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Nardella E, Biscetti F, Rando MM, Cecchini AL, Nicolazzi MA, Rossini E, Angelini F, Iezzi R, Eraso LH, Dimuzio PJ, Pitocco D, Massetti M, Gasbarrini A, Flex A. Development of a biomarker panel for assessing cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI): a prospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:136. [PMID: 37308885 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower-extremity endovascular revascularization (LER) is often required for diabetic patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). During the post-revascularization period patients may unpredictably experience major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Several families of cytokines are involved in the inflammatory process that underlies the progression of atherosclerosis. According to current evidence, we have identified a panel of possible biomarkers related with the risk of developing MACE and MALE after LER. The aim was to study the relationship between a panel of biomarkers - Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and 6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), High-Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB-1), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), Sortilin and Omentin-1- at baseline, with cardiovascular outcomes (MACE and MALE) after LER in diabetic patients with CLTI. METHODS In this prospective non-randomized study, 264 diabetic patients with CLTI undergoing endovascular revascularization were enrolled. Serum levels of each biomarker were collected before revascularization and outcomes' incidence was evaluated after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 42 cases of MACE and 81 cases of MALE occurred. There was a linear association for each biomarker at baseline and incident MACE and MALE, except Omentin-1 levels that were inversely related to the presence of MACE or MALE. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the association between each biomarker baseline level and outcomes remained significant in multivariable analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) models were constructed using traditional clinical and laboratory risk factors and the inclusion of biomarkers significantly improved the prediction of incident events. CONCLUSIONS Elevated IL-1, IL-6, CRP, TNF-α, HMGB-1, OPG and Sortilin levels and low Omentin-1 levels at baseline correlate with worse vascular outcomes in diabetic patients with CLTI undergoing LER. Assessment of the inflammatory state with this panel of biomarkers may support physicians to identify a subset of patients more susceptible to the procedure failure and to develop cardiovascular adverse events after LER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Nardella
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Federico Biscetti
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy.
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy.
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | | | - Maria Anna Nicolazzi
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Enrica Rossini
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
- Radiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Luis H Eraso
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul J Dimuzio
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
- Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy
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Rando MM, Biscetti F, Cecchini AL, Nardella E, Nicolazzi MA, Angelini F, Iezzi R, Eraso LH, Dimuzio PJ, Pitocco D, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Serum high mobility group box-1 levels associated with cardiovascular events after lower extremity revascularization: a prospective study of a diabetic population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:214. [PMID: 36244983 PMCID: PMC9571458 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the most disabling cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is indeed associated with a high risk of cardiovascular and limb adverse events. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) is a nuclear protein involved in the inflammatory response that acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine when released into the extracellular space. HMBG-1 is associated with PAD in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum HMGB-1 levels and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE) after lower-extremity endovascular revascularization (LER) in a group of diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods We conducted a prospective observational study of 201 diabetic patients with PAD and CLTI requiring LER. Baseline serum HMGB-1 levels were determined before endovascular procedure. Data on cardiovascular and limb outcomes were collected in a 12-month follow-up. Results During the follow-up period, 81 cases of MACE and 93 cases of MALE occurred. Patients who subsequently developed MACE and MALE had higher serum HMGB-1 levels. Specifically, 7.5 ng/mL vs 4.9 ng/mL (p < 0.01) for MACE and 7.2 ng/mL vs 4.8 ng/mL (p < 0.01) for MALE. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the association between serum HMGB-1 levels and cardiovascular outcomes remained significant in multivariable analysis. In our receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, serum HMGB-1 levels were a good predictor of MACE incidence (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.78) and MALE incidence (AUC = 0.75). Conclusions This study demonstrates that serum HMGB-1 levels are associated with the incidence of MACE and MALE after LER in diabetic populations with PAD and CLTI.
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Dietary Risk Factors and Eating Behaviors in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810814. [PMID: 36142725 PMCID: PMC9504787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary risk factors play a fundamental role in the prevention and progression of atherosclerosis and PAD (Peripheral Arterial Disease). The impact of nutrition, however, defined as the process of taking in food and using it for growth, metabolism and repair, remains undefined with regard to PAD. This article describes the interplay between nutrition and the development/progression of PAD. We reviewed 688 articles, including key articles, narrative and systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical studies. We analyzed the interaction between nutrition and PAD predictors, and subsequently created four descriptive tables to summarize the relationship between PAD, dietary risk factors and outcomes. We comprehensively reviewed the role of well-studied diets (Mediterranean, vegetarian/vegan, low-carbohydrate ketogenic and intermittent fasting diet) and prevalent eating behaviors (emotional and binge eating, night eating and sleeping disorders, anorexia, bulimia, skipping meals, home cooking and fast/ultra-processed food consumption) on the traditional risk factors of PAD. Moreover, we analyzed the interplay between PAD and nutritional status, nutrients, dietary patterns and eating habits. Dietary patterns and eating disorders affect the development and progression of PAD, as well as its disabling complications including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Nutrition and dietary risk factor modification are important targets to reduce the risk of PAD as well as the subsequent development of MACE and MALE.
