1
|
Homer B, Barekatain R, Petrovski KR, Plush KJ, Dwan C, D’Souza DN, Verma PJ, Kirkwood RN, Tucker BS. Preweaning Purified Fucoidan Drench: Effects on Growth, Immune Response, and Intestinal Morphology in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1472. [PMID: 38791689 PMCID: PMC11117201 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Weaning stress imposes considerable physiological challenges on piglets, often manifesting in intestinal disturbances, such as inflammation and compromised barrier function, ultimately affecting growth and health outcomes. While conventional interventions, including antimicrobials, have effectively mitigated these sequelae, concerns surrounding antimicrobial resistance necessitate the exploration of alternatives. Fucoidan, derived from brown seaweed, offers promise due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous research has been limited to the in-feed supplementation of partially purified fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed. The focus of the present study is assessing the effect of a preweaning drench with highly purified (85%) fucoidan on piglet growth, immune response, and intestinal morphology post-weaning. Forty-eight male piglets at 17 ± 3 days of age (5.67 ± 0.16 kg) were assigned to a saline (control), fucoidan, or antimicrobial group, receiving treatment as a single 18 mL oral drench three days before weaning. Monitoring for seven days post-weaning included body weight measurements, blood sample collection for the inflammatory protein assay, and small intestine morphological analysis. The findings revealed that the preweaning fucoidan drench did not elicit adverse effects on piglets. However, neither fucoidan nor antimicrobial drenches significantly enhanced growth parameters, immune markers, or intestinal morphology compared to that of the control-treated piglets (p > 0.05). The lack of response may be attributed to the high health status of the experimental cohort and the limitation of a single dosage. Future research should consider a more challenging production setting to evaluate the viability and optimal application of fucoidan as an antimicrobial alternative in the pig industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Homer
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Reza Barekatain
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- College of Engineering and Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Kiro R. Petrovski
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | | | - Corinna Dwan
- Marinova Pty Ltd., 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, TAS 7170, Australia
| | | | - Paul J. Verma
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- College of Engineering and Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Roy N. Kirkwood
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Bryony S. Tucker
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- College of Engineering and Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang M, Mo R, Li M, Qu Y, Wang H, Liu T, Liu P, Wu Y. Comparison of the Effects of Enzymolysis Seaweed Powder and Saccharomyces boulardii on Intestinal Health and Microbiota Composition in Kittens. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050637. [PMID: 37233678 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kittens are prone to intestinal health problems as their intestines are not completely developed. Seaweed is rich in plant polysaccharides and bioactive substances that are highly beneficial to gut health. However, the effects of seaweed on cat gut health have not been assessed. This study compared the effects of dietary supplementation with enzymolysis seaweed powder and Saccharomyces boulardii on the intestinal health of kittens. In total, 30 Ragdoll kittens (age: 6 months; weight: 1.50 ± 0.29 kg) were assigned to three treatment groups for a 4-week feeding trial. The dietary treatment given was as follows: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) CON + enzymolysis seaweed powder (20 g/kg of feed) mixed evenly with the diet (SE); and (3) CON + Saccharomyces boulardii (2 × 1010 CFU/kg of feed) mixed evenly with the diet (SB). Compared with the CON and SB groups, dietary supplementation with the enzymolysis seaweed powder improved the immune and antioxidant capacity and also reduced the intestinal permeability and inflammation levels of kittens. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Faecalibacterium in the SE group was higher than those in the CON and SB groups (p ≤ 0.05), while the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Sutterellaceae, and Erysipelatoclostridium in the SB group was lower than that in the SE group (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, enzymolysis seaweed powder did not alter the level of intestinal SCFAs in kittens. Conclusively, supplementing kitten diet with enzymolysis seaweed powder can promote intestinal health by enhancing the gut barrier function and optimizing the microbiota composition. Our findings provide new perspectives on the application of enzymolysis seaweed powder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruixia Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingtan Li
