1
|
Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, Buzas EI, Blenkiron C, Bussolati B, Cai H, Di Vizio D, Driedonks TAP, Erdbrügger U, Falcon‐Perez JM, Fu Q, Hill AF, Lenassi M, Lim SK, Mahoney MG, Mohanty S, Möller A, Nieuwland R, Ochiya T, Sahoo S, Torrecilhas AC, Zheng L, Zijlstra A, Abuelreich S, Bagabas R, Bergese P, Bridges EM, Brucale M, Burger D, Carney RP, Cocucci E, Colombo F, Crescitelli R, Hanser E, Harris AL, Haughey NJ, Hendrix A, Ivanov AR, Jovanovic‐Talisman T, Kruh‐Garcia NA, Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino V, Kyburz D, Lässer C, Lennon KM, Lötvall J, Maddox AL, Martens‐Uzunova ES, Mizenko RR, Newman LA, Ridolfi A, Rohde E, Rojalin T, Rowland A, Saftics A, Sandau US, Saugstad JA, Shekari F, Swift S, Ter‐Ovanesyan D, Tosar JP, Useckaite Z, Valle F, Varga Z, van der Pol E, van Herwijnen MJC, Wauben MHM, Wehman AM, Williams S, Zendrini A, Zimmerman AJ, MISEV Consortium, Théry C, Witwer KW. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12404. [PMID: 38326288 PMCID: PMC10850029 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of PathologyNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah C. I. Goberdhan
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive HealthUniversity of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity St. James's Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Edit I. Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HCEMM‐SU Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tom A. P. Driedonks
- Department CDL ResearchUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- University of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Juan M. Falcon‐Perez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | - Qing‐Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andrew F. Hill
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd.SingaporeSingapore
- Department of Surgery, YLL School of MedicineNational University SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Mỹ G. Mahoney
- Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell FacilityAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong S.A.R.
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Susmita Sahoo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ana C. Torrecilhas
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Campus DiademaDiademaBrazil
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of PathologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- GenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Abuelreich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Reem Bagabas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
- National Center for Gene Therapy and Drugs based on RNA TechnologyPaduaItaly
| | - Esther M. Bridges
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Marco Brucale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Dylan Burger
- Kidney Research CentreOttawa Hopsital Research InstituteOttawaCanada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Federico Colombo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Edveena Hanser
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | | | - Norman J. Haughey
- Departments of Neurology and PsychiatryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tijana Jovanovic‐Talisman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nicole A. Kruh‐Garcia
- Bio‐pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Academic Resource Center (BioMARC)Infectious Disease Research Center, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Vroniqa Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Diego Kyburz
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of RheumatologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kathleen M. Lennon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Adam L. Maddox
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elena S. Martens‐Uzunova
- Erasmus MC Cancer InstituteUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of UrologyRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel R. Mizenko
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lauren A. Newman
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Rohde
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University HospitalSalzburger Landeskliniken GmbH of Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- GMP Unit, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Transfer Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Theralytic Technologies, EV‐TTSalzburgAustria
| | - Tatu Rojalin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Expansion Therapeutics, Structural Biology and BiophysicsJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Andrew Rowland
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andras Saftics
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ursula S. Sandau
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Julie A. Saugstad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Celer DiagnosticsTorontoCanada
| | - Simon Swift
- Waipapa Taumata Rau University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Dmitry Ter‐Ovanesyan
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired EngineeringHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Juan P. Tosar
- Universidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
- Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideoUruguay
| | - Zivile Useckaite
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Francesco Valle
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Biological Nanochemistry Research GroupInstitute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation BiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. C. van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marca H. M. Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrea Zendrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
| | - Alan J. Zimmerman
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932PSL UniversityParisFrance
