1
|
Bascuñana P, Wolf BJ, Jahreis I, Brackhan M, García-García L, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging reveals brain hypoperfusion during status epilepticus. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2597-2602. [PMID: 34570340 PMCID: PMC8580894 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a clinical emergency with high mortality. SE can trigger neuronal death or injury and alteration of neuronal networks resulting in long-term cognitive decline or epilepsy. Among the multiple factors contributing to this damage, imbalance between oxygen and glucose requirements and brain perfusion during SE has been proposed. Herein, we aimed to quantify by neuroimaging the spatiotemporal course of brain perfusion during and after lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE in rats. To this purpose, animals underwent 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging at different time points during and after SE using a small animal SPECT/CT system. 99mTc-HMPAO regional uptake was normalized to the injected dose. In addition, voxel-based statistical parametric mapping was performed. SPECT imaging showed an increase of cortical perfusion before clinical seizure activity onset followed by regional hypo-perfusion starting with the first convulsive seizure and during SE. Twenty-four hours after SE, brain 99mTc-HMPAO uptake was widely decreased. Finally, chronic epileptic animals showed regionally decreased perfusion affecting hippocampus and cortical sub-regions. Despite elevated energy and oxygen requirements, brain hypo-perfusion is present during SE. Our results suggest that insufficient compensation of required blood flow might contribute to neuronal damage and neuroinflammation, and ultimately to chronic epilepsy generated by SE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bettina J Wolf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lamie PF, El-Kalaawy AM, Abdel Latif NS, Rashed LA, Philoppes JN. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-based dual EGFR T790M/HER2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship and biological activity as potential antitumor and anticonvulsant agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113222. [PMID: 33545637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine/triazine hybrids 6a-r was designed as antitumor and anticonvulsant agents. All the prepared compounds were evaluated against colon (HCT-116), breast (MCF-7) and normal human fibroblast (WI38) cell lines. The most potent derivatives against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells were 6o and 6q, with IC50 = 4.80 and 6.50 nM, respectively, when compared to lapatinib, the reference drug (IC50 = 12.00 and 21.00 nM, on HCT-116 and MCF-7, sequentially). All other derivatives exhibited good to moderate cytotoxic activity. Four compounds 6f, 6j, 6o and 6q were evaluated for their EGFR T790M/HER2 inhibitory activity. They revealed 81.81-65.70% and 86.66-54.49% inhibitory activity against EGFR T790M and HER2 in a sequent. The most potent derivatives 6o and 6q were further estimated for cell cycle analysis showing pre G1 apoptotic activity and cell growth arrest at G2/M phase. Apoptotic marker proteins expression levels (caspase-3/7/9, Bax and Bcl-2) were measured for 6o and 6q. They showed pro-apoptotic effect by increasing caspase-3/7/9 protein levels and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, anticonvulsant activity for the prepared compounds 6a-r were evaluated in vivo using lithium-pilocarpine mice model of Status Epilepticus. EEG changes where recorded and MDA, GSH, GABA and glutamate were measured in brain tissue of different groups. All tested compounds revealed variable anti-epileptic effects, the most potent compounds were 6b and 6m. Also 6d, 6e, 6h, 6i, 6k, 6l and 6n compounds exhibited good anti-seizure activity, while compound 6j showed the lower activity. The rest of compounds displayed a neutral activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe F Lamie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M El-Kalaawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Noha S Abdel Latif
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - John N Philoppes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Epilepsy is considered a major serious chronic neurological disorder, characterized by recurrent seizures. It is usually associated with a history of a lesion in the nervous system. Irregular activation of inflammatory molecules in the injured tissue is an important factor in the development of epilepsy. It is unclear how the imbalanced regulation of inflammatory mediators contributes to epilepsy. A recent research goal is to identify interconnected inflammation pathways which may be involved in the development of epilepsy. The clinical use of available antiepileptic drugs is often restricted by their limitations, incidence of several side effects, and drug interactions. So development of new drugs, which modulate epilepsy through novel mechanisms, is necessary. Alternative therapies and diet have recently reported positive treatment outcomes in epilepsy. Vitamin D (Vit D) has shown prophylactic and therapeutic potential in different neurological disorders. So, the aim of current study was to review the associations between different brain inflammatory mediators and epileptogenesis, to strengthen the idea that targeting inflammatory pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat