1
|
Barrero A, Traba J, Tarjuelo R. Increased density of conspecifics caused niche contraction in a multispecific passerine assemblage. Ecology 2024; 105:e4296. [PMID: 38527496 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Competition is a prominent mechanism driving population dynamics and structuring community assemblage, which can be investigated by linking shifts in species' ecological niche and the densities of sympatric species because the ecological release from competitive constraints is a density-dependent process. In this work we determine how a steppe passerine community segregates their ecological niches and evaluate the role of competition in inducing changes in the ecological niche of species. We built multidimensional ecological niches (with Gaussian kernel density estimators) using data on the habitat features used by 10 bird species collected from seven sites in the natural steppes of Central Spain over 2 consecutive years. We computed distance and niche similarity metrics to explore the ecological niche partitioning of the bird community. Next, we ran multivariate linear regression models to evaluate the effects of conspecific and heterospecific density (as proxies of intraspecific and interspecific competition, respectively) on niche breadth and/or position of the three most abundant species. We found low niche overlap in the community assemblage but varying levels of niche similarity among pairs of species, which could increase the likelihood of current competition operating in the community. However, we found no effect of heterospecific density on niche breadth or position, although conspecific density was negatively related to niche breadth. Contrary to predictions of competition theory, increased density of conspecifics caused niche contraction. Our results from a multispecies system contribute to advanced knowledge of the biotic mechanisms structuring wildlife communities within the framework of ecological niche theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Barrero
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (TEG-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CIBC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Traba
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (TEG-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CIBC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Tarjuelo
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Gestión Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR), Universidad de Valladolid, Palencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bardales R, Boron V, Passos Viana DF, Sousa LL, Dröge E, Porfirio G, Jaramillo M, Payán E, Sillero-Zubiri C, Hyde M. Neotropical mammal responses to megafires in the Brazilian Pantanal. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17278. [PMID: 38655695 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The increasing frequency and severity of human-caused fires likely have deleterious effects on species distribution and persistence. In 2020, megafires in the Brazilian Pantanal burned 43% of the biome's unburned area and resulted in mass mortality of wildlife. We investigated changes in habitat use or occupancy for an assemblage of eight mammal species in Serra do Amolar, Brazil, following the 2020 fires using a pre- and post-fire camera trap dataset. Additionally, we estimated the density for two naturally marked species, jaguars Panthera onca and ocelots Leopardus pardalis. Of the eight species, six (ocelots, collared peccaries Dicotyles tajacu, giant armadillos Priodontes maximus, Azara's agouti Dasyprocta azarae, red brocket deer Mazama americana, and tapirs Tapirus terrestris) had declining occupancy following fires, and one had stable habitat use (pumas Puma concolor). Giant armadillo experienced the most precipitous decline in occupancy from 0.431 ± 0.171 to 0.077 ± 0.044 after the fires. Jaguars were the only species with increasing habitat use, from 0.393 ± 0.127 to 0.753 ± 0.085. Jaguar density remained stable across years (2.8 ± 1.3, 3.7 ± 1.3, 2.6 ± 0.85/100 km2), while ocelot density increased from 13.9 ± 3.2 to 16.1 ± 5.2/100 km2. However, the low number of both jaguars and ocelots recaptured after the fire period suggests that immigration may have sustained the population. Our results indicate that the megafires will have significant consequences for species occupancy and fitness in fire-affected areas. The scale of megafires may inhibit successful recolonization, thus wider studies are needed to investigate population trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Bardales
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Valeria Boron
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- The Living Planet Centre, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) UK, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Lara L Sousa
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
| | - Egil Dröge
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
- Zambian Carnivore Programme, Mfuwe, Zambia
| | | | | | - Esteban Payán
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, New York, USA
| | - Claudio Sillero-Zubiri
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Abingdon, UK
| | - Matthew Hyde
- Panthera Cooperation, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Center for Human-Carnivore Coexistence, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Beddoe J, Shimeta J, Klaassen M, Robb K. Population distribution and drivers of habitat use for the Burrunan dolphins, Port Phillip Bay, Australia. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11221. [PMID: 38584772 PMCID: PMC10994984 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops) populations, also described as the Burrunan dolphins, consist of a resident population of approximately 150 individuals in Port Phillip Bay (PPB), Victoria. Previous reports indicate distribution across a small southern region of PPB; however, little is known about their full distribution patterns across the entire PPB region. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of the Burrunan dolphins across four zones representative of PPB benthic habitats and bathymetry to gain a better understanding of the potential drivers of the population's habitat use. Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia. One hundred and twenty-nine boat-based surveys were undertaken between March 2015 and August 2021, encompassing 181 sightings. Generalised linear models (GLMs) were used to investigate annual, seasonal and zonal variation. We found no variation in sighting frequencies between years. Austral summer and winter had a significantly higher sighting frequency than autumn. We found that Burrunan dolphins utilise the entire bay, further extending the species range, and show a significantly higher number of sightings in the southern zone than in any other zones. Overlaying dolphin sightings with known oceanographic characteristics within PPB, we found bathymetry and benthic habitats were potential drivers for the Burrunan dolphins distribution and habitat use within the bay, with the dolphins significantly favouring the 5-10 and 10-15 m contour depths. These results show a more widespread distribution across the bay than previously documented. We recommend expansion of the current marine protected areas in the north and south of the bay. This study has increased our understanding of the vital habitat for the Burrunan dolphin populations. By providing evidence-based conservation recommendations, we hope to improve and contribute to future research, conservation management plans and effective marine protected areas across PPB for the resident Burrunan dolphin population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Beddoe
- School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Australian Marine Mammal Conservation FoundationHampton EastVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jeff Shimeta
- School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kate Robb
- Australian Marine Mammal Conservation FoundationHampton EastVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Attinello K, Fahrig L, Smith AC, Wilson S. Substituting space for time: Bird responses to forest loss in space provide a general picture of responses over time. Ecol Appl 2024; 34:e2919. [PMID: 37688799 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The practice of space-for-time substitution assumes that the responses of species or communities to land-use change over space represents how they will respond to that same change over time. Space-for-time substitution is commonly used in both ecology and conservation, but whether the assumption produces reliable insights remains inconclusive. Here, we tested space-for-time substitution using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and Global Forest Change (GFC) to compare the effects of landscape-scale forest cover on bird richness and abundance over time and space, for 25 space-time comparisons. Each comparison consisted of a landscape that experienced at least 20% forest loss over 19 years (temporal site) and a set of 15-19 landscapes (spatial sites) that represented the same forest cover gradient over space in 2019 as experienced over time in their corresponding temporal site. Across the 25 comparisons, the observed responses of forest and open-habitat birds to forest cover over time generally aligned with their responses to forest cover over space, but with comparatively higher variability in the magnitude and direction of effect across the 25 temporal slopes than across the 25 spatial slopes. On average, the mean differences between the spatial and temporal slopes across the 25 space-time comparisons frequently overlapped with zero, suggesting that the spatial slopes are generally informative of the temporal slopes. However, we observed high variability around these mean differences, indicating that a single spatial slope is not strongly predictive of its corresponding temporal slope. We suggest that our results may be explained by annual variability in other relevant environmental factors that combine to produce complex effects on population abundances over time that are not easily captured by snapshots in space. While not being a 1:1 proxy, measuring bird responses to changes in habitat amount in space provides an idea on how birds might be expected to eventually equilibrate to similar changes in habitat amount over time. Further, analyses such as this could be potentially used to screen for cases of regional space-time mismatches where population-limiting factors other than habitat could be playing a more important role in the population trends observed there.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Attinello
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lenore Fahrig
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam C Smith
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Delta, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barahona‐Segovia RM, Mulieri PR, González CR, Osorio Zúñiga F, Pañinao‐Monsálvez L. On the distribution and habitat use of the sub-Antarctic fly Hyadesimyia clausa Bigot (Diptera, Tachinidae) according to citizen science. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11169. [PMID: 38529023 PMCID: PMC10961473 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyadesimyia clausa Bigot is a morphologically striking tachinid that inhabits the Sub-Antarctic Ecoregion of the Magallanes Region in Chile and Tierra del Fuego province in Argentina. Much of the distributional information about this species is restricted to the Cape Horn islands, which have extreme environmental conditions, but the species' natural history, range limits, and habitat use have never been described or confirmed. Our goals were to describe the distributional limits of this sub-Antarctic fly with the help of citizen science and use this information type to describe this tachinid's habitat use and potential biological interactions with nonvascular and vascular flora. We found that citizen science significantly increased our understanding of the extent of occurrence, expanding the known distributional range by 195 km to the north and 153 km to the west. On the contrary, the values for the area of occupancy were not significant, but the occupancy overlap between different records was very low. We confirmed that H. clausa's habitat uses peatlands and although we have not provided evidence of pollination or movement of spores, we hypothesized, that the walking activity of H. clausa could help move sperm from mosses and pollen from the flowers of vascular plants, so they could act as potential pollinators. Citizen science can reduce and eliminate some scientific knowledge shortfalls and propose new ecological questions that could increase our knowledge of extreme ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M. Barahona‐Segovia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y BiodiversidadUniversidad de Los LagosOsornoChile
- Moscas Florícolas de Chile Citizen Science ProgramOsornoChile
| | - Pablo R. Mulieri
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’ (MACN)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Christian R. González
- Instituto de EntomologíaUniversidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la EducaciónSantiagoChile
| | - Felipe Osorio Zúñiga
- Escuela de Graduados, Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad & Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales & Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Finucci B, Chin C, O'Neill HL, White WT, Pinkerton MH. First observation of a skate egg case nursery in the Ross Sea. J Fish Biol 2024. [PMID: 38402691 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Areas of importance to Southern Ocean skates are poorly defined. Here, we identify a deepwater skate egg case nursery in a discrete location at ~460 m depth off Cape Adare in the Southern Ocean. This is the first confirmed observation of a skate nursery area in the Ross Sea and only the second observation for the Southern Ocean. The morphology and size of the egg cases were consistent with the genus Bathyraja and most likely belong to the Bathyraja sp. (cf. eatonii). The nursery occurs within the "no take" General Protection Zone of the Ross Sea region marine protected area, where commercial fishing is prohibited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Finucci
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Chin
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Helen L O'Neill
- CSIRO National Research Collections Australia-Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - William T White
- CSIRO National Research Collections Australia-Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Matthew H Pinkerton
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Johnson CA, Benson TJ. Dynamic, multi-scale analyses indicate site- and landscape-level forest cover drive Yellow-billed and Black-billed Cuckoo interannual turnover. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10938. [PMID: 38333097 PMCID: PMC10850813 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies of habitat use in breeding birds often assume species have relatively stable breeding distributions. Some species, however, display considerable year-to-year variability, complicating efforts to determine suitable or preferred habitats. After returning to their breeding range, Black-billed Cuckoos (Coccyzus erythropthalmus) and Yellow-billed Cuckoos (C. americanus) are thought to range widely before nesting, resulting in high rates of interannual breeding-site turnover, potentially contributing to conflicting habitat associations found in past studies. However, difficulty detecting these rare and declining species could lead to overinflated estimates of interannual turnover. Using broadcast surveys to increase detection probability, we collected detection/non-detection data in 2019 and 2020 at 41 publicly owned sites in Illinois and performed a dynamic, multi-scale occupancy analysis for each species to separate detection probability from potential interannual turnover and determine landscape and small-scale variables driving habitat use and occupancy dynamics. We found strong support for interannual turnover for both species based on poor performance of non-dynamic models and variation in estimated annual occupancy (20% and 21% increase between years for Black-billed and Yellow-billed Cuckoos, respectively). Black-billed Cuckoos persisted at sites with less forest in the surrounding landscape and used areas with denser understory vegetation. Yellow-billed Cuckoos colonized sites with greater canopy cover, avoided developed landscapes, and used areas with a shorter subcanopy layer. The dynamic nature of habitat use in these two cuckoo species suggests the importance of coordinating management and conservation across a broader spatial scale. Managing for larger patches of dense shrubs in less forested landscapes would benefit Black-billed Cuckoos while Yellow-billed cuckoos would benefit from management creating forested areas with open understories in less-developed landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Johnson
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research InstituteUniversity of Illinois, Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinoisUSA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Illinois, Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Thomas J. Benson
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research InstituteUniversity of Illinois, Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinoisUSA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Illinois, Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kovalenko V, Doser JW, Bate LJ, Six DL. Paired acoustic recordings and point count surveys reveal Clark's nutcracker and whitebark pine associations across Glacier National Park. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10867. [PMID: 38274862 PMCID: PMC10808773 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Global declines in tree populations have led to dramatic shifts in forest ecosystem composition, biodiversity, and functioning. These changes have consequences for both forest plant and wildlife communities, particularly when declining species are involved in coevolved mutualisms. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a declining keystone species in western North American high-elevation ecosystems and an obligate mutualist of Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), an avian seed predator and disperser. By leveraging traditional point count surveys and passive acoustic monitoring, we investigated how stand characteristics of whitebark pine in a protected area (Glacier National Park, Montana, USA) influenced occupancy and vocal activity patterns in Clark's nutcracker. Using Bayesian spatial occupancy models and generalized linear mixed models, we found that habitat use of Clark's nutcracker was primarily supported by greater cone density and increasing diameter of live whitebark pine. Additionally, we demonstrated the value of performing parallel analyses with traditional point count surveys and passive acoustic monitoring to provide multiple lines of evidence for relationships between Clark's nutcracker and whitebark pine forest characteristics. Our findings allow managers to gauge the whitebark pine conditions important for retaining high nutcracker visitation and prioritize management efforts in whitebark pine ecosystems with low nutcracker visitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kovalenko
