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Mansukhani T, Arechvo A, Cecchini F, Breim M, Wright A, Nicolaides KH, Charakida M. Vascular phenotype at 35-37 weeks' gestation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 61:386-391. [PMID: 36173400 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the vascular phenotype at 35-37 weeks' gestation of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and compare it to that in women without GDM, using ophthalmic artery Doppler and carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity. METHODS This was a prospective observational study of women attending for a routine hospital visit at 35 + 0 to 37 + 6 weeks' gestation. This visit included recording of maternal demographic characteristics and medical history, ophthalmic artery Doppler for calculation of the peak systolic velocity (PSV) ratio and assessment of cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity and augmentation index. All measurements were standardized to remove the effects of maternal characteristics and elements from the medical history, and the adjusted values in the GDM group were compared with those in the non-GDM group. RESULTS The study population of 2018 pregnancies contained 218 (10.8%) that developed GDM, including 78 (35.8%) that were treated with diet alone, 81 (37.2%) treated with metformin and 59 (27.1%) treated with insulin with or without metformin. In the GDM group, compared with the non-GDM group, there were significantly higher ophthalmic artery PSV ratio, carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity and central systolic blood pressure, but there was no significant difference in cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, central diastolic blood pressure or augmentation index. In the GDM group, women treated with metformin or insulin had a higher ophthalmic artery PSV ratio compared with those treated with diet alone. Additionally, compared with the diet group, the metformin group had higher central systolic blood pressure and the insulin group had a higher carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity. CONCLUSION Women with GDM have evidence of early vascular disease, and this may contribute to their long-term cardiovascular risk. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mansukhani
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Arechvo
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Cecchini
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Breim
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Charakida
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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2
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Systemic Scleroderma-Definition, Clinical Picture and Laboratory Diagnostics. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092299. [PMID: 35566425 PMCID: PMC9100749 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Scleroderma (Sc) is a rare connective tissue disease classified as an autoimmune disorder. The pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood. (2) Methods: This article reviews the literature on systemic scleroderma (SSc). A review of available scientific articles was conducted using the PubMed database with a time range of January 1985 to December 2021. (3) Results and Conclusions: The article is a review of information on epidemiology, criteria for diagnosis, pathogenesis, a variety of clinical pictures and the possibility of laboratory diagnostic in the diagnosis and monitoring of systemic scleroderma.
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3
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Szabóová E, Lisovszki A, Fatľová E, Kolarčik P, Szabó P, Molnár T. Prevalence of Microalbuminuria and Its Association with Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Middle Aged, Nondiabetic, Low to Moderate Cardiovascular Risk Individuals with or without Hypertension. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091716. [PMID: 34574057 PMCID: PMC8464680 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalbuminuria is closely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the general population. Less is known about its relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria and its relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged, nondiabetic, apparently healthy individuals (N = 187; 40.1% men, 59.9% women; aged 35–55 years) as well as to evaluate its potential associations with established risk modifiers, especially with the presence of carotid plaque. Clinical and laboratory parameters, the estimated 10-year fatal cardiovascular risk (SCORE), as well as circulating, functional (flow mediated vasodilation, ankle-brachial index, augmentation index, and pulse wave velocity), and morphological markers (mean carotid intima–media thickness, and carotid plaque) of subclinical atherosclerosis were analysed in group with vs. without microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria was present in 3.8% of individuals with SCORE risk 0.43 ± 0.79%. Functional markers predominated in both groups. Carotid intima–media thickness (mean ± SD) in both groups was in range: 0.5–0.55 ± 0.09–0.14 mm. Carotid plaque was more frequent in group with (14.3%) vs. without (4.4%) microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria had no statistically significant effect on most markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, but the increasing value of microalbuminuria was significantly associated with the occurrence of carotid plaque (p = 0.035; OR = 1.035; 95% CI = 1.002–1.07). Additional multiple logistic regression analysis, where variables belonged to microalbuminuria, number of risk factors, and family history, finally showed only two variables: microalbuminuria (p = 0.034; OR = 1.04; 95%CI = 1.003–1.09) and the number of risk factors (p = 0.006; OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.24–3.73) with independent and significant impact on the occurrence of carotid plaque. Our results may indicate an association of microalbuminuria with the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque; in addition, microalbuminuria and the number of risk factors appear to be possible predictors of the carotid plaque occurrence. Monitoring microalbuminuria may improve the personalized cardiovascular risk assessment in nondiabetic, low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk individuals with or without hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Szabóová
- Department of Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Lisovszki
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.L.); (E.F.)
| | - Eliška Fatľová
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.L.); (E.F.)
| | - Peter Kolarčik
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Szabó
- Department of Aviation Technical Studies, Technical University of Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Tomáš Molnár
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
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4
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Sucato V, Corrado E, Manno G, Amata F, Testa G, Novo G, Galassi AR. Biomarkers of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Microvascular Angina: A Narrative Review. Angiology 2021; 73:395-406. [PMID: 34338554 DOI: 10.1177/00033197211034267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current gold standard for diagnosis of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in the absence of myocardial diseases, whose clinical manifestation is microvascular angina (MVA), is reactivity testing using adenosine or acetylcholine during coronary angiography. This invasive test can be difficult to perform, expensive, and harmful. The identification of easily obtainable blood biomarkers which reflect the pathophysiology of CMD, characterized by high reliability, precision, accuracy, and accessibility may reduce risks and costs related to invasive procedures and even facilitate the screening and diagnosis of CMD. In this review, we summarized the results of several studies that have investigated the possible relationships between blood biomarkers involved with CMD and MVA. More specifically, we have divided the analyzed biomarkers into 3 different groups, according to the main mechanisms underlying CMD: biomarkers of "endothelial dysfunction," "vascular inflammation," and "oxidative stress." Finally, in the last section of the review, we consider mixed mechanisms and biomarkers which are not included in the 3 major categories mentioned above, but could be involved in the pathogenesis of CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sucato
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Egle Corrado
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Manno
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Amata
- Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Testa
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Novo
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alfredo R Galassi
- Department of Excellence of Sciences for Health Promotion and Maternal-Child Care, Internal Medicine and Specialties (ProMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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5
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Aresta C, Favero V, Morelli V, Giovanelli L, Parazzoli C, Falchetti A, Pugliese F, Gennari L, Vescini F, Salcuni A, Scillitani A, Persani L, Chiodini I. Cardiovascular complications of mild autonomous cortisol secretion. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35:101494. [PMID: 33814301 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal incidentalomas (AI) may be associated with a mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) in up to one third of cases. There is growing evidence that MACS patients actually present increased risk of cardiovascular disease and higher mortality rate, driven by increased prevalence of known cardiovascular risk factors, as well as accelerated cardiovascular remodelling. Adrenalectomy seems to have cardiometabolic beneficial effects in MACS patients but their management is still a debated topic due to the lack of high-quality studies. Several studies suggested that so called "non-functioning" AI may be actually "functioning" with an associated increased cardiovascular risk. Although the individual cortisol sensitivity and peripheral activation have been recently suggested to play a role in influencing the cardiovascular risk even in apparently eucortisolemic patients, to date the degree of cortisol secretion, as mirrored by the cortisol levels after dexamethasone suppression test remains the best predictor of an increased cardiovascular risk in AI patients. However, whether or not the currently used cut-off set at 50 nmol/L for cortisol levels after dexamethasone suppression could be considered completely reliable in ruling out hypercortisolism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Aresta
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Favero
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Morelli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Giovanelli
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Parazzoli
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Falchetti
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Flavia Pugliese
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Luigi Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - Fabio Vescini
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy.