- CurieCoreTech Extracellular Vesicles, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- EV Core Facility “EXCEL”, Institute for Basic Biomedical SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amiel T, Shauly O, Istoyler EG, Alterman M, Keshet N, Mazor S, Pikovsky A, Aframian DJ, Joskowicz L, Nadler C. The anatomical pattern of ductal arborization in parotid glands using cone-beam computerized sialography. Clin Anat 2024. [PMID: 38270271 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Sialography (Sialo-CBCT) is used to demonstrate salivary ductal structure. This study aimed to conduct a volumetric analysis of the anatomical morphology of Normal-Appearing Glands (NAGs) in parotid sialo-CBCT. Our retrospective study included 14 parotid sialo-CBCT scans interpreted as NAGs in 11 patients with salivary gland impairment. The main duct length and width, as well as number and width of secondary and tertiary ducts were manually evaluated. We found that the main parotid duct showed an average width of 1.39 mm, 1.15 mm, and 0.98 mm, for the proximal, middle and distal thirds, respectively. The arborization pattern showed approximately 20% more tertiary (average number 11.1 ± 2.7) than secondary ducts (average number 9.0 ± 2.4) and approximately 8% narrower tertiary ducts (average width 0.65 ± 0.11 mm) compared to the secondary ducts (average width 0.77 ± 0.14 mm). Our anatomical analysis of NAGs in parotid sialo-CBCT demonstrated progressive narrowing of the main duct and increasing arborization and decreasing lumen size starting from the primary to the tertiary ducts. This is the most updated study regarding the anatomy of the parotid glands as demonstrated in sialo-CBCT. Our results may provide clinicians with the basic information for understanding aberration from normal morphology, as seen in salivary gland pathologies as well facilitate planning of treatment strategies, such as minimally invasive sialo-endoscopies, commonly practiced today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tevel Amiel
- Oral Maxillofacial Imaging, Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Imaging, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oren Shauly
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ella Gilenson Istoyler
- Oral Maxillofacial Imaging, Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Imaging, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Alterman
- Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Naama Keshet
- Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Imaging, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sigal Mazor
- Community Dentistry Department, Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Anna Pikovsky
- Oral Medicine Unit, Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Doron J Aframian
- Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Imaging, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Leo Joskowicz
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chen Nadler
- Oral Maxillofacial Imaging, Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Imaging, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Estefan J, Ferreira DDC, Cavalcante FS, dos Santos KRN, Ribeiro M. Investigation of possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and salivary biomarkers, stress, and sleep disorders. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3958-3966. [PMID: 37388791 PMCID: PMC10303611 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i17.3958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial inflammatory disease with genetic, environmental, and immunological characteristics. The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by AD, which triggers stress, described as one of the factors that worsens AD. Salivary biomarkers such as cortisol, alpha-amylase, chromogranin A, and melatonin have been associated with stress and sleep disturbances. Therefore, the evaluation of stress and sleep disorders using salivary biomarkers in AD patients is important. This review aims to describe the possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and stress, sleep disorders, and salivary biomarkers, seeking to contribute to better understanding and clinical management of AD. This descriptive study is characterized as a narrative literature review. A literature search was conducted of studies published in English and Portuguese between January 2012 and October 2022 that are available in electronic media from various databases, such as Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, and PubMed. AD is associated with different degrees of impact on the lives of individuals who present with the disease. Psychological stress may induce changes in saliva composition and worsen AD; at the same time, the severity of the disease may be associated with emotional impact. Further studies are needed to assess and correlate AD severity, stress, and sleep disturbances with salivary biomarkers in order to better understand this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliany Estefan
- Dermatologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
| | - Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira
- Faculdade de Enfermagem, Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sampaio Cavalcante
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro 27930-560, Brazil
| | - Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
| | - Marcia Ribeiro