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA
- Science CenterGlacier National ParkWest GlacierMontanaUSA
| | - Jeffrey W. Doser
- Department of Integrative Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Behavior ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Lisa J. Bate
- Science CenterGlacier National ParkWest GlacierMontanaUSA
| | - Diana L. Six
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gago H, Drechsler RM, Monrós JS. Evaluating Different Factors That Affect the Nesting Patterns of European and Algerian Hedgehogs in Urban and Suburban Environments. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3775. [PMID: 38136812 PMCID: PMC10740568 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Small undisturbed patches in urban environments serve as important refuges for wildlife, e.g., hedgehogs. However, the effects of urbanization on certain biological aspects, like nesting behavior, remain unknown. We captured and tracked the movement of 30 male hedgehogs of two co-existing species: Algerian and European hedgehogs. The study was carried out in Valencia (eastern Spain). We distinguished six macrohabitats and five subhabitats. We analyzed the proportions of the macro and subhabitats where nests were found to calculate a resource selection function and fit GLMs. Hedgehog nests tended to concentrate in areas with little human disturbance and were built in hedges or under bush-like vegetation. We did not find any significant differences between species or other considered groups. We noted that nests were distributed around hard-to-find suitable habitat patches. We even recorded a case of two males from both species simultaneously using one nest. Our results suggest that hedgehog conservation in urban environments can be improved by the correct management of forest patches by conserving bush-like vegetation and improving the connectivity between suitable patches with ecological corridors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Gago
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universitat de València, C/Catedràtic José Beltrán Martínez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (R.M.D.); (J.S.M.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grant MI, Kyne PM, James J, Hu Y, Mukherji S, Amepou Y, Baje L, Chin A, Johnson G, Lee T, Mahan B, Wurster C, White WT, Simpfendorfer CA. Elemental analysis of vertebrae discerns diadromous movements of threatened non-marine elasmobranchs. J Fish Biol 2023; 103:1357-1373. [PMID: 37632330 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
River sharks (Glyphis spp.) and some sawfishes (Pristidae) inhabit riverine environments, although their long-term habitat use patterns are poorly known. We investigated the diadromous movements of the northern river shark (Glyphis garricki), speartooth shark (Glyphis glyphis), narrow sawfish (Anoxypristis cuspidata), and largetooth sawfish (Pristis pristis) using in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) on vertebrae to recover elemental ratios over each individual's lifetime. We also measured elemental ratios for the bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) and a range of inshore and offshore stenohaline marine species to assist in interpretation of results. Barium (Ba) was found to be an effective indicator of freshwater use, whereas lithium (Li) and strontium (Sr) were effective indicators of marine water use. The relationships between Ba and Li and Ba and Sr were negatively correlated, whereas the relationship between Li and Sr was positively correlated. Both river shark species had elemental signatures indicative of prolonged use of upper-estuarine environments, whereas adults appear to mainly use lower-estuarine environments rather than marine environments. Decreases in Li:Ba and Sr:Ba at the end of the prenatal growth zone of P. pristis samples indicated that parturition likely occurs in fresh water. There was limited evidence of prolonged riverine habitat use for A. cuspidata. The results of this study support elemental-environment relationships observed in teleost otoliths and indicate that in situ LA-ICP-MS elemental characterization is applicable to a wide range of elasmobranch species as a discriminator for use and movement across salinity gradients. A greater understanding of processes that lead to element incorporation in vertebrae, and relative concentrations in vertebrae with respect to the ambient environment, will improve the applicability of elemental analysis to understand movements across the life history of elasmobranchs into the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael I Grant
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Piku Biodiversity Network, National Research Institute, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Peter M Kyne
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Julie James
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yi Hu
- Advanced Analytical Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sushmita Mukherji
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yolarnie Amepou
- Piku Biodiversity Network, National Research Institute, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Leontine Baje
- National Oceanic Resource Management Authority, Palikir, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Andrew Chin
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant Johnson
- Fisheries Division, Northern Territory Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Berrimah, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Tegan Lee
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brandon Mahan
- IsoTropics Geochemistry Laboratory, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Wurster
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - William T White
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Australian National Fish Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Colin A Simpfendorfer
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Palomares F, de Paula TAR, Srbek-Araujo AC. First Capture of a Jaguar Using a Minimally Invasive Capture System for GPS Tracking in an Isolated Patch of Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3314. [PMID: 37958070 PMCID: PMC10647416 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents the first successful capture using GPS tagging of a jaguar (Panthera onca) using a minimally invasive capture system (MICS). We used snare-foot traps and a MICS during two capture campaigns in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. The specimen disarmed snares on different occasions, and capture was only possible with the MICS. The captured jaguar, an estimated 16-year-old adult male, was monitored using a GPS Vertex Plus Iridium collar with an optimal performance of 86% in expected locations. The jaguar's home range (659 km2 by MPC and 174 km2 by 95%K) was within the observed range for the species and the animal was primarily maintained in protected areas. The habitat types most frequently used were native grassland (27.2% of 4798 fixes), marsh (24.8%), and dense lowland forest (24.7%). The use of a MICS for trapping jaguars is a promising technique that shows advantages in terms of efficiency, selectivity, portability, reduced potential risk of injury to animals or trappers, and animal stress compared to other capture methods used for the species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Palomares
- Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, Department of Conservation Biology, Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tarcízio Antônio Rego de Paula
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas e Programa de Pós-Graduação emCiência Animal, Universidade Vila Velha, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha 29102-920, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Costa HCM, Storck‐Tonon D, dos Santos‐Filho M, da Silva DJ, Campos‐Silva JV, Peres CA. Ranging ecology and resource selection of white-lipped peccaries ( Tayassu pecari) in the world's largest tropical agricultural frontier. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10624. [PMID: 37869432 PMCID: PMC10585122 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural commodity production is one the main drivers of deforestation in Legal Brazilian Amazonia resulting in a deforested and/or fragmented landscape formed by forest remnants of different sizes and shape embedded within the agricultural matrix. As an ecosystem engineer and a crucial seed predator, white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) play a pivotal role in forest structure, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling. However, they are highly sensitive to habitat fragmentation and hunting pressure. White-lipped peccaries are, therefore, a wide-ranging "landscape species," the spatial and ecological requirements of which can be used to guide conservation planning in human-modified landscapes. Using data from GPS-tracked individuals in large-scale mechanized agriculture landscapes in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil's largest soybean and maize producer, we investiated the home range size and resource selection during both the crop and non-crop season. We observed a seasonal variation in home range size and an increased selection for croplands during the crop season. White-lipped peccaries favored native vegetation patches and also exhibited avoidance of locations distant from perennial water bodies and distant cropland locations far from forest remmants. This study can contribute to inform effective conservation strategies and land management practices aimed at preserving suitable habitats and promoting wildlife coexistence with working agricultural landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo C. M. Costa
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em EcologiaInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaManausBrazil
- Instituto JuruáManausBrazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéusBrazil
| | - Danielle Storck‐Tonon
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ambiente e Sistemas de Produção AgrícolaUniversidade do Estado de Mato GrossoTangará da SerraBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos A. Peres
- Instituto JuruáManausBrazil
- School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dawei W, Zhenqi W, Wei H, Changhu L, Pan C. The native reed-specific bird, reed parrotbill, has been detected in exotic smooth cordgrass. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10417. [PMID: 37575595 PMCID: PMC10412437 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
After the smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora invaded coastal China, native birds started avoiding the green desert, and bird diversity declined. After many years, a few passerine birds began to enter and use smooth cordgrass, but only birds with a nonspecialised habitat. In this study, we found that a native reed-specific bird, the parrotbill Calamornis heudei, flocked and sang in a smooth cordgrass habitat throughout the overwintering period near Sheyang Port in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. This observation suggests that native obligate birds may be forced to adapt to exotic smooth cordgrass habitats after long-term coexistence, which would, obviously, affect the distribution, feeding and reproduction of birds. The concern is that this could be an ecological trap, leading to unknown consequences. More research is required to examine the process occurring along the Chinese coast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Dawei
- College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wang Zhenqi
- College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hu Wei
- College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lu Changhu
- College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chen Pan
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sakich NB, Bartel PC, Richards MH, Tattersall GJ. Hot crabs with bold choices: temperature has little impact on behavioural repeatability in Caribbean hermit crabs. Behav Processes 2023:104916. [PMID: 37454746 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
An animal's boldness is generally considered to be influenced by genetic and developmental factors. However, abiotic factors such as temperature have profound effects on the physiology of ectothermic animals, and thus can influence the expression and measurement of this behavioural trait. We examined the relationship between temperature and behaviour in the Caribbean hermit crab (Coenobita clypeatus) using field and lab experiments. Crabs captured in the sun were bolder than crabs captured in the shade, even when measured at a common temperature, which led to bold crabs experiencing higher microhabitat temperatures. In laboratory housed conditions, crabs demonstrated highly repeatable boldness behaviours at all temperatures, and as temperature increased, the mean behavioural latencies decreased across all individuals. Bolder crabs do not seem to rely on an innately higher thermal preference, since there was no association between boldness behaviours and thermal preference in the laboratory. Instead, bolder crabs seem to exploit more open, riskier habitats than shyer crabs. Our results highlight the complex interplay between physiological and ecological factors influencing the behaviour of a widespread and ecologically important ectothermic animal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Sakich
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1
| | - Philip C Bartel
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1
| | - Miriam H Richards
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1
| | - Glenn J Tattersall
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Erdenechimeg B, Purev-Ochir G, Gungaa A, Terbish O, Zhao Y, Guo Y. Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane ( Grus grus lilfordi) from Eastern Mongolia. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2287. [PMID: 37508062 PMCID: PMC10375961 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the subspecies Eastern common crane Grus grus lilfordi are still scarce, especially in Southeastern Siberia, the far east of Russia, Eastern Mongolia, and Northeastern China. This study explores the migration pattern, habitat use, and conservation status of the Eastern common crane. Using GPS/GSM tracking data, 36 complete migrations of 11 individuals were obtained from 2017 to 2021. The cranes migrated an average of 1581.5 km (±476.5 SD) in autumn and 1446.5 (±742.8 SD) in spring between their breeding site in Eastern Mongolia and the following wintering sites: the Xar Moron River, Chifeng; the Bohai Bay; the Yellow River Delta; Tangshan, Hebei; and Tianjin. During the autumn and spring migrations, the cranes used three critical stopover sites. The subspecies spent 60.3% of their time in rangeland, 18.1% in cropland, and 14.2% in water. The tracking data determined that, of the areas used by cranes, 97-98% of the summering sites were in Russia, 96% of the breeding sites were in Mongolia, and over 70% of the stopover sites and 90% of the wintering sites in China lay outside the current protected area boundaries. Consequently, establishing and expanding protected areas in summering, breeding, stopover, and wintering sites should be a central component of future conservation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baasansuren Erdenechimeg
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Mongolian Bird Conservation Center, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Gankhuyag Purev-Ochir
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Mongolian Bird Conservation Center, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Amarkhuu Gungaa
- Mongolian Bird Conservation Center, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Oyunchimeg Terbish
- Eastern Mongolian Protected Areas Administration, Choibalsan 21060, Mongolia
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Management Committee, Dongying 257091, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Yumin Guo
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sorel MH, Murdoch AR, Zabel RW, Kamphaus CM, Buhle ER, Scheuerell MD, Converse SJ. Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life-history prevalence in a migratory fish. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10087. [PMID: 37234292 PMCID: PMC10206029 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual variation in life-history traits can have important implications for the ability of populations to respond to environmental variability and change. In migratory animals, flexibility in the timing of life-history events, such as juvenile emigration from natal areas, can influence the effects of population density and environmental conditions on habitat use and population dynamics. We evaluated the functional relationships between population density and environmental covariates and the abundance of juveniles expressing different life-history pathways in a migratory fish, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in the Wenatchee River basin in Washington State, USA. We found that the abundance of younger emigrants from natal streams was best described by an accelerating or near-linear function of spawners, whereas the abundance of older emigrants was best described by a decelerating function of spawners. This supports the hypothesis that emigration timing varies in response to density in natal areas, with younger-emigrating life-history pathways comprising a larger proportion of emigrants when densities of conspecifics are high. We also observed positive relationships between winter stream discharge and abundance of younger emigrants, supporting the hypothesis that habitat conditions can also influence the prevalence of different life-history pathways. Our results suggest that early emigration, and a resultant increase in the use of downstream rearing habitats, may increase at higher population densities and with greater winter precipitation. Winter precipitation is projected to increase in this system due to climate warming. Characterizing relationships between life-history prevalence and environmental conditions may improve our understanding of species habitat requirements and is a first step in understanding the dynamics of species with diverse life-history strategies. As environmental conditions change-due to climate change, management, or other factors-resultant life-history changes are likely to have important demographic implications that will be challenging to predict when life-history diversity is not accounted for in population models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H. Sorel