epilepsy. In addition, neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of Vit D in clinical and preclinical studies of epilepsy were reviewed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bascuñana P, Gendron T, Sander K, Jahreis I, Polyak A, Ross TL, Bankstahl M, Arstad E, Bankstahl JP. Ex vivo characterization of neuroinflammatory and neuroreceptor changes during epileptogenesis using candidate positron emission tomography biomarkers. Epilepsia 2019; 60:2325-2333. [PMID: 31571210 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of patients at risk of developing epilepsy before the first spontaneous seizure may promote the development of preventive treatment providing opportunity to stop or slow down the disease. METHODS As development of novel radiotracers and on-site setup of existing radiotracers is highly time-consuming and expensive, we used dual-centre in vitro autoradiography as an approach to characterize the potential of innovative radiotracers in the context of epilepsy development. Using brain slices from the same group of rats, we aimed to characterise the evolution of neuroinflammation and expression of inhibitory and excitatory neuroreceptors during epileptogenesis using translational positron emission tomography (PET) tracers; 18 F-flumazenil (18 F-FMZ; GABAA receptor), 18 F-FPEB (metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; mGluR5), 18 F-flutriciclamide (translocator protein; TSPO, microglia activation) and 18 F-deprenyl (monoamine oxidase B, astroglia activation). Autoradiography images from selected time points after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE; baseline, 24 and 48 hours, 5, 10 and 15 days and 6 and 12-14 weeks after SE) were normalized to a calibration curve, co-registered to an MRI-based 2D region-of-interest atlas, and activity concentration (Bq/mm2 ) was calculated. RESULTS In epileptogenesis-associated brain regions, 18 F-FMZ and 18 F-FPEB showed an early decrease after SE. 18 F-FMZ decrease was maintained in the latent phase and further reduced in the chronic epileptic animals, while 18 F-FPEB signal recovered from day 10, reaching baseline levels in chronic epilepsy. 18 F-flutriciclamide showed an increase of activated microglia at 24 hours after SE, peaking at 5-15 days and decreasing during the chronic phase. On the other hand, 18 F-deprenyl autoradiography showed late astrogliosis, peaking in the chronic phase. SIGNIFICANCE Autoradiography revealed different evolution of the selected targets during epileptogenesis. Our results suggest an advantage of combined imaging of inter-related targets like glutamate and GABAA receptors, or microglia and astrocyte activation, in order to identify important interactions, especially when using PET imaging for the evaluation of novel treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thibault Gendron
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kerstin Sander
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andras Polyak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Erik Arstad
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aucubin Alleviates Seizures Activity in Li-Pilocarpine-Induced Epileptic Mice: Involvement of Inhibition of Neuroinflammation and Regulation of Neurotransmission. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:472-484. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
6
|
Thompson KW, Suchomelova L, Wasterlain CG. Treatment of early life status epilepticus: What can we learn from animal models? Epilepsia Open 2018; 3:169-179. [PMID: 30564776 PMCID: PMC6293069 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of status epilepticus (SE) in infants and children is challenging. There is a recognition that a broad set of developmental processes need to be considered to fully appreciate the physiologic complexity of severe seizures, and seizure outcomes, in infants and children. The development and use of basic models to elucidate important mechanisms will help further our understanding of these processes. Here we review some of the key experimental models and consider several areas relevant to treatment that could lead to productive translational research. Terminating seizures quickly is essential. Understanding pharmacoresistance of SE as it relates to receptor trafficking will be critical to seizure termination. Once a severe seizure is terminated, how will the developing brain respond? Basic studies suggest that there are important acute and long‐term histopathologic, and pathophysiologic, consequences that, if left unaddressed, will produce long‐lasting deficits on the form and function of the central nervous system. To fully utilize the evidence that basic models produce, age‐ and development‐ and model‐specific frameworks have to be considered carefully. Studies have demonstrated that severe seizures can cause perturbations to developmental processes during critical periods of development that lead to life‐long deficits. Unfortunately, some of the drugs that are commonly used to treat seizures may also produce negative outcomes by enhancing Cl‐‐mediated depolarization, or by accelerating programmed cell death. More research is needed to understand these phenomena and their relevance to the human condition, and to develop rational drugs that protect the developing brain from severe seizures to the fullest extent possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry W Thompson