| | - Antonio Salcuni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Scillitani
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Iacopo Chiodini
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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6
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Åström Malm I, De Basso R, Blomstrand P, Bjarnegård N. Increased arterial stiffness in males with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2020; 41:68-75. [PMID: 33000520 PMCID: PMC7756894 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta, has a prevalence of about 1.5%–3% among 65‐ to 70‐year‐old males in Europe. AAA confers an increased risk of developing major cardiovascular events in addition to the risk of aneurysm rupture. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the arterial wall distensibility is altered in subjects with AAA. Methods Two hundred and eighty‐four male subjects (182 with AAA and 102 controls) were enrolled in the study. Arterial wall distensibility was evaluated using non‐invasive applanation tonometry to measure regional pulse wave velocity between the carotid and femoral arteries and the carotid and radial arteries. In addition, blood pressure was measured, and the pulse pressure waveform was analysed. Results Higher aortic augmentation index (25.1% versus 20.6%; p < .001) and higher aortic pulse wave velocity (12.3 m/s versus 10.9 m/s; p < .001) were demonstrated in the AAA cohort. The slightly higher arm pulse wave velocity in the AAA group (9.4 m/s versus 9.1 m/s; p < .05) was abolished after adjusting for mean arterial blood pressure. Conclusions Males with AAA have decreased aortic wall distensibility and enhanced reflection waves in central aorta during systole. These results imply that increased arterial wall stiffness may be a contributing factor to the overall higher cardiovascular risk seen in patients with AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Åström Malm
- Department of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Rachel De Basso
- Department of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Blomstrand
- Department of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Niclas Bjarnegård
- Department of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
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7
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Kostopoulou M, Nikolopoulos D, Parodis I, Bertsias G. Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Recent Data on Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Prevention. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:549-565. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161118666191227101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is associated with increased risk for accelerated atherosclerosis
and cardiovascular (CV) events including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular and peripheral
artery disease. CV events occur both early and late during the disease course, with younger
patients being at much higher risk than age-matched counterparts. The risk cannot be fully accounted for
by the increased prevalence of traditional atherosclerotic factors and may be due to pathophysiologic
intermediates such as type I interferons and other inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, activated
granulocytes and production of extracellular chromatin traps, antiphospholipid and other autoantibodies
causing dysfunction of lipoproteins, altogether resulting in endothelial injury and pro-atherogenic
dyslipidaemia. These mechanisms may be further aggravated by chronic intake of prednisone (even at
doses <7.5 mg/day), whereas immunomodulatory drugs, especially hydroxychloroquine, may exert antiatherogenic
properties. To date, there is a paucity of randomized studies regarding the effectiveness of
preventative strategies and pharmacological interventions specifically in patients with SLE. Nevertheless,
both the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations and extrapolated evidence from
the general population emphasize that SLE patients should undergo regular monitoring for atherosclerotic
risk factors and calculation of the 10-year CV risk. Risk stratification should include diseaserelated
factors and accordingly, general (lifestyle modifications/smoking cessation, antihypertensive and
statin treatment, low-dose aspirin in selected cases) and SLE-specific (control of disease activity, minimization
of glucocorticoids, use of hydroxychloroquine) preventive measures be applied as appropriate.
Further studies will be required regarding the use of non-invasive tools and biomarkers for CV assessment
and of risk-lowering strategies tailored to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Kostopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysis Nikolopoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Rheumatology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Iraklio, Greece
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8
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Gać P, Urbanik D, Pawlas N, Poręba M, Martynowicz H, Prokopowicz A, Januszewska L, Markiewicz-Górka I, Jaremków A, Mazur G, Poręba R, Pawlas K. Total antioxidant status reduction conditioned by a serum selenium concentration decrease as a mechanism of the ultrasonographically measured brachial artery dilatation impairment in patients with arterial hypertension. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 75:103332. [PMID: 32006877 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of selenium (SeS) and zinc (ZnS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and endothelial function assessed by ultrasonographic method of dilatation of the brachial artery in 141 hypertensive patients. Patients with SeS < median were characterized by a statistically significantly lower flow-mediated dilation (FMD) than patients with SeS ≥ median. Patients with TAS < median were characterized by a significantly lower FMD than patients with TAS ≥ median. Older age, higher BMI, male gender, higher blood total cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, smoking and lower SeS constitute independent predictors of inferior endothelial function, expressed in lower FMD values. Smoking is an independent predictor of lower TAS, and the use of β-blockers and higher serum selenium levels are independent predictors of higher TAS. In summary, a decrease in TAS should be considered as a mechanism of inferior endothelial function in hypertensive patients conditioned by a decrease in SeS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Gać
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, 4th Military Hospital, Weigla 5, PL 50-981, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Urbanik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 38, PL 41-808, Zabrze Rokitnica, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Poręba
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Prokopowicz
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, PL 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Lidia Januszewska
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Markiewicz-Górka
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jaremków
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Poręba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Pawlas
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, PL 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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9
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Wang D, Yang X, Liu X, Jing J, Fang S. Detail-preserving pulse wave extraction from facial videos using consumer-level camera. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1876-1891. [PMID: 32341854 PMCID: PMC7173900 DOI: 10.1364/boe.380646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
With the popularity of smart phones, non-contact video-based vital sign monitoring using a camera has gained increased attention over recent years. Especially, imaging photoplethysmography (IPPG), a technique for extracting pulse waves from videos, conduces to monitor physiological information on a daily basis, including heart rate, respiration rate, blood oxygen saturation, and so on. The main challenge for accurate pulse wave extraction from facial videos is that the facial color intensity change due to cardiovascular activities is subtle and is often badly disturbed by noise, such as illumination variation, facial expression changes, and head movements. Even a tiny interference could bring a big obstacle for pulse wave extraction and reduce the accuracy of the calculated vital signs. In recent years, many novel approaches have been proposed to eliminate noise such as filter banks, adaptive filters, Distance-PPG, and machine learning, but these methods mainly focus on heart rate detection and neglect the retention of useful details of pulse wave. For example, the pulse wave extracted by the filter bank method has no dicrotic wave and approaching sine wave, but dicrotic waves are essential for calculating vital signs like blood viscosity and blood pressure. Therefore, a new framework is proposed to achieve accurate pulse wave extraction that contains mainly two steps: 1) preprocessing procedure to remove baseline offset and high frequency random noise; and 2) a self-adaptive singular spectrum analysis algorithm to obtain cyclical components and remove aperiodic irregular noise. Experimental results show that the proposed method can extract detail-preserved pulse waves from facial videos under realistic situations and outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of detail-preserving and real time heart rate estimation. Furthermore, the pulse wave extracted by our approach enabled the non-contact estimation of atrial fibrillation, heart rate variability, blood pressure, as well as other physiological indices that require standard pulse wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingliang Wang
- School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xuezhi Yang
- School of Software, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jin Jing
- School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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10
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Bhat OM, Yuan X, Camus S, Salloum FN, Li PL. Abnormal Lysosomal Positioning and Small Extracellular Vesicle Secretion in Arterial Stiffening and Calcification of Mice Lacking Mucolipin 1 Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1713. [PMID: 32138242 PMCID: PMC7084670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that arterial medial calcification is mediated by abnormal release of exosomes/small extracellular vesicles from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and that small extracellular vesicle (sEV) secretion from cells is associated with lysosome activity. The present study was designed to investigate whether lysosomal expression of mucolipin-1, a product of the mouse Mcoln1 gene, contributes to lysosomal positioning and sEV secretion, thereby leading to arterial medial calcification (AMC) and stiffening. In Mcoln1-/- mice, we found that a high dose of vitamin D (Vit D; 500,000 IU/kg/day) resulted in increased AMC compared to their wild-type littermates, which was accompanied by significant downregulation of SM22-α and upregulation of RUNX2 and osteopontin in the arterial media, indicating a phenotypic switch to osteogenic. It was also shown that significantly decreased co-localization of lysosome marker (Lamp-1) with lysosome coupling marker (Rab 7 and ALG-2) in the aortic wall of Mcoln1-/- mice as compared to their wild-type littermates. Besides, Mcoln1-/- mice showed significant increase in the expression of exosome/ sEV markers, CD63, and annexin-II (AnX2) in the arterial medial wall, accompanied by significantly reduced co-localization of lysosome marker (Lamp-1) with multivesicular body (MVB) marker (VPS16), suggesting a reduction of the lysosome-MVB interactions. In the plasma of Mcoln1-/- mice, the number of sEVs significantly increased as compared to the wild-type littermates. Functionally, pulse wave velocity (PWV), an arterial stiffening indicator, was found significantly increased in Mcoln1-/- mice, and Vit D treatment further enhanced such stiffening. All these data indicate that the Mcoln1 gene deletion in mice leads to abnormal lysosome positioning and increased sEV secretion, which may contribute to the arterial stiffness during the development of AMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais M. Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (O.M.B.); (X.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Xinxu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (O.M.B.); (X.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Sarah Camus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (O.M.B.); (X.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Fadi N. Salloum
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0204, USA;
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (O.M.B.); (X.Y.); (S.C.)
