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Pal S, Sharma D, Yadav NP. Plant leads for mitigation of oral submucous fibrosis: Current scenario and future prospect. Oral Dis 2024; 30:80-99. [PMID: 36565439 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to enumerate medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds that may become potential leads in the mitigation of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) in the forthcoming future. It is focused on pathophysiology, risk factors, current treatment regimen, potential plant leads, and future therapies for OSMF. Data were extracted from a vast literature survey by using SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed search engines with relevant keywords. Upon literature survey, we found that the phytochemical 'arecoline' present in the areca nut is the main causative agent of OSMF condition. Currently, OSMF is treated by immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids, enzymes (hyaluronidase, chymotrypsin, and collagenase), anti-inflammatory mediators (isoxsuprine and pentoxifylline), dietary supplements (vitamins, antioxidants, and micronutrients), and anti-fibrotic cytokines like interferon-gamma that provides short-term symptomatic relief to OSMF patients. However, some plant leads have been proven effective in alleviating symptoms and mitigating OSMF, which ultimately improves the quality of OSMF patients' life. We concluded that plant drugs like lycopene, curcumin, Aloe vera, colchicine, and Glycyrrhiza glabra are effective against OSMF in various in vitro and/or clinical studies and are being used by modern and traditional practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Pal
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Disha Sharma
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Narayan Prasad Yadav
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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2
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Joseph JM, Hillengass J, Tang L, Lesokhin AM, Landgren O, Usmani SZ, Moysich KB, McCann SE, Shah UA. Dietary risk factors for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in a racially diverse population. Blood Adv 2024; 8:538-548. [PMID: 38055924 PMCID: PMC10835229 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor of multiple myeloma, is associated with shorter lifespan and cardiac, renal, neurologic, and immune-related comorbidities. There is little known about modifiable risk factors for this condition. To determine whether the risk of MGUS is associated with dietary factors in a racially diverse population, we conducted a US population-based case-control study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-2004), which included 373 individuals with MGUS and 1406 matched controls. Diet was characterized by one 24-hour dietary recall, with gram intake of individual foods and beverages aggregated into groups. Unconditional multivariable logistic regressions were used to model associations between intake of several food groups and MGUS, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported for the highest relative to the lowest quantile of intake. Daily gram intake of several food and beverage groups were significantly associated with MGUS. MGUS was inversely associated with whole-grain bread, oats, and rice (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.48-1.00; P < .05), fruits (excluding juice) and vegetables (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.93; P = .02), vegetables (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.56-0.99; P < .05), tomatoes (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.51-1.00; P < .05), and cruciferous vegetables (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26-0.74; P < .01). Direct associations were observed for sugar-sweetened beverages (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.00-1.78; P < .05), sugar-sweetened soft drinks (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.96; P = .04), and artificially sweetened soft drinks (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.04-2.33; P = .03). Our study shows that diet is potentially a modifiable risk factor for MGUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M. Joseph
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jens Hillengass
- Myeloma Section, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Alexander M. Lesokhin
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ola Landgren
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Saad Z. Usmani
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Susan E. McCann
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Urvi A. Shah
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Zhang Q, Yang C, Gao X, Dong J, Zhong C. Phytochemicals in regulating PD-1/PD-L1 and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:776-796. [PMID: 38050789 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical treatment and preclinical studies have highlighted the role of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment. Research has been devoted to developing immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with other drugs to achieve better efficacy or reduce adverse effects. Phytochemicals sourced from vegetables and fruits have demonstrated antiproliferative, proapoptotic, anti-migratory, and antiangiogenic effects against several cancers. Phytochemicals also modulate the tumor microenvironment such as T cells, regulatory T cells, and cytokines. Recently, several phytochemicals have been reported to modulate immune checkpoint proteins in in vivo or in vitro models. Phytochemicals decreased programmed cell death ligand-1 expression and synergized programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody to suppress tumor growth. Combined administration of phytochemicals and PD-1 monoclonal antibody enhanced the tumor growth inhibition as well as CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell infiltration. In this review, we discuss immune checkpoint molecules as potential therapeutic targets of cancers. We further assess the impact of phytochemicals including carotenoids, polyphenols, saponins, and organosulfur compounds on cancer PD-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 immune checkpoint molecules and document their combination effects with immune checkpoint inhibitors on various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenying Yang
- Yinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingsu Gao
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ju Dong
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Han W, Zhang W, Ren X. Not all carotenoids can reduce the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:51. [PMID: 38287248 PMCID: PMC10823639 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is characterized by high invasiveness, heterogeneity, and late diagnosis, leading to high incidence and mortality rates. It is a significant public health concern globally. Early prevention is crucial in reducing the occurrence of gastric cancer, and dietary prevention, particularly focusing on carotenoids, has been considered a convenient and effective approach. However, the association between carotenoid intake and gastric cancer incidence remains controversial. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception to January 5, 2023. Two reviewers independently screened search results, extracted relevant data, and evaluated study quality. Statistical analysis was performed using the "metan" command in STATA 16 software. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were chosen based on the magnitude of heterogeneity among studies. RESULTS This study included a total of 35 publications, consisting of 23 case-control studies and 12 cohort studies. Meta-analysis of case-control studies showed that alpha-carotene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.92), beta-carotene (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.53-0.72), and lutein (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.97) significantly reduced the risk of gastric cancer, while beta-cryptoxanthin (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.75-1.04) and lycopene (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.73-1.00) showed no significant correlation. Meta-analysis of cohort studies indicated no significant associations between any of the five carotenoids and gastric cancer incidence (alpha-carotene: RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.23; beta-carotene: RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.64-1.16; beta-cryptoxanthin: RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.64-1.16; lutein: RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.69-1.29; lycopene: RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.69-1.14). CONCLUSIONS The relationship between carotenoids and gastric cancer incidence may vary depending on the type of study conducted. Considering that evidence from cohort studies is generally considered stronger than evidence from case-control studies, and high-quality randomized controlled trials show no significant association between carotenoids and gastric cancer incidence, current evidence does not support the supplementation of carotenoids for gastric cancer prevention. Further targeted research is needed to explore the association between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuan Ren
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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Chunarkar-Patil P, Kaleem M, Mishra R, Ray S, Ahmad A, Verma D, Bhayye S, Dubey R, Singh HN, Kumar S. Anticancer Drug Discovery Based on Natural Products: From Computational Approaches to Clinical Studies. Biomedicines 2024; 12:201. [PMID: 38255306 PMCID: PMC10813144 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, malignancies cause one out of six mortalities, which is a serious health problem. Cancer therapy has always been challenging, apart from major advances in immunotherapies, stem cell transplantation, targeted therapies, hormonal therapies, precision medicine, and palliative care, and traditional therapies such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Natural products are integral to the development of innovative anticancer drugs in cancer research, offering the scientific community the possibility of exploring novel natural compounds against cancers. The role of natural products like Vincristine and Vinblastine has been thoroughly implicated in the management of leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. The computational method is the initial key approach in drug discovery, among various approaches. This review investigates the synergy between natural products and computational techniques, and highlights their significance in the drug discovery process. The transition from computational to experimental validation has been highlighted through in vitro and in vivo studies, with examples such as betulinic acid and withaferin A. The path toward therapeutic applications have been demonstrated through clinical studies of compounds such as silvestrol and artemisinin, from preclinical investigations to clinical trials. This article also addresses the challenges and limitations in the development of natural products as potential anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the integration of deep learning and artificial intelligence with traditional computational drug discovery methods may be useful for enhancing the anticancer potential of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritee Chunarkar-Patil