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Richard W. Zabel
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AssociationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Eric R. Buhle
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AssociationSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Mt. Hood EnvironmentalSandyOregonUSA
| | - Mark D. Scheuerell
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Sarah J. Converse
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences & School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Stevens BS, Roberts SB, Conway CJ, Englestead DK. Effects of large-scale disturbance on animal space use: Functional responses by greater sage-grouse after megafire. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9933. [PMID: 37038512 PMCID: PMC10082181 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Global change has altered the nature of disturbance regimes, and megafire events are increasingly common. Megafires result in immediate changes to habitat available to terrestrial wildlife over broad landscapes, yet we know surprisingly little about how such changes shape space use of sensitive species in habitat that remains. Functional responses provide a framework for understanding and predicting changes in space use following habitat alteration, but no previous studies have assessed functional responses as a consequence of megafire. We studied space use and tested for functional responses in habitat use by breeding greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) before and after landscape-level changes induced by a >40,000 ha, high-intensity megafire that burned sagebrush steppe in eastern Idaho, USA. We also incorporated functional responses into predictive resource selection functions (RSFs) to map breeding habitat before and after the fire. Megafire had strong effects on the distribution of available resources and resulted in context-dependent habitat use that was heterogeneous across different components of habitat. We observed functional responses in the use and selection of a variety of resources (shrubs and herbaceous vegetation) for both nesting and brood rearing. Functional responses in the use of nesting habitat were influenced by the overarching effect of megafire on vegetation, whereas responses during brood rearing appeared to be driven by individual variation in available resources that were conditional on nest locations. Importantly, RSFs built using data collected prior to the burn also had poor transferability for predicting space use in a post-megafire landscape. These results have strong implications for understanding and predicting how animals respond to a rapidly changing environment, given that increased severity, frequency, and extent of wildfire are consequences of global change with the capacity to reshape ecosystems. We therefore demonstrate a conceptual framework to better understand space use and aid habitat conservation for wildlife in a rapidly changing world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan S. Stevens
- Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fish and Wildlife SciencesUniversity of IdahoMoscowIdahoUSA
| | | | - Courtney J. Conway
- U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of IdahoMoscowIdahoUSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rambahiniarison J, Agustines A, Alexopoulos K, Araujo G, Armstrong AO, Arnold S, Barruga A, Cañete T, Conales S, Delijero K, Enolva NP, Flam AL, Keane E, Labaja J, Legaspi CG, Murie C, Murray R, Oliver SP, Pierce SJ, Ponzo A, Rohner CA, Schifferer R, Snow S, Spakowski M, Stevens GMW, Tilgel T, Wong JNC, Yaptinchay AA, Barr Y. Distribution of the reef manta ray Mobula alfredi and the oceanic manta ray Mobula birostris in the Philippines: a collaborative effort for conservation. J Fish Biol 2023; 102:492-503. [PMID: 36451613 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about manta ray population size, structure and connectivity in the Philippines. In collaboration with dive operators, non-governmental organizations and authorities, sightings of manta rays were collated into a single national database. Using in-water photographs and videos gathered through citizen science and dedicated research efforts, this study compiled sightings between 2004 and 2020, showing 22 separate sites throughout the archipelago with manta rays present. A total of 392 individual reef manta rays (Mobula alfredi) and 107 oceanic manta rays (Mobula birostris) were identified from the collected footage. Four specific sites in the provinces of Masbate and Palawan together hosted 89% of all identified individuals and accounted for 95% of sightings, highlighting these areas are key aggregation sites. This study also reports the movements of M. birostris within the Philippines, based on photo-identification of three individuals moving 150 km between Cebu and Masbate. Despite the growing number of recreational divers in Daanbantayan and San Jacinto, an 80% decline in M. birostris sightings was observed at these sites. To ensure effective future conservation, it is recommended that efforts focus on the identification and protection of manta ray hotspots and migratory corridors, the creation of a sustainable tourism framework and, most important, the implementation of mitigation strategies to reduce fisheries interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Rambahiniarison
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
- Coastal Oceans Research and Development - Indian Ocean East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Ariana Agustines
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | | | - Gonzalo Araujo
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
- Marine Research and Conservation Foundation, Lydeard St Lawrence, Somerset, UK
| | - Asia O Armstrong
- Project Manta, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon Arnold
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Norwood Lane, Dorset, UK
| | - Aldrin Barruga
- Ticao-Burias Pass Protected Seascape, Department of Environment and Natural Resources V, Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office, Masbate City, Philippines
| | - Titus Cañete
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | - Segundo Conales
- Tubbataha Management Office, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines
| | - Kymry Delijero
- World Wildlife Fund Philippines, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines
| | - Nonie P Enolva
- Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources - Region 5, Department of Agriculture, Camarines Sur, Philippines
| | - Anna L Flam
- Marine Megafauna Foundation, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Eliya Keane
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jessica Labaja
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | | | - Calum Murie
- The Department of Biological Sciences, University of Chester, Chester, UK
- The Underwater Africa Foundation, Inhambane, Mozambique
| | - Ryan Murray
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | - Simon P Oliver
- The Department of Biological Sciences, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Simon J Pierce
- Marine Megafauna Foundation, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Alessandro Ponzo
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | | | | | - Sally Snow
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | - Martina Spakowski
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Bohol, Philippines
| | | | | | | | | | - Yotam Barr
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Torsekar VR, Zaguri M, Hawlena D. Predation risk regulates prey assortative mating by reducing the expected reproductive value of mates. Ecology 2023; 104:e3869. [PMID: 36088576 PMCID: PMC10078229 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many animals exhibit size assortative mating (SAM), but how predation affects it remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that predation risk may turn prey less choosy, disrupting SAM, or reduce the expected reproductive value of mates, maintaining SAM but with different size ratio between mates. Using a manipulative field experiment, we found that desert isopods under risk of scorpion predation maintained SAM, but that males that choose and fight over females were on average smaller for a given female size. Less pairs were formed in risky sites, but there were no differences in female sizes and progeny number, size and age near and away from scorpion burrows. Our complementary behavioral experiments revealed that bigger males stayed longer near safe burrows, and won more male-male contests than smaller conspecifics. Our findings highlight that prey can anticipate future costs of predation and use this information to assess the expected reproductive value of mates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viraj R Torsekar
- Risk-Management Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Moshe Zaguri
- Risk-Management Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dror Hawlena
- Risk-Management Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Strampelli P, Henschel P, Searle CE, Macdonald DW, Dickman AJ. Habitat use of and threats to African large carnivores in a mixed-use landscape. Conserv Biol 2022; 36:e13943. [PMID: 35603489 PMCID: PMC10087927 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Large carnivores increasingly inhabit human-affected landscapes, which exhibit heterogeneity in biotic resources, anthropogenic pressures, and management strategies. Understanding large carnivore habitat use in these systems is critical for their conservation, as is the evaluation of competing management approaches and the impacts of significant land-use changes. We used occupancy modeling to investigate habitat use of an intact eastern African large carnivore guild across the 45,000 km2 Ruaha-Rungwa landscape in south-central Tanzania. We determined the relative impact on five large carnivore species of biotic, anthropogenic, and management factors at the scales of home range selection and short-term use within home ranges. We also specifically tested the effect of abandonment of trophy hunting areas on large carnivore occurrence. Patterns of habitat use differed among species. Lions (Panthera leo) appeared affected by top-down limitation, as their occurrence was significantly negatively associated with illegal human activity (β = -0.63 [SE 0.28]). African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), instead, were limited by biotic features; the species was negatively associated with riverine areas of high sympatric predator density (β = -1.00 [SE 0.43]) and used less-productive habitats. Spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) and leopard (Panthera pardus) persisted in more disturbed areas and across habitat types. Large carnivore occurrence was not affected by whether an area was used for photographic or trophy hunting tourism; regular law enforcement was instead a better predictor of occurrence. All species fared better in actively managed hunting areas than those that had been abandoned by operators. Overall, our findings highlight the divergent habitat requirements within large carnivore guilds and the importance of adopting an integrated approach to large carnivore conservation planning in modern systems. We also identified a novel threat to African conservation areas in the form of decreased management investments associated with the abandonment of trophy hunting areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Strampelli
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Oxford, UK
- Lion Landscapes, Iringa, Tanzania
| | | | - Charlotte E Searle
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Oxford, UK
- Panthera, New York City, New York, USA
- Lion Landscapes, Iringa, Tanzania
| | - David W Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy J Dickman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Oxford, UK
- Lion Landscapes, Iringa, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Matsushige K, Yasutake Y, Mochioka N. Contrasting riverine distribution and habitat use of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, and the giant mottled eel, Anguilla marmorata, in a sympatric river. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:1617-1622. [PMID: 36161466 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrofishing and visual observations revealed contrasting riverine distribution and habitat use of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, and the giant mottled eel, Anguilla marmorata, in a relatively gentle-slope river of Southern Kyushu, Japan. A. japonica was distributed in the lower and upper reaches. A. marmorata inhabited the middle reaches with relatively fast water velocity, heterogeneous water depth, coarse substrata and no adjacent paddy fields. This may have important conservation implications because a decrease in environmental diversity and/or river connectivity could result in the disappearance of A. marmorata habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiya Yasutake
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
van der Kolk HJ, Desmet P, Oosterbeek K, Allen AM, Baptist MJ, Bom RA, Davidson SC, de Jong J, de Kroon H, Dijkstra B, Dillerop R, Dokter AM, Frauendorf M, Milotić T, Rakhimberdiev E, Shamoun-Baranes J, Spanoghe G, van de Pol M, Van Ryckegem G, Vanoverbeke J, Jongejans E, Ens BJ. GPS tracking data of Eurasian oystercatchers ( Haematopusostralegus) from the Netherlands and Belgium. Zookeys 2022; 1123:31-45. [PMID: 36762038 PMCID: PMC9836607 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1123.90623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe six datasets that contain GPS and accelerometer data of 202 Eurasian oystercatchers (Haematopusostralegus) spanning the period 2008-2021. Birds were equipped with GPS trackers in breeding and wintering areas in the Netherlands and Belgium. We used GPS trackers from the University of Amsterdam Bird Tracking System (UvA-BiTS) for several study purposes, including the study of space use during the breeding season, habitat use and foraging behaviour in the winter season, and impacts of human disturbance. To enable broader usage, all data have now been made open access. Combined, the datasets contain 6.0 million GPS positions, 164 million acceleration measurements and 7.0 million classified behaviour events (i.e., flying, walking, foraging, preening, and inactive). The datasets are deposited on the research repository Zenodo, but are also accessible on Movebank and as down-sampled occurrence datasets on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henk-Jan van der Kolk
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal Ecology, Wageningen, NetherlandsCentre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS)WageningenNetherlands,Dutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG), Utrecht, NetherlandsNetherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal EcologyWageningenNetherlands,Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands,Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands
| | - Peter Desmet
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, BelgiumResearch Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Kees Oosterbeek
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, NetherlandsSovon Dutch Centre for Field OrnithologyNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Andrew M. Allen
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal Ecology, Wageningen, NetherlandsCentre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS)WageningenNetherlands,Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands,Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands
| | - Martin J. Baptist
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University and Research, Den Helder, NetherlandsWageningen University and ResearchDen HelderNetherlands
| | - Roeland A. Bom
- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Coastal Systems, ‘t Horntje, NetherlandsRoyal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research't HorntjeNetherlands
| | - Sarah C. Davidson
- Department of Animal Migration, Max Plank Institute of Animal Behaviour, Radolfzell, GermanyDepartment of Animal Migration, Max Plank Institute of Animal BehaviourRadolfzellGermany
| | - Jan de Jong
- WetlandWacht, Vogelbescherming, Zeist, NetherlandsWetlandWacht, VogelbeschermingZeistNetherlands
| | - Hans de Kroon
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Bert Dijkstra
- Vogelwerkgroep Assen, Assen, NetherlandsVogelwerkgroep AssenAssenNetherlands
| | - Rinus Dillerop
- Vogelwerkgroep Assen, Assen, NetherlandsVogelwerkgroep AssenAssenNetherlands
| | - Adriaan M. Dokter
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, USACornell UniversityIthacaUnited States of America,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Magali Frauendorf
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal Ecology, Wageningen, NetherlandsCentre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS)WageningenNetherlands,Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands,Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands
| | - Tanja Milotić
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, BelgiumResearch Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Eldar Rakhimberdiev
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Judy Shamoun-Baranes
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Geert Spanoghe
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, BelgiumResearch Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Martijn van de Pol
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal Ecology, Wageningen, NetherlandsCentre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS)WageningenNetherlands,Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, AustraliaJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
| | - Gunther Van Ryckegem
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, BelgiumResearch Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Joost Vanoverbeke
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, BelgiumResearch Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Eelke Jongejans
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Animal Ecology, Wageningen, NetherlandsCentre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS)WageningenNetherlands,Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands,Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands
| | - Bruno J. Ens