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Gao Y, Wang L, Niu Z, Feng H, Liu J, Sun J, Gao Y, Pan L. miR-340-5p inhibits pancreatic acinar cell inflammation and apoptosis via targeted inhibition of HMGB1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:140. [PMID: 35069821 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease that affects 1 million individuals worldwide. Inflammation and apoptosis are considered to be important pathogenic mechanisms of AP, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been shown to play a particularly important role in the etiology of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRs) are emerging as critical regulators of gene expression and, as such, they represent a promising area of therapeutic target identification and development for a variety of diseases, including AP. Using the online database query (microRNA.org), the current study identified a site in the 3' untranslated region of HMGB1 mRNA that was a viable target for miR-340-5p. The present study aimed to investigate the association between miR-340-5p and HMGB1 expression in pancreatic acinar cells following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment by performing luciferase, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays. The results suggest that miR-340-5p attenuates the induction of HMGB1 by LPS, thereby inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via blunted activation of Toll-like receptor 4 and enhanced AKT signaling. Thus, the therapeutic application of miR-340-5p may be a useful strategy in AP via upregulation of HMGB1 and subsequent promotion of inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zequn Niu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jiangli Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Longfei Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Hu J, Liu X, Tang Y. HMGB1/Foxp1 regulates hypoxia-induced inflammatory response in macrophages. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:265-277. [PMID: 34816539 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box protein P1 (Foxp1) is a kind of tumor suppressor gene, and the role of Foxp1 in the macrophages of myocardial infarction (MI) has not been studied yet. Here, we verified the role of the transcription factor high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and its target gene Foxp1 in the inflammatory response. In this study, the key genes HMGB1 and Foxp1 in the macrophages of mouse MI model were screened out through single-cell transcriptome analysis of GSE136088 (GEO database). In vitro experiment indicated that hypoxia induced the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages, promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin 6 [IL-6], and IL-1β) and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1). Meanwhile, HMGB1 increased while Foxp1 decreased in hypoxia-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. HMGB1 bound to the upstream promoter region of Foxp1 as demonstrated by the dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. As a transcription factor, HMGB1 regulated Foxp1 expression. The secretion of inflammatory factors and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome protein were changed when the expression of HMGB1 and Foxp1 was regulated in the hypoxia-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. This study verified that HMGB1 could aggravate the hypoxia-treated inflammatory response of macrophages through downregulating Foxp1, which not only provides evidence to support the role of HMGB1/Foxp1 in macrophages but also offers another angle for the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Biscetti F, Tinelli G, Rando MM, Nardella E, Cecchini AL, Angelini F, Straface G, Filipponi M, Arena V, Pitocco D, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Association between carotid plaque vulnerability and high mobility group box-1 serum levels in a diabetic population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:114. [PMID: 34044825 PMCID: PMC8161555 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid atherosclerosis represents one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. In particular, plaque instability contributes to disease progression and stroke incidence. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein involved in promotion and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between HMGB1 serum levels, main inflammatory cytokines, the presence of internal carotid stenosis and unstable plaque in a diabetic population. Research design and methods We studied 873 diabetic patients, including 347 patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) who underwent carotid endarterectomy and 526 diabetic patients without internal carotid artery stenosis (WICAS). At baseline, HMGB1 and the main inflammatory cytokines serum levels were evaluated. For ICAS patients, the histological features of carotid plaque were also collected to differentiate them in patients with stable or unstable atherosclerotic lesions. Results We found that HMGB1 serum levels, osteoprotegerin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, were significantly higher in diabetic ICAS patients compared to diabetic WICAS patients. Among ICAS patients, individuals with unstable plaque had higher levels of these cytokines, compared to patients with stable plaque. A multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that HMGB1 and osteoprotegerin remained independently associated with unstable plaque in ICAS patients. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque vulnerability in an Italian population with diabetes mellitus, representing a promising biomarker of carotid plaque instability and a possible molecular target to treat unstable carotid plaques and to prevent stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy. .,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy. .,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Tinelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Vascular Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Straface
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. M. Goretti Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Arena
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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Kim J, Lee KM, Han SH, Ko EA, Yoon DS, Park IK, Shin HC, Park KH, Lee JW. Development of stabilized dual growth factor-loaded hyaluronate collagen dressing matrix. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:2041731421999750. [PMID: 33796249 PMCID: PMC7970265 DOI: 10.1177/2041731421999750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes experience impaired growth factor production such as
epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and
they are reportedly involved in wound healing processes. Here, we report dual
growth factor-loaded hyaluronate collagen dressing (Dual-HCD) matrix, using
different ratios of the concentration of stabilized growth
factors—stabilized-EGF (S-EGF) and stabilized-bFGF (S-bFGF). At first, the
optimal concentration ratio of S-EGF to S-bFGF in the Dual-HCD matrix is
determined to be 1:2 in type I diabetic mice. This Dual-HCD matrix does not
cause cytotoxicity and can be used in vivo. The wound-healing effect of this
matrix is confirmed in type II diabetic mice. Dual HCD enhances angiogenesis
which promotes wound healing and thus, it shows a significantly greater
synergistic effect than the HCD matrix loaded with a single growth factor.
