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Yu X, Zhu L. Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances and Challenges. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1867-1886. [PMID: 38414525 PMCID: PMC10898486 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s442768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the frequency of bone metastases from breast cancer has increased, effective treatment is lacking, prompting the development of nanomedicine, which involves the use of nanotechnology for disease diagnosis and treatment. Nanocarrier drug delivery systems offer several advantages over traditional drug delivery methods, such as higher reliability and biological activity, improved penetration and retention, and precise targeting and delivery. Various nanoparticles that can selectively target tumor cells without causing harm to healthy cells or organs have been synthesized. Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled the diagnosis and prevention of metastatic diseases as well as the ability to deliver complex molecular "cargo" particles to metastatic regions. Nanoparticles can modulate systemic biodistribution and enable the targeted accumulation of therapeutic agents. Several delivery strategies are used to treat bone metastases, including untargeted delivery, bone-targeted delivery, and cancer cell-targeted delivery. Combining targeted agents with nanoparticles enhances the selective delivery of payloads to breast cancer bone metastatic lesions, providing multiple delivery advantages for treatment. In this review, we describe recent advances in nanoparticle development for treating breast cancer bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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2
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Mushtaq A, Li L, Grøndahl L, A A. Targeted Nanoparticles Based on Alendronate Polyethylene Glycol Conjugated Chitosan for the Delivery of siRNA and Curcumin for Bone Metastasized Breast Cancer Applications. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300268. [PMID: 37794635 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasized breast cancer reduces the quality of life and median survival. Targeted delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and chemotherapeutic drugs using nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising strategy to overcome current limitations in treating these metastatic breast cancers. This research develops alendronate conjugated polyethylene glycol functionalized chitosan (ALD-PEG-CHI) NP for the delivery of cell death siRNA (CD-siRNA) and curcumin (CUR) and explores its targeting ability and in vitro cell cytotoxicity. Polyethylene glycol functionalized CHI (mPEG-CHI) NPs serve as control. The size of CD-siRNA loaded NPs is below 100 nm while CUR loaded NPs is below 200 nm, with near neutral zeta potential for all NPs. The CUR encapsulation efficiency (EE) is 70% and 88% for targeted and control NPs, respectively, while complete encapsulation of CD-siRNA is achieved in both NP systems. The bone targeting ability of CY5-dsDNA loaded ALD-PEG-CHI NPs using hydroxyapatite discs is fivefold compared to control indicating ALD presentation at the targeting NP surface. Delivery of CD-siRNA loaded NPs and CUR loaded NPs show synergistic and additive growth inhibition effects against MCF-7 cells by mPEG-CHI and ALD-PEG-CHI NPs, respectively. Overall, these in vitro results illustrate the potential of the targeted NPs as an effective therapeutic system toward bone metastasized breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Mushtaq
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Anitha A
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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3
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Qiu E, Liu F. PLGA-based drug delivery systems in treating bone tumors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1199343. [PMID: 37324432 PMCID: PMC10267463 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1199343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tumor has become a common disease that endangers human health. Surgical resection of bone tumors not only causes biomechanical defects of bone but also destroys the continuity and integrity of bone and cannot completely remove the local tumor cells. The remaining tumor cells in the lesion bring a hidden danger of local recurrence. To improve the chemotherapeutic effect and effectively clear tumor cells, traditional systemic chemotherapy often requires higher doses, and high doses of chemotherapeutic drugs inevitably cause a series of systemic toxic side effects, often intolerable to patients. PLGA-based drug delivery systems, such as nano delivery systems and scaffold-based local delivery systems, can help eliminate tumors and promote bone regeneration and therefore have more significant potential for application in bone tumor treatment. In this review, we summarize the research progress of PLGA nano drug delivery systems and PLGA scaffold-based local delivery systems in bone tumor treatment applications, expecting to provide a theoretical basis for developing novel bone tumor treatment strategies.
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4
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Haq Khan ZU, Khan TM, Khan A, Shah NS, Muhammad N, Tahir K, Iqbal J, Rahim A, Khasim S, Ahmad I, Shabbir K, Gul NS, Wu J. Brief review: Applications of nanocomposite in electrochemical sensor and drugs delivery. Front Chem 2023; 11:1152217. [PMID: 37007050 PMCID: PMC10060975 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1152217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent advancement of nanoparticles (NPs) holds significant potential for treating various ailments. NPs are employed as drug carriers for diseases like cancer because of their small size and increased stability. In addition, they have several desirable properties that make them ideal for treating bone cancer, including high stability, specificity, higher sensitivity, and efficacy. Furthermore, they might be taken into account to permit the precise drug release from the matrix. Drug delivery systems for cancer treatment have progressed to include nanocomposites, metallic NPs, dendrimers, and liposomes. Materials’ mechanical strength, hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity, and electrochemical sensors are significantly improved using nanoparticles (NPs). New sensing devices, drug delivery systems, electrochemical sensors, and biosensors can all benefit considerably from the NPs’ exceptional physical and chemical capabilities. Nanotechnology is discussed in this article from a variety of angles, including its recent applications in the medical sciences for the effective treatment of bone cancers and its potential as a promising option for treating other complex health anomalies via the use of anti-tumour therapy, radiotherapy, the delivery of proteins, antibiotics, and vaccines, and other methods. This also brings to light the role that model simulations can play in diagnosing and treating bone cancer, an area where Nanomedicine has recently been formulated. There has been a recent uptick in using nanotechnology to treat conditions affecting the skeleton. Consequently, it will pave the door for more effective utilization of cutting-edge technology, including electrochemical sensors and biosensors, and improved therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ul Haq Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Zia Ul Haq Khan, ; Noor Shad Gul,
| | - Taj Malook Khan
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, Pakistan
| | - Noor Samad Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Tahir
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Khasim
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Noor Shad Gul
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zia Ul Haq Khan, ; Noor Shad Gul,
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Hegde M, Naliyadhara N, Unnikrishnan J, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer metastases: Current and future perspectives. Cancer Lett 2023; 556:216066. [PMID: 36649823 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for greater than 90% of cancer-related deaths. Despite recent advancements in conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and their rational combinations, metastatic cancers remain essentially untreatable. The distinct obstacles to treat metastases include their small size, high multiplicity, redundancy, therapeutic resistance, and dissemination to multiple organs. Recent advancements in nanotechnology provide the numerous applications in the diagnosis and prophylaxis of metastatic diseases, including the small particle size to penetrate cell membrane and blood vessels and their capacity to transport complex molecular 'cargo' particles to various metastatic regions such as bones, brain, liver, lungs, and lymph nodes. Indeed, nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated a significant ability to target specific cells within these organs. In this regard, the purpose of this review is to summarize the present state of nanotechnology in terms of its application in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic cancer. We intensively reviewed applications of NPs in fluorescent imaging, PET scanning, MRI, and photoacoustic imaging to detect metastasis in various cancer models. The use of targeted NPs for cancer ablation in conjunction with chemotherapy, photothermal treatment, immuno therapy, and combination therapy is thoroughly discussed. The current review also highlights the research opportunities and challenges of leveraging engineering technologies with cancer cell biology and pharmacology to fabricate nanoscience-based tools for treating metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Jyothsna Unnikrishnan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; Computers and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Hu B, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Li Z, Jing Y, Yao J, Sun S. Research progress of bone-targeted drug delivery system on metastatic bone tumors. J Control Release 2022; 350:377-388. [PMID: 36007681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastases are common in malignant tumors and the effect of conventional treatment is limited. How to effectively inhibit tumor bone metastasis and deliver the drug to the bone has become an urgent issue to be solved. While bone targeting drug delivery systems have obvious advantages in the treatment of bone tumors. The research on bone-targeted anti-tumor therapy has made significant progress in recent years. We introduced the related tumor pathways of bone metastases. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in metastatic bone tumors. We introduce a drug-loading systems based on different environment-responsive nanocomposites for anti-tumor and anti-metastatic research. According to the process of bone metastases and the structure of bone tissue, we summarized the information on bone-targeting molecules. Bisphosphate has become the first choice of bone-targeted drug delivery carrier because of its affinity with hydroxyapatite in bone. Therefore, we sought to summarize the bone-targeting molecule of bisphosphate to identify the modification effect on bone-targeting. And this paper discusses the relationship between bisphosphate bone targeting molecular structure and drug delivery carriers, to provide some new ideas for the research and development of bone-targeting drug delivery carriers. Targeted therapy will make a more outstanding contribution to the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hu
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Jing
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China.
| | - Shiguo Sun
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China.
