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Zhou D, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhou K, Tang W. Optimizing strategy for cervical cancer prevention in china: a comprehensive modeling analysis. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2025; 23:20. [PMID: 40369618 PMCID: PMC12080047 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-025-00630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the first domestic 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine soon to be introduced in China, alongside advancements in cervical cancer screening technologies, we aimed to evaluate and identify effective, cost-effective, and affordable cervical cancer prevention strategies suitable for China. METHODS We developed a Markov model from the healthcare system perspective, comprising 18 ages strata and 9 health states, to predict the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and affordability of 38 different cervical cancer prevention strategies over the next 30 years, compared with no intervention. The model parameters were calibrated using least-squares fitting against real-world data and simulation results for the no-intervention scenario. Strategies were assessed and selected based on the World Health Organization's (WHO) cervical cancer elimination target (incidence < 4 per 100,000), cost-effectiveness threshold (Incremental cost effectiveness ratio [ICER] < one-time China's 2023 per capita GDP), and current cervical cancer prevention budget in China. We conducted one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses, and considered potential price reductions from centralized procurement to assess the robustness of the results. RESULTS Compared with no intervention, 16 strategies could achieve cervical cancer elimination by 2050, 29 were highly cost-effective, and 11 were affordable. Overall, only screening women aged 35-64 using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) combined with bivalent vaccination for girls aged 9-14 met all criteria. This strategy could achieve cervical cancer elimination by 2041, with an ICER of US$2,543.91 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), and was deemed affordable. Sensitivity analysis indicated the results were robust. If price reductions from centralized procurement were considered, CareHPV, PAP, and 9-valent HPV vaccination could become attractive alternatives. CONCLUSION Screening women aged 35-64 with VIA and vaccinating girls aged 9-14 with the bivalent HPV vaccine is currently the most suitable cervical cancer prevention strategy for China. In scenarios with larger budgets, more accurate screening methods and the 9-valent HPV vaccine could be introduced. Our study provides crucial evidence for cervical cancer prevention and control policy in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuang Zhou
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, Department of Public Affairs Management, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, Department of Public Affairs Management, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, Department of Public Affairs Management, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kejia Zhou
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, Department of Public Affairs Management, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxi Tang
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, Department of Public Affairs Management, School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen Y, Shu Y, Zheng H, Sun C, Fu C. The 2 nd China Vaccinology Integrated Innovation & Teaching Development Conference: Promoting the construction of vaccinology discipline system. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2300157. [PMID: 38198292 PMCID: PMC10793687 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2nd China Vaccinology Integrated Innovation & Teaching Development Conference was held in Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 18-19, November 2023. Over 200 participants in the field of Vaccinology gathered together to address challenges and issues relevant to vaccine education and training courses, research, and public health programs in China. The conference themed "Promoting the Integrated and Innovative Development of Vaccinology through Collective Efforts." The conference was organized by the China Association of Vaccine (CAV) and hosted by Vaccinology Education Professional Committee of CAV, and School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University. Other partners included the Medical Virology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the editorial committee of the Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, and the People's Medical Publishing House. The 1st conference was held in Hangzhou, in October 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Chen
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanxi Fu
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Niu X, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Sun Y, Wei Z, Fu K, Li J, Tang M, Wan W, Gao X, Chen H, Qi R, Song B. Comprehensive succinylome analyses reveal that hyperthermia upregulates lysine succinylation of annexin A2 by downregulating sirtuin7 in human keratinocytes. J Transl Int Med 2024; 12:424-436. [PMID: 39360157 PMCID: PMC11444469 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2022-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Local hyperthermia at 44°C can clear multiple human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected skin lesions (warts) by targeting a single lesion, which is considered as a success of inducing antiviral immunity in the human body. However, approximately 30% of the patients had a lower response to this intervention. To identify novel molecular targets for anti-HPV immunity induction to improve local hyperthermia efficacy, we conducted a lysine succinylome assay in HaCaT cells (subjected to 44°C and 37°C water baths for 30 min). Methods The succinylome analysis was