- Department of Bioinformatics, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune 411046, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Dadasaheb Balpande, College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Computer Engineering, Parul University, Ta. Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India;
| | - Subhasree Ray
- Department of Life Science, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Health Information Technology Department, The Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacovigilance and Medication Safety Unit, Center of Research Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Devvret Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarkhand, India;
| | - Sagar Bhayye
- Department of Bioinformatics, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune 411046, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Himanshu Narayan Singh
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biological and Bio-Computational Lab, Department of Life Science, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shitanaka T, Fujioka H, Khan M, Kaur M, Du ZY, Khanal SK. Recent advances in microalgal production, harvesting, prediction, optimization, and control strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 391:129924. [PMID: 37925082 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The market value of microalgae has grown exponentially over the past two decades, due to their use in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and aquatic/animal feed industries. In particular, high-value products such as omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and pigments derived from microalgae have high demand. However, the supply of these high-value microalgal bioproducts is hampered by several critical factors, including low biomass and bioproduct yields, inefficiencies in monitoring microalgal growth, and costly harvesting methods. To overcome these constraints, strategies such as synthetic biology, bubble generation, photobioreactor designs, electro-/magnetic-/bioflocculation, and artificial intelligence integration in microalgal production are being explored. These strategies have significant promise in improving the production of microalgae, which will further boost market availability of algal-derived bioproducts. This review focuses on the recent advances in these technologies. Furthermore, this review aims to provide a critical analysis of the challenges in existing algae bioprocessing methods, and highlights future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Shitanaka
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Haylee Fujioka
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Muzammil Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Zhi-Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
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7
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More SB, Mohan M, Kulkarni P, Ahire KC. Lycopene attenuates silver nanoparticle-induced liver injury in albino mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23500. [PMID: 37555715 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene is a carotenoid widely used for its dominant antioxidant properties and beneficial health effects. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have gained attention for use in many medicinal and consumer products, leading to animal, human, and environmental exposure. This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of lycopene on AgNP-induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice. The four experimental groups, comprising eight albino mice each, were as follows: Group I, vehicle control (C); Group II, AgNP-treated (5 mg/kg/day) (AgNP); Group III, AgNP/lycopene-treated (5 + 10 mg/kg/day) (AgNP + LP10); and Group IV, AgNP/lycopene-treated (5 + 100 mg/kg/day) (AgNP + LP100). All solutions were orally administered to the mice once in a day for consecutive 14 days. The levels of serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin were significantly higher in the AgNP-treated group than in the control group but significantly lower in the AgNP + LP100 group than in the AgNP-treated group. A significant decrease in reduced glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity and an increase in lipid peroxidation were observed in the AgNP-treated group; these were significantly suppressed in the AgNP+LP100 as compared to AgNP-treated group. Histopathological examination showed substantial morphological alterations in hepatic tissues in the AgNP, which were adequately improved in the low and high dose lycopene-treated groups. The dose of 100 mg/kg/day of lycopene was more effective than 10 mg/kg/day, as pretreatment with high dose lycopene significantly diminished the adverse changes occurred due to AgNP in liver weight, hepatic architecture, serum functional markers, and antioxidant markers. Thus, present study shows that pretreatment with lycopene offers protection against AgNP-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal B More
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV Pharmacy College, Nashik, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Mohan
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV Pharmacy College, Nashik, India
| | - Prayrna Kulkarni
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Kedar C Ahire
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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Kaltsas A. Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: The Protective Role of Antioxidants. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1769. [PMID: 37893487 PMCID: PMC10608597 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a significant factor in male infertility, compromising sperm function and overall reproductive health. As male infertility garners increasing attention, effective therapeutic interventions become paramount. This review investigates the therapeutic role of antioxidants in addressing male infertility. A detailed examination was conducted on antioxidants such as vitamin C, E, B12, D, coenzyme Q10, zinc, folic acid, selenium, l-carnitine, l-arginine, inositols, and alpha-lipoic acid. This analysis examines the methodologies, outcomes, and constraints of current clinical studies. Antioxidants show notable potential in counteracting the negative effects of oxidative stress on sperm. Based on the evidence, these antioxidants, individually or synergistically, can enhance sperm health and reproductive outcomes. However, certain limitations in the studies call for careful interpretation. Antioxidants are integral in tackling male infertility attributed to oxidative stress. The current findings underscore their therapeutic value, yet there's a pressing need for deeper, comprehensive research. Future studies should focus on refining dosage guidelines, identifying potential side effects, and discerning the most efficacious antioxidant combinations for male infertility solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Kaltsas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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9
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Ismail RF, Hamed M, Sayed AEDH. Lycopene supplementation: effects on oxidative stress, sex hormones, gonads and thyroid tissue in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus during Harness ® exposure. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1237159. [PMID: 37637141 PMCID: PMC10454902 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1237159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Harness® is a commercial herbicide that contains acetochlor at a concentration of 84% as an active ingredient. Ubiquitous, persistent, and substantial uses of Harness® in agricultural processes have resulted in the pollution of nearby water sources, posing a threat to various aquatic biotas, including fish. The effects of Harness® toxicity on fish health are little known. So, this study aimed to describe the impact of herbicide Harness® on the oxidative stress and reproductive and thyroid performance of male and female tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and also investigate the prospective role of the natural antioxidant lycopene supplementation in dismissing the adverse properties of Harness®. Antioxidant enzyme (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity) and hormone measurements (T, E2, T3, and T4) were carried out, and gonadal and thyroid follicle histological sections were examined as a method to investigate the effects of Harness® toxicity on fish. Male and female tilapia were exposed to 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L of Harness® and treated with 10 mg lycopene/kg for 15 days of exposure. Our results demonstrated that the antioxidant enzyme activity was altered by Harness exposure and serum T for both males and females dropped; also, female E2 levels decreased, but male E2 increased. Exposure to higher dose of Harness® induced elevation in both T3 and T4 levels, although the low exposure dose stimulated T4 levels. Harness® exposure prompted histological variations and degenerative changes in testicular, ovarian, and thyroid follicle tissues. Lycopene supplement administration diminished oxidative stress induced by Harness®, alleviating its endocrine disparaging effects by neutralizing T3, T4, T, and E2 and ameliorating the histological structure of gonadal and thyroid tissues. In conclusion, lycopene supplementation was preformed to normalize the alterations and oxidative damage caused by Harness® in Nile tilapia, suggesting that lycopene-supplemented diet functioned as potent antioxidants and had the ability to alleviate oxidative stress and thyroid and reproductive toxicity caused by herbicide Harness®. Moreover, it is crucial to take appropriate care when consuming herbicides to defend the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F. Ismail
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut branch), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Molecular Biology Research and Studies Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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10
