1
|
Rathi A, Kumar D, Hasan GM, Haque MM, Hassan MI. Therapeutic targeting of PIM KINASE signaling in cancer therapy: Structural and clinical prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129995. [PMID: 34455019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PIM kinases are well-studied drug targets for cancer, belonging to Serine/Threonine kinases family. They are the downstream target of various signaling pathways, and their up/down-regulation affects various physiological processes. PIM family comprises three isoforms, namely, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3, on alternative initiation of translation and they have different levels of expression in different types of cancers. Its structure shows a unique ATP-binding site in the hinge region which makes it unique among other kinases. SCOPE OF REVIEW PIM kinases are widely reported in hematological malignancies along with prostate and breast cancers. Currently, many drugs are used as inhibitors of PIM kinases. In this review, we highlighted the physiological significance of PIM kinases in the context of disease progression and therapeutic targeting. We comprehensively reviewed the PIM kinases in terms of their expression and regulation of different physiological roles. We further predicted functional partners of PIM kinases to elucidate their role in the cellular physiology of different cancer and mapped their interaction network. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS A deeper mechanistic insight into the PIM signaling involved in regulating different cellular processes, including transcription, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, cell migration and senescence, is provided. Furthermore, structural features of PIM have been dissected to understand the mechanism of inhibition and subsequent implication of designed inhibitors towards therapeutic management of prostate, breast and other cancers. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Being a potential drug target for cancer therapy, available drugs and PIM inhibitors at different stages of clinical trials are discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Rathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang BW, Huang CH, Liu LC, Cheng FJ, Wei YL, Lin YM, Wang YF, Wei CT, Chen Y, Chen YJ, Huang WC. Pim1 Kinase Inhibitors Exert Anti-Cancer Activity Against HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells Through Downregulation of HER2. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614673. [PMID: 34267653 PMCID: PMC8276059 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The proviral integration site for moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (Pim1) is a serine/threonine kinase and able to promote cell proliferation, survival and drug resistance. Overexpression of Pim1 has been observed in many cancer types and is associated with the poor prognosis of breast cancer. However, it remains unclear whether Pim1 kinase is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer patients. In this study, we found that Pim1 expression was strongly associated with HER2 expression and that HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells were more sensitive to Pim1 inhibitor-induced inhibitions of cell viability and metastatic ability. Mechanistically, Pim1 inhibitor suppressed the expression of HER2 at least in part through transcriptional level. More importantly, Pim1 inhibitor overcame the resistance of breast cancer cells to HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib. In summary, downregulation of HER2 by targeting Pim1 may be a promising and effective therapeutic approach not only for anti-cancer growth but also for circumventing lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wei Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Huang
- Division of Breast Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chih Liu
- Division of Breast Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ming Lin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Toth RK, Warfel NA. Targeting PIM Kinases to Overcome Therapeutic Resistance in Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 20:3-10. [PMID: 33303645 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progression and the onset of therapeutic resistance are often the results of uncontrolled activation of survival kinases. The proviral integration for the Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are oncogenic serine/threonine kinases that regulate tumorigenesis by phosphorylating a wide range of substrates that control cellular metabolism, proliferation, and survival. Because of their broad impact on cellular processes that facilitate progression and metastasis in many cancer types, it has become clear that the activation of PIM kinases is a significant driver of resistance to various types of anticancer therapies. As a result, efforts to target PIM kinases for anticancer therapy have intensified in recent years. Clinical and preclinical studies indicate that pharmacologic inhibition of PIM has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of standard and targeted therapies. This review focuses on the signaling pathways through which PIM kinases promote cancer progression and resistance to therapy, as well as highlights biological contexts and promising strategies to exploit PIM as a therapeutic target in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Toth
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Noel A Warfel
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sofi FA, Bharatam PV. Synthesis of Drugs and Biorelevant N-heterocycles Employing Recent Advances in C-N Bond Formation. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/138527282499920090911414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
C-N bond formation is a particularly important step in the generation of many
biologically relevant heterocyclic molecules. Several methods have been reported for this
purpose over the past few decades. Well-known named reactions like Ullmann-Goldberg
coupling, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling and Chan-Lam coupling are associated with the C-N
bond formation reactions. Several reviews covering this topic have already been published.