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11
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Bhat OM, Yuan X, Cain C, Salloum FN, Li P. Medial calcification in the arterial wall of smooth muscle cell-specific Smpd1 transgenic mice: A ceramide-mediated vasculopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:539-553. [PMID: 31743567 PMCID: PMC6933411 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is associated with crystallization of hydroxyapatite in the extracellular matrix and arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) leading to reduced arterial compliance. The study was performed to test whether lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (murine gene code: Smpd1)-derived ceramide contributes to the small extracellular vesicle (sEV) secretion from SMCs and consequently leads to AMC. In Smpd1trg /SMcre mice with SMC-specific overexpression of Smpd1 gene, a high dose of Vit D (500 000 IU/kg/d) resulted in increased aortic and coronary AMC, associated with augmented expression of RUNX2 and osteopontin in the coronary and aortic media compared with their littermates (Smpd1trg /SMwt and WT/WT mice), indicating phenotypic switch. However, amitriptyline, an acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) inhibitor, reduced calcification and reversed phenotypic switch. Smpd1trg /SMcre mice showed increased CD63, AnX2 and ALP levels in the arterial wall, accompanied by reduced co-localization of lysosome marker (Lamp-1) with multivesicular body (MVB) marker (VPS16), a parameter for lysosome-MVB interaction. All these changes related to lysosome fusion and sEV release were substantially attenuated by amitriptyline. Increased arterial stiffness and elastin disorganization were found in Smpd1trg /SMcre mice as compared to their littermates. In cultured coronary arterial SMCs (CASMCs) from Smpd1trg /SMcre mice, increased Pi concentrations led to markedly increased calcium deposition, phenotypic change and sEV secretion compared with WT CASMCs, accompanied by reduced lysosome-MVB interaction. However, amitriptyline prevented these changes in Pi -treated CASMCs. These data indicate that lysosomal ceramide plays a critical role in phenotype change and sEV release in SMCs, which may contribute to the arterial stiffness during the development of AMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais M. Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Xinxu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Chad Cain
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineVCU Pauley Heart CenterVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Fadi N. Salloum
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineVCU Pauley Heart CenterVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Pin‐Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
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Logan JG, Kim SS, Lee M, Byon HD, Yeo S. Effects of Static Stretching Exercise on Lumbar Flexibility and Central Arterial Stiffness. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2019; 33:322-328. [PMID: 29369122 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that arterial stiffness is associated with lumbar flexibility (LF). Stretching exercise targeted to improve LF may have a beneficial effect on reducing arterial stiffness. OBJECTIVES We examined the effects of a single bout of a structured, static stretching exercise on arterial stiffness, LF, peripheral and central blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) and tested the association between LF and central arterial stiffness. METHOD The study had a pretest-posttest design without a control group. Thirty healthy women followed a video demonstration of a 30-minute whole-body stretching exercise. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index, LF, peripheral and central BP, and HR were measured before and after the stretching exercise. RESULTS One bout of a static stretching exercise significantly reduced cf-PWV (t29 = 2.708, P = .011) and HR (t29 = 7.160, P = .000) and increased LF (t29 = 12.248, P < .000). Augmentation index and peripheral and central BP also decreased but did not reach statistical significance. Despite no association found between cf-PWV and LF, the larger increase in LF the subjects had, the larger decrease in cf-PWV they had after exercise (r = 0.500, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS Study findings highlight the potential benefit of a static stretching exercise on central arterial stiffness, an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity. Static stretching exercise conducted in the sitting position may be used as an effective intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk after a cardiac event or for patients whose sympathetic function should not be overly activated or whose gaits are not stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok G Logan
- Jeongok G. Logan, PhD, MSN, RN Assistant Professor, University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville. Suk-Sun Kim, PhD, MSN, RN Assistant Professor, Ewha Womans University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea. Mijung Lee, PhD(c), MSN, RN Doctoral Student, University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville. Ha Do Byon, PhD, MS, MPH, RN Assistant Professor, University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville. SeonAe Yeo, PhD, WHNP-BC, FAAN Professor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing
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Fu X, Chu C, Li X, Gao Q, Jia J. Cerebral arterial stiffness for predicting functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1916-1922. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Fu X, Li X, Xiong L, Li X, Huang R, Gao Q. Cerebral Arterial Stiffness as A New Marker of Early Stage Atherosclerosis of The Cerebral Large Artery in Acute Stroke. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:783-791. [PMID: 30662019 PMCID: PMC6753241 DOI: 10.5551/jat.46573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Carotid–cer ebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) reflects the segment (C-M segment) stiffness between the common carotid artery and ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. C-M segment atherosclerosis (CMSA) is regarded the most frequent cause of anterior circulation ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the association of ccPWV with early stage CMSA in this study. Methods: Eighty-one acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with 154 C-M segments who were successfully evaluated with digital subtraction angiography, ccPWV, carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT), and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity were enrolled into this study. Patient demographics and clinical data were retrieved from our AIS databases. Results: Multivariate analyses showed that CMSA was independently associated with higher systolic BP, ccPWV, and cIMT. ccPWV and cIMT presented good diagnostic values for evaluating early stage CMSA in the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of ccPWV were significantly higher than that of cIMT (Z = 2.204, P = 0.007). The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, and cutoff of ccPWV for detecting early stage CMSA were 0.815 (P < 0.001), 86%, 70.7%, 0.567, and 5.4 m/s, respectively. Furthermore, ccPWV was significantly correlated with the stenosis of CMSA at the early stage in Spearman's correlation analyses (r = 0.877, P < 0.001) and fractional polynomial plot with 95% confidence intervals. Conclusions: Cerebral arterial stiffness has the potential to be a new marker of early stage atherosclerosis of the cerebral large artery. This finding may help us prevent the occurrence of stroke and decrease the burden of society from stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Xianliang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Xuelong Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Ruxun Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Qingchun Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
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Parra S, Lopez‐Dupla M, Ibarretxe D, las Heras M, Amigó N, Català A, Benavent M, Garcés E, Navarro A, Castro A. Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Show an Increased Arterial Stiffness That is Predicted by IgM Anti–β
2
‐Glycoprotein I and Small Dense High‐Density Lipoprotein Particles. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2018; 71:116-125. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.23594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Parra
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Miguel Lopez‐Dupla
- Hospital Univesitari de Tarragona Joan XXIIITarragona, and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Mercedes las Heras
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en RedHospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Institut Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Nuria Amigó
- Metabolomics PlatformInstitut Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliCentro de Investigación Biomedica en RedUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Alba Català
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Marc Benavent
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Esperanza Garcés
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Alvaro Navarro
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Antoni Castro
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus and Institut d’ Investigació Sanitaria Pere VirgiliUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
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Szulińska M, Łoniewski I, Skrypnik K, Sobieska M, Korybalska K, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. Multispecies Probiotic Supplementation Favorably Affects Vascular Function and Reduces Arterial Stiffness in Obese Postmenopausal Women-A 12-Week Placebo-Controlled and Randomized Clinical Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1672. [PMID: 30400570 PMCID: PMC6265939 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity in the postmenopausal period is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in women. One of the key drivers of cardiovascular risk is endothelial dysfunction; thus, this is also a crucial point for studies on new therapeutic methods of cardioprotective properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two doses of multispecies probiotic Ecologic® Barrier supplement on functional (primary endpoint) and biochemical parameters (secondary endpoint) of endothelial dysfunction in obese postmenopausal women in a 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 81 obese Caucasian women participated in the trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups that received a placebo, a low dose (LD) (2.5 × 10⁸ colony forming units (CFU) per day), or a high dose (HD) (1 × 1010 CFU per day) of lyophilisate powder containing live multispecies probiotic bacteria. The probiotic supplement was administered each day for 12 weeks in two equal portions. A high dose probiotic supplementation for 12 weeks decreased systolic blood pressure, vascular endothelial growth factor, pulse wave analysis systolic pressure, pulse wave analysis pulse pressure, pulse wave analysis augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and thrombomodulin. Low doses of probiotic supplementation decreased the systolic blood pressure and interleukin-6 levels. The mean changes in the estimated parameters, compared among the three groups, revealed significant differences in the vascular endothelial growth factor, the pulse wave analysis systolic pressure, the pulse wave analysis augmentation index, the pulse wave velocity, the tumor necrosis factor alpha, and thrombomodulin. The post hoc tests showed significant differences for all parameters between HD and the placebo group, and HD and LD (besides pulse wave analysis augmentation index). We show for the first time that supplementation with multispecies probiotic Ecologic® Barrier favorably modifies both functional and biochemical markers of vascular dysfunction in obese postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Szamarzewskiego Str. 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Sobieska
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28. Czerwca 1956r 135/147, 61-55 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Korybalska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Szamarzewskiego Str. 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
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Fu X, Liu Q, Zeng X, Huang S, Huang R, Gao Q. Association between Cerebral Arterial Stiffness and Large Artery Atherosclerosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:2993-3000. [PMID: 30146389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) reflects the segment (C-M segment) stiffness between common carotid artery and ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. The C-M segment atherosclerosis (CMSA) is regarded as a most frequent cause of anterior circulation ischemic stroke. We therefore, attempted to investigate the relationship between cerebral arterial stiffness and CMSA, and provide reliable data for the early diagnosis of CMSA. METHODS Between June 2012 and August 2016, 81 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with 154 C-M segments successfully evaluated with digital subtraction angiography and ccPWV were enrolled into this study. Patient demographics and clinical data were retrieved from our AIS databases. RESULTS Multivariate analyses showed that ccPWV was independently associated with CMSA (β = 39.6, P = .009) and Systolic blood pressure (β = 7.1, P < .001) in AIS patients. The values of ccPWV had a trend to be higher in the groups with more lesions (F = 45.9, P < .01) and severer stenosis (F = 102.6, P = .000), and was positively correlated with the number of lesions (r = .662, P = .000), and degree of stenosis (r = .858, P = .000) of CMSA. The fractional polynomial plots with 95% CIs also describe the close relationship between ccPWV and the number of lesions and degree of stenosis in CMSA. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral arterial stiffness is independently associated with the presence of CMSA, closely related to the vascular damage of C-M segment and reflects the vascular structure change of C-M segment in AIS patients. It may have the potential for assessment of CMSA in its initial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Fu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Qi Liu
- New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing
| | - Xianfan Zeng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Shiyan Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Ruxun Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Gao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou.
