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Hao W, Jialong Z, Jiuzhi Y, Yang Y, Chongning L, Jincai L. ADP-ribosylation, a multifaceted modification: Functions and mechanisms in aging and aging-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102347. [PMID: 38815933 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Aging, a complex biological process, plays key roles the development of multiple disorders referred as aging-related diseases involving cardiovascular diseases, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, lipid metabolism-related diseases. ADP-ribosylation is a reversible modification onto proteins and nucleic acids to alter their structures and/or functions. Growing evidence support the importance of ADP-ribosylation and ADP-ribosylation-associated enzymes in aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we summarized ADP-ribosylation-associated proteins including ADP-ribosyl transferases, the ADP-ribosyl hydrolyses and ADP-ribose binding domains. Furthermore, we outlined the latest knowledge about regulation of ADP-ribosylation in the pathogenesis and progression of main aging-related diseases, organism aging and cellular senescence, and we also speculated the underlying mechanisms to better disclose this novel molecular network. Moreover, we discussed current issues and provided an outlook for future research, aiming to revealing the unknown bio-properties of ADP-ribosylation, and establishing a novel therapeutic perspective in aging-related diseases and health aging via targeting ADP-ribosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao Jialong
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Jiuzhi
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lv Chongning
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Jincai
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Qin C, Ye X, Luo H, Jin H, Liu Q, Li J. Analysis of the Expression and Prognostic Value of SIRTs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2655-2671. [PMID: 38859909 PMCID: PMC11164202 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s460549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study contributes to the evolving understanding of the pivotal involvement of Sirtuins (SIRTs) in various human cancers, with a particular focus on elucidating their expression patterns and clinical relevance within the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The investigation involves a comprehensive analysis of mRNA expression and prognostic implications associated with distinct SIRTs in HCC. Patients and Methods Initial data pertaining to SIRT expression in HCC patients were collated from publicly accessible databases. Subsequently, the expression levels of select members of the SIRT family were validated using clinicopathological specimens from HCC patients. Additionally, HCC tissue microarray was employed to scrutinize the correlation between SIRT7 expression and HCC prognosis. Results The findings indicated a substantial upregulation of SIRT2, SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT6, and SIRT7 in HCC tissues. Survival analysis underscored a pronounced association between elevated mRNA levels of SIRT3, SIRT6, and SIRT7 and an adverse prognosis for HCC patients. Particularly, SIRT7 emerged as a potential independent risk factor for poor prognosis in HCC patients. Examination of the HCC tissue microarray revealed heightened expression of SIRT7 in 68 cases (54.8%) of HCC tissues. Multivariate analysis established high SIRT7 expression as an independent risk factor for diminished Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) in HCC patients. Conclusion The aberrant expression of SIRT7 presents itself may be as a novel biomarker for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Qin
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Ye
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Luo
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Jin
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangfa Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin City, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Ebrahimnezhad M, Natami M, Bakhtiari GH, Tabnak P, Ebrahimnezhad N, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. FOXO1, a tiny protein with intricate interactions: Promising therapeutic candidate in lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115900. [PMID: 37981461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women globally. Despite the development of extremely efficient targeted agents, lung cancer progression and drug resistance remain serious clinical issues. Increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying progression and drug resistance will enable the development of novel therapeutic methods. It has been revealed that transcription factors (TF) dysregulation, which results in considerable expression modifications of genes, is a generally prevalent phenomenon regarding human malignancies. The forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), a member of the forkhead transcription factor family with crucial roles in cell fate decisions, is suggested to play a pivotal role as a tumor suppressor in a variety of malignancies, especially in lung cancer. FOXO1 is involved in diverse cellular processes and also has clinical significance consisting of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, oxidative stress, cancer prevention, treatment, and chemo/radioresistance. Based on the critical role of FOXO1, this transcription factor appears to be an appropriate target for future drug discovery in lung cancers. This review focused on the signaling pathways, and molecular mechanisms involved in FOXO1 regulation in lung cancer. We also discuss pharmacological compounds that are currently being administered for lung cancer treatment by affecting FOXO1 and also point out the essential role of FOXO1 in drug resistance. Future preclinical research should assess combination drug strategies to stimulate FOXO1 and its upstream regulators as potential strategies to treat resistant or advanced lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology,Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Ebrahimnezhad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Zhao K, Zheng M, Su Z, Ghosh S, Zhang C, Zhong W, Ho JWK, Jin G, Zhou Z. MOF-mediated acetylation of SIRT6 disrupts SIRT6-FOXA2 interaction and represses SIRT6 tumor-suppressive function by upregulating ZEB2 in NSCLC. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112939. [PMID: 37566546 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) regulates a spectrum of vital biological processes and has long been implicated in the progression of cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of SIRT6 in tumorigenesis remain elusive. Here, we report that the tumor-suppressive function of SIRT6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is regulated by acetylation. Specifically, males absent on the first (MOF) acetylates SIRT6 at K128, K160, and K267, resulting in a decreased deacetylase activity of SIRT6 and attenuated SIRT6 tumor-suppressive function in NSCLC. Mechanistically, MOF-mediated SIRT6 acetylation hinders the interaction between SIRT6 and transcriptional factor FOXA2, which in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of ZEB2, thus promoting NSCLC progression. Collectively, these data indicate an acetylation-dependent mechanism that modulates SIRT6 tumor-suppressive function in NSCLC. Our findings suggest that the MOF-SIRT6-ZEB2 axis may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Zhao
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zezhuo Su
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Shrestha Ghosh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Joshua Wing Kei Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiang Jin
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China.
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Reproductive Medical Center, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R. China.
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You Y, Liang W. SIRT1 and SIRT6: The role in aging-related diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166815. [PMID: 37499928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by progressive functional deterioration with increased risk of mortality. It is a complex biological process driven by a multitude of intertwined mechanisms such as increased DNA damage, chronic inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of NAD+-dependent enzymes that regulate fundamental biological functions from genomic stability and lifespan to energy metabolism and tumorigenesis. Of the seven mammalian SIRT isotypes (SIRT1-7), SIRT1 and SIRT6 are well-recognized for regulating signaling pathways related to aging. Herein, we review the protective role of SIRT1 and SIRT6 in aging-related diseases at molecular, cellular, tissue, and whole-organism levels. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 and SIRT6 modulators in the treatment of these diseases and challenges thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzi You
- Department of General Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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6
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Zhao Y, Hu F, Wang Q. Cortactin contributes to the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by activating ERK/MMP pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18289. [PMID: 37539204 PMCID: PMC10395536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and high incidence. This study aims to explore the function and molecular mechanism of Cortactin on gastric cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. A bioinformatics analysis from TCGA displayed that Cortactin was highly expressed in gastric cancer samples, and patients with a high Cortactin level had a worse survival rate. Subsequently, we investigated the specific mechanism of action of A in gastric cancer by collecting patient samples for immunohistochemistry, WB, qRT-PCR, cell transfection, cell invasion and metastasis, and constructing tumor xenografts in nude mice. Overexpression of Cortactin inhibited apoptosis and enhanced cellular proliferation and mobility in AGS cells, while those activities were reversed by the knockdown of MMP2 or MMP9. Conversely, the deletion of Cortactin induced apoptosis and suppressed cell growth and metastasis in SGC7901 cells, whereas those behaviors were inhibited by overexpression of MMP2 or MMP9. Additionally, the ERK pathway was activated by Cortactin upregulation. In vivo studies presented that overexpression of Cortactin promoted tumor growth, increased Ki67 expression, and reduced caspase 3 expression, which was reversed by ERK inhibitor treatment. In conclusion, Cortactin acted as an oncogene in gastric cancer and exerted its function by ERK/MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
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7