However, no comprehensive review covering the synthesis of drugs/ lead compounds using
the C-N bond formation reactions was reported. In this review, we cover many modern
methods of the C-N bond formation reactions, with special emphasis on metal-free and
green chemistry methods. We also report specific strategies adopted for the synthesis of
drugs, which involve the C-N bond formation reactions. Examples include anti-cancer,
antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-histaminic, antibiotics, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic,
antiepileptic and anti-diabetic agents. Many recently developed lead compounds generated using the C-N bond
formation reactions are also covered in this review. Examples include MAP kinase inhibitors, TRKs inhibitors,
Polo-like Kinase inhibitors and MPS1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firdoos Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang H, He K, Dong W, Fang J, Zhong S, Tang L, Long L. PIM-1 may function as an oncogene in cervical cancer via activating the EGFR signaling. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 35:67-73. [PMID: 32914663 DOI: 10.1177/1724600820936295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work was designed to explore the roles of PIM-1 in the development of cervical cancer. METHODS There were 90 paired cervical tumor samples and the non-tumor adjacent tissue. The levels of PIM-1 in different samples were examined using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods. The potential diagnostic value of PIM-1 was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve; furthermore, the expression of EGFR in tumor samples was detected, and Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the expression of PIM-1 and EGFR. Finally, cervical cancer cell line Hela cells were cultured and treated by PIM-1 siRNA, and MTT assay and Pi/Annexin V assay were performed to explore the effects of PIM-1 siRNA on the growth and apoptosis ability of the Hela cells. RESULTS PIM-1 was significantly up-regulated in cervical cancer tissue compared to adjacent tissue, and the expression of PIM-1 in patients with cervical cancer is positively associated with the size and metastasis of the tumor. ROC analysis showed PIM-1 is a sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Furthermore, EGFR was over-expressed in cervical cancer tumor tissues, and the levels of PIM-1 and EGFR in cervical cancer tissue were positively correlated. Finally, PIM-1 siRNA dramatically inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of the Hela cells. CONCLUSION Our findings prove that PIM-1 may function as an oncogene in cervical cancer and can regulate the EGFR signaling in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Yang
- Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kui He
- The Second People's Hospital of Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weile Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jinchuan Fang
- Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Suyun Zhong
- Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixia Tang
- Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihua Long
- Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panchal NK, Sabina EP. A serine/threonine protein PIM kinase as a biomarker of cancer and a target for anti-tumor therapy. Life Sci 2020; 255:117866. [PMID: 32479955 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The PIM Kinases belong to the family of a proto-oncogene that essentially phosphorylates the serine/threonine residues of the target proteins. They are primarily categorized into three types PIM-1, PIM-2, PIM-3 which plays an indispensable regulatory role in signal transduction cascades, by promoting cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance. These kinases are overexpressed in several solid as well as hematopoietic tumors which supports in vitro and in vivo malignant cell growth along with survival by regulating cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis. They lack regulatory domain which makes them constitutively active once transcribed. PIM kinases usually appear to be important downstream effectors of oncoproteins which overexpresses and helps in mediating drug resistance to available agents, such as rapamycin. Structural studies of PIM kinases revealed that they have unique hinge regions where two Proline resides and makes ATP binding unique, by offering a target for an increasing number of potent PIM kinase inhibitors. Preclinical studies of those inhibitory compounds in various cancers indicate that these novel agents show promising activity and some of them currently being under examination. In this review, we have outlined PIM kinases molecular mechanism and signaling pathways along with matriculation in various cancer and list of inhibitors often used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Kishan Panchal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - E P Sabina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yuan Y, Sheng Z, Liu Z, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Xie J, Zhang Y, Xu T. CMTM5-v1 inhibits cell proliferation and migration by downregulating oncogenic EGFR signaling in prostate cancer cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:3762-3770. [PMID: 32328181 PMCID: PMC7171480 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anomalous epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling plays an important role in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and the transformation to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). A novel tumor suppressor CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing member 5(CMTM5) has a MARVEL domain and may regulate transmembrane signaling. Thus, we postulated that CMTM5 could regulate EGFR and its downstream molecules to affect the biological behaviors of PCa cells. In this study, we found that CMTM5 was expressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues but was undetectable in PCa cells. However, the EGFR was upregulated in PCa cells, especially in two metastatic CRPC cell lines, PC3 and DU145. Furthermore, ectopic expression of CMTM5-v1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration and p-EGFR levels. Further investigation revealed that restoration of CMTM5-v1 inhibited not only EGF-mediated proliferation but also chemotactic migration by EGF in PC3 and DU145 cells. Moreover, mechanistic studies showed that CMTM5-v1 attenuated EGF-induced receptor signaling by repressing EGFR and Akt phosphorylation in PCa cells, which were essential for malignant features. Finally, CMTM5-v1can promote the sensitivity of PC3 cells to Gefetinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting the EGFR. These observations indicate that CMTM5-v1 suppressed PCa cells through EGFR signaling. The loss of CMTM5 may participate in the progression of PCa resulting from deregulated EGFR, and CMTM5 might be associated with the efficacy of TKIs in terms of their potent inhibition of EGFR and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Yuan
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Zhengzuo Sheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yunbei Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luszczak S, Kumar C, Sathyadevan VK, Simpson BS, Gately KA, Whitaker HC, Heavey S. PIM kinase inhibition: co-targeted therapeutic approaches in prostate cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:7. [PMID: 32296034 PMCID: PMC6992635 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PIM kinases have been shown to play a role in prostate cancer development and progression, as well as in some of the hallmarks of cancer, especially proliferation and apoptosis. Their upregulation in prostate cancer has been correlated with decreased patient overall survival and therapy resistance. Initial efforts to inhibit PIM with monotherapies have been hampered by compensatory upregulation of other pathways and drug toxicity, and as such, it has been suggested that co-targeting PIM with other treatment approaches may permit lower doses and be a more viable option in the clinic. Here, we present the rationale and basis for co-targeting PIM with inhibitors of PI3K/mTOR/AKT, JAK/STAT, MYC, stemness, and RNA Polymerase I transcription, along with other therapies, including androgen deprivation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Such combined approaches could potentially be used as neoadjuvant therapies, limiting the development of resistance to treatments or sensitizing cells to other therapeutics. To determine which drugs should be combined with PIM inhibitors for each patient, it will be key to develop companion diagnostics that predict response to each co-targeted option, hopefully providing a personalized medicine pathway for subsets of prostate cancer patients in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Luszczak
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Kumar
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Benjamin S Simpson
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kathy A Gately
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Dublin, Dublin 8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hayley C Whitaker
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Discovery of novel triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl-quinoline derivatives as PIM inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 168:87-109. [PMID: 30802730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinase family (PIM-1, PIM-2 and PIM-3) is an appealing target for the discovery and development of selective inhibitors, useful in various disease conditions in which these proteins are highly expressed, such as cancer. The significant effort put, in the recent years, towards the development of small molecules exhibiting inhibitory activity against this protein family has ended up with several molecules entering clinical trials. As part of our ongoing exploration for potential drug candidates that exhibit affinity towards this protein family, we have generated a novel chemical series of triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine based tricycles by applying a scaffold hopping strategy over our previously reported potent pan-PIM inhibitor ETP-47453 (compound 2). The structure-activity relationship studies presented herein demonstrate a rather selective PIM-1/PIM-3 biochemical profile for this novel series of tricycles, although pan-PIM and PIM-1 inhibitors have also been identified. Selected examples show significant inhibition of the phosphorylation of BAD protein in a cell-based assay. Moreover, optimized and highly selective compounds, such as 42, did not show significant hERG inhibition at 20 μM concentration, and proved its antiproliferative activity and utility in combination with particular antitumoral agents in several tumor cell lines.