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Aciksari G, Kavas M, Atici A, Kul S, Erman H, Yilmaz Y, Demircioglu K, Yalcinkaya E, Kanbay A, Caliskan M. Endocan Levels and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Sarcoidosis. Angiology 2018; 69:878-883. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319718775283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A systemic inflammatory reaction is a common feature of both sarcoidosis and atherosclerosis. Endothelial-cell specific molecule 1 (endocan) is a marker of vascular pathology which also shows a correlation with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vascular involvement in sarcoidosis using serum endocan levels and brachial artery flow–mediated dilation (FMD), a marker of endothelial dysfunction. We included 53 patients with sarcoidosis without conventional cardiovascular risk factors and 40 healthy controls. Endothelial function was assessed using FMD. Endocan concentrations were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay. Patients with sarcoidosis had significantly higher endocan levels (306 [68] ng/mL vs 269 [73] ng/mL; P = .039) and lower FMD (2.7% [2.3%-3.2%] vs 8% [5%-13%]; P < .001) compared with the healthy group. A negative correlation was found between endocan levels and FMD in the sarcoidosis group ( r = −.325, P < .007). We conclude that sarcoidosis is associated with high levels of endocan and lower FMD values, which may indicate endothelial dysfunction and an early stage of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonul Aciksari
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kavas
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Süreyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adem Atici
- Department of Cardiology, Mus State Hospital, Mus, Turkey
| | - Seref Kul
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Erman
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yilmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Demircioglu
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Yalcinkaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Kanbay
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Caliskan
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Spurná J, Karásek D, Kubíčková V, Goldmannová D, Krystyník O, Schovánek J, Zadražil J. Relationship of Selected Adipokines with Markers of Vascular Damage in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:246-253. [PMID: 29717906 DOI: 10.1089/met.2017.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we compared levels of selected adipokines between patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy individuals and we determined their relationship with early vascular damage markers. METHODS Seventy-seven subjects: 56 patients with T2D (34 men and 22 women) and 21 healthy controls (8 men and 13 women) were examined in this cross-sectional study. Selected adipokines [adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP-9), and allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1)] with possible cardiovascular impact were measured in all participants. To identify markers of vascular damage von Willebrand factor (vWF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and arterial stiffness parameters were examined in all the subjects. RESULTS When compared with healthy controls, T2D had significantly higher levels of A-FABP [50.0 (38.1-68.6) vs. 28.6 (23.6-32.9) ng/mL, P < 0.0001] and lower levels of adiponectin [5.9 (4.3-9.0) vs. 11.3 (8.7-14.8) μg/mL, P < 0.0001]. Differences in other adipokines were not statistically significant. Adiponectin level correlated negatively with vWF levels (ρ = -0.29, P < 0.05) and PAI-1 (ρ = -0.36, P < 0.05) and A-FABP positively with vWF (ρ = 0.61, P < 0.05) and PAI-1 (ρ = 0.47, P < 0.05) and augmentation index (ρ = 0.26, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed independent association between A-FABP and vWF (b = 0.24, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with T2D have significantly higher levels of A-FABP and lower levels of adiponectin. These adipokines correlate with indicators of vascular damage and could contribute to cardiovascular risk in patients with T2D. A-FABP may participate in direct endothelium damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromíra Spurná
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Karásek
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kubíčková
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Goldmannová
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Krystyník
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Schovánek
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zadražil
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine III-Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Fountoulakis P, Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Tousoulis D. Endothelial Function. Coron Artery Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811908-2.00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gajdova J, Karasek D, Goldmannova D, Krystynik O, Schovanek J, Vaverkova H, Zadrazil J. Pulse wave analysis and diabetes mellitus. A systematic review. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2017. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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22
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Delibasi T, Karbek B, Bozkurt NC, Cakir E, Gungunes A, Ünsal ÖÖ, Aslan MS, Cakal E. Circulating E-selectin levels and insulin resistance are associated with early stages of atherosclerosis in nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2017; 59:310-7. [PMID: 26331318 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate circulating E-selectin levels in patients with nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFA) in relation to insulin resistance and early atherosclerosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 40 patients with NFA (mean [SD] age: 55.6 [10.7] years; 70% were females) and 35 controls (mean [SD] age: 51.5 [8.1] years; 71.4% were females) selected from age-, gender- and body mass index (BMI)- matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Serum hsCRP, lipid profile, insulin levels and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated. High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was performed. Serum levels of E-selectin were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Patients with NFA had significantly higher values for E-selectin (14.9 (4.8) vs. 12.2 (4.1) ng/mL, p < 0.01) and CIMT (0.6 (0.1) vs. 0.5 (0.1) mm, p < 0.05) than controls. Serum E-selectin levels showed a statistically significant association with hsCRP (r = 0.751, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.575, p < 0.001) and CIMT (r = 0.762, p < 0.001). CIMT (Carotid intima media thickness) was increased in patients with NFA patients with NFA were more insulin resistant than controls and statistically significant relationship was found between size of tumor and HOMA-IR (r = 0.361, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, based on significantly higher values for E-selectin, CIMT and HOMA-IR in patients with NFA than controls along with significant correlation of E-selectin levels to CIMT, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP, our findings seems to indicate an increased risk of early atherosclerosis and impaired endothelial function in NFA patients, particularly in case of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuncay Delibasi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
| | - Basak Karbek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gaziantep Dr. Ersin Arslan Hospital, Gaziantep, TR
| | - Nujen Colak Bozkurt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
| | - Evrim Cakir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amasya Sabuncuoglu Serefettin Hospital, Amasya, TR
| | - Askin Gungunes
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
| | - Ölknur Öztürk Ünsal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
| | - Muyesser Sayki Aslan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
| | - Erman Cakal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TR
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Yu AR, Hasjim B, Yu LE, Gabriel C, Anshus A, Lee JB, Louthan MJ, Kim EC, Lee K, Tse C, Keown T, Lahham S, Alvarado M, Bunch S, Gari A, Fox JC. Comparison of ultrasound-measured properties of the common carotid artery to tobacco smoke exposure in a cohort of Indonesian patients. World J Emerg Med 2017; 8:177-183. [PMID: 28680513 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to use point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to investigate the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and the characteristics of the common carotid artery (CCA). The effect of both primary and secondary smoking on CCA properties was evaluated. METHODS We performed a prospective cross-sectional study across 20 primary care clinics in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia in July 2016. Point of care ultrasound was performed on a convenience sample of Indonesian patients presenting to clinic. The CCA wall stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were measured during diastole and systole. These measurements were correlated with smoke exposure and cardiovascular disease. RESULTS We enrolled 663 patients in the study, with 426 patients enrolled in the smoking category and 237 patients enrolled in the second-hand smoke category. There was an overall positive correlation with the measured lifestyle factors and the ultrasound-measured variables in the group of individuals who smoked. For all variables, age seemed to contribute the most out of all of the lifestyle factors for the positive changes in CIMT and CCA wall stiffness. CONCLUSION Our data yielded correlations between CCA properties and cardiovascular risk, as well as between CIMT and arterial stiffness. We were also able to demonstrate an increase in thickness of the CIMT in patients who have been exposed by tobacco through the use of ultrasound. Further large scale studies comparing patients with multiple cardiac risk factors need to be performed to confirm the utility of ultrasound findings of cardiovascular disease and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen R Yu
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Bima Hasjim
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Luke E Yu
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | | | | | - Jonathan B Lee
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | | | - Esther C Kim
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Katrina Lee
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Christina Tse
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Thomas Keown
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Shadi Lahham
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Maili Alvarado
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Steven Bunch
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Abdulatif Gari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - J Christian Fox
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
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24
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Hu P, Wu X, Khandelwal AR, Yu W, Xu Z, Chen L, Yang J, Weisbrod RM, Lee KSS, Seta F, Hammock BD, Cohen RA, Zeng C, Tong X. Endothelial Nox4-based NADPH oxidase regulates atherosclerosis via soluble epoxide hydrolase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1382-1391. [PMID: 28185955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nox4-based NADPH oxidase is a major reactive oxygen species-generating enzyme in the vasculature, but its role in atherosclerosis remains controversial. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to investigate the mechanisms of endothelial Nox4 in regulating atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Atherosclerosis-prone conditions (disturbed blood flow, type I diabetes, and Western diet) downregulated endothelial Nox4 mRNA in arteries. To address whether the downregulated endothelial Nox4 was directly involved in the development of atherosclerosis, we generated mice carrying a human Nox4 P437H dominant negative mutation (Nox4DN), driven by the endothelial specific promoter Tie-2, on atherosclerosis-prone genetic background (ApoE deficient mice) to mimic the effect of decreased endothelial Nox4. Nox4DN significantly increased type I diabetes-induced aortic stiffness and atherosclerotic lesions. Gene analysis indicated that soluble epoxide hydrolase 2 (sEH) was significantly upregulated in Nox4DN endothelial cells (EC). Inhibition of sEH activity in Nox4DN EC suppressed inflammation and macrophage adhesion to EC. On the contrary, overexpression of endothelial wild type Nox4 suppressed sEH, ameliorated Western diet-induced atherosclerosis and decreased aortic stiffness. CONCLUSIONS Atherosclerosis-prone conditions downregulated endothelial Nox4 to accelerate the progress of atherosclerosis, at least in part, by upregulating sEH to enhance inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Hu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Alok R Khandelwal
