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Terzaghi E, Raspa G, Zanardini E, Morosini C, Anelli S, Armiraglio S, Di Guardo A. Life cycle exposure of plants considerably affects root uptake of PCBs: Role of growth strategies and dissolved/particulate organic carbon variability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126826. [PMID: 34396963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant roots can accumulate organic chemicals, including PCBs, and this could be relevant in spreading chemicals through the food chain. To estimate such uptake, several equations are available in the literature, mostly developed in lab conditions, to obtain the root concentration factor (RCF). Here, a long-term (18 months) greenhouse experiment, using an aged, contaminated soil, was performed to reproduce root uptake in field-like conditions and to account for the ecological variability of exposure during the entire life cycle. Specific growth strategies (i.e., annual vs. perennial), root development (e.g., timing of root production and decaying), and soil parameters (e.g., dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and the particulate organic carbon (POC)) may interfere with the uptake of contaminants into the roots of plants. In this study, we investigate the effects of these factors on the RCF, obtained for 79 PCBs. New predictive equations were calculated for 5 different plants species at four different growth times (from few months to 1.5 years) and stages (growing vs maturity). The relationships highlighted a species-specific and time-dependent accumulation of PCB in plants roots, with higher RCFs in summer than in fall for some species, and the relevant influence of DOC and POC in affecting root uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Terzaghi
- DiSAT, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Raspa
- DICMA, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Armiraglio
- Municipality of Brescia - Museum of Natural Sciences, Via Ozanam 4, Brescia, Italy
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Musadji NY, Lemée L, Caner L, Porel G, Poinot P, Geffroy-Rodier C. Spectral characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter: Long-term effects of exogenous organic matter on soil organic matter and spatial-temporal changes. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 240:124808. [PMID: 31546188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of urban and green waste compost exogenous organic matter (EOM) on soil dissolved organic matter (DOM). A luvic cambisol was amended 7 years before the study. DOM was investigated along a soil profile down to 1 m depth regarding seasonal variations (autumn and spring). DOM sampled by suction cups was characterized using dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content and excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence. The variability of DOM concentrations was pronounced but no major change in composition was determined. The results obtained, reinforced by statistical analysis, showed that the DOM quality was mainly influenced by soil management (organic matter amendment) whereas the quantity mainly depended on the season (heavy precipitation event). DOM humic characteristics were strongly dependent on amendment and changed with depth but was not affected by the season. Long term effect of compost organic matter was highlighted after a 7-years amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Musadji
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France; Institut National Supérieur d'Agronomie et de Biotechnologies (INSAB), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Gabon
| | - L Lemée
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - L Caner
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - G Porel
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - P Poinot
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - C Geffroy-Rodier
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France.
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Huber DP, Lohse KA, Commendador A, Joy S, Aho K, Finney B, Germino MJ. Vegetation and precipitation shifts interact to alter organic and inorganic carbon storage in cold desert soils. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Huber
- Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
- U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Boise Idaho 83712 USA
| | - Kathleen A. Lohse
- Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
- Department of Geosciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
| | - Amy Commendador
- Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
| | - Stephen Joy
- Department of Geosciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
| | - Ken Aho
- Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
| | - Bruce Finney
- Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
- Department of Geosciences Idaho State University Pocatello Idaho 83209 USA
| | - Matthew J. Germino
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Boise Idaho 83706 USA
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Gollany HT, Venterea RT. Measurements and Models to Identify Agroecosystem Practices That Enhance Soil Organic Carbon under Changing Climate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2018; 47:579-587. [PMID: 30025043 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2018.05.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A the anticipated impacts of climate change is a pressing issue facing agriculture, as precipitation and temperature changes are expected to have major effects on agricultural production in many regions of the world. These changes will also affect soil organic matter decomposition and associated stocks of soil organic C (SOC), which have the potential to feed back to climate change and affect agroecosystem resiliency. This special section brings together multiple efforts to assess effects of climate change on SOC stocks around the globe in grassland, pasture, and crop agroecosystems under varying management practices. The overall goal of these efforts is to identify optimum practices to enhance SOC accumulation. In this article, we summarize the highlights of these papers and assess their broader implications for future research to enhance agroecosystem SOC accumulation and resiliency to climate change. Fourteen of the twenty contributions apply dynamic process-based models to assess climate and/or long-term management impacts on SOC stocks, and four papers use statistical SOC models across landscapes or regions. Also included are one meta-analysis and one long-term study. The models applied in this collection performed well when reliable input data were available, underlining the usefulness of modeling efforts to inform management decisions that enhance SOC stocks. Overall, the findings confirm that most agroecosystems have the potential to store SOC through improved management. However, this will be challenging, particularly for dryland agriculture, unless crop yield and crop biomass increase under projected climate change.
