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Bourdas DI, Travlos AK, Souglis A, Stavropoulou G, Zacharakis E, Gofas DC, Bakirtzoglou P. Effects of a Singular Dose of Mangiferin-Quercetin Supplementation on Basketball Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study of High-Level Male Players. Nutrients 2024; 16:170. [PMID: 38201999 PMCID: PMC10781150 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-exercise mangiferin-quercetin may enhance athletic performance. This study investigated the effect of mangiferin-quercetin supplementation on high-level male basketball players during a basketball exercise simulation test (BEST) comprising 24 circuits of 30 s activities with various movement distances. The participants were divided into two groups (EXP = 19 and CON = 19) and given a placebo one hour before the BEST (PRE-condition). The following week, the EXP group received mangiferin-quercetin (84 mg/140 mg), while the CON group received a placebo (POST-condition) before the BEST in a double-blind, cross-over design. The mean heart rate (HR) and circuit and sprint times (CT and ST) during the BEST were measured, along with the capillary blood lactate levels (La-), the subjective rating of muscle soreness (RPMS), and the perceived exertion (RPE) during a resting state prior to and following the BEST. The results showed significant interactions for the mean CT (p = 0.013) and RPE (p = 0.004); a marginal interaction for La- (p = 0.054); and non-significant interactions for the mean HR, mean ST, and RPMS. Moreover, the EXP group had significantly lower values in the POST condition for the mean CT (18.17 ± 2.08 s) and RPE (12.42 ± 1.02) compared to the PRE condition (20.33 ± 1.96 s and 13.47 ± 1.22, respectively) and the POST condition of the CON group (20.31 ± 2.10 s and 13.32 ± 1.16, respectively) (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of pre-game mangiferin-quercetin supplementation to enhance intermittent high-intensity efforts in sports such as basketball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios I. Bourdas
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Antonios K. Travlos
- Department of Sports Organization and Management, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Efstathiou and Stamatikis Valioti & Plataion Avenue, 23100 Sparta, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Souglis
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Georgia Stavropoulou
- School of Philosophy and Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Emmanouil Zacharakis
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Dimitrios C. Gofas
- Arsakeia-Tositseia Schools, Philekpaideftiki Etaireia, Mitilinis 26, 11256 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panteleimon Bakirtzoglou
- Faculty of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, Metropolitan College, Eleftheriou Venizelou 14, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Martinez-Canton M, Galvan-Alvarez V, Garcia-Gonzalez E, Gallego-Selles A, Gelabert-Rebato M, Garcia-Perez G, Santana A, Lopez-Rios L, Vega-Morales T, Martin-Rincon M, Calbet JAL. A Mango Leaf Extract (Zynamite ®) Combined with Quercetin Has Exercise-Mimetic Properties in Human Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2023; 15:2848. [PMID: 37447175 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Zynamite PX®, a mango leaf extract combined with quercetin, enhances exercise performance by unknown molecular mechanisms. Twenty-five volunteers were assigned to a control (17 males) or supplementation group (8 males, receiving 140 mg of Zynamite® + 140 mg quercetin/8 h for 2 days). Then, they performed incremental exercise to exhaustion (IE) followed by occlusion of the circulation in one leg for 60 s. Afterwards, the cuff was released, and a 30 s sprint was performed, followed by 90 s circulatory occlusion (same leg). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained at baseline, 20 s after IE (occluded leg) and 10 s after Wingate (occluded leg), and bilaterally at 90 s and 30 min post exercise. Compared to the controls, the Zynamite PX® group showed increased basal protein expression of Thr287-CaMKIIδD (2-fold, p = 0.007) and Ser9-GSK3β (1.3-fold, p = 0.005) and a non-significant increase of total NRF2 (1.7-fold, p = 0.099) and Ser40-NRF2 (1.2-fold, p = 0.061). In the controls, there was upregulation with exercise and recovery of total NRF2, catalase, glutathione reductase, and Thr287-CaMKIIδD (1.2-2.9-fold, all p < 0.05), which was not observed in the Zynamite PX® group. In conclusion, Zynamite PX® elicits muscle signaling changes in resting skeletal muscle resembling those described for exercise training and partly abrogates the stress kinases responses to exercise as observed in trained muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Giovanni Garcia-Perez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Rios
- Nektium Pharma, Las Mimosas 8, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, 0806 Oslo, Norway
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3
