagnosis to follow-up. The advantages of doing ctDNA assessment vs. tissue-based genomic profile are the minimal procedural risk, the possibility to serial testing in order to monitor disease-relapse and response to therapy over time and to reduce hospitalization costs during the entire process. However, some critical issues related to ctDNA assays should be taken into consideration. The sensitivity of ctDNA assays depends on the assessment technique and genetic platforms used, on tumor-organ, stage, tumor heterogeneity, tumor clonality. The specificity is usually very high, whereas the concordance with tumor-based biopsy is generally low. In patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), qualitative analyses of ctDNA have been performed with interesting results regarding selective pressure from therapy, therapeutic resistance, exceptional treatment response to everolimus and mutations associated with aggressive behavior. Quantitative analyses showed variations of ccfDNA levels at different tumor stage. Compared to CTC assay, ctDNA is more stable than cells and easier to isolate. Splice variants, information at single-cell level and functional assays along with proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics studies can be performed only in CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Via Conca 71, I-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Gasparrini
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Via Conca 71, I-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesco Massari
- Division of Oncology, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62100 Macerata, Italy.
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | | | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Via Conca 71, I-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Via Conca 71, I-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
An important hallmark of cancer is 'metabolic reprogramming' or the rewiring of cellular metabolism to support rapid cell proliferation [1-5]. Metabolic reprogramming through oncometabolite-mediated transformation or activation of oncogenes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) globally impacts energy production as well as glucose and glutamine utilization in RCC cells, which can promote dependence on glutamine supply to support cell growth and proliferation [6, 7]. Novel inhibitors of glutaminase, a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, target glutamine addiction as a viable treatment strategy in metastatic RCC (mRCC). Here, we review glutamine metabolic pathways and how changes in cellular glutamine utilization enable the progression of RCC. This overview provides scientific rationale for targeting this pathway in patients with mRCC. We will summarize the current understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anti-tumor efficacy of glutaminase inhibitors in RCC, provide an overview of clinical efforts targeting glutaminase in mRCC, and review approaches for identifying biomarkers for patient stratification and detecting therapeutic response early on in patients treated with this novel class of anti-cancer drug. Ultimately, results of ongoing clinical trials will demonstrate whether glutaminase inhibition can be a worthy addition to the current armamentarium of drugs used for patients with mRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Hoerner
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Viola J Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Alice C Fan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xia L, Li S, Liu Y, Huang Y, Ni B, Wan L, Mei H, Li X, Cai Z, Li Z. NDNF inhibits the migration and invasion of human renal cancer cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2969-2975. [PMID: 30867731 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF) is a glycosylated, disulfide-bonded secretory protein that contains a fibronectin type III domain. NDNF has been identified as a neurotrophic factor; however, its role in carcinogenesis has not yet been identified. To investigate the expression and role of NDNF in carcinogenesis, the expression of NDNF in human Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines and tissues was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was investigated using CCK-8 and colony formation assays, and the cell invasion and immigration capacity was evaluated using the transwell assay. The results demonstrated that NDNF expression was downregulated in RCC cell lines and RCC tissues. Restoring NDNF expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of RCC cells. The study also demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of NDNF on invasive ability was mediated by suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RCC cells. NDNF may therefore be considered an important regulator of EMT in RCC progression and may represent a novel promising target for antimetastatic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Shi Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Ni
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Mei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xianxin Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zesong Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shen Q, Yang H, Peng C, Zhu H, Mei J, Huang S, Chen B, Liu J, Wu W, Cao S. Capture and biological release of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic cancer based on peptide-functionalized silicon nanowire substrate. