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Terrell KR, Stanton BR, Hamadi HY, Merten JW, Quinn N. Exploring life stressors, depression, and coping strategies in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:923-932. [PMID: 35427463 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: College students experience a variety of stressors that can increase the risk for mental health concerns, like depression. It is crucial for practitioners working on college campuses to understand the relationship among stressful life events, depression, and coping strategies. The purpose of this study was to explore life stressors' impact on reported depressive symptoms and how adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies moderate that relationship in college students. Participants: Data was used from a comprehensive health behavior survey. Participants included 969 college students. Methods: Multivariable logistic models were used to examine the association between stressful events, depression, and coping strategies. Results: Results from multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that college students who experienced life stressors and participated in more negative than positive coping strategies were 2.49 (95% CI = 1.34, 4.63) times more likely to experience depression. Conclusions: Implications and creative interventions are provided for mental health practitioners working on college campuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassie R Terrell
- Brooks College of Health, Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Bridget R Stanton
- Brooks College of Health, Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Hanadi Y Hamadi
- Brooks College of Health, Health Administration, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Julie W Merten
- Brooks College of Health, Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nathan Quinn
- Brooks College of Health, Public Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
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2
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Jones VL, Salgado García FI, Brewer LM, Pérez-Muñoz A, Schenck LAM, You Z, Andrasik F. The relaxation zone: Initial analysis of stress management services for university students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2106-2114. [PMID: 34788562 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1960846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We evaluated the Relaxation Zone (RZ), a room with "relaxation stations" designed to reduce stress in college students. Participants: Participants (N = 994) were enrolled during the 2019 calendar year. Most participants were female (62.8%), freshmen (59.3%), and African American (44.9%). Methods: Students visiting the RZ completed a brief pretest and posttest that measured self-reported stress. Results: Paired sample t-tests across class groups (e.g., freshman, sophomore) revealed a significant reduction in stress from pretest (Mpooled = 6.0) to posttest (Mpooled = 4.5), with medium to large effect sizes (Cohen's d ranging from 0.53 to 0.88) during their first visit. For students having at least two visits (N = 348), an exploratory dose-response analysis demonstrated that an optimal dose of self-guided relaxation ranged from two to eight visits. Conclusions: These findings provide initial evidence that programs like the RZ can reduce student stress within a few visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Jones
- Student Health and Counseling Services, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Logan M Brewer
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrea Pérez-Muñoz
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren A-M Schenck
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhiqi You
- Department of Social Work, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Frank Andrasik
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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3
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Lisnyj KT, Gillani N, Pearl DL, McWhirter JE, Papadopoulos A. Factors associated with stress impacting academic success among post-secondary students: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:851-861. [PMID: 34242132 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1909037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To synthesize peer-reviewed primary research exploring factors associated with perceived stress impacting post-secondary students' academic success. Methods: A systematic review identified research conducted in North America, Europe, and Australia in the last ten years across 12 databases. Results: Of the 6,214 references screened, 14 English articles published between 2011 and 2018 were deemed relevant. Subsequent analysis characterized articles by study design, location, population, factors with a statistically significant relationship with both perceived stress and academic success, and future research directions. Findings reveal a complex relationship among overlapping factors associated with perceived stress on academic success at both the intrapersonal (eg, academic, demographic, psychological, attitudinal, and behavioral characteristics) and interpersonal levels (eg, social capital). Conclusions: Further research should measure the association of the identified factors to inform areas where resources could be targeted within post-secondary institutions to prevent stress from unduly impacting students' educational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad T Lisnyj
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Nafisa Gillani
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - David L Pearl
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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4
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Sullivan K, Kuijer RG, Kerr JA. Stress, eating and weight change in first year students: the moderating role of self-compassion. Psychol Health 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36111595 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2122461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study sought to examine the drivers of weight change in first-year university students. The study examined the moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between stress, eating and weight change. Specifically, we expected that students low in self-compassion would respond to stress with unhealthy eating resulting in weight gain. We expected students high in self-compassion to be buffered from the negative effects of stress (moderated mediation model). METHODS First-year university students in New Zealand (N = 136) completed measures of healthy and unhealthy food intake and BMI at the beginning and end of the academic year. Self-compassion was measured at baseline only, and perceived stress was averaged over four time points across the year. RESULTS Students gained a significant 1.45 kg (SD 3.67 kg) of body weight. Self-compassion moderated the relationship between stress and changes in: (a) unhealthy (but not healthy) food intake, and (b) body weight. For those with low self-compassion, perceived stress was significantly related to an increase in BMI and, unexpectedly, to a decrease in unhealthy food intake. Changes in food intake did not explain changes in BMI. CONCLUSION Wellbeing interventions for university students to reduce negative effects of stress should incorporate concurrent training in self-compassion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Sullivan
