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Kennedy J, Ólafsdóttir AH, Aradóttir SE, Egilsdóttir S, Pampoulie C. Biological information on a rare pelagic fish, black ruff Centrolophus niger, caught in Icelandic waters: Distribution, feeding, and otoliths. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:598-610. [PMID: 37940609 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Black ruff (Centrolophus niger) is a rare and poorly studied species found in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and also in the Mediterranean Sea. It is sporadically caught south of Iceland during the annual International Ecosystem Summer Survey of the Nordic Seas. In total, 43 specimens were caught from 2009 to 2021, of which 41 specimens were caught during 2017-2021. All specimens, except one, were caught using a pelagic trawl (cod-end mesh-size: 50 mm) close to the surface (trawl depth: 0-35 m) with in situ temperature ranging from 9 to 13°C. The area south of Iceland is characterized by having warmer temperatures than other areas around the island, which might be indicative of a northern limit for the distribution of black ruff. The fish were primarily in the range of 29-46 cm with a few larger individuals up to 71 cm. Fourteen fish, caught in 2017 and 2021, were dissected to gather biological information on this species. These fish were all juveniles with no obvious sign of gonad development. Correlations between total length, fork length, and standard length are presented. Otoliths were thin and delicate with a length of ~13-16 mm, and otolith size (length, width, and area) was correlated with fish size. Much of the stomach content was at an advanced stage of digestion, but some contents could be identified and consisted of invertebrates, primarily of the orders Amphipoda and Calanoida with some unidentified fish also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Kennedy
- Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Ísafjörður, Iceland
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Discovery of Pelagic Eggs of Two Species from the Rare Mesopelagic Fish Genus Trachipterus (Lampriformes: Trachipteridae). JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ecology of the mesopelagic fish genus Trachipterus, which is rarely found in oceans, remains unclear. In this study, we found 22 eggs of T. trachypterus and T. jacksonensis around the Ulleung Basin of the East/Japan Sea during ichthyoplankton surveys from 2019 to 2021. The eggs were identified through genetic relationships with the genus Trachipterus based on partial sequences (COI and 16S) or concatenated sequences of 13 protein-coding genes and 2 rRNA genes of mitochondrial DNA. T. trachypterus eggs were discovered in all seasons, but more frequently during the winter. One T. jacksonensis egg that appeared during the autumn was the first in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Identifying Trachipterus pelagic eggs would provide insight into their spawning ecology and biogeography.
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Essekhyr H, Khalil K, Damsiri Z, Derhy G, Elkalay K. Trophic interactions in the coastal ecosystem of Morocco: An Ecopath approach. COMMUNITY ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/168.2019.20.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Essekhyr
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences for the Environment and Sustainable Development, School of Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Essaouira Al Jadida, Route d'Agadir, BP 383, Essaouira, Morocco
| | - K. Khalil
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences for the Environment and Sustainable Development, School of Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Essaouira Al Jadida, Route d'Agadir, BP 383, Essaouira, Morocco
| | - Z. Damsiri
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences for the Environment and Sustainable Development, School of Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Essaouira Al Jadida, Route d'Agadir, BP 383, Essaouira, Morocco
| | - G. Derhy
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences for the Environment and Sustainable Development, School of Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Essaouira Al Jadida, Route d'Agadir, BP 383, Essaouira, Morocco
| | - K. Elkalay
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences for the Environment and Sustainable Development, School of Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Essaouira Al Jadida, Route d'Agadir, BP 383, Essaouira, Morocco
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Finucci B, Gallus L, Amaroli A, Candiani S, Rottigni M, Masini MA, Ferrando S. Vacchi's palatal organ: a widespread trait in Holocephali. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 92:1177-1182. [PMID: 29465164 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A palatal organ, possibly used for food sorting and processing, has previously been identified among the vomerine toothplates of the chimaeroid Chimaera monstrosa. In this study, the palatal organ was described in six additional species, confirming it is a widespread trait among holocephalans. It is proposed that this palatal structure, which appears to differ in shape according to each chimaeroid's degree of durophagy and is not homologous to the palatal structure described in teleosts, be hereby referred to as Vacchi's organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Finucci
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - L Gallus
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Science (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Amaroli
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Science (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 8, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Candiani
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Science (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Rottigni
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Science (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - M A Masini
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale Teresa Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - S Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Science (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
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Iitembu JA, Richoux NB. Trophic relationships of hake (Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) and sharks (Centrophorus squamosus, Deania calcea and D. profundorum) in the Northern (Namibia) Benguela Current region. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2015.1079142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Costa TLA, Thayer JA, Mendes LF. Population characteristics, habitat and diet of a recently discovered stingray Dasyatis marianae: implications for conservation. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2015; 86:527-543. [PMID: 25640968 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined population density, habitat and diet of Dasyatis marianae, a recently discovered species, in the reef complex of Maracajaú in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. The highest concentration of D. marianae occurred in seagrass beds. Habitat use differed significantly between sex and age classes, with females and juveniles using areas other than reefs. Females utilized primarily seagrass beds and juveniles occurred mainly along the sandy bottom near the beach, highlighting the importance of protecting these areas. Dasyatis marianae diet was characterized primarily by crustaceans (91·9% index of relative importance, IRI ), including shrimp, crabs and lobsters. The availability of prey in different habitat types influences occupation by D. marianae, but the prey selectivity of D. marianae, among other factors, may affect this relationship. Intense shrimp and lobster fishing in the region probably has an effect on preferred prey resources of this ray. Information on feeding habits of this species contributes to a better understanding of trophic dynamics and food webs, which is critical if ecosystem principles are to be integrated into fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L A Costa