- Genética médica, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grigoropoulou M, Attilakos A, Charalampopoulos A, Fessatou S, Vamvakas E, Dimopoulou A, Zavras N. Measuring Children's Stress via Saliva in Surgical and Endoscopic Procedures and Its Measurement Intention in the Community: Reality-Future Prospects. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050853. [PMID: 37238401 DOI: 10.3390/children10050853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Children who undergo surgical or endoscopic procedures display high levels of stress, and various means are applied to reduce their anxiety. Salivary cortisol (S Cortisol) and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) are often used as a valid biomarker of stress. The primary purpose of the study was the investigation of stress levels through S Cortisol and S amylase after intervention in surgical or endoscopic procedures (gastroscopy-colonoscopy). The secondary outcomes were the investigation of the intention to adopt new methods of saliva sampling. We collected saliva samples from children subjected to invasive medical procedures, with the aim of applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as an intervention means to provide information and education to both parents and children undergoing stressful situations, and assess its efficacy in reducing stress levels. We also aimed at acquiring a better understanding of the acceptability of noninvasive biomarker collection in community settings. (2) Methods: The sample of this prospective study comprised 81 children who underwent surgical or endoscopic procedures at the Attikon General University Hospital, Athens, Greece and 90 parents. The sample was divided into two groups. The first, 'Group Unexplained', was not provided any information or education about the procedures, while the second, 'Group Explained', was informed and educated based on TPB. Thereafter, 8-10 weeks after intervention, the Theory of Planned Behavior questions were re-completed by the 'Group Explained'. (3) Results: Significant differences were detected in cortisol and amylase values between the two groups postoperatively after applying the TPB intervention. Saliva cortisol was reduced by 8.09 ng/mL in the 'Group Explained' while in the 'Group Unexplained' it was reduced by 4.45 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Salivary amylase values decreased by 9.69 ng/mL in the 'Group Explained' after the intervention phase of the study, while in the 'Group Unexplained' they increased by 35.04 ng/mL (p < 0.001). The regression explains 40.3% (baseline) and 28.5% (follow-up) of parental intention. The predictive factor of parental intention (baseline) is attitude (p < 0.001) and follow-up is behavioral control (p < 0.028) and attitude (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Providing proper education and information for parents has a positive effect on reducing children's stress levels. Changing parental attitudes towards saliva collection plays the most important role, since a positive attitude can influence intention and ultimately participation in these procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Achilleas Attilakos
- Department of Pediatrics, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Anestis Charalampopoulos
- Department of Surgery, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Fessatou
- Department of Pediatrics, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Vamvakas
- Second Critical Care Department, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Dimopoulou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zavras
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eldomiaty MA, A Hassan Z, Halawa AM, Elnajar AM, Almohamadi N. Structural changes and neurotrophic factors upregulation in submandibular gland in a rat model of depression: proposed correlation with stress indicators during and after the relief of depression. Anat Sci Int 2023; 98:185-195. [PMID: 36181656 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-022-00686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the structural changes, the immunohistochemical and gene expression of neurotrophic factors in submandibular gland in a rat model of depression, and their correlation with depression parameters during and after relief of depression by voluntary running. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into control, control-exercise, depression, and depression-exercise groups. Depression was induced using forced swimming protocol, while the relief of depression was induced using the rat voluntary running wheels. The depressive state of rats was evaluated by measuring the immobility duration and the serum corticosterone level. The immune expression was evaluated by measuring the optical densities (ODs) using ImageJ software, and the gene expression levels were investigated. In the depression group, the convoluted ducts appeared dilated with numerous secretory granules. The number of PCNA-stained cells was significantly decreased in the depression group as compared to control group and then significantly increased in the depression-exercise group when compared to the depression group with a negative correlation to stress indicator. The ODs of immuno-expression for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased significantly in the depression group as compared to control group. Both BDNF and VEGF immuno-expression displayed positive correlation with the stress indicators. Both BDNF and VEGF gene expression results confirmed their immunohistochemical results. The findings of this study explored the role of submandibular gland in secreting neurotrophic factors and raise a flag for the possibility of using salivary secretions as dependable and easy parameter for estimation of chronic stressed patients.Mini AbstractThe submandibular gland neurotrophic factors immuno-expression can be used in estimating chronic depressive disorders as they are correlated with stress indicators during and after the relief of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda A Eldomiaty