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Roeline G Kuijer
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jessica A Kerr
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Xie Y, Wu J, Zhang C, Zhu L. Cumulative childhood trauma and cybervictimization among Chinese college students: Internet addiction as a mediator and roommate relationships as a moderator. Front Psychol 2022; 13:791291. [PMID: 36092086 PMCID: PMC9450690 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.791291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing studies have found that childhood trauma is a risk predictor of cybervictimization, but few studies have explored the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and college students' cybervictimization. This study explored the relationship and the roles of Internet addiction and Internet victimization between them. A total of 854 college students (568 females, M age = 18.92 years, SD = 0.86) completed a survey including the Short Form of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Cyberbullying Inventory, the Young's Internet Addiction Scale, and the revised Roommate Relationships Questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) cumulative childhood trauma was significantly positively associated with cybervictimization; (2) Internet addiction played a mediating role between cumulative childhood trauma and cybervictimization; and (3) roommate relationships played a moderating role between cumulative childhood trauma and cybervictimization, as well as Internet addiction and cybervictimization. The research findings provide a theoretical and practical basis for the prevention and intervention of college students' cybervictimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Xie
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jixia Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Educational Sciences, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyi Zhu
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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Unravelling Reciprocal Effects Among Young Adults’ Binge Drinking, Stress, and Anticipated Regret. Addict Behav 2022; 135:107432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Peisch V, Burt KB. The structure and function of coping in emerging adults. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Development and validation of a stress response measure: the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS). HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2022. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr/149819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTo date, there is a lack of measures for capturing a broad spectrum of psychophysiological stress reactions that can be administered on a daily basis and in different contexts. A need for such a measure is especially salient in settings where stress processes can unfold momentarily and substantially fluctuate daily. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to develop and validate the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS), an instrument capturing a broad spectrum of psycho-physiological stress reactions that can be administered in real time and in different contexts.Participants and procedureThe study was conducted in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Participants were 7228 (81% female) Polish university students. The data were collected anonymously through self-completion questionnaires. The DSRS was subject to confirmatory factor analyses (CFA).ResultsThe DSRS is a 30-item, easy-to-use stress response measure with excellent psychometric properties. Based on CFA results, the scale consists of two subscales, psychological and physiological stress response, which form associations with related external criteria.ConclusionsThe DSRS is a reliable and valid measure of psychological and physiological stress reactions that can be used to assess the stress response to daily stressors, including those of an acute nature, such as a crisis, trauma, or surgery.
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9
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Development and validation of a stress response measure: the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS). HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2022. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2022.116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTo date, there is a lack of measures for capturing a broad spectrum of psychophysiological stress reactions that can be administered on a daily basis and in different contexts. A need for such a measure is especially salient in settings where stress processes can unfold momentarily and substantially fluctuate daily. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to develop and validate the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS), an instrument capturing a broad spectrum of psycho-physiological stress reactions that can be administered in real time and in different contexts.Participants and procedureThe study was conducted in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Participants were 7228 (81% female) Polish university students. The data were collected anonymously through self-completion questionnaires. The DSRS was subject to confirmatory factor analyses (CFA).ResultsThe DSRS is a 30-item, easy-to-use stress response measure with excellent psychometric properties. Based on CFA results, the scale consists of two subscales, psychological and physiological stress response, which form associations with related external criteria.ConclusionsThe DSRS is a reliable and valid measure of psychological and physiological stress reactions that can be used to assess the stress response to daily stressors, including those of an acute nature, such as a crisis, trauma, or surgery.
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10
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An Exploratory Analysis of the Effect of Demographic Features on Sleeping Patterns and Academic Stress in Adolescents in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127032. [PMID: 35742281 PMCID: PMC9222687 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents typically engage in unhealthy lifestyle habits including short sleep and high academic stress. These in turn may have serious impacts on their development. The present study examines the effect of demographic characteristics on sleep patterns and academic stress in adolescents. A sample of 244 (119 females) junior high school adolescents aged between 11 and 16 were recruited from China. The Student Life Stress Questionnaire and the School Sleep Habits Survey were used to assess participants' sleep habits and academic stress. Multipair and corrected pairwise Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to assess the effect of school grade, gender, academic performance level, living situation, single child status, and parental education on adolescents' sleeping patterns and academic stress. Significant changes in facets of sleeping patterns emerged when examining groups of students in terms of school grade, living situation, and single-child status. Furthermore, caffeine consumption was found to be significantly higher in males, in students with poorer academic performances, and in single-child adolescents. Ultimately, academic stress was modulated by adolescents' school grade, academic performances, living situation, and single-child status. Developmental trajectories in sleep patterns together with differential exposure to stressors and adopted coping mechanisms are discussed in the manuscript.
