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Munyeku-Bazitama Y, Okitale-Talunda P, Hattori T, Saito T, Lombe BP, Miyamoto H, Mori-Kajihara A, Kajihara M, Nkoy AB, Twabela AT, Masumu J, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Igarashi M, Park ES, Morikawa S, Makiala-Mandanda S, Takada A. Seroprevalence of Bas-Congo virus in Mangala, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a population-based cross-sectional study. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:e529-e537. [PMID: 38555924 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bas-Congo virus (BASV), an emerging tibrovirus, was associated with an outbreak of acute haemorrhagic fever in Mangala, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2009. In 2012, neutralising antibodies to BASV were detected in the lone survivor and one of his close contacts. However, subsequent serological and molecular surveys were unsuccessful as neither BASV antibodies nor its RNA were detected. In this study, we determined the seroprevalence of BASV infection in Mangala 13 years after the initial outbreak. METHODS We conducted a population-based serological survey from Jan 17 to Jan 23, 2022. Consenting individuals at least 5 years of age, living in Mangala for at least 4 weeks, and who had no contraindication to venepuncture were enrolled. Participants were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. We supplemented the collected serum samples with 284 archived samples from Matadi and Kinshasa. All samples were tested for antibodies to BASV and other tibroviruses using a pseudovirus-based neutralisation test. FINDINGS Among the 267 individuals from Mangala, the prevalence of BASV antibodies was 55% (95% CI 49-61; n=147). BASV seropositivity odds significantly increased with age (5·2 [95% CI 2·1-12·9] to 83·9 [20·8-337·7] times higher in participants aged 20 years or older than participants aged 5-19 years). Some occupational categories (eg, farmer or public servant) were associated with seropositivity. Only nine (6%) of 160 samples from Matadi and one (<1%) of 124 samples from Kinshasa had neutralising antibodies to BASV. Moreover, we also detected neutralising antibodies to other tibroviruses-Ekpoma virus 1, Ekpoma virus 2, and Mundri virus-in 84 (31%), 251 (94%), and 219 (82%) of 267 Mangala samples; 14 (9%), 62 (39%), and 120 (75%) of 160 Matadi samples; and six (5%), five (4%), and 33 (27%) of 124 Kinshasa samples, respectively. INTERPRETATION Human infection with BASV and other tibroviruses seems common in Mangala, although no deadly outbreak has been reported since 2009. Exposure to BASV might be highly restricted to Mangala and the increasing prevalence of neutralising antibodies with age suggests regular contact with the virus in this city. Altogether, our findings suggest that human infection with tibroviruses could be common in the study areas and not associated with deadly haemorrhagic or debilitating syndromes. FUNDING Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) under the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) and Japan Program for Infectious Diseases Research and Infrastructure from AMED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Munyeku-Bazitama
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Patient Okitale-Talunda
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Takanari Hattori
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Boniface Pongombo Lombe
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Central Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hiroko Miyamoto
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akina Mori-Kajihara
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kajihara
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Agathe Bikupe Nkoy
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Augustin Tshibwabwa Twabela
- Central Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Justin Masumu
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Central Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Manabu Igarashi
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eun-Sil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan
| | - Sheila Makiala-Mandanda
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ayato Takada
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
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Human Tibroviruses: Commensals or Lethal Pathogens? Viruses 2020; 12:v12030252. [PMID: 32106547 PMCID: PMC7150972 DOI: 10.3390/v12030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdoviruses are a large and ecologically diverse family of negative-sense RNA viruses (Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae). These viruses are capable of infecting an unexpectedly wide variety of plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates distributed over all human-inhabited continents. However, only a few rhabdoviruses are known to infect humans: a ledantevirus (Le Dantec virus), several lyssaviruses (in particular, rabies virus), and several vesiculoviruses (e.g., Chandipura virus, vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus). Recently, several novel rhabdoviruses have been discovered in the blood of both healthy and severely ill individuals living in Central and Western Africa. These viruses—Bas-Congo virus, Ekpoma virus 1, and Ekpoma virus 2—are members of the little-understood rhabdoviral genus Tibrovirus. Other than the basic genomic architecture, tibroviruses bear little resemblance to well-studied rhabdoviruses such as rabies virus and vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus. These three human tibroviruses are quite divergent from each other, and each of them clusters closely with tibroviruses currently known only from biting midges or healthy cattle. Seroprevalence studies suggest that human tibrovirus infections may be common but are almost entirely unrecognized. The pathogenic potential of this diverse group of viruses remains unknown. Although certain tibroviruses may be benign and well-adapted to humans, others could be newly emerging and produce serious disease. Here, we review the current knowledge of tibroviruses and argue that assessing their impact on human health should be an urgent priority.