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Rayan Medical Colleges, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Zeinab A Hassan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Cell Biology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal M Halawa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Nawal Almohamadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiong J, Gao J, Pang Y, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Sun Y. Dexmedetomidine premedication increases preoperative sedation and inhibits stress induced by tracheal intubation in adult: a prospective randomized double-blind clinical study. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:398. [PMID: 36544098 PMCID: PMC9768986 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective randomized double-blind study is to evaluate whether oral dexmedetomidine (DEX) premedication could increase sedation in order to reduce preoperative anxiety and inhibit stress response during general anesthesia tracheal intubation. MATERIALS A total of 100 ASA I and II adult patients undergoing elective neurosurgery were randomly divided into the control group (C group, n = 50) and the oral DEX premedication (DEX group, n = 50). Patients were administrated 4 μg/kg dexmedetomidine orally pre-anesthesia 120 min. Hemodynamic variables were monitored and recorded from premedication to 10 min after tracheal intubation. The primary outcome, the sedation level of all participants, was evaluated by Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), and Numerical Rating Scale was to measure their intensity of thirst and satisfaction of patients' family members. During general anesthesia induction, the total dosage of induction anesthetics and complications relative to anesthesia induction were recorded. After tracheal intubation, blood sample was drain from radial atrial line to measure levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol. RESULTS RASS scores at 60 min after premedication and on arrival in the operating room were significantly reduced in the DEX group (P < 0.001). Oral DEX premedication not only increased the intensity of thirst but also the satisfaction of their family members (P < 0.001). The cortisol level after tracheal intubation was deduced by oral DEX premedication (P < 0.05). Oral DEX premedication reduced heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) on arrival in the operating room, and HR when tracheal intubation (P < 0.05). During the whole process of anesthesia induction, although the lowest MAP in two groups were not significantly different, the lowest HR was significantly lower in the DEX group (P < 0.05). Oral DEX premedication might reduce HR from premedication to 10 min after tracheal intubation. However MAP was reduced just from premedication to on arrival in the operating room. Total induction dosages of propofol, midazolam, sulfentanil and rocuronium were similar in two groups (P > 0.05), as well as the complications relative to anesthesia induction and cases of rescue dopamine therapy were similar (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Oral DEX 4 μg/kg premedication was an efficient intervention to increase preoperative sedation and reduce stress reaction induced by general anesthesia tracheal intubation, but also it was with the stable hemodynamic during the process of general anesthesia tracheal intubation, and improved the satisfaction of patients' family members. In this study, the sparing-anesthetic effect of 4 μg/kg DEX oral premedication was not significant, and this would be needed to study in future. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trail was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( https://www.chictr.org.cn , Jie Gao) on 15/04/2021, registration number was ChiCTR2100045458.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiong
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jie Gao
- grid.414902.a0000 0004 1771 3912Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650032 China
| | - Yanan Pang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50 Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Yafen Zhou
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50 Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Yongxing Sun
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50 Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Psychological stress: neuroimmune roles in periodontal disease. Odontology 2022:10.1007/s10266-022-00768-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Santos MSD, Thomaz FDM, Jomar RT, Abreu AMM, Taets GGDCC. Music in the relief of stress and distress in cancer patients. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20190838. [PMID: 34037140 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate the effects of music on the physiological stress and distress of cancer patients being treated in a hospital. METHODS quasi-experimental study carried out with cancer patients hospitalized in the nursing wards of a public hospital. There was a single 15-minute intervention using music. It was individual, and headphones were used for patients to listen to three songs chosen by each one. The levels of stress and distress were measured before and after the intervention, using music to analyze the cortisol in the saliva and the answers to the distress thermometer. The significance level of the statistical analysis was 5%, using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. RESULTS the mean age of the 26 patients was 56 years old. Most were female, white, and had breast cancer. After intervention, there were statistically significant diminutions in both stress and distress - p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS the use of music diminishes the stress and the distress of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael Tavares Jomar