conducted on HaCaT subjected to 44°C and 37°C water bath for 30 min using antibody affinity enrichment together with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results were validated by western blot (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Then, bioinformatic analysis including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, motif characterization, secondary structure, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) was performed. Results A total of 119 proteins with 197 succinylated sites were upregulated in 44°C-treated HaCaT cells. GO annotation demonstrated that differential proteins were involved in the immune system process and viral transcription. Succinylation was significantly upregulated in annexin A2. We found that hyperthermia upregulated the succinylated level of global proteins in HaCaT cells by downregulating the desuccinylase sirtuin7 (SIRT7), which can interact with annexin A2. Conclusions Taken together, these data indicated that succinylation of annexin A2 may serve as a new drug target, which could be intervened in combination with local hyperthermia for better treatment of cutaneous warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510091, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhendong Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian116027, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Kangle Fu
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, CardiffUK
| | - Mingsui Tang
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, CardiffUK
| | - Wenyu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongduo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruiqun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing Song
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, CardiffUK
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong Province, China
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Lin M, Ashraf NS, Mahjabeen I. Deregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in laryngeal cancer: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38362. [PMID: 38968481 PMCID: PMC11224865 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma (LC) is reported to have a higher incidence rate among all types of head and neck cancers around the globe. Mechanisms resulting in the pathogenesis of LC are complicated due to involvement of invasion and metastasis and there is a need to understand this complicated multistep process. Numerous molecules including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in regulating metastatic mechanisms. Furthermore, activation and expression of different classes of MMPs have been observed in multiple pathological and physiological events including inflammation, invasion, and metastasis. Among all members of MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) have been frequently reported to correlate with tumor pathogenesis. The present study is designed to check the involvement of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in LC pathogenesis. 184 laryngeal tumor samples along with adjacent uninvolved healthy sections were collected to check the expression deregulation of the above-mentioned gene in LC using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Real-time PCR and IHC analyses showed the significant upregulation of MMP-2 (P < .0001) and MMP-9 (P < .0001) genes in laryngeal tumors compared to controls. Spearman correlation showed the positive correlation of expression deregulation of selected MMPs with advanced TNM stage [MMP-2, (P < .0001); MMP-9, P < .0001] and smoking status [MMP-2 (P < .0001); MMP-9 P < .0001] in laryngeal pathogenesis. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis showed the good diagnostic/prognostic value of said markers in laryngeal cancer patients. The present study showed that significant upregulation of selected MMPs was found associated with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer and can act as good diagnostic markers for the detection of said disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pingyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Nida Sarosh Ashraf
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
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Tran J, Hathaway CL, Broshkevitch CJ, Palanee-Phillips T, Barnabas RV, Rao DW, Sharma M. Cost-effectiveness of single-visit cervical cancer screening in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a model-based analysis accounting for the HIV epidemic. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1382599. [PMID: 38720798 PMCID: PMC11077327 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1382599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLHIV) face elevated risks of human papillomavirus (HPV) acquisition and cervical cancer (CC). Coverage of CC screening and treatment remains low in low-and-middle-income settings, reflecting resource challenges and loss to follow-up with current strategies. We estimated the health and economic impact of alternative scalable CC screening strategies in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, a region with high burden of CC and HIV. Methods We parameterized a dynamic compartmental model of HPV and HIV transmission and CC natural history to KwaZulu-Natal. Over 100 years, we simulated the status quo of a multi-visit screening and treatment strategy with cytology and colposcopy triage (South African standard of care) and six single-visit comparator scenarios with varying: 1) screening strategy (HPV DNA testing alone, with genotyping, or with automated visual evaluation triage, a new high-performance technology), 2) screening frequency (once-per-lifetime for all women, or repeated every 5 years for WLHIV and twice for women without HIV), and 3) loss to follow-up for treatment. Using the Ministry of Health perspective, we estimated costs associated with HPV vaccination, screening, and pre-cancer, CC, and HIV treatment. We quantified CC cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted for each scenario. We discounted costs (2022 US dollars) and outcomes at 3% annually and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results We projected 69,294 new CC cases and 43,950 CC-related deaths in the status quo scenario. HPV DNA testing achieved the greatest improvement in health outcomes, averting 9.4% of cases and 9.0% of deaths with one-time screening and 37.1% and 35.1%, respectively, with repeat screening. Compared to the cost of the status quo ($12.79 billion), repeat screening using HPV DNA genotyping had the greatest increase in costs. Repeat screening with HPV DNA testing was the most effective strategy below the willingness to pay threshold (ICER: $3,194/DALY averted). One-time screening with HPV DNA testing was also an efficient strategy (ICER: $1,398/DALY averted). Conclusions Repeat single-visit screening with HPV DNA testing was the optimal strategy simulated. Single-visit strategies with increased frequency for WLHIV may be cost-effective in KwaZulu-Natal and similar settings with high HIV and HPV prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinda Tran
- The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Christine Lee Hathaway
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cara Jill Broshkevitch
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Thesla Palanee-Phillips
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Wits RHI, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ruanne Vanessa Barnabas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Darcy White Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Monisha Sharma
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Fang P, Zheng H, Liu L, Pan J, Chen M, Yu X, Chen M, Yuan W. Factors Influencing Knowledge and Acceptance of Nonavalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Among University Population in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241293989. [PMID: 39435865 PMCID: PMC11528755 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241293989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy among young Chinese remains a challenge, contributing to low vaccination rates for the nonavalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. This study evaluated the knowledge and acceptance of this vaccine among students at a southern Chinese university and identified factors influencing these outcomes. METHODS This cross-sectional, anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted from April to November 2023 at a multi-campus university in southern China. The questionnaire was comprised of three sections: the first collected demographic data; the second evaluated students' knowledge of the nonavalent HPV vaccine on a scale from 0 to 15, with cut-off points at 5 and 10 delineating low, medium, and high knowledge levels, respectively; the third section assessed vaccine acceptance on a scale from 8 to 40, using scores above the 50th percentile as the benchmark for positive acceptance. RESULTS Among the participants, 18% demonstrated low-level, 40.20% medium-level, and 41.70% high-level knowledge of the nonavalent HPV vaccine. Notably, 71.95% of respondents showed positive acceptance, whereas 28.05% expressed negative acceptance. Male students and those with lower economic conditions (monthly living expenses below 1000 RMB, P = 0.004; 1000-1499 RMB, P = 0.012) exhibited lower knowledge levels. As for acceptance, female students and those with higher monthly living expenses (1000-1499 RMB, P = 0.007; 1500-1999 RMB, P = 0.002; over 2000 RMB, P = 0.002) demonstrated greater vaccine acceptance. A positive correlation was noted between the level of knowledge and vaccine acceptance (rs = 0.256, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Gender and economic status are significantly associated with nonavalent HPV vaccine knowledge and acceptance among university students. These findings highlight the potential impact of targeted educational initiatives, especially for economically disadvantaged male students, in enhancing vaccine uptake rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwan Fang
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Foshan Women and Children’s Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mianjia Chen
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Weicheng Yuan
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Chen H, Zhao X, Hu S, You T, Xia C, Gao M, Dong M, Qiao Y, Zhao F. Estimation of economic burden throughout course of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer in China: A nationwide multicenter cross-sectional study. Chin J Cancer Res 2023; 35:675-685. [PMID: 38204443 PMCID: PMC10774142 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2023.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and cervical cancer are major threats to females' health and life in China, and we aimed to estimate the economic burden associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Methods A nationwide multicenter, cross-sectional, hospital-based survey was conducted in 26 qualified hospitals across seven administrative regions of China. We investigated females who had been pathologically diagnosed with SIL and cervical cancer, and included five disease courses ("diagnosis", "initial treatment", "chemoradiotherapy", "follow-up" and "recurrence/progression/metastasis") to estimate the total costs. The median and interquartile range (IQR) of total costs (including direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs), reimbursement rate by medical insurance, and catastrophic health expenditures in every clinical stage were calculated. Results A total of 3,471 patients in different clinical stages were analyzed, including low-grade SIL (LSIL) (n=549), high-grade SIL (HSIL) (n=803), cervical cancer stage IA (n=226), IB (n=610), IIA (n=487), IIB (n=282), III (n=452) and IV (n=62). In urban areas, the estimated total costs of LSIL and HSIL were [Formula: see text]1,637.7 (IQR: [Formula: see text]956.4-[Formula: see text]2,669.2) and [Formula: see text]2,467.1 (IQR: [Formula: see text]1,579.1-[Formula: see text]3,762.3), while in rural areas the costs were [Formula: see text]459.0 (IQR: [Formula: see text]167.7-[Formula: see text]1,330.3) and [Formula: see text]1,230.5 (IQR: [Formula: see text]560.6-[Formula: see text]2,104.5), respectively. For patients with cervical cancer stage IA, IB, IIA, IIB, and III-IV, the total costs were [Formula: see text]15,034.9 (IQR: [Formula: see text]11,083.4-[Formula: see text]21,632.4), [Formula: see text]19,438.6 (IQR: [Formula: see text]14,060.0-[Formula: see text]26,505.9), [Formula: see text]22,968.8 (IQR: [Formula: see text]16,068.8-[Formula: see text]34,615.9), [Formula: see text]26,936.0 (IQR: [Formula: see text]18,176.6-[Formula: see text]41,386.0) and [Formula: see text]27,332.6 (IQR: [Formula: see text]17,538.7-[Formula: see text]44,897.0), respectively. Medical insurance covered 43%-55% of direct medical costs for cervical cancer patients, while the coverage for SIL patients was 19%-43%. For most cervical cancer patients, the expense was catastrophic, and the extent of catastrophic health expenditure was about twice large for rural patients than that for urban patients in each stage. Conclusions The economic burden of SIL and cervical cancer in China is substantial, with a significant proportion of the costs being avoidable for patients with LSIL. Even for those with medical insurance, catastrophic health expenditures are also a major concern for patients with cervical cancer, particularly for those living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xuelian Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shangying Hu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tingting You
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Changfa Xia
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Meng Gao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mingjie Dong
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Youlin Qiao
- Center for Global Health, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Fanghui Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Xie H, Zhu HY, Jiang NJ, Yin YN. Awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines, acceptance to vaccination and its influence factors among parents of adolescents 9 to 18 years of age in China: A cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 71:73-78. [PMID: 37028228 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination uptake rates for adolescents are still low in China despite safe and effective human papillomavirus vaccines being available. The awareness and attitudes of parents to HPV vaccines play a decisive role in adolescents' HPV vaccination uptake. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from March, 2022 to May, 2022 using an anonymous questionnaire among parents of 9 to 18 years of age from 73 cities in 23 provinces in mainland China. Demographic characteristics of parents, their knowledge and attitudes about HPV and HPV vaccination, as well as factors influencing HPV vaccination in adolescents were assessed. RESULTS More than two-thirds of parents heard of HPV (75.5%) and HPV vaccines (84.7%). Of these participants, mothers (83.8%) were in the majority. Parents willing to vaccinate themselves and their children against HPV were 84.9% and 87.6%, respectively. Parents were more likely to vaccinate their daughters against HPV than their sons (P < 0.001). Parents who had heard of the HPV vaccines (P = 0.028) or had vaccinated themselves (P < 0.001) were more likely to have HPV vaccination for their children. Parents who accepted the price of the HPV vaccines (P = 0.005) were more likely to have their children vaccinated against HPV. CONCLUSIONS Children's gender, awareness of the HPV vaccines, parental HPV vaccination, and the price of the HPV vaccines are likely to be the reason for parents' vaccine hesitancy for adolescents. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses have a critical role in identifying parental hesitancy and providing individualized education to expand the parental awareness and knowledge and encourage on-time adolescents vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han-Yue Zhu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ni-Jie Jiang
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yin
- Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Zhang LL, Lin S, Zhang Y, Yao DM, Du X. Serum Spondin-2 expression, tumor invasion, and antitumor immune response in patients with cervical cancer. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:13304-13312. [PMID: 36683629 PMCID: PMC9851009 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i36.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a gynecological malignancy common in middle-aged and older patients, with a high mortality rate. Spondin-2 is an extracellular matrix protein that involved in innate and acquired immune responses. Herein, we investigated the relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression, tumor invasion and infiltration, and immune response in patients with cervical cancer and provided a theoretical basis for clinical practice.
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression and cervical cancer-related indicators.
METHODS Overall, 147 patients with cervical cancer who were admitted to our institution between January 2019 and August 2019 were assigned to the cervical cancer group, and 92 patients with benign uterine lesions and 86 healthy individuals were assigned to the benign and control groups, respectively. In each group, serum Spondin-2 expression was measured, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was determined. Patients with cervical cancer were classified into high or low Spondin-2 groups depending on the Spondin-2 threshold value used for diagnosing cervical cancer. Patient’s clinical data were collected to compare the clinicopathologic characteristics, immune cytokine levels, and prognosis of patients with varying Spondin-2 expression levels.