- Shidai Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264319, China
| | - Yuankai Qu
- Shidai Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264319, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vodouhè M, Marois J, Guay V, Leblanc N, Weisnagel SJ, Bilodeau JF, Jacques H. Marginal Impact of Brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extract on Metabolic and Inflammatory Response in Overweight and Obese Prediabetic Subjects. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:174. [PMID: 35323474 PMCID: PMC8951415 DOI: 10.3390/md20030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to test whether a brown seaweed extract rich in polyphenols combined with a low-calorie diet would induce additional weight loss and improve blood glucose homeostasis in association with a metabolic and inflammatory response in overweight/obese prediabetic subjects. Fifty-six overweight/obese, dysglycemic, and insulin-resistant men and women completed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel clinical trial. Subjects were administrated 500 mg/d of either brown seaweed extract or placebo combined with individualized nutritional advice for moderate weight loss over a period of 12 weeks. Glycemic, anthropometric, blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, lipid profile, gut integrity, and oxidative and inflammatory markers were measured before and at the end of the trial. No effect was observed on blood glucose. We observed significant but small decreases in plasma C-peptide at 120 min during 2 h-OGTT (3218 ± 181 at pre-intervention vs. 2865 ± 186 pmol/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 3004 ± 199 at pre-intervention vs. 2954 ± 179 pmol/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.002), heart rate (72 ± 10 at pre-intervention vs. 69 ± 9 (n/min) at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 68 ± 9 at pre-intervention vs. 68 ± 8 (n/min) at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.01), and an inhibition in the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.3 ± 0.7 at pre-intervention vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 pg/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 1.4 ± 1.1 at pre-intervention vs. 2.2 ± 1.6 pg/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.02) following brown seaweed consumption compared with placebo in the context of moderate weight loss. Although consumption of brown seaweed extract had no effect on body weight or blood glucose, an early attenuation of the inflammatory response was observed in association with marginal changes in metabolic parameters related to the prevention of diabetes type 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Vodouhè
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Julie Marois
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Valérie Guay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Hélène Jacques
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Unravelling the Phytochemical Composition and the Pharmacological Properties of an Optimized Extract from the Fruit from Prunus mahaleb L.: From Traditional Liqueur Market to the Pharmacy Shelf. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154422. [PMID: 34361576 PMCID: PMC8347645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunus mahaleb L. fruit has long been used in the production of traditional liqueurs. The fruit also displayed scavenging and reducing activity, in vitro. The present study focused on unravelling peripheral and central protective effects, antimicrobial but also anti-COVID-19 properties exerted by the water extract of P. mahaleb. Anti-inflammatory effects were studied in isolated mouse colons exposed to lipopolysaccharide. Neuroprotection, measured as a blunting effect on hydrogen-peroxide-induced dopamine turnover, was investigated in hypothalamic HypoE22 cells. Antimicrobial effects were tested against different Gram+ and Gram- bacterial strains. Whereas anti-COVID-19 activity was studied in lung adenocarcinoma H1299 cells, where the gene expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was measured after extract treatment. The bacteriostatic effects induced on Gram+ and Gram- strains, together with the inhibition of COX-2, TNFα, HIF1α, and VEGFA in the colon, suggest the potential of P. mahaleb water extract in contrasting the clinical symptoms related to ulcerative colitis. The inhibition of the hydrogen peroxide-induced DOPAC/DA ratio indicates promising neuroprotective effects. Finally, the downregulation of the gene expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in H1299 cells, suggests the potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 virus entry in the human host. Overall, the results support the valorization of the local cultivation of P. mahaleb.