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kanchibhotla D, Ingole S, Kulkarni S, Saisudha B. Impact of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga on Salivary pH: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Complement Med Res 2021; 28:478-481. [PMID: 33735857 DOI: 10.1159/000515139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Saliva is increasingly used as a diagnostic tool as it is non-invasive, easily accessible, and less stressful compared to blood sampling. Saliva has a vital role in maintaining oral health. It is necessary for the salivary pH to be neutral in the oral cavity for the optimal functioning of its components. Stress has an effect on salivary pH. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of a mind-body intervention like Sudarshan Kriya yoga (SKY) on the salivary pH. METHODS AND MATERIALS An exploratory pilot study involving an open trial on 321 healthy individuals who were novice to SKY was conducted. The salivary pH was measured before and after a single 90-min session of SKY. RESULTS The salivary pH continued to be neutral after the intervention in the group that had initial neutral pH. There was a statistically significant shift of pH towards neutral in both the groups that had either acidic or alkaline pH initially. CONCLUSION Mind-body interventions like SKY modulate the salivary pH to bring it to the range of optimal functioning. This pilot study provides information for future long-term studies that can be implemented with measures of anxiety and stress along with measuring other salivary biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumeet Ingole
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kerémi B, Márta K, Farkas K, Czumbel LM, Tóth B, Szakács Z, Csupor D, Czimmer J, Rumbus Z, Révész P, Németh A, Gerber G, Hegyi P, Varga G. Effects of Chlorine Dioxide on Oral Hygiene - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:3015-3025. [PMID: 32410557 PMCID: PMC8383470 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200515134450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Effective and selective oral rinses are required in the daily medical and dental practice. Currently mouthwashes used have substantial side effects. Objectives Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of chlorine dioxide-containing mouthwashes in comparison with other previously established mouth rinses in healthy adults using oral hygiene indices. Methods This work was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018099059) and carried out using multiple databases and reported according to the PRISMA statement. The search terms used were “chlorine dioxide” AND “oral”, and only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The primary outcome was the alteration of the plaque index (PI), while the secondary outcomes were the gingival index (GI) and bacterial counts. For the risk of bias assessment, the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used. Statistical analysis for data heterogeneity was performed by Q-value and I2-tests. Results 364 articles were found in the databases. After the selection process, only five RCTs were eligible for meta-analysis. Data heterogeneity was low. There were no statistical differences in effectiveness between chlorine dioxide and other effective mouth rinses in PI (0.720±0.119 vs 0.745±0.131; 95%; confidence intervals (CIs): 0.487-0.952 vs 0.489-1.001, respectively) and GI (0.712±0.130 vs 0.745±0.131; 95% CIs: 0.457–0.967 vs 0.489–1.001, respectively) and also in bacterial counts. Conclusion Chlorine dioxide reduces both plaque and gingival indices and bacterial counts in the oral cavity similar to other routinely used oral rinses, however, the evidence supporting this outcome is very limited. Therefore, further large scale RCTs are needed to decrease the risk of bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Kerémi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Márta
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary,Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - László M Czumbel
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakács
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Czimmer
- Division of Gastroenterology, First Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Rumbus
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Péter Révész
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Németh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gerber
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marcet-Palacios M, Reyes-Serratos E, Gonshor A, Buck R, Lacy P, Befus AD. Structural and posttranslational analysis of human calcium-binding protein, spermatid-associated 1. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4945-4958. [PMID: 32692864 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we detected a novel biomarker in human saliva called calcium-binding protein, spermatid-associated 1 (CABS1). CABS1 protein had previously been described only in testis, and little was known of its characteristics other than it was considered a structurally disordered protein. Levels of human CABS1 (hCABS1) in saliva correlate with stress, whereas smaller sized forms of hCABS1 in saliva are associated with resilience to stress. Interestingly, hCABS1 also has an anti-inflammatory peptide sequence near its carboxyl terminus, similar to that of a rat prohormone, submandibular rat 1. We performed phylogenetic and sequence analysis of hCABS1. We found that from 72 CABS1 sequences currently annotated in the National Center for Biotechnology Information protein database, only 14 contain the anti-inflammatory domain "TxIFELL," all of which are primates. We performed structural unfoldability analysis using PONDER and FoldIndex and discovered three domains that are highly disordered. Predictions of three-dimensional structure of hCABS1 using RaptorX, IonCom, and I-TASSER software agreed with these findings. Predicted neutrophil elastase cleavage density also correlated with hCABS1 regions of high structural disorder. Ligand binding prediction identified Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Zn2+ , leucine, and thiamine pyrophosphate, a pattern observed in enzymes associated with energy metabolism and mitochondrial localization. These new observations on hCABS1 raise intriguing questions about the interconnection between the autonomic nervous system, stress, and the immune system. However, the precise molecular mechanisms involved in the complex biology of hCABS1 remain unclear. We provide a detailed in silico analysis of relevant aspects of the structure and function of hCABS1 and postulate extracellular and intracellular roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Marcet-Palacios