RESULTS The expression level of serum Spondin-2 was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group than in the benign and control groups (P < 0.05). According to the ROC curve, the cutoff value of Spondin-2 used in the diagnosis of cervical carcinoma was 25.68 ± 7.11 μg/L. The proportion of patients with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III, nerve invasion, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis was higher in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05). Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-4 Levels were higher in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group. In contrast, IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were lower in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05). After 3 years of follow-up, progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly shorter in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The expression of serum Spondin-2 is upregulated in patients with cervical carcinoma and is related to tumor invasion and infiltration, antitumor immune response, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Women’s Health, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
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Liao Q, Zhang XF, Mi X, Jin F, Sun HM, Wang QX. Influence of group B streptococcus and vaginal cleanliness on the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:12578-12586. [PMID: 36579104 PMCID: PMC9791520 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i34.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vaginal microbiome plays a critical role in the health of pregnant women and their newborns. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect the vaginal microecosystem and are closely associated with vaginal diseases.
AIM To explore the effects of GBS status and vaginal cleanliness on vaginal microecosystems.
METHODS We collected 160 vaginal swabs from pregnant women and divided them into the following four groups based on GBS status and vaginal cleanliness: GBS-positive + vaginal cleanliness I–II degree, GBS-negative + vaginal cleanliness I–II degree, GBS-positive + vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree, and GBS-negative + vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree. Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.
RESULTS Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Shannon index did not significantly differ between the four groups. We identified significant variation in taxa abundance between the GBS-positive and GBS-negative groups and between the vaginal cleanliness I–II degree and III–IV degree groups. Principal coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis further confirmed the microbial diversity of the four groups. Moreover, the linear discriminant analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus jensenii and Actinobacteria were strongly associated with GBS-positive status, and Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillaceae, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillales, Bacilli and Firmicutes were closely correlated with GBS-negative status.
CONCLUSION GBS status and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect vaginal microbiome differences in pregnant women. Our findings provide instructional information for clinical antibiotic treatment in pregnant women with different GBS statuses and vaginal cleanliness degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xin Mi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Hong-Min Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Qing-Xuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shunyi Maternal and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
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Chen X, Liu Y, Liu H, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Unraveling diverse roles of noncoding RNAs in various human papillomavirus negative cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108188. [PMID: 35421419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative tumors distinguish from cancers associated with HPV infection. Due to its high rate of lymph node metastasis and difficulty in inchoate discover and diagnosis, the treatment efficacy of HPV-negative cancers is unsatisfactory. Epidemiological evidence suggests that HPV-negative tumor patients have a poor prognosis, and the mortality is higher than that of cancer patients caused by HPV infection. Evidence has demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulation of physiological and developmental processes. Therefore, dysregulated ncRNAs are involved in the occurrence of diversified diseases, including cancer. In cumulative studies, ncRNAs are concerned with pathogenetic mechanisms of HPV-negative tumors via regulating gene expression and signal transduction. It is important to decipher the functions of ncRNAs in HPV-negative cancers and identify the potential biomarkers, which will bring new treatment strategies for improving outcome of cancer therapy. In this review, we demonstrated the effects of ncRNAs via regulating the development and progression of HPV- negative tumors by directly or indirectly acting on target molecules, which provide a basis for future tumor targeted therapy by targeting ncRNAs for HPV-negative cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hejing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Department of Research and Development, Beijing Zhongwei Research Center of Biological and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100161, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Xiao L, Huang H, Fan S, Zheng B, Wu J, Zhang J, Pi J, Xu JF. Ferroptosis: A mixed blessing for infectious diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:992734. [PMID: 36160441 PMCID: PMC9490125 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.992734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, it has been confirmed that the occurrence and development of infectious diseases are tightly associated with regulatory cell death processes, such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Ferroptosis, as a newly discovered form of regulatory cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is not only closely associated with tumor progression, but is also found to be tightly related to the regulation of infectious diseases, such as Tuberculosis, Cryptococcal meningitis, Malaria and COVID-2019. The emerging critical roles of ferroptosis that has been found in infectious disease highlight ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target in this field, which is therefore widely expected to be developed into new therapy strategy against infectious diseases. Here, we summarized the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis and highlighted the intersections between host immunity and ferroptosis. Moreover, we illuminated the roles of ferroptosis in the occurrence and progression of different infectious diseases, which might provide some unique inspiration and thought-provoking perspectives for the future research of these infectious diseases, especially for the development of ferroptosis-based therapy strategy against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Huanshao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Biying Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Junai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Pi, ; Jun-Fa Xu,
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Pi, ; Jun-Fa Xu,
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