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Hidayat DF, Mahendra MYN, Kamaludeen J, Pertiwi H. Lycopene in Feed as Antioxidant and Immuno-Modulator Improves Broiler Chicken's Performance under Heat-Stress Conditions. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:5418081. [PMID: 37426426 PMCID: PMC10325881 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5418081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a type of carotenoid pigment widely distributed in various plants and fruits, with tomatoes, carrots, and guava being the most abundant sources. Due to its high content of beneficial active components, lycopene has been used in medicine, where it is employed as a dietary additive for cancer therapy, immune modulator, and feed additive to improve livestock productivity. Lycopene is a lipophilic substance that can act as either a prooxidant or a free radical scavenger and is particularly efficient in enhancing broiler performance. Furthermore, lycopene can alleviate heat stress by improving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT), as well as increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and nuclear muscle factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while simultaneously reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and muscle Keap1 expression. In addition, lycopene can improve broiler fertility by enhancing sperm performance and reducing inflammation by modulating the levels of interleukin 1, 2, and 10 (IL-1, IL-2, and IL-10) in cases of infection. In cases of disease by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), lycopene can modulate interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1, claudin-1 (CLDN-1), and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, under the lipopolysaccharide challenge, lycopene can increase the relative weights of immune organ indices such as the bursal, spleen, and thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Fadhila Hidayat
- Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Juriah Kamaludeen
- Department of Animal Science and Fishery, University Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Serawak Campus, Nyabau Road 97008, Serawak, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Herinda Pertiwi
- Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Li S, Xie J, Zhang D, Zhao G, Bai Y, Li K, Li X, Li Q, Tang X, Ge X. Lycopene abolishes typical polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs)-induced hepatic injury in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco): Involvement of ROS/PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108897. [PMID: 37301309 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are being more contaminated with polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs), which raising concerns about their impact on aquatic organisms. Lycopene (LYC) exhibits several beneficial properties for fish via enhance antioxidant defenses and improve immunity. In this study, we attempted to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of typical PHCZs 3, 6-dichlorocarbazole (3,6-DCCZ) and the protective mechanisms of LYC. In this study, we found that yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) exposure to 3,6-DCCZ (1.2 mg/L) resulted in hepatic inflammatory infiltration and disordered hepatocyte arrangement. Besides, we observed that 3,6-DCCZ exposure resulted in hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and excessive autophagosome accumulation, accompanied with inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Subsequently, we confirmed that 3,6-DCCZ exposure triggered hepatic uncontrolled inflammatory response via activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, along with decreased plasma complement C3 (C3) and complement C4 (C4) levels. Meanwhile, yellow catfish exposed to 3,6-DCCZ exhibit an increased hepatic apoptosis phenomenon, as evidenced by the elevated number of positive TUNEL cells and upregulated expression of caspase3 and cytochrome C (CytC). In contrast, LYC treatment could alleviate the 3,6-DCCZ-induced pathological changes, hepatic ROS accumulation, autophagy, inflammatory response and apoptosis. To sum up, this study provided the demonstration that LYC exerts hepatoprotective effects to alleviate 3,6-DCCZ-induced liver damage by inihibiting ROS/PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling in yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Xie
- Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 130013, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 130013, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yiang Bai
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Keman Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xinlian Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Ge
- Jilin People's Hospital, Jilin, 130013, Jilin Province, PR China.
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Li Y, Xiong B, Miao Y, Gao Q. Silibinin supplementation ameliorates the toxic effects of butyl benzyl phthalate on porcine oocytes by eliminating oxidative stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121734. [PMID: 37120001 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) is a common environmental pollutant, it is high in paints, adhesives and other decorative materials, food packaging bags, cleaning agents, is a plasticizer is very widely used in daily life. However, it remains unknown whether BBP causes damage to oocytes cultured in vitro and whether there is an effective rescue strategy. Here, we evaluated the effects of exposure to different concentrations of BBP (10, 50, and 100 μM) on the meiosis of porcine oocytes. The results showed that exposure to BBP (100 μM) severely impaired expansion of cumulus-oocyte complex (COCs) and PBE (control:71.6% vs 100 μM: 48.8%). Spindle conformation and chromosome alignment were also significantly abnormal (34.8% and 46.0%, respectively) compared to the control (11.1% and 17.5%, respectively), and BBP caused damage to microfilaments and cortical granules (CGs). In addition, oocyte exposure to BBP induced impaired mitochondrial function and disrupted mitochondrial integrity. Silibinin is a natural active substance isolated from the seeds of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertneri with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Noteworthy, we added different concentrations of silibinin (10, 20, and 50 μM) to BBP-exposed oocytes for rescue experiments, where 50 μM effectively rescued BBP-induced meiotic failure (70.6%). It also prevented the generation of excessive autophagy and apoptosis in oocytes by inhibiting the production of ROS. In a word, our results suggest that supplementation of silibinin attenuates the impaired oocyte development caused by BBP exposure,which provides a potential strategy to protect oocytes from environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yilong Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Ozkan G, Günal-Köroğlu D, Karadag A, Capanoglu E, Cardoso SM, Al-Omari B, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. A mechanistic updated overview on lycopene as potential anticancer agent. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114428. [PMID: 36841029 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The potent relation between lycopene intake and reduced incidence of a variety of cancers has an increasing interest. This comprehensive review aims to highlight the in vivo and in vitro research evaluating the anticancer mechanisms of lycopene by underlining the experiment conditions. In addition to these, the general characterization of lycopene has been explained. A collection of relevant scientific pharmacological articles from the following databases PubMed/MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus, TRIP database, and Google Scholar on the mechanisms of anticancer molecular action and cellular effects of lycopene in various types of tumors was performed. The anticancer potential of lycopene has been described by various in vitro cells, animal studies, and some clinical trials. It has been revealed that the anticancer potential of lycopene is mainly due to its powerful singlet-oxygen quencher characteristics, simulation of detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes production, initiation of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation and cell cycle progression as well as modulations of gap junctional communication, the growth factors, and signal transduction pathways. It has been highlighted that the anticancer properties of lycopene are primarily linked to factors including; dose, presence of drug delivery systems, type of cancer, tumor size, and treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulay Ozkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Günal-Köroğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Karadag
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Susana M Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Basem Al-Omari
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | | | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Lycopene: an antioxidant product reducing dithane toxicity in Allium cepa L. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2290. [PMID: 36759547 PMCID: PMC9911395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was undertaken to assess the attenuating potential of lycopene against Dithane toxicity in Allium cepa L. roots. A. cepa bulbs were arranged in 6 groups. The control group was treated with tap water while the other groups were treated with 215 mg/L lycopene, 430 mg/L lycopene, 500 mg/L Dithane, 500 mg/L Dithane + 215 mg/L lycopene and 500 mg/L Dithane + 430 mg/L lycopene, respectively. When the treatments were completed, growth inhibition, biochemical, genotoxicity and meristematic cell injury analyses were performed. Lycopene did not cause any toxic effect when applied alone. While rooting percentage, root elongation, weight gain and mitotic index (MI) decreased in response to Dithane exposure, the frequency of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal abnormalities (CAs) in addition to malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the catalytic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased. Dithane promoted fragment, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, unequal distribution of chromatin, bridge, nucleus bud and reverse polarization formation in meristem cells. Dithane also provoked meristematic cell injuries, including indistinct appearance of vascular tissue, epidermis cell damage and flattened cell nucleus. Lycopene mitigated all damage types, depending on the lycopene dose applied with Dithane. Hence, the data analysis revealed that lycopene provides exceptional antioxidant protection against the fungicide Dithane, which has devastating toxic potential.