- Ocean Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário, BR 101s/n Lagoa Nova, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - J A Thayer
- Ocean Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário, BR 101s/n Lagoa Nova, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, 101 H Street, Suite Q, Petaluma, CA 94952, U.S.A
| | - L F Mendes
- Ocean Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário, BR 101s/n Lagoa Nova, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Dunn MR, Stevens DW, Forman JS, Connell A. Trophic interactions and distribution of some Squaliforme sharks, including new diet descriptions for Deania calcea and Squalus acanthias. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59938. [PMID: 23536896 PMCID: PMC3607562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Squaliforme sharks are a common but relatively vulnerable bycatch in many deep water fisheries. Eleven species of squaliforme shark are commonly caught at depths of 200–1200 m on Chatham Rise, New Zealand, and their diversity suggests they might occupy different niches. The diets of 133 Deania calcea and 295 Squalus acanthias were determined from examination of stomach contents. The diet of D. calcea was characterised by mesopelagic fishes, and S. acanthias by benthic to pelagic fishes, but was more adaptive and included likely scavenging. Multivariate analyses found the most important predictors of diet variability in S. acanthias were year, bottom temperature, longitude, and fish weight. The diet of the nine other commonly caught squaliforme sharks was reviewed, and the spatial and depth distribution of all species on Chatham Rise described from research bottom trawl survey catches. The eleven species had a variety of different diets, and depth and location preferences, consistent with niche separation to reduce interspecific competition. Four trophic groups were identified, characterised by: mesopelagic fishes and invertebrates (Centroselachus crepidater, D. calcea, and Etmopterus lucifer); mesopelagic and benthopelagic fishes and invertebrates (Centroscymnus owstoni, Etmopterus baxteri); demersal and benthic fishes (Centrophorus squamosus, Dalatias licha, Proscymnodon plunketi); and a generalist diet of fishes and invertebrates (S. acanthias). The trophic levels of the species in each of the four groups were estimated as 4.18–4.24, 4.20–4.23, 4.24–4.48, and 3.84 respectively. The diet of Oxynotus bruniensis and Squalus griffini are unknown. The different niches occupied by different species are likely to influence their vulnerability to bottom trawl fisheries. Some species may benefit from fisheries through an increased availability of scavenged prey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Dunn
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Preciado I, Cartes JE, Serrano A, Velasco F, Olaso I, Sánchez F, Frutos I. Resource utilization by deep-sea sharks at the Le Danois Bank, Cantabrian Sea, north-east Atlantic Ocean. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2009; 75:1331-1355. [PMID: 20738618 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The feeding habits of birdbeak dogfish Deania calcea, velvet belly lantern shark Etmopterus spinax and blackmouth catshark Galeus melastomus at Le Danois Bank, Cantabrian Sea, south Bay of Biscay were studied in relation to their bathymetric distribution. Deep-sea sharks were collected during two multidisciplinary surveys carried out in October 2003 and April 2004 at the Le Danois Bank. Two different habitats were defined: (1) the top of the bank, ranging from 454 to 642 m depth and covered by fine-sand sediments with a low percentage of organic matter, and (2) the inner basin located between the bank and the Cantabrian Sea's continental shelf, at depths of 810-1048 m, which was characterized by a high proportion of silt and organic matter. Deania calcea was not present at the top of the bank but was abundant below 642 m, while E. spinax was abundant in the shallower top of the bank but was not found in the deeper inner basin. There was almost no bathymetric overlap between these two deep-sea shark species. Galeus melastomus was found over the whole depth range. There seemed to be an ontogenetic segregation with depth for this species, however, since 80% of the specimens collected at the top of the bank were < 600 mm total length (L(T)) (mean 510 mm L(T)), whereas larger individuals (mean 620 mm L(T)) inhabited deeper zones. Galeus melastomus exhibited a significantly higher feeding intensity than both E. spinax at the top of the bank and D. calcea in the inner basin. Little dietary overlap between D. calcea and G. melastomus in the inner basin was found, with D. calcea being an ichthyophagous predator while the diet of G. melastomus at these depths was composed of a variety of meso-bathypelagic shrimps (e.g. Acantephyra pelagica, Pasiphaea spp. and Sergia robusta), cephalopods and fishes. The diets of E. spinax and G. melastomus at the top of the bank showed a high dietary overlap of euphausiids, which represented the main prey taxa for both species. Euphausiids declined in abundance with depth which was reflected in the diet of G. melastomus. The cluster analysis of prey affinities among hauls depicted two major groups, corresponding to the two different habitats (top of the bank and inner basin). Redundancy analysis also indicated top-basin segregation, with euphausiids representing the main prey taxa at the top of the bank and bathypelagic shrimps in the inner basin. Euphausiids and Micromesistius poutassou were key prey within the Le Danois Bank ecosystem since they were positively selected by the three deep-sea shark species. These results show that the feeding ecology of these predators in Le Danois Bank ecosystem is highly influenced by depth-related variables, as a result of changes in prey availability. Overall results were analysed in relation to the deep-sea Le Danois ecosystem structure and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Preciado
- Centro Oceanográfico de Santander (IEO, Instituto Español de Oceanografía), Promontorio San Martín s/n, P.O. Box 240, 39080 Santander, Spain.
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Lombarte A, Fortuño JM. Differences in morphological features of the sacculus of the inner ear of two hakes (Merluccius capensisandM. paradoxus, gadiformes) inhabits from different depth of sea. J Morphol 2005; 214:97-107. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1052140107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Heymans JJ, Shannon LJ, Jarre A. Changes in the northern Benguela ecosystem over three decades: 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Ecol Modell 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Compagno LJ. AN OVERVIEW OF CHONDRICHTHYAN SYSTEMATICS AND BIODIVERSITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00359199909520406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3 Distribution and Population Ecology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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