Overall, we conclude that the Dual-HCD matrix represents an effective
therapeutic agent for impaired diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Suk Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ik Kyu Park
- R&D Center, Genewel Co., Ltd., Sungnam, South Korea
| | - Hang-Cheol Shin
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Behl T, Sharma E, Sehgal A, Kaur I, Kumar A, Arora R, Pal G, Kakkar M, Kumar R, Bungau S. Expatiating the molecular approaches of HMGB1 in diabetes mellitus: Highlighting signalling pathways via RAGE and TLRs. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1869-1881. [PMID: 33479829 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the major healthcare challenges worldwide in the recent times and inflammation being one of its key pathogenic process/mechanism affect several body parts including the peripheral and central nervous system. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is one of the major non-histone proteins that plays a key role in triggering the inflammatory response. Upon its release into the extracellular milieu, HMGB1 acts as an "alarmin" for the immune system to initiate tissue repair as a component of the host defense system. Furthermore, HMGB1 along with its downstream receptors like Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) serve as the suitable target for DM. The forthcoming research in the field of diabetes would potentially focus on the development of alternative approaches to target the centre of inflammation that is primarily mediated by HMGB1 to improve diabetic-related complications. This review covers the therapeutic actions of HMGB1 protein, which acts by activating the RAGE and TLR molecules to constitute a functional tripod system, in turn activating NF-κB pathway that contributes to the production of mediators for pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with DM. The interaction between TLR2 and TLR4 with ligands present in the host and the activation of RAGE stimulates various immune and metabolic responses that contribute to diabetes. This review emphasizes to elucidate the role of HMGB1 in the initiation and progression of DM and control over the inflammatory tripod as a promising therapeutic approach in the management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Eshita Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Giridhari Pal
- Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Munish Kakkar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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9
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Feng Y, Hu S, Liu L, Ke J, Long X. HMGB1 contributes to osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint by inducing synovial angiogenesis. J Oral Rehabil 2020; 48:551-559. [PMID: 33247959 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High- mobility group 1 protein (HMGB1) is related with inflammation. Our former research reported that substantial HMGB1 situates at the synovium of osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint (TMJOA) patients. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether HMGB1 promotes synovial angiogenesis of TMJOA and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Human synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with HMGB1; the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) in these cells was explored by Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunofluorescent staining. The angiogenic capacity of these cells was assayed by tube formation and cell migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The specific inhibitor against HMGB1, VEGF, Erk or JNK was added in these cells, respectively. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced TMJOA rats were produced. The changes in their synovium and synovial fluid were detected by immunofluorescent staining and ELISA. RESULTS HMGB1 effectively up-regulated the production of VEGF and HIF-1α in TMJOA synovial fibroblasts through the activation of Erk and JNK. Conditioned medium from HMGB1-treated TMJOA synovial fibroblasts significantly promoted tube formation and migration in HUVECs, while attenuated those after the addition of certain inhibitor for VEGF. Furthermore, the specific inhibitor against HMGB1 vanished the neovascularisation and production of HIF-1α, VEGF and CD34 in the synovium of rat TMJOA induced by CFA injection. Additionally, this inhibitor led to the reduction of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the synovial fluid of those rats. CONCLUSION These findings disclose a key role for HMGB1 in governing synovial angiogenesis and as a therapeutic target against TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Feng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Long
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Yuan S, Liu Z, Xu Z, Liu J, Zhang J. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1): a pivotal regulator of hematopoietic malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:91. [PMID: 32660524 PMCID: PMC7359022 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone chromatin-associated protein that has been widely reported to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies. As a representative damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), HMGB1 normally exists inside cells but can be secreted into the extracellular environment through passive or active release. Extracellular HMGB1 binds with several different receptors and interactors to mediate the proliferation, differentiation, mobilization, and senescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HMGB1 is also involved in the formation of the inflammatory bone marrow (BM) microenvironment by activating proinflammatory signaling pathways. Moreover, HMGB1-dependent autophagy induces chemotherapy resistance in leukemia and multiple myeloma. In this review, we systematically summarize the emerging roles of HMGB1 in carcinogenesis, progression, prognosis, and potential clinical applications in different hematopoietic malignancies. In summary, targeting the regulation of HMGB1 activity in HSCs and the BM microenvironment is highly beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of various hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenru Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Biscetti F, Rando MM, Nardella E, Cecchini AL, Pecorini G, Landolfi R, Flex A. High Mobility Group Box-1 and Diabetes Mellitus Complications: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246258. [PMID: 31835864 PMCID: PMC6940913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endemic disease, with growing health and social costs. The complications of diabetes can affect potentially all parts of the human body, from the heart to the kidneys, peripheral and central nervous system, and the vascular bed. Although many mechanisms have been studied, not all players responsible for these complications have been defined yet. High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone nuclear protein that has been implicated in many pathological processes, from sepsis to ischemia. The purpose of this review is to take stock of all the most recent data available on the role of HMGB1 in the complications of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.); (A.F.)
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-4335; Fax: +39-06-3550-7232
| | | | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | | | - Giovanni Pecorini
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.); (A.F.)
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.); (A.F.)
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Andrea Flex
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.); (A.F.)
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
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12
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HMGB1 protein as a novel target for cancer. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:253-261. [PMID: 30911468 PMCID: PMC6416660 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly conserved nuclear protein High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1) present in mammals has functionality as an immuno-modulator in the form of cytokine molecule, as a nuclear factor to regulate these molecules and DNA structural determination. It has proximal homologous DNA binding domains Box-A, Box-B and distal C-terminal domain. Reduced form exists in basic condition has chemotaxis activity, while form with disulphide bond reduced at 106th cysteine showed cytokine activity. The oxidized form is devoid of both activities. HMGB1 binds and bends dsDNA and also activates genes for secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18. It can interact with transcription factors Rel/NF-κB and p53 responsible for up-regulating oncogenes. Oxidative stressed injured tissues actively secrete HMGB1 outside cells to necrotize other nearby tissues passively in cytosol. Acetylation of HMGB1 weakens its binding with DNA, and promotes its migration to different tissues leading to secretion of inflammatory-cytokines. HMGB1 expression has been found very important in the genesis and promotion of different cancer by promoting metastasis. In current article, we emphasized on condition based structural variability of HMGB1, mechanism of release, physiological functions and its functionality as a biomarker for cancer to be targeted to curb cancer genesis and progression.
