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Muller J, Marchisio L, Attia R, Zedet A, Maradan R, Vallet M, Aebischer A, Harakat D, Senejoux F, Ramseyer C, Foley S, Cardey B, Girard C, Pudlo M. A colorimetric assay adapted to fragment screening revealing aurones and chalcones as new arginase inhibitors. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1722-1730. [PMID: 38784454 PMCID: PMC11110760 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginase, a difficult-to-target metalloenzyme, is implicated in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, infectious, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite the medical need, existing inhibitors have limited structural diversity, consisting predominantly of amino acids and their derivatives. The search for innovative arginase inhibitors has now extended to screening approaches. Due to the small and narrow active site of arginase, screening must meet the criteria of fragment-based screening. However, the limited binding capacity of fragments requires working at high concentrations, which increases the risk of interference and false positives. In this study, we investigated three colorimetric assays and selected one based on interference for screening under these challenging conditions. The subsequent adaptation and application to the screening a library of metal chelator fragments resulted in the identification of four compounds with moderate activity. The synthesis and evaluation of a series of compounds from one of the hits led to compound 21a with an IC50 value of 91.1 μM close to the reference compound piceatannol. Finally, molecular modelling supports the potential binding of aurones and chalcones to the active site of arginase, suggesting them as new candidates for the development of novel arginase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Muller
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Luca Marchisio
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Rym Attia
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Andy Zedet
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Robin Maradan
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Maxence Vallet
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Alison Aebischer
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Dominique Harakat
- URCATech, ICMR, CNRS UMR 7312 URCA Bât 18, BP 1039, Cedex 2 51687 Reims France
| | - François Senejoux
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Sarah Foley
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Bruno Cardey
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Corine Girard
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Marc Pudlo
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
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Parsaei M, Akhbari K, Tylianakis E, Froudakis GE. Effects of Fluorinated Functionalization of Linker on Quercetin Encapsulation, Release and Hela Cell Cytotoxicity of Cu-Based MOFs as Smart pH-Stimuli Nanocarriers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202301630. [PMID: 37581254 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Controlled delivery of target molecules is required in many medical and chemical applications. For such purposes, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which possess desirable features such as high porosity, large surface area, and adjustable functionalities, hold great potential as drug carriers. Herein, Quercetin (QU), as an anticancer drug, was loaded on Cu2 (BDC)2 (DABCO) and Cu2 (F4 BDC)2 )DABCO) MOFs (BDC=1,4-benzenedicarboxylate and DABCO=1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). As these Cu-MOFs have a high surface area, an appropriate pore size, and biocompatible ingredients, they can be utilized to deliver QU. The loading efficiency of QU in these MOFs was 49.5 % and 41.3 %, respectively. The drug-loaded compounds displayed sustained drug release over 15 days, remarkably high drug loading capacities and pH-controlled release behavior. The prepared nanostructures were characterized by different characterization technics including FT-IR, PXRD, ZP, TEM, FE-SEM, UV-vis, and BET. In addition, MTT assays were carried out on the HEK-293 and HeLa cell lines to investigate cytotoxicity. Cellular apoptosis analysis was performed to investigate the cell death mechanisms. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to analyze the interactions between MOFs and QU. Moreover, the stability of MOFs was also investigated during and after the drug release process. Ultimately, kinetic models of drug release were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Parsaei
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Akhbari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emmanuel Tylianakis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Voutes Campus, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George E Froudakis
- Department of Chemistry, Voutes Campus, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Sakao K, Saruwatari H, Minami S, Hou DX. Hydroxyl Group Acetylation of Quercetin Enhances Intracellular Absorption and Persistence to Upregulate Anticancer Activity in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16652. [PMID: 38068974 PMCID: PMC10706045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid compound widely distributed in many plants, is known to have potent antitumor effects on several cancer cells. Our previous study revealed that the acetylation of quercetin enhanced its antitumor effect. However, the mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the bioavailability of acylated quercetin in the HepG2 cell model based on its antitumor effect. The positions of quercetin 3,7,3',4'-OH were acetylated as 3,7,3',4'-O-tetraacetylquercetin (4Ac-Q). The inhibitory effect of 4Ac-Q on HepG2 cell proliferation was assessed by measuring cell viability. The apoptosis was characterized by apoptotic proteins and mitochondrial membrane potential shifts, as well as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The bioavailability of 4Ac-Q was analyzed by measuring the uptake and metabolites in HepG2 cells with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-photodiode array detector (PDA) and-ultraviolet/visible detector (UV/Vis). The results revealed that 4Ac-Q enhanced the inhibitory effect on HepG2 cell proliferation and induced its apoptosis significantly higher than quercetin. Protein array analysis of apoptosis-related protein indicated that 4Ac-Q increased the activation or expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, including caspase-3, -9, as well as second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC), and suppressed the expression of apoptosis inhibiting proteins such as cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP)-1, -2, Livin, Survivin, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). Furthermore, 4Ac-Q stimulated mitochondrial cytochrome c release into the cytosol by enhancing ROS level and depolarizing the mitochondrial membrane. Finally, the analysis of uptake and metabolites of 4Ac-Q in HpG2 cells with HPLC-PDA and -UV/Vis revealed that 4Ac-Q was metabolized to quercetin and several different acetylated quercetins which caused 2.5-fold higher quercetin present in HepG2 cells than parent quercetin. These data demonstrated that acetylation of the quercetin hydroxyl group significantly increased its intracellular absorption. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence that acetyl modification of quercetin not only substantially augments the intracellular absorption of quercetin but also bolsters its metabolic stability to elongate its intracellular persistence. Therefore, acetylation could serve as a strategic approach to enhance the ability of quercetin and analogous flavonoids to suppress cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Sakao
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (H.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Hanako Saruwatari
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (H.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Shohei Minami
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (H.S.); (S.M.)
| | - De-Xing Hou
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (H.S.); (S.M.)