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Silva BR, Silva JRV. Mechanisms of action of non-enzymatic antioxidants to control oxidative stress during in vitro follicle growth, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 249:107186. [PMID: 36638648 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In vitro follicle growth and oocyte maturation still has a series of limitations, since not all oocytes matured in vitro have the potential to develop in viable embryos. One of the factors associated with low oocyte quality is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during in vitro culture. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the role of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the control of oxidative stress during in vitro follicular growth, oocyte maturation and embryonic development. A wide variety of non-enzymatic antioxidants (melatonin, resveratrol, L-ascorbic acid, L-carnitine, N-acetyl-cysteine, cysteamine, quercetin, nobiletin, lycopene, acteoside, mogroside V, phycocyanin and laminarin) have been used to supplement culture media. Some of them, like N-acetyl-cysteine, cysteamine, nobiletin and quercetin act by increasing the levels of glutathione (GSH), while melatonin and resveratrol increase the expression of antioxidant enzymes and minimize oocyte oxidative stress. L-ascorbic acid reduces free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Lycopene positively regulates the expression of many antioxidant genes. Additionally, L-carnitine protects DNA against ROS-induced damage, while acteoside and laminarin reduces the expression of proapoptotic genes. Mogrosides increases mitochondrial function and reduces intracellular ROS levels, phycocyanin reduces lipid peroxidation, and lycopene neutralizes the adverse effects of ROS. Thus, it is very important to know their mechanisms of actions, because the combination of two or more antioxidants with different activities has great potential to improve in vitro culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca R Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - José R V Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010249. [PMID: 36612248 PMCID: PMC9818426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.
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Ma Y, Li C, Xiu W, Wang X. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of stability and antioxidant activity of lycopene-nanostructured lipid carriers. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 32:833-845. [PMID: 37041811 PMCID: PMC10082695 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the stability of lycopene in the presence of the prepared nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) under different environments and food systems and the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of the lycopene nanostructured lipid carriers (Lyco-NLCs) was studied. As observed in the stability experiment, Lyco-NLCs have good storage stability within 30 days. Food additives have little effect on its stability except for metal ions. Compared with free lycopene, Lyco-NLCs showed an improved antioxidant property. In in-vitro experiments, the DPPH radical scavenging rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing capacity of Lyco-NLCs increased by 90.47%, 47.43%, and 45.12%, respectively. The animal experiments showed that the activities of catalase in the kidney, superoxide dismutase in the heart, and glutathione peroxidase in the liver increased by 31.48%, 42.50%, and 21.47%, respectively. The content of malondialdehyde in serum decreased by 14.13%. The results have some significance for the practical application of lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Grain Resources and Grain Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076 China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Grain Resources and Grain Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076 China
| | - Weiye Xiu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Resources and Grain Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076 China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Resources and Grain Processing of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076 China
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18
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Zhong Q, Piao Y, Yin S, Zhang K. Association of serum lycopene concentrations with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease: A cohort study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1048884. [PMID: 36545466 PMCID: PMC9760801 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1048884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lycopene is one of the hydrocarbon carotenoids which is largely studied for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as improvement of endothelial function and anti-arteriosclerosis effects. The use of lycopene has been shown to reduce mortality in the general population. However, few studies have examined the association between serum lycopene level and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Method This study included 7,683 adults with CKD from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994) and NHANES 2001-2006. Mortality status and cause of death were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through 31 December 2018. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs for mortality from all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Result During a median follow-up time of 309 months, there were 5,226 total deaths. The median (interquartile range) serum lycopene concentration was 20.0 (12.0, 32.0) μg/dl. After fully adjusted, restricted cubic spline analyses reported that higher serum lycopene concentrations were significantly associated with decreased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in participants with CKD (P < 0.001, P = 0.001). When extreme quartiles of serum lycopene concentrations were compared, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.778 (0.714-0.848) for all-cause mortality (P < 0.001), and 0.791 (0.692-0.905) for CVD mortality (P < 0.001). Specifically, higher serum lycopene decreased the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality at both CKD stage 1-2 and stage 3-5. Further subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses supported the current results. Conclusion Higher serum lycopene was independently associated with a decreased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in patients with CKD. These findings suggested that maintain serum lycopene concentrations could lower mortality risk in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhong
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - YongYi Piao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - KangYi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China,Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: KangYi Zhang,
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Antioxidant activity and viability of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Co-culture in fermented tomato juice during refrigerated storage. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sun N, Yang T, Tang Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhao S, Tan H, Li L, Fan H. Lycopene Alleviates Chronic Stress-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Apoptosis in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14414-14426. [PMID: 36318656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the major organ of metabolism and is extremely vulnerable to chronic stress. Lycopene (LYC) is a natural carotenoid with potent antioxidant and chronic disease potential. However, whether LYC protects against chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, rats were restrained for 21 days for 6 h per day, with or without gavage of LYC (10 mg/kg). Serum ALT (85.99 ± 4.07 U/L) and AST (181.78 ± 7.35 U/L) and scores of liver injury were significantly increased in the CRS group. LYC significantly promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, elevated the expression of antioxidant genes, and attenuated reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) levels within the liver. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and molecular docking results indicated that LYC competitively binds to Keap1 with the lowest molecule affinity of -9.0 kcal/mol. Moreover, LYC significantly relieved the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum swelling and decreased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) hallmarks like GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12. Meanwhile, LYC also mitigated CRS-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Interestingly, every other day, the intraperitoneal injection of the Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol (0.4 mg/kg) significantly counteracted the protective effect of LYC. In conclusion, LYC protects against CRS-induced liver injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, scavenging ROS, and further attenuating ERS-associated apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Tang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Tan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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NAUREEN ZAKIRA, DHULI KRISTJANA, DONATO KEVIN, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Foods of the Mediterranean diet: tomato, olives, chili pepper, wheat flour and wheat germ. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E4-E11. [PMID: 36479499 PMCID: PMC9710402 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean people, which follows a diet rich in minimally-processed plant-based foods, are believed to live longer and healthier lives than many other populations in the Western world. Epidemiological and clinical data suggest that the Mediterranean diet has beneficial effects for several chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, cancer and diabetes. Although the mechanisms of action of the Mediterranean diet are not completely clear, the synergistic effects of a number of its components and their bioactive phytochemicals exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-cancer effects. The Mediterranean diet includes daily consumption of whole cereals, fruit, vegetables and legumes in moderate proportions, weekly consumption of white meat in low to moderate proportions and occasionally sweets and chocolates in small amounts. Since olive oil is the main lipids source, it has special significance for health. Healthy fruit and vegetables, rich in phytochemicals, are a major proportion of this diet and contribute to the overall nutritional value and bioactivity of its components. Here we review the nutritional and health benefits of wheat germ, tomatoes, olives and chili pepper, items at the base of Mediterranean diet food pyramid that provides beneficial molecules, such as polyphenols, vitamins and flavonoids, and exert anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-oxidative actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - KRISTJANA DHULI
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Kristjana Dhuli, MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’s Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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Mediterranean Diet: The Beneficial Effects of Lycopene in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123477. [PMID: 35743545 PMCID: PMC9225137 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presents the most common chronic liver disease globally; it is estimated that 25.24% of the world’s population has NAFLD. NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease whose development involves various processes, such as insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, inflammation, cytokine imbalance, the activation of innate immunity, microbiota and environmental and genetic factors. Numerous clinical studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet produces beneficial effects in NAFLD patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the beneficial effects of lycopene, a soluble pigment found in fruit and vegetables, in NAFLD.