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Zhou H, Song S, Lan X, Li Y, Yuan X, Yang J, Li M, Cao T, Zhang J. Comprehensive Profiling of Mangiferin Metabolites In Vivo and In Vitro Based on the "Drug Metabolite Clusters" Analytical Strategy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9934-9946. [PMID: 36969398 PMCID: PMC10035007 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mangiferin, a natural flavonoid compound with multiple biological activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor), has gained increased research interest in recent years. Nevertheless, the metabolic processing of mangiferin has not been fully investigated. In this study, a rapid and efficient analytical strategy named "Drug Metabolite Clusters" was applied for comprehensive profiling of mangiferin metabolites in rat plasma, urine, and feces samples in vivo following oral administration and liver microsomes in vitro. First, the biological samples were pretreated with methanol, acetonitrile, and solid phase extraction (SPE) for further liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Second, the raw data were acquired using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole exactive orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS) under the positive and negative full-scan/dd MS2 modes. Third, mangiferin and its basic metabolites (norathyriol, trihydroxyxanthone, and dihydroxyxanthone) were selected as mangiferin metabolite cluster centers by referring to the relevant literature. Subsequently, according to the pyrolysis law of mass spectrometry, literature reports, and reference material comparison, especially the diagnostic product ions (DPIs), the candidate metabolites were accurately preliminarily identified, and mangiferin metabolite clusters based on metabolite cluster center changes were formed. As a result, a total of 67 mangiferin metabolites (mangiferin included) were detected, including 29 in plasma, 48 in urine, 12 in feces, and 6 in liver microsomes. Among them, trihydroxyxanthones were first detected in rat urine samples after oral mangiferin. We found that mangiferin mainly underwent deglucosylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and other composite reactions in rats. Herein, we have elucidated the metabolites and metabolic pathways of mangiferin in vivo and in vitro, which provided an essential theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies of mangiferin and a comprehensive research method for the identification of drug metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhou
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
| | - Shuyi Song
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Xianming Lan
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Min Li
- Yantai
Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264001, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
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4
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Meng F, Zhang F, Chen Q, Yang M, Yang Y, Li X, Gu W, Yu J. Virtual screening and in vitro experimental verification of LuxS inhibitors from natural products for Lactobacillus reuteri. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112521. [PMID: 35149360 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid proliferation and colonization of probiotics in the intestines are essential for human health. Quorum sensing (QS) is a communication mechanism among bacteria, which can regulate various bacterial crowd behavior. This study aimed to enhance the viability of Lactobacillus reuteri 1-12 by regulating QS. Herein, we built a database containing 72 natural products (previously reported) that can improve intestinal flora. Virtual screening (VS) was subsequently conducted to screen four potential active compounds. After that, molecular docking was conducted to analyze the binding mode of the four natural products to S-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS). The results showed that norathyriol, mangiferin, baicalein, and kaempferol had good binding ability to LuxS. The validation experiment showed that norathyriol, mangiferin, baicalein, and kaempferol could inhibit the production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2). Moreover, mangiferin significantly increased L. reuteri 1-12 biomass and promoted L. reuteri 1-12 biofilm formation and structure. Besides, only mangiferin inhibited luxS expression, thus increasing L. reuteri 1-12 biomass. This research indicated that mangiferin may be a potential inhibitor of LuxS, promoting the probiotic properties of L. reuteri and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanying Meng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiuding Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Yang
- Kunming Third People's Hospital, 319 Wujing Road, Guandu District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaqin Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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5
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Orhan IE, Deniz FSS. Natural Products and Extracts as Xantine Oxidase Inhibitors - A Hope for Gout Disease? Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:143-158. [PMID: 32723252 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200728144605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2) (XO) is one of the main enzymatic sources that create reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the living system. It is a dehydrogenase enzyme that performs electron transfer to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), while oxidizing hypoxanthin, which is an intermediate compound in purine catabolism, first to xanthine and then to uric acid. XO turns into an oxidant enzyme that oxidizes thiol groups under certain stress conditions in the tissue. The last metabolic step, in which hypoxanthin turns into uric acid, is catalyzed by XO. Uric acid, considered a waste product, can cause kidney stones and gouty-type arthritis as it is crystallized, when