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Subramani P, Nagarajan N, Mariaraj S, Vilwanathan R. Knockdown of sirtuin6 positively regulates acetylation of DNMT1 to inhibit NOTCH signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Cell Signal 2023; 105:110629. [PMID: 36813148 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Sirtuin proteins (1-7) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylases and ADP-ribosyl transferases (class III histone deacetylase enzymes (HDAC)) mainly involved in the removal of the acetyl group from histone proteins. SIRT6, one of the sirtuins, plays a major role in cancer progression in many types of cancer conditions. We recently reported that SIRT6 acts as an oncogene in NSCLC; thus, silencing of SIRT6 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in NSCLC cell lines. NOTCH signaling has been reported to be involved in cell survival and regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. However, recent studies from different groups have converged on the notion that NOTCH1 may be an important oncogene in NSCLC. The abnormal expression of NOTCH signaling pathway members is a relatively frequent event in patients with NSCLC. SIRT6 and the NOTCH signaling pathway might play a critical role in tumorigenesis since they are highly expressed in NSCLC. This study has been performed to explore the exact mechanism by which SIRT6 inhibits cell proliferation and induces the apoptosis of NSCLC cell lines and its correlation with NOTCH signaling. MAIN METHODS In vitro experiments with human NSCLC cells have been performed. Immunocytochemistry study was used to analyze the expression of NOTCH1 and DNMT1 in A549 and NCI-H460 cell lines. RT-qPCR, Western Blot, Methylated DNA specific PCR, and Co-Immunoprecipitation were performed to explore the key events in the regulation of NOTCH signaling by silencing SIRT6 in NSCLC cell lines. KEY FINDINGS The findings of this study suggest that silencing of SIRT6 significantly promotes the acetylation status of DNMT1 and stabilizes it. Consequently, acetylated DNMT1 translocates into the nucleus and methylates the NOTCH1 promoter region, resulting in the hindering of NOTCH1-mediated NOTCH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Subramani
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nanthakumar Nagarajan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sagayamercy Mariaraj
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravikumar Vilwanathan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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8
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Xu B, Jiang L, Cui JL, Zhu XL, Bai YJ, Chen J, Diao YQ. MiR-363 suppresses the tumor growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma via the SIRT6/PI3K/AKT axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1276. [PMID: 36618816 PMCID: PMC9816826 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a rare and aggressive tumor of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The role of micro ribonucleic acid (RNA) (miR)-363 in NKTCL has not yet been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of miR-363 in NKTCL. Methods The expression of the top five differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in NK normal cells and its tumor cell lines were explored. The clinical tissues of NKTCL patients were collected and analyzed for expression of miR-363 and SIRT6. In addition, human NK/T-cell lymphoma cells (SNK-6) were transfected into different groups to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis abilities through cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) experiment and flow cytometry analysis. Western blot assay was employed to examine protein expression. NKTCL nude mice models were constructed by subcutaneous injection of stably transfected SNK-6 cells to validate the mechanism of miR-363 in NKTCL via SIRT6 in vivo. Results MiR-363 was down-regulated in NKTCL tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-363 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. In contrast, SIRT6 was up-regulated in NKTCL and proved to be a downstream target of miR-363. SIRT6 could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. Also, miR-363 mimic could suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of NKTCL via the SIRT6/PI3K/AKT axis both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions MiR-363 suppresses the SIRT6/PI3K/AKT pathway to restrain cell proliferation and accelerate cell apoptosis during NKTCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lian Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jia-Li Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Han Dan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Jie Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Qiao Diao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Onyiba CI, Scarlett CJ, Weidenhofer J. The Mechanistic Roles of Sirtuins in Breast and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205118. [PMID: 36291902 PMCID: PMC9600935 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There are diverse reports of the dual role of sirtuin genes and proteins in breast and prostate cancers. This review discusses the current information on the tumor promotion or suppression roles of SIRT1–7 in breast and prostate cancers. Precisely, we highlight that sirtuins regulate various proteins implicated in proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, chemoresistance, invasion, migration, and metastasis of both breast and prostate cancer. We also provide evidence of the direct regulation of sirtuins by miRNAs, highlighting the consequences of this regulation in breast and prostate cancer. Overall, this review reveals the potential value of sirtuins as biomarkers and/or targets for improved treatment of breast and prostate cancers. Abstract Mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1–7) are involved in a myriad of cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, aging, DNA repair, senescence, viability, survival, and stress response. In this review, we discuss the current information on the mechanistic roles of SIRT1–7 and their downstream effects (tumor promotion or suppression) in cancers of the breast and prostate. Specifically, we highlight the involvement of sirtuins in the regulation of various proteins implicated in proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, chemoresistance, invasion, migration, and metastasis of breast and prostate cancer. Additionally, we highlight the available information regarding SIRT1–7 regulation by miRNAs, laying much emphasis on the consequences in the progression of breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmos Ifeanyi Onyiba
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher J. Scarlett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Judith Weidenhofer
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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Xu Q, Liu X, Mohseni G, Hao X, Ren Y, Xu Y, Gao H, Wang Q, Wang Y. Mechanism research and treatment progress of NAD pathway related molecules in tumor immune microenvironment. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:242. [PMID: 35906622 PMCID: PMC9338646 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is the core of cellular energy metabolism. NAMPT, Sirtuins, PARP, CD38, and other molecules in this classic metabolic pathway affect many key cellular functions and are closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. In recent years, several studies have found that these molecules can regulate cell energy metabolism, promote the release of related cytokines, induce the expression of neoantigens, change the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and then play an anticancer role. Drugs targeting these molecules are under development or approved for clinical use. Although there are some side effects and drug resistance, the discovery of novel drugs, the development of combination therapies, and the application of new technologies provide solutions to these challenges and improve efficacy. This review presents the mechanisms of action of NAD pathway-related molecules in tumor immunity, advances in drug research, combination therapies, and some new technology-related therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- QinChen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ghazal Mohseni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodong Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yidan Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, 264209, Weihai, China
| | - Huiru Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Hong OY, Jang HY, Lee YR, Jung SH, Youn HJ, Kim JS. Inhibition of cell invasion and migration by targeting matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression via sirtuin 6 silencing in human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12125. [PMID: 35840633 PMCID: PMC9287314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) regulation is involved in carcinogenesis. However, its role in breast cancer (BC) metastasis remains unclear. We investigated the effects of SIRT6 on protein kinase C activator- and cytokine-mediated cancer cell invasion and migration in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and the association between SIRT6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression. To assess MMP-9 and SIRT6 expression in patients, protein levels in BC tissues were analyzed. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell viability was analyzed using MTT assays. SIRT6 was silenced in both cell lines and protein secretion, expression, and mRNA levels were analyzed. Transcription factor DNA activity was investigated using luciferase assays. Matrigel invasion assays were used to assess the effects of SIRT6 in both cell lines. SIRT6 and MMP-9 expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher than in paired normal breast tissues. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased MMP-9 expression and cell invasion and migration, but SIRT6 knockdown abolished these effects. SIRT6 overexpression additively increased TPA- and TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression. SIRT6 knockdown suppressed the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and thus TPA- and TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression. SIRT6 silencing suppressed TPA- and TNF-α-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) expressions in both cell lines, and treatment with MAPK, NF-κB, and AP-1 inhibitors reduced MMP-9 expression. The anti-invasive effects of SIRT6 in BC cells might be mediated by suppression of MAPK phosphorylation and reduction in NF-κB and AP-1 DNA activities, leading to MMP-9 downregulation, suggesting that SIRT6 modulation has the potential to target BC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- On-Yu Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Rae Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, and Institute of Biomaterials, Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jo Youn
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Bandopadhyay S, Prasad P, Ray U, Das Ghosh D, Roy SS. SIRT6 promotes mitochondrial fission and subsequent cellular invasion in ovarian cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1657-1676. [PMID: 35686673 PMCID: PMC9433826 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer ranks fifth in terms of cancer mortality in women due to lack of early diagnosis and poor clinical management. Characteristics like high cellular proliferation, EMT and metabolic alterations contribute to oncogenicity. Cancer, being a "metabolic disorder," is governed by various key regulatory factors like metabolic enzymes, oncogenes, and tumor suppressors. Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) belong to the group of NAD+ deacetylase and ADP-ribosylation enzymes that function as NAD+ sensors and metabolic regulators. Among sirtuin orthologs, SIRT6 emerges as an important oncogenic player, although its possible mechanistic involvement in ovarian cancer advancement is still elusive. Our data indicated a higher expression of SIRT6 in ovarian cancer tissues compared with the non-malignant ovarian tissue. Further, we observed that overexpression of SIRT6 enhances glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in ovarian cancer cells. The energy derived from these processes facilitates migration and invasion through invadopodia formation by reorganization of actin fibers. Mechanistically, SIRT6 has been shown to promote ERK1/2-driven activatory phosphorylation of DRP1 at serine-616, which has an obligatory role in inducing mitochondrial fission. These fragmented mitochondria facilitate cell movement important for metastases. siRNA-mediated downregulation of SIRT6 was found to decrease cellular invasion through compromised mitochondrial fragmentation and subsequent reduction in stress fiber formation in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, the present report establishes the impact of SIRT6 in the regulation of morphological and functional aspects of mitochondria that modulates invasion in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Bandopadhyay