- Department of Biology Occidental College Los Angeles California U.S.A
| | - Lucie Suchomelova
- Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California U.S.A
| | - Claude G Wasterlain
- VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System Los Angeles California U.S.A.,Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California U.S.A.,Brain Research Institute UCLA Los Angeles California U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zeng X, Hu K, Chen L, Zhou L, Luo W, Li C, Zong W, Chen S, Gao Q, Zeng G, Jiang D, Li X, Zhou H, Ouyang DS. The Effects of Ginsenoside Compound K Against Epilepsy by Enhancing the γ-Aminobutyric Acid Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1020. [PMID: 30254585 PMCID: PMC6142013 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between the GABA-mediated inhibition and the glutamate-mediated excitation is the primary pathological mechanism of epilepsy. GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission have become the most important targets for controlling epilepsy. Ginsenoside compound K (GCK) is a main metabolic production of the ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, and Rc in the intestinal microbiota. Previous studies show that GCK promoted the release of GABA from the hippocampal neurons and enhanced the activity of GABAA receptors. GCK is shown to reduce the expression of NMDAR and to attenuate the function of the NMDA receptors in the brain. The anti-seizure effects of GCK have not been reported so far. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of GCK on epilepsy and its potential mechanism. The rat model of seizure or status epilepticus (SE) was established with either Pentylenetetrazole or Lithium chloride-pilocarpine. The Racine's scale was used to evaluate seizure activity. The levels of the amino acid neurotransmitters were detected in the pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats. The expression levels of GABAARα1, NMDAR1, KCC2, and NKCC1 protein in the hippocampus were determined via western blot or immunohistochemistry after SE. We found that GCK had deceased seizure intensity and prolonged the latency of seizures. GCK increased the contents of GABA, while the contents of glutamate remained unchanged. GCK enhanced the expression of GABAARα1 in the brain and exhibited a tendency to decrease the expression of NMDAR1 protein in the hippocampus. The expression of KCC2 protein was elevated by the treatment of GCK after SE, while the expression of NKCC1 protein was reversely down-regulated. These findings suggested that GCK exerted anti-epileptic effects by promoting the hippocampal GABA release and enhancing the GABAAR-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luping Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaopeng Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjing Zong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guirong Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of New Drugs & Hunan Provincial Research Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, Changsha, China
| | - Dejian Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of New Drugs & Hunan Provincial Research Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
García-García L, Fernández de la Rosa R, Delgado M, Silván Á, Bascuñana P, Bankstahl JP, Gomez F, Pozo MA. Metyrapone prevents acute glucose hypermetabolism and short-term brain damage induced by intrahippocampal administration of 4-aminopyridine in rats. Neurochem Int 2017; 113:92-106. [PMID: 29203398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral administration of the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) triggers neuronal depolarization and intense acute seizure activity followed by neuronal damage. We have recently shown that, in the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of status epilepticus (SE), a single administration of metyrapone, an inhibitor of the 11β-hydroxylase enzyme, had protective properties of preventive nature against signs of brain damage and neuroinflammation. Herein, our aim was to investigate to which extent, pretreatment with metyrapone (150 mg/kg, i.p.) was also able to prevent eventual changes in the acute brain metabolism and short-term neuronal damage induced by intrahippocampal injection of 4-AP (7 μg/5 μl). To this end, regional brain metabolism was assessed by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) during the ictal period. Three days later, markers of neuronal death and hippocampal integrity and apoptosis (Nissl staining, NeuN and active caspase-3 immunohistochemistry), neurodegeneration (Fluoro-Jade C labeling), astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry) and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation (in vitro [18F]GE180 autoradiography) were evaluated. 4-AP administration acutely triggered marked brain hypermetabolism within and around the site of injection as well as short-term signs of brain damage and inflammation. Most important, metyrapone pretreatment was able to reduce ictal hypermetabolism as well as all the markers of brain damage except microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Overall, our study corroborates the neuroprotective effects of metyrapone against multiple signs of brain damage caused by seizures triggered by 4-AP. Ultimately, our data add up to the consistent protective effect of metyrapone pretreatment reported in other models of neurological disorders of different etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ágata Silván