present in high concentrations. Thus, XO inhibitors are one of the drug classes used against gout, a purine metabolism disease that causes urate crystal storage in the joint and its surroundings caused by hyperuricemia. Urate-lowering therapy includes XO inhibitors that reduce uric acid production as well as uricosuric drugs that increase urea excretion. Current drugs that obstruct uric acid synthesis through XO inhibition are allopurinol, febuxostat, and uricase. However, since the side effects, safety and tolerability problems of some current gout medications still exist, intensive research is ongoing to look for new, effective, and safer XO inhibitors of natural or synthetic origins for the treatment of the disease. In the present review, we aimed to assess in detail XO inhibitory capacities of pure natural compounds along with the extracts from plants and other natural sources via screening Pubmed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Google Academic. The data pointed out to the fact that natural products, particularly phenolics such as flavonoids (quercetin, apigenin, and scutellarein), tannins (agrimoniin and ellagitannin), chalcones (melanoxethin), triterpenes (ginsenoside Rd and ursolic acid), stilbenes (resveratrol and piceatannol), alkaloids (berberin and palmatin) have a great potential for new XO inhibitors capable of use against gout disease. In addition, not only plants but other biological sources such as microfungi, macrofungi, lichens, insects (silk worms, ants, etc) seem to be the promising sources of novel XO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay E Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma S S Deniz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Hasanah U, Miki K, Nitoda T, Kanzaki H. Aerobic bioconversion of C-glycoside mangiferin into its aglycone norathyriol by an isolated mouse intestinal bacterium. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:989-997. [PMID: 33710320 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Norathyriol is an aglycone of a xanthonoid C-glycoside mangiferin that possesses different bioactive properties useful for humans compared to mangiferin. Mangiferin is more readily available in nature than norathyriol; thus, efficient mangiferin conversion into norathyriol is desirable. There are a few reports regarding mangiferin C-deglycosylation because of the C-C bond resistance toward acid, alkaline, and enzyme hydrolysis. In this study, we isolated a mangiferin-deglycosylating bacterium strain KM7-1 from the mouse intestine. 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that KM7-1 belongs to the Bacillus genus. Compared to the taxonomically similar bacteria, the growth characteristic of facultative anaerobic and thermophilic resembled, yet only Bacillus sp. KM7-1 was able to convert mangiferin into norathyriol. Resting cells of Bacillus sp. KM7-1 obtained from aerobic cultivation at 50 °C showed high norathyriol formation from 1 m m of mangiferin. Norathyriol formation can be conducted either under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, and the reaction depended on time and bacterial amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswatun Hasanah
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kasumi Miki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Nitoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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7
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Chen L, Luo Z, Wang M, Cheng J, Li F, Lu H, He Q, You Y, Zhou X, Kwan HY, Zhao X, Zhou L. The Efficacy and Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Lowering Serum Uric Acid Levels: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:578318. [PMID: 33568990 PMCID: PMC7868570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.578318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Chinese herbal medicines are widely used to lower serum uric acid levels. However, no systemic review summarizes and evaluates their efficacies and the underlying mechanisms of action. Objectives. To evaluate the clinical and experimental evidences for the effectiveness and the potential mechanism of Chinese herbal medicines in lowering serum uric acid levels. Methods. Four electronic databases PubMed, Wed of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase were used to search for Chinese herbal medicines for their effects in lowering serum uric acid levels, dated from 1 January 2009 to 19 August 2020. For clinical trials, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included; and for experimental studies, original articles were included. The methodological quality of RCTs was assessed according to the Cochrane criteria. For clinical trials, a meta-analysis of continuous variables was used to obtain pooled effects. For experimental studies, lists were used to summarize and integrate the mechanisms involved. Results. A total of 10 clinical trials and 184 experimental studies were included. Current data showed that Chinese herbal medicines have promising clinical efficacies in patients with elevated serum uric acid levels (SMD: −1.65, 95% CI: −3.09 to −0.22; p = 0.024). There was no significant difference in serum uric acid levels between Chinese herbal medicine treatments and Western medicine treatments (SMD: −0.13, 95% CI: −0.99 to 0.74; p = 0.772). Experimental studies revealed that the mechanistic signaling pathways involved in the serum uric acid lowering effects include uric acid synthesis, uric acid transport, inflammation, renal fibrosis and oxidative stress. Conclusions. The clinical studies indicate that Chinese herbal medicines lower serum uric acid levels. Further studies with sophisticated research design can further demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these Chinese herbal medicines in lowering serum uric acid levels and reveal a comprehensive picture of the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengmao Luo