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Parash Prasad
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Upasana Ray
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Damayanti Das Ghosh
- Basic and Translational Research, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sib Sankar Roy
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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13
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Chen Y, Zhou D, Feng Y, Li B, Cui Y, Chen G, Li N. Association of sirtuins (SIRT1-7) with lung and intestinal diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2539-2552. [PMID: 35594000 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
"Exterior-interior correlation between the lung and large intestine" is one of the important contents of traditional Chinese medicine. This theory describes the role of the lung and the intestine in association with disease treatment. The "lung-gut" axis is a modern extension of the "exterior-interior correlation between lung and large intestine" theory in TCM. Sirtuin (SIRT) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzyme family with deacetylase properties, which is highly conserved from bacteria to humans. The sirtuin defines seven silencing regulatory proteins (SIRT1-7) in human cells. It can regulate aging, metabolism, and certain diseases. Current studies have shown that sirtuins have dual characteristics, acting as both tumor promoters and tumor inhibitors in cancers. This paper provides a comparative summary of the roles of SIRT1-7 in the intestine and lung (both inflammatory diseases and tumors), and the promoter/suppressor effects of targeting SIRT family microRNAs and modulators of inflammation or tumors. Sirtuins have great potential as drug targets for the treatment of intestinal and respiratory diseases. Meanwhile, it may provide new ideas of future drug target research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhou
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxin Li
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cui
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Li Y, Jin J, Wang Y. SIRT6 Widely Regulates Aging, Immunity, and Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:861334. [PMID: 35463332 PMCID: PMC9019339 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.861334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT6 is a member of the Sir2-like family in mammals. Recent structural and biochemical studies have characterized SIRT6 as having deacetylation, defatty-acylation, and mono-ADP-ribosylation activities, which determine its important regulatory roles during physiological and pathological processes. This review focuses mainly on the regulatory functions of SIRT6 in aging, cancer, and, especially, immunity. Particular attention is paid to studies illustrating the critical role of SIRT6 in the regulation of immune cells from the viewpoints of immunesenescence, immunometabolism, and tumor immunology. Owing to its role in regulating the function of the immune system, SIRT6 can be considered to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Institute of Immunology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medicine and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.,Institute of Immunology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medicine and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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15
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Otsuka R, Hayano K, Matsubara H. Role of sirtuins in esophageal cancer: Current status and future prospects. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:794-807. [PMID: 35582109 PMCID: PMC9048530 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant cancer that still has a poor prognosis, although its prognosis has been improving with the development of multidisciplinary treatment modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, identifying specific molecular markers that can be served as biomarkers for the prognosis and treatment response of EC is highly desirable to aid in the personalization and improvement of the precision of medical treatment. Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent proteins consisting of seven members (SIRT1-7). These proteins have been reported to be involved in the regulation of a variety of biological functions including apoptosis, metabolism, stress response, senescence, differentiation and cell cycle progression. Given the variety of functions of sirtuins, they are speculated to be associated in some manner with cancer progression. However, while the role of sirtuins in cancer progression has been investigated over the past few years, their precise role remains difficult to characterize, as they have both cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing properties, depending on the type of cancer. These conflicting characteristics make research into the nature of sirtuins all the more fascinating. However, the role of sirtuins in EC remains unclear due to the limited number of reports concerning sirtuins in EC. We herein review the current findings and future prospects of sirtuins in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Otsuka
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koichi Hayano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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16
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Alpha Satellite RNA Levels Are Upregulated in the Blood of Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020383. [PMID: 35205427 PMCID: PMC8871578 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant overexpression of alpha satellite DNA is characteristic of many human cancers including prostate cancer; however, it is not known whether the change in the alpha satellite RNA amount occurs in the peripheral tissues of cancer patients, such as blood. Here, we analyse the level of intracellular alpha satellite RNA in the whole blood of cancer prostate patients at different stages of disease and compare it with the levels found in healthy controls. Our results reveal a significantly increased level of intracellular alpha satellite RNA in the blood of metastatic cancers patients, particularly those with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer relative to controls. In the blood of patients with localised tumour, no significant change relative to the controls was detected. Our results show a link between prostate cancer pathogenesis and blood intracellular alpha satellite RNA levels. We discuss the possible mechanism which could lead to the increased level of blood intracellular alpha satellite RNA at a specific metastatic stage of prostate cancer. Additionally, we analyse the clinically accepted prostate cancer biomarker PSA in all samples and discuss the possibility that alpha satellite RNA can serve as a novel prostate cancer diagnostic blood biomarker.
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17
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Wu X, Wang S, Zhao X, Lai S, Yuan Z, Zhan Y, Ni K, Liu Z, Liu L, Xin R, Zhou X, Yin X, Liu X, Zhang X, Cui W, Zhang C. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of SIRT6 in patients with solid tumors: a meta-analysis and TCGA data review. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:84. [PMID: 35172823 PMCID: PMC8848894 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES In addition to its role in cellular progression and cancer, SIRT6, a member of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III deacylase sirtuin family, serves a variety of roles in the body's immune system. In this study, we sought to determine the relationship between the expression of SIRT6 and the clinicopathological outcomes of patients with solid tumours by conducting a meta-analysis of the available data. METHODS The databases PubMed and ISI Web of Science were searched for relevant literature, and the results were presented here. Using Stata16.0, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of SIRT6 on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in malignancy patients. The results were published in the journal Cancer Research. The dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to investigate the prognostic significance of SIRT6 in various types of tumors. RESULTS The inclusion and exclusion criteria were met by 15 studies. In patients with solid tumours, reduced SIRT6 expression was found to be related with improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.45-0.97, P < 0.001) as well as improved disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.26-0.91, P < 0.001). Low SIRT6 expression was found to be associated with a better OS in breast cancer (HR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.27-0.89, P = 0.179), but was found to be associated with a worse OS in gastrointestinal cancer (gastric cancer and colon cancer) (HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.20-2.79, P = 0.939) after subgroup analysis. In terms of clinicopathological characteristics, SIRT6 expression was found to be linked with distant metastasis (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.59-5.57, P = 0.694). When the data from the TCGA dataset was compared to normal tissue, it was discovered that SIRT6 expression was significantly different in 11 different types of cancers. Meanwhile, reduced SIRT6 expression was shown to be associated with improved OS (P < 0.05), which was consistent with the findings of the meta-analysis. Aside from that, the expression of SIRT6 was found to be associated with both gender and clinical stage. CONCLUSION The overall data of the present meta-analysis indicated that low expression of SIRT6 may predict a favorable survival for patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xuanzhu Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Sizhen Lai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yixiang Zhan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kemin Ni
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhaoce Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Ran Xin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Yin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Wei Cui
- School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China. .,Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, 300121, China.
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18
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Raghu S, Prabhashankar AB, Shivanaiah B, Tripathi E, Sundaresan NR. Sirtuin 6 Is a Critical Epigenetic Regulator of Cancer. Subcell Biochem 2022; 100:337-360. [PMID: 36301499 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07634-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the mammalian sirtuin family with deacetylase, deacylase, and mono-ADP-ribosyl-transferase activities. It is a multitasking chromatin-associated protein regulating different cellular and physiological functions in cells. Specifically, SIRT6 dysfunction is implicated in several aging-related human diseases, including cancer. Studies indicate that SIRT6 has a tumor-specific role, and it is considered a tumor suppressor as well as a tumor growth inducer, depending on the type of cancer. In this chapter, we review the role of SIRT6 in metabolism, genomic stability, and cancer. Further, we provide an insight into the interplay of the tumor-suppressing and oncogenic roles of SIRT6 in cancer. Additionally, we discuss the use of small-molecule SIRT6 modulators as potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Raghu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arathi Bangalore Prabhashankar
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhoomika Shivanaiah
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekta Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India.