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Kim WK, Kwon Y, Park M, Yun S, Kwon JY, Kim H. Identification of specifically activated angiogenic molecules in HMGB-1-induced angiogenesis. BMB Rep 2018; 50:590-595. [PMID: 29065965 PMCID: PMC5720474 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) is expressed in almost all cells, and its dysregulated expression correlates with inflammatory diseases, ischemia, and cancer. Some of these conditions accompany HMGB-1-mediated abnormal angiogenesis. Thus far, the mechanism of HMGB-1-induced angiogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed time-dependent DNA microarray analysis of endothelial cells (ECs) after HMGB-1 or VEGF treatment. The pathway analysis of each gene set upregulated by HMGB-1 or VEGF showed that most HMGB-1-induced angiogenic pathways were also activated by VEGF, although the activation time and gene sets belonging to the pathways differed. In addition, HMGB-1 upregulated some VEGFR signaling-related angiogenic factors including EGR1 and, importantly, novel angiogenic factors, such as ABL2, CEACAM1, KIT, and VIPR1, which are reported to independently promote angiogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions. Our findings suggest that HMGB-1 independently induces angiogenesis by activating HMGB-1-specific angiogenic factors and also functions as an accelerator for VEGF-mediated conventional angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyu Kim
- Department of Pathology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Projects for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yujin Kwon
- Department of Pathology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Projects for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Minhee Park
- Department of Pathology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Projects for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seongju Yun
- Department of Pathology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Projects for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ja-Young Kwon
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hoguen Kim
- Department of Pathology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Projects for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Zhang H, Zhang D, Li H, Yan H, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Chen Q, Ye Z, Hang C. Biphasic activation of nuclear factor-κB and expression of p65 and c-Rel following traumatic neuronal injury. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3203-3210. [PMID: 29568960 PMCID: PMC5881643 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been shown to function as a key regulator of cell death or survival in neuronal cells. Previous studies indicate that the biphasic activation of NF-κB occurs following experimental neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, the comprehensive understanding of NF-κB activity following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is incomplete. In the current study, an in vitro model of TBI was designed to investigate the NF-κB activity and expression of p65 and c-Rel subunits following traumatic neuronal injury. Primary cultured neurons were assigned to control and transected groups. NF-κB activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the expression and distribution of p65 and c-Rel. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the downstream genes of NF-κB. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) quantification and trypan blue staining were used to estimate the neuronal injury. Double peaks of elevated NF-κB activity were observed at 1 and 24 h following transection. The expression levels of downstream genes exhibited similar changes. The protein levels of p65 also presented double peaks while c-Rel was elevated significantly in the late stage. The results of the trypan blue staining and LDH leakage assays indicated there was no sustained neuronal injury during the late peak of NF-κB activity. In conclusion, biphasic activation of NF-κB is induced following experimental traumatic neuronal injury. The elevation of p65 and c-Rel levels at different time periods suggests that within a single neuron, NF-κB may participate in different pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Zihuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongdu Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Zhennan Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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15
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The Role of High-Mobility Group Box-1 and Its Crosstalk with Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5230374. [PMID: 29200665 PMCID: PMC5672636 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5230374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, definitely disabling, and potentially severe autoimmune disease. Although an increasing number of patients are affected, a key treatment for all patients has not been discovered. High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein passively and actively released by almost all cell types after several stimuli. HMGB1 is involved in RA pathogenesis, but a convincing explanation about its role and possible modulation in RA is still lacking. Microbiome and its homeostasis are altered in patients with RA, and the microbiota restoration has been proposed to patients with RA. The purpose of the present review is to analyze the available evidences regarding HMGB1 and microbiome roles in RA and the possible implications of the crosstalk between the nuclear protein and microbiome in understanding and possibly treating patients affected by this harmful condition.
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16
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Biscetti F, Gentileschi S, Bertucci F, Servillo M, Arena V, Angelini F, Stigliano E, Bonanno G, Scambia G, Sacchetti B, Pierelli L, Landolfi R, Flex A. The angiogenic properties of human adipose-derived stem cells (HASCs) are modulated by the High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1). Int J Cardiol 2017; 249:349-356. [PMID: 28967436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is a major health problem. Many studies have been focused on the possibilities of treatment offered by vascular regeneration. Human adipose-derived stem cells (HASCs), multipotent CD34+ stem cells found in the stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissues, which are capable to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal cell types. The High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein involved in angiogenesis. The aim of the study was to define the role of HMGB1 in cell therapy with HASCs, in an animal model of PAD. We induced unilateral ischemia in mice and we treated them with HASCs, with the specific HMGB1-inihibitor BoxA, with HMGB1 protein, and with the specific VEGF inhibitor sFlt1, alternately or concurrently. We measured the blood flow recovery in all mice. Immunohistochemical and ELISA analyses was performed to evaluate the number of vessels and the VEGF tissue content. None auto-amputation occurred and there have been no rejection reactions to the administration of HASCs. Animals co-treated with HASCs and HMGB1 protein had an improved blood flow recovery, compared to HASCs-treated mice. The post-ischemic angiogenesis was reduced when the HMGB1 pathway was blocked or when the VEGF activity was inhibited, in mice co-treated with HASCs and HMGB1. In conclusion, the HASCs treatment can be used in a mouse model of PAD to induce post-ischemic angiogenesis, modulating angiogenesis by HMGB1. This effect is mediated by VEGF activity. Although further data are needed, these findings shed light on possible new cell treatments for patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology & Related Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gentileschi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Bertucci
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Servillo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bonanno
- Division of Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Pierelli