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11
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Barbayannis G, Bandari M, Zheng X, Baquerizo H, Pecor KW, Ming X. Academic Stress and Mental Well-Being in College Students: Correlations, Affected Groups, and COVID-19. Front Psychol 2022; 13:886344. [PMID: 35677139 PMCID: PMC9169886 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Academic stress may be the single most dominant stress factor that affects the mental well-being of college students. Some groups of students may experience more stress than others, and the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic could further complicate the stress response. We surveyed 843 college students and evaluated whether academic stress levels affected their mental health, and if so, whether there were specific vulnerable groups by gender, race/ethnicity, year of study, and reaction to the pandemic. Using a combination of scores from the Perception of Academic Stress Scale (PAS) and the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS), we found a significant correlation between worse academic stress and poor mental well-being in all the students, who also reported an exacerbation of stress in response to the pandemic. In addition, SWEMWBS scores revealed the lowest mental health and highest academic stress in non-binary individuals, and the opposite trend was observed for both the measures in men. Furthermore, women and non-binary students reported higher academic stress than men, as indicated by PAS scores. The same pattern held as a reaction to COVID-19-related stress. PAS scores and responses to the pandemic varied by the year of study, but no obvious patterns emerged. These results indicate that academic stress in college is significantly correlated to psychological well-being in the students who responded to this survey. In addition, some groups of college students are more affected by stress than others, and additional resources and support should be provided to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Barbayannis
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Mahindra Bandari
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Humberto Baquerizo
- Office for Diversity and Community Engagement, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Keith W. Pecor
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, United States
| | - Xue Ming
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
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12
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Trevino JE, Monsur M, Lindquist CS, Simpson CR. Student and Nature Interactions and Their Impact on Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095030. [PMID: 35564425 PMCID: PMC9099854 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Passive and active interactions with nature reduce stress, anxiety, and depression. Populations that experience increased stress often have fewer interactions with nature due to many factors. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has created a new stressor for all populations due to sickness, isolation, financial burdens, or other factors. University students were particularly impacted due to the change to online modalities, which isolated them from other students. To assess if any negative or other consequences were experienced and if nature factors could mitigate them, we examined how plant interactions affected university students (N = 353) in an online learning environment. Two modified Depression Anxiety Stress Surveys (DASS; Depression Anxiety Stress and Academic Stress, DASA) were administered over two semesters in 2020 to survey students on these interactions with nature. During the two semesters, most students experienced extremely severe self-reported mental health adversities. Further correlations between DASA scores and responses about nature interactions, home environments, plant exposure, and plant access showed that outdoor interactions were positively related to better self-reported mental health scores. However, the concerning and lingering effects of the pandemic were evidenced in our research as DASA scores increased across the two semesters. Nevertheless, going outdoors and interacting with nature brings some benefits that lessen the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah E. Trevino
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Muntazar Monsur
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Carol S. Lindquist
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Catherine R. Simpson
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-834-5691
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13
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Magal N, Rab SL, Goldstein P, Simon L, Jiryis T, Admon R. Predicting Chronic Stress among Healthy Females Using Daily-Life Physiological and Lifestyle Features from Wearable Sensors. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2022; 6:24705470221100987. [PMID: 35911618 PMCID: PMC9329827 DOI: 10.1177/24705470221100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic stress is a highly prevalent condition that may stem from different
sources and can substantially impact physiology and behavior, potentially
leading to impaired mental and physical health. Multiple physiological and
behavioral lifestyle features can now be recorded unobtrusively in
daily-life using wearable sensors. The aim of the current study was to
identify a distinct set of physiological and behavioral lifestyle features
that are associated with elevated levels of chronic stress across different
stress sources. Methods For that, 140 healthy female participants completed the Trier inventory for
chronic stress (TICS) before wearing the Fitbit Charge3 sensor for seven
consecutive days while maintaining their daily routine. Physiological and
lifestyle features that were extracted from sensor data, alongside
demographic features, were used to predict high versus low chronic stress
with support vector machine classifiers, applying out-of-sample model
testing. Results The model achieved 79% classification accuracy for chronic stress from a
social tension source. A mixture of physiological (resting heart-rate,
heart-rate circadian characteristics), lifestyle (steps count, sleep onset
and sleep regularity) and non-sensor demographic features (smoking status)
contributed to this classification. Conclusion As wearable technologies continue to rapidly evolve, integration of
daily-life indicators could improve our understanding of chronic stress and
its impact of physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Magal
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sharona L Rab
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Lisa Simon
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Talita Jiryis
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roee Admon
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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14