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 14:205-214. [PMID: 30636873 PMCID: PMC6307685 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s187892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efficient and precise circulating tumor cells' (CTCs) capture and release with minimal effect on cell viability for CTCs' analysis are general requirements of CTCs' detection device in clinical application. However, these two essential factors are difficult to be achieved simultaneously. Methods In order to reach the aforementioned goal, we integrated multiple strategies and technologies of staggered herringbone structure, nanowires' substrate, peptides, enzymatic release, specific cell staining, and gene sequencing into microfluidic device and the sandwich structure peptide-silicon nanowires' substrate was termed as Pe-SiNWS. Results The Pe-SiNWS demonstrated excellent capture efficiency (95.6%) and high release efficiency (92.6%). The good purity (28.5%) and cell viability (93.5%) of CTCs could be obtained through specific capture and biological release by using Pe-SiNWS. The good purity of CTCs facilitated precise and quick biological analysis, and five types of KRAS mutation were detected in 16 pancreatic cancer patients but not in healthy donors. Conclusion The results proved that the effective capture, minor damage release, and precise analysis of CTCs could be realized simultaneously by our novel strategy. The successful clinical application indicated that our work was anticipated to open up new opportunities for the design of CTC microfluidic device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, .,Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,
| | - Haitao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
| | - Caixia Peng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhanper, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia Mei
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,
| | - Bin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
| | - Shaokui Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
He W, Hou M, Zhang H, Zeng C, He S, Chen X, Xu M, Sun C, Jiang W, Wang H, Shen H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Sun S, Jiang N, Cui Y, Sun Y, Chen Y, Cao J, Wang C, Li M, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang J, Lin M, Ke Z. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in predicting disease progression and chemotherapy resistance in patients with gestational choriocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1421-1431. [PMID: 30070688 PMCID: PMC6587450 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) is a highly aggressive tumor. In our study, we systematically investigated EpCAM/CD147 expression characteristics in patients with GC and assessed the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in predicting chemotherapy response and disease progression. GC tissues were positive for either epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) or CD147, and all samples exhibited strong human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) expression. Among all the recruited patients (n = 115), 103 had at least 1 CTC in a 7.5‐mL peripheral blood sample, and the percentage of patients with ≥4 CTCs in a particular FIGO stage group increased with a higher FIGO stage (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the pretreatment CTC count was related to tumor size (r = 0.225, p = 0.015) and the number of metastases (r = 0.603, p < 0.001). A progression analysis showed that among the 115 included patients who qualified for further examination, 52 of the 64 patients defined as progressive had ≥4 pretreatment CTCs, while only 7 of the 51 non‐progressive patients had ≥4 pretreatment CTCs (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, CTCs (≥4) remained the strongest predictor of PFS when other prognostic markers, FIGO score and FIGO stage were included. Moreover, based on the chemotherapy response, patients with ≥4 CTCs were more likely to be resistant to chemotherapy than those with <4 CTCs (P < 0.001). These findings demonstrates the feasibility of CTC detection in cases of GC by adopting EpCAM/CD147 antibodies together as capturing antibodies. The CTC count is a promising indicator in the evaluation of biological activities and the chemotherapy response in GC patients. What's new? Gestational choriocarcinoma tumor cells tend to spread to distant organs by hematogenous dissemination. This study shows that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with gestational choriocarcinomas can be readily captured by targeting the highly expressed membrane antigens EpCAM and CD147. Elevated CTC levels, defined as 4 or more CTCs per 7.5 ml of peripheral blood, were found to predict chemotherapy resistance and to more effectively predict disease progression where compared with traditional β‐human chorionic gonadotropin. The findings suggest that CTC enumeration could be used to stratify gestational choriocarcinoma patients for personalized clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiling He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minzhi Hou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyang He
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Shen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Sun
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jessica Cao
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Mengzhen Li
- MyGene Diagnostics, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Pricision Medicine Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Millicent Lin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang ZL, Zhang P, Li HC, Yang XJ, Zhang YP, Li ZL, Xue L, Xue YQ, Li HL, Chen Q, Chong T. Dynamic changes of different phenotypic and genetic circulating tumor cells as a biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of RCC. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:505-512. [PMID: 30359544 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1537576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and relevant autophagy Beclin-1 genes expression are critical biomarkers for tumorigenesis and tumor progress. Here we investigated the relationship of dynamic changes of CTCs and Beclin-1 expression of CTCs with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 69 patients with RCC were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the postoperative status of distant metastasis, including metastasis-free group (n = 58) and metastatic group (n = 11). Demographic characteristics of each patient were recorded in detail. All 69 enrolled patients had received multiple CTC tests and peripheral blood samples were obtained at three different time points (1 day before operation, 6 months and 12 months after operation). Peripheral blood samples were drawn before each time point and CTCs were separated by using Can Patrol