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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17
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Jiang S, Chen X. Expression of High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein (HMGB1) and Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) in Retinas of Diabetic Rats. Med Sci Monit 2017. [PMID: 28647749 PMCID: PMC5498128 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic optic neuropathy are important complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) which can lead to blindness in diabetic patients. Recent studies showed that chronic low-grade inflammation is thought to be one of the important pathophysiological mechanisms in the occurrence and development of DR and diabetes optic neuropathy. This study explored the expressions of inflammatory factors HMGB-1 and TLR9. Material/Methods SD rats were randomly divided into a diabetic mellitus group and a control group. A DM rat model was produced by intraperitoneal injection of 1% STZ with 60 mg/Kg weight. At 4, 8, and 16 weeks after injection, the rats were sacrificed and eyeballs were enucleated for HE staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR. Results We found that, compared with the control group, levels of HMGB1 and TLR9 in retinas were significantly increased in DM groups of different time courses. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between HMGB1 and TLR9 (all P<0.05). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that the HMGB1-TLR9 signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Blockage of HMGB1 and/or TLR9 may represent a novel approach to treating diabetic retinopathy and diabetic optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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Zhou YH, Han QF, Wang LH, Liu T, Meng XY, Wu L, Li T, Jiao YR, Yao HC, Zhang DY. High mobility group box 1 protein attenuates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1582-1588. [PMID: 28810624 PMCID: PMC5525636 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effects of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats following acute myocardial ischemia and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups (n=10/group): Sham operation; I/R; HMGB50 (50 ng/kg HMGB1 before I/R); HMGB100 (100 ng/kg HMGB1 before I/R); and HMGB200 (200 ng/kg HMGB1 before I/R). Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were subsequently measured. Myocardial levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also determined. Myocardial infarction size (IS) was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Myocardial expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P-p38 MAPK) protein was measured using western blotting. The results demonstrated that HMGB1 significantly decreased serum levels of cTnI, IL-6 and TNF-α and myocardial IS in I/R rats compared with the sham group (all P<0.05). HMGB1 also significantly decreased and increased myocardial levels of MDA and SOD, respectively (both P<0.05). HMGB1 significantly increased myocardial expression of HIF-1α and decreased expression of P-p38 MAPK following I/R (both P<0.05). These effects of HMGB1 occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The results of the current study indicate that the cardioprotective effects of intravenous HMGB1 are associated with increased myocardial expression of HIF-1α via inhibition of P-p38 MAPK expression, leading to inhibition of the P-p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Feng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lan-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Tai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Ru Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - De-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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19
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Tsukagawa T, Katsumata R, Fujita M, Yasui K, Akhoon C, Ono K, Dohi K, Aruga T. Elevated Serum High-Mobility Group Box-1 Protein Level Is Associated with Poor Functional Outcome in Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017. [PMID: 28645523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In experimental models, inhibition of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) signaling has been reported to protect against the sequelae of ischemic stroke. Here, we determined the clinical significance of serum HMGB1 levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS We enrolled 183 patients (114 men, 69 women; mean age: 72.7 years) over 6 consecutive months. On admission and day 7, we recorded the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores and measured serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and HMGB1 levels. Stroke volumes were estimated using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging performed on admission. One year later, clinical outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). RESULTS Serum hs-CRP and HMGB1 levels in patients with ischemic stroke were increased relative to healthy controls (both P < .01). On day 7, hs-CRP, but not HMBG1, levels had increased significantly relative to levels at admission (P < .01 and .54, respectively). Higher HMGB1, but not hs-CRP, levels at day 7 correlated with larger stroke volumes (P < .01 and .28, respectively). HMGB1 levels did not significantly differ between stroke subtypes. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that a serum HMGB1 level higher than 7.5 ng/mL was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis, defined as a 1-year mRS score of 3-6 (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-5.38). CONCLUSIONS Acute ischemic stroke is associated with elevated serum HMGB1 levels, and HMGB1 levels at admission independently predict poor outcome at 1 year. These results suggest that HMGB1 quantification provides more accurate prognostic information after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Tsukagawa
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryu Katsumata
- Department of Neurology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Department of Microbiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Keizo Yasui
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Cassim Akhoon
- Department of Acute General Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Neurology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Dohi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Aruga
- Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Gao E, Jiang Y, Li Z, Xue D, Zhang W. Association between high mobility group box‑1 protein expression and cell death in acute pancreatitis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4021-4026. [PMID: 28440506 PMCID: PMC5436195 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study used caerulein stimulation of AR42J rat pancreatic cells as an in vitro acute pancreatitis (AP) model to investigate proteins differentially expressed in apoptosis and necrosis. AR42J cells were stimulated with 10‑8mol/l caerulein and incubated for 24 h. Apoptosis and necrosis were detected using flow cytometry. The sorted Annexin V‑positive cells (apoptotic) and the Annexin V/propidium iodide double‑positive cells (necrotic) were analysed using proteomics. Results showed that numerous proteins were differentially expressed in these 2 groups. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on the differentially expressed genes using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. High mobility group box‑1 protein (HMGB1) was specifically expressed in the necrosis group. Models of varying degrees of AP were established using caerulein at concentrations of 10‑9, 10‑8, 10‑7, 10‑6 and 10‑5 mol/l. The percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in each group was determined using flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of HMGB1 were detected by western blot analysis. The present study showed that as the concentration of caerulein increased, the percentage of necrotic cells and the protein expression levels of HMGB1 increased. HMGB1 is involved in many biological processes, including the chromosomal protein glycyl lysine isopeptide cross‑link. HMGB1 may be involved in the early stage of pancreatitis, potentially by inducing the development of cell death by necrosis. These results provide an experimental basis for clinical intervention in AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjun Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhituo Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Weihui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Foglio E, Puddighinu G, Germani A, Russo MA, Limana F. HMGB1 Inhibits Apoptosis Following MI and Induces Autophagy via mTORC1 Inhibition. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1135-1143. [PMID: 27580416 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous High Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to protect the infarcted heart but the underlying mechanism is quite complex. In particular, its effect on ischemic cardiomyocytes has been poorly investigated. Aim of the present study was to verify whether and how autophagy and apoptosis were involved in HMGB1-induced heart repair following myocardial infarction (MI). HMGB1 (200 ng) or denatured HMGB1 were injected in the peri-infarcted region of mouse hearts following acute MI. Three days after treatment, an upregulation of autophagy was detected in infarcted HMGB1 treated hearts compared to controls. Specifically, HMGB1 induced autophagy by significantly upregulating the protein expression of LC3, Beclin-1, and Atg7 in the border zone. To gain further insights into the molecular mechanism of HMGB1-mediated autophagy, WB analysis were performed in cardiomyocytes isolated from 3 days infarcted hearts in the presence and in the absence of HMGB1 treatment. Results showed that upregulation of autophagy by HMGB1 treatment was potentially related to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Accordingly, in these hearts, phospho-Akt signaling pathway was inhibited. The induction of autophagy was accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte apoptotic rate and decreased expression levels of Bax/Bcl-2 and active caspase-3 in the border zone of 3 days infarcted mice following HMGB1 treatment. We report the first in vivo evidence that HMGB1 treatment in a murine model of acute MI might induce cardiomyocyte survival through attenuation of apoptosis and AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent autophagy. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1135-1143, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Foglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puddighinu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Germani
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathlogy, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federica Limana
- San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, San Raffaele Pisana, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome-IRCCS, Italy
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22
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Cornide-Petronio ME, Negrete-Sánchez E, Mendes-Braz M, Casillas-Ramírez A, Bujaldon E, Meroño N, Martínez-Carreres L, Gracia-Sancho J, Rodés J, Jiménez-Castro MB, Peralta C. The Effect of High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Rat Steatotic and Nonsteatotic Liver Transplantation From Donors After Brain Death. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:1148-59. [PMID: 26704922 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been described in different inflammatory disorders, and the deleterious effects of brain death (BD) may counteract the protection conferred by ischemic preconditioning (IP), the only surgical strategy that is being applied in clinical liver transplantation. Our study examined how HMGB1 may affect preconditioned and unpreconditioned steatotic and nonsteatotic liver grafts from donors after BD (DBDs) for transplantation. HMGB1 was pharmacologically modulated in liver grafts from DBDs, and HMGB1-underlying mechanisms were characterized. We found that BD decreased HMGB1 in preconditioned and unpreconditioned livers and was associated with inflammation and damage. Exogenous HMGB1 in DBDs activates phosphoinositide-3-kinase and Akt and reduces hepatic inflammation and damage, increasing the survival of recipients. Combination of IP and exogenous HMGB1 shows additional benefits compared with HMGB1 alone. This study provides new mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of BD-derived liver graft damage and contributes to the development of novel and efficient strategies to ultimately improve liver graft quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Cornide-Petronio
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Negrete-Sánchez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Mendes-Braz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Casillas-Ramírez
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria, Ciudad Victoria, México
| | - E Bujaldon
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Meroño
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Martínez-Carreres
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Gracia-Sancho
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Rodés
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M B Jiménez-Castro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Peralta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Biscetti F, Flex A, Pecorini G, Angelini F, Arena V, Stigliano E, Gremese E, Tolusso B, Ferraccioli G. The role of high-mobility group box protein 1 in collagen antibody-induced arthritis is dependent on vascular endothelial growth factor. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 184:62-72. [PMID: 26671547 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been implicated in angiogenesis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to define more clearly the role of HMGB1 in the synovial angiogenesis and pathogenesis of an immune model of arthritis. BALB/c mice were injected with monoclonal anti-collagen antibody cocktail followed by lipopolysaccharide to induce arthritis. HMGB1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were over-expressed in the areas of the synovium where more inflammation and neoangiogenesis were present. The selective blockade of HMGB1 or VEGF resulted alternatively in a lower severity of arthritis evaluated by the arthritis index. Furthermore, exogenous HMGB1 administration caused a worsening of arthritis, associated with VEGF up-regulation and increased synovial angiogenesis. The selective inhibition of VEGF also resulted in no induction of arthritis in mice receiving exogenous HMGB1. Cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses performed on peripheral blood and synovial fluid demonstrated a significant reduction of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in mice where HMGB1 and VEGF pathways were blocked. Interestingly, the selective blockade of HMGB1 and VEGF resulted in an increase of the peripheral IL-17A concentration. The development of arthritis mediated by HMGB1 and the synovial angiogenesis can be blocked by inhibiting the VEGF activity. The proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokine IL-17A was increased when HMGB1 is inhibited, but the synovial angiogenesis was nevertheless reduced in this model of arthritis. Taken together, these findings shed new light on the role of this nuclear protein in the pathogenesis of arthritis in an RA-like model.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Biscetti
- Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology and Affine Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine
| | - A Flex
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine
| | - G Pecorini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine
| | - F Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine
| | - V Arena
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - E Stigliano
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - E Gremese
- Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology and Affine Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - B Tolusso
- Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology and Affine Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - G Ferraccioli
- Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology and Affine Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
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24
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Yao HC, Zhou M, Zhou YH, Wang LH, Zhang DY, Han QF, Liu T, Wu L, Tian KL, Zhang M. Intravenous high mobility group box 1 upregulates the expression of HIF-1α in the myocardium via a protein kinase B-dependent pathway in rats following acute myocardial ischemia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1211-9. [PMID: 26648172 PMCID: PMC4732844 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of intravenous high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains to be elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of intravenous HMGB1 on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the myocardium of rats following acute myocardial ischemia, and to examine the effects of intravenous HMGB1 on myocardial I/R injury. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: Sham operation group (n=10), a group exposed to ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 4 h (I/R group) as a control (n=10), an HMGB group, in which 100 ng/kg HMGB was administered intravenously 30 min prior to ischemia (n=10), an LY group, in whic LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), was administered intravenously (0.3 mg/kg) 40 min prior to ischemia (n=10), and the HMGB1+LY group, in which HMGB1 (100 ng/kg) and LY294002 (0.3 mg/kg) were administered intravenously 30 min and 40 min prior to ischemia, respectively (n=10). The serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and myocardial infarct size were measured. The expression levels of phosphorylated Akt and HIF-1α were investigated using western blot analyses. The results showed that pre-treatment with HMGB1 significantly decreased serum levels of cTnI, and TNF-α, and reduced myocardial infarct size following 4 h reperfusion (all P<0.05). HMGB1 also increased the expression levels of HIF-1α and p-Akt induced by I/R (P<0.05). LY294002 was found to eliminate the effects of intravenous HMGB1 on myocardial I/R injury (P<0.05). These results suggest that intravenous pre-treatment with HMGB1 may exert its cardioprotective effects via the upregulation of the myocardial expression of HIF-1α, which may be regulated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in rats following acute myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lan-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - De-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Feng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Li Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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25
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Zhang DY, Zhang AX, Zhou YH, Wang LH, Yao HC. Protection of intravenous HMGB1 on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:280-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Nakamura Y, Suzuki S, Shimizu T, Miyata M, Shishido T, Ikeda K, Saitoh SI, Kubota I, Takeishi Y. High Mobility Group Box 1 Promotes Angiogenesis from Bone Marrow-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells after Myocardial Infarction. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:570-81. [PMID: 25735431 DOI: 10.5551/jat.27235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding protein secreted into the extracellular space from necrotic cells that acts as a cytokine. We examined the role of HMGB1 in angiogenesis from bone marrow-derived cells in the heart using transgenic mice exhibiting the cardiac-specific overexpression of HMGB1 (HMGB1-TG). METHODS HMGB1-TG mice and wild-type littermate (WT) mice were lethally irradiated and injected with bone marrow cells from green fluorescent protein mice through the tail vein. After bone marrow transplantation, the left anterior descending artery was ligated to induce myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS Flow cytometry revealed that the levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilized from the bone marrow increased after MI in the HMGB-TG mice versus the WT mice. In addition, the size of MI was smaller in the HMGB1-TG mice than in the WT mice, and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the number of engrafted vascular endothelial cells derived from bone marrow in the border zones of the MI areas was increased in the HMGB1-TG mice compared to that observed in the WT mice. Moreover, the levels of cardiac vascular endothelial growth factor after MI were higher in the HMGB1-TG mice than in the WT mice. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 promotes angiogenesis and reduces the MI size by enhancing the mobilization and differentiation of bone marrow cells to EPCs as well as their migration to the border zones of the MI areas and engraftment as vascular endothelial cells in new capillaries or arterioles in the infarcted heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University
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27
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Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Transcriptional profiling of HMGB1-induced myocardial repair identifies a key role for Notch signaling. Mol Ther 2013; 21:1841-51. [PMID: 23760446 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) administration to the mouse heart, during acute myocardial infarction (MI), results in cardiac regeneration via resident c-kit(+) cell (CPC) activation. Aim of the present study was to identify the molecular pathways involved in HMGB1-induced heart repair. Gene expression profiling was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in the infarcted and bordering regions of untreated and HMGB1-treated mouse hearts, 3 days after MI. Functional categorization of the transcripts, accomplished using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software (IPA), revealed that genes involved in tissue regeneration, that is, cardiogenesis, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, were present both in the infarcted area and in the peri-infarct zone; HMGB1 treatment further increased the expression of these genes. IPA revealed the involvement of Notch signaling pathways in HMGB1-treated hearts. Importantly, HMGB1 determined a 35 and 58% increase in cardiomyocytes and CPCs expressing Notch intracellular cytoplasmic domain, respectively. Further, Notch inhibition by systemic treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, which blocked the proteolytic activation of Notch receptors, reduced the number of CPCs, their proliferative fraction, and cardiomyogenic differentiation in HMGB1-treated infarcted hearts. The present study gives insight into the molecular processes involved in HMGB1-mediated cardiac regeneration and indicates Notch signaling as a key player.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a TREM (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1)-like transcript 1-derived peptide (LR12) administration during septic shock in pigs. Two hours after induction of a fecal peritonitis, anesthetized and mechanically ventilated adult male minipigs were randomized to receive LR12 (n = 6) or its vehicle alone (normal saline, n = 5). Two animals were operated and instrumented without the induction of peritonitis and served as controls (sham). Resuscitation was achieved using hydroxyethyl starch (up to 20 mL/kg) and norepinephrine infusion (up to 10 μg/kg per minute). Hemodynamic parameters were continuously recorded. Gas exchange, acid-base status, organ function, and plasma cytokines concentrations were evaluated at regular intervals until 24 h after the onset of peritonitis when animals were killed under anesthesia. Peritonitis induced profound hypotension, myocardial dysfunction, lactic acidosis, coagulation abnormalities, and multiple organ failure. These disorders were largely attenuated by LR12. In particular, cardiovascular failure was dampened as attested by a better mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, cardiac power index, and S(v)O(2), despite lower norepinephrine requirements. LR12, a TREM-like transcript 1-derived peptide, exhibits salutary properties during septic shock in adult minipigs.