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Apostolidis H, Tsiatsos T. Exploring anxiety awareness during academic science examinations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261167. [PMID: 34910743 PMCID: PMC8673629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a developing interdisciplinary research field which has been trying to integrate results and expertise from various scientific areas, such as affective computing, pedagogical methodology and psychological appraisal theories, into learning environments. Moreover, anxiety recognition and regulation has attracted the interest of researchers as an important factor in the implementation of advanced learning environments. The present article explores the test anxiety and stress awareness of university students who are attending a science course during examinations. Real-time anxiety awareness as provided by biofeedback during science exams in an academic environment is shown to have a positive effect on the anxiety students experience and on their self-efficacy regarding examinations. Furthermore, the relevant research identifies a significant relationship between the students' anxiety level and their performance. Finally, the current study indicates that the students' anxiety awareness as provided by biofeedback is related to their performance, a relationship that is mediated and explained by the students' anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hippokratis Apostolidis
- Software and Interactive Technologies Laboratory, School of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thrasyvoulos Tsiatsos
- Software and Interactive Technologies Laboratory, School of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Lee SS, Yu K, Choi E, Choi I. To drink, or to exercise: That is (not) the question! Daily effects of alcohol consumption and exercise on well-being. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 14:555-571. [PMID: 34796673 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drinking alcohol and exercising are two of the most popular ways of dealing with stress. Despite the fact that they often co-occur, few studies have examined the role of the two activities together in everyday well-being. The current research aimed to investigate the dynamics between these two daily activities and various indices of well-being in a natural environment by using a daily diary method and ecological momentary assessment. We asked 478 adults to record their alcohol intake, exercising activity, and momentary well-being, three times a day for 2 weeks. Significant detrimental effects of drinking alcohol and beneficial effects of exercising on well-being were observed on the next day, whereas no significant effect of well-being was found on the likelihood of drinking and exercising on the second day. Furthermore, sleep quality was identified as one of the factors influencing the changes of well-being induced by the drinking and exercising engaged in the previous day. The present research allows us to deepen our understanding of the lagged relationship between the daily activities of drinking alcohol/exercising and well-being and demonstrates the underlying mechanism for the observed effects. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seojin Stacey Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Yu
- College of Commerce, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Traino KA, Hawkins MA, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. The role of health anxiety in healthcare management transition and health-related quality of life in young adults with medical conditions. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1983434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Traino
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Psychology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Misty A.W. Hawkins
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Psychology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - John M. Chaney
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Psychology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Larry L. Mullins
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Psychology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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17
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Dattilo TM, Roberts CM, Fisher RS, Traino KA, Edwards CS, Pepper-Davis M, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. The Role of Avoidance Coping and Illness Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Transition Readiness and Health Anxiety. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 59:125-130. [PMID: 33878537 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transition to college is associated with numerous stressors, including environmental changes, increased academic expectations, and changes in social support, all of which may be exacerbated by the added responsibility of managing a chronic medical condition. Huang (2019) proposed a model examining the relationships between coping styles, transition readiness, and health anxiety, and suggested that greater transition readiness is associated with adaptive coping strategies and less health anxiety. However, there are limited findings as to how poor transition readiness relates to health anxiety. Therefore, the current study tested a serial mediation model (i.e., poor transition readiness → avoidance coping → illness uncertainty → health anxiety). DESIGN AND METHODS College students (N = 194) with a chronic medical condition completed self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Results indicated several direct effects among the modeled variables and a significant poor transition readiness → avoidance coping → illness uncertainty → health anxiety serial mediation (path a1d21b2 = 0.438, 95% CI = 0.153 to 0.913). CONCLUSIONS Worse transition readiness was associated with increased avoidance as a coping mechanism, which in turn is associated with increased illness uncertainty, and ultimately health anxiety. The current findings identified possible drivers of health anxiety in college students with a chronic medical condition. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings highlight that good transition readiness skills may buffer against maladaptive avoidance, illness uncertainty, and health anxiety. Modules aimed at improving healthcare management, avoidance, and illness uncertainty may be beneficial additions to interventions to reduce health anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Dattilo
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Caroline M Roberts
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Rachel S Fisher
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Katherine A Traino
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Clayton S Edwards
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Morgan Pepper-Davis
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - John M Chaney
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Center for Pediatric Psychology, Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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18
