2
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Shi G, Luan L, Zhu G, Zeng Z, Zheng J, Shi Y, Sun B, Jiang Y. Interaction between nematodes and bacteria enhances soil carbon sequestration under organic material amendments. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1155088. [PMID: 37250034 PMCID: PMC10213412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of carbon (C) sequestration plays an important role in soil fertility and productivity, yet most studies have focused on the individual role of the bacterial community. However, an in-depth mechanistic understanding of how soil nematodes interact with the bacterial community to regulate soil C accumulation is still lacking. We conducted a 10-year field experiment to explore the nematode and bacterial communities and determine the influence of nematode-bacteria interactions on C mineralization, microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2), and carbon use efficiency (CUE) under the organic material amendments, including chemical fertilizers with straw (NS), chemical fertilizers with straw and pig manure (NSM), and chemical fertilizer with straw biochar (NB). Here, our results showed the abundance of bacterial and nematode communities was significantly higher under NS, NSM, and NB treatments than under chemical fertilizers (N) treatment, with the highest abundance under the NSM treatment. The enrichment index and functional dispersion index were significantly higher under NSM treatment than under N, NS, and NB treatments, while the channel index followed the opposite pattern. Structural equation modeling indicated that the potential predation pressure induced by nematodes may improve bacterial abundance, with positive cascading effects on C sequestration. Collectively, our study highlights the functional importance of nematode-microorganism interactions in mediating C dynamics under organic material amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
| | - Guofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
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3
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Zhao Y, Yuan Z, Wang S, Wang H, Chao Y, Sederoff RR, Sederoff H, Yan H, Pan J, Peng M, Wu D, Borriss R, Niu B. Gene sdaB Is Involved in the Nematocidal Activity of Enterobacter ludwigii AA4 Against the Pine Wood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:870519. [PMID: 35602027 PMCID: PMC9121001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.870519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a plant parasitic nematode, is the causal agent of pine wilt, a devastating forest tree disease. Essentially, no efficient methods for controlling B. xylophilus and pine wilt disease have yet been developed. Enterobacter ludwigii AA4, isolated from the root of maize, has powerful nematocidal activity against B. xylophilus in a new in vitro dye exclusion test. The corrected mortality of the B. xylophilus treated by E. ludwigii AA4 or its cell extract reached 98.3 and 98.6%, respectively. Morphological changes in B. xylophilus treated with a cell extract from strain AA4 suggested that the death of B. xylophilus might be caused by an increased number of vacuoles in non-apoptotic cell death and the damage to tissues of the nematodes. In a greenhouse test, the disease index of the seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) treated with the cells of strain AA4 plus B. xylophilus or those treated by AA4 cell extract plus B. xylophilus was 38.2 and 30.3, respectively, was significantly lower than 92.5 in the control plants treated with distilled water and B. xylophilus. We created a sdaB gene knockout in strain AA4 by deleting the gene that was putatively encoding the beta-subunit of L-serine dehydratase through Red homologous recombination. The nematocidal and disease-suppressing activities of the knockout strain were remarkably impaired. Finally, we revealed a robust colonization of P. sylvestris seedling needles by E. ludwigii AA4, which is supposed to contribute to the disease-controlling efficacy of strain AA4. Therefore, E. ludwigii AA4 has significant potential to serve as an agent for the biological control of pine wilt disease caused by B. xylophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Administrative Office of the Summer Palace, Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Chao
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health (CMDH), Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronald R. Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - He Yan
- Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Jialiang Pan
- Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Mu Peng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Nord Reet UG, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rainer Borriss,
| | - Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Ben Niu,
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5
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Dietrich P, Cesarz S, Liu T, Roscher C, Eisenhauer N. Effects of plant species diversity on nematode community composition and diversity in a long-term biodiversity experiment. Oecologia 2021; 197:297-311. [PMID: 34091787 PMCID: PMC8505370 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Diversity loss has been shown to change the soil community; however, little is known about long-term consequences and underlying mechanisms. Here, we investigated how nematode communities are affected by plant species richness and whether this is driven by resource quantity or quality in 15-year-old plant communities of a long-term grassland biodiversity experiment. We extracted nematodes from 93 experimental plots differing in plant species richness, and measured above- and belowground plant biomass production and soil organic carbon concentrations (Corg) as proxies for resource quantity, as well as C/Nleaf ratio and specific root length (SRL) as proxies for resource quality. We found that nematode community composition and diversity significantly differed among plant species richness levels. This was mostly due to positive plant diversity effects on the abundance and genus richness of bacterial-feeding, omnivorous, and predatory nematodes, which benefited from higher shoot mass and soil Corg in species-rich plant communities, suggesting control via resource quantity. In contrast, plant-feeding nematodes were negatively influenced by shoot mass, probably due to higher top–down control by predators, and were positively related to SRL and C/Nleaf, indicating control via resource quality. The decrease of the grazing pressure ratio (plant feeders per root mass) with plant species richness indicated a higher accumulation of plant-feeding nematodes in species-poor plant communities. Our results, therefore, support the hypothesis that soil-borne pathogens accumulate in low-diversity communities over time, while soil mutualists (bacterial-feeding, omnivorous, predatory nematodes) increase in abundance and richness in high-diversity plant communities, which may contribute to the widely-observed positive plant diversity–productivity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Dietrich
- Department of Physiological Diversity, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoser Straße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. .,German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Experimental Interaction Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Christiane Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoser Straße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Experimental Interaction Ecology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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6