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, Biological Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eduardo Reyes-Serratos
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Robert Buck
- Fluids iQ Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- GB Diagnostics, Kingman, Arizona
| | - Paige Lacy
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A D Befus
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bidirectional relationships between sleep and biomarkers of stress and immunity in youth. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 158:331-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Lai T, Xiang F, Zeng J, Huang Y, Jia L, Chen H, Wu J, Xie J, Liu S, Deng W, Zheng W, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Luo Q, Mo F, Long L, Zhang W, Chen W, Han H. Reliability of induced sputum test is greater than that of throat swab test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19: A multi-center cross-sectional study. Virulence 2020; 11:1394-1401. [PMID: 33073676 PMCID: PMC7575004 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1831342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that sputum induction was more sensitive than throat swabs for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in two convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients; however, the value and safety of induced sputum testing require further study. We conducted a prospective multi-center cross-sectional study to compare induced sputum to throat swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Confirmed COVID-19 patients from six hospitals in six cities across China who received one or more negative RT-PCR result for SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled, and paired specimens (induced sputum and throat swabs; 56 cases) were assayed. In three paired samples, both the induced sputum and throat swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The positive rate for induced sputum was significantly higher than for throat swabs both overall (28.6% vs 5.4%, respectively; p < 0.01). Patients were divided according to time span from onset of illness to sample collection into the more-than-30-day (n = 26) and less-than-30-day (n = 30) groups. The positive rate for induced sputum was also significantly higher than for throat swabs in the less-than-30-day group (53.3% vs 10.0%, respectively; p < 0.001). For the more-than-30-day group, all paired samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate remained stable during sputum induction and no staff were infected. Because induced sputum is more reliable and has a lower false-negative rate than throat swabs, we believe induced sputum is more useful for the confirmation of COVID-19 and is safer as a criterion for release from quarantine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Lai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfei Xiang
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingzi Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huanggang Central Hospital , Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayuan Wu
- Department of Clinical Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuna Liu
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Zheng
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinfu Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingfeng Luo
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Mo
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lieming Long
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wuying Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenna Chen
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanqin Han
- Infectious Diseases Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University , Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Czumbel LM, Kiss S, Farkas N, Mandel I, Hegyi A, Nagy Á, Lohinai Z, Szakács Z, Hegyi P, Steward MC, Varga G. Saliva as a Candidate for COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:465. [PMID: 32903849 PMCID: PMC7438940 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a serious and potentially deadly disease. Early diagnosis of infected individuals will play an important role in stopping its further escalation. The present gold standard for sampling is the nasopharyngeal swab method. However, several recent papers suggested that saliva-based testing is a promising alternative that could simplify and accelerate COVID-19 diagnosis. Objectives: Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis on the reliability and consistency of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA detection in saliva specimens. Methods: We have reported our meta-analysis according to the Cochrane Handbook. We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and clinical trial registries for eligible studies published between 1 January and 25 April 2020. The number of positive tests and the total number of tests conducted were collected as raw data. The proportion of positive tests in the pooled data were calculated by score confidence-interval estimation with the Freeman-Tukey transformation. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 measure and the χ2-test. Results: The systematic search revealed 96 records after removal of duplicates. Twenty-six records were included for qualitative analysis and 5 records for quantitative synthesis. We found 91% (CI 80-99%) sensitivity for saliva tests and 98% (CI 89-100%) sensitivity for nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) tests in previously confirmed COVID-19 patients, with moderate heterogeneity among the studies. Additionally, we identified 18 registered, ongoing clinical trials of saliva-based tests for detection of the virus. Conclusion: Saliva tests offer a promising alternative to NPS for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, further diagnostic accuracy studies are needed to improve their specificity and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Márk Czumbel