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TAMURA N, HEIDARI N, FARAGHER RG, SMITH RK, DUDHIA J. Effects of resveratrol and its analogues on the cell cycle of equine mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. J Equine Sci 2023; 34:67-72. [PMID: 37781569 PMCID: PMC10534064 DOI: 10.1294/jes.34.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV; trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) strongly activates sirtuin 1, and it and its analogue V29 enhance the proliferation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs).Although culture medium containing 5-azacytydine and RSV inhibits senescence of adipose tissue-derived MSCs isolated from horses with metabolic syndrome, few studies have reported the effects of RSV on equine bone marrow-derived MSCs (eBMMSCs) isolated from horses without metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RSV and V29 on the cell cycle of eBMMSCs. Following treatment with 5 µM RSV or 10 µM V29, the cell proliferation capacity of eBMMSCs derived from seven horses was evaluated by EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) and Ki-67 antibody assays. Brightfield images of cells and immunofluorescent images of EdU, Ki-67, and DAPI staining were recorded by fluorescence microscopy, and the number of cells positive for each was quantified and compared by Friedman's test at P<0.05. The growth fraction of eBMMSCs was significantly increased by RSV and V29 as measured by the EdU assay (control 28.1% ± 13.8%, V29 31.8% ± 14.6%, RSV 32.0% ± 10.8%; mean ± SD; P<0.05) but not as measured by the Ki-67 antibody assay (control 27.0% ± 11.2%, V29 27.4% ± 10.8%, RSV 27.7% ± 6.8%). RSV and V29 promoted progression of the cell cycle of eBMMSCs into the S phase and may be useful for eBMMSC expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa TAMURA
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine
Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412,
Japan
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services,
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Neda HEIDARI
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services,
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Richard G.A. FARAGHER
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences,
University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Roger K.W. SMITH
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services,
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Jayesh DUDHIA
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services,
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
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Rong J, Fu F, Han C, Wu Y, Xia Q, Du D. Tectorigenin: A Review of Its Sources, Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2023; 28:5904. [PMID: 37570873 PMCID: PMC10421414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectorigenin is a well-known natural flavonoid aglycone and an active component that exists in numerous plants. Growing evidence suggests that tectorigenin has multiple pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective. These pharmacological properties provide the basis for the treatment of many kinds of illnesses, including several types of cancer, diabetes, hepatic fibrosis, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive summary and review of the sources, extraction and synthesis, pharmacological effects, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and delivery strategy aspects of tectorigenin. Tectorigenin may exert certain cytotoxicity, which is related to the administration time and concentration. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the main metabolic pathways in rats for tectorigenin are glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation and methoxylation, but that it exhibits poor bioavailability. From our perspective, further research on tectorigenin should cover: exploring the pharmacological targets and mechanisms of action; finding an appropriate concentration to balance pharmacological effects and toxicity; attempting diversified delivery strategies to improve the bioavailability; and structural modification to obtain tectorigenin derivatives with higher pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rong
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Fei Fu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Yaling Wu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Dan Du
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
- Proteomics-Metabolomics Platform, Research Core Facility, West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Szymkowiak I, Kucinska M, Murias M. Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea-Resveratrol, Sulfotransferases and Sulfatases-A Long and Turbulent Journey from Intestinal Absorption to Target Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083297. [PMID: 37110530 PMCID: PMC10140952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For nearly 30 years, resveratrol has attracted the scientific community's interest. This has happened thanks to the so-called French paradox, that is, the paradoxically low mortality from cardiovascular causes in the French population despite a diet rich in saturated fat. This phenomenon has been linked to the consumption of red wine, which contains a relatively high level of resveratrol. Currently, resveratrol is valued for its versatile, beneficial properties. Apart from its anti-atherosclerotic activity, resveratrol's antioxidant and antitumor properties deserve attention. It was shown that resveratrol inhibits tumour growth at all three stages: initiation, promotion, and progression. Moreover, resveratrol delays the ageing process and has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and phytoestrogenic properties. These favorable biological properties have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in animal and human models. Since the beginning of the research on resveratrol, its low bioavailability, mainly due to its rapid metabolism, especially the first-pass effect that leaves almost no free resveratrol in the peripheral circulation, has been indicated as a drawback that has hindered its use. The elucidation of such issues as pharmacokinetics, stability, and the biological activity of resveratrol metabolites is therefore crucial for understanding the biological activity of resveratrol. Second-phase metabolism enzymes are mainly involved in RSV metabolism, e.g., UDP-glucuronyl transferases and sulfotransferases. In the present paper, we took a closer look at the available data on the activity of resveratrol sulfate metabolites and the role of sulfatases in releasing active resveratrol in target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Szymkowiak
- Curtis Health Caps S.A., ul. Batorowska 52, 62-081 Przeźmierowo, Poland
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Song X, Wang X, Wang D, Zheng Z, Li J, Li Y. Natural drugs targeting inflammation pathways can be used to treat atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:998944. [PMID: 36386165 PMCID: PMC9663817 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.998944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the chronic gradual degradation of arteries in combination with inflammation. Currently, the main research focus has been on interactions between inflammatory cells, inflammatory mediators, and immune mechanisms, while some studies have reported natural drugs were exerting a critical role against AS, whereas the usage of natural drugs was always limited by various factors such as poor penetration across biological barriers, low bioavailability, and unclear mechanisms. Herein, we reviewed the potential targets for inflammation against AS, discussed the underlying mechanisms of natural drugs for AS, particularly highlighted the dilemma of current research, and finally, offered perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayinan Song
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zheng
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Li, Yunlun Li,
| | - Yunlun Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Li, Yunlun Li,
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8
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Gherardi G, Corbioli G, Ruzza F, Rizzuto R. CoQ 10 and Resveratrol Effects to Ameliorate Aged-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunctions. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204326. [PMID: 36297010 PMCID: PMC9611139 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Firstly, mitochondria regulate energy metabolism through oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, they are involved in cell fate decisions by activating the apoptotic intrinsic pathway. Finally, they work as intracellular signaling hubs as a result of their tight regulation of ion and metabolite concentrations and other critical signaling molecules such as ROS. Aging is a multifactorial process triggered by impairments in different cellular components. Among the various molecular pathways involved, mitochondria are key regulators of longevity. Indeed, mitochondrial deterioration is a critical signature of the aging process. In this scenario, we will focus specifically on the age-related decrease in CoQ levels, an essential component of the electron transport chain (ETC) and an antioxidant, and how CoQ supplementation could benefit the aging process. Generally, any treatment that improves and sustains mitochondrial functionality is a good candidate to counteract age-related mitochondrial dysfunctions. In recent years, heightened attention has been given to natural compounds that modulate mitochondrial function. One of the most famous is resveratrol due to its ability to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and work as an antioxidant agent. This review will discuss recent clinical trials and meta-analyses based on resveratrol and CoQ supplementation, focusing on how these compounds could improve mitochondrial functionality during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Gherardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (R.R.)
| | - Giovanni Corbioli
- Solgar Italia Multinutrient Spa, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Ruzza
- Solgar Italia Multinutrient Spa, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (R.R.)
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9
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Liao TT, Han JF, Zhang FY, Na R, Ye WL. Enhanced Anti-Tumor Effect of Folate-Targeted FA-AMA-hyd-DOX Conjugate in a Xenograft Model of Human Breast Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237110. [PMID: 34885691 PMCID: PMC8659115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate-aminocaproic acid-doxorubicin (FA-AMA-hyd-DOX) was firstly synthesized by our group. It was indicated that FA-AMA-hyd-DOX was pH-responsive, and had strong cytotoxicity on a folate receptor overexpressing cell line (KB cells) in vitro. The aim of our study was to further explore the potential use of FA-AMA-hyd-DOX as a new therapeutic drug for breast cancer. The cellular uptake and the antiproliferative activity of the FA-AMA-hyd-DOX in MDA-MB-231 cells were measured. Compared with DOX, FA-AMA-hyd-DOX exhibited higher targeting ability and cytotoxicity to FR-positive tumor cells. Subsequently, the tissue distribution of FA-AMA-hyd-DOX was studied, and the result confirmed that DOX modified by FA can effectively increase the selectivity of drugs in vivo. After determining the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of FA-AMA-hyd-DOX in MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing nude mice, the antitumor effects and the in vivo safety of FA-AMA-hyd-DOX were systematically evaluated. The data showed that FA-AMA-hyd-DOX could effectively increase the dose of DOX tolerated by tumor-bearing nude mice and significantly inhibit MDA-MB-231 tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, FA-AMA-hyd-DOX treatment resulted in almost no obvious damage to the mice. All the positive data suggest that FA-targeted FA-AMA-hyd-DOX is a promising tumor-targeted compound for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-tian Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (T.-t.L.); (F.-y.Z.)