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Magne TM, da Silva de Barros AO, de Almeida Fechine PB, Alencar LMR, Ricci-Junior E, Santos-Oliveira R. Lycopene as a Multifunctional Platform for the Treatment of Cancer and Inflammation. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-022-00250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Oxidative Stress in Varicocele-Mediated Male Hypofertility. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095233. [PMID: 35563625 PMCID: PMC9102453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele (VC) is the most common abnormality identified in men evaluated for hypofertility. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced antioxidants concentrations are key contributors in varicocele-mediated hypofertility. Moreover, inflammation and alterations in testicular immunity negatively impact male fertility. In particular, NLRP3 inflammasome activation was hypothesized to lead to seminal inflammation, in which the levels of specific cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, are overexpressed. In this review, we described the role played by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in VC disease. The consequences of ROS overproduction in testis, including inflammation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, chromatin damage, and sperm DNA fragmentation, leading to abnormal testicular function and failed spermatogenesis, were highlighted. Finally, we described some therapeutic antioxidant strategies, with recognized beneficial effects in counteracting OS and inflammation in testes, as possible therapeutic drugs against varicocele-mediated hypofertility.
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Age-Related Decline of Male Fertility: Mitochondrial Dysfunction and the Antioxidant Interventions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050519. [PMID: 35631346 PMCID: PMC9143644 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are structurally and functionally unique organelles in male gametes. Apparently, as the only organelles remaining in mature sperm, mitochondria not only produce adeno-sine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to support sperm mobility, but also play key roles in regulating reactive oxidation species (ROS) signaling, calcium homeostasis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is often associated with the aging process. Age-dependent alterations of the epididymis can cause alterations in sperm mitochondrial functioning. The resultant cellular defects in sperm have been implicated in male infertility. Among these, oxidative stress (OS) due to the overproduction of ROS in mitochondria may represent one of the major causes of these disorders. Excessive ROS can trigger DNA damage, disturb calcium homeostasis, impair OXPHOS, disrupt the integrity of the sperm lipid membrane, and induce apoptosis. Given these facts, scavenging ROS by antioxidants hold great potential in terms of finding promising therapeutic strategies to treat male infertility. Here, we summarize the progress made in understanding mitochondrial dysfunction, aging, and male infertility. The clinical potential of antioxidant interventions was also discussed.
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Lycopene Supplementation to Serum-Free Maturation Medium Improves In Vitro Bovine Embryo Development and Quality and Modulates Embryonic Transcriptomic Profile. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020344. [PMID: 35204226 PMCID: PMC8868338 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine embryos are typically cultured at reduced oxygen tension to lower the impact of oxidative stress on embryo development. However, oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is performed at atmospheric oxygen tension since low oxygen during maturation has a negative impact on oocyte developmental competence. Lycopene, a carotenoid, acts as a powerful antioxidant and may protect the oocyte against oxidative stress during maturation at atmospheric oxygen conditions. Here, we assessed the effect of adding 0.2 μM lycopene (antioxidant), 5 μM menadione (pro-oxidant), and their combination on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in matured oocytes and the subsequent development, quality, and transcriptome of the blastocysts in a bovine in vitro model. ROS fluorescent intensity in matured oocytes was significantly lower in the lycopene group, and the resulting embryos showed a significantly higher blastocyst rate on day 8 and a lower apoptotic cell ratio than all other groups. Transcriptomic analysis disclosed a total of 296 differentially expressed genes (Benjamini–Hochberg-adjusted p < 0.05 and ≥ 1-log2-fold change) between the lycopene and control groups, where pathways associated with cellular function, metabolism, DNA repair, and anti-apoptosis were upregulated in the lycopene group. Lycopene supplementation to serum-free maturation medium neutralized excess ROS during maturation, enhanced blastocyst development and quality, and modulated the transcriptomic landscape.
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Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020232. [PMID: 35204115 PMCID: PMC8868303 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a bioactive red pigment found in plants, especially in red fruits and vegetables, including tomato, pink guava, papaya, pink grapefruit, and watermelon. Several research reports have advocated its positive impact on human health and physiology. For humans, lycopene is an essential substance obtained from dietary sources to fulfil the body requirements. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress and downstream complications include one of the major health concerns worldwide. In recent years, oxidative stress and its counter strategies have attracted biomedical research in order to manage the emerging health issues. Lycopene has been reported to directly interact with ROS, which can help to prevent chronic diseases, including diabetes and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, the present review article was written to provide an accumulative account of protective and ameliorative effects of lycopene on coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant that fights ROS and, subsequently, complications. It reduces blood pressure via inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme and regulating nitrous oxide bioavailability. It plays an important role in lowering of LDL (low-density lipoproteins) and improving HDL (high-density lipoproteins) levels to minimize atherosclerosis, which protects the onset of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Various studies have advocated that lycopene exhibited a combating competence in the treatment of these diseases. Owing to all the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive properties, lycopene provides a potential nutraceutical with a protective and curing ability against coronary artery disease and hypertension.
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Hemlata H, Meena PR, Singh AP, Tejavath KK. Assessment of antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and anti-bacterial activities using the bioinspired silver nanoparticles via Cucumis prophetarum fruit extract. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.2020840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Hemlata
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Prem Raj Meena
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Lycopene: Food Sources, Biological Activities, and Human Health Benefits. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2713511. [PMID: 34840666 PMCID: PMC8626194 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2713511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As an antioxidant, lycopene has acquired importance as it prevents autoxidation of fats and related products. Tomatoes are an important agricultural product that is a great source of lycopene. It contains many vitamins and minerals, fiber, and carbohydrates and is associated with various positive effects on health. The antioxidant potential of tomatoes is substantially explained with lycopene compounds. Diet is a major risk factor for heart diseases which is shown as the most important cause of death in the world. It has been observed that the lycopene taken in the diet has positive effects in many stages of atherosclerosis. The serum lipid levels, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, blood pressure, and antioxidative potential are mainly affected by lycopene. These natural antioxidants, which can also enhance the nutritional value of foods, may lead to new ways if used in food preservation. In this review study, the antioxidant potential and cardiovascular protection mechanism of lycopene are discussed.
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Kowalczyk A. The Role of the Natural Antioxidant Mechanism in Sperm Cells. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1387-1394. [PMID: 34845666 PMCID: PMC9005387 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Molecular studies of the causes of male infertility revealed a significant contribution of oxidative stress. When excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced or antioxidant activity fails, the equilibrium between oxidation and reduction is disrupted, causing oxidative stress (OS). High levels of ROS can have an adverse effect on sperm function through the initiation of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, loss of membrane integrity and increased permeability, inactivation of cellular enzymes, and cell apoptosis. In addition to endogenous factors such as immature sperm, leukocytes, and varicocele, potential causes of excessive ROS can also be found exogenously in males with testicular hyperthermia or exposed to environmental toxicity. To maintain the optimal functioning of sperm cells, it is, therefore, necessary to balance the redox potential, i.e., to balance ROS by antioxidants. The purpose of this review is to present the antioxidant defense systems in semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kowalczyk
- Department of Environment Hygiene, and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University Of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Senkus KE, Zhang Y, Wang H, Tan L, Crowe-White KM. Lycopene supplementation of maternal and weanling high-fat diets influences adipose tissue development and metabolic outcomes of Sprague-Dawley offspring. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e96. [PMID: 34804517 PMCID: PMC8596078 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns high in fat contribute to the onset of cardiometabolic disease through the accrual of adipose tissue (AT). Lycopene, a carotenoid shown to exert multiple health benefits, may disrupt these metabolic perturbations. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate AT development and obesity-associated metabolic outcomes in the neonate and weanling offspring of Sprague-Dawley mothers fed a high-fat diet (HFD = 50 % fat) with and without lycopene supplementation. Sprague-Dawley rats consumed either a normal fat diet (NFD; 25 % fat) or HFD throughout gestation. Upon delivery, half of HFD mothers were transitioned to an HFD supplemented with 1 % lycopene (HFDL). At postnatal day 14 (P14), P25, and P35, pups were euthanised, body weight was recorded, and visceral white AT (WAT) and brown AT (BAT) mass were determined. Serum redox status, adipokines, glucose and inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated, as well as BAT mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The HFD was effective in inducing weight gain as evident by significantly greater BW and WAT in the HFD group compared to the NFD group across all time points. Compared to HFD, the HFDL group exhibited significantly greater BAT with concomitant reductions in WAT mass, serum lipid peroxides and serum glucose. No significant differences were observed in serum adipokines, inflammatory markers or UCP1 expression despite the aforementioned alterations in AT development. Results suggest that dietary lycopene supplementation may influence metabolic outcomes during the weaning and post-weaning periods. Additional research is warranted to elucidate molecular mechanisms by which lycopene influences AT biology.