Collapse
|
10
|
Acquired savolitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer arises via multiple mechanisms that converge on MET-independent mTOR and MYC activation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57651-57670. [PMID: 27472392 PMCID: PMC5295379 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death globally with a significant, unmet need for more efficacious treatments. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET has been implicated as an oncogene in numerous cancer subtypes, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we explore the therapeutic potential of savolitinib (volitinib, AZD6094, HMPL-504), a potent and selective MET inhibitor, in NSCLC. In vitro, savolitinib inhibits MET phosphorylation with nanomolar potency, which correlates with blockade of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling as well as MYC down-regulation. In vivo, savolitinib causes inhibition of these pathways and significantly decreases growth of MET-dependent xenografts. To understand resistance mechanisms, we generated savolitinib resistance in MET-amplified NSCLC cell lines and analyzed individual clones. We found that upregulation of MYC and constitutive mTOR pathway activation is a conserved feature of resistant clones that can be overcome by knockdown of MYC or dual mTORC1/2 inhibition. Lastly, we demonstrate that mechanisms of resistance are heterogeneous, arising via a switch to EGFR dependence or by a requirement for PIM signaling. This work demonstrates the efficacy of savolitinib in NSCLC and characterizes acquired resistance, identifying both known and novel mechanisms that may inform combination strategies in the clinic.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Pim kinases are being implicated in oncogenic process in various human cancers. Pim kinases primarily deal with three broad categories of functions such as tumorigenesis, protecting cells from apoptotic signals and evading immune attacks. Here in this review, we discuss the regulation of Pim kinases and their expression, and how these kinases defend cancer cells from therapeutic and immune attacks with special emphasis on how Pim kinases maintain their own expression during apoptosis and cellular transformation, defend mitochondria during apoptosis, defend cancer cells from immune attack, defend cancer cells from therapeutic attack, choose localization, self-regulation, activation of oncogenic transcription, metabolic regulation and so on. In addition, we also discuss how Pim kinases contribute to tumorigenesis by regulating cellular transformation and glycolysis to reinforce the importance of Pim kinases in cancer and cancer stem cells.
Collapse
|
12
|
Shannan B, Watters A, Chen Q, Mollin S, Dörr M, Meggers E, Xu X, Gimotty PA, Perego M, Li L, Benci J, Krepler C, Brafford P, Zhang J, Wei Z, Zhang G, Liu Q, Yin X, Nathanson KL, Herlyn M, Vultur A. PIM kinases as therapeutic targets against advanced melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54897-54912. [PMID: 27448973 PMCID: PMC5342389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma show encouraging results in the clinic; however, not all patients respond equally and tumor resistance still poses a challenge. To identify novel therapeutic targets for melanoma, we screened a panel of structurally diverse organometallic inhibitors against human-derived normal and melanoma cells. We observed that a compound that targets PIM kinases (a family of Ser/Thr kinases) preferentially inhibited melanoma cell proliferation, invasion, and viability in adherent and three-dimensional (3D) melanoma models. Assessment of tumor tissue from melanoma patients showed that PIM kinases are expressed in pre- and post-treatment tumors, suggesting PIM kinases as promising targets in the clinic. Using knockdown studies, we showed that PIM1 contributes to melanoma cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo; however, the presence of PIM2 and PIM3 could also influence the outcome. The inhibition of all PIM isoforms using SGI-1776 (a clinically-available PIM inhibitor) reduced melanoma proliferation and survival in preclinical models of melanoma. This was potentiated in the presence of the BRAF inhibitor PLX4720 and in the presence of PI3K inhibitors. Our findings suggest that PIM inhibitors provide promising additions to the targeted therapies available to melanoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batool Shannan
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Watters
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Quan Chen
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stefan Mollin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Dörr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Perego
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Benci
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Clemens Krepler
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Brafford
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Gao Zhang
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiangfan Yin
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adina Vultur
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nair JR, Caserta J, Belko K, Howell T, Fetterley G, Baldino C, Lee KP. Novel inhibition of PIM2 kinase has significant anti-tumor efficacy in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2017; 31:1715-1726. [PMID: 28008178 PMCID: PMC5537056 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The PIM kinase family (PIM1, 2 and 3) have a central role in integrating growth and survival signals, and are expressed in a wide range of solid and hematological malignancies. We now confirm that PIM2 is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and within MM group it is overexpressed in the high-risk MF subset (activation of proto-oncogenes MAF/MAFB). This is consistent with our finding of PIM2's role in key signaling pathways (IL-6, CD28 activation) that confer chemotherapy resistance in MM cells. These studies have identified a novel PIM2-selective non-ATP competitive inhibitor (JP11646) that has a 4 to 760-fold greater suppression of MM proliferation and viability than ATP-competitive PIM inhibitors. This increased efficacy is due not only to the inhibition of PIM2 kinase activity, but also to a novel mechanism involving specific downregulation of PIM2 mRNA and protein expression not seen with the ATP competitive inhibitors. Treatment with JP11646 in xenogeneic myeloma murine models demonstrated significant reduction in tumor burden and increased median survival. Altogether our findings suggest the existence of previously unrecognized feedback loop(s) where PIM2 kinase activity regulates PIM2 gene expression in malignant cells, and that JP11646 represents a novel class of PIM2 inhibitors that interdicts this feedback.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar R. Nair
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Justin Caserta
- Jasco Pharmaceuticals, 10-N Roessler Road, Woburn, MA 01801
- Boston Biomedical, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Krista Belko
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Tyger Howell
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Gerald Fetterley
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Carmen Baldino
- Jasco Pharmaceuticals, 10-N Roessler Road, Woburn, MA 01801
| | - Kelvin P. Lee