CTC enrichment technique. CTCs were divided into epithelial, mesenchymal and mixed phenotype based on different surface biomarkers. RNA in situ hybridization assay was used to detect the expression of Beclin1 gene. RESULTS The percentages of epithelial, mesenchymal and mixed CTCs were 11.64%, 28.04% and 60.32%, respectively. There were no significant differences of initial CTCs counts between metastasis-free group (8.43 ± 5.15) and metastatic group (7.71 ± 3.82) (P > 0.05). As for metastatic group, the number of mixed CTCs at 12 months postoperatively was significantly higher than that of mixed CTCs preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). In the metastatic group, the number of Beclin1 positive CTCs was significantly higher than that of Beclin1 negative CTCs preoperatively (P < 0.05), moreover, there were several significantly changes of Beclin1 positive CTCs with different types and at different time points. CONCLUSION The recurrence or metastasis of RCC was uncorrelated with initial CTCs counts, but probably related with the variation trend of CTCs, especially mesenchymal CTCs and Beclin1 positive CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Long Wang
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Peng Zhang
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - He-Cheng Li
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xiao-Jie Yang
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhang
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Zhao-Lun Li
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Li Xue
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yu-Quan Xue
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Hong-Liang Li
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Qi Chen
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Tie Chong
- a Department of Urology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Shinde P, Mohan L, Kumar A, Dey K, Maddi A, Patananan AN, Tseng FG, Chang HY, Nagai M, Santra TS. Current Trends of Microfluidic Single-Cell Technologies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3143. [PMID: 30322072 PMCID: PMC6213733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of human disease mechanisms is difficult due to the heterogeneity in gene expression and the physiological state of cells in a given population. In comparison to bulk cell measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. In this review, we describe the recent advances in single-cell technologies and their applications in single-cell manipulation, diagnosis, and therapeutics development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Loganathan Mohan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Amogh Kumar
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Anjali Maddi
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Alexander N Patananan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xing T, Wang B, Song Y, Zhang S, Ma L. Candle soot-templated silica nanobiointerface chip for detecting circulating tumour cells from patients with urologic malignancies. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34566-34572. [PMID: 35548613 PMCID: PMC9086980 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05807e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, known as fluid biopsy or fluid phase biopsy, is of great clinical significance in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, traditional techniques still meet restrictions when aiming for the detection of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) with high efficiency and low cost. Herein, we applied an easily prepared silica nanobiointerface chip for detecting CTCs in prostate cancer (PCa) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients with high efficiency. The silica nanobiointerface chip was fabricated by depositing candle soot on a glass slide, followed by chemical vapour deposition, and then by modifying anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibody. The silica nanobiointerface chips exhibited excellent abilities to capture PC3 PCa cell lines, with average efficiency of 81.2 ± 1.4%. We demonstrate that the strong topographic interaction between targeted cells and nanostructured surface is critical to enhancing the capture efficiency of CTCs. We further tested peripheral blood samples from 10 preoperative PCa and 7 ccRCC patients. The results show that CTCs from 7 PCa cases and 4 ccRCC cases were successfully detected. We believe that the nanobiointerface chip will provide great potential for the clinical application of CTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Xing
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
| | - Binshuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
| | - Yimeng Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Broncy L, Paterlini-Bréchot P. Circulating Tumor Cells for the Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:E63. [PMID: 30177639 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is a highly malignant cancer that would benefit from non-invasive innovative markers providing early diagnosis and recurrence detection. Circulating tumor cells are a particularly promising marker of tumor invasion that could be used to improve the management of patients with RCC. However, the extensive genetic and immunophenotypic heterogeneity of cells from RCC and their trend to transition to the mesenchymal phenotype when they circulate in blood constitute a challenge for their sensitive and specific detection. This review analyzes published studies targeting CTC in patients with RCC, in the context of the biological, pathological, and molecular complexity of this particular cancer. Although further analytical and clinical studies are needed to pinpoint the most suitable approach for highly sensitive CTC detection in RCC patients, it is clear that this field can bring a relevant guide to clinicians and help to RCC patients. Furthermore, as described, a particular subtype of RCC-the ccRCC-can be used as a model to study the relationship between cytomorphological and genetic cellular markers of malignancy, an important issue for the study of CTC from any type of solid cancer.