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Weimin Yu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zaicheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Wuhan EasyDiagnosis Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Robert M Weisbrod
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richard A Cohen
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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25
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Çimen T, Efe TH, Akyel A, Sunman H, Algül E, Şahan HF, Erden G, Özdemir Ş, Alay EF, Doğan M, Yeter E. Human Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule-1 (Endocan) and Coronary Artery Disease and Microvascular Angina. Angiology 2016; 67:846-53. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319715625827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (endocan) is an immunoinflammatory marker linked to endothelial activation and dysfunction. We investigated the relationship between obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), microvascular angina (MVA), and plasma levels of endocan. We included 53 healthy individuals as controls, 40 MVA patients, and 120 patients with obstructive CAD. The severity of CAD was assessed by the Gensini and SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) scores. Endocan levels were 382.7 (313.8-470.2) pg/mL in patients with obstructive CAD; 324.3 (277.1-460.7) pg/mL in MVA group, and 268.0 (226.4-336.5) pg/mL ( P < .001) in controls. Endocan levels in obstructive CAD and MVA groups were similar but both were significantly higher than for the control group ( P < .001 and P = .002, respectively). In subgroup analysis, similar to the hypertensive subgroup results, endocan was still an independent predictor of presence of obstructive CAD in normotensives (odds ratio = 1.005, 95% confidence interval = 1.001-1.010, P = .024). There was also an independent positive correlation between endocan levels and SYNTAX score both in the hypertensives (β = 0.414, t = 3.21, P = .002) and in the normotensives (β = .301, t = 2.23, P = .031). In conclusion, endocan could be a common predictor of the endothelium-dependent inflammatory processes, rather than related with specific risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Çimen
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Han Efe
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Akyel
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamza Sunman
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Engin Algül
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haluk Furkan Şahan
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gönül Erden
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şeyda Özdemir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Figen Alay
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Doğan
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Yeter
- Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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26
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Tong X, Khandelwal AR, Wu X, Xu Z, Yu W, Chen C, Zhao W, Yang J, Qin Z, Weisbrod RM, Seta F, Ago T, Lee KSS, Hammock BD, Sadoshima J, Cohen RA, Zeng C. Pro-atherogenic role of smooth muscle Nox4-based NADPH oxidase. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 92:30-40. [PMID: 26812119 PMCID: PMC5008453 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nox4-based NADPH oxidase is a major reactive oxygen species-generating enzyme in the vasculature, but its role in atherosclerosis remains controversial. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to investigate the role of smooth muscle Nox4 in atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Atherosclerosis-prone conditions (disturbed blood flow and Western diet) increased Nox4 mRNA level in smooth muscle of arteries. To address whether upregulated smooth muscle Nox4 under atherosclerosis-prone conditions was directly involved in the development of atherosclerosis, mice carrying a human Nox4 P437H dominant negative mutation (Nox4DN), specifically in smooth muscle, were generated on a FVB/N ApoE deficient genetic background to counter the effect of increased smooth muscle Nox4. Nox4DN significantly decreased aortic stiffness and atherosclerotic lesions, with no effect on blood pressure. Gene analysis indicated that soluble epoxide hydrolase 2 (sEH) was significantly downregulated in Nox4DN smooth muscle cells (SMC), at both mRNA and protein levels. Downregulation of sEH by siRNA decreased SMC proliferation and migration, and suppressed inflammation and macrophage adhesion to SMC. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of smooth muscle Nox4 inhibits atherosclerosis by suppressing sEH, which, at least in part, accounts for inhibition of SMC proliferation, migration and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Tong
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Alok R Khandelwal
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zaicheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wanzhou Zhao
- The Nanjing Han & Zaenker Cancer Institute, OG Pharmaceuticals, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhexue Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Robert M Weisbrod
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Richard A Cohen
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Schmitt A, Carra MC, Boutouyrie P, Bouchard P. Periodontitis and arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:977-87. [PMID: 26465940 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Patients with periodontitis have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, although a causal relationship between these conditions remains unclear. Arterial stiffness is considered a marker of arteriosclerosis and a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A systematic review of the literature on clinical studies using pulse wave velocity (PWV) to assess arterial stiffness in patients with periodontitis was carried out to answer the following questions: (i) Do patients with periodontitis have impaired arterial stiffness compared to non-periodontal diseased subjects? (ii) Is periodontal treatment effective as a means to improve arterial stiffness in patients with periodontitis? LITERATURE REVIEW Literature search was done on different databases up to September 2014. All clinical studies (excluding case reports) using PWV in patients with periodontitis were retrieved for a full-text evaluation. A total of 10 studies were included. Patients with periodontitis have increased arterial stiffness compared to controls (PWV mean difference 0.85 m/s; 95% confidence interval: 0.53-1.16; p<0.00001). The only two interventional studies showed contradictory results on the effects of periodontal treatment on PWV. CONCLUSION Patients with periodontitis appear to have higher values of PWV compared to controls. The effect of periodontal treatment on arterial stiffness remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Schmitt
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- Department of Pharmacology, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.,INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France.,EA 2496, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Takaya T, Ishida T. Combination of Invasive and Non-Invasive Vascular Examinations: Usefulness from the Preemptive Aspect. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:1027-9. [PMID: 26370317 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Takaya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
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29
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Lau RG, Kumar S, Hall CE, Palaia T, Rideout DA, Hall K, Brathwaite CE, Ragolia L. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass attenuates the progression of cardiometabolic complications in obese diabetic rats via alteration in gastrointestinal hormones. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2015; 11:1044-53. [PMID: 25980330 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bar A, Skorka T, Jasinski K, Chlopicki S. MRI-based assessment of endothelial function in mice in vivo. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:765-70. [PMID: 26321279 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
While a healthy endothelium serves to maintain vascular haemostasis, a malfunctioning endothelium leads to various cardiovascular diseases, including atherothrombosis. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by increased vascular permeability, impaired endothelium-dependent responses and various pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic changes in endothelial phenotype, all of which could provide the basis for an in vivo diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction. In the present review, we briefly summarize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based methods available for assessing endothelial function in animal models, especially in mice. These methods are aimed to assess biochemical phenotype using molecular imaging, endothelium-dependent responses or changes in endothelial permeability. All these approaches provide a complementary insight into the endothelial dysfunction in vivo and may offer a unique opportunity to study endothelium-based mechanisms of diseases and endothelial response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bar
- Department of MRI, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Skorka
- Department of MRI, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jasinski
- Department of MRI, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Mitrović J, Morović-Vergles J, Horvatić I, Badžak J, Stojić M, Gamulin S. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index and carotid intima-media thickness in hypertensive rheumatoid patients: a comparative cross-sectional study. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 20:1998-2002. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joško Mitrović
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology; Department of Internal Medicine; Dubrava University Hospital; University of Zagreb School of Medicine; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Jadranka Morović-Vergles
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology; Department of Internal Medicine; Dubrava University Hospital; University of Zagreb School of Medicine; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Ivica Horvatić
- Division of Nephrology; Department of Internal Medicine; Dubrava University Hospital; University of Zagreb School of Medicine; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Jasna Badžak
- Department of Neurology; Dubrava University Hospital; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Maristela Stojić
- Department of Neurology; Dubrava University Hospital; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Stjepan Gamulin
- Department of Pathophysiology; School of Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
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Kumar S, Palaia T, Hall CE, Ragolia L. Role of Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) and its metabolite, prostaglandin D2, in preterm birth. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 118-119:28-33. [PMID: 25964109 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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33
