1
|
Fararjeh AS, Kaddumi E, Al Khader A, Aloliqi AA. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of EFEMP1 in Breast Cancer: An Immunohistochemistry Study. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:1057-1066. [PMID: 36259327 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221126122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1) has been associated to a variety of malignancies. Because EFEMP1 can act as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, this study aimed to evaluate the expression of EFEMP1 at mRNA and protein in breast cancer and to ascertain the diagnostic and prognostic value of EFEMP1 in relation to clinical features of breast cancer. Several bioinformatics websites such as GEPIA and Oncomine databases were used to analyze the mRNA level of EFEMP1. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect EFEMP1 immunoexpression using tissue microarray (TMA) and clinical breast cancer samples. EFEMP1 was shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer in some study cohorts while being low expressed in others. In TMA, 86 patients (39.1%) with a high H-score and 134 patients (60.9%) with a low H-score had EFEMP1 positive for breast cancer. While HER2 breast cancer and normal breast tissues had the lowest expression of EFEMP1, it was shown to be highly expressed in Luminal B, A, and TNBC. EFEMP1 H-score is associated with tumor stage and indicates poor overall survival in breast cancer. EFEMP1 H-score was high in the clinical tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissue (n = 20), therefore, it would to be a sensitive biomarker for breast cancer. EFEMP1 is a key indicator for assessing the clinical prognosis and diagnosis of patients with breast cancer, as evidenced by the higher expression of EFEMP1 in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue and its association with poor overall survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AbdulFattah S Fararjeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Ezidin Kaddumi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Ali Al Khader
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan
- Department of pathology, Al-Hussein Salt Hospital, Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Abdulaziz A Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd GM, Laird MC, Ku JC, Li Y. Hypoxia-induced cancer cell reprogramming: a review on how cancer stem cells arise. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1227884. [PMID: 37614497 PMCID: PMC10442830 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1227884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a subset of cells within the tumor that possess the ability to self-renew as well as differentiate into different cancer cell lineages. The exact mechanisms by which cancer stem cells arise is still not completely understood. However, current research suggests that cancer stem cells may originate from normal stem cells that have undergone genetic mutations or epigenetic changes. A more recent discovery is the dedifferentiation of cancer cells to stem-like cells. These stem-like cells have been found to express and even upregulate induced pluripotent stem cell markers known as Yamanaka factors. Here we discuss developments in how cancer stem cells arise and consider how environmental factors, such as hypoxia, plays a key role in promoting the progression of cancer stem cells and metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms that give rise to these cells could have important implications for the development of new strategies in cancer treatments and therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve M. Abd
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Biomedical. Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Madison C. Laird
- Medical Students, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Medical Students, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Biomedical. Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roshini A, Goparaju C, Kundu S, Nandhu MS, Longo SL, Longo JA, Chou J, Middleton FA, Pass HI, Viapiano MS. The extracellular matrix protein fibulin-3/EFEMP1 promotes pleural mesothelioma growth by activation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014749. [PMID: 36303838 PMCID: PMC9593058 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The extracellular matrix protein fibulin-3/EFEMP1 accumulates in the pleural effusions of MPM patients and has been proposed as a prognostic biomarker of these tumors. However, it is entirely unknown whether fibulin-3 plays a functional role on MPM growth and progression. Here, we demonstrate that fibulin-3 is upregulated in MPM tissue, promotes the malignant behavior of MPM cells, and can be targeted to reduce tumor progression. Overexpression of fibulin-3 increased the viability, clonogenic capacity and invasion of mesothelial cells, whereas fibulin-3 knockdown decreased these phenotypic traits as well as chemoresistance in MPM cells. At the molecular level, fibulin-3 activated PI3K/Akt signaling and increased the expression of a PI3K-dependent gene signature associated with cell adhesion, motility, and invasion. These pro-tumoral effects of fibulin-3 on MPM cells were disrupted by PI3K inhibition as well as by a novel, function-blocking, anti-fibulin-3 chimeric antibody. Anti-fibulin-3 antibody therapy tested in two orthotopic models of MPM inhibited fibulin-3 signaling, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation, reduced tumor growth, and extended animal survival. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that fibulin-3 is not only a prognostic factor of MPM but also a relevant molecular target in these tumors. Further development of anti-fibulin-3 approaches are proposed to increase early detection and therapeutic impact against MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arivazhagan Roshini
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Chandra Goparaju
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Somanath Kundu
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Mohan S. Nandhu
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Sharon L. Longo
- Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - John A. Longo
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Joan Chou
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Frank A. Middleton
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Harvey I. Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mariano S. Viapiano
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Mariano S. Viapiano,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Tumor Microenvironment as a Driving Force of Breast Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123863. [PMID: 33371274 PMCID: PMC7766255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer stem cells are a subset of transformed cells that sustain tumor growth and can metastasize to secondary organs. Since metastasis accounts for most cancer deaths, it is of paramount importance to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate this subgroup of cells. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the habitat in which transformed cells evolve, and it is composed by many different cell types and the extracellular matrix (ECM). A body of evidence strongly indicates that microenvironmental cues modulate stemness in breast cancer, and that the coevolution of the TME and cancer stem cells determine the fate of breast tumors. In this review, we summarize the studies providing links between the TME and the breast cancer stem cell phenotype and we discuss their specific interactions with immune cell subsets, stromal cells, and the ECM. Abstract Tumor progression involves the co-evolution of transformed cells and the milieu in which they live and expand. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a specialized subset of cells that sustain tumor growth and drive metastatic colonization. However, the cellular hierarchy in breast tumors is rather plastic, and the capacity to transition from one cell state to another depends not only on the intrinsic properties of transformed cells, but also on the interplay with their niches. It has become evident that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major player in regulating the BCSC phenotype and metastasis. The complexity of the TME is reflected in its number of players and in the interactions that they establish with each other. Multiple types of immune cells, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) form an intricate communication network with cancer cells, exert a highly selective pressure on the tumor, and provide supportive niches for BCSC expansion. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating these interactions is crucial to develop strategies aimed at interfering with key BCSC niche factors, which may help reducing tumor heterogeneity and impair metastasis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Arruabarrena-Aristorena A, Maag JLV, Kittane S, Cai Y, Karthaus WR, Ladewig E, Park J, Kannan S, Ferrando L, Cocco E, Ho SY, Tan DS, Sallaku M, Wu F, Acevedo B, Selenica P, Ross DS, Witkin M, Sawyers CL, Reis-Filho JS, Verma CS, Jauch R, Koche R, Baselga J, Razavi P, Toska E, Scaltriti M. FOXA1 Mutations Reveal Distinct Chromatin Profiles and Influence Therapeutic Response in Breast Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:534-550.e9. [PMID: 32888433 PMCID: PMC8311901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the pioneer transcription factor FOXA1 are a hallmark of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers. Examining FOXA1 in ∼5,000 breast cancer patients identifies several hotspot mutations in the Wing2 region and a breast cancer-specific mutation SY242CS, located in the third β strand. Using a clinico-genomically curated cohort, together with breast cancer models, we find that FOXA1 mutations associate with a lower response to aromatase inhibitors. Mechanistically, Wing2 mutations display increased chromatin binding at ER loci upon estrogen stimulation, and an enhanced ER-mediated transcription without changes in chromatin accessibility. In contrast, SY242CS shows neomorphic properties that include the ability to open distinct chromatin regions and activate an alternative cistrome and transcriptome. Structural modeling predicts that SY242CS confers a conformational change that mediates stable binding to a non-canonical DNA motif. Taken together, our results provide insights into how FOXA1 mutations perturb its function to dictate cancer progression and therapeutic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesper L V Maag
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Srushti Kittane
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yanyan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wouter R Karthaus
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Erik Ladewig
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jane Park
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Srinivasaraghavan Kannan
- Bioinformatics Institute (A(∗)STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Lorenzo Ferrando
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Emiliano Cocco
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sik Y Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daisylyn S Tan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mirna Sallaku
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fan Wu
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Barbara Acevedo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pier Selenica
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dara S Ross
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matthew Witkin
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute (A(∗)STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive, Singapore 117543, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ralf Jauch
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Richard Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - José Baselga
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Research & Development Oncology, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eneda Toska