Collapse
|
5
|
Catarino MD, Silva A, Cruz MT, Mateus N, Silva AM, Cardoso SM. Phlorotannins from Fucus vesiculosus: Modulation of Inflammatory Response by Blocking NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6897. [PMID: 32962250 PMCID: PMC7554702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their large spectrum of bioactive properties, much attention has recently been drawn to phlorotannins-i.e., phenolic compounds characteristic from brown macroalgae. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of F. vesiculosus phlorotannin extracts and purified fractions. Overall, the crude extract and its ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc) showed good radical scavenging activity, particularly towards nitric oxide (NO•). Subsequent subfractions of EtOAc (F1 to F9) with different molecular weights were then shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced NO• production in macrophages, with stronger effects being observed for fractions of lower MWs. Of the three intracellular markers analyzed, inducible NO• synthase showed the highest sensitivity to almost all the phlorotannin-rich samples, followed by interleukin 1β and cyclooxygenase 2, which was only inhibited by F2. Furthermore, this subfraction inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory protein κBα, thus preventing the activation of NF-κB and blocking the inflammatory cascade at the transcriptional level. This sample was characterized by the presence of a major compound with a deprotonated molecular ion at m/z 507 with a fragmentation pattern coherent with that of a phlorotannin derivative. Overall, this work unveiled some of the mechanistic aspects behind the anti-inflammatory capacity of phlorotannins from F. vesiculosus, endorsing its use as a possible natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. Catarino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Ana Silva
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Maria T. Cruz
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Artur M.S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li B, Schroyen M, Leblois J, Wavreille J, Soyeurt H, Bindelle J, Everaert N. Effects of inulin supplementation to piglets in the suckling period on growth performance, postileal microbial and immunological traits in the suckling period and three weeks after weaning. Arch Anim Nutr 2018; 72:425-442. [PMID: 30160174 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2018.1508975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inulin (IN) supplementation to suckling piglets at and 3 weeks post-weaning. A total of 72 newborn piglets were used. Twenty-four piglets per group received different amounts of IN during the suckling period: (a) CON: no IN; (b) IN-0.5: 0.5 g IN/d on the 1st week, 1 g IN/d on the 2nd week, 1.5 g IN/d on the 3rd week and 2 g IN/d on the 4th week, or (c) IN-0.75: 0.75 g IN/d on the 1st week, 1.5 g IN/d on the 2nd week, 2.25 g IN/d on the 3rd week and 3 g IN/d on the 4th week. Starting at 28 d of age, piglets were weaned and received a post-weaning diet without inulin during the following 3 weeks. At both 28 d and 49 d of age, piglets were euthanised for sampling. Piglets of group IN-0.5 had the highest body weight starting from the 3rd week (p < 0.05), concomitant with the highest villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum on both sampling days (p < 0.05). At 28 d of age, an increased concentration of propionate, iso-butyrate or total short chain fatty acids was observed between treatment IN-0.5 and the other groups in the caecum or colon (p < 0.05). Moreover, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli (p = 0.05) and Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.01) in colonic digesta were reduced in IN-0.5-treated piglets, and in both IN-supplemented groups, colonic interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and toll-like receptor-4 mRNA abundance were decreased compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). However, at 49 d of age, most of these differences disappeared. In conclusion, treatment IN-0.5 improved during the suckling period of piglets development of intestine, but these beneficial effects were not lasting after weaning, when IN supplementation was terminated. Treatment IN-0.75, however, did not display a prebiotic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Julie Leblois
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium.,b Research Foundation for Industry and Agriculture , Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS , Brussels , Belgium
| | - José Wavreille
- c Department of Production and Sectors , Walloon Agricultural Research Centre , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Hélène Soyeurt
- d Laboratory of statistics, informatics and modelling applied to bioengineering, agrobiochem department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- a Precision livestock and nutrition unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Teaching and Research Centre , University of Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Catarino MD, Silva AMS, Cardoso SM. Phycochemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Fucus spp. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E249. [PMID: 30060505 PMCID: PMC6117670 DOI: 10.3390/md16080249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are known to be a good supply of key nutrients including carbohydrates, protein, minerals, polyunsaturated lipids, as well as several other health-promoting compounds capable of acting on a wide spectrum of disorders and/or diseases. While these marine macroalgae are deeply rooted in the East Asian culture and dietary habits, their major application in Western countries has been in the phycocolloid industry. This scenario has however been gradually changing, since seaweed consumption is becoming more common worldwide. Among the numerous edible seaweeds, members of the genus Fucus have a high nutritional value and are considered good sources of dietary fibers and minerals, especially iodine. Additionally, their wealth of bioactive compounds such as fucoidan, phlorotannins, fucoxanthin and others make them strong candidates for multiple therapeutic applications (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-obesity, anti-coagulant, anti-diabetes and others). This review presents an overview of the nutritional and phytochemical composition of Fucus spp., and their claimed biological activities, as well as the beneficial effects associated to their consumption. Furthermore, the use of Fucus seaweeds and/or their components as functional ingredients for formulation of novel and enhanced foods is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D Catarino
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Susana M Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sweeney T, Meredith H, Vigors S, McDonnell MJ, Ryan M, Thornton K, O’Doherty JV. Extracts of laminarin and laminarin/fucoidan from the marine macroalgal species Laminaria digitata improved growth rate and intestinal structure in young chicks, but does not influence Campylobacter jejuni colonisation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Catarino MD, Silva AMS, Cardoso SM. Fucaceae: A Source of Bioactive Phlorotannins. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1327. [PMID: 28635652 PMCID: PMC5486148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucaceae is the most dominant algae family along the intertidal areas of the Northern Hemisphere shorelines, being part of human customs for centuries with applications as a food source either for humans or animals, in agriculture and as remedies in folk medicine. These macroalgae are endowed with several phytochemicals of great industrial interest from which phlorotannins, a class of marine-exclusive polyphenols, have gathered much attention during the last few years due to their numerous possible therapeutic properties. These compounds are very abundant in brown seaweeds such as Fucaceae and have been demonstrated to possess numerous health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects through scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or enhancement of intracellular antioxidant defenses, antidiabetic properties through their acarbose-like activity, stimulation of adipocytes glucose uptake and protection of β-pancreatic cells against high-glucose oxidative stress; anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of several pro-inflammatory mediators; antitumor properties by activation of apoptosis on cancerous cells and metastasis inhibition, among others. These multiple health properties render phlorotannins great potential for application in numerous therapeutical approaches. This review addresses the major contribution of phlototannins for the biological effects that have been described for seaweeds from Fucaceae. In addition, the bioavailability of this group of phenolic compounds is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D Catarino
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Susana M Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Food Stuffs Research Unit (QOPNA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
O'Doherty JV, Bouwhuis MA, Sweeney T. Novel marine polysaccharides and maternal nutrition to stimulate gut health and performance in post-weaned pigs. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an17272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Post-weaning complications in piglets are characterised by a reduction in feed intake and growth, atrophy of small-intestine architecture, upregulation of intestinal inflammatory cytokines, alterations in gastrointestinal microflora, diarrhoea and heightened susceptibility to infection. Traditional measures to reduce weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction have centred on dietary inclusion of antibiotic growth promoters in weaning pig diets, or high concentrations of dietary minerals in the form of zinc oxide. However, these strategies are under scrutiny because of their role in promoting multi-drug resistant bacteria and the accumulation of minerals in the environment. Up to recently, the main focus on finding alternatives to in-feed antibiotic growth promoters has been on dietary manipulations post-weaning, through the use of feed additives in the post-weaning diet. However, there are also other strategies that could enhance the growth and health of the newly weaned pig. One of these strategies is the use of maternal nutrition to improve growth and health in her offspring. The development of the immune system begins in utero and is further developed after the colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract with microbiota during birth and post-natal life. The early establishment of this relationship is fundamental to the development and long-term maintenance of gut homeostasis. There are significant efforts being made to identify natural alternatives to support the development of the piglet gastrointestinal tract, in particular during the weaning period. Chemodiversity in nature, including microorganisms, terrestrial plants, seaweeds and marine organisms, offers a valuable source of novel bioactives. This review will discuss the development of the intestinal tract in the pig during gestation, lactation and post-weaning periods and the factors that influence intestinal health post-weaning. It will also discuss how feeding marine bioactives in both the maternal diet and the piglet diet can be used to alleviate the negative effects associated with weaning.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bahar B, O'Doherty JV, Smyth TJ, Sweeney T. A comparison of the effects of an Ascophyllum nodosum ethanol extract and its molecular weight fractions on the inflammatory immune gene expression in-vitro and ex-vivo. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