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk's Role as an Epigenetic Regulator in Health and Disease. Diseases 2017; 5:diseases5010012. [PMID: 28933365 PMCID: PMC5456335 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is the intention of this review to characterize milk's role as an epigenetic regulator in health and disease. Based on translational research, we identify milk as a major epigenetic modulator of gene expression of the milk recipient. Milk is presented as an epigenetic "doping system" of mammalian development. Milk exosome-derived micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that target DNA methyltransferases are implicated to play the key role in the upregulation of developmental genes such as FTO, INS, and IGF1. In contrast to miRNA-deficient infant formula, breastfeeding via physiological miRNA transfer provides the appropriate signals for adequate epigenetic programming of the newborn infant. Whereas breastfeeding is restricted to the lactation period, continued consumption of cow's milk results in persistent epigenetic upregulation of genes critically involved in the development of diseases of civilization such as diabesity, neurodegeneration, and cancer. We hypothesize that the same miRNAs that epigenetically increase lactation, upregulate gene expression of the milk recipient via milk-derived miRNAs. It is of critical concern that persistent consumption of pasteurized cow's milk contaminates the human food chain with bovine miRNAs, that are identical to their human analogs. Commercial interest to enhance dairy lactation performance may further increase the epigenetic miRNA burden for the milk consumer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mologni L, Magistroni V, Casuscelli F, Montemartini M, Gambacorti-Passerini C. The Novel PIM1 Inhibitor NMS-P645 Reverses PIM1-Dependent Effects on TMPRSS2/ERG Positive Prostate Cancer Cells And Shows Anti-Proliferative Activity in Combination with PI3K Inhibition. J Cancer 2017; 8:140-145. [PMID: 28123608 PMCID: PMC5264050 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PIM1 is over-expressed in multiple tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa). PIM1 upregulation is mediated by direct binding of the ERG transcription factor to its promoter. About 50% of PCa cases are characterized by the presence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion, leading to ERG over-expression and thus to PIM1 transcriptional activation. PIM kinases are considered as weak oncogenes, but when combined with additional genetic alterations can induce strong transforming effects. Here we show anti-proliferative activity of the newly described PIM1 inhibitor NMS-P645 in combination with the PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 in TMPRSS2/ERG positive and negative PCa cells. Treatment with NMS-P645 alone can reverse PIM1-mediated pro-survival signals in prostate cells, such as activation of STAT3 through Tyr705 phosphorylation and resistance to taxane-based treatments, but does not exert a strong anti-tumoral effect. However, the simultaneous treatment with NMS-P645 and GDC-0941 induces a significant anti-proliferative response in PCa cells. These results support the use of combination strategies with PIM and PI3K inhibitors as effective treatment for PCa cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mologni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vera Magistroni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy;; Hematology and Clinical Research Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
PIM-1 contributes to the malignancy of pancreatic cancer and displays diagnostic and prognostic value. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:133. [PMID: 27596051 PMCID: PMC5011911 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The effects of PIM-1 on the progression of pancreatic cancer remain unclear, and the prognostic value of PIM-1 levels in tissues is controversial. Additionally, the expression levels and clinical value of PIM-1 in plasma have not been reported. Methods The effects of PIM-1 on biological behaviours were analysed. PIM-1 levels in tissues and plasma were detected, and the clinical value was evaluated. Results We found that PIM-1 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells suppressed proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, enhanced apoptosis, resensitized cells to gemcitabine and erlotinib treatment, and inhibited ABCG2 and EZH2 mRNA expression. Our results indicated that PIM-1 and the EGFR pathway formed a positive feedback loop. We also found that PIM-1 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly upregulated and that a high level of expression was negatively associated with prognosis (P = 0.025, hazard ratio [HR] =2.113, 95 % confidence interval: 1.046–4.266). Additionally, we found that plasma PIM-1 levels in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly increased and could be used in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. High plasma PIM-1 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer (P = 0.037, HR = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.04–3.35). Conclusion Our study suggests that PIM-1 contributes to malignancy and has diagnostic and prognostic value in pancreatic cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0406-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
17
|
Büttner R, Berndt A, Valkova C, Richter P, Korn A, Kosan C, Liebmann C. Myofibroblasts have an impact on expression, dimerization and signaling of different ErbB receptors in OSCC cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 37:25-37. [PMID: 27051967 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2016.1155066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receptors of the ErbB family belong to the key players in cancer development and are targets of several therapeutic approaches. Their functional dependency on the tumor microenvironment, especially on CAFs is albeit still poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the impact of CAF secretome on ErbB receptor expression and signaling behavior in OSCC. METHODS Stimulation of PE/CA-PJ15 OSCC cells with conditioned media of TGF-β1-activated fibroblasts was used as model system for CAF to cancer cell communication. Thereby costimulation with inhibitors against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3-K), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) or knockdown of Her3 by siRNA was utilized for detailed investigation of the expression, dimerization and signaling pattern of ErbB in western blot and coimmunoprecipitation. RESULTS Our results show that soluble factors in activated fibroblast secretome stimulate metalloproteinase activity in the membrane of cancer cells. Thereby ligands are released that activate EGFR and subsequently upregulates EGFR expression via the STAT3 pathway. Simultaneously, the expression of PKCɛ was enhanced via a PI3-kinase/Akt-mediated pathway and a negative feedback regulation loop on EGFR downstream signaling generated. Furthermore, the activated fibroblasts secretome stimulated the highly oncogenic hetero-dimerization between HER3 and p95HER2. That protein association is inversely dependent on the expression level of HER3. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the activated fibroblasts secretome can induce a counterbalanced regulation of protein expression, downstream signaling and the dimerization patterns of different ErbB receptor subtypes in the cancer cell. Thus, the combinatorial targeting of CAFs and selective ErbB receptor subtype inhibitors may provide a useful approach in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Büttner
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany.,b Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute , >Jena > , Germany
| | - Alexander Berndt
- c Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany , and
| | - Christina Valkova
- b Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute , >Jena > , Germany
| | - Petra Richter
- c Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany , and
| | - Alexander Korn
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany.,d Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University Hospital , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christian Kosan
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Claus Liebmann