Collapse
|
44
|
Bai M, Zou B, Wang Z, Li P, Wang H, Ou Y, Cui K, Bian J, Li S, Xu X. Comparison of two detection systems for circulating tumor cells among patients with renal cell carcinoma. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1801-1809. [PMID: 30120680 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in cancer patients has diagnostic and prognostic importance. However, the clinical implications of CTC detection in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of CTCs using two detection systems, the CellSearch system (CSS) and isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells (ISET), among RCC patients. METHODS We recruited 36 RCC patients and 22 healthy volunteers as controls. Blood was drawn before treatment. Samples were analyzed using the CSS and ISET. We prospectively followed the RCC patients to determine overall and progression-free survival. RESULTS We did not detect CTCs in the control group using either the CSS or ISET. CTCs were detected in 7/36 patients (19.4%) using the CSS and in 13/36 patients (36.1%) using ISET, while circulating microemboli (CTMs) were detected in three patients (8.3%). The presence of ISET-detected CTCs correlated with clinical tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages, while the CSS-detected CTCs did not. After 36 months (median), CTCs detected by both methods failed to correlate with overall and progression-free survival among RCC patients. CONCLUSION We discovered that ISET is more suitable than the CSS for detecting CTCs in RCC patients. The presence of CTCs/CTMs in RCC patients correlated with higher TNM stages, suggesting that the presence of CTCs could be a prognostic marker in RCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Bai
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Benkui Zou
- Department of Urological Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhendan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huansheng Wang
- Department of Urological Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiasheng Bian
- Department of Urological Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li WM, Zhou LL, Zheng M, Fang J. Selection of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cell-Specific Aptamers for the Capture of CTCs with a Metastatic Phenotype by Cell-SELEX. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2018; 12:707-717. [PMID: 30098503 PMCID: PMC6083002 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have the potential to predict metastasis, and the capture of CTCs based on their surface markers is mostly applied for CTC detection. Considering that the CTCs with a metastatic phenotype preferably form a metastatic focus and that aptamers have the ability to bind targets with high specificity and affinity, we selected aptamers directed toward metastatic cells by subtractive Cell-SELEX technology using highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells as the target cell and low-metastatic MCF-7 cells as the negative cell for the capture of metastatic CTCs. Affinity and selectivity assays showed that aptamer M3 had the highest affinity, with a KD of 45.6 ± 1.2 nM, and had good specificity against several other types of metastatic cancer cells. Based on these findings, we developed an M3-based capture system for CTC enrichment, which has the capability to specifically capture the metastatic cells MDA-MB-231 mixed with non-metastatic MCF-7 cells and CTCs derived from the peripheral blood from metastatic breast cancer patients. A further comparative analysis with the anti-EpCAM probe showed that M3 probe captured epithelial feature-deletion metastatic cells. We developed an aptamer-based CTC capture system through the selection of aptamers by taking whole metastatic cells, not known molecules, as targets, which provided a new insight into CTC capture and Cell-SELEX application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Jin Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Jan YJ, Chen JF, Zhu Y, Lu YT, Chen SH, Chung H, Smalley M, Huang YW, Dong J, Chen LC, Yu HH, Tomlinson JS, Hou S, Agopian VG, Posadas EM, Tseng HR. NanoVelcro rare-cell assays for detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 125:78-93. [PMID: 29551650 PMCID: PMC5993593 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells shredded from either a primary tumor or a metastatic site and circulate in the blood as the potential cellular origin of metastasis. By detecting and analyzing CTCs, we will be able to noninvasively monitor disease progression in individual cancer patients and obtain insightful information for assessing disease status, thus realizing the concept of "tumor liquid biopsy". However, it is technically challenging to identify CTCs in patient blood samples because of the extremely low abundance of CTCs among a large number of hematologic cells. In order to address this challenge, our research team at UCLA pioneered a unique concept of "NanoVelcro" cell-affinity substrates, in which CTC capture agent-coated nanostructured substrates were utilized to immobilize CTCs with remarkable efficiency. Four generations of NanoVelcro CTC assays have been developed over the past decade for a variety of clinical utilities. The 1st-gen NanoVelcro Chips, composed of a silicon nanowire substrate (SiNS) and an overlaid microfluidic chaotic mixer, were created for CTC enumeration. The 2nd-gen NanoVelcro Chips (i.e., NanoVelcro-LMD), based on polymer nanosubstrates, were developed for single-CTC isolation in conjunction with the use of the laser microdissection (LMD) technique. By grafting thermoresponsive polymer brushes onto SiNS, the 3rd-gen Thermoresponsive NanoVelcro Chips have demonstrated the capture and release of CTCs at 37 and 4 °C respectively, thereby allowing for rapid CTC purification while maintaining cell viability and molecular integrity. Fabricated with boronic acid-grafted conducting polymer-based nanomaterial on chip surface, the 4th-gen NanoVelcro Chips (Sweet chip) were able to purify CTCs with well-preserved RNA transcripts, which could be used for downstream analysis of several cancer specific RNA biomarkers. In this review article, we will summarize the development of the four generations of NanoVelcro CTC assays, and the clinical applications of each generation of devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jen Jan
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yazhen Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Tsung Lu
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Szu Hao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard Chung
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Smalley
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; CytoLumina Technologies Corp., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yen-Wen Huang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; CytoLumina Technologies Corp., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiantong Dong