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Nagalingam Ravi Sundaresan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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19
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Role of the LRP1-pPyk2-MMP9 pathway in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021; 23:1289-1294. [PMID: 34911615 PMCID: PMC8690715 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2108125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 phosphorylation (pPyk2)-matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) pathway in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. METHODS A total of 16 neonatal rats were randomly placed in chambers containing room air (air group) or 95% medical oxygen (hyperoxia group) immediately after birth, with 8 rats in each group. All of the rats were sacrificed on day 8 of life. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. ELISA was used to measure the levels of soluble LRP1 (sLRP1) and MMP9 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of LRP1, MMP9, Pyk2, and pPyk2 in lung tissue. RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of LRP1 and MMP9 in lung tissue. RESULTS The hyperoxia group had significantly higher levels of sLRP1 and MMP9 in serum and BALF than the air group (P<0.05). Compared with the air group, the hyperoxia group had significant increases in the protein expression levels of LRP1, MMP9, and pPyk2 in lung tissue (P<0.05). The hyperoxia group had significantly higher relative mRNA expression levels of LRP1 and MMP9 in lung tissue than the air group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The activation of the LRP1-pPyk2-MMP9 pathway is enhanced in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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20
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Poltronieri P, Miwa M, Masutani M. ADP-Ribosylation as Post-Translational Modification of Proteins: Use of Inhibitors in Cancer Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10829. [PMID: 34639169 PMCID: PMC8509805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the post-translational modifications of proteins, ADP-ribosylation has been studied for over fifty years, and a large set of functions, including DNA repair, transcription, and cell signaling, have been assigned to this post-translational modification (PTM). This review presents an update on the function of a large set of enzyme writers, the readers that are recruited by the modified targets, and the erasers that reverse the modification to the original amino acid residue, removing the covalent bonds formed. In particular, the review provides details on the involvement of the enzymes performing monoADP-ribosylation/polyADP-ribosylation (MAR/PAR) cycling in cancers. Of note, there is potential for the application of the inhibitors developed for cancer also in the therapy of non-oncological diseases such as the protection against oxidative stress, the suppression of inflammatory responses, and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This field of studies is not concluded, since novel enzymes are being discovered at a rapid pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmiro Poltronieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions, National Research Council of Italy, CNR-ISPA, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Masanao Miwa
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama 526-0829, Japan;
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, CBMM, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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21
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Xiong L, Tan B, Lei X, Zhang B, Li W, Liu D, Xia T. SIRT6 through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to enhance radiosensitivity of non-Small cell lung cancer and inhibit tumor progression. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1092-1102. [PMID: 34033225 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effect and mechanism of SIRT6 on radiosensitivity and tumor progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of SIRT6 in tumor tissues, adjacent normal tissues and NSCLC cell lines of patients with advanced NSCLC before and after radiotherapy. After overexpression or interference with SIRT6 expression in NSCLC cells, the cells were routinely cultured or transfected for 48 h followed by 4 Gy radiation for 24 h. Then, check the cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and cell cycle by MTT, wound healing assay and flow cytometry, while detect the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins by Western blot. In addition, the effect of SIRT6 expression on NSCLC tumor growth was analyzed by xenograft tumor assay. SIRT6 showed a low expression in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines, while SIRT6 was significantly increased in NSCLC tissues after radiation treatment. Overexpression of SIRT6 in A549 and NCI-H23 cells inhibited cell proliferation viability, migration ability and promoted apoptosis. By comparison, after radiation treatment, NSCLC cells with high SIRT6 expression had lower ability of proliferation and migration and higher apoptosis rate. Overexpression of SIRT6 evidently down-regulated the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC cells before and after radiation. In addition, H2009 cells exhibited opposite cellular functions after interference with SIRT6 expression. In vivo experiments showed that overexpression of SIRT6 promoted the inhibitory effect of radiation on the growth of NSCLC xenograft tumors in nude mice. SIRT6 can promote the radiosensitivity of NSCLC and inhibit the development of tumor by down-regulating the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianggeng Xiong
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Binxin Tan
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiubing Lei
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Daimei Liu
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
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22
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Hussein UK, Ahmed AG, Song Y, Kim KM, Moon YJ, Ahn AR, Park HS, Ahn SJ, Park SH, Kim JR, Jang KY. CK2α/CSNK2A1 Induces Resistance to Doxorubicin through SIRT6-Mediated Activation of the DNA Damage Repair Pathway. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071770. [PMID: 34359939 PMCID: PMC8303481 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CK2α/CSNK2A1 is involved in cancer progression by phosphorylating various signaling molecules. Considering the role of CSNK2A1 in cancer progression and the phosphorylation of SIRT6 and the role of SIRT6 in chemoresistance through the DNA damage repair pathway, CSNK2A1 and SIRT6 might be involved in resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapies. We evaluated the expression of CSNK2A1 and phosphorylated SIRT6 in the 37 osteosarcoma patients and investigated the effects of CSNK2A1 and the phosphorylation of SIRT6 on Ser338 on resistance to the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin. Higher expression of CSNK2A1 and phosphorylated SIRT6 was associated with shorter survival in osteosarcoma patients. U2OS and KHOS/NP osteosarcoma cells with induced overexpression of CSNK2A1 were resistant to the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin, and the knock-down of CSNK2A1 potentiated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin. CSNK2A1 overexpression-mediated resistance to doxorubicin was associated with SIRT6 phosphorylation and the induction of the DNA damage repair pathway molecules. CSNK2A1- and SIRT6-mediated resistance to doxorubicin in vivo was attenuated via mutation of SIRT6 at the Ser338 phosphorylation site. Emodin, a CSNK2A1 inhibitor, potentiated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells. This study suggests that blocking the CSNK2A1-SIRT6-DNA damage repair pathway might be a new therapeutic stratagem for osteosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Khamis Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Gamal Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Yiping Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Ae-Ri Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Su Jin Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.P.); (J.R.K.); (K.Y.J.)
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-H.P.); (J.R.K.); (K.Y.J.)
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (U.K.H.); (A.G.A.); (K.M.K.); (A.-R.A.); (H.S.P.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-H.P.); (J.R.K.); (K.Y.J.)
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23
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Liu G, Chen H, Liu H, Zhang W, Zhou J. Emerging roles of SIRT6 in human diseases and its modulators. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:1089-1137. [PMID: 33325563 PMCID: PMC7906922 DOI: 10.1002/med.21753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6; e.g., deacetylation, defatty-acylation, and mono-ADP-ribosylation) play a pivotal role in regulating lifespan and several fundamental processes controlling aging such as DNA repair, gene expression, and telomeric maintenance. Over the past decades, the aberration of SIRT6 has been extensively observed in diverse life-threatening human diseases. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the critical roles of SIRT6 in the onset and progression of human diseases including cancer, inflammation, diabetes, steatohepatitis, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, viral infections, renal and corneal injuries, as well as the elucidation of the related signaling pathways. Moreover, we discuss the advances in the development of small molecule SIRT6 modulators including activators and inhibitors as well as their pharmacological profiles toward potential therapeutics for SIRT6-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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24
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An J, Yang J, Yao Y, Lu K, Zhao Z, Yu M, Zhu Y. Sirtuin 6 regulates the proliferation and survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells via B-cell lymphoma 2. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 33732369 PMCID: PMC7905630 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the third family of longevity proteins (SIRTs) that is involved in the development of different types of cancer. However, the potential role of SIRT6 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its molecular mechanism have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between SIRT6 and ccRCC, and to further examine the underlying mechanism of its effect on ccRCC proliferation, using bioinformatics analysis, and in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results of the present study demonstrated that SIRT6 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues. In addition, bioinformatics analysis revealed that high SIRT6 expression was closely associated with poor prognosis of patients with ccRCC. In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing SIRT6 expression in ccRCC-derived 769-P and 786-O cells significantly inhibited their proliferation, migration and invasion. Consistent with these results, in vivo assays demonstrated that SIRT6 knockdown markedly attenuated tumor growth arising from 769-P cells. Furthermore, depletion of SIRT6 enhanced the sensitivity of ccRCC cells to cisplatin. Notably, silencing SIRT6 expression decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression and increased Bax expression, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that SIRT6 acts as a proto-oncogene in ccRCC through the augmentation of the Bcl-2-dependent pro-survival pathway, and may be used as a therapeutic target for patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun An