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hanqi Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxing He
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting You
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Li Q, Lin H, Niu Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Song L, Gao L, Li L. Mangiferin promotes intestinal elimination of uric acid by modulating intestinal transporters. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173490. [PMID: 32827538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that the intestinal tract plays an important role in maintaining urate homeostasis and might be a potential therapeutic target for hyperuricaemia. However, uric acid-lowering drugs available in the clinic do not target intestinal excretion as a therapeutic strategy. We previously reported that mangiferin had potent hypouricaemic effects in hyperuricaemic animals. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely clear. Here, we investigated the effects of mangiferin on the intestinal excretion of urate and its underlying mechanisms. The data revealed that mangiferin concentration-dependently promoted the intestinal secretion of endogenous urate in in situ intestinal closed loops in normal and hyperuricaemic mice, as well as inhibited the absorption of exogenous uric acid perfused into the intestinal loops in rats. Administration of mangiferin not only decreased the serum urate levels in the hyperuricaemic mice but also increased the protein expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) and inhibited the protein expression of glucose transporter 9 (GLUT 9) in the intestine. These findings suggested that intestinal ABCG2 and GLUT9 might be pivotal and possible action sites for the observed hypouricaemic effects. Moreover, no significant changes in intestinal xanthine oxidoreductase activities were observed, suggesting that mangiferin did not affect intestinal uric acid generation in the hyperuricaemic mice. Overall, promoting intestinal elimination of urate by upregulating ABCG2 expression and downregulating GLUT9 expression might be an important mechanism underlying mangiferin lowering serum uric acid levels. Mangiferin supplementation might be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Li
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yanfen Niu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liudong Song
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lihui Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ling Li
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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9
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Liu L, Zhang L, Ren L, Xie Y. Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410205 China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Huaihua University Huaihua 418000 China
| | - Licheng Ren
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410205 China
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yixi Xie
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410205 China
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China
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10
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Martin-Rincon M, Gelabert-Rebato M, Galvan-Alvarez V, Gallego-Selles A, Martinez-Canton M, Lopez-Rios L, Wiebe JC, Martin-Rodriguez S, Arteaga-Ortiz R, Dorado C, Perez-Regalado S, Santana A, Morales-Alamo D, Calbet JAL. Supplementation with a Mango Leaf Extract (Zynamite®) in Combination with Quercetin Attenuates Muscle Damage and Pain and Accelerates Recovery after Strenuous Damaging Exercise. Nutrients 2020; 12:E614. [PMID: 32110986 PMCID: PMC7146389 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged or unusual exercise may cause exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). To test whether Zynamite®, a mango leaf extract rich in the natural polyphenol mangiferin, administered in combination with quercetin facilitates recovery after EIMD, 24 women and 33 men were randomly assigned to two treatment groups matched by sex and 5 km running performance, and ran a 10 km race followed by 100 drop jumps to elicit EIMD. One hour before the competition, and every 8 hours thereafter for 24 hours, they ingested placebo (728 mg of maltodextrin) or 140 mg of Zynamite® combined with 140 mg of quercetin (double-blind). Although competition times were similar, polyphenol supplementation attenuated the muscle pain felt after the competition (6.8 ± 1.5 and 5.7 ± 2.2 a.u., p = 0.035) and the loss of jumping performance (9.4 ± 11.5 and 3.9 ± 5.2%, p = 0.036; p = 0.034) and mechanical impulse (p = 0.038) 24 hours later. The polyphenols attenuated the increase of serum myoglobin and alanine aminotransferase in men, but not in women (interaction p < 0.05). In conclusion, a single dose of 140 mg Zynamite® combined with 140 mg of quercetin, administered one hour before competition, followed by three additional doses every eight hours, attenuates muscle pain and damage, and accelerates the recovery of muscle performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (L.L.-R.); (J.C.W.)