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Karatzi K, Yannakoulia M, Psaltopoulou T, Voidonikola P, Kollias G, Sergentanis TN, Retsas T, Alevizaki M, Papamichael C, Stamatelopoulos K. Meal patterns in healthy adults: Inverse association of eating frequency with subclinical atherosclerosis indexes. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:302-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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de Oliveira DC, Correia A, Nascimento Neto J, Gurgel M, Sarinho FW, Victor EG. Association Between Ankle-Brachial Index and Coronary Lesions Assessed by Coronary Angiography. Cardiol Res 2015; 6:216-220. [PMID: 28197228 PMCID: PMC5295556 DOI: 10.14740/cr376w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive method used in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and can identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease in other arteries of the body, especially the coronary and carotid arteries. The primary objective of this study was to assess whether patients with an ABI < 0.9 have more severe coronary artery disease detected on coronary angiography compared to patients with a normal ABI. Methods This is a prospective, analytical, cross-sectional study that was performed from July 1, 2013 to June 31, 2014 that recruited 163 patients (101 men (62%) and 62 women (38%)) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All patients underwent coronary angiography, and then ABI measurements were performed. Pearson’s Chi-square and Student’s t-tests were used to compare variables between groups. The Poisson regression model was used to evaluate whether ABI was an independent predictor of stenoses > 50%. Results The prevalence of ABI < 0.9 was 9.8%. Patients with an ABI < 0.9 had a higher prevalence of stenoses ≥ 50% in the left anterior descendant (LAD) (68.7% vs. 36%, P = 0.02) and left main (8.7% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001) than those with a normal ABI. On multivariate Poisson regression, an ABI < 0.9 was an independent predictor of stenosis ≥ 50% in the LAD (odds ratio (OR): 2.05 (1.39 - 3.04), P < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with an ABI < 0.9 had a higher prevalence of stenoses ≥ 50% in the LAD and left main than those with a normal ABI. An abnormal ABI was an independent predictor of lesions ≥ 50% in LAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto Correia
- Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Myrtson Gurgel
- Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Aparci
- Department of Cardiology, Air Force Academy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zafer Isilak
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Uz
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Yalcin
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Kucuk
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Taşolar H, Taşolar S, Kurtuluş D, Altun B, Bayramoğlu A, Otlu YÖ, Ballı M, Çetin M, Altunışık N, Kapıcıoğlu Y, Pekdemir H. Increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness on transthoracic echocardiography in patients with Behçet disease. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2014; 33:1393-1400. [PMID: 25063404 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.33.8.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Owing to the fact that the potential frequency of endothelial dysfunction and early atherosclerosis might be higher in Behçet disease, characterized by acute and chronic inflammatory attacks, it may lead to impairment in flow-mediated dilatation and an increase in epicardial adipose tissue thickness. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether epicardial adipose tissue thickness and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation as markers of early atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction were associated with Behçet disease. METHODS Thirty-five patients with Behçet disease and 35 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Epicardial adipose tissue was identified as an anechoic space between epicardial layers on 2-dimensional images, and its thickness was measured on the free wall of the right ventricle. Right brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation was assessed according to recent guidelines. RESULTS Serum γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and epicardial adipose tissue thickness were significantly higher (P = .001; P < .001 respectively), whereas flow-mediated, endothelium-dependent dilatation was significantly lower in the Behçet disease group than controls (P < .001). There was a significant negative association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and flow-mediated dilatation (P < .001). Epicardial adipose tissue thickness was also positively correlated with Behçet disease activity (P< .001), Behçet disease duration (P< .001), and waist circumference (P< .001). Flow-mediated dilatation was negatively correlated with GGT (P< .001), Behçet disease activity (P< .001), and age (P< .001). There was also a significant association between GGT and Behçet disease activity (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS We found that epicardial adipose tissue thickness was significantly higher and flow-mediated dilatation was significantly lower in patients with Behçet disease than in controls. We suggest that identification of increased epicardial adipose tissue might aid in the diagnosis and treatment of possible coronary artery disease in patients with Behçet disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Taşolar
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Sevgi Taşolar
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Kurtuluş
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Burak Altun
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Adil Bayramoğlu
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Ömür Otlu
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ballı
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çetin
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nihal Altunışık
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yelda Kapıcıoğlu
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Pekdemir
- Departments of Cardiology (H.T., M.B., M.Ç.) and Radiology (S.T.), Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (D.K.); Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey (B.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (A.B., Y.Ö.O., H.P.) and Dermatology (N.A., Y.K.), Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Androulakis II, Kaltsas GA, Kollias GE, Markou AC, Gouli AK, Thomas DA, Alexandraki KI, Papamichael CM, Hadjidakis DJ, Piaditis GP. Patients with apparently nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas may be at increased cardiovascular risk due to excessive cortisol secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:2754-62. [PMID: 24712565 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors, it is not clear whether patients with nonfunctioning AI (NFAI) have increased CVR. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate CVR in patients with NFAI. DESIGN AND SETTING This case-control study was performed in a tertiary general hospital. SUBJECTS SUBJECTS included 60 normotensive euglycemic patients with AI and 32 healthy controls (C) with normal adrenal imaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All participants underwent adrenal imaging, biochemical and hormonal evaluation, and the following investigations: 1) measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and flow-mediated dilatation, 2) 2-hour 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test and calculation of insulin resistance indices (homeostasis model assessment, quantitative insulin sensitivity check, and Matsuda indices), 3) iv ACTH stimulation test, 4) low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, and 5) NaCl (0.9%) post-dexamethasone saline infusion test. RESULTS Based on cutoffs obtained from controls, autonomous cortisol secretion was documented in 26 patients (cortisol-secreting AI [CSAI] group), whereas 34 exhibited adequate cortisol and aldosterone suppression (NFAI group). IMT measurements were higher and flow-mediated vasodilatation was lower in the CSAI group compared with both NFAI and C and in the NFAI group compared with C. The homeostasis model assessment index was higher and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and Matsuda indices were lower in the CSAI and NFAI groups compared with C as well as in CSAI compared with the NFAI group. The area under the curve for cortisol after ACTH stimulation was higher in the CSAI group compared with the NFAI group and C and in the NFAI group compared with C. In the CSAI group, IMT correlated with cortisol, urinary free cortisol, and cortisol after a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, whereas in the NFAI group, IMT correlated with area under the curve for cortisol after ACTH stimulation and urinary free cortisol. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CSAI without hypertension, diabetes, and/or dyslipidemia exhibit adverse metabolic and CVR factors. In addition, NFAIs are apparently associated with increased insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction that correlate with subtle but not autonomous cortisol excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis I Androulakis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes (I.I.A., A.C.M., A.K.G., G.P.P.), General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas," and Endocrine Unit (G.A.K., D.A.T., K.I.A.), Department of Pathophysiology, National University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; Endocrine Unit (I.I.A., D.J.H.), Second Department of Internal Medicine-Propaedeutic, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; and Vascular Laboratory (G.E.K., C.M.P.), Department of Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Narverud I, Retterstøl K, Iversen PO, Halvorsen B, Ueland T, Ulven SM, Ose L, Aukrust P, Veierød MB, Holven KB. Markers of atherosclerotic development in children with familial hypercholesterolemia: A literature review. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:299-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Setiawan B, Kania N, Nugrahenny D, Nurdiana N, Widodo MA. Subchronic inhalation of particulate matter 10 coal dust induces atherosclerosis in the aorta of diabetic and nondiabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bgm.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Castellon X, Bogdanova V. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis by noninvasive methods in asymptomatic patients with risk factors. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:573-80. [PMID: 23761967 PMCID: PMC3673861 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s40150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular death due to the increasing prevalence of the disease and the impact of risk factors such as diabetes, obesity or smoking. Sudden cardiac death is the primary consequence of coronary artery disease in 50% of men and 64% of women. Currently the only available strategy to reduce mortality in the at-risk population is primary prevention; the target population must receive screening for atherosclerosis. The value of screening for subclinical atherosclerosis is still relevant, it has become standard clinical practice with the emergence of new noninvasive techniques (radio frequency [RF] measurement of intima-media thickness [RFQIMT] and arterial stiffness [RFQAS], and flow-mediated vasodilatation [FMV]), which have been used by our team since 2007 and are based on detection marker integrators which reflect the deleterious effect of risk factors on arterial remodeling before the onset of clinical events. These techniques allow the study of values according to age and diagnosis of the pathological value, the thickness of the intima media (RFQIMT), the speed of the pulse wave (RFQAS), and the degree of endothelial dysfunction (FMV). This screening is justified in asymptomatic patients with cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and tobacco smoking). Studies conducted by RF coupled with two-dimensional echo since 2007 have led to a more detailed analysis of the state of the arterial wall. The various examinations allow an assessment of the degree of subclinical atherosclerosis and its impact on arterial remodeling and endothelial function. The use of noninvasive imaging in screening and early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis is reliable and reproducible and allows us to assess the susceptibility of our patients with risk factors and ensures better monitoring of atherosclerosis, thus reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular events in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Castellon
- Department of Cardiology, Private Hospital Athis Mons, Paris, France.