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jieping Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, P.R. China
| | - Kaining Lu
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Mudanjiang Forestry Center Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal Research, Department of Laboratory Animal Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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25
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Matsuno H, Tsuchimine S, Fukuzato N, O'Hashi K, Kunugi H, Sohya K. Sirtuin 6 is a regulator of dendrite morphogenesis in rat hippocampal neurons. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:104959. [PMID: 33444676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a member of the Sirtuin family, acts as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein deacetylase, mono-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, and fatty acid deacylase, and plays critical roles in inflammation, aging, glycolysis, and DNA repair. Accumulating evidence has suggested that SIRT6 is involved in brain functions such as neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis, and learning and memory. However, the precise molecular roles of SIRT6 during neuronal circuit formation are not yet well understood. In this study, we tried to elucidate molecular roles of SIRT6 on neurite development by using primary-cultured hippocampal neurons. We observed that SIRT6 was abundantly localized in the nucleus, and its expression was markedly increased during neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis. By using shRNA-mediated SIRT6-knockdown, we show that both dendritic length and the number of dendrite branches were significantly reduced in the SIRT6-knockdown neurons. Microarray and subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed that reducing SIRT6 caused the downregulation of immediate early genes (IEGs) and alteration of several biological processes including MAPK (ERK1/2) signaling. We found that nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was significantly reduced in SIRT6-knockdown neurons. Overexpression of SIRT6 promoted dendritic length and branching, but the mutants lacking deacetylase activity had no significant effect on the dendritic morphology. Collectively, the presented findings reveal a role of SIRT6 in dendrite morphogenesis, and suggest that SIRT6 may act as an important regulator of ERK1/2 signaling pathway that mediates IEG expression, which leads to dendritic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Matsuno
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Shoko Tsuchimine
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Noriko Fukuzato
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kazunori O'Hashi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sohya
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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26
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Chen F, Ma X, Liu Y, Ma D, Gao X, Qian X. SIRT6 inhibits metastasis by suppressing SNAIL expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:63-74. [PMID: 33532024 PMCID: PMC7847487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head and neck cancer with severe local invasion and early distant metastasis. SIRT6 serves as a critical modulator of the development and metastasis of multiple types of cancer; however, the roles and underlying mechanisms of SIRT6 in regulating NPC metastasis remain largely unknown. Here, the expression of SIRT6 in high metastatic 5-8F cells and low metastatic 6-10B cells was analyzed. SIRT6 expression was found to be negatively associated with the metastatic capability of NPC cells. Moreover, we identified that SIRT6 inhibited NPC cell metastasis through suppression of SNAIL expression. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SIRT6 interacted with transcription factor p65 (NF-kB subunit) and deacetylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and lysine 56 (H3K56) at the promoter of SNAIL, leading to reduced transcription of SNAIL. In summary, SIRT6 functions as a metastasis suppressor in NPC cells through epigenetic regulation of SNAIL gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityChina
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengbin Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityChina
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)China
- Research Institution of OtorhinolaryngologyNanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Zhang Z, Ha SH, Moon YJ, Hussein UK, Song Y, Kim KM, Park SH, Park HS, Park BH, Ahn AR, Lee SA, Ahn SJ, Kim JR, Jang KY. Inhibition of SIRT6 potentiates the anti-tumor effect of doxorubicin through suppression of the DNA damage repair pathway in osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:247. [PMID: 33198792 PMCID: PMC7670730 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background SIRT6 has diverse roles in cells, and the role of SIRT6 in tumorigenesis is controversial. Considering the role of SIRT6 as an inducer of DNA damage repair, it might be involved in resistance to anti-cancer therapy. Methods We evaluated the prognostic significance of SIRT6 in 37 osteosarcomas and investigated the therapeutic efficacy of SIRT6 on the anticancer effects of doxorubicin, olaparib, and ATM inhibitor. Results Immunohistochemical expression of SIRT6 was significantly associated with shorter overall survival and relapse-free survival of osteosarcoma patients, especially in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. In U2OS and KHOS/NP osteosarcoma cells, knock-down of SIRT6 significantly potentiated apoptotic effects of doxorubicin and SIRT6 overexpression induced resistance to doxorubicin. Moreover, SIRT6 induced the DNA damage repair pathway and SIRT6-mediated resistance to doxorubicin was attenuated by blocking the DNA damage repair pathway with olaparib and ATM inhibitor. Conclusions This study suggests that suppression of SIRT6 in combination with doxorubicin might be an effective modality in the treatment of osteosarcoma patients, especially for osteosarcomas with shorter survival with high expression of SIRT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ha
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Usama Khamis Hussein
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Yiping Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae-Ri Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-A Lee
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Liu Y, Feng Y, Wang X, Yang X, Hu Y, Li Y, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Shi K, Ran C, Hou J, Jiang L, Li J, Wang X. SPARC Negatively Correlates With Prognosis After Transarterial Chemoembolization and Facilitates Proliferation and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via ERK/MMP Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2020; 10:813. [PMID: 32670867 PMCID: PMC7326074 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) represents a widely accepted treatment procedure for intermediate stage or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few studies have evaluated serologic prognosis factors in patients with HCC before TACE. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein affecting tumorigenesis and metastasis, and leading to poor prognosis in HCC. Therefore, to further explore the potential prognosis value of SPARC, the expression levels in the plasma of patients and its potential molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of HCC were investigated in this study. Materials and Methods: The study population included 43 patients with HCC who underwent TACE. To evaluate the expression of SPARC in different grades of pathological tissues, the immunohistochemistry was performed on tissues from 89 patients with HCC. Lentiviral vectors carrying interference sequences, as well as vectors harboring the complete open reading frame of SPARC for the knockdown or overexpression of SPARC in HuH-7 or HepG2 cells, respectively, allowed us to determine the biological functions of SPARC in vitro and in vivo. We also evaluated the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and matrix metalloproteinases 2/9 (MMP2/9) activation. Results: The association between serum levels of SPARC and the survival at different TNM and Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages in patients with HCC undergoing TACE were evaluated. We observed a significant upregulation of SPARC in high grade HCC tissues, predicting unfavorable prognosis, and suggesting an important tumor-promoting effect of SPARC. Functional studies indicated that downregulation of SPARC contributed to the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis of HuH-7 cells in vitro, whereas its overexpression led to opposite phenotypes. Mechanistically, decreased expression of SPARC resulted in dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 and deactivation of MMP2/9, thereby inhibiting growth and metastasis of HCC. Importantly, low expression levels of SPARC inhibited the formation of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Conclusions: SPARC was found to facilitate proliferation and metastasis of HCC via modulation of the ERK1/2-MMP2/9 signaling pathways. Our research has provided a glimpse on the biological mechanism of SPARC and might contribute to the eventual treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chongping Ran
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfa Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbo Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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29
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Sirtuins' Deregulation in Bladder Cancer: SIRT7 Is Implicated in Tumor Progression through Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Promotion. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051066. [PMID: 32344886 PMCID: PMC7281198 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are emerging players in cancer biology and other age-related disorders, and their putative role in bladder cancer (BlCa) remains elusive. Further understanding of disease biology may allow for generation of more effective pathway-based biomarkers and targeted therapies. Herein, we aimed to illuminate the role of sirtuins’ family in BlCa and evaluate their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. SIRT1-7 transcripts and protein levels were evaluated in a series of primary BlCa and normal bladder mucosa tissues. SIRT7 knockdown was performed through lentiviral transduction in MGHU3, 5637 and J82 cells and its functional role was assessed. SIRT1, 2, 4 and 5 expression levels were significantly lower in BlCa, whereas SIRT6 and 7 were overexpressed, and these results were corroborated by TCGA cohort analysis. SIRT7 transcript levels were significantly decreased in muscle-invasive vs. papillary BlCa. In vitro studies showed that SIRT7 downregulation promoted cells migration and invasion. Accordingly, increased EMT markers expression and decreased E-Cadherin (CDH1) was observed in those BlCa cells. Moreover, increased EZH2 expression and H3K27me3 deposition in E-Cadherin promoter was found in sh-SIRT7 cells. We demonstrated that sirtuins are globally deregulated in BlCa, and specifically SIRT7 downregulation is implicated in EMT, fostering BlCa invasiveness through EZH2-CDH1 axis.
