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Peixoto PMG, Cunha LL, Barbosa L, Coelho W, Podico G, Bicalho RC, Canisso IF, Lima FS. Evaluation of Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) as a Treatment for Chronic Intramammary Infection in Dairy Cows. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081029. [PMID: 36009897 PMCID: PMC9405456 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the main contributors to antimicrobial resistance in livestock, so alternative therapies are being investigated to address it. The present study assessed the capability of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) to improve neutrophil function in the mammary gland and resolve chronic high somatic cell count (SCC) in Holstein cows. Multiparous cows (n = 8) with more than 300,000 SCC per mL were allocated to one of two intramammary infusions: saline (10 mL of saline solution) or rbIL-8 (1.57 mg/mL of recombinant bovine IL-8 diluted in 9 mL of saline). In addition, there was an untreated control group (n = 2, SCC < 300,000 SCC/mL). Milk samples were collected post-treatment at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 144 h to quantify milk SCC, haptoglobin, and IgG concentrations. Neutrophil’s phagocytosis in milk and blood was evaluated via flow cytometry at 0, 24, and 48 h. The log of SCC did not differ between the infused groups (p = 0.369). Neutrophils presented a similar log of cells with high fluorescence for propidium-iodide (PI) and dihydrorhodamine (DHR) in milk (p = 0.412) and blood samples (p = 0.766) in both infused groups. Intramammary infusion of 1.57 mg/mL of rbIL-8 did not improve neutrophils response and failed to resolve chronic high SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M. G. Peixoto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive, and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lais L. Cunha
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
| | - Leonardo Barbosa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
| | - Wilson Coelho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Giorgia Podico
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Rodrigo C. Bicalho
- Fera Diagnostics and Biologicals Corporation, College Station, TX 77802, USA;
| | - Igor F. Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (P.M.G.P.); (L.L.C.); (L.B.); (W.C.J.); (G.P.); (I.F.C.)
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Fabio S. Lima
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence:
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Rossi G, Capitani L, Ceciliani F, Restelli L, Paltrinieri S. Hyposialylated α1-acid glycoprotein inhibits phagocytosis of feline neutrophils. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:465-71. [PMID: 23726663 PMCID: PMC7126313 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Feline α1-acid glycoprotein (fAGP) modifies both its serum concentration and its glycan moiety during diseases. fAGP is hyposialylated in cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), but not in clinically healthy cats or in cats with other diseases. This study was aimed to determine whether hyposialylated fAGP influences phagocytosis. A flow cytometric method based on ingestion of fluoresceinated bacteria and adapted to feline blood was used to assess phagocytosis of leukocytes incubated with 'non-pathological' fAGP (purified from sera with normal concentrations of AGP) and 'pathological' fAGP (purified from sera with >1.5mg/mL hyposialylated AGP). The flow cytometric method provided repeatable results for neutrophils (coefficients of variations, CVs <15%) but not for monocytes (CVs>20%) which had also a high individual variability. Compared with saline solution and with non-pathological fAGP, pathological fAGP significantly decreased phagocytosis in neutrophils and monocytes. This study demonstrated that hyposialylated fAGP down-regulates the phagocytic activity of feline neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S. Paltrinieri
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 02 50318103; fax: +39 02 50318095.
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Sacerdote P, Mussano F, Franchi S, Panerai A, Bussolati G, Carossa S, Bartorelli A, Bussolati B. Biological components in a standardized derivative of bovine colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:1745-54. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Silvestre-Ferreira AC, Pastor J. Feline neonatal isoerythrolysis and the importance of feline blood types. Vet Med Int 2010; 2010:753726. [PMID: 20631821 PMCID: PMC2899707 DOI: 10.4061/2010/753726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although feline neonatal isoerythrolysis is rare, associated mortality rate is high. It results from mating of type B blood queens with type A or AB blood toms. A comprehensive review on feline blood types and feline neonatal isoerythrolysis physiopathology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention is covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Silvestre-Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Hospital, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Josep Pastor
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Fahey GC, Barry KA, Swanson KS. Age-Related Changes in Nutrient Utilization by Companion Animals. Annu Rev Nutr 2008; 28:425-45. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George C. Fahey
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801; , ,
| | - Kathleen A. Barry
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801; , ,
| | - Kelly S. Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801; , ,
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Fernández A, Ramos JJ, Loste A, Ferrer LM, Figueras L, Verde MT, Marca MC. Influence of colostrum treated by heat on immunity function in goat kids. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 29:353-64. [PMID: 17030384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2006.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the influence of goat colostrum treated by heat on immune function in kids. Thirteen newborn kids were fed untreated colostrum (group A) and 13 kids were fed colostrum treated by heat (56 degrees C, 30 min) (group B). Blood samples were obtained at eight time points between the ages of 0 h to 28 days. Serum protein fractions, IgG levels and phagocytic activity of neutrophils were determined. A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) test was used, clinical status and body weight was recorded. There were no clinical signs of disease and no differences (P>0.05) on body weight between groups were noted. Kids from group B had less total protein levels and gamma-globulins than kids from group A (P<0.05). A decrease in serum IgG levels (P<0.05) was observed in kids from group B during all experiment. DTH response in kids from group B was lower (P<0.01) than group A, suggesting alteration on cellular immune system. No effects on phagocytic activity of the neutrophils were observed when both groups were compared (P>0.05). These results showed that colostrum treated by heat impaired some immunological parameters in kids, but these changes did not affect on clinical status or performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fernández
- Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013-Zaragoza, Spain.