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vuong LM, Chellappa K, Dhahbi JM, Deans JR, Fang B, Bolotin E, Titova NV, Hoverter NP, Spindler SR, Waterman ML, Sladek FM. Differential Effects of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α Isoforms on Tumor Growth and T-Cell Factor 4/AP-1 Interactions in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:3471-90. [PMID: 26240283 PMCID: PMC4573706 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00030-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) is tumor suppressive in the liver but amplified in colon cancer, suggesting that it also might be oncogenic. To investigate whether this discrepancy is due to different HNF4α isoforms derived from its two promoters (P1 and P2), we generated Tet-On-inducible human colon cancer (HCT116) cell lines that express either the P1-driven (HNF4α2) or P2-driven (HNF4α8) isoform and analyzed them for tumor growth and global changes in gene expression (transcriptome sequencing [RNA-seq] and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing [ChIP-seq]). The results show that while HNF4α2 acts as a tumor suppressor in the HCT116 tumor xenograft model, HNF4α8 does not. Each isoform regulates the expression of distinct sets of genes and recruits, colocalizes, and competes in a distinct fashion with the Wnt/β-catenin mediator T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) at CTTTG motifs as well as at AP-1 motifs (TGAXTCA). Protein binding microarrays (PBMs) show that HNF4α and TCF4 share some but not all binding motifs and that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sites bound by both HNF4α and TCF4 can alter binding affinity in vitro, suggesting that they could play a role in cancer susceptibility in vivo. Thus, the HNF4α isoforms play distinct roles in colon cancer, which could be due to differential interactions with the Wnt/β-catenin/TCF4 and AP-1 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linh M Vuong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Joseph M Dhahbi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jonathan R Deans
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Eugene Bolotin
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Nina V Titova
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Nate P Hoverter
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Stephen R Spindler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Marian L Waterman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Frances M Sladek
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu J, Zhang T, Wang T, You L, Zhao Y. PIM kinases: an overview in tumors and recent advances in pancreatic cancer. Future Oncol 2014; 10:865-76. [PMID: 24799066 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The PIM kinases represent a family of serine/threonine kinases, which is composed of three different members (PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3). Aberrant expression of PIM kinases is observed in variety of tumors, including pancreatic cancer. The PIM kinases play pivotal roles in the regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, properties of stem cells, metabolism, autophagy, drug resistance and targeted therapy. The roles of PIM kinases in pancreatic cancer include the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, formation, angiogenesis and prediction prognosis. Blocking the activities of PIM kinases could prevent pancreatic cancer development. PIM kinases may be a novel target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Martín-Sánchez E, Odqvist L, Rodríguez-Pinilla SM, Sánchez-Beato M, Roncador G, Domínguez-González B, Blanco-Aparicio C, García Collazo AM, Cantalapiedra EG, Fernández JP, del Olmo SC, Pisonero H, Madureira R, Almaraz C, Mollejo M, Alves FJ, Menárguez J, González-Palacios F, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Ortiz-Romero PL, Real FX, García JF, Bischoff JR, Piris MA. PIM kinases as potential therapeutic targets in a subset of peripheral T cell lymphoma cases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112148. [PMID: 25386922 PMCID: PMC4227704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no efficient therapy for patients with peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). The Proviral Integration site of Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are important mediators of cell survival. We aimed to determine the therapeutic value of PIM kinases because they are overexpressed in PTCL patients, T cell lines and primary tumoral T cells. PIM kinases were inhibited genetically (using small interfering and short hairpin RNAs) and pharmacologically (mainly with the pan-PIM inhibitor (PIMi) ETP-39010) in a panel of 8 PTCL cell lines. Effects on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, key proteins and gene expression were evaluated. Individual inhibition of each of the PIM genes did not affect PTCL cell survival, partially because of a compensatory mechanism among the three PIM genes. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of all PIM kinases strongly induced apoptosis in all PTCL cell lines, without cell cycle arrest, in part through the induction of DNA damage. Therefore, pan-PIMi synergized with Cisplatin. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of PIM reduced primary tumoral T cell viability without affecting normal T cells ex vivo. Since anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) cell lines were the most sensitive to the pan-PIMi, we tested the simultaneous inhibition of ALK and PIM kinases and found a strong synergistic effect in ALK+ ALCL cell lines. Our findings suggest that PIM kinase inhibition could be of therapeutic value in a subset of PTCL, especially when combined with ALK inhibitors, and might be clinically beneficial in ALK+ ALCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Martín-Sánchez
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Lina Odqvist
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Margarita Sánchez-Beato
- Onco-hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro - Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanna Roncador
- Monoclonal Antibodies Core Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. García Collazo
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Pastor Fernández
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soraya Curiel del Olmo
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Helena Pisonero
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Rebeca Madureira
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Almaraz
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuela Mollejo
- Pathology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Luis Rodríguez-Peralto
- Pathology Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Medical School Universidad Complutense, Instituto i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo L. Ortiz-Romero
- Dermatology Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Medical School Universidad Complutense, Instituto i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco X. Real
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. García
- Translational Research Laboratory, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - James R. Bischoff
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Piris