| | - Jiang-fan Han
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
| | - Fei-yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (T.-t.L.); (F.-y.Z.)
| | - Ren Na
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;
| | - Wei-liang Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (T.-t.L.); (F.-y.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8477-6783
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10
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Li Y, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Luo M, Lu F, He Z, Jiang Q, Zhang T. Dual Strategy for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Resveratrol: Enhancing Water Solubility and Inhibiting Glucuronidation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9249-9258. [PMID: 34357767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) suffers from poor water solubility and extensive metabolism, which lead to low bioavailability. A phospholipid complex (PC) containing RES and a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) inhibitor was prepared to address these two limiting factors, thereby improving RES bioavailability. First, 11 natural active ingredients metabolized by similar enzyme subtypes to RES were screened in a glucuronidation assay in liver microsomes. Then, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the strongest inhibitor, was prepared with RES in a PC. RES-PC was prepared as a control. As expected, the water solubility and the cumulative dissolution of RES were significantly enhanced by RES-PC and RES/GA-PC. Compared with the RES group, the AUC0-10 of RES and resveratrol-3-glucuronide (R-3-G) in the RES/GA-PC group showed increases of 2.49- and 1.70-fold, respectively, with the proportion of RES absorption to total absorption increasing 1.45 times. These results demonstrated that RES/GA-PC could improve the bioavailability of RES by increasing its water solubility and inhibiting its glucuronidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Luo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Farong Lu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
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11
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González A, Casado J, Lanas Á. Fighting the Antibiotic Crisis: Flavonoids as Promising Antibacterial Drugs Against Helicobacter pylori Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:709749. [PMID: 34354964 PMCID: PMC8329489 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.709749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over half of the world’s population is estimated to be infected with Helicobacter pylori. Chronic infection with this microbial class I carcinogen is considered the most important risk factor for developing gastric cancer. The increasing antimicrobial resistance to first-line antibiotics mainly causes the failure of current eradication therapies, inducing refractory infections. The alarming increase in multidrug resistance in H. pylori isolates worldwide is already beginning to limit the efficacy of existing treatments. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included H. pylori in its list of “priority pathogens” for which new antibiotics are urgently needed. Novel strategies must be followed to fight this antibiotic crisis, including properly exploiting the proven therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and plant-derived phytochemicals. In this mini-review, we overview the impressive properties of naturally occurring flavonoids as effective antimicrobial agents against H. pylori, which support the use of these plant-derived bioactive compounds as promising drug candidates for inclusion in novel and personalized combinatory therapies against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés González
- Group of Translational Research in Digestive Diseases, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Casado
- Group of Translational Research in Digestive Diseases, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Lanas
- Group of Translational Research in Digestive Diseases, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Service, University Clinic Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
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12
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Huai Y, Zhang WJ, Wang W, Dang K, Jiang SF, Li DM, Li M, Hao Q, Miao ZP, Li Y, Qian AR. Systems pharmacology dissection of action mechanisms for herbs in osteoporosis treatment. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:313-331. [PMID: 36118922 PMCID: PMC9476722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis has become the biggest cause of non-fatal health issue. Currently, the limitations of traditional anti-osteoporosis drugs such as long-term ill-effects and drug resistance, have raised concerns toward complementary and alternative therapies, particularly herbal medicines and their natural active compounds. Thus, this study aimed to provide an integrative analysis of active chemicals, drug targets and interacting pathways of the herbs for osteoporosis treatment. Methods Here, we introduced a systematic pharmacology model, combining the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) screening model, drug targeting and network pharmacology, to probe into the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs in osteoporosis. Results We obtained 86 natural compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and their 58 targets from seven osteoporosis-related herbs. Network analysis revealed that they probably synergistically work through multiple mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammatory response, maintaining bone metabolism or improving organism immunity, to benefit patients with osteoporosis. Furthermore, experimental results showed that all the five compounds (calycosin, asperosaponin VI, hederagenin, betulinic acid and luteolin) enhanced osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro, which corroborated the validity of this system pharmacology approach. Notably, gentisin and aureusidin among the identified compounds were first predicted to be associated with osteoporosis. Conclusion Herbs and their natural compounds, being characterized as the classical combination therapies, might be engaged in multiple mechanisms to coordinately improve the osteoporosis symptoms. This work may contribute to offer novel strategies and clues for the therapy and drug discovery of osteoporosis and other complex diseases.
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13
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Belmonte-Reche E, Peñalver P, Caro-Moreno M, Mateos-Martín ML, Adán N, Delgado M, González-Rey E, Morales JC. Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113655. [PMID: 34175536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural phenolic compounds found in food have demonstrated interesting preventive and therapeutic effects on a large variety of pathologies. Indeed, some of them, such as resveratrol (RES), have been examined in clinical trials. Nevertheless, their success has been scarce mainly due to their low bioavailability. In this study, we found serendipitously that O-silyl RES derivatives exerted a better neuroprotective activity than resveratrol itself and decided to explore them as potential drugs for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. We have also designed and prepared a series of O-silyl RES prodrugs to improve their bioavailability. We found that di-triethylsilyl and di-triisopropylsilyl RES derivatives were better in vitro neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agents than RES. Among these derivatives and their corresponding acyl-, glycosyl- and carbamoyl-prodrugs, 3,5-triethylsilyl-4'-(6″-octanoylglucopyranosyl) resveratrol 26 showed the best profile on toxicity and neuroprotective activity in zebra fish embryo. Compound 26 was also capable of reducing the loss of motor coordination in a 3-nitropropionic acid mice model of Huntington's disease, in a similar way to RES. However, 26 diminished pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 to a higher extent than RES and improved the latency to fall in the rotarod test by 10% with respect to RES. Finally, we investigated 26 and RES as potential treatments on an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) multiple sclerosis mice model. We observed that, in a therapeutic regimen, 26 significantly diminished the progression of EAE severity and reduced the percentage of animals with moderate to severe clinical score, whereas RES showed no improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efres Belmonte-Reche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Caro-Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - María Luisa Mateos-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Norma Adán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Delgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena González-Rey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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14