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Shanker J, Setty P, Arvind P, Nair J, Bhasker D, Balakrishna G, Kakkar VV. Relationship between periodontal disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis, peripheral vascular resistance markers and coronary artery disease in Asian Indians. Thromb Res 2013; 132:e8-14. [PMID: 23706960 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A close association exists between oral health and cardiovascular disease. Periodontal disease induces early vascular changes while oral pathogens have been detected in sub gingival and atheromatous plaques. We examined the interrelationship between Periodontal disease, oral bacteria, surrogate sub-clinical markers and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a representative Asian Indian cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS 532 Gingivitis cases and 282 Periodontitis cases were assessed for early peripheral vascular changes, namely pulse wave velocity (PWV), arterial stiffness index (ASI) and ankle brachial index (ABI) using computerized oscillometry method. Relative quantitation (RQ) of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) was estimated in saliva samples of 54 Periodontitis, 25 Gingivitis and 51 CAD cases (38 also had oral disease) by Taqman assay by amplifying pathogen-specific gene targets, 16srRNA and IktA, respectively, and 16s universal bacterial rRNA as endogenous control. RESULTS PWV and ASI were elevated in Periodontitis compared to Gingivitis cases (p<0.0001) and in those with diabetes and hypertension. Cases with Periodontitis showed higher mean expression of Pg than Gingivitis (0.37±0.05 versus 0.15±0.04, p<0.0001), while CAD patients with oral disease (N=38) showed lower mean Pg expression than those without oral disease (N=13) (0.712±0.119 versus 1.526±0.257, p=0.008). Higher Pg expression was recorded in subjects with diabetes and hypertension. CONCLUSION Oral disease induces early changes in the peripheral blood vessels. Further, common presence of Pg in subjects with oral disease, in those with established cardiovascular risk factors and in patients with symptomatic CAD reflects the importance of oral hygiene in the development of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Indians.
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Chien JD, Furtado A, Cheng SC, Lam J, Schaeffer S, Chun K, Wintermark M. Demographics of carotid atherosclerotic plaque features imaged by computed tomography. J Neuroradiol 2013; 40:1-10. [PMID: 23428245 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This was a prospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate the risk factors and symptoms associated with specific carotid wall and atherosclerotic plaque features as seen on computed tomography-angiography (CTA) studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 consecutive consenting patients admitted to the emergency department with suspected cerebrovascular ischemia, and receiving standard-of-care CTA of the brain and neck on a 64-slice CT scanner, were prospectively enrolled in the study. The carotid wall features observed on CT were quantitatively analyzed with customized software using different radiodensities for contrast-phase acquisition of the carotids. Clinical datasets, including a complete medical history and examination, were obtained by research physicians or specially trained associates blinded to any findings on CT. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the degree of association between clinical indicators and quantitative CT features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. RESULTS Men tended to have increased carotid lumen (coefficient: 608.7; 95% CI: 356.9-860.6; P<0.001) and wall volumes (209.2; 54.5-364.0; P=0.008), and hypertension was associated with increased wall volume (260.6; 88.7-432.6; P=0.003). Advanced age was associated with increases in maximum wall thickness (0.02; 0.003-0.05; P=0.029), fibrous cap thickness (0.005; 0.001-0.008; P=0.016) and number of calcium voxels (2.7; 1.25-4.2; P<0.001), and the presence of a carotid bruit was associated with carotid stenosis length (21.0; 5.38-37.8; P=0.009). Exercise was inversely related to the number of calcium (-37.1; -71.5 - -2.7; P=0.035) and lipid (-7.9; -15.1 - -0.7; P=0.032) voxels. ACE inhibitor use was associated with fibrous cap thickness (0.1; 0.04-0.23; P=0.005). CONCLUSION Significant associations were found between clinical descriptors and carotid atherosclerotic plaque features as revealed by CT. Future studies are needed to validate our findings, and to continue investigations into whether CT features of carotid plaques can be used as biomarkers to quantify the impact of strategies aiming to correct vascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Chien
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Neuroradiology Section, San Francisco, USA
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Skamra C, Romero-Diaz J, Sandhu A, Huang Q, Lee J, Pearce W, McPherson DD, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Pope R, Ramsey-Goldman R. Telomere length in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and its associations with carotid plaque. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 52:1101-8. [PMID: 23382361 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate telomere length (TL) between patients with SLE and healthy controls and to test if TL is associated with carotid plaque. METHODS A pilot study of 154 patients with SLE and 152 controls was performed from the SOLVABLE (Study of Lupus Vascular and Bone Long-Term Endpoints) cohort. Demographic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) factors were collected at baseline. The presence or absence of plaque was evaluated by B-mode US. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole peripheral blood. TL was quantified using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS SLE women had a short TL compared with healthy controls (4.57 vs 5.44 kb, P = 0.03). SLE women showed shorter TL than controls across all age groups: <35 years (4.38 vs 6.37 kb), 35-44 years (4.52 vs 5.30 kb), 45-54 years (4.77 vs 5.68 kb) and ≥55 years (4.60 vs 4.71 kb). Among patients with SLE and carotid plaque there was a trend towards shorter TL at a younger age and it was significantly lower in the 35- to 44-year age group when compared with controls (P = 0.025). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated a risk of carotid plaque with older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.09; 95% CI 1.06, 1.12] but not with TL (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.97, 1.13). CONCLUSION SLE women had significantly shorter TL than controls. SLE women trended towards shorter TL at a younger age. When carotid plaque was identified, the younger SLE women had shorter TL. Only older age but not shorter TL was independently associated with carotid plaque. Additional studies are needed to confirm if TL is a novel biomarker for cardiovascular disease in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Skamra
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Augoulea A, Vrachnis N, Lambrinoudaki I, Dafopoulos K, Iliodromiti Z, Daniilidis A, Varras M, Alexandrou A, Deligeoroglou E, Creatsas G. Osteoprotegerin as a marker of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:182060. [PMID: 23401681 PMCID: PMC3562657 DOI: 10.1155/2013/182060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and has many risk factors, among which is diabetes. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble glycoprotein, involved in bone metabolism. OPG is also found in other tissues, and studies have shown that it is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells. OPG has been implicated in various inflammations and also has been linked to diabetes mellitus. Increased serum OPG levels were found in patients with diabetes and poor glycemic control. Furthermore, prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes have significantly increased OPG levels. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) is not found in the vasculature in normal conditions, but may appear in calcifying areas. OPG and RANKL are important regulators of mineral metabolism in both bone and vascular tissues. Few data are available on the relationship between plasma OPG/RANKL levels and endothelial dysfunction as assessed using noninvasive methods like ultrasound indexes, neither in the general population nor, more specifically, in diabetic patients. The aim of our review study was to investigate, based on the existing data, these interrelationships in order to identify a means of predicting, via noninvasive methods, later development of endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Augoulea
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
- Obstetric-Gynecological Unit and Research Center, Evgenideio Hospital, University of Athens, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vrachnis
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
- Obstetric-Gynecological Unit and Research Center, Evgenideio Hospital, University of Athens, 11526 Athens, Greece
- *Nikolaos Vrachnis:
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dafopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoe Iliodromiti
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Daniilidis
- 2nd University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hippokratio General Hospital, University of Thessaloniki Medical School, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Varras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General District Hospital “Helena Venizelou”, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Alexandrou
- 1st Department of Surgery, University of Athens Medical School, Laiko Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Deligeoroglou
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - George Creatsas
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaeio Hospital, 11526 Athens, Greece