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30
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:241-50. [PMID: 23486386 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835f5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2012; 17:688-99. [PMID: 23147911 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835af316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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32
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Ranzato E, Martinotti S, Pedrazzi M, Patrone M. High mobility group box protein-1 in wound repair. Cells 2012; 1:699-710. [PMID: 24710526 PMCID: PMC3901153 DOI: 10.3390/cells1040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a member of highly conserved non-histone DNA binding protein family, has been studied as transcription factor and growth factor. Secreted extracellularly by activated monocytes and macrophages or passively released by necrotic or damaged cells, extracellular HMGB1 is a potent mediator of inflammation. Extracellular HMGB1 has apparently contrasting biological actions: it sustains inflammation (with the possible establishment of autoimmunity or of self-maintaining tissue damage), but it also activates and recruits stem cells, boosting tissue repair. Here, we focus on the role of HMGB1 in physiological and pathological responses, the mechanisms by which it contributes to tissue repair and therapeutic strategies base on targeting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Ranzato
- Department of Sciences and Innovative Technology, (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, Alessandria 15121, Italy.
| | - Simona Martinotti
- Department of Sciences and Innovative Technology, (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, Alessandria 15121, Italy.
| | - Marco Pedrazzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES)-Biochemistry Section, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, Genoa 1-16132, Italy.
| | - Mauro Patrone
- Department of Sciences and Innovative Technology, (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, Alessandria 15121, Italy.
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Biphasic activation of nuclear factor-kappa B in experimental models of subarachnoid hemorrhage in vivo and in vitro. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:786242. [PMID: 23049172 PMCID: PMC3461645 DOI: 10.1155/2012/786242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is activated as a well-known transcription factor after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, the panoramic view of NF-κB activity after SAH remained obscure. Cultured neurons were signed into control group and six hemoglobin- (Hb-) incubated groups. One-hemorrhage rabbit SAH model was produced, and the rabbits were divided randomly into one control group and five SAH groups. NF-κB activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and immunohistochemistry. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to assess the downstream genes of NF-κB. NeuN immunofluorescence and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) quantification were used to estimate the neuron injury. Double drastically elevated NF-κB activity peaks were detected in rabbit brains and cultured neurons. The downstream gene expressions showed an accordant phase peaks. NeuN-positive cells decreased significantly in day 3 and day 10 groups. LDH leakage exhibited a significant increase in Hb-incubated groups, but no significant difference was found between the Hb incubated groups. These results suggested that biphasic increasing of NF-κB activity was induced after SAH, and the early NF-κB activity peak indicated the injury role on neurons; however, the late peak might not be involved in the deteriorated effect on neurons.
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Venereau E, Casalgrandi M, Schiraldi M, Antoine DJ, Cattaneo A, De Marchis F, Liu J, Antonelli A, Preti A, Raeli L, Shams SS, Yang H, Varani L, Andersson U, Tracey KJ, Bachi A, Uguccioni M, Bianchi ME. Mutually exclusive redox forms of HMGB1 promote cell recruitment or proinflammatory cytokine release. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 209:1519-28. [PMID: 22869893 PMCID: PMC3428943 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20120189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HMGB1 orchestrates leukocyte recruitment and their induction to secrete inflammatory cytokines by switching between mutually exclusive redox states. Tissue damage causes inflammation, by recruiting leukocytes and activating them to release proinflammatory mediators. We show that high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) orchestrates both processes by switching among mutually exclusive redox states. Reduced cysteines make HMGB1 a chemoattractant, whereas a disulfide bond makes it a proinflammatory cytokine and further cysteine oxidation to sulfonates by reactive oxygen species abrogates both activities. We show that leukocyte recruitment and activation can be separated. A nonoxidizable HMGB1 mutant in which serines replace all cysteines (3S-HMGB1) does not promote cytokine production, but is more effective than wild-type HMGB1 in recruiting leukocytes in vivo. BoxA, a HMGB1 inhibitor, interferes with leukocyte recruitment but not with activation. We detected the different redox forms of HMGB1 ex vivo within injured muscle. HMGB1 is completely reduced at first and disulfide-bonded later. Thus, HMGB1 orchestrates both key events in sterile inflammation, leukocyte recruitment and their induction to secrete inflammatory cytokines, by adopting mutually exclusive redox states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Venereau
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Tian Y, Stamova B, Jickling GC, Liu D, Ander BP, Bushnell C, Zhan X, Davis RR, Verro P, Pevec WC, Hedayati N, Dawson DL, Khoury J, Jauch EC, Pancioli A, Broderick JP, Sharp FR. Effects of gender on gene expression in the blood of ischemic stroke patients. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2012; 32:780-91. [PMID: 22167233 PMCID: PMC3345909 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of gender on RNA expression after ischemic stroke (IS). RNA obtained from blood of IS patients (n=51; 153 samples at < or =3, 5, and 24 hours) and from matched controls (n=52) were processed on Affymetrix microarrays. Analyses of covariance for stroke versus control samples were performed separately for both genders and the regulated genes for females compared with males. In all, 242, 227, and 338 male-specific genes were regulated at < or =3, 5, and 24 hours after IS, respectively, of which 59 were regulated at all time points. Overall, 774, 3,437, and 571 female-specific stroke genes were regulated at < or =3, 5, and 24 hours, respectively, of which 152 were regulated at all time points. Male-specific stroke genes were associated with integrin, integrin-liked kinase, actin, tight junction, Wnt/β-catenin, RhoA, fibroblast growth factors (FGF), granzyme, and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)2 signaling. Female-specific stroke genes were associated with p53, high-mobility group box-1, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)1α, interleukin (IL)1, IL6, IL12, IL18, acute-phase response, T-helper, macrophage, and estrogen signaling. Cell death signaling was overrepresented in both genders, although the molecules and pathways differed. Gender affects gene expression in the blood of IS patients, which likely implies gender differences in immune, inflammatory, and cell death responses to stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Tian
- Department of Neurology, the MIND Institute, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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