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Kumar S, Sreelekshmi PR, Godke YS, Sudeep AB. Vector competence of three species of mosquitoes to Ingwavuma virus ( Manzanilla orthobunyavirus), a new bunyavirus found circulating in India. Virusdisease 2023; 34:15-20. [PMID: 37009260 PMCID: PMC10050543 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-023-00808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ingwavuma virus (INGV), a mosquito-borne arbovirus reported from Africa and Southeast Asia has been found circulating in India as evidenced by virus isolation and antibody prevalence. INGV is now classified as Manzanilla orthobunyavirus belonging to family Peribunyaviridae. The virus is maintained in nature in a pig-mosquito-bird cycle. Human infection has been confirmed by virus isolation and detection of neutralizing antibodies. A study was initiated to determine the vector competence of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Cx tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes to INGV due to their high prevalence in India. Mosquitoes were oral fed on viraemic mice and INGV dissemination to legs, wings, salivary glands (saliva) was studied alongwith virus growth kinetics. The three mosquitoes replicated INGV with maximum titers of 3.7, 3.7 and 4.7log10TCID50/ml respectively and maintained the virus till 16th day post infection. However, vector competence and horizontal transmission to infant mouse was demonstrated only by Cx quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Vertical or trans-ovarial transmission of INGV could not be demonstrated in the mosquito during the study. Though no major outbreak involving humans has been reported yet, the potential of the virus to replicate in different species of mosquitoes and vertebrates including humans pose a threat to public health should there be a change in its genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar
- Division of Medical Entomology, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Microbial Containment Complex, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune, 411021 India
| | - P. R. Sreelekshmi
- Division of Medical Entomology, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Microbial Containment Complex, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune, 411021 India
| | - Y. S. Godke
- Division of Medical Entomology, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Microbial Containment Complex, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune, 411021 India
| | - A. B. Sudeep
- Division of Medical Entomology, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Microbial Containment Complex, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune, 411021 India
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Laredo-Tiscareño SV, Garza-Hernandez JA, Rodríguez-Alarcón CA, Adame-Gallegos JR, Beristain-Ruiz DM, Barajas-López IN, González-Peña R, Baylon-Jaquez D, Camacho-Perea A, Vega-Durán A, Rubio-Tabares E, Rivera-Barreno R, Montelongo-Ponce C, Tangudu CS, Blitvich BJ. Detection of Antibodies to Lokern, Main Drain, St. Louis Encephalitis, and West Nile Viruses in Vertebrate Animals in Chihuahua, Guerrero, and Michoacán, Mexico. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2021; 21:884-891. [PMID: 34652234 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted serologic surveillance for flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses in vertebrate animals in Mexico in 2018-2019. Sera were collected from 856 vertebrate animals, including 323 dogs, 223 horses, and 121 cows, from 16 species. The animals were from 3 states: Chihuahua in northwest Mexico (704 animals) and Guerrero and Michoacán on the Pacific Coast (27 and 125 animals, respectively). Sera were assayed by plaque reduction neutralization test using four flaviviruses (dengue type 2, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile, and Zika viruses) and six orthobunyaviruses from the Bunyamwera (BUN) serogroup (Cache Valley, Lokern, Main Drain, Northway, Potosi, and Tensaw viruses). Antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) were detected in 154 animals of 9 species, including 89 (39.9%) horses, 3 (21.4%) Indian peafowl, and 41 (12.7%) dogs. Antibodies to St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) were detected in seven animals, including three (0.9%) dogs. Antibodies to Lokern virus (LOKV) were detected in 22 animals: 19 (8.5%) horses, 2 (1.7%) cows, and a dog (0.3%). Antibodies to Main Drain virus (MDV) were detected in three (1.3%) horses. WNV and LOKV activity was detected in all three states, SLEV activity was detected in Chihuahua and Michoacán, and MDV activity was detected in Chihuahua. None of the animals was seropositive for Cache Valley virus, the most common and widely distributed BUN serogroup virus in North America. In conclusion, we provide serologic evidence that select flaviviruses and BUN serogroup viruses infect vertebrate animals in Chihuahua, Guerrero, and Michoacán. We also provide the first evidence of LOKV and MDV activity in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier A Garza-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Carlos A Rodríguez-Alarcón
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | | | - Diana M Beristain-Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | | | | | - David Baylon-Jaquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Adriana Camacho-Perea
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
| | - Alfonso Vega-Durán
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Ezequiel Rubio-Tabares
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Ramón Rivera-Barreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Carolina Montelongo-Ponce
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Chandra S Tangudu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Bradley J Blitvich
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Xia H, Liu R, Zhao L, Sun X, Zheng Z, Atoni E, Hu X, Zhang B, Zhang G, Yuan Z. Characterization of Ebinur Lake Virus and Its Human Seroprevalence at the China-Kazakhstan Border. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3111. [PMID: 32082268 PMCID: PMC7002386 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, rapidly increasing trade and travel across the China–Kazakhstan border has increased the potential risk of the introduction and exportation of vectors and their related diseases. The Ebinur Lake Nature Reserve is located in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, near the China–Kazakhstan border, with a suitable ecosystem for mosquito breeding. In our previous work, a novel Orthobunyavirus species named Ebinur Lake virus (EBIV) was isolated in the reserve. To gain insights into the potential risk of EBIV in this region, we conducted a study that aimed to clearly outline EBIV’s biological characteristics and its human seroprevalence in this region. Phylogenetically, the analysis of all three segments of EBIV demonstrated that it belongs to the genus Orthobunyavirus, which is clustered in the Bunyamwera serogroup. EBIV replicated efficiently and caused cytopathic effects (CPEs) in vertebrate cells. The survival rates of the EBIV-challenged mice were 0 and 20% when inoculated with viral concentrations ≥104 or 102 plaque-forming units, respectively. For EBIV-infected mice, internal bleeding and pathological changes were observed. In addition, the overall immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody [1:4 by immunofluorescence assay (IFA)], immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody (1:10 by IFA), and neutralizing antibody [90% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT)] prevalence was 8.05, 12.3, and 0.95%, respectively, in the studied residents. In summary, EBIV is a new member of the Bunyamwera serogroup and is able to competently infect cells derived from mosquitoes, rodents, monkeys, or humans. Furthermore, EBIV caused severe disease and even death in challenged Kunming mice, and the antibodies against EBIV have been detected in local residents, indicating that the virus is a potential animal or human pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xia
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Illumina (China), Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Evans Atoni
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guilin Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Palya V, Kovács EW, Marton S, Tatár-Kis T, Felföldi B, Forró B, Domán M, Bányai K. Novel Orthobunyavirus Causing Severe Kidney Disease in Broiler Chickens, Malaysia, 2014-2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1110-1117. [PMID: 31107212 PMCID: PMC6537736 DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.181661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During 2014–2017, we isolated a novel orthobunyavirus from broiler chickens with severe kidney lesions in the state of Kedah, Malaysia; we named the virus Kedah fatal kidney syndrome virus (KFKSV). Affected chickens became listless and diarrheic before dying suddenly. Necropsies detected pale and swollen kidneys with signs of gout, enlarged and fragile livers, and pale hearts. Experimental infection of broiler chickens with KFKSV reproduced the disease and pathologic conditions observed in the field, fulfilling the Koch’s postulates. Gene sequencing indicated high nucleotide identities between KFKSV isolates (99%) and moderate nucleotide identities with the orthobunyavirus Umbre virus in the large (78%), medium (77%), and small (86%) genomic segments. KFKSV may be pathogenic for other host species, including humans.
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