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kiss
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nelli Farkas
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Iván Mandel
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Hegyi
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Nagy
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Lohinai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakács
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Martin C. Steward
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hirasawa Y, Shirasu M, Okamoto M, Touhara K. Subjective unpleasantness of malodors induces a stress response. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:206-215. [PMID: 31003137 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Unpleasant odors impair our mood and may affect physical health, even when the odorants are not toxic. A possible cause for such negative effects is stress induced by odors; however, whether the unpleasantness itself elicited stress or not has not been clear. Thus, we examined whether unpleasantness of odors induced the stress responses of emotion, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Six experiments were conducted, where salivary cortisol or salivary alpha amylase (sAA), markers for activities of the HPA and the SNS, respectively, were measured, along with subjective ratings of odors and emotion. First, the responses to three malodors listed in the Offensive Odor Control Law in Japan were examined. While these odors were rated as unpleasant, and exposure to them increased anxiety, no response of the HPA was observed (experiment 1, n = 69). In contrast, an increase of the SNS activity was observed after exposure to two of the three malodors, while the SNS did not respond to pleasant odors (experiments 2-4, n = 35, 34 and 30). To examine the effect of unpleasantness further, the SNS response was examined while subjective unpleasantness of odors was manipulated by adding negative verbal information (experiment 5, n = 92), or by mixing in a pleasant odor (experiment 6, n = 35). The SNS responses upon inhalation of the same odorous substances were found to be dependent on whether they were perceived as unpleasant. Finally, a correlation analysis on the pooled data from experiments 2-6 showed that the odor-elicited SNS activity and anxiety were strongly correlated with perceived unpleasantness of odors. These results suggest that subjective unpleasantness of odors per se can induce the stress response of emotion and the SNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukei Hirasawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Mika Shirasu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masako Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dziembowska I, Wójcik M, Hołyńska-Iwan I, Litwic-Kaminska K, Słomka A, Żekanowska E. Female Volleyball Players Are More Prone to Cortisol Anticipatory Stress Response than Sedentary Women. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:medicina55060258. [PMID: 31181812 PMCID: PMC6631902 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Top-level sports performance places heavy physical and psychological demands on elite-level athletes, which can be a source of increased levels of stress. Therefore, high-level volleyball players may present altered cardiovascular and endocrinological stress response during stressful events. Although many previous studies have examined the response to stress on athletes, most of them regarded only males, while the impact of the female menstrual cycle has rarely been taken into account. We aimed to study psychophysiological response to anticipatory stressor through analysis of heart rate, self-reported anxiety level, and salivary cortisol in healthy young female athletes by minimalizing the effect of confounders. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 females (25 members of the best league for female volleyball players in Poland and 30 sedentary-lifestyle control subjects) in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle were exposed to mental arithmetic tasks as an experimental imitation of the stressor. Volleyball players were significantly taller than sedentary individuals (177.1 ± 3.4 cm vs. 173.3 ± 3.4 cm, respectively, p = 0.034), but did not differ in weight (73.6 ± 5.2 kg vs. 70 ± 4.23 kg, respectively, p = 0.081), body mass index (BMI) (23.5 ± 1.13 vs. 24.1 ± 1.45, respectively, p = 0.060), and age (22 ± 1.11 vs. 23 ± 1.14 years, respectively, p = 0.2). Their stress responses were assessed through self-reported anxiety levels and physiological measurements of salivary cortisol concentrations and heart rate (HR). Results: For HR, significant effects of time (F(2,120) = 21.34, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.26) were found, but not for training status (F(1,60) = 2.69, p = 0.106, η2 = 0.04). For cortisol levels, the analysis showed the main effects of time (F(3,180) = 11.73, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.16) and training status (F(1,60) = 4.69, p = 0.034, η2 = 0.07) and a significant interaction between training status and time (F(3,180) = 3.07, p = 0.029, η2 = 0.05). Post-hoc analyses showed higher cortisol concentrations among volleyball players following the math task (all p < 0.001), as well as higher cortisol concentrations in S2, S3, and S4 compared to S1 in volleyball players (all p < 0.001). We observed also a significant increase in state anxiety in both groups (all p < 0.001), but no differences in state anxiety levels between groups. Conclusion: Female volleyball players may not differ in subjective graduation of stressors; however, exposure to training-based stressors seems to promote cortisol response to the anticipated stressor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Dziembowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Wójcik
- Department of Physiotherapy, Stanisław Staszic University of Applied Science in Piła, Podchorążych 10, 64-920 Piła, Poland.