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Laura Lopez-Rios
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (L.L.-R.); (J.C.W.)
| | - Julia C. Wiebe
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (L.L.-R.); (J.C.W.)
| | - Saul Martin-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Rafael Arteaga-Ortiz
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Sergio Perez-Regalado
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Clinical Genetics Unit, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - David Morales-Alamo
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (M.M.-R.); (M.G.-R.); (V.G.-A.); (A.G.-S.); (M.M.-C.); (S.M.-R.); (R.A.-O.); (C.D.); (S.P.-R.); (A.S.); (D.M.-A.)
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, 0806 Oslo, Norway
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11
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Li X, Yan Z, Carlström M, Tian J, Zhang X, Zhang W, Wu S, Ye F. Mangiferin Ameliorates Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Which Is Associated With Downregulation of AQP2 and Increased Urinary Uric Acid Excretion. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:49. [PMID: 32116724 PMCID: PMC7020245 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is characterized by abnormally high level of circulating uric acid in the blood and is associated with increased risk of kidney injury. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) involve oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis. Mangiferin is a bioactive C-glucoside xanthone, which has been exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and antioxidative effects in many diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mangiferin treatment in HN. In a mouse model of HN, we observed lower circulating urate levels and ameliorated renal dysfunction with mangiferin treatment, which was associated with reduced renal inflammation and fibrosis. We next investigated the mechanism of urate lowering effect of mangiferin. Metabolic cage experiment showed that mangiferin-administrated mice excreted significantly more urinary uric acid due to elevated urine output, but no marked change in urine uric acid concentration. Expressions of water channels and urate transporters were further assessed by western blot. Renal AQP2 expression was decreased, yet urate transporters URAT1, GLUT9, and OAT1 expressions were not affected by mangiferin in HN mice. Moreover, mangiferin treatment also normalized xanthine oxidase and SOD activity in HN mice, which would decrease uric acid synthesis and improve oxidative stress, respectively. Therefore, our results reveal a novel mechanism whereby mangiferin can reduce serum uric acid levels by promoting AQP2-related urinary uric acid excretion. This study suggested that mangiferin could be a multi-target therapeutic candidate to prevent HN via mechanisms that involve increased excretion and decreased production of uric acid and modulation of inflammatory, fibrotic, and oxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhenxin Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinying Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Song Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Gelabert-Rebato M, Martin-Rincon M, Galvan-Alvarez V, Gallego-Selles A, Martinez-Canton M, Vega-Morales T, Wiebe JC, Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Castilla-Hernandez E, Diaz-Tiberio O, Calbet JAL. A Single Dose of The Mango Leaf Extract Zynamite ® in Combination with Quercetin Enhances Peak Power Output During Repeated Sprint Exercise in Men and Women. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2592. [PMID: 31661850 PMCID: PMC6893764 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mango leaf extract rich in mangiferin Zynamite® improves exercise performance when combined with luteolin or quercetin ingested at least 48 h prior to exercise. To determine whether a single dose of Zynamite® administered 1 h before exercise increases repeated-sprint performance, 20 men and 20 women who were physically active were randomly assigned to three treatments following a double-blind cross-over counterbalanced design. Treatment A, 140 mg of Zynamite®, 140 mg of quercetin, 147.7 mg of maltodextrin, and 420 mg of sunflower lecithin; Treatment B, 140 mg of Zynamite®, 140 mg of quercetin, and 2126 mg of maltodextrin and Treatment C, 2548 mg of maltodextrin (placebo). Subjects performed three Wingate tests interspaced by 4 min and a final 15 s sprint after ischemia. Treatments A and B improved peak power output during the first three Wingates by 2.8% and 3.8%, respectively (treatment x sprint interaction, p = 0.01). Vastus Lateralis oxygenation (NIRS) was reduced, indicating higher O2 extraction (treatment × sprint interaction, p = 0.01). Improved O2 extraction was observed in the sprints after ischemia (p = 0.008; placebo vs. mean of treatments A and B). Blood lactate concentration was 5.9% lower after the ingestion of Zynamite® with quercetin in men (treatment by sex interaction, p = 0.049). There was a higher Vastus Lateralis O2 extraction during 60 s ischemia with polyphenols (treatment effect, p = 0.03), due to the greater muscle VO2 in men (p = 0.001). In conclusion, a single dose of Zynamite® combined with quercetin one hour before exercise improves repeated-sprint performance and muscle O2 extraction and mitochondrial O2. consumption during ischemia. No advantage was obtained from the addition of phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | | | - Julia C Wiebe