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Swarnkar MK, Kumar P, Dogra V, Kumar S. Prickle morphogenesis in rose is coupled with secondary metabolite accumulation and governed by canonical MBW transcriptional complex. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00325. [PMID: 34142001 PMCID: PMC8204143 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Rose is an economically important flowering plant that holds an essential place in cut flower, medicinal, and aromatic industries. The presence of prickles, epidermal outgrowths resembling trichomes, on rose is highly undesirable as these make harvesting and transportation difficult. Attempts were made for generating rose varieties lacking prickles via breeding and natural selections; however, these approaches obtained only chimeric and genetically unstable prickle-less mutants. The alternative way to get rid of prickles is via genetic manipulations, but the molecular mechanisms of prickle initiation and development in rose are almost unexplored. Therefore, the present study was carried out to understand the morphological, molecular, and correlated metabolic changes underlining prickle morphogenesis in a prickle-bearing Rosa hybrida L. cv. "First Red (FR)". The histological and metabolomic analyses at three distinct stages of the prickle morphogenesis, namely, emerging tiny initiating prickles, partially greenish soft prickles, and brownish hard prickles, demonstrated a gradually increasing deposition of phenolic compounds and lignification with development. Corresponding RNAseq analysis revealed an upregulation of the genes involved in secondary metabolism, especially in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. A set of genes encoding a transcriptional network similar to the one regulating epidermal cell differentiation leading to phenylpropanoid accumulation and trichome development, was also upregulated. Differential expression of this transcriptional network in prickle-less R. hybrida L. cv. "Himalayan Wonder" compared to prickly FR plants substantiated its involvement in prickle morphogenesis. The results collectively supported the proposition that prickles are evolved from trichomes and provided molecular clues towards engineering prickle-less roses. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Prickles, the vasculature less epidermal outgrowths resembling trichomes, are defense organs protecting plants against herbivory. Despite biological significance, the mechanism of prickle morphogenesis remains obscure. Here, we show that like trichomes, prickles accumulate secondary metabolites, especially lignin and flavonoids, during morphogenesis. Cognate transcriptome analysis demonstrated that upregulation of a hormone-regulated transcriptional activation-inhibition network, known to govern trichome morphogenesis, likely triggers the differentiation of epidermal cells to outgrow into prickle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar Swarnkar
- Division of BiotechnologyCSIR‐Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurIndia
- Department of BiotechnologyGuru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsarIndia
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Division of Chemical TechnologyCSIR‐Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurIndia
| | - Vivek Dogra
- Division of BiotechnologyCSIR‐Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurIndia
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Division of BiotechnologyCSIR‐Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurIndia
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15
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Intagliata S, Spadaro A, Lorenti M, Panico A, Siciliano EA, Barbagallo S, Macaluso B, Kamble SH, Modica MN, Montenegro L. In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Activity of Resveratrol and Its Novel Triester with Trolox. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010012. [PMID: 33374280 PMCID: PMC7823449 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is well known for its many beneficial activities, but its unfavorable physicochemical properties impair its effectiveness after systemic and topical administration; thus, several strategies have been investigated to improve RSV efficacy. With this aim, in this work, we synthesized a novel RSV triester with trolox, an analogue of vitamin E with strong antioxidant activity. The new RSV derivative (RSVTR) was assayed in vitro to evaluate its antioxidant and anti-glycation activity compared to RSV. RSVTR chemical stability was assessed at pH 2.0, 6.8, and 7.2 and different storage temperatures (5 °C, 22 °C, and 37 °C). An influence of pH stronger than that of temperature on RSVTR half-life values was pointed out, and RSVTR greatest stability was observed at pH 7.2 and 5 °C. RSVTR showed a lower antioxidant ability compared to RSV (determined by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay) while its anti-glycation activity (evaluated using the Maillard reaction) was significantly greater than that of RSV. The improved ability to inhibit the glycation process was attributed to a better interaction of RSVTR with albumin owing to its increased topological polar surface area value and H-bond acceptor number compared to RSV. Therefore, RSVTR could be regarded as a promising anti-glycation agent worthy of further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Angelo Spadaro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Miriam Lorenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Annamaria Panico
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Edy A. Siciliano
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Sabrina Barbagallo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Benito Macaluso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Shyam H. Kamble
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Maria N. Modica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.M.); (L.M.); Tel.: +39-095-738-6061 (M.N.M.); +39-095-738-4010 (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.I.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.M.); (L.M.); Tel.: +39-095-738-6061 (M.N.M.); +39-095-738-4010 (L.M.)
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16
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Torrens-Mas M, Roca P. Phytoestrogens for Cancer Prevention and Treatment. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E427. [PMID: 33261116 PMCID: PMC7759898 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are a large group of natural compounds found in more than 300 plants. They have a close structural similarity to estrogens, which allow them to bind to both estrogen receptors (ER), ERα and ERβ, presenting a weak estrogenic activity. Phytoestrogens have been described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-allergic, and anti-tumoral agents. Their role in cancer prevention has been well documented, although their impact on treatment efficiency is controversial. Several reports suggest that phytoestrogens may interfere with the effect of anti-cancer drugs through the regulation of oxidative stress and other mechanisms. Furthermore, some phytoestrogens could exert a protective effect on healthy cells, thus reducing the secondary effects of cancer treatment. In this review, we have studied the recent research in this area to find evidence for the role of phytoestrogens in cancer prevention and therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Dobrydnev AV, Tkachuk TM, Atamaniuk VP, Popova MV. Quercetin-Amino Acid Conjugates are Promising Anti-Cancer Agents in Drug Discovery Projects. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:107-122. [PMID: 31595850 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191009152007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with great potential for the prevention and treatment of disease. Despite the curative application of quercetin is hampered by low bioavailability, its core serves as a scaffold for generating more potent compounds with amplified therapeutic window. This review aims to describe recent advances in the improvement of the pharmacokinetic profile of quercetin via the amino acid prodrug approach which offers wide structural diversity, physicochemical and biological properties improvement. According to the findings, conjugation of quercetin with amino acids results in increased solubility, stability, cellular permeability as well as biological activity. In particular quercetin- amino acid conjugates exhibited potent anticancer, MDR-reversal and antibiotic resistance reversal activities. The synthetic pathways and examples of quercetin-amino acid conjugates are considered. Practical considerations and challenges associated with the development of these prodrugs are also discussed. This mini-review covers the literature on quercetin-amino acid conjugates since 2001 when the first thematic work was published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Dobrydnev
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana M Tkachuk
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Viktor P Atamaniuk
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Maria V Popova
- Chemistry Department, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Lva Tolstoho Street 12, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
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18
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Abstract
Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a naturally derived flavonoid that is commonly found in fruits and vegetables. There is mounting evidence to suggest that quercetin has potential anticancer effects and appears to interact synergistically when used in combination with approved chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan and cisplatin. Unfortunately, quercetin has shown limited clinical utility, partly due to low bioavailability related to its poor aqueous solutions (< 10 μg/mL). In this study, liposomal formulations of quercetin were developed by exploiting quercetin's ability to bind copper. Quercetin powder was added directly to pre-formed copper-containing liposomes (2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) (55:45 M ratio)). As a function of time and temperature, the formation of copper-quercetin was measured. Using this methodology, a final quercetin-to-lipid (mol:mol) ratio of 0.2 was achievable and solutions containing quercetin at concentrations of > 5 mg/mL were attained, representing at least a > 100-fold increase in apparent solubility. The resulting formulation was suitable for intravenous dosing with no overt toxicities when administered at doses of 50 mg/kg in mice. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the copper-quercetin formulations had an AUC0-24H of 8382.1 μg h/mL when administered to mice at 50 mg/kg. These studies suggested that quercetin (not copper-quercetin) dissociates from the liposomes after administration. The resulting formulation is suitable for further development and also serves as a proof-of-concept for formulating other flavonoids and flavonoid-like compounds. Given that quercetin exhibits an IC50 of >10 μM when tested against cancer cell lines, we believe that the utility of this novel quercetin formulation for cancer indications will ultimately be as a component of a combination product.