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oxidized ATM promotes breast cancer stem cell enrichment through energy metabolism reprogram-mediated acetyl-CoA accumulation. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:508. [PMID: 32641713 PMCID: PMC7343870 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSC) is a challenge in the therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Intratumoral hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumor. Hypoxia may contribute to the maintenance of CSC, resulting in a poor efficacy of traditional treatment and recurrence of TNBC cases. However, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in hypoxia-induced CSC stemness maintenance remains unclear. Here, we report that hypoxia stimulated DNA double-strand breaks independent of ATM kinase activation (called oxidized ATM in this paper) play a crucial role in TNBC mammosphere formation and stemness maintenance by governing a specific energy metabolism reprogramming (EMR). Oxidized ATM up-regulates GLUT1, PKM2, and PDHa expressions to enhance the uptake of glucose and production of pyruvate rather than lactate products, which facilitates glycolytic flux to mitochondrial pyruvate and citrate, thus resulting in accumulation of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA instead of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by regulating ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) activity. Our findings unravel a novel model of TNBC-CSC glucose metabolism and its functional role in maintenance of hypoxic TNBC-CSC stemness. This work may help us to develop new therapeutic strategies for TNBC treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai J, Chen WB, Zhang XY, Kang XN, Jin LJ, Zhang H, Wang ZY. HIF-2α regulates CD44 to promote cancer stem cell activation in triple-negative breast cancer via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:87-99. [PMID: 32110277 PMCID: PMC7031759 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that seriously threatens women’s health. Breast cancer stem cell (CSC)-like cell population may be the main factor for breast cancer metastasis. Therefore, targeted therapy for CSCs has great potential significance. Hypoxia-inducible factor is a transcription factor widely expressed in tumors. Studies have shown that down-regulation of the hypoxia signaling pathway inhibits tumor stem cell self-renewal and increases the sensitivity of stem cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α). However, the specific mechanism remains unclear and further research is necessary.
AIM To investigate the effect of HIF-2α down-regulation on stem cell markers, microsphere formation, and apoptosis in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 under hypoxia and its possible mechanism.
METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-2α and CD44 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-TNBC tissues. Double-labeling immunofluorescence was applied to detect the co-expression of HIF-2α and CD44 in MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells. HIF-2α was silenced by RNA interference, and the expression of CD44 and transfection efficiency were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Further, flow cytometry, TdT-mediated X-dUTP nick end labeling, and mammosphere formation assays were used to evaluate the effect of HIF-2α on CSCs and apoptosis. The possible mechanisms were analyzed by Western blot.
RESULTS The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HIF-2α was highly expressed in both TNBC and non-TNBC, while the expression of CD44 in different molecular types of breast cancer cells was different. In in vitro experiments, it was found that HIF-2α and CD44 were expressed almost in the same cell. Compared with hypoxia + negative-sequence control, HIF-2α small interfering ribonucleic acid transfection can lower the expression of HIF-2α and CD44 mRNA(P < 0.05), increase the percentage of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05), and resulted in a reduction of CD44+/CD24− population (P < 0.05) and mammosphere formation (P < 0.05) in hypoxic MDA-MB-231 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that phosphorylated protein-serine-threonine kinase (p-AKT) and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) levels in MDA-MB-231 decreased significantly after HIF-2α silencing (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Down-regulation of HIF-2α expression can inhibit the stemness of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and promote apoptosis, and its mechanism may be related to the CD44/phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Thyroid and Breast Deptartment III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wei-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Thyroid and Breast Deptartment III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Kang
- Department of Second Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Jin
- Thyroid and Breast Deptartment III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| | | | - Zun-Yi Wang
- Thyroid and Breast Deptartment III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nallanthighal S, Heiserman JP, Cheon DJ. The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer Stemness. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:86. [PMID: 31334229 PMCID: PMC6624409 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of cancer cell biology progresses, it has become clear that tumors are a heterogenous mixture of different cell populations, some of which contain so called “cancer stem cells” (CSCs). Hallmarks of CSCs include self-renewing capability, tumor-initiating capacity and chemoresistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM), a major structural component of the tumor microenvironment, is a highly dynamic structure and increasing evidence suggests that ECM proteins establish a physical and biochemical niche for CSCs. In cancer, abnormal ECM dynamics occur due to disrupted balance between ECM synthesis and secretion and altered expression of matrix-remodeling enzymes. Tumor-derived ECM is biochemically distinct in its composition and is stiffer compared to normal ECM. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of how different components of the ECM modulate CSC properties then discuss how physical, mechanical, and biochemical cues from the ECM drive cancer stemness. Given the fact that current CSC targeting therapies face many challenges, a better understanding of CSC-ECM interactions will be crucial to identify more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Nallanthighal