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Justine MF, Yang W, Wu F, Tan B, Naeem Khan M, Li Z. Dissolved organic matter in soils varies across a chronosequence of
Pinus massoniana
plantations. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meta Francis Justine
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Wanqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Bo Tan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | | | - Zhijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
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Lai L, Kumar S, Mbonimpa EG, Hong CO, Owens VN, Neupane RP. Evaluating the impacts of landscape positions and nitrogen fertilizer rates on dissolved organic carbon on switchgrass land seeded on marginally yielding cropland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 171:113-120. [PMID: 26861225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through leaching into the soils is another mechanism of net C loss. It plays an important role in impacting the environment and impacted by soil and crop management practices. However, little is known about the impacts of landscape positions and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates on DOC leaching in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). This experimental design included three N fertilizer rates [0 (low); 56 (medium); 112 (high) kg N ha(-1)] and three landscape positions (shoulder, backslope and footslope). Daily average DOC contents at backslope were significantly lower than that at shoulder and footslope. The DOC contents from the plots that received medium N rate were also significantly lower than the plots that received low N rates. The interactions of landscape and N rates on DOC contents were different in every year from 2009 to 2014, however, no significant consistent trend of DOC contents was observed over time. Annual average DOC contents from the plots managed with low N rate were higher than those with high N rate. These contents at the footslope were higher than that at the shoulder position. Data show that there is a moderate positive relationship between the total average DOC contents and the total average switchgrass biomass yields. Overall, the DOC contents from leachate in the switchgrass land were significantly influenced by landscape positions and N rates. The N fertilization reduced DOC leaching contents in switchgrass field. The switchgrass could retain soil and environment sustainability to some extent. These findings will assist in understanding the mechanism of changes in DOC contents with various parameters in the natural environment and crop management systems. However, use of long-term data might help to better assess the effects of above factors on DOC leaching contents and loss in the switchgrass field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Lai
- Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Eric G Mbonimpa
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Chang Oh Hong
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea
| | - Vance N Owens
- North Central Sun Grant Center, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Ram P Neupane
- Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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Thayalakumaran T, Lenahan MJ, Bristow KL. Dissolved Organic Carbon in Groundwater Overlain by Irrigated Sugarcane. GROUND WATER 2015; 53:525-530. [PMID: 25213667 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Elevated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has been detected in groundwater beneath irrigated sugarcane on the Burdekin coastal plain of tropical northeast Australia. The maximum value of 82 mg/L is to our knowledge the highest DOC reported for groundwater beneath irrigated cropping systems. More than half of the groundwater sampled in January 2004 (n = 46) exhibited DOC concentrations greater than 30 mg/L. DOC was progressively lower in October 2004 and January 2005, with a total decrease greater than 90% indicating varying load(s) to the aquifer. It was hypothesized that the elevated DOC found in this groundwater system is sourced at or near the soil surface and supplied to the aquifer via vertical recharge following above average rainfall. Possible sources of DOC include organic-rich sugar mill by-products applied as fertilizer and/or sugarcane sap released during harvest. CFC-12 vertical flow rates supported the hypothesis that elevated DOC (>40 mg/L) in the groundwater results from recharge events in which annual precipitation exceeds 1500 mm/year (average = 960 mm/year). Occurrence of elevated DOC concentrations, absence of electron acceptors (O2 and NO3 (-) ) and both Fe(2+) and Mn(2+) greater than 1 mg/L in shallow groundwater suggest that the DOC compounds are chemically labile. The consequence of high concentrations of labile DOC may be positive (e.g., denitrification) or negative (e.g., enhanced metal mobility and biofouling), and highlights the need to account for a wider range of water quality parameters when considering the impacts of land use on the ecology of receiving waters and/or suitability of groundwater for irrigated agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabo Thayalakumaran
- Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures and CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship, CSIRO Land and Water, PMB Aitkenvale, Townsville, Queensland, 4814, Australia.