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van den Hoogen J, Geisen S, Wall DH, Wardle DA, Traunspurger W, de Goede RGM, Adams BJ, Ahmad W, Ferris H, Bardgett RD, Bonkowski M, Campos-Herrera R, Cares JE, Caruso T, de Brito Caixeta L, Chen X, Costa SR, Creamer R, da Cunha E Castro JM, Dam M, Djigal D, Escuer M, Griffiths BS, Gutiérrez C, Hohberg K, Kalinkina D, Kardol P, Kergunteuil A, Korthals G, Krashevska V, Kudrin AA, Li Q, Liang W, Magilton M, Marais M, Martín JAR, Matveeva E, Mayad EH, Mzough E, Mulder C, Mullin P, Neilson R, Nguyen TAD, Nielsen UN, Okada H, Rius JEP, Pan K, Peneva V, Pellissier L, da Silva JCP, Pitteloud C, Powers TO, Powers K, Quist CW, Rasmann S, Moreno SS, Scheu S, Setälä H, Sushchuk A, Tiunov AV, Trap J, Vestergård M, Villenave C, Waeyenberge L, Wilschut RA, Wright DG, Keith AM, Yang JI, Schmidt O, Bouharroud R, Ferji Z, van der Putten WH, Routh D, Crowther TW. A global database of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition. Sci Data 2020; 7:103. [PMID: 32218461 PMCID: PMC7099023 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0437-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant animals on earth, nematodes are a dominant component of the soil community. They play critical roles in regulating biogeochemical cycles and vegetation dynamics within and across landscapes and are an indicator of soil biological activity. Here, we present a comprehensive global dataset of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition. This dataset includes 6,825 georeferenced soil samples from all continents and biomes. For geospatial mapping purposes these samples are aggregated into 1,933 unique 1-km pixels, each of which is linked to 73 global environmental covariate data layers. Altogether, this dataset can help to gain insight into the spatial distribution patterns of soil nematode abundance and community composition, and the environmental drivers shaping these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan van den Hoogen
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Diana H Wall
- Department of Biology and School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - David A Wardle
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ron G M de Goede
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Byron J Adams
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories, Monte L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Nematode Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Howard Ferris
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Richard D Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Bonkowski
- Institute of Zoology, Terrestrial Ecology, University of Cologne and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
| | - Raquel Campos-Herrera
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Juvenil E Cares
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Tancredi Caruso
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Larissa de Brito Caixeta
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Soil Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sofia R Costa
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rachel Creamer
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - José Mauro da Cunha E Castro
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semiárido, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Marie Dam
- Zealand Institute of Business and Technology, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Djibril Djigal
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles/CDH, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | | | | | - Karin Hohberg
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Daria Kalinkina
- Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alan Kergunteuil
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Korthals
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Valentyna Krashevska
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexey A Kudrin
- Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Qi Li
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenju Liang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Matthew Magilton
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mariette Marais
- Nematology Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Plant Health and Protection, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Elizaveta Matveeva
- Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - El Hassan Mayad
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Science Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - E Mzough
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Science Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Christian Mulder
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Peter Mullin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Roy Neilson
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - T A Duong Nguyen
- Institute of Zoology, Terrestrial Ecology, University of Cologne and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Uffe N Nielsen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hiroaki Okada
- Nematode Management Group, Division of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Central Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Kaiwen Pan
- Ecological Processes and Biodiversity, Center for Ecological Studies, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Vlada Peneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Camille Pitteloud
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas O Powers
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Kirsten Powers
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Casper W Quist
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sara Sánchez Moreno
- Plant Protection Products Unit, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heikki Setälä
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
| | - Anna Sushchuk
- Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Alexei V Tiunov
- A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jean Trap
- Eco&Sols, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Mette Vestergård
- Department of Agroecology, AU-Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Cecile Villenave
- Eco&Sols, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- ELISOL Environnement, Congénies, France
| | - Lieven Waeyenberge
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Rutger A Wilschut
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel G Wright
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Aidan M Keith
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jiue-In Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Olaf Schmidt
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R Bouharroud
- Research Unit of Integrated Crop Production, Centre Regional de la Recherche Agronomique d'Agadir, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Z Ferji
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Campus d'Agadir, Département de Protection des Plantes, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Devin Routh
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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