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Caì Y, Yú S, Jangra RK, Postnikova EN, Wada J, Tesh RB, Whelan SPJ, Lauck M, Wiley MR, Finch CL, Radoshitzky SR, O’Connor DH, Palacios G, Chandran K, Chiu CY, Kuhn JH. Human, Nonhuman Primate, and Bat Cells Are Broadly Susceptible to Tibrovirus Particle Cell Entry. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:856. [PMID: 31105663 PMCID: PMC6499107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2012, the genome of a novel rhabdovirus, Bas-Congo virus (BASV), was discovered in the acute-phase serum of a Congolese patient with presumed viral hemorrhagic fever. In the absence of a replicating virus isolate, fulfilling Koch's postulates to determine whether BASV is indeed a human virus and/or pathogen has been impossible. However, experiments with vesiculoviral particles pseudotyped with Bas-Congo glycoprotein suggested that BASV particles can enter cells from multiple animals, including humans. In 2015, genomes of two related viruses, Ekpoma virus 1 (EKV-1) and Ekpoma virus 2 (EKV-2), were detected in human sera in Nigeria. Isolates could not be obtained. Phylogenetic analyses led to the classification of BASV, EKV-1, and EKV-2 in the same genus, Tibrovirus, together with five biting midge-borne rhabdoviruses [i.e., Beatrice Hill virus (BHV), Bivens Arm virus (BAV), Coastal Plains virus (CPV), Sweetwater Branch virus (SWBV), and Tibrogargan virus (TIBV)] not known to infect humans. Using individual recombinant vesiculoviruses expressing the glycoproteins of all eight known tibroviruses and more than 75 cell lines representing different animal species, we demonstrate that the glycoproteins of all tibroviruses can mediate vesiculovirus particle entry into human, bat, nonhuman primate, cotton rat, boa constrictor, and Asian tiger mosquito cells. Using four of five isolated authentic tibroviruses (i.e., BAV, CPV, SWBV, and TIBV), our experiments indicate that many cell types may be partially resistant to tibrovirus replication after virion cell entry. Consequently, experimental data solely obtained from experiments using tibrovirus surrogate systems (e.g., vesiculoviral pseudotypes, recombinant vesiculoviruses) cannot be used to predict whether BASV, or any other tibrovirus, infects humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yíngyún Caì
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Shuǐqìng Yú
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Rohit K. Jangra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Elena N. Postnikova
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Jiro Wada
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Robert B. Tesh
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Sean P. J. Whelan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Lauck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Michael R. Wiley
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Courtney L. Finch
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Sheli R. Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - David H. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Charles Y. Chiu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jens H. Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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Bogich TL, Anthony SJ, Nichols JD. Surveillance theory applied to virus detection: a case for targeted discovery. Future Virol 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.13.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Virus detection and mathematical modeling have gone through rapid developments in the past decade. Both offer new insights into the epidemiology of infectious disease and characterization of future risk; however, modeling has not yet been applied to designing the best surveillance strategies for viral and pathogen discovery. We review recent developments and propose methods to integrate viral and pathogen discovery and mathematical modeling through optimal surveillance theory, arguing for a more targeted approach to novel virus detection guided by the principles of adaptive management and structured decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany L Bogich
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Princeton University, Dept of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Simon J Anthony
- Center for Infection & Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, USA
- EcoHealth Alliance, 17th Floor, 460 West 34th Street, New York, NY, USA
| | - James D Nichols
- US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, USA
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