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - James S Tomlinson
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Pancreatic Disease, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, Greater Los Angeles Veteran's Affairs Administration, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuang Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vatche G Agopian
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chen L, Peng M, Li N, Song Q, Yao Y, Xu B, Liu H, Ruan P. Combined use of EpCAM and FRα enables the high-efficiency capture of circulating tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1188. [PMID: 29352248 PMCID: PMC5775318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) provide a new approach for auxiliary diagnosis, therapeutic effect evaluation, and prognosis prediction for cancer patients. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-based separation method (CellSearch) showed good clinical use in multiple types of cancer. Nevertheless, some non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor cells have a lower expression of EpCAM and are less frequently detected by CellSearch. Here, we present a highly sensitive immunomagnetic separation method to capture CTCs based on two cell surface markers for NSCLC, EpCAM and Folate receptor alpha (FRα). Our method has been demonstrated to be more efficient in capturing NSCLC cells (P < 0.01) by enriching three types of CTCs: EpCAM+/FRα-/low, EpCAM-/low/FRα+, and EPCAM+/FRα+. In 41 NSCLC patients, a significantly higher CTC capture rate (48.78% vs. 73.17%) was obtained, and by using a cutoff value of 0 CTC per 2 ml of blood, the sensitivities were 53.66% and 75.61% and the specificities were 100% and 90% for anti-EpCAM-MNs or a combination of anti-EpCAM-MNs and anti-FRα-MNs, respectively. Compared with the tumor-specific LT-PCR based on FRα, our method can isolate intact FRα+ CTCs, and it is advantageous for additional CTC-related downstream analysis. Our results provide a new method to increase the CTC capture efficiency of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luojun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qibin Song
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huali Liu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Peng Ruan
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Giridhar KV, Sosa CP, Hillman DW, Sanhueza C, Dalpiaz CL, Costello BA, Quevedo FJ, Pitot HC, Dronca RS, Ertz D, Cheville JC, Donkena KV, Kohli M. Whole Blood mRNA Expression-Based Prognosis of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112326. [PMID: 29099775 PMCID: PMC5713295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) prognostic score is based on clinical parameters. We analyzed whole blood mRNA expression in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mCCRCC) patients and compared it to the MSKCC score for predicting overall survival. In a discovery set of 19 patients with mRCC, we performed whole transcriptome RNA sequencing and selected eighteen candidate genes for further evaluation based on associations with overall survival and statistical significance. In an independent validation of set of 47 patients with mCCRCC, transcript expression of the 18 candidate genes were quantified using a customized NanoString probeset. Cox regression multivariate analysis confirmed that two of the candidate genes were significantly associated with overall survival. Higher expression of BAG1 [hazard ratio (HR) of 0.14, p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–0.36] and NOP56 (HR 0.13, p < 0.0001, 95% CI 0.05–0.34) were associated with better prognosis. A prognostic model incorporating expression of BAG1 and NOP56 into the MSKCC score improved prognostication significantly over a model using the MSKCC prognostic score only (p < 0.0001). Prognostic value of using whole blood mRNA gene profiling in mCCRCC is feasible and should be prospectively confirmed in larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik V Giridhar
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Carlos P Sosa
- Biomarker Discovery, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - David W Hillman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Cristobal Sanhueza
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Clínica Santa María, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Candace L Dalpiaz
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Brian A Costello
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Fernando J Quevedo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Henry C Pitot
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Roxana S Dronca
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Donna Ertz
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - John C Cheville
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Krishna Vanaja Donkena
- Biomarker Discovery, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Manish Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Maertens Y, Humberg V, Erlmeier F, Steffens S, Steinestel J, Bögemann M, Schrader AJ, Bernemann C. Comparison of isolation platforms for detection of circulating renal cell carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87710-87717. [PMID: 29152114 PMCID: PMC5675666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has progressed in several tumor entities. However, little is known about CTCs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. Aim of our studies was to build a stable in vitro fundament for isolation of CTCs in ccRCC. Methods We compared the analytical performance of different CTC isolation methods with regard to yield and purity: EpCAM based enrichment, leukocyte depletion and size based enrichment. EpCAM and cytokeratin 8 (KRT8) as biomarker for CTCs expression were evaluated in ccRCC cell lines as well as clinical samples. Results While the EpCAM based approach failed to successfully isolate tumor cells, CD45 based approaches showed intermediate recovery rates. The cell-size based Parsortix system showed highest recovery rates. EpCAM expression was low or absent in most cell lines as well as in clinical samples, whereas KRT8 was detected as a potential biomarker in ccRCC. Conclusion EpCAM based approaches might miss a high number of CTCs due to low or absent expression of EpCAM in ccRCC, as shown in cell lines as well as in patient samples. We identified the cell-sized based, label independent Parsortix system to be the most effective recovery system for ccRCC CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Maertens
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Verena Humberg
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Franziska Erlmeier
- Institute for Pathology and Pathological Anatomy, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Steffens
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Julie Steinestel
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Martin Bögemann
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|