- Nektium Pharma, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Constanza Fernandez-Del Castillo
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Castilla-Hernandez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Oriana Diaz-Tiberio
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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13
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Gut microbial transformation, a potential improving factor in the therapeutic activities of four groups of natural compounds isolated from herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 2019; 138:104293. [PMID: 31398447 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicines (HMs) have attracted widespread attention because of their significant contributions to the prevention and treatment of many human diseases. Recently, gut microbiota has become an important frontier to understand the therapeutic mechanisms of medicines. Gut microbiota-mediated transformation is a microbial metabolic form after oral administrations of HMs compounds. A great number of studies showed that gut microbiota could transform some HMs compounds by the variation of chemical structures into several active metabolites, which exerted better bioavailabilities and therapeutic activities than their parent compounds. Among these HMs compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols and terpenoids were the representative ones. However, there is no systemic review focusing on the potential improved therapeutic activities of these natural compounds caused by gut microbial transformation. Here, this review summarizes the therapeutic activities that are more potent in microbial transformed metabolites than in their parent compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols and terpenoids) from HMs. We hope this review will be conducive to deepening the understanding of the relationship between gut microbial transformation and therapeutic activities of HMs compounds.
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14
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Dual actions of norathyriol as a new candidate hypouricaemic agent: uricosuric effects and xanthine oxidase inhibition. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:371-380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Enhancement of Exercise Performance by 48 Hours, and 15-Day Supplementation with Mangiferin and Luteolin in Men. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020344. [PMID: 30736383 PMCID: PMC6412949 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural polyphenols mangiferin and luteolin have free radical-scavenging properties, induce the antioxidant gene program and down-regulate the expression of superoxide-producing enzymes. However, the effects of these two polyphenols on exercise capacity remains mostly unknown. To determine whether a combination of luteolin (peanut husk extract containing 95% luteolin, PHE) and mangiferin (mango leave extract (MLE), Zynamite®) at low (PHE: 50 mg/day; and 140 mg/day of MLE containing 100 mg of mangiferin; L) and high doses (PHE: 100 mg/day; MLE: 420 mg/day; H) may enhance exercise performance, twelve physically active men performed incremental exercise to exhaustion, followed by sprint and endurance exercise after 48 h (acute effects) and 15 days of supplementation (prolonged effects) with polyphenols or placebo, following a double-blind crossover design. During sprint exercise, mangiferin + luteolin supplementation enhanced exercise performance, facilitated muscle oxygen extraction, and improved brain oxygenation, without increasing the VO₂. Compared to placebo, mangiferin + luteolin increased muscle O₂ extraction during post-exercise ischemia, and improved sprint performance after ischemia-reperfusion likely by increasing glycolytic energy production, as reflected by higher blood lactate concentrations after the sprints. Similar responses were elicited by the two doses tested. In conclusion, acute and prolonged supplementation with mangiferin combined with luteolin enhances performance, muscle O₂ extraction, and brain oxygenation during sprint exercise, at high and low doses.