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7
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Singh Y, Subbarao N, Jaimini A, Hathaway QA, Kunovac A, Erickson B, Swarup V, Singh HN. Genome-wide expression reveals potential biomarkers in breast cancer bone metastasis. J Integr Bioinform 2022; 19:jib-2021-0041. [PMID: 35388653 PMCID: PMC9521824 DOI: 10.1515/jib-2021-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer metastases are most commonly found in bone, an indication of poor prognosis. Pathway-based biomarkers identification may help elucidate the cellular signature of breast cancer metastasis in bone, further characterizing the etiology and promoting new therapeutic approaches. We extracted gene expression profiles from mouse macrophages from the GEO dataset, GSE152795 using the GEO2R webtool. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered by log2 fold-change with threshold 1.5 (FDR < 0.05). STRING database and Enrichr were used for GO-term analysis, miRNA and TF analysis associated with DEGs. Autodock Vienna was exploited to investigate interaction of anti-cancer drugs, Actinomycin-D and Adriamycin. Sensitivity and specificity of DEGs was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. A total of 61 DEGs, included 27 down-regulated and 34 up-regulated, were found to be significant in breast cancer bone metastasis. Major DEGs were associated with lipid metabolism and immunological response of tumor tissue. Crucial DEGs, Bcl3, ADGRG7, FABP4, VCAN, and IRF4 were regulated by miRNAs, miR-497, miR-574, miR-138 and TFs, CCDN1, STAT6, IRF8. Docking analysis showed that these genes possessed strong binding with the drugs. ROC analysis demonstrated Bcl3 is specific to metastasis. DEGs Bcl3, ADGRG7, FABP4, IRF4, their regulating miRNAs and TFs have strong impact on proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer in bone tissues. In conclusion, present study revealed that DEGs are directly involved in of breast tumor metastasis in bone tissues. Identified genes, miRNAs, and TFs can be possible drug targets that may be used for the therapeutics. However, further experimental validation is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashbir Singh
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav Jaimini
- Divisions of PET Imaging, MIRC, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Heart & Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Vishnu Swarup
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Narayan Singh
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille 13288, France.,MTA Infotech, Varanasi, India
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8
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Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: A Narrative Review of Emerging Targeted Drug Delivery Systems. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030388. [PMID: 35159207 PMCID: PMC8833898 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common metastatic sites among breast cancer (BC) patients. Once bone metastasis is developed, patients' survival and quality of life will be significantly declined. At present, there are limited therapeutic options for BC patients with bone metastasis. Different nanotechnology-based delivery systems have been developed aiming to specifically deliver the therapeutic agents to the bone. The conjugation of targeting agents to nanoparticles can enhance the selective delivery of various payloads to the metastatic bone lesion. The current review highlights promising and emerging advanced nanotechnologies designed for targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics, contrast agents, photodynamic and photothermal materials to the bone to achieve the goal of treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of BC bone metastasis. A better understanding of various properties of these new therapeutic approaches may open up new landscapes in medicine towards improving the quality of life and overall survival of BC patients who experience bone metastasis.
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Argenziano M, Arpicco S, Brusa P, Cavalli R, Chirio D, Dosio F, Gallarate M, Peira E, Stella B, Ugazio E. Developing Actively Targeted Nanoparticles to Fight Cancer: Focus on Italian Research. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101538. [PMID: 34683830 PMCID: PMC8540327 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Active targeting is a valuable and promising approach with which to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of nanodelivery systems, and the development of tumor-targeted nanoparticles has therefore attracted much research attention. In this field, the research carried out in Italian Pharmaceutical Technology academic groups has been focused on the development of actively targeted nanosystems using a multidisciplinary approach. To highlight these efforts, this review reports a thorough description of the last 10 years of Italian research results on the development of actively targeted nanoparticles to direct drugs towards different receptors that are overexpressed on cancer cells or in the tumor microenvironment. In particular, the review discusses polymeric nanocarriers, liposomes, lipoplexes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, squalene nanoassemblies and nanobubbles. For each nanocarrier, the main ligands, conjugation strategies and target receptors are described. The literature indicates that polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes stand out as key tools for improving specific drug delivery to the site of action. In addition, solid lipid nanoparticles, squalene nanoparticles and nanobubbles have also been successfully proposed. Taken together, these strategies all offer many platforms for the design of nanocarriers that are suitable for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Arpicco
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.G.); Tel.: +39-011-670-6668 (S.A.); +39-011-670-7194 (M.G.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marina Gallarate
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.G.); Tel.: +39-011-670-6668 (S.A.); +39-011-670-7194 (M.G.)
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Barik D, Dash P, Uma PI, Kumari S, Dash M. A Review on Re-Packaging of Bisphosphonates Using Biomaterials. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3757-3772. [PMID: 34474062 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The need for bone repair and insight into new regeneration therapies as well as improvement of existing regeneration routes is constantly increasing as a direct consequence of the rise in the number of trauma victims, musculoskeletal disorders, and increased life expectancy. Bisphosphonates (BPs) have emerged as a class of drugs with proven efficacy against many bone disorders. The most recent ability of this class of drugs is being explored in its anti-cancer ability. However, despite the pharmacological success, there are certain shortcomings that have circumvented this class of the drug. The mediation of biomaterials in delivering bisphosphonates has greatly helped in overcoming some of these shortcomings. This article is focused on reviewing the benefits the bisphosphonates have provided upon getting delivered via the use of biomaterials. Furthermore, the role of bisphosphonates as a potent anticancer agent is also accounted. It is witnessed that employing engineering tools in combination with therapeutics has the potential to provide solutions to bone loss from degenerative, surgical, or traumatic processes, and also aid in accelerating the healing of large bone fractures and problematic non-union fractures. The role of nanotechnology in enhancing the efficacy of the bisphosphonates is also reviewed and innovative approaches are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debyashreeta Barik
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, 751024, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratigyan Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, 751024, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P I Uma
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
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11
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Bădilă AE, Rădulescu DM, Niculescu AG, Grumezescu AM, Rădulescu M, Rădulescu AR. Recent Advances in the Treatment of Bone Metastases and Primary Bone Tumors: An Up-to-Date Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4229. [PMID: 34439383 PMCID: PMC8392383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the treatment of primary and secondary bone tumors has faced a slow-down in its development, being mainly based on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical interventions. However, these conventional therapeutic strategies present a series of disadvantages (e.g., multidrug resistance, tumor recurrence, severe side effects, formation of large bone defects), which limit their application and efficacy. In recent years, these procedures were combined with several adjuvant therapies, with different degrees of success. To overcome the drawbacks of current therapies and improve treatment outcomes, other strategies started being investigated, like carrier-mediated drug delivery, bone substitutes for repairing bone defects, and multifunctional scaffolds with bone tissue regeneration and antitumor properties. Thus, this paper aims to present the types of bone tumors and their current treatment approaches, further focusing on the recent advances in new therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Emilian Bădilă
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.B.); (D.M.R.); (A.R.R.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bucharest University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoș Mihai Rădulescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.B.); (D.M.R.); (A.R.R.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bucharest University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-G.N.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-G.N.); (A.M.G.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 50044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Rădulescu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Radu Rădulescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.B.); (D.M.R.); (A.R.R.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bucharest University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
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12
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D'Oronzo S, Wood S, Brown JE. "The use of bisphosphonates to treat skeletal complications in solid tumours". Bone 2021; 147:115907. [PMID: 33676057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The skeleton is the most common site of secondary disease in breast cancer and prostate cancer, with up to 80% of patients with advanced disease developing bone metastases (BM). The proportion is also substantial in advanced lung cancer (20%-40%). Because of the high prevalence of cancers of the breast, prostate and lung, these cancers account for more than 80% of cases of metastatic bone disease occurring in solid tumours. Metastatic bone disease is associated with greatly increased bone resorption by osteoclasts, leading to moderate to severe pain and other skeletal complications, with major impact on quality of life (QoL). Skeletal Related Events (SREs) have been defined as: pathological long bone or vertebral fractures; spinal cord compression; need for radiation for pain relief or to prevent fracture/spinal cord compression, need for surgery to bone and hypercalcaemia. More recently, Symptomatic Skeletal Events (SSEs) have been defined to monitor QoL. Although there are currently no curative treatments for metastatic bone disease, patients with breast or prostate cancer and BM are now surviving for several years and sometimes longer, and prevention of SREs is the key aim to optimization of QoL. Since their discovery 50 years ago and their introduction more than 30 years ago into the field of metastatic bone disease, a range of oral and intravenous bisphosphonate drugs have made a major contribution to prevention of SREs. Large trials have clearly demonstrated the clinical value of different bisphosphonate-based drugs (including the oral drugs ibandronate and clodronate and intravenous agents such as zoledronate and pamidronate), in treatment of hypercalcaemia of malignancy and the reduction of SREs and SSEs in a range of cancers. Despite the success of denosumab in reducing osteolysis, bisphosphonates also remain mainstay drugs for treatment of metastatic bone disease. Recognizing the 50th Anniversary of the discovery of bisphosphonates, this review focuses on their continuing value in BM treatment and their future potential, for example in providing a bone-targeting vehicle for cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D'Oronzo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - S Wood
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2RX, UK.