- Centre of Avian Population Studies (CAPS), Wageningen, NetherlandsDutch Bryological and Lichenological Society (BLWG)UtrechtNetherlands,Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, NetherlandsSovon Dutch Centre for Field OrnithologyNijmegenNetherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guttridge TL, Müller L, Keller BA, Bond ME, Grubbs RD, Winram W, Howey LA, Frazier BS, Gruber SH. Vertical space use and thermal range of the great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran), (Rüppell, 1837) in the western North Atlantic. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:797-810. [PMID: 36056454 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran) is a highly mobile, large-bodied shark primarily found in coastal-pelagic and semi-oceanic waters across a circumtropical range. It is a target or by-catch species in multiple fisheries, and as a result, rapid population declines have occurred in many regions. These declines have contributed to the species being assessed as globally critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Although conservation and management measures have yielded promising results in some regions, such as the United States, high levels of at-vessel and post-release mortality remain a major concern to the species population recovery. This examined the vertical space use and thermal range of pop-off archival satellite-tagged S. mokarran in the western North Atlantic Ocean, expanding the understanding of the ecological niche of this species and providing insight into by-catch mitigation strategies for fisheries managers. The results showed that S. mokarran predominantly used shallow depths (75% of records <30 m) and had a narrow temperature range (89% of records between 23 and 28°C). Individual differences in depth use were apparent, and a strong diel cycle was observed, with sharks occupying significantly deeper depths during the daytime. Furthermore, two individuals were confirmed pregnant with one migrating from the Bahamas to South Carolina, U.S.A., providing further evidence of regional connectivity and parturition off the U.S. East Coast. The findings suggest that S. mokarran may be vulnerable to incidental capture in the western North Atlantic commercial longline fisheries due to substantial vertical overlap between the species and the gear. The results can be incorporated into conservation and management efforts to develop and/or refine mitigation measures focused on reducing the by-catch and associated mortality of this species, which can ultimately aide S. mokarran population recovery in areas with poor conservation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan L Guttridge
- Saving the Blue, Cooper City, Florida, USA
- Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, South Bimini, Bahamas
| | - Lukas Müller
- Marine Animal Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- The Watermen Project, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bryan A Keller
- Saving the Blue, Cooper City, Florida, USA
- Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University, St. Teresa, Florida, USA
| | - Mark E Bond
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida, USA
| | - R Dean Grubbs
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Lucy A Howey
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Bryan S Frazier
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel H Gruber
- Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, South Bimini, Bahamas
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Broekman MJE, Hilbers JP, Huijbregts MAJ, Mueller T, Ali AH, Andrén H, Altmann J, Aronsson M, Attias N, Bartlam‐Brooks HLA, van Beest FM, Belant JL, Beyer DE, Bidner L, Blaum N, Boone RB, Boyce MS, Brown MB, Cagnacci F, Černe R, Chamaillé‐Jammes S, Dejid N, Dekker J, L. J. Desbiez A, Díaz‐Muñoz SL, Fennessy J, Fichtel C, Fischer C, Fisher JT, Fischhoff I, Ford AT, Fryxell JM, Gehr B, Goheen JR, Hauptfleisch M, Hewison AJM, Hering R, Heurich M, Isbell LA, Janssen R, Jeltsch F, Kaczensky P, Kappeler PM, Krofel M, LaPoint S, Latham ADM, Linnell JDC, Markham AC, Mattisson J, Medici EP, de Miranda Mourão G, Van Moorter B, Morato RG, Morellet N, Mysterud A, Mwiu S, Odden J, Olson KA, Ornicāns A, Pagon N, Panzacchi M, Persson J, Petroelje T, Rolandsen CM, Roshier D, Rubenstein DI, Saïd S, Salemgareyev AR, Sawyer H, Schmidt NM, Selva N, Sergiel A, Stabach J, Stacy‐Dawes J, Stewart FEC, Stiegler J, Strand O, Sundaresan S, Svoboda NJ, Ullmann W, Voigt U, Wall J, Wikelski M, Wilmers CC, Zięba F, Zwijacz‐Kozica T, Schipper AM, Tucker MA. Evaluating expert-based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS-tracking data. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 2022; 31:1526-1541. [PMID: 36247232 PMCID: PMC9544534 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Macroecological studies that require habitat suitability data for many species often derive this information from expert opinion. However, expert-based information is inherently subjective and thus prone to errors. The increasing availability of GPS tracking data offers opportunities to evaluate and supplement expert-based information with detailed empirical evidence. Here, we compared expert-based habitat suitability information from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with habitat suitability information derived from GPS-tracking data of 1,498 individuals from 49 mammal species. LOCATION Worldwide. TIME PERIOD 1998-2021. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED Forty-nine terrestrial mammal species. METHODS Using GPS data, we estimated two measures of habitat suitability for each individual animal: proportional habitat use (proportion of GPS locations within a habitat type), and selection ratio (habitat use relative to its availability). For each individual we then evaluated whether the GPS-based habitat suitability measures were in agreement with the IUCN data. To that end, we calculated the probability that the ranking of empirical habitat suitability measures was in agreement with IUCN's classification into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat types. RESULTS IUCN habitat suitability data were in accordance with the GPS data (> 95% probability of agreement) for 33 out of 49 species based on proportional habitat use estimates and for 25 out of 49 species based on selection ratios. In addition, 37 and 34 species had a > 50% probability of agreement based on proportional habitat use and selection ratios, respectively. MAIN CONCLUSIONS We show how GPS-tracking data can be used to evaluate IUCN habitat suitability data. Our findings indicate that for the majority of species included in this study, it is appropriate to use IUCN habitat suitability data in macroecological studies. Furthermore, we show that GPS-tracking data can be used to identify and prioritize species and habitat types for re-evaluation of IUCN habitat suitability data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten J. E. Broekman
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jelle P. Hilbers
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Mark A. J. Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt (Main)Germany
- Department of Biological SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt (Main)Germany
| | | | - Henrik Andrén
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesRiddarhyttanSweden
| | - Jeanne Altmann
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Malin Aronsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesRiddarhyttanSweden
- Department of ZoologyStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Nina Attias
- Ecology and Conservation Graduate ProgramFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | | | | | - Jerrold L. Belant
- Global Wildlife Conservation CenterState University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Dean E. Beyer
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Laura Bidner
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Randall B. Boone
- Department of Ecosystem Science and SustainabilityColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Mark S. Boyce
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Michael B. Brown
- Giraffe Conservation FoundationErosNamibia
- Conservation Ecology CenterSmithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular EcologyResearch and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachTrentoItaly
| | - Rok Černe
- Slovenia Forest ServiceLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Simon Chamaillé‐Jammes
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3MontpellierFrance
| | - Nandintsetseg Dejid
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt (Main)Germany
| | | | - Arnaud L. J. Desbiez
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
- IPÊ (Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas; Institute for Ecological Research)São PauloBrazil
- Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS)EdinburghUK
| | - Samuel L. Díaz‐Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Claudia Fichtel
- German Primate Center, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology UnitGöttingenGermany
| | - Christina Fischer
- Faunistics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Agriculture, Ecotrophology, and Landscape DevelopmentAnhalt University of Applied SciencesBernburgGermany
| | - Jason T. Fisher
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Adam T. Ford
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - John M. Fryxell
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Benedikt Gehr
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jacob R. Goheen
- Department of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Morgan Hauptfleisch
- Department of Agriculture And Natural Resources Sciences, Biodiversity Research CentreNamibia University of Science and TechnologyWindhoekNamibia
| | - A. J. Mark Hewison
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFSCastanet‐TolosanFrance
- LTSER ZA Pyrénées GaronneAuzeville‐TolosaneFrance
| | - Robert Hering
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Marco Heurich
- Department of Conservation and ResearchBavarian Forest National ParkGrafenauGermany
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and ManagementAlbert Ludwigs University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife ManagementInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
| | - Lynne A. Isbell
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Animal Behavior Graduate GroupUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Petra Kaczensky
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife ManagementInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
- Research Institute of Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Peter M. Kappeler
- German Primate Center, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology UnitGöttingenGermany
| | - Miha Krofel
- Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Scott LaPoint
- Black Rock ForestCornwallNew YorkUSA
- Lamont‐Doherty Earth ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisadesNew YorkUSA
| | - A. David M. Latham
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Wildlife Ecology and ManagementManaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchLincolnNew Zealand
| | - John D. C. Linnell
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife ManagementInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | | | | | - Emilia Patricia Medici
- IPÊ (Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas; Institute for Ecological Research)São PauloBrazil
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission (SSC) Tapir Specialist Group (TSG)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | | | | | - Ronaldo G. Morato
- National Research Center for Carnivores ConservationChico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of BiodiversityAtibaiaBrazil
| | - Nicolas Morellet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFSCastanet‐TolosanFrance
- LTSER ZA Pyrénées GaronneAuzeville‐TolosaneFrance
| | - Atle Mysterud
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Stephen Mwiu
- Wildlife Research and Training InstituteNaivashaKenya
| | - John Odden
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchOsloNorway
| | - Kirk A. Olson
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Mongolia ProgramUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Aivars Ornicāns
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute “Silava”SalaspilsLatvia
| | | | | | - Jens Persson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesRiddarhyttanSweden
| | - Tyler Petroelje
- Global Wildlife Conservation CenterState University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | | | - David Roshier
- Australian Wildlife ConservancySubiacoWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Daniel I. Rubenstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Sonia Saïd
- Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui ScientifiqueOffice Français de la BiodiversitéBirieuxFrance
| | - Albert R. Salemgareyev
- Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan (ACBK)Nur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Hall Sawyer
- Western Ecosystems Technology Inc.LaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Niels Martin Schmidt
- Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
- Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Nuria Selva
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of SciencesKrakowPoland
| | - Agnieszka Sergiel
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of SciencesKrakowPoland
| | - Jared Stabach
- Conservation Ecology CenterSmithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA
| | - Jenna Stacy‐Dawes
- Conservation Science and Wildlife HealthSan Diego Zoo Wildlife AllianceEscondidoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Frances E. C. Stewart
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of BiologyWilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Jonas Stiegler
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Olav Strand
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | | | - Nathan J. Svoboda
- Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Forest and Wildlife Research CenterMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA
- Alaska Department of Fish and GameKodiakAlaskaUSA
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Ulrich Voigt
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife ResearchUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Hannover FoundationHannoverGermany
| | | | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of MigrationMax Planck Institute of Animal BehaviorRadolfzellGermany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective BehaviourUniversity of KonstanzConstanceGermany
| | - Christopher C. Wilmers
- Center for Integrated Spatial Research, Environmental Studies DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Aafke M. Schipper
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment AgencyThe HagueThe Netherlands
| | - Marlee A. Tucker
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Veríssimo I, Cupolillo G, Jorge BMDS, Novaes RLM, Tavares JA, Gabriel MM, Costa-Neto SF, do Couto ALG, Schmidt E, Miranda A, de Andreazzi CS, Moratelli R. Medium- and large-sized mammals from Estação Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e86756. [PMID: 36761537 PMCID: PMC9848567 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e86756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pedra Branca Forest is in a highly urbanised region of the central portion of Rio de Janeiro City and comprises the largest urban forest in the world (> 12,000 ha). The local flora and fauna are protected by three conservation units and the Estação Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica (EFMA), which comprises 462 hectares on the east side of the remnant. The local biodiversity is still little known compared to other Atlantic Forest remnants from the Rio de Janeiro State. Here, we provide results of a survey of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals from the EFMA. In addition, we analysed the distribution of this fauna along three habitat types defined as Peridomicile, Transitional Forest and Forest Core. Sampling was performed from 2017 to 2020 and comprised a camera-trap survey, interviews with residents and local workers and occasional records. Results include occurrence records for 16 autochthonous and one allochthonous (Callithrix sp.) wild mammals, which are distributed into 14 families and seven orders, in addition to the presence of free-ranging domestic dogs and cats. Four species are in some category of threat of extinction at national or global levels. Amongst them, Leontopithecusrosalia (first record for the Rio de Janeiro City in more than a century) and Leopardusguttulus are classified as Vulnerable by IUCN. Most wild native species were registered in the three habitat types, but with differences in the frequency of records. Our results indicate that the presence of domestic dogs and cats influenced the species composition in each area, with Nasuanasua, Dasyproctaleporina and Didelphisaurita less frequent in places where domestic dogs and cats are more frequent. This is the first systematic effort to understand the occurrence and distribution of mid- and large-sized mammals in the Pedra Branca Forest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Veríssimo
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Gabriel Cupolillo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Beatriz Maria da Silva Jorge
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Roberto Leonan Morim Novaes
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Jonatas Amorim Tavares
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Monique Medeiros Gabriel
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Sócrates Fraga Costa-Neto
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Ademar Luiz Gomes do Couto
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Ellen Schmidt
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Amarildo Miranda
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Cecilia Siliansky de Andreazzi
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Centro de Ecología Funcional, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalCentro de Ecología Funcional, Universidade de CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Ricardo Moratelli