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Key Words
- AC, Antioxidant Capacity
- AI, Adiposity Index
- AT, adipose tissue
- BAT, brown adipose tissue
- BW, body weight
- Brown adipose tissue
- HFD, high-fat diet
- HFDL, HFD supplemented with 1% lycopene
- High-fat diet
- Lycopene
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- Maternal obesity
- Metabolic health
- NFD, normal fat diet
- Redox status
- UCP1, uncoupling protein 1
- WAT, white adipose tissue
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn E. Senkus
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Libo Tan
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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32
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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Liang Y, Jiang L, Sui X. Dietary Bioactive Lipids: A Review on Absorption, Metabolism, and Health Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8929-8943. [PMID: 34161727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dietary lipids are an indispensable source of energy and nutrition in human life. Numerous studies have shown that dietary bioactive lipids have many health benefits, including prevention or treatment of chronic diseases. The different chemical compositions and structural characteristics of bioactive lipids not only affect their digestion, absorption, and metabolism but also affect their health properties. In this review, the major dietary bioactive lipids (fatty acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, phenolic lipids, fat-soluble vitamins, and sphingomyelins) in foods are systematically summarized, from the aspects of composition, digestion, absorption, metabolism, source, structural characteristics, and their health properties. In particular, the relationship between the compositional and structural changes of bioactive lipids and their absorption and metabolism is discussed as well as their effect on health properties. This review provides a comprehensive summary toward health properties of dietary bioactive lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, People's Republic of China
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Song X, Luo Y, Ma L, Hu X, Simal-Gandara J, Wang LS, Bajpai VK, Xiao J, Chen F. Recent trends and advances in the epidemiology, synergism, and delivery system of lycopene as an anti-cancer agent. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:331-346. [PMID: 33794344 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xunyu Song
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinghua Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingjun Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Li-Shu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Chauhan A, Islam AU, Prakash H, Singh S. Phytochemicals targeting NF-κB signaling: Potential anti-cancer interventions. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:394-405. [PMID: 35811622 PMCID: PMC9257438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a ubiquitous regulator of the signalome and is indispensable for various biological cell functions. NF-κB consists of five transcription factors that execute both cytoplasmic and nuclear signaling processes in cells. NF-κB is the only signaling molecule that governs both pro- and anti-apoptotic, and pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. This is due to the canonical and non-canonical components of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Together, these pathways orchestrate cancer-related inflammation, hyperplasia, neoplasia, and metastasis. Non-canonical NF-κB pathways are particularly involved in the chemoresistance of cancer cells. In view of its pivotal role in cancer progression, NF-κB represents a potentially significant therapeutic target for modifying tumor cell behavior. Several phytochemicals are known to modulate NF-κB pathways through the stabilization of its inhibitor, IκB, by inhibiting phosphorylation and ubiquitination thereof. Several natural pharmacophores are known to inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and associated pro-inflammatory responses and cell survival pathways. In view of this and the high degree of specificity exhibited by various phytochemicals for the NF-κB component, we herein present an in-depth overview of these phytochemicals and discuss their mode of interaction with the NF-κB signaling pathways for controlling the fate of tumor cells for cancer-directed interventions. NF-κB plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of homeostasis and various inflammation-mediated pathologies. NF-κB is involved in cancer development and progression by modulating growth signaling and apoptosis pathways. Phytochemicals modulating NF-κB activity should be exploited to design anticancer drugs with minimal side effects. Use of these phytochemicals in adjunctive chemotherapy may enhance the chemosensitivity of existing chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asim Ul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Amity Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Corresponding author.
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Rosa-Martínez E, García-Martínez MD, Adalid-Martínez AM, Pereira-Dias L, Casanova C, Soler E, Figàs MR, Raigón MD, Plazas M, Soler S, Prohens J. Fruit composition profile of pepper, tomato and eggplant varieties grown under uniform conditions. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110531. [PMID: 34399509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of the diversity within and between major Solanaceae crops (pepper, tomato, eggplant) is of interest for the selection and development of balanced diets. We have measured thirty-six major fruit composition traits, encompassing sugars, organic acids, antioxidants and minerals, in a set of 10 accessions per crop for pepper, tomato and eggplant, grown under the same cultivation conditions. The aim was to evaluate the diversity within species and to provide an accurate comparison of fruit composition among species by reducing to a minimum the environmental effect. Pepper, tomato and eggplant had a clearly distinct composition profile. Pepper showed the highest average content in total sugars and organic acids. Fructose and glucose were the major sugar compounds in the three species, although in pepper and tomato sucrose was present only in trace amounts. Citric acid was the major organic acid in pepper and tomato, while in eggplant it was malic acid. Pepper and eggplant had the highest total antioxidant activity. Vitamin C content was much higher in pepper than in tomato and eggplant, while eggplant accumulated high concentrations of chlorogenic acid. Furthermore, eggplant was the species with higher content in most minerals, particularly for K, Mg and Cu, while pepper was the richest in Fe. Due to their complementary nutritional profiles, a combined regular consumption of the three vegetables would supply more than 20% of the Dietary Reference Intake of several of the analysed phytochemicals. The large diversity within each species is of interest for selecting varieties with better nutritional and organoleptic profiles, as well as for breeding new cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rosa-Martínez
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Dolores García-Martínez
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana María Adalid-Martínez
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Leandro Pereira-Dias
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Casanova
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Soler
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Rosario Figàs
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Raigón
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariola Plazas
- Meridiem Seeds S.L., Paraje Lo Soler 2, 30700, Torre-Pacheco, Spain
| | - Salvador Soler
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaime Prohens
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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36
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Yusuf M. Formulation and cognitive evaluation of self-assembled phosphatidylserine-chitosan nanoparticles of lycopene, an innovative technique to lessen STZ-induced oxidative stress: A vital persuader of major neurological diseases. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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37
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Reshmitha T, Nisha P. Lycopene mitigates acrylamide and glycidamide induced cellular toxicity via oxidative stress modulation in HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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38
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Mun HI, Kwon MC, Lee NR, Son SY, Song DH, Lee CH. Comparing Metabolites and Functional Properties of Various Tomatoes Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Approach. Front Nutr 2021; 8:659646. [PMID: 33898504 PMCID: PMC8060453 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.659646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato is one of the world's most consumed vegetables, and thus, various cultivars have been developed. Therefore, metabolic differences and nutrient contents of various tomatoes need to be discovered. To do so, we performed metabolite profiling along with evaluation of morphological and physicochemical properties of five representative tomato types. Common tomato cultivars, bigger and heavier than other tomatoes, contained higher levels of amino acids, organic acids, and lipids. On the contrary, cherry tomato cultivars contained a higher proportion of phenylpropanoids, lycopene, β-carotene, and α-carotene than the other tomatoes. Also, the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in cherry tomato cultivars. Furthermore, to understand metabolic distributions in various tomato cultivars, we constructed a metabolic pathway map. The higher metabolic flux distribution of most primary metabolite synthetic pathways was observed in common tomatoes, while cherry tomato cultivars showed a significantly elevated flux in secondary metabolite synthetic pathways. Accordingly, these results provide valuable information of different characteristics in various tomatoes, which can be considered while purchasing and improving tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha In Mun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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The Application of Supercritical Fluids Technology to Recover Healthy Valuable Compounds from Marine and Agricultural Food Processing By-Products: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food by-products contain a remarkable source of bioactive molecules with many benefits for humans; therefore, their exploitation can be an excellent opportunity for the food sector. Moreover, the revalorization of these by-products to produce value-added compounds is considered pivotal for sustainable growth based on a circular economy. Traditional extraction technologies have several drawbacks mainly related to the consumption of hazardous organic solvents, and the high temperatures maintained for long extraction periods which cause the degradation of thermolabile compounds as well as a low extraction efficiency of desired compounds. In this context, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been explored as a suitable green technology for the recovery of a broad range of bioactive compounds from different types of agri-food wastes. This review describes the working principle and development of SFE technology to valorize by-products from different origin (marine, fruit, vegetable, nuts, and other plants). In addition, the potential effects of the extracted active substances on human health were also approached.