| | - J E Brown
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Rd, Broomhill, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK
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13
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Di Pompo G, Errani C, Gillies R, Mercatali L, Ibrahim T, Tamanti J, Baldini N, Avnet S. Acid-Induced Inflammatory Cytokines in Osteoblasts: A Guided Path to Osteolysis in Bone Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678532. [PMID: 34124067 PMCID: PMC8194084 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis (BM) is a dismal complication of cancer that frequently occurs in patients with advanced carcinomas and that often manifests as an osteolytic lesion. In bone, tumor cells promote an imbalance in bone remodeling via the release of growth factors that, directly or indirectly, stimulate osteoclast resorption activity. However, carcinoma cells are also characterized by an altered metabolism responsible for a decrease of extracellular pH, which, in turn, directly intensifies osteoclast bone erosion. Here, we speculated that tumor-derived acidosis causes the osteoblast–osteoclast uncoupling in BM by modulating the pro-osteoclastogenic phenotype of osteoblasts. According to our results, a low pH recruits osteoclast precursors and promotes their differentiation through the secretome of acid-stressed osteoblasts that includes pro-osteoclastogenic factors and inflammatory mediators, such as RANKL, M-CSF, TNF, IL-6, and, above the others, IL-8. The treatment with the anti-IL-6R antibody tocilizumab or with an anti-IL-8 antibody reverted this effect. Finally, in a series of BM patients, circulating levels of the osteolytic marker TRACP5b significantly correlated with IL-8. Our findings brought out that tumor-derived acidosis promotes excessive osteolysis at least in part by inducing an inflammatory phenotype in osteoblasts, and these results strengthen the use of anti-IL-6 or anti-IL-8 strategies to treat osteolysis in BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Di Pompo
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Costantino Errani
- Orthopaedic Oncology Surgical Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Robert Gillies
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Jacopo Tamanti
- National Tumor Assistance (ANT) Foundation, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Prasad SR, Kumar TSS, Jayakrishnan A. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for bone cancer therapy: a review. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33853043 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abf7d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone cancer is a malignant tumor that originates in the bone and destroys the healthy bone tissues. Of the various types of bone tumors, osteosarcoma is the most commonly diagnosed primary bone malignancy. The standard treatment for primary malignant bone tumors comprises surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Owing to the lack of proven treatments, different forms of alternative therapeutic approaches have been examined in recent decades. Among the new therapeutic methodologies, nanotechnology-based anticancer therapy has paved the way for new targeted strategies for bone cancer treatment and bone regeneration. They include approaches such as the co-delivery of multiple drug cargoes, the enhancement of their biodistribution and transport properties, normalizing accumulation and the optimization of drug release profiles to overcome shortcomings of the existing therapy. This review examines the standard treatments for osteosarcoma, their lacunae, and the evolving therapeutic strategies based on nanocarrier-mediated combinational drug delivery systems, and future perspectives for osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ram Prasad
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Trivandrum 695 014 Kerala, India
| | - T S Sampath Kumar
- Medical Materials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Jayakrishnan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Trivandrum 695 014 Kerala, India
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15
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Sreeja S, Parameshwar R, Varma PRH, Sailaja GS. Hierarchically Porous Osteoinductive Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate- co-methyl methacrylate) Scaffold with Sustained Doxorubicin Delivery for Consolidated Osteosarcoma Treatment and Bone Defect Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:701-717. [PMID: 33395260 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A bifronted cure system for osteosarcoma, a common aggressive bone tumor, is highly in demand to prevail the postsurgical adversities in connection with systemic chemotherapy and repair of critical-size bone defects. The hierarchically porous therapeutic scaffolds presented here are synthesized by free radical-initiated copolymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate [HEMA/MMA 80:20 and 90:10 mM, H2O/NaCl porogen], which are further surface-phosphorylated [P-PHM] and transformed to bifunctional by impregnating doxorubicin (DOX) [DOXP-PHM]. The P-PHM scaffolds exhibited porous microarchitecture analogous to native cancellous bone (scanning electron microscopy analysis), while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis authenticated surface phosphorylation. Based on pore characteristics, swelling attributes and slow-pace degradation, P-PHM9163 and P-PHM8263 (HEMA/MMA 90:10 and 80:20 with H2O/NaCl: 60/3.0 weight %, respectively) were chosen from the series and evaluated for osteoinductive efficacy in vitro. Both P-PHM9163 and P-PHM8263 invoked calcium phosphate mineralization in simulated physiological conditions (day 14) with Ca/P ratios of 1.58 and 1.66 respectively, comparable to human bone (1.67). Early biomineralization (Alizarin Red S and von Kossa staining) was evidenced at day 7, while osteoblast differentiation was verified by time-dependent expression of the typical late marker, osteocalcin, at day 14 and 21 in rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells. DOX-loaded P-PHM9163 (DOXP-PHM9163) exhibited pH-responsive (tumor analogous pH; 6.5) sustained release of DOX for prolonged time (up to 45 days) and invoked cellular alterations by cortical stress fiber formation and DNA fragmentation in human osteosarcoma cells leading to early apoptosis (24 h), validated by annexin V/PI staining (FACS) and immunostaining (F-actin/DAPI). Subsequent to DOX release tenure, the scaffold induced the formation of well-organized, porous post-release Ca-P apatite coating (Ca/P is 1.3) in simulated body fluid (day 14) which further endorses the dual functionality of the system. Altogether, the results accentuate that DOXP-PHM9163 is a potential bifunctional therapeutic scaffold capable of extended localized chemotherapeutic delivery in-line with inherent osteogenesis for efficient bone cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sreeja
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India
| | - Ramesh Parameshwar
- Division of Polymeric Medical Devices, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, India
| | - P R Harikrishna Varma
- Head of Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, India
| | - G S Sailaja
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India.,Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices (IUCND), Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India.,Centre for Excellence in Advanced Materials, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India
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16
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Desai SA, Manjappa A, Khulbe P. Drug delivery nanocarriers and recent advances ventured to improve therapeutic efficacy against osteosarcoma: an overview. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:4. [PMID: 33555490 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the key cancers affecting the bone tissues, primarily occurred in children and adolescence. Recently, chemotherapy followed by surgery and then post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy is widely used for the treatment of OS. However, the lack of selectivity and sensitivity to tumor cells, the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR), and dangerous side effects have restricted the use of chemotherapeutics. MAIN BODY There is an unmet need for novel drug delivery strategies for effective treatment and management of OS. Advances in nanotechnology have led to momentous progress in the design of tumor-targeted drug delivery nanocarriers (NCs) as well as functionalized smart NCs to achieve targeting and to treat OS effectively. The present review summarizes the drug delivery challenges in OS, and how organic nanoparticulate approaches are useful in overcoming barriers will be explained. The present review describes the various organic nanoparticulate approaches such as conventional nanocarriers, stimuli-responsive NCs, and ligand-based active targeting strategies tested against OS. The drug conjugates prepared with copolymer and ligand having bone affinity, and advanced promising approaches such as gene therapy, gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy, and T cell therapy tested against OS along with their reported limitations are also briefed in this review. CONCLUSION The nanoparticulate drugs, drug conjugates, and advanced therapies such as gene therapy, and T cell therapy have promising and potential application in the effective treatment of OS. However, many of the above approaches are still at the preclinical stage, and there is a long transitional period before their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Arun Desai
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Rd, Mahal, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India. .,Annasaheb Dange College of D Pharmacy, Ashta, Tal: Walwa, Dist., Sangli, Maharashtra, 416301, India.