- Currently with Department of Environment and Primary Industries-Agriculture Research, 32 Lincoln Square Nth, Carlton, Vic, 3053, Australia.
| | - Matthew J Lenahan
- Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures and CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship, CSIRO Land and Water, PMB Aitkenvale, Townsville, Queensland, 4814, Australia.
- Currently with AECOM, PO Box 5423, Townsville, Queensland, 4810, Australia.
| | - Keith L Bristow
- Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures and CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship, CSIRO Land and Water, PMB Aitkenvale, Townsville, Queensland, 4814, Australia
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Solubility and leaching risks of organic carbon in paddy soils as affected by irrigation managements. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:546750. [PMID: 23935423 PMCID: PMC3713366 DOI: 10.1155/2013/546750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influence of nonflooding controlled irrigation (NFI) on solubility and leaching risk of soil organic carbon (SOC) were investigated. Compared with flooding irrigation (FI) paddies, soil water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in NFI paddies increased in surface soil but decreased in deep soil. The DOC leaching loss in NFI field was 63.3 kg C ha⁻¹, reduced by 46.4% than in the FI fields. It indicated that multi-wet-dry cycles in NFI paddies enhanced the decomposition of SOC in surface soils, and less carbon moved downward to deep soils due to less percolation. That also led to lower SOC in surface soils in NFI paddies than in FI paddies, which implied that more carbon was released into the atmosphere from the surface soil in NFI paddies. Change of solubility of SOC in NFI paddies might lead to potential change in soil fertility and sustainability, greenhouse gas emission, and bioavailability of trace metals or organic pollutants.
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Sandford RC, Hawkins JMB, Bol R, Worsfold PJ. Export of dissolved organic carbon and nitrate from grassland in winter using high temporal resolution, in situ UV sensing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 456-457:384-391. [PMID: 23628487 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Co-deployment of two reagentless UV sensors for high temporal resolution (15 min) real time determination of wintertime DOC and nitrate-N export from a grassland lysimeter plot (North Wyke, Devon, UK) is reported. They showed rapid, transient but high impact perturbations of DOC (5.3-23 mg CL(-1)) and nitrate-N export after storm/snow melt which discontinuous sampling would not have observed. During a winter freeze/thaw cycle, DOC export (1.25 kg Cha(-1)d(-1)) was significantly higher than typical UK catchment values (maximum 0.25 kg Chad(-1)) and historical North Wyke data (0.7 kg Cha(-1)d(-1)). DOC concentrations were inversely correlated with the key DOC physico-chemical drivers of pH (January r=-0.65), and conductivity (January r=-0.64). Nitrate-N export (0.8-1.5 mg NL(-1)) was strongly correlated with DOC export (r ≥ 0.8). The DOC:NO3-N molar ratios showed that soil microbial N assimilation was not C limited and therefore high N accrual was not promoted in the River Taw, which is classified as a nitrate vulnerable zone (NVZ). The sensor was shown to be an effective sentinel device for identifying critical periods when rapid ecosystem N accumulation could be triggered by a shift in resource stoichiometry. It is therefore a useful tool to help evaluate land management strategies and impacts from climate change and intensive agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Sandford
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, England, UK.
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Liang Y, Gollany H, Rickman R, Albrecht S, Follett R, Wilhelm W, Novak J, Douglas C. Simulating soil organic matter with CQESTR (v. 2.0): Model description and validation against long-term experiments across North America. Ecol Modell 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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