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Ismail J, Shebaby WN, Daher J, Boulos JC, Taleb R, Daher CF, Mroueh M. The Wild Carrot ( Daucus carota): A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:93. [PMID: 38202401 PMCID: PMC10781147 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Daucus carota L., a member of the Apiaceae family, comprises 13 subspecies, with one being cultivated (D. carota L. ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.) and the remaining being wild. Traditionally, the wild carrot has been recognized for its antilithic, diuretic, carminative, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties and has been employed in the treatment of urinary calculus, cystitis, gout, prostatitis, and cancer. While extensive literature is available on the phytochemical, pharmacological, and therapeutic evaluations of the cultivated carrot, limited information has been published on the wild carrot. A thorough search was conducted on the phytochemical composition, folk-medicine uses, and pharmacological properties of wild carrot subspecies (Daucus carota L. ssp. carota). Various electronic databases were consulted, and the literature spanning from 1927 to early 2023 was reviewed. Thirteen wild Daucus carota subspecies were analyzed, revealing over 310 compounds, including terpenoids, phenylpropenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, with 40 constituting more than 3% of the composition. This review also highlights the antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, hypolipidemic, and hepato- and gastroprotective properties of wild carrot subspecies. Existing in vitro and in vivo studies support their traditional uses in treating infections, inflammation, and cancer. However, further research on other subspecies is required to confirm additional applications. Well-designed preclinical and clinical trials are still necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of wild Daucus carota for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Wassim N. Shebaby
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Joey Daher
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon;
| | - Joelle C. Boulos
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Robin Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (R.T.); (C.F.D.)
| | - Costantine F. Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (R.T.); (C.F.D.)
- Alice Ramez Chagoury School of Nursing, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Mroueh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
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Thakur M, Vasudeva N, Sharma S, Datusalia AK. Plants and their Bioactive Compounds as a Possible Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-126021. [PMID: 36045522 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220830164432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury is an outcome of the physical or mechanical impact of external forces on the brain. Thus, the silent epidemic has complex pathophysiology affecting the brain along with extracranial or systemic complications in more than one organ system, including the heart, lungs, liver, kidney, gastrointestinal and endocrine system. which is referred to as Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. It is driven by three interconnected mechanisms such as systemic hyperinflammation, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, and immunosuppression-induced sepsis. These multifaceted pathologies accelerate the risk of mortality in clinical settings by interfering with the functions of distant organs through hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, acute lung injury, neurogenic pulmonary edema, reduced gastrointestinal motility, Cushing ulcers, acute liver failure, acute kidney injury, coagulopathy, endocrine dysfunction, and many other impairments. The pharmaceutical treatment approach for this is highly specific in its mode of action and linked to a variety of side effects, including hallucinations, seizures, anaphylaxis, teeth, bone staining, etc. Therefore, alternative natural medicine treatments are widely accepted due to their broad complementary or synergistic effects on the physiological system with minor side effects. CONCLUSION This review is a compilation of the possible mechanisms behind the occurrence of multiorgan dysfunction and reported medicinal plants with organoprotective activity that have not been yet explored against traumatic brain injury and thereby, highlighting the marked possibilities of their effectiveness in the management of multiorgan dysfunction. As a result, we attempted to respond to the hypothesis against the usage of medicinal plants to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Neeru Vasudeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology/Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Kim D, Iida F, Joo N. Texture properties of parsnip (
Pastinaca sativa
L.) for the elderly base on the enzyme treatment. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dah‐Sol Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women’s University Tokyo 112‐8681 Japan
| | - Fumiko Iida
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women’s University Tokyo 112‐8681 Japan
| | - Nami Joo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University Seoul 04310 Korea