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Genomics Group, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL) & Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pang W, Tian X, Bai F, Han R, Wang J, Shen H, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yan X, Jiang F, Xing L. Pim-1 kinase is a target of miR-486-5p and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, and plays a critical role in lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:240. [PMID: 25342548 PMCID: PMC4213487 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pim-1 kinase is a proto-oncogene and its dysregulation contributes to tumorigenesis and progression of a variety of malignancies. Pim-1 was suggested as a therapeutic target of cancers. The functional relevance of Pim-1 and the mechanism underlying its dysregulation in lung tumorigenesis remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate if Pim-1 has important functions in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by: 1) evaluating the clinicopathologic significance of Pim-1 through analysing its expression in 101 human NSCLCs tissues using quantitative PCR, Western Blot and immunohistochemical studies, 2) determining its role in NSCLC and drug resistance using in vitro assays, and 3) investigating the regulatory mechanism of Pim-1 dysregulation in lung tumorigenesis. Results Pim-1 was upregulated in 66.2% of the lung tumor tissues and its expression was significantly related to advanced stage (P = 0.019) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026). Reduced Pim-1 expression suppressed NSCLC cell growth, cell cycle progression and migration in vitro. Pim-1 was a novel target of miR-486-5p determined by luciferase report assay, and ectopic miR-486-5p expression in cancer cells reduced Pim-1 expression. Furthermore, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) controlled the synthesis of Pim-1 in NSCLC cells, and its expression was positively associated with that of Pim-1 in NSCLC tissue specimens (r = 0.504, p < 0.001). The downregulated miR-486-5p and upregulated eIF4E in NSCLC cells led to the overexpression of Pim-1 by relieving the inhibitory effect of the 3′-UTR or 5′-UTR of Pim-1 mRNA, respectively. Moreover, Pim-1 knockdown sensitized NSCLC cells to cisplatin and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib. Conclusions Pim-1 kinase could be a critical survival signaling factor in NSCLC, and regulated by miR-486-5p and eIF4E. Pim-1 kinase may provide a potential target for diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-240) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lingxiao Xing
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wadood A, Jamal SB, Riaz M, Mir A. Computational analysis of benzofuran-2-carboxlic acids as potent Pim-1 kinase inhibitors. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1170-1178. [PMID: 24766364 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.880488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The three Pim serine/threonine kinases (Pim-1, Pim-2, and Pim-3) belong to a small family of kinases that regulate numerous signaling pathways fundamental to the development of tumors. Pim kinases' overexpression has been reported in numerous solid and hematological tumors and, in particular, prostate cancer (Pim-1). OBJECTIVES This study investigated the binding modes of benzofuran-2-carboxlic acids against Pim-1 kinase, hence providing useful information for the active inhibition of it. MATERIALS AND METHODS In present study, molecular docking approach via MOE-Dock program was applied to predict the binding interactions of some known Pim-1 kinase inhibitors. First validation of the docking protocol was carried out by calculating RMSD for the co-crystallized and docked ligands. Using the same protocol, all the compounds were docked into the active site of Pim-1 kinase. RESULTS All the compounds showed significant interactions and good correlation with the experimental data. The results illustrate that compounds with optimum basicity and relevant distance between the acidic and basic groups showed optimum interactions with the active site residues of Pim-1 kinase. CONCLUSION We hope that this study will be helpful in designing new, structurally diverse and more potent compounds for the active treatment of prostate cancer and other related diseases caused by deregulation of Pim-1 kinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University , Mardan , Pakistan and
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Herzog S, Fink MA, Weitmann K, Friedel C, Hadlich S, Langner S, Kindermann K, Holm T, Böhm A, Eskilsson E, Miletic H, Hildner M, Fritsch M, Vogelgesang S, Havemann C, Ritter CA, Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE, Rauch B, Hoffmann W, Kroemer HK, Schroeder H, Bien-Möller S. Pim1 kinase is upregulated in glioblastoma multiforme and mediates tumor cell survival. Neuro Oncol 2014; 17:223-42. [PMID: 25155357 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive and common primary brain tumor of adults, involves surgery and a combined radiochemotherapy that controls tumor progression only for a limited time window. Therefore, the identification of new molecular targets is highly necessary. Inhibition of kinases has become a standard of clinical oncology, and thus the oncogenic kinase Pim1 might represent a promising target for improvement of GBM therapy. METHODS Expression of Pim1 and associated signaling molecules was analyzed in human GBM samples, and the potential role of this kinase in patients' prognosis was evaluated. Furthermore, we analyzed the in vivo role of Pim1 in GBM cell growth in an orthotopic mouse model and examined the consequences of Pim1 inhibition in vitro to clarify underlying pathways. RESULTS In comparison with normal brain, a strong upregulation of Pim1 was demonstrated in human GBM samples. Notably, patients with short overall survival showed a significantly higher Pim1 expression compared with GBM patients who lived longer than the median. In vitro experiments with GBM cells and analysis of patients' GBM samples suggest that Pim1 regulation is dependent on epidermal growth factor receptor. Furthermore, inhibition of Pim1 resulted in reduced cell viability accompanied by decreased cell numbers and increased apoptotic cells, as seen by elevated subG1 cell contents and caspase-3 and -9 activation, as well as modulation of several cell cycle or apoptosis regulatory proteins. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, Pim1 could be a novel therapeutic target, which should be further analyzed to improve the outcome of patients with aggressive GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susann Herzog
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Matthias Alexander Fink
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Kerstin Weitmann
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Claudius Friedel
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Stefan Hadlich
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Sönke Langner
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Katharina Kindermann
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Tobias Holm
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Andreas Böhm
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Eskil Eskilsson
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Hrvoje Miletic
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Markus Hildner
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Michael Fritsch
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Silke Vogelgesang
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Christoph Havemann
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Christoph Alexander Ritter
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Henriette Elisabeth Meyer zu Schwabedissen
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Bernhard Rauch
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Heyo Klaus Kroemer
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Henry Schroeder
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| | - Sandra Bien-Möller