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16
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Xue W, Tian J, Wang XS, Xia J, Wu S. Discovery of potent PTP1B inhibitors via structure-based drug design, synthesis and in vitro bioassay of Norathyriol derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:224-234. [PMID: 30716620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has recently been identified as a potential target of Norathyriol. Unfortunately, Norathyriol is not a potent PTP1B inhibitor, which somewhat hinders its further application. Based on the fact that no study on the relationship of chemical structure and PTP1B inhibitory activity of Norathyriol has been reported so far, we attempted to perform structural optimization so as to improve the potency for PTP1B. Via structure-based drug design (SBDD), a rational strategy based on the binding mode of Norathyriol to PTP1B, we designed 26 derivatives with substitutions at the four phenolic hydroxyl groups of Norathyriol. By chemical synthesis and in vitro bioassay, we identified seven PTP1B inhibitors that were more potent than Norathyriol, of which XWJ24 showed the highest potency (IC50: 0.6 μM). We also found out that XWJ24 was a competitive inhibitor and showed the 4.5-fold selectivity over its close homolog, TC-PTP. Through molecular docking of XWJ24 against PTP1B, we highlighted the essential role of its hydrogen bond with Asp181 for PTP1B inhibition and identified a potential halogen bond with Asp48 that was not observed for Norathyriol. The current data indicate that our SBDD strategy is effective to discover potent PTP1B-targeted Norathyriol derivatives, and XWJ24 is a promising lead compound for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of New Drug Research and Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinlong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of New Drug Research and Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Simon Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington DC 20059, USA
| | - Jie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of New Drug Research and Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of New Drug Research and Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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17
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Guo X, Cheng M, Hu P, Shi Z, Chen S, Liu H, Shi H, Xu Z, Tian X, Huang C. Absorption, Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics Profiles of Norathyriol, an Aglycone of Mangiferin, in Rats by HPLC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12227-12235. [PMID: 30298742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Norathyriol, an aglycone of mangiferin, is a bioactive tetrahydroxyxanthone present in mangosteen and many medicinal plants. However, the biological fate of norathyriol in vivo remains unclear. In this study, the absorption and metabolism of norathyriol in rats were evaluated through HPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that norathyriol was well absorbed, as indicated by its absolute bioavailability of 30.4%. Besides, a total of 21 metabolites of norathyriol were identified in rats, including methylated, glucuronidated, sulfated and glycosylated conjugates, which suggested norathyriol underwent extensive phase II metabolism. Among those metabolites, 15 metabolites were also identified in hepatocytes incubated with norathyriol, indicating the presence of hepatic metabolism. Furthermore, glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, rather than their parent compound, were found to be the main forms existing in vivo after administration of norathyriol, as implicated by the great increase of exposure of norathyriol determined after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and sulfatase. The information obtained from this study contributes to better understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of norathyriol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Mingcang Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Pei Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Zhangpeng Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Shuoji Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Huan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Haoyun Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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18