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Sanad H, Belattmania Z, Nafis A, Hassouani M, Mazoir N, Reani A, Hassani L, Vasconcelos V, Sabour B. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Marine Cyanolichen Lichina pygmaea Volatile Compounds. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030169. [PMID: 35323468 PMCID: PMC8955006 DOI: 10.3390/md20030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile compounds from the marine cyanolichen Lichina pygmaea, collected from the Moroccan Atlantic coast, were extracted by hydrodistillation and their putative chemical composition was investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Based on the obtained results, Lichina pygmaea volatile compounds (LPVCs) were mainly dominated by sesquiterpenes compounds, where γ-himachalene, β-himachalene, (2E,4E)-2,4 decadienal and α-himachalene were assumed to be the most abundant constituents, with percentage of 37.51%, 11.71%, 8.59% and 7.62%, respectively. LPVCs depicted significant antimicrobial activity against all tested strains (Staphylococcus aureus CCMM B3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50090, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Candida albicans CCMM-L4) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values within the range of 1.69–13.5 mg/mL. Moreover, this LPVC showed interesting scavenging effects on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical with an IC50 of 0.21 mg/mL. LPVCs could be an approving resource with moderate antimicrobial potential and interesting antioxidant activity for cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Sanad
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Zahira Belattmania
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Ahmed Nafis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco;
| | - Meryem Hassouani
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Noureddine Mazoir
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Abdeltif Reani
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Lahcen Hassani
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40001, Morocco;
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-223-401-817
| | - Brahim Sabour
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—URL CNRST N°10, Faculty of Sciences El Jadida, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; (H.S.); (Z.B.); (M.H.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (B.S.)
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Redding MC, Pan JH, Kim YJ, Batish M, Trabulsi J, Lee JH, Kim JK. Apiaceous vegetables protect against acrolein-induced pulmonary injuries through modulating hepatic detoxification and inflammation in C57BL/6 male mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 101:108939. [PMID: 35016997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acrolein (Acr) is a reactive aldehyde in the environment. Acr causes oxidative stress and a cascade of catalytic events and has, thereby, been associated with increased risk of pulmonary diseases. Whether apiaceous vegetables (API) consumption can prevent Acr-induced pulmonary toxicity has not yet been explored hence, we investigated the effects of API on Acr-induced pulmonary damages in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were assigned into either negative control [NEG group; American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G diet only], positive control (POS group; AIN-93G+Acr) or API intervention group (API group; AIN-93G+21% API+Acr). After 1 week of dietary intervention, the POS and API mice were exposed to Acr (10 µmol/kg body weight/day) for 5 days. During the exposure period, assigned diets remained the same. Prominent indicators lung of toxicity of POS mice were found, including mucus accumulation, macrophage infiltration, and hemorrhage, all of which were ameliorated by the API. Serum and lung inflammation markers, such as a tumor necrosis factor alpha were also increased by Acr while reduced by API. In the liver, API upregulated expression of glutathione S-transferases, which enhanced the metabolism of Acr into water-soluble 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid for excretion. This is consistent with observed reductions in serum Acr-protein adducts. Taken together, our results suggest that API may provide protection against Acr-induced pulmonary damages and inflammation via enhancement of the hepatic detoxification of Acr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mersady C Redding
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jeong Hoon Pan
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Mona Batish
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
| | - Jillian Trabulsi
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea.
| | - Jae Kyeom Kim
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
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A Study of Phenolic Bioactive Compounds Of Daucus Carota Subsp. Sativus Fruits of Yaskrava, Nantska Kharkivska and Olenka Species and Of Dauci Carotae Subsp. Sativi Fructuum Extractum Siccum. EUROPEAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/afpuc-2022-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of the work was to study the qualitative composition and determine the quantitative content of phenolic compounds of Daucus carota subsp. sativus fruits of Yaskrava, Nantska Kharkivska and Olenka species and of Dauci carotae subsp. sativi fructuum extractum siccum. Phenolic compounds were studied by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method. High content of phenol-origin bioactive substances was fixed in Daucus carota subsp. sativus fruits of Nantska Kharkivska variety (363.19 μg/g). Dominating compounds were chlorogenic acid, cynaroside, rutin and hyperoside. Daucus carota subsp. sativus fruits of all study species under question were found to possess permanent qualitative composition of phenolic compounds, whereas their quantitative content in experimental samples differed slightly. The results of analysis confirm promising development of novel antioxidant and cardioprotective drugs on the basis of Dauci carotae subsp. sativi fructuum extractum siccum.