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Ibrahim MAA, Elkaliny HH, Abd-Elsalam MM. Lycopene ameliorates the effect of Aroclor 1254 on morphology, proliferation, and angiogenesis of the thyroid gland in rat. Toxicology 2021; 452:152722. [PMID: 33592256 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aroclor 1254 is a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls that are reported to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis, yet little is known on its effect on thyroid gland microarchitecture. Lycopene is a commonly used potent antioxidant. This study is a biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment of the effect of Aroclor 1254 on the morphology, proliferation, and angiogenesis of the thyroid gland in rat and to evaluate the possible ameliorating role of lycopene. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were divided into 4 groups; Control, lycopene-treated (4 mg/kg/day orally for 30 days), Aroclor 1254-treated (2 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 30 days), and lycopene & Aroclor 1254-treated group. Serum thyroid hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were quantified. Thyroid specimens were processed for histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Mallory's trichrome stains as well as immunohistochemical staining for detection of calcitonin, Ki67, and VEGF. In this study, Aroclor 1254-treated animals recorded a significant decline in both serum T3 and T4 coupled with a significant elevation in both TSH and tissue MDA. Histological sections showed small irregular follicles with the formation of hyperplastic and micro follicles. Some follicular and parafollicular cells depicted nuclear and cytoplasmic alterations associating with scanty or absent colloid in addition to signs of inflammation and fibrosis. A significant upregulation in the immunohistochemical expression of calcitonin, Ki67, and VEGF was recorded. Lycopene co-treatment successfully reinstated the values of most studied parameters and retrieved a near-control thyroid morphology. In conclusion, Aroclor 1254 impacted the thyroid hormone homeostasis, morphology, proliferation, and angiogenesis of the thyroid gland in rat, while lycopene efficiently ameliorated these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A A Ibrahim
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Heba H Elkaliny
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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Asadzadeh F, Pirsa S. Specific Removal of Nitrite from Lake Urmia Sediments by Biohydrogel Based on Isolated Soy Protein/Tragacanth/Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles/Lycopene. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2020; 4:2000061. [PMID: 33304611 PMCID: PMC7713559 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a biodegradable biohydrogel based on isolated soy protein/tragacanth containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles and lycopene pigment (ISP/TG/MPS/Lyc) is prepared. The physicochemical characteristics and structure of the biohydrogel are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break point), antioxidant activity, water solubility, water absorption capacity (WAC), and the humidity content of the biohydrogels are studied. Five optimal biohydrogels including pure ISP, ISP/TG, ISP/MPS, ISP/Lyc, and ISP/TG/MPS/Lyc are used for chemical treatment of Lake Urmia sediments. For this purpose, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, and nitrite of sediments are examined before and after treatment with biohydrogels. According to the FTIR results, there is only physical interaction between lycopene and isolated soy protein. According to the TGA results, adding silica mesoporous to biohydrogel increases its thermal stability. Tragacanth gum and lycopene pigment reduce water solubility and increase the WAC of biohydrogel. The biohydrogel significantly reduces the BOD and COD of the sediments. The biohydrogel reduces nitrite content up to 90%, while reducing nitrate content by almost 30%. The results show that the biohydrogel containing lycopene selectively purifies nitrite from the sediment solution of Lake Urmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrokh Asadzadeh
- Department of Soil ScienceFaculty of AgricultureUrmia UniversityUrmia5756151818Iran
- Department of Sediment ProcessingLake Urmia Research InstituteUrmia UniversityUrmia5756151818Iran
| | - Sajad Pirsa
- Department of Sediment ProcessingLake Urmia Research InstituteUrmia UniversityUrmia5756151818Iran
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureUrmia UniversityUrmia5756151818Iran
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Sakemi Y, Sato K, Hara K, Honda M, Shindo K. Biological Activities of Z-Lycopenes Contained in Food. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1509-1516. [PMID: 33055449 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono-(5Z)-, -(9Z)-, and -(13Z)-lycopenes are found in food containing processed tomato products, while tetra-Z-(7Z, 9Z, 7'Z, 9'Z)-lycopene (prolycopene) is found in tangerine-strain tomatoes. We prepared pure mono-Z-lycopenes from all-E-lycopene via chemical reaction (heating in CH2Cl2 at 80℃ for 1 h) followed by purification using preparative silica gel HPLC, while prolycopene was isolated from tangerine tomatoes by partitioning with n-hexane and 90% MeOH followed by silica gel column chromatography. A simple method of distinguishing the mono-Z-lycopenes using the 13C NMR chemical shifts of their Z-methyl carbons is proposed. Additionally, the 1O2 quenching and 3T3-L1 cell differentiation activities of the compounds were then compared with all-E-lycopene for the first time. All the evaluated Z-isomers showed 1O2 quenching activities that were equal to or slightly lower than that of all-E-lycopene, with the IC50 values for the 1O2 quenching activities of (all-E)-, (5Z)-, (9Z)-, (13Z)-, and (7Z, 9Z, 7'Z, 9'Z)-lycopene being 4.4±0.36, 4.0±1.44, 5.3±1.08, 6.9±1.67, and 8.7±0.34 µM, respectively. The mouse 3T3-L1 cell differentiation activities followed the order: (all-E) > (9Z) > (5Z) ≈ (9Z) ≈ (13Z) ≈ (7Z, 9Z, 7'Z, 9'Z).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Sakemi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University
| | - Kana Sato
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University
| | - Kurumi Hara
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University
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Qu M, Ni Y, Guo B, Feng X, Jiang Z. Lycopene antagonizes lead toxicity by reducing mitochondrial oxidative damage and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:228-239. [PMID: 34766121 PMCID: PMC8491193 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exhibits serious adverse effects on the central nervous system, and the major pathogenic mechanism of Pb toxicity is oxidative stress. As one of the carotenoid family members with potent antioxidant properties, lycopene has shown its protections by inhibiting oxidative stress damage in numerous models of neurotoxicity. The current study was designed to explore the possible protective property in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons challenged with Pb. We observed that 5 μM lycopene pretreatment for 4 h efficiently ameliorated Pb‐caused damage in cell viability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, lycopene (5 μM) attenuated the 50 μM Pb‐induced mitochondrial ROS production, improved the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and ATP production, and ameliorated the 50 μM Pb‐induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential as well as opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores. In addition, 5 μM lycopene restored the imbalance of Bax/Bcl‐2, inhibited translocation of cytochrome c, and reduced caspase‐3 activation. Taken together, these findings indicate that lycopene antagonizes against Pb‐induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanism probably involves reduction of mitochondrial oxidative damage and mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Qu
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Yanli Ni
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Baoshi Guo
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Xin Feng
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