| | - Iga Hołyńska-Iwan
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Kamila Litwic-Kaminska
- Institute of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Staffa 1, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Żekanowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
- Department of Physiotherapy, Stanisław Staszic University of Applied Science in Piła, Podchorążych 10, 64-920 Piła, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ugur K, Aydin S. Saliva and Blood Asprosin Hormone Concentration Associated with Obesity. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2521096. [PMID: 31049060 PMCID: PMC6458951 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2521096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to investigate the amounts of saliva and serum asprosin in order to determine whether it is related to obesity and whether salivary glands synthesize asprosin or not. METHODS A total of 116 underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese (class I, class II, and class III) volunteers participated in the study. Saliva and blood samples were collected simultaneously from the participants. The amounts of asprosin in saliva, salivary gland tissue supernatants, and bloods were determined by ELISA, whereas asprosin synthesis sites of salivary gland tissues were determined immunohistochemically. RESULTS The amount of asprosin from the lowest to the highest was in the order as follows: underweight, normal weight (control), overweight, and obese classes I and III. The lowest level of asprosin was detected in underweight individuals. It was also found that the interlobular striated ducts and the interlobular ducts of the submandibular and parotid salivary glands produce asprosin. According to these data, the asprosin level is related with obesity as the amount increases in accordance with increasing body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, there is also a relationship between the underweight and asprosin because the amount decreases with BMI decrease. CONCLUSIONS Asprosin, a new adipokine, may be a novel indicator of adipose tissue mass. Therefore, we anticipate that antiasprosin preparations may be an alternative in the treatment of obesity in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kader Ugur
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, (Firat Hormones Research Group), Medical School, Fırat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion by inducing oxidative stress in mice. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:38-46. [PMID: 30445238 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of prolonged hyperoxia on salivary glands and salivary secretion in mice. DESIGN Male C57BL/6 J mice were kept in a 75% oxygen chamber (hyperoxia group) or a 21% oxygen chamber for 5 days. We measured the secretion volume, protein concentration, and amylase activity of saliva after the injection of pilocarpine. In addition, we evaluated the histological changes induced in the submandibular glands using hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue staining and assessed apoptotic changes using the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. We also compared the submandibular gland expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, and SOD-2 using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In the hyperoxia group, salivary secretion was significantly inhibited at 5 and 10 min after the injection of pilocarpine, and the total salivary secretion volume was significantly decreased. The salivary protein concentration and amylase activity were also significantly higher in the hyperoxia group. In the histological examinations, enlargement of the mucous acini and the accumulation of mucins were observed in the submandibular region in the hyperoxia group, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells was also significantly increased in the hyperoxia group. Moreover, the expression levels of HO-1, SOD-1, and SOD-2 were significantly higher in the hyperoxia group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hyperoxia reduces salivary secretion, and oxidative stress reactions might be involved in this.
Collapse
|
19
|
Schwinn AC, Sauer FJ, Gerber V, Bruckmaier RM, Gross JJ. Free and bound cortisol in plasma and saliva during ACTH challenge in dairy cows and horses. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:76-84. [PMID: 29378066 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skx008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortisol levels reflect hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity. While most plasma cortisol is supposed to be bound to the soluble corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), only free cortisol (FC) actively regulates metabolic and immunological processes. We aimed to establish a multispecies suitable method to assess FC in cows and horses which in combination with total cortisol (TC) allows interpreting proportional changes of cortisol in saliva as well as in blood in response to a standardized HPA axis activation via ACTH. We further investigated if the ratios of cortisol fractions as obtained at basal levels in healthy horses (herbivorous and monogastric) and dairy cows (herbivorous and ruminant) change during HPA axis activation, and to which extent saliva cortisol (SC) is representative for alterations in plasma FC and adrenal cortex reactivity. However, it was not the objective of the present study to directly compare the two species. Dosages of ACTH applied in cows and horses were based on published data. Synthetic ACTH was intravenously administered to eight dairy cows (0.16 µg/kg BW) and five horses (1 µg/kg BW). Blood and saliva were collected every 30 min for 3 h from a jugular vein catheter, and analyzed for TC and SC, the ratio of free cortisol (rFC), and the concentration of FC (cFC) in plasma. During the entire sampling period of the ACTH test, plasma TC was paralleled by blood cFC, rFC, and SC in both cows and horses. All cortisol fractions increased within 30 min of ACTH administration compared to basal values (0 min, P < 0.05). Peak TC concentration reached 63.2 ± 9.6 ng/mL and 73.2 ± 11.8 ng/mL in bovine and equine plasma, respectively. Peak values of rFC averaged 17.9 ± 4.5% in cows and 19.2 ± 7.8% in horses. The ratio of SC to cFC in horses remained similar during the ACTH challenge suggesting that SC is recruited from plasma FC. However, SC increased less compared to plasma TC and FC during HPA axis activation in cows. In conclusion, the short-term activation of the HPA axis caused not only an elevation of TC, but also a similar increase of rFC in both species. SC closely reflected changes of FC in horses, but less accurately in cows. The concomitant evaluation of changes among cortisol fractions might give further indications on adaptation mechanisms in glucocorticoid regulation as well as differentiate cortisol-related health disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Catherine Schwinn
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fay J Sauer
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swiss Institute for Equine Medicine (ISME), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincenz Gerber
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swiss Institute for Equine Medicine (ISME), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rupert M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Josef J Gross
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|