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7
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Rouf R, Ghosh P, Uzzaman MR, Sarker DK, Zahura FT, Uddin SJ, Muhammad I. Hepatoprotective Plants from Bangladesh: A Biophytochemical Review and Future Prospect. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1633231. [PMID: 34504532 PMCID: PMC8423546 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1633231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are quite prevalant in many densely populated countries, including Bangladesh. The liver and its hepatocytes are targeted by virus and microbes, as well as by chemical environmental toxicants, causing wide-spread disruption of metabolic fuctions of the human body, leading to death from end-stage liver diseases. The aim of this review is to systematically explore and record the potential of Bangladeshi ethnopharmacological plants to treat liver diseases with focus on their sources, constituents, and therapeutic uses, including mechanisms of actions (MoA). A literature survey was carried out using Pubmed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases with articles reported until July, 2020. A total of 88 Bangladeshi hepatoprotective plants (BHPs) belonging to 47 families were listed in this review, including Euphorbiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Compositae families contained 20% of plants, while herbs were the most cited (51%) and leaves were the most consumed parts (23%) as surveyed. The effect of BHPs against different hepatotoxins was observed via upregulation of antioxidant systems and inhibition of lipid peroxidation which subsequently reduced the elevated liver biomarkers. Different active constituents, including phenolics, curcuminoids, cucurbitanes, terpenoids, fatty acids, carotenoids, and polysaccharides, have been reported from these plants. The hepatoameliorative effect of these constituents was mainly involved in the reduction of hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways. In summary, BHPs represent a valuable resource for hepatoprotective lead therapeutics which may offer new alternatives to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razina Rouf
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Ghosh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Raihan Uzzaman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Dipto Kumer Sarker
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Fatima Tuz Zahura
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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8
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Daoudi NE, Bouhrim M, Bnouham M. A Review on Hepatoprotective Effects of Some Medicinal Plant Oils. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817666200831175139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The liver is the second largest organ inside the human body. It can be damaged
by several toxic molecules and medicinal agents taken in overdoses. Indeed, there are some
oils obtained from different herbs that can be used to protect the liver injury.
Objective:
This review aims to give details on some oils that have been tested for their hepatoprotective
effect.
Methods:
We reviewed 79 articles published between 1980 and 2019 in English language using
three databases Sciencedirect, Web of Science and PubMed. So, we have used the keywords related
to hepatoprotective activity: Hepatoprotective, liver disease, plant and oil and we have classified the
plants in alphabetical order as a list containing their scientific and family names, as well as the experimental
assay and the results obtained from these studies.
Results:
As a result, we have described 18 species belonging to 18 families: Altingiaceae, Apiaceae,
Arecaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Caryocaraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminoseae, Malvaceae,
Moringaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Pinaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Theaceae and Vitaceae.
Among the most common fatty acids present in hepatoprotective oils are palmitic acid, linoleic
acid, oleic acid and stearic acid.