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Matich P, Bigelow CL, Chambers B, Dodds JJ, Hebert JA, Lemieux A, Pittman CM, Trapp J, Bianco B, Cadena CP, Castillo EI, Castillo GI, Dawdy A, Dominguez AI, Dominique N, French DR, Glenn CF, Jackson ECH, Johnson B, Kohl G, Manka C, Martin JK, Pappas M, Reedholm AJ, Snead KM, Tyree MK, Fisher M. Delineation of blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) nursery habitats in the north-western Gulf of Mexico. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:236-248. [PMID: 35591772 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coevolution with predators leads to the use of low-risk habitats by many prey species, which promotes survival during early developmental phases. These nurseries are valued by conservation and management agencies because of their contributions to adult populations. However, the physical and geographic characteristics, like shallow depths and isolation from other marine habitats, that restrict access to predators and thereby reduce risk to juvenile animals can also limit scientific research. Consequently, many nursery habitats are still unidentified and understudied. Here we used gillnet monitoring from 1982 to 2018 to delineate blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) nurseries in the north-western Gulf of Mexico and elucidated their physical, environmental and biological characteristics. Nursery habitats within estuaries (<2% of spatial area) were proximate to the Gulf of Mexico and exhibited significantly lower variability in salinity than non-nurseries. However, relative abundances of predators and prey were not significant delineators of nursery habitats. As such, food and risk may not influence juvenile blacktip habitat use as expected. Alternatively, reduced osmoregulatory stress attributed to predictable environments likely provides advantageous conditions for blacktips to develop foraging and antipredator tactics, which is vital prior to the winter migration of juvenile sharks into the Gulf of Mexico.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camryn L Bigelow
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Barrett Chambers
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jillian J Dodds
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica A Hebert
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexis Lemieux
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Christy M Pittman
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Julianna Trapp
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Brooke Bianco
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Carolina P Cadena
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Emily I Castillo
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Gabriela I Castillo
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandra Dawdy
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alina I Dominguez
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas Dominique
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Donavon R French
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Callie F Glenn
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Elena C H Jackson
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Breidon Johnson
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Gunnar Kohl
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Cameron Manka
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jared K Martin
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew Pappas
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey J Reedholm
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Kailey M Snead
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew K Tyree
- Marine Biology Department, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Fisher
- Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division, Rockport Marine Science Laboratory, Rockport, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu F, Li Y, Zhang K, Liang J, Nong D, Huang Z. Habitat use of the white-headed langurs in limestone forest of Southwest Guangxi, China: Seasonality and group size effects. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9068. [PMID: 35813914 PMCID: PMC9251885 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how animals cope with habitat-specific environmental factors can assist in species conservation management. We studied the habitat use of four groups (two large and two small groups) of white-headed langurs (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) living in the forest of southwest Guangxi, China between September 2016 and February 2017 via instantaneous scan sampling. Our results showed that the langurs primarily used hillsides (55.91% ± 6.47%), followed by cliffs (29.70% ± 5.48%), hilltops (7.26% ± 3.55%), flat zones (6.99% ± 6.58%), and farmlands (0.14% ± 0.28%). The langurs moved most frequently on hillsides (49.35% ± 6.97%) and cliffs (35.60% ± 9.17%). The hillsides were more frequently used (66.94% ± 7.86%) during feeding, and the langurs increased the use of hilltops during the rainy season, and the use of cliffs in the dry season. The langurs frequently rested on hillsides (49.75% ± 8.16%) and cliffs (38.93% ± 8.02%). The larger langur group used cliffs more frequently when moving and resting, whereas the small langur group used hillsides more frequently while resting. Langurs in all groups avoided the flat zones for feeding. Their use of habitat reflected the balancing of foraging needs, thermoregulation, and predator avoidance. We conclude that the ecological factors are determinants of habitat use for white-headed langurs. Our findings suggest that conservation efforts should focus on protecting the vegetation on the hillsides and restoring the vegetation on the flat zones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of EducationGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Youbang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of EducationGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Kechu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of EducationGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Jipeng Liang
- Administration Center of Guangxi Chongzuo White‐headed Langur National Nature ReserveChongzuoChina
| | - Dengpan Nong
- Administration Center of Guangxi Chongzuo White‐headed Langur National Nature ReserveChongzuoChina
| | - Zhonghao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of EducationGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Elley T, Mattern T, Ellenberg U, Young MJ, Hickcox RP, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Consistent Site-Specific Foraging Behaviours of Yellow-eyed Penguins/Hoiho Breeding on Stewart Island, New Zealand. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11060844. [PMID: 35741366 PMCID: PMC9220341 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) is endemic to New Zealand and has declined c. 72% since 2008/09 within its mainland range. Population monitoring suggests yellow-eyed penguins are tracking below even the most pessimistic scenario modelled, indicating stressors may not be accurately quantified or underestimated. Fisheries-related bycatch, particularly in gillnets, has been identified as a significant contributor to the species’ decline. Mortality mitigation measures exist for penguins breeding on South Island, with a four nautical mile gillnet exclusion zone in place. Penguins breeding on Stewart Island have no protection, leaving them vulnerable to capture and drowning in gillnets. We use GPS-TDR loggers attached to adult breeding penguins from three sites across Stewart Island to track their at-sea activity, diving behaviour, and investigate the degree of foraging plasticity displayed across this range. Penguins from each site showed significant differences in their preferred habitat use and were consistent between trips and years. Results here show that foraging locations at one site cannot be used to assess habitat use by penguins at other sites. The intra-site and inter-annual consistency in preferred foraging locations observed in Stewart Island penguins reveal that implementation of marine protection may be effective in eliminating fisheries-related mortality and reduce the risk of local extinction. Abstract The endangered yellow-eyed penguin/hoiho (Megadyptes antipodes) predominantly forages benthically within its mainland range and shows high foraging site fidelity. Identifying consistencies in foraging locations can allow effective conservation, especially when managing bycatch risk. This study investigated the at-sea distribution of penguins breeding on Stewart Island to explore site-specific foraging strategies and inform fisheries management. During the 2020/21 season, 19 adult breeding yellow-eyed penguins from Port Pegasus, Paterson Inlet, and Codfish Island were fitted with GPS-TDR dive loggers to track their movements and diving behaviours. A total of 25,696 dives were recorded across 91 foraging trips. Birds from Port Pegasus reached significantly greater depths, spent longer at the seafloor, and performed longer dives. They also had the smallest foraging distribution, with most activity concentrated inshore. Compared to Port Pegasus, foraging radii and trip lengths were twice as large for Paterson Inlet and four times larger at Codfish Island. Despite differences in available foraging habitat, considerable individual and intra-site consistency for preferred foraging locations was observed. Localised behaviour and inter-site differences in dive metrics suggest significant plasticity in foraging ecology across their mainland range; however, individual behaviour and preferred foraging locations were extremely predictable. Thus, risk of mortality from fisheries can be quantified and managed accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thor Elley
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Mattern
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn 9120, Argentina;
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn 9120, Argentina;
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Melanie J. Young
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Rachel P. Hickcox
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Yolanda van Heezik
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Paudel RP, Kadariya R, Lamichhane BR, Subedi N, Sashika M, Shimozuru M, Tsubota T. Habitat occupancy of sloth bear Melursus ursinus in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8699. [PMID: 35342572 PMCID: PMC8928908 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals have experienced a massive decline in their populations and geographic ranges worldwide. The sloth bear, Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791), is one of many species facing conservation threats. Despite being endangered in Nepal, decades of inattention to the situation have hindered their conservation and management. We assessed the distribution and patterns of habitat use by sloth bears in Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal. We conducted sign surveys from March to June, 2020, in 4 × 4 km grids (n = 45). We collected detection/non-detection data along a 4-km trail that was divided into 20 continuous segments of 200 m each. We obtained environmental, ecological, and anthropogenic covariates to understand determinants of sloth bear habitat occupancy. The data were analyzed using the single-species single-season occupancy method, with a spatially correlated detection. Using repeated observations, these models accounted for the imperfect detectability of the species to provide robust estimates of habitat occupancy. The model-averaged occupancy estimate for the sloth bear was 69% and the detection probability was 0.25. The probability of habitat occupancy by sloth bears increased with the presence of termites and fruits and in rugged, dry, open, undisturbed habitats. Our results indicate that the sloth bear is elusive, functionally unique, and widespread in CNP. Future conservation interventions and action plans aimed at sloth bear management must adequately consider their habitat requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Prasad Paudel
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and MedicineDepartment of Environmental Veterinary ScienceGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | | | | | | | - Mariko Sashika
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and MedicineDepartment of Environmental Veterinary ScienceGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Michito Shimozuru
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and MedicineDepartment of Environmental Veterinary ScienceGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Toshio Tsubota
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and MedicineDepartment of Environmental Veterinary ScienceGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tinsman J, Volampeno S, Ganas-Swaray J, Gann D, Andrianirina N, Chamizo M, Ralazampirenena C, Ranaivoarisoa JF, Ravaoarisoa H, Rivero J, Zamora A, Gomes CM. Habitat use by the island lemurs of Nosy Be, Madagascar. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23362. [PMID: 35098568 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Madagascar's lemurs are threatened by forest loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Many species use flexible behaviors to survive in degraded habitat, but their ability to persist in very small areas may be limited. Insular lemurs, like those found on Nosy Be, an island off the northwestern coast of Madagascar, are at heightened risk of sudden population declines and extirpation. Nosy Be is home to two Critically Endangered species-the endemic Nosy Be sportive lemur (Lepilemur tymerlachsoni) and Claire's mouse lemur (Microcebus mamiratra)-as well as the Endangered black lemur (Eulemur macaco). Most of the remaining forest on Nosy Be is protected by the 862-ha Lokobe National Park. To document how Nosy Be lemurs use their restricted habitat, we conducted vegetation and reconnaissance surveys on 53 transects in and around Lokobe. We collected data on tree size, canopy cover, understory visibility, and elevation for 248 lemur sightings. We used a spatially explicit, multi-species occupancy model to investigate which forest-structure variables are important to lemurs. Our results represent some of the first data on habitat use by insular lemurs. Black lemurs preferred significantly larger trees and areas with less dense understory. They also occurred significantly less outside of Lokobe National Park, even when accounting for sampling effort and geography. The distributions of the sportive and mouse lemurs were not related to the forest structure variables we documented, but they did negatively predict each other-perhaps because their habitat requirements differ. These results also underscore the importance of the national park to protecting the black lemur population on Nosy Be and raise questions about what factors do influence the distribution of Nosy Be's smaller lemurs. Close monitoring is needed to prevent these populations and the ecosystem services they provide from disappearing, as have other island lemurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen Tinsman
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment & Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Gann
- Department of Biology, FIU, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Natacha Andrianirina
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Madison Chamizo
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Claude Ralazampirenena
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Ministère de l'Environnement et du Développement Durable, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean F Ranaivoarisoa
- Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Hasina Ravaoarisoa
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Josie Rivero
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Ecology & Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew Zamora
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cristina M Gomes
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pokharel M, Subba A, Rai D, Bhandari S, Ghimirey Y. Fine-scale ecological and anthropogenic variables predict the habitat use and detectability of sloth bears in the Churia habitat of east Nepal. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8512. [PMID: 35136560 PMCID: PMC8809446 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Once widespread throughout the tropical forests of the Indian Subcontinent, the sloth bears have suffered a rapid range collapse and local extirpations in the recent decades. A significant portion of their current distribution range is situated outside of the protected areas (PAs). These unprotected sloth bear populations are under tremendous human pressures, but little is known about the patterns and determinants of their occurrence in most of these regions. The situation is more prevalent in Nepal where virtually no systematic information is available for sloth bears living outside of the PAs. We undertook a spatially replicated sign survey-based single-season occupancy study intending to overcome this information gap for the sloth bear populations residing in the Trijuga forest of southeast Nepal. Sloth bear sign detection histories and field-based covariates data were collected between 2 October and 3 December 2020 at the 74 randomly chosen 4-km2 grid cells. From our results, the model-averaged site use probability (ψ ± SE) was estimated to be 0.432 ± 0.039, which is a 13% increase from the naïve estimate (0.297) not accounting for imperfect detections of sloth bear signs. The presence of termite mound and the distance to the nearest water source were the most important variables affecting the habitat use probability of sloth bears. The average site-level detectability (p ± SE) of sloth bear signs was estimated to be 0.195 ± 0.003 and was significantly determined by the index of human disturbances. We recommend considering the importance of fine-scale ecological and anthropogenic factors in predicting the sloth bear-habitat relationships across their range in the Churia habitat of Nepal, and more specifically in the unprotected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Pokharel
- Department of Environmental ScienceTri‐Chandra Multiple CampusKathmanduNepal
| | - Asmit Subba
- Central Department of ZoologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Dipa Rai
- Department of Environmental ScienceGoldenGate International CollegeKathmanduNepal
| | - Simrik Bhandari
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lempidakis E, Ross AN, Börger L, Shepard ELC. Airflow modelling predicts seabird breeding habitat across islands. Ecography 2022; 2022:05733. [PMID: 34987352 PMCID: PMC7612159 DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wind is fundamentally related to shelter and flight performance: two factors that are critical for birds at their nest sites. Despite this, airflows have never been fully integrated into models of breeding habitat selection, even for well-studied seabirds. Here, we use computational fluid dynamics to provide the first assessment of whether flow characteristics (including wind speed and turbulence) predict the distribution of seabird colonies, taking common guillemots Uria aalge breeding on Skomer Island as our study system. This demonstrates that occupancy is driven by the need to shelter from both wind and rain/wave action, rather than airflow characteristics alone. Models of airflows and cliff orientation both performed well in predicting high-quality habitat in our study site, identifying 80% of colonies and 93% of avoided sites, as well as 73% of the largest colonies on a neighbouring island. This suggests generality in the mechanisms driving breeding distributions and provides an approach for identifying habitat for seabird reintroductions considering current and projected wind speeds and directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew N Ross