- Department of Pharmacology/C_DAT (S.H., M.H., M.A.F., T.H., A.B., H.E.M.z.S., H.K.K., B.R., S.B-M.); Institute of Pathology (S.V.); Institute of Pharmacy (C.A.R.); Institute for Community Medicine (K.W., C.H., W.H.); Clinic of Neurosurgery (C.F., M.F., H.S.); Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (S.H., K.K., S.L.); Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.); Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (E.E., H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Foulks JM, Carpenter KJ, Luo B, Xu Y, Senina A, Nix R, Chan A, Clifford A, Wilkes M, Vollmer D, Brenning B, Merx S, Lai S, McCullar MV, Ho KK, Albertson DJ, Call LT, Bearss JJ, Tripp S, Liu T, Stephens BJ, Mollard A, Warner SL, Bearss DJ, Kanner SB. A small-molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases as a potential treatment for urothelial carcinomas. Neoplasia 2014; 16:403-12. [PMID: 24953177 PMCID: PMC4198696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogene proviral integration site for moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases (PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3) are serine/threonine kinases that are involved in a number of signaling pathways important to cancer cells. PIM kinases act in downstream effector functions as inhibitors of apoptosis and as positive regulators of G1-S phase progression through the cell cycle. PIM kinases are upregulated in multiple cancer indications, including lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, and prostate, gastric, and head and neck cancers. Overexpression of one or more PIM family members in patient tumors frequently correlates with poor prognosis. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate PIM expression in low- and high-grade urothelial carcinoma and to assess the role PIM function in disease progression and their potential to serve as molecular targets for therapy. One hundred thirty-seven cases of urothelial carcinoma were included in this study of surgical biopsy and resection specimens. High levels of expression of all three PIM family members were observed in both noninvasive and invasive urothelial carcinomas. The second-generation PIM inhibitor, TP-3654, displays submicromolar activity in pharmacodynamic biomarker modulation, cell proliferation studies, and colony formation assays using the UM-UC-3 bladder cancer cell line. TP-3654 displays favorable human ether-à-go-go-related gene and cytochrome P450 inhibition profiles compared with the first-generation PIM inhibitor, SGI-1776, and exhibits oral bioavailability. In vivo xenograft studies using a bladder cancer cell line show that PIM kinase inhibition can reduce tumor growth, suggesting that PIM kinase inhibitors may be active in human urothelial carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bai Luo
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yong Xu
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Anna Senina
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Rebecca Nix
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ashley Chan
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuping Lai
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Koc-Kan Ho
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Daniel J Albertson
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Jared J Bearss
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liang C, Li YY. Use of regulators and inhibitors of Pim-1, a serine/threonine kinase, for tumour therapy (review). Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2051-60. [PMID: 24737044 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pim-1 is a proto-oncogene that encodes a serine/threonine kinase that is overexpressed in a range of haematopoietic malignancies and solid cancers. Pim-1 expression is tightly regulated by multiple biomolecules at different levels. Several lines of evidence have indicated that dysregulation of Pim-1 can interfere with the cell cycle and apoptosis to promote malignant transformation of a number of types of tumour. Thus, investigation of Pim-1 regulation may provide important theoretical guidance for the development of molecular targeting therapies and drug treatments for Pim-1‑associated diseases. Regulators of Pim-1 expression, include microRNAs, oestrogen, inecalcitol, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) mimetic inhibitors and ATP competitive inhibitors of Pim-1. Combinations of inhibitors of Pim-1 expression and Pim-1‑specific inhibitors may provide novel therapies for cancer patients and directions for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Toren P, Zoubeidi A. Rational cotargeting of Pim-1 and Akt in prostate cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 13:937-9. [PMID: 23984895 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.816461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of: Cen B, Mahajan S, Wang W, Kraft AS. Elevation of receptor tyrosine kinases by small molecule AKT inhibitors in prostate cancer is mediated by Pim-1. Cancer Res. 73(11), 3402-3411 (2013). The PI3K/Akt pathway is a key pathway in many advanced and aggressive cancers. Targeted inhibition of this pathway is currently an actively pursued therapeutic strategy. However, blockade of this pathway with inhibitors has been challenging, with up-regulation of reciprocal feedback pathways contributing to treatment failures. The article evaluated presents mechanistic data on how Pim is a critical mediator of the receptor tyrosine elevation induced by Akt inhibition. Pim-1 kinases are overexpressed in resistant and aggressive cancers. Following Akt inhibition, Pim- regulates receptor tyrosine kinases up-regulation, at least in part, through a cap-independent translation. This research leads the way for further evaluation of co-targeting strategies using Pim-1 inhibitors in combination with PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Toren
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Arunesh GM, Shanthi E, Krishna MH, Sooriya Kumar J, Viswanadhan VN. Small molecule inhibitors of PIM1 kinase: July 2009 to February 2013 patent update. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 24:5-17. [PMID: 24131033 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.848196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proviral insertion in murine (PIM) lymphoma proteins for which three isoforms, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 have been identified, belonging to the family of serine/threonine kinases has emerged recently as an important therapeutic target for the development of selective inhibitors as the new drugs for treating hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The small molecules developed by academia and the pharmaceutical industry have steadily increased in the last few years. Several drug discovery groups focus on treating disorders, such as cancer mediated by PIM kinase, have provided preclinical evidence suggesting that PIM inhibitor provides anti-apoptotic activity, inhibit cell survival and cell proliferation. AREAS COVERED This article discloses recent reviews on research and advances published in the patent literature and scientific publications from July 2009 to February 2013, highlighting discoveries on PIM1 kinase. EXPERT OPINION Several PIM1 kinase small molecule inhibitors are now at the pre-clinical research stage, development and testing. Though nearly 40 patents emerged in the last 3 years, greater efforts towards additional designs and medicinal chemistry continues for developing clinically efficacious PIM1 inhibitors, due to the significance of the target for cancer and the potential for novel and diverse inhibitors as drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gubbi M Arunesh
- Department of Computational Chemistry and Informatics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Industrial Suburb , 96, Industrial Suburb, 2nd Stage, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore 560 022, Karnataka , India +91 80 6662 8908 ; +91 80 66628333 ;