| | - Arehalli Manjappa
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist., Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Preeti Khulbe
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Rd, Mahal, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
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17
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Conceição F, Sousa DM, Paredes J, Lamghari M. Sympathetic activity in breast cancer and metastasis: partners in crime. Bone Res 2021; 9:9. [PMID: 33547275 PMCID: PMC7864971 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of patients with advanced breast cancer present skeletal complications that severely compromise their quality of life. Breast cancer cells are characterized by a strong tropism to the bone niche. After engraftment and colonization of bone, breast cancer cells interact with native bone cells to hinder the normal bone remodeling process and establish an osteolytic "metastatic vicious cycle". The sympathetic nervous system has emerged in recent years as an important modulator of breast cancer progression and metastasis, potentiating and accelerating the onset of the vicious cycle and leading to extensive bone degradation. Furthermore, sympathetic neurotransmitters and their cognate receptors have been shown to promote several hallmarks of breast cancer, such as proliferation, angiogenesis, immune escape, and invasion of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we assembled the current knowledge concerning the complex interactions that take place in the tumor microenvironment, with a special emphasis on sympathetic modulation of breast cancer cells and stromal cells. Notably, the differential action of epinephrine and norepinephrine, through either α- or β-adrenergic receptors, on breast cancer progression prompts careful consideration when designing new therapeutic options. In addition, the contribution of sympathetic innervation to the formation of bone metastatic foci is highlighted. In particular, we address the remarkable ability of adrenergic signaling to condition the native bone remodeling process and modulate the bone vasculature, driving breast cancer cell engraftment in the bone niche. Finally, clinical perspectives and developments on the use of β-adrenergic receptor inhibitors for breast cancer management and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Conceição
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226I3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela M. Sousa
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226I3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Paredes
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226I3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226IPATIMUP—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226FMUP—Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226I3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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18
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Medina OP, Medina TP, Humbert J, Qi B, Baum W, Will O, Damm T, Glüer C. Using Alendronic Acid Coupled Fluorescently Labelled SM Liposomes as a Vehicle for Bone Targeting. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:6021-6027. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200614175905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
We recently developed a liposomal nanoparticle system that can be used for drug delivery
and simultaneously be monitored by optical or photoacoustic imaging devices. Here we tested the efficacy of
alendronate as a homing molecule in SM-liposomes for bone targeting.
Methods:
Alendronate was immobilized covalently on the liposomal surface and the fluorescent dye indocyanine
green was used as a payload in the liposomes. The indocyanine green delivery was analyzed by 3D optical tomography,
optical fluorescence scanner, photoacoustic imaging, and by ex-vivo biodistribution studies.
Results:
The results show that the alendronate, coupled to the liposomal surface, increases sphingomyelin containing
liposome targeting up to several-folds.
Conclusion:
The alendronate targeted liposomes open possibilities for an application in active bone targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Humbert
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bao Qi
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baum
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medizinische Klinik 3, Institut für Klinische Immunologie, Glückstrasse 4A, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Will
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timo Damm
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus Glüer
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
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19
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Ordikhani F, Zandi N, Mazaheri M, Luther GA, Ghovvati M, Akbarzadeh A, Annabi N. Targeted nanomedicines for the treatment of bone disease and regeneration. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1221-1254. [PMID: 33347711 DOI: 10.1002/med.21759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery by either passive or active targeting of therapeutics to the bone is an attractive treatment for various bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic bone tumors. Engineering novel drug delivery carriers can increase therapeutic efficacy and minimize the risk of side effects. Developmnet of nanocarrier delivery systems is an interesting field of ongoing studies with opportunities to provide more effective therapies. In addition, preclinical nanomedicine research can open new opportunities for preclinical bone-targeted drug delivery; nevertheless, further research is needed to progress these therapies towards clinical applications. In the present review, the latest advancements in targeting moieties and nanocarrier drug delivery systems for the treatment of bone diseases are summarized. We also review the regeneration capability and effective delivery of nanomedicines for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ordikhani
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nooshin Zandi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mozhdeh Mazaheri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gaurav A Luther
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mahsa Ghovvati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California- Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California- Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
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20
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Sawamoto K, Álvarez JV, Herreño AM, Otero-Espinar FJ, Couce ML, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Tomatsu S. Bone-Specific Drug Delivery for Osteoporosis and Rare Skeletal Disorders. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020; 18:515-525. [PMID: 32845464 PMCID: PMC7541793 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-020-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The skeletal system provides an important role to support body structure and protect organs. The complexity of its architecture and components makes it challenging to deliver the right amount of the drug into bone regions, particularly avascular cartilage lesions. In this review, we describe the recent advance of bone-targeting methods using bisphosphonates, polymeric oligopeptides, and nanoparticles on osteoporosis and rare skeletal diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Hydroxyapatite (HA), a calcium phosphate with the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, is a primary matrix of bone mineral that includes a high concentration of positively charged calcium ion and is found only in the bone. This unique feature makes HA a general targeting moiety to the entire skeletal system. We have applied bone-targeting strategy using acidic amino acid oligopeptides into lysosomal enzymes, demonstrating the effects of bone-targeting enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy on bone and cartilage lesions in inherited skeletal disorders. Virus or no-virus gene therapy using techniques of engineered capsid or nanomedicine has been studied preclinically for skeletal diseases. Efficient drug delivery into bone lesions remains an unmet challenge in clinical practice. Bone-targeting therapies based on gene transfer can be potential as new candidates for skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sawamoto
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - J Víctor Álvarez
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | - Francisco J Otero-Espinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria L Couce
- Department of CC Foren. An. Pat, Gin. and Obst. and Paed. Neonatology Service, Metabolic Unit, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos J Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Rd., Wilmington, DE, 19899-0269, USA.
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21
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Composite Xenohybrid Bovine Bone-Derived Scaffold as Bone Substitute for the Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9132675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tibial plateau fractures represent a common challenge for orthopaedic surgeons, sometimes representing complex cases to manage, where augmentation using bone grafts is required for stabilisation. Autologous iliac bone graft (AIBG) is the current gold standard for bone grafting. In order to overcome limitations related to the procedure, alternative strategies, like allogenic and xenogeneic bone substitutes have been investigated. Here, within the framework of an observational clinical study, we report clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated for tibial plateau fractures with a composite xenohybrid bone graft, aiming at assessing clinical and radiological outcomes. Materials and Methods: We performed a cohort retrospective study of patients treated for tibial plateau fractures from May 2017 to January 2018. Thirty-four patients, i.e. 100% of those having received the bone graft under investigation for tibial plateaux fracture treatment, met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed at 2 weeks, and then at a 1-, 3-, and 6-months, and 1-year follow-up. At each evaluation patients filled a visual analogue scale (VAS) for the level of pain during the day life activities and underwent physical exam and anteroposterior and lateral projection radiographs of the knee. At 1 year the Tegner Lysholm Scoring Scale, International Knee Document Committee 2000 (IKDC 2000), and Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) were administered. Results: At 1-year, mean VAS decreased from 6.33 ± 1.40 to 1 ± 0.79 (P < 0.0001); Tegner Lysholm Scoring Scale was 89 ± 4.10 and mean IKDC 2000 was 78.67 ± 3.31. No infections, neurovascular complications or adverse effects related to implants were reported during the clinical exams at follow-up. Mean ROM was 124 ± 6°. Radiographs did not show defects of consolidation or progressive post-surgical subsidence and demonstrated a good grade of integration of the implant. Conclusions: Clinical and radiological outcomes, and scores of questionnaires, were good. The xenograft has demonstrated to be a safe biomaterial, with satisfactory mechanical and biological performances in the mid-term period. It also showed a high grade of osteointegration and remodelling.