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30
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Liu F, Shang YX. Sirtuin 6 attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition by suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway and c-Jun in asthma models. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106333. [PMID: 32143002 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease involving airway remodeling. The histone deacetylase sirtuin6 (SIRT6) has protective effects in cardiac and liver fibrosis; however, its role in airway remodeling is unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of SIRT6 in a rat model of airway remodeling and observed its effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce airway remodeling or with phosphate-buffered saline as a control for different periods. Morphological changes, cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and SIRT6 expression were assessed. 16HBE cells were transfected with plasmids to silence or overexpress SIRT6. Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Transwell assays, and cell proliferation assays were performed to examine the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced changes in EMT indicators and EMT-related cell behaviors. SIRT6 expression was upregulated in bronchial epithelial cells from rats with airway remodeling and in TGF-β1-treated 16HBE cells. SIRT6 overexpression affected TGF-β1-induced changes in EMT markers and EMT-like cell behaviors. In particular, SIRT6 overexpression alleviated the reduction in E-cadherin and the increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and metalloproteinase-9 levels in TGF-β1-treated 16HBE cells. Forced expression of SIRT6 also decreased the rates of cell migration and proliferation, reduced activation of phosphorylated Smad3 induced by TGF-β1 treatment, suppressed the acetylation level at histone H3K9, and inhibited the transcriptional activity of the c-Jun promotor. These results suggested that SIRT6 expression is upregulated during airway remodeling and modulates EMT in bronchial epithelial cells targeting Smad3 and c-Jun, highlighting a new therapeutic candidate for improving airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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31
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Tan Y, Li B, Peng F, Gong G, Li N. Integrative Analysis of Sirtuins and Their Prognostic Significance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:218. [PMID: 32158696 PMCID: PMC7052292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, class III histone deacetylases, are involved in multiple biological processes in cancer initiation and progression. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of sirtuins in cancers have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we first evaluated the expression and prognostic values of sirtuins in multiple cancer cohorts using publicly available TCGA pan-cancer datasets. Pan-cancer survival analysis indicated that 6 out of 7 sirtuin family members were significant associated with prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients. SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 were associated with favorable prognosis of KIRC patients, while SIRT6 and SIRT7 were associated with unfavorable prognosis. The expression levels of SIRT4 and SIRT5 in KIRC tissues were lower than that in normal tissues, while SIRT6 and SIRT7 were higher in KIRC tissues. The expression levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT5, SIRT6, and SIRT7 were significantly correlated with tumor stage and histological grade. DNA methylation may contribute to the dysregulation of sirtuins. Finally, GSEA was conducted to predict the potential functions of sirtuins in KIRC. Our results may provide novel insights for the development of sirtuins-based cancer therapy in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bijuan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Cheng Y, He C, Wang M, Ma X, Mo F, Yang S, Han J, Wei X. Targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer therapy: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:62. [PMID: 31871779 PMCID: PMC6915746 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 541] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic dysregulation is often linked to human disease, notably cancer. With the development of various drugs targeting epigenetic regulators, epigenetic-targeted therapy has been applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies and has exhibited viable therapeutic potential for solid tumors in preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the aberrant functions of enzymes in DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation during tumor progression and highlight the development of inhibitors of or drugs targeted at epigenetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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The Roles of Sirtuin Family Proteins in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121949. [PMID: 31817470 PMCID: PMC6966446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin family members are characterized by either mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase or deacylase activity and are linked to various cancer-related biological pathways as regulators of transcriptional progression. Sirtuins play fundamental roles in carcinogenesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotype, mainly participating in cancer cell viability, apoptosis, metastasis, and tumorigenesis. Although sirtuin family members have a high degree of homology, they may play different roles in various kinds of cancer. This review highlights their fundamental roles in tumorigenesis and cancer development and provides a critical discussion of their dual roles in cancer, namely, as tumor promoters or tumor suppressors.
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The roles of TG-interacting factor in cadmium exposure-promoted invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chang AR, Ferrer CM, Mostoslavsky R. SIRT6, a Mammalian Deacylase with Multitasking Abilities. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:145-169. [PMID: 31437090 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian sirtuins have emerged in recent years as critical modulators of multiple biological processes, regulating cellular metabolism, DNA repair, gene expression, and mitochondrial biology. As such, they evolved to play key roles in organismal homeostasis, and defects in these proteins have been linked to a plethora of diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and aging. In this review, we describe the multiple roles of SIRT6, a chromatin deacylase with unique and important functions in maintaining cellular homeostasis. We attempt to provide a framework for such different functions, for the ability of SIRT6 to interconnect chromatin dynamics with metabolism and DNA repair, and the open questions the field will face in the future, particularly in the context of putative therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Chang
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christina M Ferrer
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Raul Mostoslavsky
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Yang C, Yu H, Chen R, Tao K, Jian L, Peng M, Li X, Liu M, Liu S. CXCL1 stimulates migration and invasion in ER‑negative breast cancer cells via activation of the ERK/MMP2/9 signaling axis. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:684-696. [PMID: 31322183 PMCID: PMC6685590 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C‑X‑C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), a member of the CXC chemokine family, has been reported to be a critical factor in inflammatory diseases and tumor progression; however, its functions and molecular mechanisms in estrogen receptor α (ER)‑negative breast cancer (BC) remain largely unknown. The present study demonstrated that CXCL1 was upregulated in ER‑negative BC tissues and cell lines compared with ER‑positive tissues and cell lines. Treatment with recombinant human CXCL1 protein promoted ER‑negative BC cell migration and invasion in a dose‑dependent manner, and stimulated the activation of phosphorylated (p)‑ extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, but not p‑STAT3 or p‑AKT. Conversely, knockdown of CXCL1 in BC cells attenuated these effects. Additionally, CXCL1 increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2/9 via the ERK1/2 pathway. Inhibition of MEK1/2 by its antagonist U0126 reversed the effects of CXCL1 on MMP2/9 expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a strong positive association between CXCL1 and p‑ERK1/2 expression levels in BC tissues. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CXCL1 is highly expressed in ER‑negative BC, and stimulates BC cell migration and invasion via the ERK/MMP2/9 pathway. Therefore, CXCL1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in ER‑negative BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of the Second of Gynecology Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jian
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Meixi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Manran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Sociali G, Liessi N, Grozio A, Caffa I, Parenti MD, Ravera S, Tasso B, Benzi A, Nencioni A, Del Rio A, Robina I, Millo E, Bruzzone S. Differential modulation of SIRT6 deacetylase and deacylase activities by lysine-based small molecules. Mol Divers 2019; 24:655-671. [PMID: 31240519 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase regulating important functions: modulators of its enzymatic activity have been considered as possible therapeutic agents. Besides the deacetylase activity, SIRT6 also has NAD+-dependent deacylase activity, whereby it regulates the secretion of cytokines and proteins. We identified novel SIRT6 modulators with a lysine-based structure: compound 1 enhances SIRT6 deacylase while inhibiting the deacetylase activity. As expected based on the biological effects of SIRT6 deacetylase activity, compound 1 increased histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation and the activity of glycolytic enzymes. Moreover, the fact that compound 1 enhanced SIRT6 deacylase activity was accompanied by an increased TNF-α release. In conclusion, new SIRT6 modulators with a lysine-like structure were identified, with differential effects on specific SIRT6 activities. The novel SIRT6 modulator concomitantly inhibits deacetylase and enhances deacylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Sociali
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nara Liessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Grozio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Irene Caffa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Daniele Parenti
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy, University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bruno Tasso
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Benzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy.,Innovamol Srls, Viale A. Corassori 24, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Inmaculada Robina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrico Millo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, V.le Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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Zhang C, Yu Y, Huang Q, Tang K. SIRT6 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1575-1582. [PMID: 31257493 PMCID: PMC6625461 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, and exhibits a high mortality rate. Sirtuin (SIRT)6 is a member of the sirtuin family, which may be useful targets in the treatment of tumors. The present study aimed to explore the expression of SIRT6 in numerous HCC cell lines and investigate the role of SIRT6 in the proliferation and apoptosis of the HCC cells, and the underlying mechanisms. Overexpression and silencing of SIRT6 were performed by transfection of Huh‑7 cells with synthetic overexpression and small interfering RNA (siRNA) plasmids. Cell proliferation was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The apoptosis rate was measured via flow cytometry. Cloning efficiency was assessed using plate clone formation assays. The expression of mRNAs and proteins were determined via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. SIRT6 was overexpressed in Hep3B, Huh‑7, MHCC‑97H, MHCC‑97L, MHCC‑LM6, MHCC‑LM3, YY‑8103 and SK‑hep‑1 cell lines, compared with MIHA and HL‑7702 normal liver cell lines. Overexpression of SIRT6 increased the proliferation of Huh‑7 cells, upregulated the expression of Bcl‑2 and phosphorylation of extracellular‑signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), and decreased the expression of cleaved‑caspase‑3 and Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax) in Huh‑7 cells. siRNA‑mediated silencing of SIRT6 decreased the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of Huh‑7 cells, downregulated the expression of Bcl‑2 and phosphorylated‑ERK, and promoted the expression of cleaved‑caspase‑3 and Bax. The proliferation of Huh‑7 cells was decreased using the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126. The results suggested that SIRT6 affected the proliferation and apoptosis of HCC cells via the regulation of the ERK1/2 pathway, altering the activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. SIRT6 may be a potential target for the treatment of HCC; however, its role requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuisheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Qingxian Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Wu X, Tian H, Xue L, Wang L. SIRT6 abrogation promotes adrenocortical carcinoma through activation of NF-κB signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 458:1-10. [PMID: 30989475 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As an uncommon malignancy in the adrenal gland, adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is characterized by thorny diagnosis and poor clinical outcome, necessitating innovative treatment strategies. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a tumor suppressor, modulates aerobic glycolysis of malignant cells and has an impact on tumorigenesis. This study focused on investigating SIRT6 expression in ACC and how it generates cancer phenotypes. SIRT6 expression was inhibited in ACC tissues according to western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. MTT assay, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the contribution of SIRT6 to cell invasion, proliferation, death, and migration. It was shown that SIRT6 knockdown promoted cell invasion, proliferation, and migration, and inhibited cell death. Moreover, it was found that SIRT6 knockdown upregulated TLR4 and reinforced phosphorylation of the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) subunit p65 as well as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase. Additionally, SIRT6 knockdown significantly enhanced expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide as well as transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1. It also reinforced reactive oxygen species generation. Overall, our research findings demonstrate that SIRT6 serves as a tumor suppressor via regulation of the NF-κB pathway, which could offer an innovative strategy to treat ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Long Xue