Conclusion:
These oils have shown beneficial properties regarding the hepatoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI; BP: 717; 60 000, Oujda,Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI; BP: 717; 60 000, Oujda,Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI; BP: 717; 60 000, Oujda,Morocco
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Asdaq SMB, Swathi E, Dhamanigi SS, Asad M, Ali Mohzari Y, Alrashed AA, Alotaibi AS, Mohammed Alhassan B, Nagaraja S. Role of Daucus carota in Enhancing Antiulcer Profile of Pantoprazole in Experimental Animals. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25225287. [PMID: 33202703 PMCID: PMC7696376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The carrot plant (Daucus carota) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when administered concurrently with a conventional antiulcer treatment, pantoprazole, in alleviating gastric and duodenal ulcers in female experimental animals. The study involved standard animal models to determine the ulcer preventive effect using pylorus ligation, ethanol, and stress induced acute gastric ulcer models and duodenal ulcer models involving cysteamine. Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models were used to evaluate the ulcer healing effect. Carrot fruit (500 mg/kg) and its co-administration with pantoprazole produced significant protection in an ethanol- and stress-induced acute gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. The healing of the acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer was also augmented with this combination. Both total proteins and mucin contents were significantly increased in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Similarly, in pylorus ligation, the pepsin content of gastric juice, total acidity, and free acidity were reduced. Overall, both ulcer preventive effects and ulcer healing properties of the pantoprazole were significantly enhanced in animals who received the co-administration of carrot fruit (500 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-403555-3399
| | - Earla Swathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India; (E.S.); (S.S.D.)
| | - Sunil S Dhamanigi
- Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India; (E.S.); (S.S.D.)
| | - Mohammed Asad
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yahya Ali Mohzari
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Alrashed
- Pharmaceutical Service Department, Inpatient Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman S. Alotaibi
- Pharmaceutical Service Department, Inpatient Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | | | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
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6-Methoxymellein Isolated from Carrot ( Daucus carota L.) Targets Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Regulating NF-κB Signaling. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194374. [PMID: 32977636 PMCID: PMC7583823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) induces the aggressive progression and recurrence of breast cancer. These cells are drug resistant, have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate and are involved in recurrence and metastasis, suggesting that targeting BCSCs may improve treatment efficacy. In this report, methanol extracts of carrot root were purified by means of silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography to isolate a compound targeting mammosphere formation. We isolated the compound 6-methoxymellein, which inhibits the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells, reduces mammosphere growth, decreases the proportion of CD44+/CD24− cells in breast cancer cells and decreases the expression of stemness-associated proteins c-Myc, Sox-2 and Oct4. 6-Methoxymellein reduces the nuclear localization of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit p65 and p50. Subsequently, 6-methoxymellein decreases the mRNA transcription and secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. Our data suggest that 6-methoxymellein may be an anticancer agent that inhibits BCSCs via NF-κB/IL-6 and IL-8 regulation.
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Nader J, Afif C, Louka N. Impact of a novel partial defatting technology on oxidative stability and sensory properties of peanut kernels. Food Chem 2020; 334:127581. [PMID: 32717687 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel process, 'mechanical expression preserving shape integrity', was conceived to prepare low-fat peanuts in response to health-conscious consumer demands. The main purpose of this study was to preserve the taste, aroma, and oxidative stability of the defatted product. Results generated from a central composite rotatable design showed that highest consumer sensory scores were reached at low pressures (4-6 MPa). Free fatty acid, peroxide, p-anisidine, and total oxidation values were mostly affected by water content [W] and pressure [P] with high correlation coefficients (82% < R2 < 87%). Overall, lipid oxidation and flavor fade were associated with higher defatting ratios and greater physical damage. The latter plays a major role in increasing the surface area and facilitating the access of oxygen to the remaining oil, thus rendering the defatted product more prone to oxidation. However, oxidation was reduced significantly using a Response Surface Methodology to optimize conditions ([W] 12.2 ± 0.6%d.b., [P] 6 ± 0.3 MPa and time [t] 18.2 ± 0.6 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Nader
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 48328, Lebanon; Laboratoire d'Intensification des Procédés Agro-Industriels (LIPAI), Unité de Recherche, Technologie et Valorisation Agroalimentaire (TVA), Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint Joseph, Campus des Sciences et Technologies, Mar Mikhael, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Charbel Afif
- Laboratoire d'Intensification des Procédés Agro-Industriels (LIPAI), Unité de Recherche, Technologie et Valorisation Agroalimentaire (TVA), Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint Joseph, Campus des Sciences et Technologies, Mar Mikhael, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Laboratoire d'Intensification des Procédés Agro-Industriels (LIPAI), Unité de Recherche, Technologie et Valorisation Agroalimentaire (TVA), Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint Joseph, Campus des Sciences et Technologies, Mar Mikhael, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon.