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22
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Bisso S, Mura S, Castagner B, Couvreur P, Leroux JC. Dual delivery of nucleic acids and PEGylated-bisphosphonates via calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:142-152. [PMID: 31220571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite many years of research and a few success stories with gene therapeutics, efficient and safe DNA delivery remains a major bottleneck for the clinical translation of gene-based therapies. Gene transfection with calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles brings the advantages of low toxicity, high DNA entrapment efficiency and good endosomal escape properties. The macroscale aggregation of CaP nanoparticles can be easily prevented through surface coating with bisphosphonate conjugates. Bisphosphonates, such as alendronate, recently showed promising anticancer effects. However, their poor cellular permeability and preferential bone accumulation hamper their full application in chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the dual delivery of plasmid DNA and alendronate using CaP nanoparticles, with the goal to facilitate cellular internalization of both compounds and potentially achieve a combined pharmacological effect on the same or different cell lines. A pH-sensitive poly(ethylene glycol)-alendronate conjugate was synthetized and used to formulate stable plasmid DNA-loaded CaP nanoparticles. These particles displayed good transfection efficiency in cancer cells and a strong cytotoxic effect on macrophages. The in vivo transfection efficiency, however, remained low, calling for an improvement of the system, possibly with respect to the extent of particle uptake and their physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Bisso
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Mura
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Bastien Castagner
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Chen C, Li Y, Yu X, Jiang Q, Xu X, Yang Q, Qian Z. Bone-targeting melphalan prodrug with tumor-microenvironment sensitivity: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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24
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Adjei IM, Temples MN, Brown SB, Sharma B. Targeted Nanomedicine to Treat Bone Metastasis. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E205. [PMID: 30366428 PMCID: PMC6320768 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are common complications of solid tumors, particularly those of the prostate, breast, and lungs. Bone metastases can lead to painful and devastating skeletal-related events (SREs), such as pathological fractures and nerve compressions. Despite advances in treatment for cancers in general, options for bone metastases remain inadequate and generally palliative. Anticancer drugs (chemotherapy and radiopharmaceuticals) do not achieve therapeutic concentrations in the bone and are associated with dose-limiting side effects to healthy tissues. Nanomedicines, with their tunable characteristics, have the potential to improve drug targeting to bone metastases while decreasing side effects for their effective treatment. In this review, we present the current state of the art for nanomedicines to treat bone metastases. We also discuss new treatment modalities enhanced by nanomedicine and their effects on SREs and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Adjei
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA.
| | - Madison N Temples
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA.
| | - Shannon B Brown
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA.
| | - Blanka Sharma
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA.
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25
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Deshantri AK, Varela Moreira A, Ecker V, Mandhane SN, Schiffelers RM, Buchner M, Fens MHAM. Nanomedicines for the treatment of hematological malignancies. J Control Release 2018; 287:194-215. [PMID: 30165140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies (HM) are a collection of malignant transformations originating from cells in the primary or secondary lymphoid organs. Leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma comprise the three major types of HM. Current treatment consists of bone marrow transplantation, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Although, many chemotherapeutic drugs are clinically available for the treatment of HM, the use of these agents is limited due to dose-related toxicity and lack of specificity to tumor tissue. Moreover, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of most of the chemotherapeutics requires high dosage and frequent administration to maintain therapeutic levels at the target site, both increasing adverse effects. This underlines an urgent need for a suitable drug delivery system to improve efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties of conventional therapeutics. Nanomedicines have proven to enhance these properties for anticancer therapeutics. The most extensively studied nanomedicine systems are lipid-based nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles. Typically, nanomedicines are small sub-micron sized particles in the size range of 20-200 nm. The biocompatible and biodegradable nature of nanomedicines makes them attractive vehicles to improve drug delivery. Their small size allows them to extravasate and accumulate at malignant sites passively by means of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, resulting from rapid angiogenesis and inflammation. Moreover, the specificity to the target tissue can be further enhanced by surface modification of nanoparticles. This review describes currently available therapies as well as limitations and potential advantages of nanomedicine formulations for treatment of various types of HM. Additionally, recent investigational and approved nanomedicine formulations and their limited applications in HM are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Deshantri
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd, India
| | - Aida Varela Moreira
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Veronika Ecker
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sanjay N Mandhane
- Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd, India
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maike Buchner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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26
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Ferracini R, Martínez Herreros I, Russo A, Casalini T, Rossi F, Perale G. Scaffolds as Structural Tools for Bone-Targeted Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10030122. [PMID: 30096765 PMCID: PMC6161191 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone has a high potential to regenerate itself after damage and injury, the efficacious repair of large bone defects resulting from resection, trauma or non-union fractures still requires the implantation of bone grafts. Materials science, in conjunction with biotechnology, can satisfy these needs by developing artificial bones, synthetic substitutes and organ implants. In particular, recent advances in materials science have provided several innovations, underlying the increasing importance of biomaterials in this field. To address the increasing need for improved bone substitutes, tissue engineering seeks to create synthetic, three-dimensional scaffolds made from organic or inorganic materials, incorporating drugs and growth factors, to induce new bone tissue formation. This review emphasizes recent progress in materials science that allows reliable scaffolds to be synthesized for targeted drug delivery in bone regeneration, also with respect to past directions no longer considered promising. A general overview concerning modeling approaches suitable for the discussed systems is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ferracini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Isabel Martínez Herreros
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Casalini
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute for Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via Cantonale 2C, Galleria, 26928 Manno, Switzerland.
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute for Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via Cantonale 2C, Galleria, 26928 Manno, Switzerland.
- Industrie Biomediche Insubri SA, Via Cantonale 67, 6805 Mezzovico-Vira, Switzerland.
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Farrell KB, Karpeisky A, Thamm DH, Zinnen S. Bisphosphonate conjugation for bone specific drug targeting. Bone Rep 2018; 9:47-60. [PMID: 29992180 PMCID: PMC6037665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bones provide essential functions and are sites of unique biochemistry and specialized cells, but can also be sites of disease. The treatment of bone disorders and neoplasia has presented difficulties in the past, and improved delivery of drugs to bone remains an important goal for achieving effective treatments. Drug targeting strategies have improved drug localization to bone by taking advantage of the high mineral concentration unique to the bone hydroxyapatite matrix, as well as tissue-specific cell types. The bisphosphonate molecule class binds specifically to hydroxyapatite and inhibits osteoclast resorption of bone, providing direct treatment for degenerative bone disorders, and as emerging evidence suggests, cancer. These bone-binding molecules also provide the opportunity to deliver other drugs specifically to bone by bisphosphonate conjugation. Bisphosphonate bone-targeted therapies have been successful in treatment of osteoporosis, primary and metastatic neoplasms of the bone, and other bone disorders, as well as refining bone imaging. In this review, we focus upon the use of bisphosphonate conjugates with antineoplastic agents, and overview bisphosphonate based imaging agents, nanoparticles, and other drugs. We also discuss linker design potential and the current state of bisphosphonate conjugate research progress. Ongoing investigations continue to expand the possibilities for bone-targeted therapeutics and for extending their reach into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen B Farrell
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
| | - Alexander Karpeisky
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1620, United States of America
| | - Shawn Zinnen
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
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28
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Wang Y, Newman MR, Benoit DSW. Development of controlled drug delivery systems for bone fracture-targeted therapeutic delivery: A review. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:223-236. [PMID: 29471078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired fracture healing is a major clinical problem that can lead to patient disability, prolonged hospitalization, and significant financial burden. Although the majority of fractures heal using standard clinical practices, approximately 10% suffer from delayed unions or non-unions. A wide range of factors contribute to the risk for nonunions including internal factors, such as patient age, gender, and comorbidities, and external factors, such as the location and extent of injury. Current clinical approaches to treat nonunions include bone grafts and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), which realizes clinical success only to select patients due to limitations including donor morbidities (grafts) and necessity of fracture reduction (LIPUS), respectively. To date, therapeutic approaches for bone regeneration rely heavily on protein-based growth factors such as INFUSE, an FDA-approved scaffold for delivery of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Small molecule modulators and RNAi therapeutics are under development to circumvent challenges associated with traditional growth factors. While preclinical studies has shown promise, drug delivery has become a major hurdle stalling clinical translation. Therefore, this review overviews current therapies employed to stimulate fracture healing pre-clinically and clinically, including a focus on drug delivery systems for growth factors, parathyroid hormone (PTH), small molecules, and RNAi therapeutics, as well as recent advances and future promise of fracture-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Maureen R Newman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Danielle S W Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, 4517 Wegmans Hall, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Oral Biology, 601 Elmwood Ave, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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29