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19
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Khan H, Pervaiz A, Intagliata S, Das N, Nagulapalli Venkata KC, Atanasov AG, Najda A, Nabavi SM, Wang D, Pittalà V, Bishayee A. The analgesic potential of glycosides derived from medicinal plants. Daru 2020; 28:387-401. [PMID: 32060737 PMCID: PMC7214601 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain represents an unpleasant sensation linked to actual or potential tissue damage. In the early phase, the sensation of pain is caused due to direct stimulation of the sensory nerve fibers. On the other hand, the pain in the late phase is attributed to inflammatory mediators. Current medicines used to treat inflammation and pain are effective; however, they cause severe side effects, such as ulcer, anemia, osteoporosis, and endocrine disruption. Increased attention is recently being focused on the examination of the analgesic potential of phytoconstituents, such as glycosides of traditional medicinal plants, because they often have suitable biological activities with fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The purpose of this article is to review for the first time the current state of knowledge on the use of glycosides from medicinal plants to induce analgesia and anti-inflammatory effect. Various databases and search engines, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, were used to search and collect relevant studies on glycosides with antinociceptive activities. The results led to the identification of several glycosides that exhibited marked inhibition of various pain mediators based on different well-established assays. Additionally, these glycosides were found to induce most of the analgesic effects through cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. These findings can be useful to identify new candidates which can be clinically developed as analgesics with better bioavailability and reduced side effects. Graphical abstract Analgesic mechanisms of plant glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Aini Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Tripura University, Udaipur, 799 114, Tripura, India
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Tripura University, Belonia, 799 155, Tripura, India
| | - Kalyan C Nagulapalli Venkata
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1010, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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20
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Hu C, Li L. The application of resveratrol to mesenchymal stromal cell-based regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:307. [PMID: 31623691 PMCID: PMC6798337 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has emerged as an effective strategy to protect against tissue and organ injury. MSC transplantation also serves as a promising therapy for regenerative medicine, while poor engraftment and limited survival rates are major obstacles for its clinical application. Although multiple studies have focused on investigating chemicals to improve MSC stemness and differentiation in vitro and in vivo, there is still a shortage of effective and safe agents for MSC-based regenerative medicine. Resveratrol (RSV), a nonflavonoid polyphenol phytoalexin with a stilbene structure, was first identified in the root extract of white hellebore and is also found in the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum, and it is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. RSV is a natural agent that possesses great therapeutic potential for protecting against acute or chronic injury in multiple tissues as a result of its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. According to its demonstrated properties, RSV may improve the therapeutic effects of MSCs via enhancing their survival, self-renewal, lineage commitment, and anti-aging effects. In this review, we concluded that RSV significantly improved the preventive and therapeutic effects of MSCs against multiple diseases. We also described the underlying mechanisms of the effects of RSV on the survival, self-renewal, and lineage commitment of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. Upon further clarification of the potential mechanisms of the effects of RSV on MSC-based therapy, MSCs may be able to be more widely used in regenerative medicine to promote recovery from tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Liu C, Tong P, Yang R, You Y, Liu H, Zhang T. Solidified phospholipid-TPGS as an effective oral delivery system for improving the bioavailability of resveratrol. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Intagliata S, Modica MN, Santagati LM, Montenegro L. Strategies to Improve Resveratrol Systemic and Topical Bioavailability: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E244. [PMID: 31349656 PMCID: PMC6719186 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to natural compounds due to their many biological effects. Polyphenols are a class of plant derivatives that have been widely investigated for preventing and treating many oxidative stress-related pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus and inflammation. Among these polyphenols, resveratrol (RSV) has attracted considerable interest owing to its high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. However, the poor water solubility and rapid metabolism of RSV lead to low bioavailability, thus limiting its clinical efficacy. After discussing the main biochemical mechanisms involved in RSV biological activities, this review will focus on the strategies attempted to improve RSV effectiveness, both for systemic and for topical administration. In particular, technological approaches involving RSV incorporation into different delivery systems such as liposomes, polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions and cyclodextrins will be illustrated, highlighting their potential clinical applications. In addition, chemical modifications of this antioxidant aimed at improving its physicochemical properties will be described along with the results of in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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23
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Lee YH, Chen YY, Yeh YL, Wang YJ, Chen RJ. Stilbene Compounds Inhibit Tumor Growth by the Induction of Cellular Senescence and the Inhibition of Telomerase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112716. [PMID: 31159515 PMCID: PMC6600253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of cell cycle arrest characterized by a distinct morphology, gene expression pattern, and secretory phenotype. It can be triggered by multiple mechanisms, including those involved in telomere shortening, the accumulation of DNA damage, epigenetic pathways, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and so on. In current cancer therapy, cellular senescence has emerged as a potent tumor suppression mechanism that restrains proliferation in cells at risk for malignant transformation. Therefore, compounds that stimulate the growth inhibition effects of senescence while limiting its detrimental effects are believed to have great clinical potential. In this review article, we first review the current knowledge of the pro- and antitumorigeneic functions of senescence and summarize the key roles of telomerase in the regulation of senescence in tumors. Second, we review the current literature regarding the anticancer effects of stilbene compounds that are mediated by the targeting of telomerase and cell senescence. Finally, we provide future perspectives on the clinical utilization of stilbene compounds, especially resveratrol and pterostilbene, as novel cancer therapeutic remedies. We conclude and propose that stilbene compounds may induce senescence and may potentially be used as the therapeutic or adjuvant agents for cancers with high telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.
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24
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Abstract
Based on many cell culture, animal and human studies, it is well known that the most challenge issue for developing polyphenolics as chemoprevention or anti-diabtetic agents is the low oral bioavailability, which may be the major reason relating to its ambiguous therapeutic effects and large inter-individual variations in clinical trials. This review intends to highlight the unscientific evaluation on the basis of the published data regarding in vitro bioactivity of polyphenols, which may sometimes mislead the researchers and to conclude that: first, bio-accessibilities values obtained in the studies for polyphenols should be highly reconsidered in accordance with the abundant newly identified circulating and excreted metabolites, with a particular attention to colonic metabolic products which are obviously contributing much more than expected to their absorptions; second, it is phenolic metabolites, which are formed in the small intestine and hepatic cells,low molecular weight catabolic products of the colonic microflora to travel around the human body in the circulatory system or reach body tissues to elicit bioactive effects. It is concluded that better performed in vivo intervention and in vitro mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand how these molecules interact with human physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Teng
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Lei Chen
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
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25
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of quercetin and resveratrol peptidyl derivatives as potential anticancer and antioxidant agents. Amino Acids 2018; 51:319-329. [PMID: 30392096 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin and resveratrol are polyphenolic compounds, members of the flavonoid and the stilbene family, respectively, both medicinally important as dietary anticancer and antioxidant agents. They are present in a variety of foods-including fruits, vegetables, tea, wine, as well as other dietary supplements-and are responsible for various health benefits. Different quercetin and resveratrol esters of Leu/Met-enkephalin and tetrapeptide Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu (LSKL) were synthesized as model systems for monitoring the influence of the peptides on biological activity of resveratrol and quercetin. General formula of the main peptidyl-quercetin derivatives is 2-[3-(aa)n-4-hydroxyphenyl]-3,5,7-tri-hydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-on, and the general formula of the main peptidyl-resveratrol derivatives is (E)-5-[4-(aa)n)styryl]benzene-1,3-diol. The antioxidant and anticancer activities of prepared compounds were investigated. Significant anticancer activity was obtained for the LSKL-based both quercetin and resveratrol derivatives. All prepared compounds exhibit antioxidant activity, in particular quercetin derivative containing Met-enkephalin.