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Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Management of Cancer in Uganda: A Review of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Phytochemistry, and Anticancer Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3529081. [PMID: 32256639 PMCID: PMC7102457 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3529081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The burden of neoplastic diseases is a significant global health challenge accounting for thousands of deaths. In Uganda, about 32,617 cancer cases were reported in 2018, accompanied by 21,829 deaths. In a view to identify some potential anticancer plant candidates for possible drug development, the current study was designed to compile the inventory of plants with reported anticancer activity used in rural Uganda and the evidences supporting their use in cancer therapy. An electronic survey in multidisciplinary databases revealed that 29 plant species belonging to 28 genera distributed among 24 families have been reported to be used in the management of cancer in Uganda. Anticancer plants were majorly from the families Bignoniaceae (7%), Caricaceae (7%), Fabaceae (7%), Moraceae (7%), and Rutaceae (7%). Most species occur in the wild (52%), though some are cultivated (48%). The growth habit of the plants is as trees (55%) or herbs (45%). Anticancer extracts are usually prepared from leaves (29%), bark (24%), roots (21%), and fruits (13%) through decoctions (53%), as food spices (23%) or pounded to produce ointments that are applied topically (10%). Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, Opuntia species, Albizia coriaria (Welw. ex Oliver), Daucus carota L., Cyperus alatus (Nees) F. Muell., Markhamia lutea (Benth.) K. Schum., and Oxalis corniculata L. were the most frequently encountered species. As per global reports, Allium sativum L., Annona muricata L., Carica papaya L., Moringa oleifera Lam., Opuntia species, Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, and Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. are the most studied species, with the latter having vincristine and vinblastine anticancer drugs developed from it. Prostate, cervical, breast, and skin cancers are the top traditionally treated malignancies. There is a need to isolate and evaluate the anticancer potential of the bioactive compounds in the unstudied claimed plants, such as Cyperus alatus (Nees) F. Muell., Ficus dawei Hutch., Ficus natalensis Hochst., and Lovoa trichilioides Harms, and elucidate their mechanism of anticancer activity.
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Mohamed DA, Fouda K, Hamed IM, Abdelgayed SS. Protective effect of Kumquat fruits and carrot seeds extracts against brain aging in rats. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Protection of brain against accelerated aging helps avoiding the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. So, the current work was conducted to evaluate the rescuing role of kumquat fruits crude ethanol extract, carrot seeds ethanol and petroleum ether extracts against the brain aging induced by D-galactose in rats. Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into five groups. Group I was served as normal control, rats of group II were daily injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 150 mg/kg BW of D-galactose. Rats of group III, IV and V were daily injected i.p. with the same dose of D-galactose and administered orally with 250 mg/kg BW/day of kumquat fruits crude ethanol extract, carrot seeds ethanol extract and carrot seeds petroleum ether extract, respectively. After 6 weeks the rats were scarified, brain tissues were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) as well as histological examination. Also, the plasma was analyzed for MDA, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), creatinine and urea levels, as well as CAT, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities. Results: From the results, it was elucidated that the tested extracts suppressed both the reduction in CAT and the elevation in MDA either in brain or plasma and the increase in plasma TNF-α, BChE as well as liver and kidney parameters. Conclusion: The tested extracts can be served as potent protective agents against the accelerated aging parameters which may be due to anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Abdou Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Karem Fouda
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed Hamed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherein s. Abdelgayed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Daaboul HE, Dagher C, Taleb RI, Bodman-Smith K, Shebaby WN, El-Sibai M, Mroueh MA, Daher CF. β-2-Himachalen-6-ol inhibits 4T1 cells-induced metastatic triple negative breast carcinoma in murine model. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 309:108703. [PMID: 31194954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