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Ruan SQ, Deng J, Yan L, Huang WL. Composite scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells promote the repair of radial bone defects in rabbit model. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:600-606. [PMID: 29101803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of three-dimensional scaffolds of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite (SF/CS/nHA) and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the repair of long segmental bone defects in rabbits. BMSCs were cultured with SF/CS/nHA in vitro, and cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and Ca2+ content were examined. A 15mm segmental defect in the radius was generated in 12 New Zealand White rabbits, which were divided randomly into three groups (n=4): experimental group with SF/CS/nHA scaffold of induced BMSCs; control group with SF/CS/nHA scaffold; and blank group without any materials. Postoperatively at 12 weeks, osteogenesis effect and the degradation and absorption of SF/CS/nHA were evaluated by X-ray, hematoxylin eosin staining, and scanning electron microscopy. In vitro, SF/CS/nHA scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility and no toxicity. SF/CS/nHA promoted adhesion, growth, and calcium nodule formation of BMSCs compared to control (P<0.05). In vivo, we observed gradual new bone formation and bone defect gradually recovered at 12 weeks in experimental and control group, but more new bone was formed in experimental group (P<0.05). In blank group, limited bone formation was observed and bone defect was obvious. In conclusion, SF/CS/nHA scaffolds loaded with BMSCs achieve high efficacy to repair segmental defect in the radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Jiang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Wen-Liang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, 563003, China
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30
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Ye P, Yu B, Deng J, She RF, Huang WL. Application of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold in the repair of rabbit radial bone defect. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5547-5553. [PMID: 29285090 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF), chitosan (CS) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) possess excellent biocompatibility, thus, these were used to construct a SF/CS/nHA composite scaffold. Previously published results identified that this material exhibited satisfactory physical and chemical properties, and therefore qualified as a repair material in bone tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to investigate the capacity and mechanism of this composite scaffold in repairing bone defects. In total, 45 New Zealand white rabbits were used to model defect in the right radial bone. A radial bone defect was induced, and rabbits were divided into the following treatment groups (n=15 in each): Group A, in which the SF/CS/nHA scaffold was implanted; group B, in which the SF/CS scaffold was implanted; and group C, in which rabbits did not receive subsequent treatment. X-ray scanning, specimen observation and histopathological examination were implemented at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months after modeling, in order to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and mechanism. At 1 month after modeling, the bone density shadow in the X-ray scan was darker in group A as compared with that in group B. Observation of the pathological specimens indicated that normal bone tissues partially replaced the scaffold. At 2 months, the bone density shadow of group A was similar to normal bone tissues, and normal tissue began to replace the scaffold. At 3-4 months after modeling, the X-ray scan and histopathological observation indicated that the normal bone tissues completely replaced the scaffold in group A, with an unobstructed marrow cavity. However, the bone mass of group B was lower in comparison with that of group A. The bone defect induced in group C was filled with fibrous connective tissues. Therefore, it was concluded that the SF/CS/nHA composite scaffold may be a promising material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Southern Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Feng She
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Liang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
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31
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Wang Y, Newman MR, Ackun-Farmmer M, Baranello MP, Sheu TJ, Puzas JE, Benoit DSW. Fracture-Targeted Delivery of β-Catenin Agonists via Peptide-Functionalized Nanoparticles Augments Fracture Healing. ACS NANO 2017; 11:9445-9458. [PMID: 28881139 PMCID: PMC5736386 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite several decades of progress, bone-specific drug delivery is still a major challenge. Current bone-acting drugs require high-dose systemic administration which decreases therapeutic efficacy and increases off-target tissue effects. Here, a bone-targeted nanoparticle (NP) delivery system for a β-catenin agonist, 3-amino-6-(4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-N-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide, a glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) inhibitor, was developed to enhance fracture healing. The GSK-3β inhibitor loading capacity was found to be 15 wt % within highly stable poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(styrene) NPs, resulting in ∼50 nm particles with ∼ -30 mV surface charge. A peptide with high affinity for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), a protein deposited by osteoclasts on bone resorptive surfaces, was introduced to the NP corona to achieve preferential delivery to fractured bone. Targeted NPs showed improved pharmacokinetic profiles with greater accumulation at fractured bone, accompanied by significant uptake in regenerative cell types (mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts). MSCs treated with drug-loaded NPs in vitro exhibited 2-fold greater β-catenin signaling than free drug that was sustained for 5 days. To verify similar activity in vivo, TOPGAL reporter mice bearing fractures were treated with targeted GSK-3β inhibitor-loaded NPs. Robust β-galactosidase activity was observed in fracture callus and periosteum treated with targeted carriers versus controls, indicating potent β-catenin activation during the healing process. Enhanced bone formation and microarchitecture were observed in mice treated with GSK-3β inhibitor delivered via TRAP-binding peptide-targeted NPs. Specifically, increased bone bridging, ∼4-fold greater torsional rigidity, and greater volumes of newly deposited bone were observed 28 days after treatment, indicating expedited fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Maureen R. Newman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Marian Ackun-Farmmer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Michael P. Baranello
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Tzong-Jen Sheu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - J. Edward Puzas
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Danielle S. W. Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
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Abstract
The skeletal system, comprising bones, ligaments, cartilage and their connective tissues, is critical for the structure and support of the body. Diseases that affect the skeletal system can be difficult to treat, mainly because of the avascular cartilage region. Targeting drugs to the site of action can not only increase efficacy but also reduce toxicity. Bone-targeting drugs are designed with either of two general targeting moieties, aimed at the entire skeletal system or a specific cell type. Most bone-targeting drugs utilize an affinity to hydroxyapatite, a major component of the bone matrix that includes a high concentration of positively-charged Ca2+. The strategies for designing such targeting moieties can involve synthetic and/or biological components including negatively-charged amino acid peptides or bisphosphonates. Efficient delivery of bone-specific drugs provides significant impact in the treatment of skeletal related disorders including infectious diseases (osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, etc.), osteoporosis, and metabolic skeletal dysplasia. Despite recent advances, however, both delivering the drug to its target without losing activity and avoiding adverse local effects remain a challenge. In this review, we investigate the current development of bone-targeting moieties, their efficacy and limitations, and discuss future directions for the development of these specific targeted treatments.
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33
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Di Pompo G, Lemma S, Canti L, Rucci N, Ponzetti M, Errani C, Donati DM, Russell S, Gillies R, Chano T, Baldini N, Avnet S. Intratumoral acidosis fosters cancer-induced bone pain through the activation of the mesenchymal tumor-associated stroma in bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54478-54496. [PMID: 28903357 PMCID: PMC5589596 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is common in patients with bone metastases (BM), significantly impairing quality of life. The current treatments for CIBP are limited since they are often ineffective. Local acidosis derived from glycolytic carcinoma and tumor-induced osteolysis is only barely explored cause of pain. We found that breast carcinoma cells that prefer bone as a metastatic site have very high extracellular proton efflux and expression of pumps/ion transporters associated with acid-base balance (MCT4, CA9, and V-ATPase). Further, the impairment of intratumoral acidification via V-ATPase targeting in xenografts with BM significantly reduced CIBP, as measured by incapacitance test. We hypothesize that in addition to the direct acid-induced stimulation of nociceptors in the bone, a novel mechanism mediated by the acid-induced and tumor-associated mesenchymal stroma might ultimately lead to nociceptor sensitization and hyperalgesia. Consistent with this, short-term exposure of cancer-associated fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and osteoblasts to pH 6.8 promotes the expression of inflammatory and nociceptive mediators (NGF, BDNF, IL6, IL8, IL1b and CCL5). This is also consistent with a significant correlation between breakthrough pain, measured by pain questionnaire, and combined high serum levels of BDNF and IL6 in patients with BM, and also by immunofluorescence staining showing IL8 expression that was more in mesenchymal stromal cells rather than in tumors cells, and close to LAMP-2 positive acidifying carcinoma cells in BM tissue sections. In summary, intratumoral acidification in BM might promote CIBP also by activating the tumor-associated stroma, offering a new target for palliative treatments in advanced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Di Pompo
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Lemma
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Canti
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Costantino Errani
- Orthopaedic Oncology Surgical Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Orthopaedic Oncology Surgical Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shonagh Russell
- Department of Imaging Research, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert Gillies