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Gelabert-Rebato M, Wiebe JC, Martin-Rincon M, Gericke N, Perez-Valera M, Curtelin D, Galvan-Alvarez V, Lopez-Rios L, Morales-Alamo D, Calbet JAL. Mangifera indica L. Leaf Extract in Combination With Luteolin or Quercetin Enhances VO 2peak and Peak Power Output, and Preserves Skeletal Muscle Function During Ischemia-Reperfusion in Humans. Front Physiol 2018; 9:740. [PMID: 29937737 PMCID: PMC6002676 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unknown whether polyphenols such as luteolin (Lut), mangiferin and quercetin (Q) have ergogenic effects during repeated all-out prolonged sprints. Here we tested the effect of Mangifera indica L. leaf extract (MLE) rich in mangiferin (Zynamite®) administered with either quercetin (Q) and tiger nut extract (TNE), or with luteolin (Lut) on sprint performance and recovery from ischemia-reperfusion. Thirty young volunteers were randomly assigned to three treatments 48 h before exercise. Treatment A: placebo (500 mg of maltodextrin/day); B: 140 mg of MLE (60% mangiferin) and 50 mg of Lut/day; and C: 140 mg of MLE, 600 mg of Q and 350 mg of TNE/day. After warm-up, subjects performed two 30 s Wingate tests and a 60 s all-out sprint interspaced by 4 min recovery periods. At the end of the 60 s sprint the circulation of both legs was instantaneously occluded for 20 s. Then, the circulation was re-opened and a 15 s sprint performed, followed by 10 s recovery with open circulation, and another 15 s final sprint. MLE supplements enhanced peak (Wpeak) and mean (Wmean) power output by 5.0-7.0% (P < 0.01). After ischemia, MLE+Q+TNE increased Wpeak by 19.4 and 10.2% compared with the placebo (P < 0.001) and MLE+Lut (P < 0.05), respectively. MLE+Q+TNE increased Wmean post-ischemia by 11.2 and 6.7% compared with the placebo (P < 0.001) and MLE+Lut (P = 0.012). Mean VO2 during the sprints was unchanged, suggesting increased efficiency or recruitment of the anaerobic capacity after MLE ingestion. In women, peak VO2 during the repeated sprints was 5.8% greater after the administration of MLE, coinciding with better brain oxygenation. MLE attenuated the metaboreflex hyperpneic response post-ischemia, may have improved O2 extraction by the Vastus Lateralis (MLE+Q+TNE vs. placebo, P = 0.056), and reduced pain during ischemia (P = 0.068). Blood lactate, acid-base balance, and plasma electrolytes responses were not altered by the supplements. In conclusion, a MLE extract rich in mangiferin combined with either quercetin and tiger nut extract or luteolin exerts a remarkable ergogenic effect, increasing muscle power in fatigued subjects and enhancing peak VO2 and brain oxygenation in women during prolonged sprinting. Importantly, the combination of MLE+Q+TNE improves skeletal muscle contractile function during ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Nektium Pharma, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Mario Perez-Valera
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - David Curtelin
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Rios
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - David Morales-Alamo
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose A. L. Calbet
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Yang H, Bai W, Gao L, Jiang J, Tang Y, Niu Y, Lin H, Li L. Mangiferin alleviates hypertension induced by hyperuricemia via increasing nitric oxide releases. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 137:154-161. [PMID: 29934052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin, a natural glucosyl xanthone, was confirmed to be an effective uric acid (UA)- lowering agent with dual action of inhibiting production and promoting excretion of UA. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of mangiferin on alleviating hypertension induced by hyperuricemia. Mangiferin (30, 60, 120 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to hyperuricemic rats induced by gavage with potassium oxonate (750 mg/kg). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum levels of UA, nitric oxide (NO), C-reactionprotein (CRP) and ONOO- were measured. The mRNA and protein levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), CRP were also analyzed. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in vitro studies. Administration of mangiferin significantly decreased the serum urate level and SBP at 8 weeks and last to 12 weeks. Further more, mangiferin could increase the release of NO and decrease the level of CRP in blood. In addition, mangiferin reversed the protein expression of eNOS, CRP, ICAM-1 and ONOO- in aortic segments in hyperuricemic rats. The results in vitro were consistent with the observed results in vivo. Taken together, these data suggested that mangiferin has played an important part in alleviating hypertension induced by hyperuricemia via increasing NO secretion and improving endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenwei Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihui Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | | | - Yanfen Niu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Li
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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20
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Wang X, Gao L, Lin H, Song J, Wang J, Yin Y, Zhao J, Xu X, Li Z, Li L. Mangiferin prevents diabetic nephropathy progression and protects podocyte function via autophagy in diabetic rat glomeruli. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 824:170-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Ahn S, Yun H, Han YT. An Improved C-Deglycosylation of Mangiferin to Norathyriol. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2017.1405336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sungwan Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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