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Chen YJ, Kyles AE, Gregory CR. In vitro evaluation of the effect of a novel immunosuppressive agent, FTY720, on the function of feline neutrophils. Am J Vet Res 2006; 67:588-92. [PMID: 16579750 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.67.4.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of a novel immunosuppressive agent, FTY720, on biological functions (migration, phagocytosis, and production of reactive-oxygen species [ROS]) of feline peripheral neutrophils and determine the cytotoxic effects of FTY720 on feline peripheral neutrophils. SAMPLE POPULATION Peripheral neutrophils obtained from 8 healthy cats. PROCEDURE Peripheral neutrophils were isolated from blood samples obtained from the 8 cats and exposed to the phosphorylated form of FTY720 (FTY720-P). A fluorescence-based in vitro evaluation of migration was performed. Phagocytosis of microbes and production of ROS were evaluated by use of a 2-color flow cytometry system. Samples of whole blood obtained from the cats were incubated with various concentrations of FTY720-P, fluorescein-labeled Staphylococcus aureus, and dihydroethidium. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated by use of propidium iodide staining. RESULTS Addition of FTY720-P caused a slight non-significant decrease in phagocytosis and production of ROS by feline peripheral neutrophils. Migration activity of feline peripheral neutrophils was significantly increased by the addition of FTY720-P. Addition of FTY720-P at concentrations considered for clinical use did not increase the death rate of feline peripheral neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE FTY720 does not inhibit critical functions of feline peripheral neutrophils in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Je Chen
- Comparative Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences and Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8745, USA
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Firth MA, Shewen PE, Hodgins DC. Passive and active components of neonatal innate immune defenses. Anim Health Res Rev 2006; 6:143-58. [PMID: 16583779 DOI: 10.1079/ahr2005107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune defenses are crucial for survival in the first days and weeks of life. At birth, newborns are confronted with a vast array of potentially pathogenic microorganisms that were not encountered in utero. At this age, cellular components of the adaptive immune system are in a naive state and are slow to respond. Antibodies received from the dam are essential for defense, but represent a finite and dwindling resource. Innate components of the immune system detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on microorganisms (and their products) by means of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Soluble mediators of the innate system such as complement proteins, pentraxins, collectins, ficolins, defensins, lactoferrin, lysozyme etc. can bind to structures on pathogens, leading to agglutination, interference with receptor binding, opsonization, neutralization, direct membrane damage and recruitment of additional soluble and cellular elements through inflammation. Cell-associated receptors such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can activate cells and coordinate responses (both innate and adaptive). In this paper, accumulated knowledge of the receptors, soluble and cellular elements that contribute to innate defenses of young animals is reviewed. Research interest in this area has been intermittent, and the literature varies in quantity and quality. It is hoped that documentation of the limitations of our knowledge base will lead to more extensive and enlightening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Firth
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada NIG 2W1
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Crawford PC, Levy JK, Werner LL. Evaluation of surrogate markers for passive transfer of immunity in kittens. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006; 228:1038-41. [PMID: 16579781 DOI: 10.2460/javma.228.7.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify surrogate markers of passive transfer of immunity in kittens. DESIGN Prospective clinical trial. ANIMALS 55 kittens from 12 specific-pathogen-free queens. PROCEDURE Kittens were allocated at birth into colostrum-fed (n = 27) and colostrum-deprived (28) groups. Blood was collected at birth and on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 56. Serum samples were analyzed for activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, amylase, and lipase and for concentrations of albumin, total protein, bilirubin, urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, and triglycerides by use of an automated analyzer. Total serum solids concentrations were estimated by use of refractometry. Serum IgG concentrations were quantified by use of radial immunodiffusion. RESULTS All kittens were agammaglobulinemic at birth. Colostrum-fed kittens had significantly higher IgG concentrations than did colostrum-deprived kittens from 1 though 28 days of age. Transient significant differences in serum biochemical variables between the colostrum-deprived and colostrum-fed groups were substantially resolved by day 4. Passive transfer of immunity could be reliably determined at 1 day of age and to a lesser extent at 2 days of age only by measurement of serum activity of ALP. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Adequacy of passive transfer in kittens initially correlated with serum activity of ALP, but quantification of serum IgG concentration was necessary after 2 days of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cynda Crawford
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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