- School of Earth and Environment, Univ. of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Luca Börger
- Dept of Biosciences, Swansea Univ., Swansea, UK; Centre for Biomathematics, College of Science, Swansea Univ., Swansea, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zanón Martínez JI, Seoane J, Kelly MJ, Sarasola JH, Travaini A. Assessing carnivore spatial co-occurrence and temporal overlap in the face of human interference in a semiarid forest. Ecol Appl 2022; 32:e02482. [PMID: 34674337 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Apex predators drive top-down effects in ecosystems and the loss of such species can trigger mesopredator release. This ecological process has been well documented in human-modified small areas, but for management and conservation of ecological communities, it is important to know which human factors affect apex predator occurrence and which mediate mesopredators release at large scales. We hypothesized that mesopredators would avoid spatial and temporal overlap with the apex predator, the puma; but that human perturbations (i.e., cattle raising and trophy hunting) would dampen top-down effects and mediate habitat use. We installed 16 camera traps in each of 45, 10 × 10 km grid cells in the Caldén forest region of central Argentina resulting in 706 total stations covering 61,611 km2 . We used single-season occupancy and two-species co-occurrence models and calculated the species interaction factor (SIF) to explore the contributions of habitat, biotic, and anthropic variables in explaining co-occurrence between carnivore pairs. We also used kernel density estimation techniques to analyze temporal overlap in activity patterns of the carnivore guild. We found that puma habitat use increased with abundance of large prey and with proximity to protected areas. Geoffroy's cats and skunks spatially avoided pumas and this effect was strong and mediated by distance to protected areas and game reserves, but pumas did not influence pampas fox and pampas cat space use. At medium and low levels of puma occupancy, we found evidence of spatial avoidance between three pairs of mesocarnivores. All predators were mostly nocturnal and crepuscular across seasons and mesopredators showed little consistent evidence of changing activity patterns with varying levels of puma occupancy or human interference. We found potential for mesopredator release at large scale, especially on the spatial niche axis. Our results suggest that a combination of interacting factors, in conjunction with habitat features and intervening human activities, may make mesopredator release unlikely or difficult to discern at broad scales. Overall, we believe that promoting the creation of new protected areas linked by small forest patches would likely lead to increased predator and prey abundances, as well as the interactions among carnivores inside and outside of protected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Zanón Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avenida Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
- Centro para el Estudio y Conservación de las Aves Rapaces en Argentina, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Avenida Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Javier Seoane
- Terrestrial Ecology Group-TEG, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Darwin, 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcella J Kelly
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, 146 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061-0321, USA
| | - José Hernán Sarasola
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avenida Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
- Centro para el Estudio y Conservación de las Aves Rapaces en Argentina, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Avenida Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Travaini
- Centro de Investigación de Puerto Deseado, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, CONICET, Avenida Prefectura Naval s/n, 9050, Puerto Deseado, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Seki Y, Hayama SI. Habitat Selection and Activity Patterns of Japanese Serows and Sika Deer with Currently Sympatric Distributions. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3398. [PMID: 34944175 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Investigating the interspecific interactions between species provides a suitable model for understanding the mechanisms of coexistence between sympatric species. We assessed the spatial and temporal partitioning of spaces between Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon), which are usually allopatric, in an area with early-stage invasion of sika deer into Japanese serow habitat. The habitat selection and activity patterns of the two species were evaluated using camera traps. Both species were recorded in >25% of the same camera sites and showed similar selection tendencies for water resources. The Japanese serows selected steep slopes, whereas the sika deer selected areas distant from human settlements, resulting in low spatial overlap. Additionally, the Japanese serows were more active during the daytime, whereas the sika deer were active at the crepuscule. The observed spatial and temporal partitioning likely reduces their encounter rates, thereby minimizing possible interference competition. However, spatial and temporal overlaps between the two species are likely to increase as the density of sika deer increases, potentially resulting in a decline in the density of Japanese serows with smaller body sizes. Trapping for deer management should be focused on areas with gentle slopes, away from valleys and human settlements, to reduce the unintentional capture of Japanese serows. Abstract The Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan are usually allopatric. However, a recent expansion in the distribution range of sika deer, combined with an increase in abundance, has resulted in an overlap of the distribution ranges of the two species. We examined the habitat selection and activity patterns of Japanese serows and sika deer using camera traps placed at 83 sites within a 210 km2 study area, where the distribution range of these two species has recently overlapped. Although both species were photographed throughout the study area, we observed a low spatial overlap between them. The Japanese serows selected steep slopes, and the sika deer selected areas far away from human settlements. In addition, the Japanese serows and sika deer exhibited temporal partitioning with diurnal and crepuscular activity patterns, respectively. The observed partitioning could be explained by differences in their species-specific habitat selections, rather than competition, because the photographic capture rate of the Japanese serows was not affected by that of the sika deer and vice versa. These partitioning behaviors are likely to reduce the rate of encounters between the two ungulates, which enables their coexistence considering the sika deer density remains low.
Collapse
|
35
|
Mullins LL, Drymon JM, Moore M, Skarke A, Moore A, Rodgers JC. Defining distribution and habitat use of west-central Florida's coastal sharks through a research and education program. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:16055-16069. [PMID: 34824811 PMCID: PMC8601906 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying critical habitat for highly mobile species such as sharks is difficult, but essential for effective management and conservation. In regions where baseline data are lacking, non-traditional data sources have the potential to increase observational capacity for species distribution and habitat studies. In this study, a research and education organization conducted a 5-year (2013-2018) survey of shark populations in the coastal waters of west-central Florida, an area where a diverse shark assemblage has been observed but no formal population analyses have been conducted. The objectives of this study were to use boosted regression tree (BRT) modeling to quantify environmental factors impacting the distribution of the shark assemblage, create species distribution maps from the model outputs, and identify spatially explicit hot spots of high shark abundance. A total of 1036 sharks were captured, encompassing eleven species. Abundance hot spots for four species and for immature sharks (collectively) were most often located in areas designated as "No Internal Combustion Engine" zones and seagrass bottom cover, suggesting these environments may be fostering more diverse and abundant populations. The BRT models were fitted for immature sharks and five species where n > 100: the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum), blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus), blacknose shark (C. acronotus), Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae), and bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo). Capture data were paired with environmental variables: depth (m), sea surface temperature (°C), surface, middle, and bottom salinity (psu), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), and bottom type (seagrass, artificial reef, or sand). Depth, temperature, and bottom type were most frequently identified as predictors with the greatest marginal effect on shark distribution, underscoring the importance of nearshore seagrass and barrier island habitats to the shark assemblage in this region. This approach demonstrates the potential contribution of unconventional science to effective management and conservation of coastal sharks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay L. Mullins
- Coastal Research and Extension CenterMississippi State UniversityBiloxiMississippiUSA
- Department of GeosciencesMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA
- Northern Gulf InstituteStarkvilleMississippiUSA
| | - J. Marcus Drymon
- Coastal Research and Extension CenterMississippi State UniversityBiloxiMississippiUSA
- Mississippi‐Alabama Sea Grant ConsortiumOcean SpringsMississippiUSA
| | - Moriah Moore
- Coastal Marine and Education Research AcademyClearwaterFloridaUSA
- Texas Parks and WildlifeDickinsonTexasUSA
| | - Adam Skarke
- Department of GeosciencesMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA
| | - Alan Moore
- Coastal Marine and Education Research AcademyClearwaterFloridaUSA
| | - John C. Rodgers
- Department of GeosciencesMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Strøm JF, Jensen JLA, Nikolopoulos A, Nordli E, Bjørn PA, Bøhn T. Sea trout Salmo trutta in the subarctic: home-bound but large variation in migratory behaviour between and within populations. J Fish Biol 2021; 99:1280-1291. [PMID: 34184272 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anadromous brown trout (sea trout), Salmo trutta, is currently in decline throughout its range, largely due to anthropogenic stressors in freshwater and marine habitats. Acoustic telmetry was utilized to study the marine migration of sea trout post-smolts from three populations in a relatively pristine subarctic fjord system. While at sea, the sea trout spent a substantial part of their time close to their natal river, preferred near shore over pelagic habitats and were strongly surface oriented. Despite a fidelity towards local areas, the sea trout utilized various parts of the fjord system, with maximum dispersion >30 km and total migration distance >300 km. Almost half of the sea trout (44%) migrated between river outlets, indicating that a metapopulation approach may be appropriate when managing neighbouring sea trout populations at high latitudes. Furthermore, the different populations displayed different migratory behaviours in terms of distance migrated, dispersion from origin and the likelihood of leaving their home area. This variation in migratory behaviour is likely influenced by spatiotemporal differences in habitat quality between sites, indicating that local habitat variations may promote population-specific behavioural responses even in relatively confined fjord systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eivind Nordli
- Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Thomas Bøhn
- Institute of Marine Research, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
López-Baucells A, Yoh N, Rocha R, Bobrowiec PED, Palmeirim JM, Meyer CFJ. Optimizing bat bioacoustic surveys in human-modified Neotropical landscapes. Ecol Appl 2021; 31:e02366. [PMID: 33938592 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades, the use of bioacoustics as a non-invasive and cost-effective sampling method has greatly increased worldwide. For bats, acoustic surveys have long been known to complement traditional mist-netting, however, appropriate protocol guidelines are still lacking for tropical regions. Establishing the minimum sampling effort needed to detect ecological changes in bat assemblages (e.g., activity, composition, and richness) is crucial in view of workload and project cost constraints, and because detecting such changes must be reliable enough to support effective conservation management. Using one of the most comprehensive tropical bat acoustic data sets, collected in the Amazon, we assessed the minimum survey effort required to accurately assess the completeness of assemblage inventories and habitat selection in fragmented forest landscapes for aerial insectivorous bats. We evaluated a combination of 20 different temporal sampling schemes, which differed regarding number of hours per night, number of nights per site, and sampling only during the wet or dry season, or both. This was assessed under two different landscape scenarios: in primary forest fragments embedded in a matrix of secondary forest and in the same forest fragments, but after they had been re-isolated through clearing of the secondary forest. We found that the sampling effort required to achieve 90% inventory completeness varied considerably depending on the research aim and the landscape scenario evaluated, averaging ~80 and 10 nights before and after fragment re-isolation, respectively. Recording for more than 4 h per night did not result in a substantial reduction in the required number of sampling nights. Regarding the effects of habitat selection, except for assemblage composition, bat responses in terms of richness, diversity, and activity were similar across all sampling schemes after fragment re-isolation. However, before re-isolation, a minimum of four to six sampling hours per night after dusk and three to five nights of sampling per site were needed to detect significant effects that could otherwise go unnoticed. Based on our results, we propose guidelines that will aid to optimize sampling protocols for bat acoustic surveys in the Neotropics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrià López-Baucells
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
- Natural Sciences Museum of Granollers, Av/Francesc Macià 51, Granollers, Catalonia, 08402, Spain
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (PDBFF), National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Natalie Yoh
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre (EERC), School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
- Durrell Institute of Conservation & Ecology (DICE), University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Rocha
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (PDBFF), National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Paulo E D Bobrowiec
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (PDBFF), National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil
| | - Jorge M Palmeirim
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Christoph F J Meyer
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (PDBFF), National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre (EERC), School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Beninato VA, Borghi CE, Andino N, Pérez MA, Giannoni SM. Effects of Tourism on the Habitat Use by a Threatened Large Rodent at a World Heritage Site. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082278. [PMID: 34438735 PMCID: PMC8388436 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The mara is a large endemic rodent, which major threats are habitat loss, hunting, and overgrazing. Maras live in arid and semiarid areas of Argentina. We studied the influence of environment variables and tourist activity on mara’s habitat use. We used different ecological approaches, from plant communities to floristic composition, in order to know at which level we can better detect the tourism effects on mara’s habitat use. We counted feces of maras as a habitat use index and recorded environmental variables along 80 samples in two plant communities, near and away-from the tourist circuit. To evaluate habitat use, we made statistical models using plant communities, plant strata, cover of trees, shrubs, and grasses, and plant species abundance as explaining factors. We detected the tourism effects on habitat use utilizing cover of trees, shrubs, and grasses, and cover of more abundant plant species, but not plant communities and plant strata, as explicative factors. Maras also selected areas with low bare soil with few pebbles on it. We found complex interactions between abiotic, biotic, and anthropic variables, studying maras’ preferred places near tourism activities, which they probably perceive as safer from predators. Abstract The mara is a large endemic rodent, which presents a marked decline in its populations, mainly because of habitat loss, hunting, and overgrazing. The Ischigualasto Provincial Park is a hyper-arid protected area at the Monte Desert of Argentina with an overall low plant cover. Our objective was to determine the influence of environmental variables and tourist activities on mara’s habitat use. We used different biological levels to explain it, from plant community to floristic composition, in order to know at which level we can better detect the effects of tourist activities. We registered fresh feces and habitat variables along 80 transects in two communities, near and far away from the tourist circuit. To evaluate habitat use, we fitted models at different biological levels: plant community, plant strata, plant biological forms, and floristic composition. At the community and plant strata levels, we could not detect any tourism effects on habitat use. However, we detected effects of tourist activities on mara’s habitat use at the plant strata and floristic composition levels. Maras also selected areas with a low proportion of both bare soil and pebbles cover. We found complex interactions between abiotic, biotic variables and tourism, studying mara’s places near tourism activities, probably because they perceive those places as predator-safe areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A. Beninato
- Centro de Investigación de la Geósfera y la Biósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina; (V.A.B.); (N.A.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Carlos E. Borghi
- Centro de Investigación de la Geósfera y la Biósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina; (V.A.B.); (N.A.); (M.A.P.)