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26
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Estrela JM, Mena S, Obrador E, Benlloch M, Castellano G, Salvador R, Dellinger RW. Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9413-9436. [PMID: 28654265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are organic chemicals which contain phenol units in their structures. They show antitumor properties. However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions. Still, definitively demonstrating the human benefits of isolated polyphenolic compounds (alone or in combination) using modern scientific methodology has proved challenging. The most common discrepancy between experimental and clinical observations is the use of nonphysiologically relevant concentrations of polyphenols in mechanistic studies. Thus, it remains highly controversial how applicable underlying mechanisms are with bioavailable concentrations and biological half-life. The present Perspective analyses proposed antitumor mechanisms, in vivo reported antitumor effects, and possible mechanisms that may explain discrepancies between bioavailability and bioefficacy. Polyphenol metabolism and possible toxic side effects are also considered. Our main conclusion emphasizes that these natural molecules (and their chemical derivatives) indeed can be very useful, not only as cancer chemopreventive agents but also in oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Estrela
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Benlloch
- Department of Health and Functional Valorization, San Vicente Martir Catholic University , 46008 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Castellano
- Department of Health and Functional Valorization, San Vicente Martir Catholic University , 46008 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosario Salvador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
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27
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, Azzolini M, La Spina M, Sassi N, Romio M, Paradisi C, Zoratti M. Resveratrol derivatives as a pharmacological tool. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1403:27-37. [PMID: 28675763 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs of resveratrol are under development. Among the long-term goals, still largely elusive, are (1) modulating physical properties (e.g., water-soluble derivatives bearing polyethylene glycol chains), (2) changing distribution in the body (e.g., galactosyl derivatives restricted to the intestinal lumen), (3) increasing absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., derivatives imitating the natural substrates of endogenous transporters), and (4) hindering phase II metabolism (e.g., temporarily blocking the hydroxyls), all contributing to (5) increasing bioavailability. The chemical bonds that have been tested for functionalization include carboxyester, acetal, and carbamate groups. A second approach, which can be combined with the first, seeks to reinforce or modify the biochemical activities of resveratrol by concentrating the compound at specific subcellular sites. An example is provided by mitochondria-targeted derivatives. These proved to be pro-oxidant and cytotoxic in vitro, selectively killing fast-growing and tumor cells when supplied in the low micromolar range. This suggests the possibility of anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Sassi
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Romio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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28
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Stylos E, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Syriopoulou A, Tzakos AG. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) based bioavailability determination of the major classes of phytochemicals. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1047:15-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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29
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Grimbs A, Shrestha A, Rezk ASD, Grimbs S, Hakeem Said I, Schepker H, Hütt MT, Albach DC, Brix K, Kuhnert N, Ullrich MS. Bioactivity in Rhododendron: A Systemic Analysis of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities and Their Phylogenetic and Phytochemical Origins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:551. [PMID: 28450876 PMCID: PMC5390042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional diversity of the genus Rhododendron has a strong potential for identification, characterization, and production of bioactive lead compounds for health purposes. A particularly relevant field of application is the search for new antibiotics. Here, we present a comparative analysis of nearly 90 Rhododendron species targeted toward the search for such candidate substances. Through a combination of phytochemical profiles with antimicrobial susceptibility and cytotoxicity, complemented by phylogenetic analyses, we identify seven potentially antimicrobial active but non-cytotoxic compounds in terms of mass-to-charge ratios and retention times. Exemplary bioactivity-guided fractionation for a promising Rhododendron species experimentally supports in fact one of these candidate lead compounds. By combining categorical correlation analysis with Boolean operations, we have been able to investigate the origin of bioactive effects in further detail. Intriguingly, we discovered clear indications of systems effects (synergistic interactions and functional redundancies of compounds) in the manifestation of antimicrobial activities in this plant genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Grimbs
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Abhinandan Shrestha
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Ahmed S. D. Rezk
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Sergio Grimbs
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Marc-Thorsten Hütt
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Dirk C. Albach
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburg, Germany
| | - Klaudia Brix
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
| | - Matthias S. Ullrich
- Department for Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University BremenBremen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Matthias S. Ullrich
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30
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Roubalová L, Biedermann D, Papoušková B, Vacek J, Kuzma M, Křen V, Ulrichová J, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Vrba J. Semisynthetic flavonoid 7-O-galloylquercetin activates Nrf2 and induces Nrf2-dependent gene expression in RAW264.7 and Hepa1c1c7 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:58-66. [PMID: 27777014 PMCID: PMC5148792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The natural flavonoid quercetin is known to activate the transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression of cytoprotective enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). In this study, a novel semisynthetic flavonoid 7-O-galloylquercetin (or quercetin-7-gallate, 3) was prepared by direct galloylation of quercetin, and its effect on the Nrf2 pathway was examined. A luciferase reporter assay showed that 7-O-galloylquercetin, like quercetin, significantly activated transcription via the antioxidant response element in a stably transfected human AREc32 reporter cell line. In addition, 7-O-galloylquercetin caused the accumulation of Nrf2 and induced the expression of HO-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The induction of HO-1 by 7-O-galloylquercetin was significantly suppressed by N-acetyl-l-cysteine and SB203580, indicating the involvement of reactive oxygen species and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, respectively. HPLC/MS analyses also showed that 7-O-galloylquercetin was not degalloylated to quercetin, but it was conjugated with glucuronic acid and/or methylated in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, 7-O-galloylquercetin was found to increase the protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1, and also the activity of NQO1 in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. Taken together, we conclude that 7-O-galloylquercetin increases Nrf2 activity and induces Nrf2-dependent gene expression in RAW264.7 and Hepa1c1c7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Roubalová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Institute of Microbiology, Laboratory of Biotransformation, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Papoušková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vacek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology, Laboratory of Biotransformation, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Laboratory of Biotransformation, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Ulrichová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, UK
| | - Jiří Vrba
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic.
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31
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Fusi F, Spiga O, Trezza A, Sgaragli G, Saponara S. The surge of flavonoids as novel, fine regulators of cardiovascular Ca v channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 796:158-174. [PMID: 28012974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels underlie a wide variety of physiological processes that involve rapid changes in cell dynamics, such as cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contraction. Overexpression or dysfunction of these membrane proteins are the basis of many cardiovascular diseases that represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for human beings. In the last few years, flavonoids, widely distributed in the plant kingdom, have attracted the interest of many laboratories as an emerging class of fine ion, in particular Cav, channels modulators. Pieces of in vitro evidence for direct as well as indirect effects exerted by various flavonoids on ion channel currents are now accumulating in the scientific literature. This activity may be responsible, at least in part, for the beneficial and protective effects of dietary flavonoids toward cardiovascular diseases highlighted in several epidemiological studies. Here we examine numerous studies aimed at analysing this feature of flavonoids, focusing on the mechanisms that promote their sometimes controversial activities at cardiovascular Cav channels. New methodological approaches, such as molecular modelling and docking to Cav1.2 channel α1c subunit, used to elucidate flavonoids intrinsic mechanism of action, are introduced. Moreover, flavonoid-membrane interaction, bioavailability, and antioxidant activity are taken into account and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Fusi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Trezza
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giampietro Sgaragli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Saponara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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32
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Goulas V, Stylos E, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Mavromoustakos T, Tzakos AG. Functional Components of Carob Fruit: Linking the Chemical and Biological Space. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1875. [PMID: 27834921 PMCID: PMC5133875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of natural products to the drug-discovery pipeline has been remarkable since they have served as a rich source for drug development and discovery. Natural products have adapted, during the course of evolution, optimum chemical scaffolds against a wide variety of diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Advances in high-throughput screening assays, assisted by the continuous development on the instrumentation's capabilities and omics, have resulted in charting a large chemical and biological space of drug-like compounds, originating from natural sources. Herein, we attempt to integrate the information on the chemical composition and the associated biological impact of carob fruit in regards to human health. The beneficial and health-promoting effects of carob along with the clinical trials and the drug formulations derived from carob's natural components are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasios Goulas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos 3603, Cyprus.
| | - Evgenios Stylos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Maria V Chatziathanasiadou
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11571 Athens, Greece.