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610043, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Department of Eugenics, Women and Children's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610043, China
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Yu W, Yang Z, Huang R, Min Z, Ye M. SIRT6 promotes the Warburg effect of papillary thyroid cancer cell BCPAP through reactive oxygen species. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2861-2868. [PMID: 31114231 PMCID: PMC6489652 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s194256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our previous study demonstrated that SIRT6 is upregulated in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and enhances tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we further researched its influence in the Warburg effect. Methods: SIRT6-upregulated and downregulated BCPAP cells and negative control BCPAP-NC groups were generated with lentiviral vectors. In these two cell lines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Expression of the key Warburg effect genes including GLUT1, HK2, GAPDH, PGK1, ENO1, PKM2 and LDHA was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. Glucose uptake, lactate production and the ATP content of cells were detected with assay kits. The ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine was used for treatment of BCPAP-SIRT6, and the same measurements as described above were detected again. Results: Compared with the BCPAP-NC group, expression of the key Warburg effect genes including Glut1, HK2 and GAPDH and their protein products was upregulated in the BCPAP-SIRT6 group, whereas BCPAP-shSIRT6 showed significant downregulation. Meanwhile, ROS, glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP content of the BCPAP-SIRT6 group were also significantly increased, and BCPAP-shSIRT6 showed significant downregulation. Furthermore, upregulation of key Warburg effect genes and glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP content were all rescued after treatment with ROS scavenger. Conclusion: SIRT6 promoted the Warburg effect of PTC cells via upregulation of ROS. Inhibition of ROS in SIRT6-upregulated cells could rescue activation of the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Min
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
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Liu Z, Jiang L, Li Y, Xie B, Xie J, Wang Z, Zhou X, Jiang H, Fang Y, Pan H, Han W. Cyclosporine A sensitizes lung cancer cells to crizotinib through inhibition of the Ca2 +/calcineurin/Erk pathway. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:326-339. [PMID: 30879923 PMCID: PMC6491942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Crizotinib has potent anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced MET-amplified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the therapeutic effect is still not satisfying. Thus, developing approaches that improve the efficacy of crizotinib remains a significant challenge. Methods MET-amplified NSCLC cell lines were treated with crizotinib and cyclosporine A (CsA). Cell viability was determined by MTS assay. The changes of apoptosis, cell cycle and calcineurin-Erk pathways were assessed by western blot. Xenograft mouse model, primary human NSCLC cells and hollow fiber assays were utilized to confirm the effects of CsA. Findings We demonstrated that CsA significantly increased the anti-tumor effect of crizotinib on multiple MET-amplified NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, crizotinib treatment led to the activation of Ca2+-calcineurin (CaN)-Kinase suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) signaling, resulting in Erk1/2 activation and enhanced survival of cancer cells. CsA effectively blocked CaN-KSR2-Erk1/2 signaling, promoting crizotinib-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest. Similarly, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of Erk1/2 also enhanced crizotinib-induced growth inhibition in vitro. Xenograft studies further confirmed that CsA or Erk1/2 inhibitor PD98059 enhanced the anti-cancer activity of crizotinib through inhibition of CaN-Erk1/2 axis. The results were also validated by primary human NSCLC cells in vitro and hollow fiber assays in vivo. Interpretation This study provides preclinical evidences that combination therapy of CsA and crizotinib is a promising approach for targeted treatment of MET-amplified lung cancer patients. Fund This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Key Projects of Natural Foundation of Zhejiang Province, the Ten thousand plan youth talent support program of Zhejiang Province, the Zhejiang Natural Sciences Foundation Grant, and the Zhejiang medical innovative discipline construction project-2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanggui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiasha Branch of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanliang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
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Carafa V, Altucci L, Nebbioso A. Dual Tumor Suppressor and Tumor Promoter Action of Sirtuins in Determining Malignant Phenotype. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:38. [PMID: 30761005 PMCID: PMC6363704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs), class III histone deacetylases, are differentially expressed in several human cancers, where they display both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties depending on cellular context and experimental conditions. SIRTs are involved in many important biological processes and play a critical role in cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. A growing body of evidence indicates the involvement of SIRTs in regulating three important tumor processes: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. Many SIRTs are responsible for cellular metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance by inactivating cell death pathways and promoting uncontrolled proliferation. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of SIRTs in cancer and discuss their puzzling dual function as tumor suppressors and tumor promoters, important for the future development of novel tailored SIRT-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Carafa
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Yang Z, Yu W, Huang R, Ye M, Min Z. SIRT6/HIF-1α axis promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:17. [PMID: 30675128 PMCID: PMC6335740 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous study, we demonstrated that Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is upregulated and associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression (Qu et al. in Int J Oncol 50(5):1683-92, 2017). This study examined whether SIRT6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of papillary thyroid cancer through hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). METHODS SIRT6-upregulated TPC-1 and B-CPAP cells were generated by lentivirus. Western blotting, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence was performed to detect the following EMT associated markers: E-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and TWIST. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8, and cell invasion and migration were detected by transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. HIF-1α expression was further detected by western blotting in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. A HIF-1α inhibitor was then used to block HIF-1α expression in SIRT6-upregulated PTC cells. The same parameters were then assessed and compared with control HIF-1α cells. RESULTS E-cadherin was significantly decreased, whereas Vimentin, Snail, and TWIST were increased in SIRT6-upregulated PTC cells. Additionally, SIRT6 promoted the invasion and migration of PTC cells. We found that SIRT6 enhanced HIF-1α stability and synthesis and prolonged the protein half-life. The changes in the EMT associated markers and in the invasion and migration ability were rescued after inhibition of HIF-1α expression. Furthermore, we found that SIRT6 increased PTC resistance to HIF-1α inhibitor-mediated proliferation changes. CONCLUSION These results confirm that the SIRT6/HIF-1α axis promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by inducing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Weiping Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Zhijun Min
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
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Li Z, Huang J, Shen S, Ding Z, Luo Q, Chen Z, Lu S. SIRT6 drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer via snail-dependent transrepression of KLF4. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:323. [PMID: 30577808 PMCID: PMC6303940 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the invasion and metastasis of epithelial tumors. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), an NAD-dependent deacetylase, is known to promote metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS In this work, we determined the role of SIRT6 in the EMT of NSCLC cells and identified the key EMT-related genes involved in the oncogenic activity of SIRT6. RESULTS We report that depletion of SIRT6 inhibits transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT in A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells, which is rescued by ectopic expression of SIRT6. Knockdown of SIRT6 leads to a reduction in Snail protein without affecting the mRNA level. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate a physical association between SIRT6 and Snail. SIRT6 deacetylates Snail and prevents its proteasomal degradation. Silencing of Snail blunts SIRT6-induced NSCLC cell migration and invasion, while overexpression of Snail restores the invasion and EMT in SIRT6-depleted NSCLC cells. SIRT6 depletion leads to an upregulation of kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and reduced Snail binding to the promoter of Klf4 in NSCLC cells. Knockdown of KLF4 rescues the invasive capacity in SIRT6-depleted NSCLC cells. Conversely, co-expression of KLF4 impairs SIRT6-induced aggressive behavior. In vivo data further demonstrate that SIRT6-induced NSCLC metastasis is antagonized by overexpression of KLF4. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide mechanistic insights into the pro-metastatic activity of SIRT6 and highlight the role of the SIRT6/Snail/KLF4 axis in regulating EMT and invasion of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Li
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengping Shen
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenping Ding
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingquan Luo
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shun Lu