- Department of Imaging Research, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tokuhiro Chano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Nadar RA, Margiotta N, Iafisco M, van den Beucken JJJP, Boerman OC, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Bisphosphonate-Functionalized Imaging Agents, Anti-Tumor Agents and Nanocarriers for Treatment of Bone Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28207199 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastases result from the invasion of primary tumors to bone. Current treatment modalities include local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy, while systemic treatments include chemotherapy and (palliative) treatment of skeletal metastases. Nevertheless, once bone metastases have been established they remain incurable leading to morbidity and mortality. Bisphosphonates are a well-established class of drugs, which are increasingly applied in the treatment of bone cancers owing to their effective inhibition of tumor cells and suppression of bone metastases. The increased understanding of the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates on bone and tumor cells has prompted the development of novel bisphosphonate-functionalized imaging and therapeutic agents. This review provides an update on the preclinical efficacy of bisphosphonate-functionalized fluorophore, anti-tumor agents and nanocarriers for the treatment of bone metastases. After an overview of the general characteristics of bisphosphonates and their mechanisms of action, an outline is provided on the various conjugation strategies that have become available to functionalize imaging agents, anti-tumor agents and nanocarriers with bisphosphonates. Finally, the efficacy of these bisphosphonate-modified agents and carriers in preclinical studies is evaluated by reviewing their potential to target tumors and inhibit tumor growth in clinically relevant animal models for the treatment of bone cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A. Nadar
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center; Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC); National Research Council (CNR); Via Granarolo 64 48018 Faenza Italy
| | | | - Otto C. Boerman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10 6525 AG Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Sander C. G. Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center; Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Li CJ, Liu XZ, Zhang L, Chen LB, Shi X, Wu SJ, Zhao JN. Advances in Bone-targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osteosarcoma. Orthop Surg 2017; 8:105-10. [PMID: 27384718 DOI: 10.1111/os.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy for osteosarcoma includes organ, cell and molecular biological targeting; of these, organ targeting is the most mature. Bone-targeted drug delivery systems are used to concentrate chemotherapeutic drugs in bone tissues, thus potentially resolving the problem of reaching the desired foci and minimizing the toxicity and adverse effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Some progress has been made in bone-targeted drug delivery systems for treatment of osteosarcoma; however, most are still at an experimental stage and there is a long transitional period to clinical application. Therefore, determining how to combine new, polymolecular and multi-pathway targets is an important research aspect of designing new bone-targeted drug delivery systems in future studies. The purpose of this article was to review the status of research on targeted therapy for osteosarcoma and to summarize the progress made thus far in developing bone-targeted drug delivery systems for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma with the aim of providing new ideas for highly effective therapeutic protocols with low toxicity for patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Long-Bang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Su-Jia Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ordikhani F, Sheth S, Zustiak SP. Polymeric particle-mediated molecular therapies to treat spinal cord injury. Int J Pharm 2017; 516:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Carbone EJ, Rajpura K, Allen BN, Cheng E, Ulery BD, Lo KWH. Osteotropic nanoscale drug delivery systems based on small molecule bone-targeting moieties. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:37-47. [PMID: 27562211 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone-targeted drug delivery is an active research area because successful clinical applications of this technology can significantly advance the treatment of bone injuries and disorders. Molecules with bone-targeting potential have been actively investigated as promising moieties in targeted drug delivery systems. In general, bone-targeting molecules are characterized by their high affinity for bone and their predisposition to persist in bone tissue for prolonged periods, while maintaining low systemic concentrations. Proteins, such as monoclonal antibodies, have shown promise as bone-targeting molecules; however, they suffer from several limitations including large molecular size, high production cost, and undesirable immune responses. A viable alternative associated with significantly less side effects is the use of small molecule-based targeting moieties. This review provides a summary of recent findings regarding small molecule compounds with bone-targeting capacity, as well as nanoscale targeted drug delivery approaches employing these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica J Carbone
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; UConn Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Komal Rajpura
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; Connecticut Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Brittany N Allen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Emily Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bret D Ulery
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kevin W-H Lo
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; UConn Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, USA; Connecticut Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Lv M, Li X, Huang Y, Wang N, Zhu X, Sun J. Inhibition of fibrous dysplasia via blocking Gsα with suramin sodium loaded with an alendronate-conjugated polymeric drug delivery system. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1113-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00091f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bone-targeted polymeric drug delivery system was constructed to inhibit fibrous dysplasia efficiently via blocking Gsα with suramin sodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Lv
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Shanghai 200011
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Shanghai 200011
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Ye WL, Zhao YP, Li HQ, Na R, Li F, Mei QB, Zhao MG, Zhou SY. Doxorubicin-poly (ethylene glycol)-alendronate self-assembled micelles for targeted therapy of bone metastatic cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14614. [PMID: 26419507 PMCID: PMC4588583 DOI: 10.1038/srep14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to increase the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin (DOX) on bone metastases, a multifunctional micelle was developed by combining pH-sensitive characteristics with bone active targeting capacity. The DOX loaded micelle was self-assembled by using doxorubicin-poly (ethylene glycol)-alendronate (DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN) as an amphiphilic material. The size and drug loading of DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle was 114 nm and 24.3%. In pH 5.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the micelle released DOX significantly faster than in pH 7.4 PBS. In addition, with the increase of incubation time, more red DOX fluorescence was observed in tumor cells and trafficked from cytoplasm to nucleus. The IC50 of DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle on A549 cells was obviously lower than that of free DOX in 48 h. Furthermore, the in vivo image experimental results indicated that a larger amount of DOX was accumulated in the bone metastatic tumor tissue after DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle was intravenously administered, which was confirmed by histological analysis. Finally, DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle effectively delayed the tumor growth, decreased the bone loss and reduced the cardiac toxicity in tumor-bearing nude mice as compared with free DOX. In conclusion, DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle had potential in treating bone metastatic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-liang Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi-pu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huai-qiu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ren Na
- West Changle Sanatorium for Xi'an Army Retired Cadres of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qi-bing Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ming-gao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Si-yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Song H, Zhang J, Liu X, Deng T, Yao P, Zhou S, Yan W. Development of a bone targeted thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin formulation based on a bisphosphonate modified non-ionic surfactant. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:680-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1045617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Ferreira DDS, Boratto FA, Cardoso VN, Serakides R, Fernandes SO, Ferreira LAM, Oliveira MC. Alendronate-coated long-circulating liposomes containing 99mtechnetium-ceftizoxime used to identify osteomyelitis. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2441-50. [PMID: 25848262 PMCID: PMC4381632 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s76168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a progressive destruction of bones caused by microorganisms. Inadequate or absent treatment increases the risk of bone growth inhibition, fractures, and sepsis. Among the diagnostic techniques, functional images are the most sensitive in detecting osteomyelitis in its early stages. However, these techniques do not have adequate specificity. By contrast, radiolabeled antibiotics could improve selectivity, since they are specifically recognized by the bacteria. The incorporation of these radiopharmaceuticals in drug-delivery systems with high affinity for bones could improve the overall uptake. In this work, long-circulating and alendronate-coated liposomes containing 99mtechnetium-radiolabeled ceftizoxime were prepared and their ability to identify infectious foci (osteomyelitis) in animal models was evaluated. The effect of the presence of PEGylated lipids and surface-attached alendronate was evaluated. The bone-targeted long-circulating liposomal 99mtechnetium–ceftizoxime showed higher uptake in regions of septic inflammation than did the non-long-circulating and/or alendronate-non-coated liposomes, showing that both the presence of PEGylated lipids and alendronate coating are important to optimize the bone targeting. Scintigraphic images of septic or aseptic inflammation-bearing Wistar rats, as well as healthy rats, were acquired at different time intervals after the intravenous administration of these liposomes. The target-to-non-target ratio proved to be significantly higher in the osteomyelitis-bearing animals for all investigated time intervals. Biodistribution studies were also performed after the intravenous administration of the formulation in osteomyelitis-bearing animals. A significant amount of liposomes were taken up by the organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system (liver and spleen). Intense renal excretion was also observed during the entire experiment period. Moreover, the liposome uptake by the infectious focus was significantly high. These results show that long-circulating and alendronate-coated liposomes containing 99mtechnetium-radiolabeled ceftizoxime have a tropism for infectious foci.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Alves Boratto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Cristina Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Wong BS, Teoh SH, Kang L. Polycaprolactone scaffold as targeted drug delivery system and cell attachment scaffold for postsurgical care of limb salvage. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 2:272-83. [PMID: 25787033 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-012-0096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a dual-function drug-laden polycaprolactone scaffold, which can serve as both targeted drug delivery system and attachment platform for tissue regeneration for the postsurgical care of limb salvage procedure, was developed with a simple and solvent-free molding technique. Scaffolds of varying surface architecture were created using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate microneedle arrays. A model drug, rhodamine B, was incorporated homogenously into the scaffold. In vitro drug release studies showed that rhodamine B was released in a slow and sustained manner for 112 days. Its release rate was affected by drug loading and scaffold surface architecture. Release of rhodamine B from the scaffolds followed the Higuchi diffusion model. Other drugs, namely, doxorubicin and lidocaine hydrochloride, were also effectively loaded into and released from the scaffolds. Cell attachment study demonstrated potential for the scaffolds to provide attachment platforms for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sheng Wong