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
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33
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Kimura Y, Kato R, Oyama KI, Kondo T, Yoshida K. Efficient Preparation of Various O-Methylquercetins by Selective Demethylation. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
penta-O-Methylquercetin (2) was prepared by permethylation of quercetin (1). Selective demethylation of 2 using either BBr3 or BCl3/TBAI ( tetra-butylammonium iodide) gave five O-methylquercetins (3-6), with satisfactory yields. The reaction can be easily scaled-up. We established an efficient and large-scale preparation of O-methylquercetins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kimura
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ryo Kato
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kin-ichi Oyama
- Chemical Instrumentation Facility, Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tadao Kondo
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kumi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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34
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Falomir E, Lucas R, Peñalver P, Martí-Centelles R, Dupont A, Zafra-Gómez A, Carda M, Morales JC. Cytotoxic, Antiangiogenic and Antitelomerase Activity of Glucosyl- and Acyl- Resveratrol Prodrugs and Resveratrol Sulfate Metabolites. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1343-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Falomir
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; University Jaume I; Avda Sos Baynat, sn 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Ricardo Lucas
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla; Avda Americo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”; CSIC; Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud; Avenida del Conocimiento, 17 18016 Armilla Granada Spain
| | - Rosa Martí-Centelles
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; University Jaume I; Avda Sos Baynat, sn 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Alexia Dupont
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla; Avda Americo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Alberto Zafra-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; University of Granada; C/ Severo Ochoa, s/n 18001 Granada Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; University Jaume I; Avda Sos Baynat, sn 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Juan C. Morales
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla; Avda Americo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”; CSIC; Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud; Avenida del Conocimiento, 17 18016 Armilla Granada Spain
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35
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Kraus M, Grimm C, Seibel J. Redesign of the Active Site of Sucrose Phosphorylase through a Clash-Induced Cascade of Loop Shifts. Chembiochem 2015; 17:33-6. [PMID: 26527586 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose phosphorylases have been applied in the enzymatic production of glycosylated compounds for decades. However, several desirable acceptors, such as flavonoids or stilbenoids, that exhibit diverse antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic or antioxidant properties, remain poor substrates. The Q345F exchange in sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis allows efficient glucosylation of resveratrol, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in yields of up to 97 % whereas the wild-type enzyme favours sucrose hydrolysis. Three previously undescribed products are made available. The crystal structure of the variant reveals a widened access channel with a hydrophobic aromatic surface that is likely to contribute to the improved activity towards aromatic acceptors. The generation of this channel can be explained in terms of a cascade of structural changes arising from the Q345F exchange. The observed mechanisms are likely to be relevant for the design of other tailor-made enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kraus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Grimm
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a plant polyphenol, has important drug-like properties, but its pharmacological exploitation in vivo is hindered by its rapid transformation via phase II conjugative metabolism. One approach to bypass this problem relies on prodrugs. We report here the synthesis, characterization, stability and in vivo pharmacokinetic behaviour of prodrugs of resveratrol in which the OH groups are engaged in an N-monosubstituted carbamate ester (-OC(O)NHR) linkage with a natural amino acid (Leu, Ile, Phe, Thr) to prevent conjugation and modulate the physicochemical properties of the molecule. We also report a convenient, high-yield protocol to obtain derivatives of this type. The new carbamate ester derivatives are stable at pH 1, while they undergo slow hydrolysis at physiological pH and hydrolyse with kinetics suitable for use in prodrugs in whole blood. After administration to rats by oral gavage the isoleucine-containing prodrug was significantly absorbed, and was present in the bloodstream as non-metabolized unaltered or partially deprotected species, demonstrating effective shielding from first-pass metabolism. We conclude that prodrugs based on the N-monosubstituted carbamate ester bond have the appropriate stability profile for the systemic delivery of phenolic compounds.
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N-Monosubstituted Methoxy-oligo(ethylene glycol) Carbamate Ester Prodrugs of Resveratrol. Molecules 2015; 20:16085-102. [PMID: 26404221 PMCID: PMC6332312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with many interesting biological activities. Its pharmacological exploitation in vivo is, however, hindered by its rapid elimination via phase II conjugative metabolism at the intestinal and, most importantly, hepatic levels. One approach to bypass this problem relies on prodrugs. We report here the synthesis, characterization, hydrolysis, and in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of resveratrol prodrugs in which the OH groups are engaged in an N-monosubstituted carbamate ester linkage. As promoiety, methoxy-oligo(ethylene glycol) groups (m-OEG) (CH3–[OCH2CH2]n–) of defined chain length (n = 3, 4, 6) were used. These are expected to modulate the chemico-physical properties of the resulting derivatives, much like longer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains, while retaining a relatively low MW and, thus, a favorable drug loading capacity. Intragastric administration to rats resulted in the appearance in the bloodstream of the prodrug and of the products of its partial hydrolysis, confirming protection from first-pass metabolism during absorption.
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Azzolini M, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Marotta E, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Biasutto L. Synthesis and Evaluation as Prodrugs of Hydrophilic Carbamate Ester Analogues of Resveratrol. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3441-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo
3, 35131 Padova, Italy
- NÓOS Srl, via Campello sul Clitunno 34, 00181 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo
3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ester Marotta
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo
3, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo
3, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Kim SH, Adhikari BB, Cruz S, Schramm MP, Vinson JA, Narayanaswami V. Targeted intracellular delivery of resveratrol to glioblastoma cells using apolipoprotein E-containing reconstituted HDL as a nanovehicle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135130. [PMID: 26258481 PMCID: PMC4530947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to transport and deliver resveratrol to intracellular sites using apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3). Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) bearing resveratrol (rHDL/res) was prepared using phospholipids and the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr)-binding domain of apoE3. Biophysical characterization revealed that resveratrol was partitioned into the phospholipid bilayer of discoidal rHDL/res particles (~19 nm diameter). Co-immunoprecipitation studies indicated that the LDLr-binding ability of apoE3 was retained. Cellular uptake of resveratrol to intracellular sites was evaluated in glioblastoma A-172 cells by direct fluorescence using chemically synthesized NBD-labeled resveratrol (res/NBD) embedded in rHDL/res. Competition and inhibition studies indicate that the uptake is by receptor mediated endocytosis via the LDLr, with co-localization of apoE3 and res/NBD in late endosomes/lysosomes. We propose that rHDL provides an ideal hydrophobic milieu to sequester resveratrol and that rHDL containing apoE3 serves as an effective “nanovehicle” to transport and deliver resveratrol to targeted intracellular sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sea H. Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Birendra Babu Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Siobanth Cruz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Schramm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Joe A. Vinson
- Chemistry Department, Loyola Science Center, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vasanthy Narayanaswami
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Smoliga JM, Blanchard O. Enhancing the delivery of resveratrol in humans: if low bioavailability is the problem, what is the solution? Molecules 2014; 19:17154-72. [PMID: 25347459 PMCID: PMC6270951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191117154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol has emerged as a leading candidate for improving healthspan through potentially slowing the aging process and preventing chronic diseases. The poor bioavailability of resveratrol in humans has been a major concern for translating basic science findings into clinical utility. Although a number of positive findings have emerged from human clinical trials, there remain many conflicting results, which may partially be attributed to the dosing protocols used. A number of theoretical solutions have been developed to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol, including consumption with various foods, micronized powders, combining it with additional phytochemicals, controlled release devices, and nanotechnological formulations. While laboratory models indicate these approaches all have potential to improve bioavailability of resveratrol and optimize its clinical utility, there is surprisingly very little data regarding the bioavailability of resveratrol in humans. If bioavailability is indeed a limitation in the clinical utility of resveratrol, there is a need to further explore methods to optimize bioavailability in humans. This review summarizes the current bioavailability data, focusing on data from humans, and provides suggested directions for future research in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Smoliga
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, High Point University, High Point, NC 27262, USA.