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pozo
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Tecnológico PET, C/ Manuel Bartolomé Cossío n° 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mahfoz AM, Abdel-Wahab AF, Afify MA, Shahzad N, Ibrahim IAA, ElSawy NA, Bamagous GA, Al Ghamdi SS. Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D alone or in combination with lamotrigine against lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 390:977-985. [PMID: 28687854 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is considered one of the major serious forms of epilepsy with high mortality rate. Since the currently available antiepileptic drugs have low efficacy and high adverse effects, new more efficient and safe therapies are critically needed. There is increasing evidence supporting dietary and alternative therapies for epilepsy, including the ketogenic diet, modified Atkins diet, and omega-3 fatty acids. Recent studies have shown significant prophylactic and therapeutic potential of vitamin D (vit-D) use in many neurological disorders. Therefore, in the present study, the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of vit-D alone or in combination with lamotrigine have been evaluated in the lithium-pilocarpine model of SE in rats. Rats were divided into five groups: normal group, SE group, lamotrigine (25 mg/kg/day) pretreated group, vit-D (1.5 mcg/kg/day) pretreated group, and group pretreated with vit-D and lamotrigine for 2 weeks. At the end of treatment, SE was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of LiCl (127 mg/kg), followed 24 h later by pilocarpine (30 mg/kg). Seizures' latency, cognitive performance in Morris water maze, brain oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione, lipid peroxides, and nitric oxide), brain neurochemistry (γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate), and brain histopathology have been evaluated. Vit-D prevented pilocarpine-induced behavioral impairments and oxidative stress in the brain; these results were improved in combination with lamotrigine. Vit-D has a promising antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. It can be provided to patients as a supportive treatment besides antiepileptic drugs. However, clinical trials are needed to establish its efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Mahfoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali F Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser A ElSawy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed S Al Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Carmona-Aparicio L, Zavala-Tecuapetla C, González-Trujano ME, Sampieri AI, Montesinos-Correa H, Granados-Rojas L, Floriano-Sánchez E, Coballase-Urrutía E, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N. Status epilepticus: Using antioxidant agents as alternative therapies. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1957-1962. [PMID: 27698680 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epileptic state, or status epilepticus (SE), is the most serious situation manifested by individuals with epilepsy, and SE events can lead to neuronal damage. An understanding of the molecular, biochemical and physiopathological mechanisms involved in this type of neurological disease will enable the identification of specific central targets, through which novel agents may act and be useful as SE therapies. Currently, studies have focused on the association between oxidative stress and SE, the most severe epileptic condition. A number of these studies have suggested the use of antioxidant compounds as alternative therapies or adjuvant treatments for the epileptic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Zavala-Tecuapetla
- Laboratory of Physiology of The Reticular Formation Reticular, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology of Natural Products, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Aristides Iii Sampieri
- Department of Comparative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04150, Mexico
| | | | - Leticia Granados-Rojas
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Esaú Floriano-Sánchez
- Military School of Graduate of Health, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Secretariat of National Defense, Mexico City 11270, Mexico
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bascuñana P, Javela J, Delgado M, Fernández de la Rosa R, Shiha AA, García-García L, Pozo MÁ. [18F]FDG PET Neuroimaging Predicts Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) Kindling Outcome in Rats. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:733-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-0950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
12
|
Shiha AA, de Cristóbal J, Delgado M, Fernández de la Rosa R, Bascuñana P, Pozo MA, García-García L. Subacute administration of fluoxetine prevents short-term brain hypometabolism and reduces brain damage markers induced by the lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy in rats. Brain Res Bull 2015; 111:36-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
13
|
Park D, Meidenbauer J, Sparta B, Seng WL, McGrath P. Zebrafish: A Predictive Model for Assessing Seizure Liability. Zebrafish 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118102138.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|