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Eren MA, Vural M, Cece H, Camuzcuoglu H, Yildiz S, Toy H, Aksoy N. Association of serum amyloid A with subclinical atherosclerosis in women with gestational diabetes. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012; 28:1010-3. [PMID: 22827403 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2012.705371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase reactant, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a valid predictor of atherosclerosis in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Serum samples from 39 pregnant women with GDM and 25 healthy pregnant women were collected for the analysis of SAA. CIMT was measured in both groups to evaluate future atherosclerotic heart disease risk. The SAA level was measured with ELISA. The mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), CIMT and SAA levels were significantly higher in women with GDM compared with healthy pregnant controls (p = 0.033, p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). There were significant correlations between SAA and age, BMI, MABP, 50-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and A1c (p = 0.048, p = 0.037, p = 0.035, p = 0.042 and p = 0.048, respectively) and between CIMT and BMI, MABP, and 50-g OGTT, (p = 0.001, p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively) in correlation analysis. Furthermore, there was a correlation between SAA and CIMT (p = 0.048). Increased SAA and CIMT values in GDM compared with healthy controls might indicate an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis and future atherosclerotic heart disease and the importance of inflammation in this process. These changes were associated with obesity, hypertension and glucose intolerance-related factors (BMI, MABP, and 50-g OGTT), which may be relevant to GDM pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Eren
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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Dubern B, Lafarge JC, Fellahi S, Naour N, Copin N, Bastard JP, Simon C, Clément K, Bonnet D, Tounian P, Guerre-Millo M. Relevance of increased serum cystatin C to vascular alterations in obese children. Pediatr Obes 2012; 7:374-81. [PMID: 22653843 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiological studies report a positive relationship between serum cystatin C and cardiovascular outcomes in adults. Here, we tested the relevance of cystatin C as a biomarker for early vascular alterations in severely obese children. METHODS Two hundred nineteen obese (140 girls; age = 11.7 ± 2.7 years, BMI Z-score = 4.7 ± 1.2 SD) and 262 non-obese children (129 girls; age = 11.6 ± 0.6 years, body mass index [BMI] Z-score = 0.1 ± 1.0 SD). Serum cystatin C was measured by immunonephelometry. Intima media thickness (IMT), incremental elastic modulus, and flow-mediated and glyceryl-trinitrate-mediated dilations were determined at the common carotid artery and the brachial artery in obese children. RESULTS Obese children had significantly higher serum cystatin C than normal weight controls (0.86 ± 0.01 vs. 0.80 ± 0.01, P < 0.0001). In obese children, serum cystatin C correlates positively with BMI and the homeostasis model assessment index and negatively with the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and adiponectin. A positive relationship was found between serum cystatin C and carotid IMT (r = 0.23, P = 0.0005), which remained significant in multivariate models adjusted for BMI (P = 0.01) and adiponectin with a trend towards significance (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION This study positions cystatin C and adiponectin as covariables associated with arterial wall thickness in obese children. Although the underlying pathophysiology linking cystatin C to early vascular disease remains to be deciphered, cystatin C may represent a novel adipose tissue-derived biomarker implicated in obesity-related comorbidities early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dubern
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France; INSERM, Paris, France
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Early vascular alterations in SLE and RA patients--a step towards understanding the associated cardiovascular risk. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44668. [PMID: 22962622 PMCID: PMC3433444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerated atherosclerosis represents a major problem in both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and endothelial damage is a key feature of atherogenesis. We aimed to assess early endothelial changes in SLE and RA female patients (127 SLE and 107 RA) without previous CV events. Biomarkers of endothelial cell activation (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue factor (TF)) were measured and endothelial function was assessed using peripheral artery tonometry. Reactive hyperemia index (RHI), an indicator of microvascular reactivity, and augmentation index (AIx), a measure of arterial stiffness, were obtained. In addition, traditional CV risk factors, disease activity and medication were determined. Women with SLE displayed higher sICAM-1 and TM and lower TF levels than women with RA (p = 0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). These differences remained significant after controlling for CV risk factors and medication. Serum levels of vascular biomarkers were increased in active disease and a moderate correlation was observed between sVCAM-1 levels and lupus disease activity (rho = 0.246) and between TF levels and RA disease activity (rho = 0.301). Although RHI was similar across the groups, AIx was higher in lupus as compared to RA (p = 0.04). Also in active SLE, a trend towards poorer vasodilation was observed (p = 0.06). In conclusion, women with SLE and RA present with distinct patterns of endothelial cell activation biomarkers not explained by differences in traditional CV risk factors. Early vascular alterations are more pronounced in SLE which is in line with the higher CV risk of these patients.
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Comparative in vivo and in vitro postmortem ultrasound assessment of intima-media thickness with additional histological analysis in human carotid arteries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.permed.2012.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yang JY, Nam JS, Choi HJ. Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with arterial stiffness in healthy Korean adults. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1419-23. [PMID: 22687645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of preclinical arterial dysfunction may improve the ability to predict the subsequent risk of its outcomes and lead to optimal strategies to prevent overt vascular damage. The aim of this study was to investigate whether high high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is associated with increased arterial stiffness in Korean adults. METHODS The association between the hsCRP and cardiac-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was evaluated in 1347 healthy adults. Multivariate logistic analyses were done to identify the association of the hsCRP levels and high CAVI (≥ 8.0). RESULTS The age and gender adjusted mean values of the CAVI were significantly higher in the intermediate and high hsCRP groups than in the low hsCRP group. For all the study subjects, an intermediate and high hsCRP was associated with a high CAVI after adjusting for covariates. However, this association was observed only in female subjects in gender-specific analyses and did not change after further adjustment for other variables. CONCLUSIONS Even within the normal range, a high hsCRP level was a predictor of high CAVI in healthy adult females. This finding suggests that the risk of arteriosclerosis may be high in females whose hsCRP level is > 0.1mg/dl even in low-risk females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yoon Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, 1306 Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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Lunder M, Janic M, Kejzar N, Sabovic M. Associations among different functional and structural arterial wall properties and their relations to traditional cardiovascular risk factors in healthy subjects: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2012; 12:29. [PMID: 22533480 PMCID: PMC3411488 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-12-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The arterial wall possesses several functional and structural properties that define arterial health. Once they become impaired, cardiovascular risk increases. We aimed to ascertain the pattern of correlations among different arterial wall properties and to explore their relations to traditional risk factors and cardiovascular risk stratification. To allow such an investigation a middle-aged healthy population was recruited. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 100 healthy males (aged 41.9 ± 6.4 years). Pulse wave velocity (PWV), β-stiffness and intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were measured by a standardized ultrasound approach. RESULTS No correlation between FMD and IMT was found; only relatively poor correlations between PWV (or β-stiffness) and FMD existed, as well as between PWV (or β-stiffness) and IMT. PWV and β-stiffness highly correlated. Unexpectedly, only weak associations between PWV, β-stiffness, FMD, IMT and traditional risk factors were revealed. Hence, traditional risk factors (mainly age) explained only 10-50% of variability for PWV, β-stiffness, FMD and IMT. Although the subjects had low cardiovascular risk according to their Framingham score, their arterial wall properties were already impaired, particularly FMD. CONCLUSIONS In healthy middle-age males we found: i) absent or poor correlations among arterial stiffness, IMT and endothelial function; ii) a low impact of traditional risk factors on the studied variables, and iii) the presence of impaired arterial wall properties despite low calculated cardiovascular risk. These results provide a deepened understanding of arterial wall properties and could help to improve cardiovascular risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Lunder
- Department of Vascular Disease, University of Ljubljana Medical Centre, Zaloška 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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