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41
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New water-soluble carbamate ester derivatives of resveratrol. Molecules 2014; 19:15900-17. [PMID: 25275336 PMCID: PMC6271179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191015900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low bioavailability severely hinders exploitation of the biomedical potential of resveratrol. Extensive phase-II metabolism and poor water solubility contribute to lowering the concentrations of resveratrol in the bloodstream after oral administration. Prodrugs may provide a solution—protection of the phenolic functions hinders conjugative metabolism and can be exploited to modulate the physicochemical properties of the compound. We report here the synthesis and characterization of carbamate ester derivatives of resveratrol bearing on each nitrogen atom a methyl group and either a methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-350 (mPEG-350) or a butyl-glucosyl promoiety conferring high water solubility. Ex vivo absorption studies revealed that the butyl-glucosyl conjugate, unlike the mPEG-350 one, is able to permeate the intestinal wall. In vivo pharmacokinetics confirmed absorption after oral administration and showed that no hydrolysis of the carbamate groups takes place. Thus, sugar groups can be attached to resveratrol to obtain soluble derivatives maintaining to some degree the ability to permeate biomembranes, perhaps by facilitated or active transport.
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42
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Tang PCT, Ng YF, Ho S, Gyda M, Chan SW. Resveratrol and cardiovascular health--promising therapeutic or hopeless illusion? Pharmacol Res 2014; 90:88-115. [PMID: 25151891 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a natural polyphenolic compound that exists in Polygonum cuspidatum, grapes, peanuts and berries, as well as their manufactured products, especially red wine. Resveratrol is a pharmacologically active compound that interacts with multiple targets in a variety of cardiovascular disease models to exert protective effects or induce a reduction in cardiovascular risks parameters. This review attempts to primarily serve to summarize the current research findings regarding the putative cardioprotective effects of resveratrol and the molecular pathways underlying these effects. One intent is to hopefully provide a relatively comprehensive resource for clues that may prompt ideas for additional mechanistic studies which might further elucidate and strengthen the role of the stilbene family of compounds in cardiovascular disease and cardioprotection. Model systems that incorporate a significant functional association with tissues outside of the cardiovascular system proper, such as adipose (cell culture, obesity models) and pancreatic (diabetes) tissues, were reviewed, and the molecular pathways and/or targets related to these models and influenced by resveratrol are discussed. Because the body of work encompassing the stilbenes and other phytochemicals in the context of longevity and the ability to presumably mitigate a plethora of afflictions is replete with conflicting information and controversy, especially so with respect to the human response, we tried to remain as neutral as possible in compiling and presenting the more current data with minimal commentary, permitting the reader free reign to extract the knowledge most helpful to their own investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yam-Fung Ng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susan Ho
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Gyda
- Life Sciences Multimedia Productions, Drexel Hill, PA, USA.
| | - Shun-Wan Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Gufford BT, Chen G, Lazarus P, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. Identification of diet-derived constituents as potent inhibitors of intestinal glucuronidation. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 42:1675-83. [PMID: 25008344 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.059451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes within enterocytes constitute a key barrier to xenobiotic entry into the systemic circulation. Furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice are cornerstone examples of diet-derived xenobiotics that perpetrate interactions with drugs via mechanism-based inhibition of intestinal CYP3A4. Relative to intestinal CYP3A4-mediated inhibition, alternate mechanisms underlying dietary substance-drug interactions remain understudied. A working systematic framework was applied to a panel of structurally diverse diet-derived constituents/extracts (n = 15) as inhibitors of intestinal UDP-glucuronosyl transferases (UGTs) to identify and characterize additional perpetrators of dietary substance-drug interactions. Using a screening assay involving the nonspecific UGT probe substrate 4-methylumbelliferone, human intestinal microsomes, and human embryonic kidney cell lysates overexpressing gut-relevant UGT1A isoforms, 14 diet-derived constituents/extracts inhibited UGT activity by >50% in at least one enzyme source, prompting IC(50) determination. The IC(50) values of 13 constituents/extracts (≤10 μM with at least one enzyme source) were well below intestinal tissue concentrations or concentrations in relevant juices, suggesting that these diet-derived substances can inhibit intestinal UGTs at clinically achievable concentrations. Evaluation of the effect of inhibitor depletion on IC(50) determination demonstrated substantial impact (up to 2.8-fold shift) using silybin A and silybin B, two key flavonolignans from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) as exemplar inhibitors, highlighting an important consideration for interpretation of UGT inhibition in vitro. Results from this work will help refine a working systematic framework to identify dietary substance-drug interactions that warrant advanced modeling and simulation to inform clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Gufford
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Gang Chen
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Tyler N Graf
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology (B.T.G., M.F.P.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (G.C., P.L.), Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
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44
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Ye Y, Fang F, Li Y. Isolation of the sapogenin from defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera and its neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6175-6182. [PMID: 24909656 DOI: 10.1021/jf501166w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sasanqua saponin is a major active compound in the defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera but is always discarded without effective utilization. The sapogenin from hydrolysis of sasanqua saponin was purified, and its amination derivative was investigated on its neuroprotective effects, which were evaluated by animal models of Parkinson disease in mice induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The results showed that the sapogenin and its derivative increased dopamine content in striatum and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells in substantia nigra and relieved inflammation and behavioral disorder, but the effect on movement was reversed by dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol and was not intervened by adenosine receptor antagonist CGS 15943. Molecular simulation showed the interaction between dopamine receptor and the sapogenin or its derivative. It is proven that the sapogenin can protect dopamine neurons through antineuroinflammation and activation of dopamine receptor rather than adenosine receptor, and its amination improves the effects. This research provides the prospective prodrugs for Parkinson disease and a new medicinal application of sasanqua saponin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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45
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Russo GL, Russo M, Spagnuolo C. The pleiotropic flavonoid quercetin: from its metabolism to the inhibition of protein kinases in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Food Funct 2014; 5:2393-2401. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin inhibits the key protein kinases active in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, ameliorating anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Russo
- Istituto Scienze dell'Alimentazione
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- CNR
- Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- Istituto Scienze dell'Alimentazione
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- CNR
- Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Istituto Scienze dell'Alimentazione
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- CNR
- Avellino, Italy
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