- INTERBIODES, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina
- Correspondence: (C.E.B.); (S.M.G.)
| | - Natalia Andino
- Centro de Investigación de la Geósfera y la Biósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina; (V.A.B.); (N.A.); (M.A.P.)
- INTERBIODES, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina
| | - Mauricio A. Pérez
- Centro de Investigación de la Geósfera y la Biósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina; (V.A.B.); (N.A.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Stella M. Giannoni
- Centro de Investigación de la Geósfera y la Biósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina; (V.A.B.); (N.A.); (M.A.P.)
- INTERBIODES, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Complejo Universitario Islas Malvinas, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), Rivadavia, San Juan J5402DCS, Argentina
- Instituto y Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, España 400 (N), San Juan J5400DCS, Argentina
- Correspondence: (C.E.B.); (S.M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Plumpton HM, Silverman ED, Ross BE. Black Scoter habitat use along the southeastern coast of the United States. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:10813-10820. [PMID: 34429883 PMCID: PMC8366858 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the Atlantic Coast of the United States and Canada is a major wintering area for sea ducks, knowledge about their wintering habitat use is relatively limited. Black Scoters have a broad wintering distribution and are the only open water species of sea duck that is abundant along the southeastern coast of the United States. Our study identified variables that affected Black Scoter (Melanitta americana) distribution and abundance in the Atlantic Ocean along the southeastern coast of the United States. We used aerial survey data from 2009 to 2012 provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to identify variables that influenced Black Scoter distribution. We used indicator variable selection to evaluate relationships between Black Scoter habitat use and a variety of broad- and fine-scale oceanographic and weather variables. Average time between waves, ocean floor slope, and the interaction of bathymetry and distance to shore had the strongest association with southeastern Black Scoter distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Plumpton
- Department of Forestry and Environmental ConservationClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Emily D. Silverman
- Division of Migratory Bird ManagementU.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceLaurelMDUSA
| | - Beth E. Ross
- South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitU.S. Geological SurveyClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Beilke EA, Blakey RV, O’Keefe JM. Bats partition activity in space and time in a large, heterogeneous landscape. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:6513-6526. [PMID: 34141236 PMCID: PMC8207427 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse species assemblages theoretically partition along multiple resource axes to maintain niche separation between all species. Temporal partitioning has received less attention than spatial or dietary partitioning but may facilitate niche separation when species overlap along other resource axes. We conducted a broad-scale acoustic study of the diverse and heterogeneous Great Smoky Mountains National Park in the Appalachian Mountains. Between 2015 and 2016, we deployed acoustic bat detectors at 50 sites (for a total of 322 survey nights). We examined spatiotemporal patterns of bat activity (by phonic group: Low, Mid, and Myotis) to test the hypothesis that bats partition both space and time. Myotis and Low bats were the most spatially and temporally dissimilar, while Mid bats were more general in their resource use. Low bats were active in early successional openings or low-elevation forests, near water, and early in the evening. Mid bats were similarly active in all land cover classes, regardless of distance from water, throughout the night. Myotis avoided early successional openings and were active in forested land cover classes, near water, and throughout the night. Myotis and Mid bats did not alter their spatial activity patterns from 2015 to 2016, while Low bats did. We observed disparate temporal activity peaks between phonic groups that varied between years and by land cover class. The temporal separation between phonic groups relaxed from 2015 to 2016, possibly related to changes in the relative abundance of bats or changes in insect abundance or diversity. Temporal separation was more pronounced in the land cover classes that saw greater overall bat activity. These findings support the hypothesis that niche separation in diverse assemblages may occur along multiple resource axes and adds to the growing body of evidence that bats partition their temporal activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Beilke
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
- Center for Bat Research, Outreach, and ConservationIndiana State UniversityTerre HauteINUSA
| | - Rachel V. Blakey
- La Kretz Center for California Conservation ScienceInstitute of the Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Joy M. O’Keefe
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
- Center for Bat Research, Outreach, and ConservationIndiana State UniversityTerre HauteINUSA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lin YJ, Rabaoui L, Maneja RH, Pulikkoden ARK, Premlal P, Nazeer Z, Qurban MA, Abdulkader K, Prihartato PK, Qasem AM, Fita N, Roa-Ureta RH. Strengths and weaknesses in the long-term sustainability of two sympatric seabreams (Argyrops spinifer and Rhabdosargus haffara, Sparidae). J Fish Biol 2021; 98:1329-1341. [PMID: 33443303 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Argyrops spinifer and Rhabdosargus haffara are two sympatric seabream species making important contributions to fisheries landings in the western Arabian/Persian Gulf. We identified the strengths and weaknesses in the long-term sustainability of A. spinifer and R. haffara stocks by integrating multiple sources of data, including fisheries catch and effort statistics, life history traits, scientific trawl surveys and historical length frequency distribution. Four strengths were identified in A. spinifer: wide distribution of juveniles, positive association to the network of de facto fishing exclusion areas created by hundreds of oil-gas facilities, early maturation and the existence of large and old individuals. A. spinifer suffers from two potential weaknesses: slow growth rate and higher exploitation pressure on the small-sized individuals. R. haffara, on the other hand, has a strength of having a short life span and a fast growth rate, characteristics that make it robust to unfavourable conditions. R. haffara suffers from two weaknesses: the lack of association to the oil and gas facilities, and the preference for nearshore shallow waters with stronger negative anthropogenic impacts. Identified strengths and weaknesses of these two sparids provided a preliminary assessment about their long-term sustainability, as well as a roadmap about how to develop different management strategies to meet specific objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Lin
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Rabaoui
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rommel H Maneja
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdu Rahiman Kambrath Pulikkoden
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Panickan Premlal
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Nazeer
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Qurban
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Abdulkader
- Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Perdana K Prihartato
- Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Qasem
- Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Fita
- Fisheries Department, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Qatif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruben H Roa-Ureta
- Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pyrzanowski K, Zięba G, Leszczyńska J, Adamczuk M, Dukowska M, Przybylski M. Food resource partitioning between juvenile and mature weatherfish Misgurnus fossilis. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:4460-4469. [PMID: 33976822 PMCID: PMC8093735 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study represents a description of the diet composition of one of the largest European cobitids, the weatherfish Misgurnus fossilis. Specimens were collected in a drainage canal, representing a typical habitat for weatherfish, and with gut content analysis conducted with regard to individual total length and maturity stage. Overall, the weatherfish diet mainly consisted of Copepoda, Cladocera, Ostracoda, Oligochaeta, Asellus aquaticus, Chironomidae and Coleoptera larvae, Gastropoda, and detritus. To evaluate size-related patterns of resource use, fish were assigned to two size classes, defined according to size at first maturation. ANOSIM analyses revealed major ontogenetic shifts in feeding strategy, which were related to size and maturity, with a significant ontogenetic shift in feeding pattern, marked by differences in the proportions of the main taxonomic groups of prey consumed. Copepoda and Cladocera dominated in the diet of small and immature individuals, while large weatherfish primarily fed on detritus. Similarly, cluster analysis of diet classified into these food types showed distinct two groups comprising juvenile and mature fish. The weatherfish is a food opportunist using all available resources, but spatially showed a change in feeding sites. Smaller and sexually immature individuals more often use prey caught in the water column and among macrophytes, while larger (sexually mature) individuals occupying the bottom, much more often use detritus as a food base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Pyrzanowski
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Grzegorz Zięba
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Joanna Leszczyńska
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Małgorzata Adamczuk
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of EcosystemsFaculty of Environmental BiologyUniversity of Life Sciences in LublinLublinPoland
| | - Małgorzata Dukowska
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Mirosław Przybylski
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wolf JF, Kriss KD, MacAulay KM, Munro K, Patterson BR, Shafer ABA. Gut microbiome composition predicts summer core range size in two divergent ungulates. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6174673. [PMID: 33729507 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome of animals vary by age, diet, and habitat, and directly influences an individual's health. Similarly, variation in home ranges is linked to feeding strategies and fitness. Ungulates (hooved mammals) exhibit species-specific microbiomes and habitat use patterns. We combined gut microbiome and movement data to assess relationships between space use and the gut microbiome in a specialist and a generalist ungulate. We GPS radiocollared 24 mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) and 34 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), collected fecal samples, and conducted high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We generated gut diversity metrics and key bacterial ratios. Our research question centred around the idea that larger Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios confer body size or fat advantages that allow for larger home ranges, and relationships of disproportionate habitat use are stronger in the habitat specialist mountain goat. Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios were positively correlated with core range area in both species. Mountain goats exhibited a negative relationship between gut diversity and proportional use of treed areas and escape terrain, and no relationships were detected in the habitat generalist white-tailed deer. This is the first study to relate range size to the gut microbiome in wild ungulates and is an important proof of concept that advances the information that can be gleaned from non-invasive sampling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse F Wolf
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Krystal D Kriss
- Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, and Rural Development, 3726 Alfred Avenue, Smithers, British Columbia V0J 2N0, Canada
| | - Kara M MacAulay
- Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, and Rural Development, 3726 Alfred Avenue, Smithers, British Columbia V0J 2N0, Canada
| | - Keith Munro
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada.,Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters, 4601 Guthrie Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 8L5, Canada
| | - Brent R Patterson
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada.,Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Aaron B A Shafer
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada.,Forensic Science Program, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Freitas C, Villegas-Ríos D, Moland E, Olsen EM. Sea temperature effects on depth use and habitat selection in a marine fish community. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1787-1800. [PMID: 33844859 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the responses of aquatic animals to temperature variability is essential to predict impacts of future climate change and to inform conservation and management. Most ectotherms such as fish are expected to adjust their behaviour to avoid extreme temperatures and minimize acute changes in body temperature. In coastal Skagerrak, Norway, sea surface temperature (SST) ranges seasonally from 0 to over 20°C, representing a challenge to the fish community which includes cold-, cool- and warm-water affinity species. By acoustically tracking 111 individuals of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, pollack Pollachius pollachius and ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta in 2015-2018, we examined how coexisting species within a fish community adjusted their behaviour (i.e. vertical distribution in the water column and habitat selection) to cope with the thermal variation. Mixed-effect models showed that thermal preference was a main driver of behaviour and habitat use of the fish community in a southern Norwegian fjord. Cod used colder waters, compared with pollack and ballan wrasse. Increases in SST during summer were associated with the use of deeper, colder waters by cod, especially by larger individuals, and conversely with the occupancy of shallower areas by pollack and ballan wrasse. During winter, when SST dropped and the thermal stratification reversed, pollack and ballan wrasse moved to deeper, relatively warmer areas, while cod selected shallower, colder habitats. Although habitat selection was affected by temperature, species-specific habitat selection was observed even when temperature was similar throughout habitats. This study shows how cohabiting fish species respond to thermal heterogeneity, suggesting that (a) temperature regulates the access to the different depths and habitats and (b) behavioural plasticity may be an important factor for coping with temperature variability and potentially for adaptation to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Freitas
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen, His, Norway.,Marine and Environmental Sciences Center (MARE), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - David Villegas-Ríos
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (CSIC-UiB), Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Even Moland
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen, His, Norway.,Centre for Coastal Research (CCR), Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Esben Moland Olsen