12
|
Bahar B, O’Doherty JV, Smyth TJ, Ahmed AM, Sweeney T. A cold water extract of Fucus vesiculosus inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced pro-inflammatory responses in the porcine colon ex-vivo model. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
13
|
Sweeney T, O'Doherty JV. Marine macroalgal extracts to maintain gut homeostasis in the weaning piglet. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2016; 56 Suppl:S84-9. [PMID: 27345326 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a dynamic environment, where a symbiotic relationship exists between the resident microbiota and the digestive and immune systems of the host. The development of the immune system begins in-utero and is further developed after the colonization of the GIT with microbiota during birth and postnatal life. The early establishment of this relationship is fundamental to the development and long-term maintenance of gut homeostasis. Regulatory mechanisms ensure an appropriate level of immune reactivity in the gut to accommodate the presence of beneficial and dietary microorganisms, whereas allowing effective immune responses to clear pathogens. However, unfavorable alterations in the composition of the microbiota, known as dysbiosis, have been implicated in many conditions including post-weaning diarrhea in pigs. Weaning is a major critical period in pig husbandry. It involves complex dietary, social, and environmental stresses that interfere with gut development. Post-weaning complications in piglets are characterized by a reduction in-feed intake and growth, atrophy of small intestine architecture, upregulation of intestinal inflammatory cytokines, alterations in GIT microflora, diarrhea, and heightened susceptibility to infection. These challenges have been controlled with in-feed prophylactic antibiotics and dietary minerals. However, these strategies are under scrutiny because of their role in promoting multidrug resistant bacteria and the accumulation of minerals in the environment, respectively. Therefore, significant efforts are being made to identify natural alternatives to support homeostasis in the piglet GIT, in particular during the weaning period. Chemodiversity in nature; including microorganisms, terrestrial plants, seaweeds, and marine organisms, offers a valuable source for novel bioactives. In this review, we discuss the advances in our understanding of the immune mechanisms by which the dynamic interplay of the intestinal microbiota and its host normally favors a homeostatic, symbiotic relationship, and how feeding macroalgal bioactives in both the maternal diet and the piglet diet, can be used to support this symbiotic relationship in times of challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireleand.
| | - J V O'Doherty
- School of Agriculture, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireleand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bortoluzzi C, Menten J, Silveira H, Melo A, Rostagno M. Hops β-acids (Humulus lupulus) decrease intestinal gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in an ex-vivo model. J APPL POULTRY RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
15
|
Menghini L, Ferrante C, Leporini L, Recinella L, Chiavaroli A, Leone S, Pintore G, Vacca M, Orlando G, Brunetti L. An Hydroalcoholic Chamomile Extract Modulates Inflammatory and Immune Response in HT29 Cells and Isolated Rat Colon. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1513-8. [PMID: 27237110 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic disorders characterized by disruption and ulceration of the colonic mucosa or of any part of the digestive tract (Crohn's disease). Antioxidant/anti-inflammatory herbal extract supplementation could represent an innovative approach to contrast IBDs. Clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of natural formulas, containing chamomile, in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. This is consistent, albeit in part, with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of chamomile. The aim of the present study was to explore the possible protective role of a chamomile extract, on human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 cell, and rat colon specimens treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory stimulus, a well established model of acute ulcerative colitis. In this context, the activities of different biomarkers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation such as ROS, myeloperoxidase (MPO), serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandin (PG)E2 , 8-iso-prostaglandin (8-iso-PG)F2α , NF-kB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed. We found that chamomile extract was as effective as sulfasalazine (2 mg/ml) in reducing the production of MPO, 5-HT, IL-6, NF-kB, TNFα, PGE2 and 8-iso-PGF2α , after inflammatory stimulus. The observed modulatory effects support a rationale use of chamomile supplementation as a promising pharmacological tool for the prevention and management of ulcerative colitis in humans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Menghini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lidia Leporini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sheila Leone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pintore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Michele Vacca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