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Bae JS, Noh SJ, Kim KM, Park SH, Hussein UK, Park HS, Park BH, Ha SH, Lee H, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Cho DH, Jang KY. SIRT6 Is Involved in the Progression of Ovarian Carcinomas via β-Catenin-Mediated Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2018; 8:538. [PMID: 30524965 PMCID: PMC6256124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT6 is involved in various cellular signaling pathways including those involved in tumorigenesis in association with β-catenin. However, the role of SIRT6 in tumorigenesis has been controversially reported and the studies on the role of SIRT6 in ovarian cancers is limited. In this study, we evaluated the expression and roles of SIRT6 in conjunction with the expression of active β-catenin in 104 human ovarian carcinomas and ovarian cancer cells. In human ovarian carcinomas, the expressions of SIRT6 and active β-catenin were associated with higher tumor stage, higher histologic grade, and platinum-resistance. Moreover, nuclear expression of SIRT6 (104 ovarian carcinomas; P = 0.010, 63 high-grade serous carcinomas; P = 0.040), and activated β-catenin (104 ovarian carcinomas; P = 0.013, 63 high-grade serous carcinomas; P = 0.005) were independent indicators of shorter overall survival of ovarian carcinoma patients in multivariate analysis. In OVCAR3 and OVCAR5 ovarian cancer cells, knock-down of SIRT6 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of cells, but did not inhibit the proliferation of cells. SIRT6-mediated invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells was associated with the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related signaling molecules such as snail, vimentin, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and activated β-catenin. Especially, SIRT6-mediated increase of invasiveness and activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition signaling was attenuated by knock-down of β-catenin. In conclusion, this study suggests that SIRT6-β-catenin signaling is involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells, and the expression of SIRT6 and active β-catenin might be used as indicators of poor prognosis of ovarian carcinoma patients. In addition, our results suggest that SIRT6-β-catenin signaling might be a new therapeutic target of ovarian carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sang Jae Noh
- Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Usama Khamis Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ha
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Myoung Ja Chung
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Woo Sung Moon
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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Gao Y, Qu Y, Zhou Q, Ma Y. SIRT6 inhibits proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma cells by targeting N-cadherin. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1237-1244. [PMID: 30655890 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT6, is a member of the NAD-dependent sirtuin family of enzymes, and has been reported as a novel tumor suppressor gene or oncogene, dependent on the type of cancer. However, the role of SIRT6 in osteosarcoma has not been investigated. The present study demonstrated that the expression of SIRT6 was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines when compared with adjacent tissues or osteoblastic cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of SIRT6. The overall survival of patients with higher expression of SIRT6 was significantly longer than patients with lower expression. Subsequently, MTT and invasion assays were performed to detect the biological functions of SIRT6 in osteosarcoma cells in vitro. The results revealed that overexpression of SIRT6 inhibited SAOS-2 and MG-63 cell proliferation and invasion. Knockdown of SIRT6 enhanced cell ability for the proliferation and invasion. A qChIP assay, luciferase reporter assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting confirmed that CDH2 (N-cadherin) was a target of SIRT6. SIRT6 overexpression suppressed N-cadherin on the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, it was confirmed that the promotional effect of Si-SIRT6 on OS cell growth and invasion was suppressed by downregulating N-cadherin. The present study suggested that SIRT6 may serve as a tumor suppressor during the development of osteosarcoma. In addition, N-cadherin may be a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yuxing Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Ye H, Duan M. Downregulation of FOXO6 in breast cancer promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and facilitates migration and proliferation of cancer cells. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5145-5156. [PMID: 30464613 PMCID: PMC6215919 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Increasing evidence indicates that members of forkhead transcription factor family (FOXO) play key roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis in multiple cancers, including prostate cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of FOXO6 was not yet known. The aim of our work is to investigate the function of FOXO6 in breast cancer. Methods In the present study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analyses were used to detect the expression of FOXO6 in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Results The results revealed that FOXO6 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, compared with adjacent normal tissues and MCF-10A cells, respectively. Moreover, the expression of FOXO6 was associated with the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) indicator proteins, such as E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Additionally, our findings suggested that FOXO6 expression was negatively associated with tumor size (p=0.002), pathological grade (p=0.018) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.003). Sirt6 has been found to promote cell proliferation and metastasis in several cancers, and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays indicated FOXO6 transcriptionally regulated Sirt6 expression. Furthermore, various functional experiments, including wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay, colony formation assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, revealed that FOXO6 suppressed cell migration, invasion, and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Conclusion In conclusion, FOXO6 serves as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, and suppresses EMT through regulation of Sirt6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- Department of Galactophore, Linyi Central Hospital of Shandong, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Duan
- Department of Respiratory One, Linyi Central Hospital of Shandong, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
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Gong J, Wang H, Lou W, Wang G, Tao H, Wen H, Liu Y, Xie Q. Associations of sirtuins with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3341-3356. [PMID: 30237737 PMCID: PMC6138963 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s166946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and it is critical to discover specific biomarkers to provide better individualized treatment and subsequently better prognosis. The sirtuins (SIRT1-7) have been reported to be involved in cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NCSLC), however, the results are not consistent and not all the seven sirtuins are explored and compared. METHODS TCGA data was downloaded and used to investigate and compare the associations of sirtuins mRNA levels with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in NSCLC. RESULTS Our results suggested SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT7 were highly expressed in adeno-carcinoma (ADC) patients and female patients while SIRT5 were highly expressed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients and male patients. Associations of high SIRT7 with younger onset age, high SIRT1 with distant metastasis and low T stage, and high SIRT4 with high T stage and TNM stage were also found. Kaplan-Meier plot curves and univariate Cox proportional regression analyses indicated that high SIRT2, SIRT4, and SIRT6 expressions were associated with longer overall survival (OS) time. Multivariate analyses indicated that SIRT2 and SIRT6 were still associated with OS. For recurrence-free survival (RFS), high SIRT1 expression was significantly associated with shorter RFS time while high SIRT2-3 and SIRT5-7 expressions were associated with longer RFS time in univariate analyses. After adjusting the confounding factors, significant associations were still found in SIRT1-2 and SIRT5-7 but not in SIRT3. We also stratified the patients by combining SIRT1 and SIRT2 and revealed that the combination of SIRT1 and SIRT2 was a better prediction model for RFS in NSCLC. To preliminarily understand the potential mechanisms of sirtuins in NSCLC carcinogenesis, the genes co-expressed with sirtuins were analyzed and annotated. CONCLUSION sirtuins might be the potential therapy targets and prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenwen Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guiye Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hongqun Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Huaikai Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qipeng Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China,
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Tian J, Yuan L. Sirtuin 6 inhibits colon cancer progression by modulating PTEN/AKT signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:109-116. [PMID: 29957460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased expression of the tumor suppressor sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) protein plays a role in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SIRT6 and its underlying mechanism in colon cancer progression. As shown by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), SIRT6 expression was down-regulated in colon cancer tissues and different colon cancer cell lines, and down-regulation of SIRT6 showed a negative correlation with the overall survival of colon cancer patients. To assess the effects of SIRT6 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, transwell, and wound healing assays were carried out, respectively. Results demonstrated that over-expression of SIRT6 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and enhanced cell apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and Western blotting showed that up-regulation of SIRT6 increased the combined quantity of PTEN with SIRT6 proteins, and promoted the expression of PTEN and PIP2, as well as the stability of PTEN. SIRT6 also reduced the ubiquitination of PTEN and decreased protein levels of AKT1, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), mTOR, cyclin d1, and c-myc. In addition, compared with cells over-expressed SIRT6, cell apoptosis was repressed and cell proliferation and tumorigenesis were enhanced in cells with SIRT6 over-expression and PTEN knockdown. In conclusion, the present study confirms that SIRT6 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in colon cancer by modulating PTEN/AKT signaling, which may provide a novel target for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Tian
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Leilei Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China. 13905370037.@163.com
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50
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Zhang H, Feng QQ, Gong JH, Ma JP. Anticancer effects of isofraxidin against A549 human lung cancer cells via the EGFR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:407-414. [PMID: 29750303 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality due to tumor malignancy worldwide. In recent years, the treatment of lung cancer with chemotherapy has demonstrated notable resistance and insensitivity. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate anti‑lung cancer drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity. In the present study, the effects of isofraxidin on lung cancer cells and the associated mechanisms were investigated. The results revealed that, in vivo and in vitro, isofraxidin exhibited marked inhibitory effects on the A549 lung cancer cell line. The results of Cell Counting kit‑8, Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays, and flow cytometry to determine apoptosis, revealed that isofraxidin significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells, and induced the cell apoptosis. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that isofraxidin treatment led to effects on the expression of apoptosis‑associated proteins, including members of the Bcl‑2 protein family, and invasion‑associated proteins, including matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9, which may occur via inhibition of the expression of phosphorylated (p)‑epidermal growth factor receptor, p‑AKT and p‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase. This regulation of protein expression may contribute to the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of A549lung cancer cells by isofraxidin. In addition, despite the inhibitory effects on the A549 lung cancer cell line, the present study revealed that isofraxidin exhibited low toxicity towards BEAS‑2B normal lung epithelial cells within a certain dose range (0‑160 µM), indicating that isofraxidin may be employed for lung cancer treatment with hypotoxicity and fewer side effects. In conclusion, isofraxidin may be a novel candidate for anti‑lung cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Breath Internal Medicine Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jingzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Feng
- Breath Internal Medicine Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jingzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Gong
- Breath Internal Medicine Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jingzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Ping Ma
- Breath Internal Medicine Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jingzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, P.R. China
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