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen, His, Norway.,Centre for Coastal Research (CCR), Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Suscke P, Presotto A, Izar P. The role of hunting on Sapajus xanthosternos' landscape of fear in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23243. [PMID: 33755228 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Habitats with spatial variation in food availability, predation risk, and hunting pressure allow us to study how animals resolve the trade-off between food searching and predator avoidance. We investigated the influence of food availability, predation risk, and the perceived predation risk on habitat use by a primate living under high hunting pressure, the yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys, Sapajus xanthosternos, at Una Biological Reserve (ReBio Una). We hypothesized that the hunting pressure occurring in the capuchins' home range would favor predator avoidance to the detriment of searching for food. We characterized a set of covariates related to resource availability (fruit and invertebrate biomasses, feeding on dispersed and clumped food items, sleeping sites), perceived predation risk (alarm calls given to terrestrial and aerial predators, silent group movement, and vigilance behavior), and actual predation risk (evidence of hunting) and estimated their effects on how one group of capuchin monkeys uses its habitat. The group divides its time among three major forest types within their home range: agroforest, mature, and secondary. Our results suggest that the actual and perceived risk of hunting by humans, as well as the perceived predation risk by both terrestrial and aerial predators, were significant determinants of capuchin monkeys' space use. Yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys' space use was negatively related to the risk of hunting by humans (actual evidence and silent behavior), the perceived risk of predation by both aerial and terrestrial predators, and the presence of sleeping sites. Capuchin monkeys' use of space was not related to the biomass of fruits in the habitat, and the biomass of invertebrates had a very low positive effect. We confirmed our prediction that in a habitat with high hunting pressure, the risk of predation, both perceived and actual, had a more significant impact on how yellow-breasted capuchins used space than did food availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Suscke
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Presotto
- Department of Geography and Geosciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrícia Izar
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Giroux A, Ortega Z, Bertassoni A, Desbiez ALJ, Kluyber D, Massocato GF, DE Miranda G, Mourão G, Surita L, Attias N, Bianchi RDC, Gasparotto VPDO, Oliveira-Santos LGR. The role of environmental temperature on movement patterns of giant anteaters. Integr Zool 2021; 17:285-296. [PMID: 33738919 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammals can show conspicuous behavioral responses to thermal variation, including changes in movement patterns. We used an integrative approach to understand how environmental temperature can drive the movement behavior of a mammal with low capacity for physiological thermoregulation, the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). We tracked 52 giant anteaters in 7 areas throughout the Brazilian savannah. We estimated the distance moved, area used, use of forest areas, and mean environmental temperature for each monitoring day of each individual. We modeled these data with Mixed Structural Equations - considering the possible interactions between our variables and controlling for sex and body mass. Giant anteaters reduced displacement and increased forest use with decreasing environmental temperature, probably because of their low body heat production. It is possible that they reduce distance moved and area used by reducing the duration of activity. With decreasing temperature, forest habitats become warmer than open ones, besides buffer rain and chilly winds. Reducing displacement and using forests are important strategies to reduce body heat loss and the energetic costs of thermoregulation. However, decreasing movement can limit food access and, consequently, fitness. Therefore, we highlight the importance of forests as thermal shelters. With increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, we showed the need to preserve forest patches to offer suitable conditions for tropical mammals' behavioral thermoregulation. In this context, policies favoring deforestation on Brazilian territory are especially worrisome. Finally, we emphasize the need of integrative approaches to understand the complex interactions between organisms and the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Giroux
- Ecology Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Zaida Ortega
- Ecology Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bertassoni
- Post Graduate Program of Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.,Institute of Research and Conservation of Anteaters in Brazil (PROJETO TAMANDUÁ), Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Arnaud Léonard Jean Desbiez
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS), Murrayfield, Edinburgh, UK.,Institute for Ecological Research (IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Kluyber
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Institute for Ecological Research (IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens, Naples, Florida, USA
| | - Gabriel Favero Massocato
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Institute for Ecological Research (IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,The Houston Zoo, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Luciana Surita
- Natural Resources Graduate Program (PRONAT) - Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil
| | - Nina Attias
- Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Animal Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Bianchi
- Animal Biology Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Peron de Oliveira Gasparotto
- Institute of Research and Conservation of Anteaters in Brazil (PROJETO TAMANDUÁ), Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Institute for Conservation Medicine (TRÍADE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang Y, Chen M, Chen M, Han Y, Hao Y, Wang K, Mei Z, Wang D. Community-based population monitoring for large baleen whales: the case study of Bryde's whale in Beibu Gulf of China. Integr Zool 2021; 16:626-635. [PMID: 33559924 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Citizen science is a popular method for the long-term monitoring of the distribution of wild animals. The application of these methods in different species and environments still poses challenges, especially for aquatic animals. In this study, we investigated the distribution of the Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera edeni) in the Beibu Gulf of China by using scientific boat-based surveys and citizen science approaches using 2 different methods of data collection. First, we built our mobile app (Whale Guard) and installed it on fishermen's phones. Second, we used a popular instant messaging app (WeChat) to create an online fisherman community. We found that the mobile phone app collected far fewer reports (5 reports) than the online community group (42 reports, P < 0.01). By using a variety of incentives, we maintained the fisherman's community's activity without significant user loss (P < 0.01). We also found that the locations collected by social media applications in this study were consistent with observations from scientific boat-based transect surveys. The sightings distribution of Bryde's whales differed from those in previous surveys in that they were present across larger areas. Social media apps reported that 69% of reports was confirmed by more than one person, whereas Whale Guard reports were much lower (0, P <0.001). Community-based citizen science can greatly contribute to the long-term monitoring of Bryde's whales, and it has successfully overcome the challenges of data accessibility, accuracy, and fragmentation. Our study shows how to appropriately use citizen science in different community groups and community-based approaches make them useful for large baleen whale surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kexiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Noda T, Wada T, Mitamura H, Kume M, Komaki T, Fujita T, Sato T, Narita K, Yamada M, Matsumoto A, Hori T, Takagi J, Kutzer A, Arai N, Yamashita Y. Migration, residency and habitat utilisation by wild and cultured Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) in a shallow brackish lagoon and inflowing rivers using acoustic telemetry. J Fish Biol 2021; 98:507-525. [PMID: 33070333 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study monitored post-release movements of 20 wild Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) [mean ± S.D. 520.8 ± 92.3 mm total length (TL), 217.9 ± 146.3 g body mass (BM)] in a brackish water lagoon in northeastern Japan using acoustic telemetry to elucidate how wild Japanese eels use different river, estuary and marine environments. In addition, 12 cultured Japanese eels (TL = 578.9 ± 18.0 mm, BM = 344.9 ± 25.5 g) were released to understand the comparative behaviours of wild and cultured eels. Both types of eels were simultaneously released in the southern inner part of the lagoon in September 2016 where there are freshwater influences from a river. Following release, eight of the wild eels (40%) were largely sedentary near the released point (river mouth) and stayed at the site for overwinter. Nonetheless, several individuals showed behavioural plasticity of habitat use: three wild eels moved towards the northern part of the lagoon with stronger influence from the sea during May-July 2017. Two wild eels showed clear repeated movements from the lagoon to a river at night and returned to the lagoon by dawn for more than a week every day, and one wild eel migrated upstream for overwintering. Signals from 55% of the wild eels could be detected for more than 6 months, whereas those from all of the cultured eels were lost by December 2016, indicating a short resident time of large cultured eels (BM > 200 g) released in a brackish water area. One wild silver eel migrated to the outer sea during the ebb tide at night in November 2016, probably triggered by the decrease in water temperature (from c. 20°C to c. 13°C), and seven cultured eels similarly moved to the outer sea during October-November 2016. The results revealed the similarities (e.g., nocturnal movements) and differences (e.g., stay period and seasonal movements) in the behavioural characteristics of wild and cultured eels and indicated that habitat connectivity among river, estuary and coastal waters is crucial for enabling eels to efficiently utilise these productive habitats through their behavioural plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Noda
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Wada
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Mitamura
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Kume
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuhei Komaki
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Fujita
- Fukushima Prefectural Fisheries and Marine Science Research Centre, Iwaki, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Sato
- Fukushima Prefectural Inland Water Fisheries Experimental Station, Inawashiro, Japan
| | - Kaoru Narita
- Fishery Division of the Fukushima Prefectural Government, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamada
- Fukushima Prefectural Research Institute of Fisheries Resources, Soma, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Soma Branch, Fishery Office of the Fukushima Prefectural Government, Soma, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hori
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - Alisa Kutzer
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Arai
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki, Japan
| | - Yoh Yamashita
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The role that the environment plays in vector-borne parasite infection is one of the central factors for understanding disease dynamics. We assessed how Neotropical bird foraging strata and habitat preferences determine infection by parasites of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, and Trypanosoma and filarioids, and tested for phylogenetic signal in these host-parasite associations. We performed extensive searches of the scientific literature and created a database of hemoparasite surveys. We collected data on host body mass, foraging strata, habitat preference, and migratory status, and tested if host ecological traits predict each hemoparasite occurrence and prevalence using a phylogenetic Bayesian framework. Species of Plasmodium tend to infect birds from tropical forests while birds from altitudinal environments are likely to be infected by species of Leucocytozoon. The probability of a bird being infected by filarioid or Trypanosoma is higher in lowland forests. Bird species that occur in anthropic environments and dry habitats of tropical latitudes are more susceptible to infection by species of Haemoproteus. Host foraging strata is also influential and bird species that forage in the mid-high and canopy strata are more prone to infection by species of Haemoproteus and filarioids. We also identified phylogenetic signal for host-parasite associations with the probability of infection of Neotropical birds by any hemoparasite being more similar among more closely related species. We provided a useful framework to identify environments that correlate with hemoparasite infection, which is also helpful for detecting areas with potential suitability for hemoparasite infection due to land conversion and climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Massaccesi DE LA Torre
- Biological Interactions, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Karla Magalhães Campião
- Biological Interactions, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Drymon JM, Schweiss KE, Seubert EA, Lehman RN, Daly‐Engel TS, Pfleger M, Phillips NM. Swimming against the flow-Environmental DNA can detect bull sharks ( Carcharhinus leucas) across a dynamic deltaic interface. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:22-28. [PMID: 33437412 PMCID: PMC7790648 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human activities in coastal areas are accelerating ecosystem changes at an unprecedented pace, resulting in habitat loss, hydrological modifications, and predatory species declines. Understanding how these changes potentially cascade across marine and freshwater ecosystems requires knowing how mobile euryhaline species link these seemingly disparate systems. As upper trophic level predators, bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) play a crucial role in marine and freshwater ecosystem health. Telemetry studies in Mobile Bay, Alabama, suggest that bull sharks extensively use the northern portions of the bay, an estuarine-freshwater interface known as the Mobile-Tensaw Delta. To assess whether bull sharks use freshwater habitats in this region, environmental DNA surveys were conducted during the dry summer and wet winter seasons in 2018. In each season, 5 × 1 L water samples were collected at each of 21 sites: five sites in Mobile Bay, six sites in the Mobile-Tensaw Delta, and ten sites throughout the Mobile-Tombigbee and Tensaw-Alabama Rivers. Water samples were vacuum-filtered, DNA extractions were performed on the particulate, and DNA extracts were analyzed with Droplet Digital™ Polymerase Chain Reaction using species-specific primers and an internal probe to amplify a 237-base pair fragment of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene in bull sharks. One water sample collected during the summer in the Alabama River met the criteria for a positive detection, thereby confirming the presence of bull shark DNA. While preliminary, this finding suggests that bull sharks use less-urbanized, riverine habitats up to 120 km upriver during Alabama's dry summer season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Marcus Drymon
- Coastal Research and Extension CenterMississippi State UniversityBiloxiMSUSA
- Mississippi‐Alabama Sea Grant ConsortiumOcean SpringsMSUSA
| | - Katherine E. Schweiss
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth SciencesThe University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMSUSA
| | - Emily A. Seubert
- Coastal Research and Extension CenterMississippi State UniversityBiloxiMSUSA
| | - Ryan N. Lehman
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth SciencesThe University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMSUSA
| | - Toby S. Daly‐Engel
- Department of Ocean Engineering and Marine SciencesFlorida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFLUSA
| | | | - Nicole M. Phillips
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth SciencesThe University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMSUSA
| |
Collapse
|