β-2-himachalen-6-ol (HC), a major sesquiterpene isolated from the Lebanese wild carrot umbels, was shown to possess remarkable in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities. The present study investigates the anti-metastatic activity of HC post 4T1 breast cancer cells inoculation in a murine model. The effect of HC on 4T1 cell viability was assessed using WST-1 kit, while cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Tumor development and metastasis were evaluated by injecting 4T1 cells in the mice mammary gland region followed by either HC or cisplatin treatment. The 6-thioguanine assay was used for the quantification of metastatic cells in the blood. HC treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability with IC50 and IC90 values of 7 and 28 μg/mL respectively. Concomitant treatment with cisplatin significantly reduced cell viability when compared to cells treated with cisplatin or HC alone. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase (p˂0.05) in cell count in the Sub-G1 phase at HC 10 μg/mL, and total DNA fragmentation (p˂0.001) at HC 25 μg/mL. Annexin/PI staining showed early and late apoptotic mode of cell death upon treatment with HC. Histopathological evaluation revealed less incidence of primary and metastatic tumor/inflammation in the HC and cisplatin treated groups. Tumor size and colony-forming units were significantly decreased in the HC treated group. HC treatment induced cell cycle arrest, promoted apoptosis and reduced the incidence of primary and metastatic lesions caused by 4T1 cells. The present findings suggest that HC has an anti-metastatic potential against aggressive types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid E Daaboul
- Department of Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Carole Dagher
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Lebanon.
| | - Robin I Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Kikki Bodman-Smith
- Department of Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Wassim N Shebaby
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad A Mroueh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Costantine F Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
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Daaboul HE, Dagher C, Taleb RI, Bodman-Smith K, Shebaby WN, El-Sibai M, Mroueh MA, Daher CF. The chemotherapeutic effect of β-2-himachalen-6-ol in chemically induced skin tumorigenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:443-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Daaboul HE, Daher CF, Taleb RI, Boulos J, Bodman-Smith K, Boukamp P, Shebaby WN, Dagher C, El-Sibai M, Mroueh MA. β-2-himachalen-6-ol protects against skin cancer development in vitro and in vivo. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1552-1564. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous studies in our laboratory showed that Daucus carota oil extract (DCOE) possesses remarkable in-vitro anticancer activity and antitumour promoting effect against DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis in mice. Chemical analysis of DCOE led to the isolation of the β-2-himachalen-6-ol (HC), major sesquiterpene with a potent anticancer activity against various colon, breast, brain and skin cancer cells. This study investigated the anticancer activity of HC against invasive epidermal squamous cell carcinoma cells and evaluated its effect in a DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis Balb/c murine model.
Methods
HaCaT-ras II-4 epidermal squamous cells were treated with HC (1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μg/ml), and cell viability was evaluated with WST 1 assay kit. Cell cycle analysis was carried out by flow cytometry, and pro/anti-apoptotic proteins were measured using Western blot. The effect of topical and intraperitoneal (IP) treatment with HC in mice was assessed using the DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis model. Cisplatin (2.5 mg/kg; IP) was used as a positive control. Papilloma incidence, yield and volume were monitored, and isolated papillomas were assessed for their pro/anti-apoptotic proteins and morphology.
Results
β-2-himachalen-6-ol showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell survival with an IC50 and IC90 of 8 and 30 μg/ml, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that treatment with 10 μg/ml HC significantly increased the number of cells undergoing late apoptosis (28%), while 25 μg/ml caused a larger cell shift towards late apoptosis (46.6%) and necrosis (39%). A significant decrease in protein levels of p53 and Bcl-2 and a significant increase in p21 and Bax were observed. Also, there was a significant decrease in p-Erk and p-Akt protein levels. The treatment of mice (IP and topical) with HC caused a significant decrease in papilloma yield, incidence and volume. Similar effects were observed with cisplatin treatment, but HC-treated groups exhibited twofold to threefold increase in survival rates. Similar patterns in the pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins were observed in mice treated with HC, except for a significant increase in p53 protein.