O'Shea CJ, O'Doherty JV, Callanan JJ, Doyle D, Thornton K, Sweeney T. The effect of algal polysaccharides laminarin and fucoidan on colonic pathology, cytokine gene expression and Enterobacteriaceae in a dextran sodium sulfate-challenged porcine model. J Nutr Sci 2016; 5:e15. [PMID: 27110358 PMCID: PMC4831127 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The algal polysaccharides laminarin (LAM) and fucoidan (FUC) have potent anti-inflammatory activities in the gastrointestinal tract. Our objective was to examine the impact of prior consumption of LAM and/or FUC on pathology and inflammation following a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) challenge in pigs. Pigs (n 7/group) were assigned to one of five experimental groups for 56 d. From 49-55 d, distilled water or DSS was administered intragastrically. The experimental groups were: (1) basal diet + distilled water (control); (2) basal diet + DSS (DSS); (3) basal diet + FUC + DSS (FUC + DSS); (4) basal diet + LAM + DSS (LAM + DSS); and (5) basal diet + LAM + FUC + DSS (LAMFUC + DSS). The DSS group had decreased body-weight gain (P < 0·05) and serum xylose (P < 0·05), and increased proximal colon pathology score (P < 0·05), diarrhoeal score (P < 0·001) and colonic Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0·05) relative to the control group. The FUC + DSS (P < 0·01), LAM + DSS (P < 0·05) and LAMFUC + DSS (P < 0·05) groups had improved diarrhoeal score, and the LAMFUC + DSS (P < 0·05) group had improved body weight relative to the DSS group. The FUC + DSS group (P < 0·001), LAM + DSS group (P < 0·05) and LAMFUC + DSS group (P < 0·001) had lower IL-6 mRNA abundance relative to the DSS group. The LAM + DSS group had reduced Enterobacteriaceae in proximal colon digesta relative to the DSS group (P < 0·05). In conclusion, FUC or a combination of FUC and LAM improved body-weight loss, diarrhoeal scores and clinical variables associated with a DSS challenge in pigs, in tandem with a reduction in colonic IL-6 mRNA abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. J. O'Shea
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - J. V. O'Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - J. J. Callanan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - D. Doyle
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - K. Thornton
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - T. Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tamanai-Shacoori Z, Chandad F, Rébillard A, Cillard J, Bonnaure-Mallet M. Silver-zeolite combined to polyphenol-rich extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum: potential active role in prevention of periodontal diseases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105475. [PMID: 25272151 PMCID: PMC4182675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate various biological effects of silver-zeolite and a polyphenol-rich extract of A. nodosum (ASCOP) to prevent and/or treat biofilm-related oral diseases. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus gordonii contribute to the biofilm formation associated with chronic periodontitis. In this study, we evaluated in vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of silver-zeolite (Ag-zeolite) combined to ASCOP on P. gingivalis and S. gordonii growth and biofilm formation capacity. We also studied the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of ASCOP in cell culture models. While Ag-zeolite combined with ASCOP was ineffective against the growth of S. gordonii, it showed a strong bactericidal effect on P. gingivalis growth. Ag-zeolite combined with ASCOP was able to completely inhibit S. gordonii monospecies biofilm formation as well as to reduce the formation of a bi-species S. gordonii/P. gingivalis biofilm. ASCOP alone was ineffective towards the growth and/or biofilm formation of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis while it significantly reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6) by LPS-stimulated human like-macrophages. It also exhibited antioxidant properties and decreased LPS induced lipid peroxidation in gingival epithelial cells. These findings support promising use of these products in future preventive or therapeutic strategies against periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatiha Chandad
- Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Buccale, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Amélie Rébillard
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, EA 1274, Université Rennes 1, Université Rennes 2, UEB, Rennes, France
| | - Josiane Cillard
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, EA 1274, Université Rennes 1, Université Rennes 2, UEB, Rennes, France
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- Equipe de Microbiologie, EA 1254, Université Rennes 1, UEB, Rennes, France
- Centre hospitalo-universitaire, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maghin F. Biological Functions and Health Promoting Effects of Brown Seaweeds in Swine Nutrition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2014.01.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|