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - James Patrick Heiserman
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Dong-Joo Cheon
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gallart-Palau X, Serra A, Hase Y, Tan CF, Chen CP, Kalaria RN, Sze SK. Brain-derived and circulating vesicle profiles indicate neurovascular unit dysfunction in early Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2019; 29:593-605. [PMID: 30629763 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular factors that reduce blood flow to the brain are involved in apparition and progression of dementia. We hypothesized that cerebral hypoperfusion (CH) might alter the molecular compositions of brain intercellular communication mechanisms while affecting the neurovascular unit in preclinical and clinical human dementias. To test that hypothesis, mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid stenosis (BCAS) and the molecular compositions of brain-derived and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) were assessed. Murine brain vesicle profiles were then analyzed in parallel with brain EVs from post-mortem subjects affected by preclinical Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and mixed dementias. Brain EVs were identified with molecular mediators of hypoxia responses, neuroprotection and neurotoxicity in BCAS mice, patterns also partially resembled by subjects with preclinical AD and mixed dementias. Together these findings indicate that brain EVs represent a promising source of therapeutic targets and circulating markers of neurovascular insult in idiopathic dementias. Furthermore, the results obtained generate novel and compelling hypotheses about the molecular involvement of the vascular component in the etiology of human dementias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gallart-Palau
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aida Serra
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoshiki Hase
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chee Fan Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher P Chen
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Research Progresses in Cancer Stem Cells of Three Common Fertility-Related Female Malignancies. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:827-835. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Noonan MM, Dragan M, Mehta MM, Hess DA, Brackstone M, Tuck AB, Viswakarma N, Rana A, Babwah AV, Wondisford FE, Bhattacharya M. The matrix protein Fibulin-3 promotes KISS1R induced triple negative breast cancer cell invasion. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30034-30052. [PMID: 30046386 PMCID: PMC6059025 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality. In particular, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprise a heterogeneous group of basal-like tumors lacking estrogen receptor (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 (ErbB2). TNBC represents 15-20% of all breast cancers and occurs frequently in women under 50 years of age. Unfortunately, these patients lack targeted therapy, are typically high grade and metastatic at time of diagnosis. The mechanisms regulating metastasis remain poorly understood. We have previously shown that the kisspeptin receptor, KISS1R stimulates invasiveness of TNBC cells. In this report, we demonstrate that KISS1R signals via the secreted extracellular matrix protein, fibulin-3, to regulate TNBC invasion. We found that the fibulin-3 gene is amplified in TNBC primary tumors and that plasma fibulin-3 levels are elevated in TNBC patients compared to healthy subjects. In this study, we show that KISS1R activation increases fibulin-3 expression and secretion. We show that fibulin-3 regulates TNBC metastasis in a mouse experimental metastasis xenograft model and signals downstream of KISS1R to stimulate TNBC invasion, by activating matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and the MAPK pathway. These results identify fibulin-3 as a new downstream mediator of KISS1R signaling and as a potential biomarker for TNBC progression and metastasis, thus revealing KISS1R and fibulin-3 as novel drug targets in TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Noonan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Magdalena Dragan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael M Mehta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - David A Hess
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Muriel Brackstone
- Department of Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Surgical Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alan B Tuck
- Department of Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,The Pamela Greenaway-Kohlmeier Translational Breast Cancer Research Unit, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - Navin Viswakarma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ajay Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andy V Babwah
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Institute of NJ, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Frederic E Wondisford
- Department of Medicine, Child Health Institute of NJ, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Moshmi Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Child Health Institute of NJ, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Murugesan T, Rajajeyabalachandran G, Kumar S, Nagaraju S, Jegatheesan SK. Targeting HIF-2α as therapy for advanced cancers. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1444-1451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
13
|
Cui XY, Skretting G, Tinholt M, Stavik B, Dahm AEA, Sahlberg KK, Kanse S, Iversen N, Sandset PM. A novel hypoxia response element regulates oxygen-related repression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Thromb Res 2017; 157:111-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|