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Casuscelli F, Ardini E, Avanzi N, Casale E, Cervi G, D'Anello M, Donati D, Faiardi D, Ferguson RD, Fogliatto G, Galvani A, Marsiglio A, Mirizzi DG, Montemartini M, Orrenius C, Papeo G, Piutti C, Salom B, Felder ER. Discovery and optimization of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazinones leads to novel and selective inhibitors of PIM kinases. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7364-80. [PMID: 24139169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of PIM inhibitors was derived from a combined effort in natural product-inspired library generation and screening. The novel pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazinones initial hits are inhibitors of PIM isoforms with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. The application of a rational optimization strategy, guided by the determination of the crystal structure of the complex in the kinase domain of PIM1 with compound 1, led to the discovery of compound 15a, which is a potent PIM kinases inhibitor exhibiting excellent selectivity against a large panel of kinases, representative of each family. The synthesis, structure-activity relationship studies, and pharmacokinetic data of compounds from this inhibitor class are presented herein. Furthermore, the cellular activities including inhibition of cell growth and modulation of downstream targets are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Casuscelli
- Oncology, Nerviano Medical Sciences, viale Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano (MI), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ren K, Gou X, Xiao M, Wang M, Liu C, Tang Z, He W. The over-expression of Pim-2 promote the tumorigenesis of prostatic carcinoma through phosphorylating eIF4B. Prostate 2013; 73:1462-9. [PMID: 23813671 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell experiments have found Pim-2 may take part in the tumorigenesis of prostatic carcinoma (PCA). More direct evidences are needed, and the detailed anti-apoptotic mechanism of Pim-2 in PCA cells is still unknown. METHODS Pim-2 expression levels were compared between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues and PCA tissues using real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Then Pim-2 expression levels were detected in PCA cell lines DU-145 and LNCaP, as well as in nontumorous prostatic epithelial cell lines RWPE-1 and PNT1a, using real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The co-expression of Pim-2 and eukaryotic initiation factor 4B (eIF4B) was examined by immunofluorescence cytochemistry using laser scanning confocal microscope. Finally, Pim-2 SiRNA was transfected into DU-145 cells and Pim-2 was transfected into RWPE-1 cells, and the level of Pim-2 and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 4B (p-eIF4B) were detected, as well as the apoptosis rate. RESULTS The Pim-2 mRNA and protein level were significantly higher in PCA tissues than those in BPH tissues. The Pim-2 mRNA and protein level in DU-145 and LNCaP cells were significantly higher than those in RWPE-1 and PNT1a cells. Pim-2 and eIF4B could co-express in DU-145 cells. Pim-2 level determined the phosphorylation level of eIF4B and the apoptosis rate of prostatic cells. The higher Pim-2 expressed, the more eIF4B phosphorylated, then the less cell got apoptosis, and vice versa. CONCLUSION Pim-2 was over-expressed in PCA cell lines and tissues. It may inhibit the apoptosis of PCA cells through phosphorylating eIF4B, thus promote the tumorigenesis of PCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
McCubrey JA, Steelman LS, Chappell WH, Abrams SL, Franklin RA, Montalto G, Cervello M, Libra M, Candido S, Malaponte G, Mazzarino MC, Fagone P, Nicoletti F, Bäsecke J, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Milella M, Tafuri A, Chiarini F, Evangelisti C, Cocco L, Martelli AM. Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascade inhibitors: how mutations can result in therapy resistance and how to overcome resistance. Oncotarget 2013; 3:1068-111. [PMID: 23085539 PMCID: PMC3717945 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades are often activated by genetic alterations in upstream signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). Targeting these pathways is often complex and can result in pathway activation depending on the presence of upstream mutations (e.g., Raf inhibitors induce Raf activation in cells with wild type (WT) RAF in the presence of mutant, activated RAS) and rapamycin can induce Akt activation. Targeting with inhibitors directed at two constituents of the same pathway or two different signaling pathways may be a more effective approach. This review will first evaluate potential uses of Raf, MEK, PI3K, Akt and mTOR inhibitors that have been investigated in pre-clinical and clinical investigations and then discuss how cancers can become insensitive to various inhibitors and potential strategies to overcome this resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
McCubrey JA, Steelman LS, Chappell WH, Sun L, Davis NM, Abrams SL, Franklin RA, Cocco L, Evangelisti C, Chiarini F, Martelli AM, Libra M, Candido S, Ligresti G, Malaponte G, Mazzarino MC, Fagone P, Donia M, Nicoletti F, Polesel J, Talamini R, Bäsecke J, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Michele M, Tafuri A, Dulińska-Litewka J, Laidler P, D'Assoro AB, Drobot L, Umezawa D, Montalto G, Cervello M, Demidenko ZN. Advances in targeting signal transduction pathways. Oncotarget 2012; 3:1505-21. [PMID: 23455493 PMCID: PMC3681490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, significant advances have occurred in both our understanding of the complexity of signal transduction pathways as well as the isolation of specific inhibitors which target key components in those pathways. Furthermore critical information is being accrued regarding how genetic mutations can affect the sensitivity of various types of patients to targeted therapy. Finally, genetic mechanisms responsible for the development of resistance after targeted therapy are being discovered which may allow the creation of alternative therapies to overcome resistance. This review will discuss some of the highlights over the past few years on the roles of key signaling pathways in various diseases, the targeting of signal transduction pathways and the genetic mechanisms governing sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Blanco-Aparicio C, Carnero A. Pim kinases in cancer: diagnostic, prognostic and treatment opportunities. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 85:629-643. [PMID: 23041228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PIM proteins belong to a family of ser/thr kinases composed of 3 members, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3, with greatly overlapping functions. PIM kinases are mainly responsible for cell cycle regulation, antiapoptotic activity and the homing and migration of receptor tyrosine kinases mediated via the JAK/STAT pathway. PIM kinases have been found to be upregulated in many hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Although these kinases have been described as weak oncogenes, they are heavily targeted for anticancer drug discovery. The present review summarizes the discoveries made to date regarding PIM kinases as driving oncogenes in the process of tumorigenesis and their validation as drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ogawa N, Yuki H, Tanaka A. Insights from Pim1 structure for anti-cancer drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:1177-92. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.727394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
34
|
Drygin D, Haddach M, Pierre F, Ryckman DM. Potential Use of Selective and Nonselective Pim Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8199-208. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3009234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Drygin
- Cylene Pharmaceuticals, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121,
United States
| | - Mustapha Haddach
- HTK Corporation, 5218 Rivergrade Road, Irwindale, California
91706, United States
| | - Fabrice Pierre
- 3244
Caminito Eastbluff, Apt 40, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - David M. Ryckman
- Cylene Pharmaceuticals, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121,
United States
| |
Collapse
|