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El Morsy EM, Ahmed M. Protective effects of lycopene on hippocampal neurotoxicity and memory impairment induced by bisphenol A in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1066-1078. [PMID: 32153214 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120909882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used to produce polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins which are used in many consumer products. Most people encounter BPA in their daily routines. However, it has been heavily reported that BPA has a neurotoxic effect. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of lycopene on cognitive deficits induced by a high dose of BPA focusing on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and memory retrieval in adult male rats. Therefore, 72 rats were divided into four groups: control group, BPA group (50 mg/kg body weight (bw)) 3 days a week for 42 days, lycopene group (10 mg/kg bw) daily for 42 days, and lycopene + BPA group. Concurrent treatment of lycopene with BPA improved the learning and cognition memory in Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests along with an increase in acetylcholine esterase activity as well as inhibition of oxidative stress by restoring reduced glutathione and suppressing malondialdehyde hippocampal level to their normal levels. Mechanistically, lycopene upregulated the protein expression of tyrosine receptor kinase B, which resulted in an upsurge in its downstream cascades MAPK/ERK1/2/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of BPA-intoxicated rats. Furthermore, concurrent treatment of lycopene with BPA prevented apoptosis by marked decrease in Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) gene expression and caspase 3 activity while restoring B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) gene expression. In conclusion, the present study provided evidence that lycopene exerted a neuroprotective effect against BPA intoxication in hippocampi of rats via its antioxidant properties, activation of MAPK/ERK pathway, and inhibiting a neuronal apoptosis which reflected on improving the learning and cognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M El Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mae Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
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Liu B, Yan L, Jiao X, Sun X, Zhao Z, Yan J, Guo M, Zang Y. Lycopene Alleviates Hepatic Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in AML12 Cell. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2020; 40:406-417. [PMID: 32813603 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lihong Yan
- The Library of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuefei Jiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaozhi Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zonggang Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junwei Yan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mingjin Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yunjin Zang
- Institute of Transplantation Science, Organ Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Abstract
Good water supply practice provides benefits such as water and energy conservation but also alters the quality of yield. These effects of irrigation on yield quantity and quality are widely researched in the case of many plants. In tomato it can affect the soluble solids content positively together with a slight reduction in yield quantity as confirmed by many studies. There are results in the literature regarding its effect on carotenoid composition and lycopene content as well, but the effect on lycopene isomers has not been revealed yet. In this study, we investigated how different water supply levels affect yield quantity and quality, focusing on lycopene components. A two-year open field irrigation experiment with a center pivot capable of variable rate irrigation was conducted on processing tomato. The water supply levels were 100%, 75%, and 50% of ETc (crop evapotranspiration) until the beginning of the ripening stage, calculated by AquaCrop compared to control without regular irrigation. The results suggested that 75% of ETc supplied till the beginning of ripening, was a balanced water supply level regarding yield quantity, soluble solids content and lycopene concentration and yields, such as higher concentration and ratio to total carotenoids. The evaluation of cis-lycopene concentration and ratio to all-trans did not show clear results in the two years.
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Effect of Grafting on the Production, Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Nutritional Quality of Fruit from Pepper Landraces. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060501. [PMID: 32521712 PMCID: PMC7346139 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Grafting is a widely utilized agronomical technique to improve yield, disease resistance, and quality of fruit and vegetables. This work aims to assess the effect of grafting and fruit ripening on the production, physico-chemical characteristics, and nutritional quality of fruit from Spanish local pepper landraces. Landraces "Cuerno," "Sueca," and "Valencia" were used as scions, and "NIBER®" as the rootstock. Two ripening stages of the fruits were sampled: green and red. Grafting improved the yield and marketable quality and did not negatively influence the physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of the fruit. It was noteworthy that the bioactive compound contents and antioxidant capacity were more related to maturity stage and genotype, and red fruit had a higher antioxidant capacity than green fruit. However, in all the scions, grafting significantly enhanced lycopene content in both red and green fruit. Another important effect of grafting was the volatile compound composition evidenced by discriminant analyses, which was characterized for the first time in the fruit of these landraces. The rootstock and scion combination could be a way to improve not only the production, but also the fruit quality of peppers.
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48
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Caseiro M, Ascenso A, Costa A, Creagh-Flynn J, Johnson M, Simões S. Lycopene in human health. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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49
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Zare M, Norouzi Roshan Z, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Improving the cancer prevention/treatment role of carotenoids through various nano-delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:522-534. [PMID: 32180434 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1738999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the emerging and recent strategies to combat cancer is application of natural bioactive compounds and phytochemicals. Carotenoids including lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, crocin, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein, are the main group of plant pigments which play important roles in the prevention and healing process of different diseases including cancer. The pharmacological use of carotenoid compounds is frequently limited by their low bioavailability and solubility as they are mainly lipophilic compounds. The present study focuses on the current data on formulation of different carotenoid nanodelivery systems for cancer therapy and a brief overview of the obtained results. Encapsulation of carotenoids within different nanocarriers is a remarkable approach and innovative strategy for the improvement of health-promoting features and particularly, cancer prevention/treatment roles of these compounds through enhancing their solubility, cellular uptake, membrane permeation, bioaccessibility, and stability. There is various nanocarrier for loading carotenoids including polymeric/biopolymeric, lipid-based, inorganic, and hybrid nanocarriers. Almost in all relevant studies, these nano delivery systems have shown promising results in improving the efficiency of carotenoids in cancer therapy. [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Zare
- Faculty of Medicinal Plants, Department of Basic and Science, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Zahra Norouzi Roshan
- Department of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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50
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Quercetin and Its Mixture Increase the Stress Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans to UV-B. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051572. [PMID: 32121354 PMCID: PMC7084924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UV-B, 280–320 nm) radiation causes complex molecular reactions in cells, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This study designed a mixture consisting of quercetin, luteolin and lycopene and used Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study the resistance of these natural chemicals to UV-B. Specifically, we have confirmed that quercetin and its mixture can increase the resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans to UV-B through lifespan test, reactive oxygen species level assay, germ cell apoptosis test, embryonic lethal test and RT-qPCR experiments. The results show that quercetin and its mixture prolonged the lifespan of UV-B-irradiated Caenorhabditis elegans and reduced abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species, embryo death, and apoptosis induced by UV-B. The protective effect of quercetin and its mixture may be attributed to its down-regulation of HUS-1, CEP-1, EGL-1 and CED-13. Therefore, the results of this research could help the development of UV-B radiation protection agents.
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