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Makhdom AM, Nayef L, Tabrizian M, Hamdy RC. The potential roles of nanobiomaterials in distraction osteogenesis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Benyettou F, Rezgui R, Ravaux F, Jaber T, Blumer K, Jouiad M, Motte L, Olsen JC, Platas-Iglesias C, Magzoub M, Trabolsi A. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles for the dual delivery of doxorubicin and alendronate to cancer cells. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7237-7245. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00994d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) based drug-delivery system that achieves the simultaneous intracellular delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) and alendronate (Ald) and improves the anticancer therapeutic indices of both drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Benyettou
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - R. Rezgui
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - F. Ravaux
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - T. Jaber
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - K. Blumer
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Jouiad
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - L. Motte
- Université Paris 13
- Sorbonne Paris Cité
- Laboratoire CSPBAT
- CNRS
- (UMR 7244)
| | - J.-C. Olsen
- School of Sciences
- Indiana University Kokomo
- Kokomo
- USA
| | - C. Platas-Iglesias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Universidade da Coruña
- 15008 A Coruna
- Spain
| | - M. Magzoub
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - A. Trabolsi
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
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Low SA, Yang J, Kopeček J. Bone-targeted acid-sensitive doxorubicin conjugate micelles as potential osteosarcoma therapeutics. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:2012-20. [PMID: 25291150 PMCID: PMC4240342 DOI: 10.1021/bc500392x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignancy of the bone that primarily affects adolescents. Current treatments retain mortality rates, which are higher than average cancer mortality rates for the adolescent age group. We designed a micellar delivery system with the aim to increase drug accumulation in the tumor and potentially reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy. The design features are the use of the hydrophilic D-aspartic acid octapeptide as both the effective targeting agent as well as the hydrophilic micelle corona. Micelle stabilization was accomplished by binding of model drug (doxorubicin) via an acid-sensitive hydrazone bond and incorporating one to four 11-aminoundecanoic acid (AUA) moieties to manipulate the hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio. Four micelle-forming unimers have been synthesized and their self-assembly into micelles was evaluated. Size of the micelles could be modified by changing the architecture of the unimers from linear to branched. The stability of the micelles increased with increasing content of AUA moieties. Adsorption of all micelles to hydroxyapatite occurred rapidly. Doxorubicin release occurred at pH 5.5, whereas no release was detected at pH 7.4. Cytotoxicity toward human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells correlated with drug release data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart A Low
- Department of Bioengineering and ‡Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Gravina GL, Tortoreto M, Mancini A, Addis A, Di Cesare E, Lenzi A, Landesman Y, McCauley D, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Zaffaroni N, Festuccia C. XPO1/CRM1-selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE) reduce tumor spreading and improve overall survival in preclinical models of prostate cancer (PCa). J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:46. [PMID: 25284315 PMCID: PMC4283114 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exportin 1 (XPO1), also called chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1), is the sole exportin mediating transport of many multiple tumor suppressor proteins out of the nucleus. AIM AND METHODS To verify the hypothesis that XPO1 inhibition affects prostate cancer (PCa) metastatic potential, orally available, potent and selective, SINE compounds, Selinexor (KPT- 330) and KPT-251, were tested in preclinical models known to generate bone lesions and systemic tumor spread. RESULTS In vitro, Selinexor reduced both secretion of proteases and ability to migrate and invade of PCa cells. SINEs impaired secretion of pro-angiogenic and pro-osteolytic cytokines and reduced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. In the intra-prostatic growth model, Selinexor reduced DU145 tumor growth by 41% and 61% at the doses of 4 mg/Kg qd/5 days and 10 mg/Kg q2dx3 weeks, respectively, as well as the incidence of macroscopic visceral metastases. In a systemic metastasis model, following intracardiac injection of PCb2 cells, 80% (8/10) of controls, 10% (1/10) Selinexor- and 20% (2/10) KPT-251-treated animals developed radiographic evidence of lytic bone lesions. Similarly, after intra-tibial injection, the lytic areas were higher in controls than in Selinexor and KPT-251 groups. Analogously, the serum levels of osteoclast markers (mTRAP and type I collagen fragment, CTX), were significantly higher in controls than in Selinexor- and KPT-251-treated animals. Importantly, overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly higher in Selinexor- and KPT-251-treated animals when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Selective blockade of XPO1-dependent nuclear export represents a completely novel approach for the treatment of advanced and metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Gravina
- />Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- />Department of Experimental Medicine, Pathophysiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Tortoreto
- />Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- />Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Addis
- />Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Ernesto Di Cesare
- />Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- />Department of Experimental Medicine, Pathophysiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- />Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- />Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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In vitro ultrastructural changes of MCF-7 for metastasise bone cancer and induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial cytochrome C released by CaCO3/Dox nanocrystals. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:391869. [PMID: 25028650 PMCID: PMC4084513 DOI: 10.1155/2014/391869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bones are the most frequent site for breast cancer cells to settle and spread (metastasise); bone metastasis is considered to have a substantial impact on the quality of patients with common cancers. However, majority of breast cancers develop insensitivity to conventional chemotherapy which provides only palliation and can induce systemic side effects. In this study we evaluated the effect of free Dox and CaCO3/Dox nanocrystal on MCF-7 breast cancer using MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), neural red, and lactate dehydrogenase colorimetric assays while DNA fragmentation and BrdU genotoxicity were also examined. Apoptogenic protein Bax, cytochrome C, and caspase-3 protein were analysed. Morphological changes of MCF-7 were determined using contrast light microscope and scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM). The findings of the analysis revealed higher toxicity of CaCO3/Dox nanocrystal and effective cells killing compared to free Dox, morphological changes such as formation of apoptotic bodies, membrane blebbing, and absent of microvilli as indicated by the SEM analysis while TEM revealed the presence of chromatin condensation, chromosomal DNA fragmentation, cell shrinkage, and nuclear fragmentation. Results of TUNEL assay verified that most of the cells undergoes apoptosis by internucleosomal fragmentation of genomic DNA whereas the extent of apoptotic cells was calculated using the apoptotic index (AI). Therefore, the biobased calcium carbonate nanocrystals such as Dox carriers may serve as an alternative to conventional delivery system.
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Vinay R, KusumDevi V. Potential of targeted drug delivery system for the treatment of bone metastasis. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:21-9. [PMID: 24839990 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.913325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a devastating complication of cancer that requires an immediate attention. Although our understanding of the metastatic process has improved over the years, yet a number of questions still remain unanswered, and more research is required for complete understanding of the skeletal consequences of metastasis. Furthermore, as no effective treatments are available for some of the most common skeleton disorders such as arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma and metastatic bone cancer, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs and drug delivery systems for safe and efficient clinical treatments. Hence this article describes the potential of targeted delivery platforms aimed specifically at bone metastasized tumors. The review gives a brief understanding of the proposed mechanisms of metastasis and focuses primarily on the targeting moieties such as bisphosphonates, which represent the current gold standard in bone metastasis therapies. Special focus has been given to the targeted nanoparticulate systems for treating bone metastasis and its future. Also highlighted are some of the therapeutic targets that can be exploited for designing therapies for bone metastasis. Some of the patented molecules for bone metastasis prevention and treatment have also been discussed. Recently proposed HIFU-CHEM, which utilizes High Intensity Focused ultrasound (HIFU) guided by MRI in combination with temperature-sensitive nanomedicines has also been briefed. The study has been concluded with a focus on the innovations requiring an immediate attention that could improve the treatment modality of bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raichur Vinay
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy , Bangalore , Karnataka , India
| | - V KusumDevi
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy , Bangalore , Karnataka , India
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Alexandrino EM, Ritz S, Marsico F, Baier G, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Wurm FR. Paclitaxel-loaded polyphosphate nanoparticles: a potential strategy for bone cancer treatment. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1298-1306. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21295e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yordanov G, Evangelatov A, Skrobanska R. Epirubicin loaded to pre-polymerized poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: Preparation and in vitro evaluation in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 107:115-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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