Conclusions
In conclusion, HC treatment induced cell cycle arrest (low dose) and promoted apoptosis partly via inhibition of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways with no significant toxicity to laboratory mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid E Daaboul
- Department of Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Costantine F Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Robin I Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Boulos
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Kikki Bodman-Smith
- Department of Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Petra Boukamp
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum DKFZ, German Cancer Research Center, Genetics of Skin Carcinogenesis, Heidelberg, Germany
- IUF–Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wassim N Shebaby
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Carol Dagher
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad A Mroueh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
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Daaboul HE, Daher CF, Bodman-Smith K, Taleb RI, Shebaby WN, Boulos J, Dagher C, Mroueh MA, El-Sibai M. Antitumor activity of β-2-himachalen-6-ol in colon cancer is mediated through its inhibition of the PI3K and MAPK pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 275:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
The liver has the crucial role in the regulation of various physiological processes and in the excretion of endogenous waste metabolites and xenobiotics. Liver structure impairment can be caused by various factors including microorganisms, autoimmune diseases, chemicals, alcohol and drugs. The plant kingdom is full of liver protective chemicals such as phenols, coumarins, lignans, essential oils, monoterpenes, carotenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, lipids, alkaloids and xanthenes. Apiaceae plants are usually used as a vegetable or as a spice, but their other functional properties are also very important. This review highlights the significance of caraway, dill, cumin, aniseed, fennel, coriander, celery, lovage, angelica, parsley and carrot, which are popular vegetables and spices, but possess hepatoprotective potential. These plants can be used for medicinal applications to patients who suffer from liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica G. Aćimović
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša B. Milić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Shebaby WN, Mroueh MA, Boukamp P, Taleb RI, Bodman-Smith K, El-Sibai M, Daher CF. Wild carrot pentane-based fractions suppress proliferation of human HaCaT keratinocytes and protect against chemically-induced skin cancer. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:36. [PMID: 28073348 PMCID: PMC5223476 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies in our laboratory showed that the Lebanese Daucus carota ssp. carota (wild carrot) oil extract possesses in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities. The present study aims to examine the cytotoxic effect of Daucus carota oil fractions on human epidermal keratinocytes and evaluate the chemopreventive activity of the pentane diethyl ether fraction on DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. METHODS Wild carrot oil extract was chromatographed to yield four fractions (F1, 100% pentane; F2, 50:50 pentane:diethyl ether; F3, 100% diethyl ether; F4 93:7 chloroform:methanol). The cytotoxic effect of fractions (10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL) was tested on human epidermal keratinocytes (non-tumorigenic HaCaT cells and tumorigenic HaCaT-ras variants) using WST a ssay. Cell cycle phase distribution of tumorigenic HaCaT-ras variants was determined by flow cytometry post-treatment with F2 fraction. Apoptosis related proteins were also assessed using western blot. The antitumor activity of F2 fraction was also evaluated using a DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinoma in Balb/c mice. RESULTS All fractions exhibited significant cytotoxicity, with HaCaT cells being 2.4-3 times less sensitive than HaCaT-ras A5 (benign tumorigenic), and HaCaT-ras II4 (malignant) cells. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a major compound (around 60%) in the pentane/diethylether fraction (F2), identified as 2-himachalen-6-ol. Treatment of HaCaT-ras A5 and HaCaT-ras II4 cells with F2 fraction resulted in the accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 apoptotic phase and decreased the population of cells in the S and G2/M phases. Additionally, F2 fraction treatment caused an up-regulation of the expression of pro-apoptotic (Bax) and down-regulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) proteins. A decrease in the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK was also observed. Intraperitoneal treatment with F2 fraction (50 or 200 mg/kg) in the DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis mouse model showed a significant inhibition of papilloma incidence (mice with papilloma), yield (number of papilloma/mouse) and volume (tumor relative size) at weeks 15, 18 and 21. CONCLUSION The present data reveal that F2 fraction has a remarkable antitumor activity against DMBA/TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis, an effect that may be mediated through inhibition of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways.
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