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Harnish RJ, Roche MJ, Bridges KR. Predicting compulsive buying from pathological personality traits, stressors, and purchasing behavior. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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19
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Batabyal A, Bhattacharya A, Thaker M, Mukherjee S. A longitudinal study of perceived stress and cortisol responses in an undergraduate student population from India. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252579. [PMID: 34086754 PMCID: PMC8177861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Young adults entering college experience immense shifts in personal and professional environments. Such a potentially stressful event may trigger multiple psychological and physiological effects. In a repeated-measures longitudinal survey (N = 6 time-points) of first year cohort of residential undergraduate students in India, this study evaluates multiple psychological parameters: PSS14 (Perceived Stress Scale), K10 (distress scale) and positive mood measures, along with salivary cortisol levels. We find that compared to women, men showed significantly lower levels of salivary cortisol and also a decrease in perceived stress (PSS14) and distress (K10) with time. By contrast, women reported similar perceived stress and distress levels over time but had higher cortisol levels at the end of the academic year. Academic stress was reported by the students to be the most important stressor. This study highlights notable gender-/sex-differences in psychological and physiological stress responses and adds a valuable longitudinal dataset from the Indian undergraduate student cohort which is lacking in literature.
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20
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Thomas L, Vines J, Briggs P. Exploring digital support for the student transition to university through questionable concepts. PERSONAL AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING 2021; 26:79-92. [PMID: 33967673 PMCID: PMC8096358 DOI: 10.1007/s00779-021-01570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
New students face challenges when they make the transition from school to university. Existing digital technologies used during this transition can sometimes increase the stressors associated with change. In order to explore ways forward for technology design in this space, we developed a brochure of questionable concepts. The concepts were grounded in findings of our prior research, yet were also intended to act as provocations to promote discussion in workshops involving 32 first year university students. Our analysis of workshop discussions documents the diverse issues students face around social bonding, their home environment, and their academic performance. Our findings challenge assumptions made in prior work about the ease of transition to university. We demonstrate how questionable concepts can play an important role in prompting 'safe' conversations around stressful life events for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Thomas
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Vines
- Institute for Design Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pam Briggs
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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21
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Defeyter MA, Stretesky PB, Long MA, Furey S, Reynolds C, Porteous D, Dodd A, Mann E, Kemp A, Fox J, McAnallen A, Gonçalves L. Mental Well-Being in UK Higher Education During Covid-19: Do Students Trust Universities and the Government? Front Public Health 2021; 9:646916. [PMID: 33981666 PMCID: PMC8107392 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.646916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper draws upon the concept of recreancy to examine the mental well-being of university students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Briefly, recreancy is loss of societal trust that results when institutional actors can no longer be counted on to perform their responsibilities. Our study of mental well-being and recreancy focuses on the role of universities and government regulators within the education sector. We surveyed 600 UK students attending 161 different public higher education providers in October 2020 during a time when many UK students were isolated in their residences and engaged in online learning. We assessed student well-being using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (scored 7–35) and found the mean score to be 19.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.6, 20.2]. This level of well-being indicates that a significant proportion of UK students face low levels of mental well-being. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicates that high recreancy—measured as a low trust in universities and the government—is associated with low levels of mental well-being across the student sample. While these findings are suggestive, they are also important and we suggest that government and university leaders should not only work to increase food and housing security during the Covid-19 pandemic, but also consider how to combat various sector trends that might intensify recreancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul B Stretesky
- Healthy Living Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A Long
- Department of Sociology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Sinéad Furey
- Ulster University Business School, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Reynolds
- Centre for Food Policy, City University, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Geography, Institute of Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Porteous
- Healthy Living Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alyson Dodd
- Healthy Living Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Mann
- Healthy Living Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Kemp
- Student Union, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - James Fox
- Marketing Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lara Gonçalves
- Department of Sociology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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22
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Traino KA, Sharkey CM, Perez MN, Bakula DM, Roberts CM, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. Health Care Utilization, Transition Readiness, and Quality of Life: A Latent Class Analysis. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:197-207. [PMID: 33236079 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify possible subgroups of health care utilization (HCU) patterns among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a chronic medical condition (CMC), and examine how these patterns relate to transition readiness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS Undergraduates (N = 359; Mage=19.51 years, SD = 1.31) with a self-reported CMC (e.g., asthma, allergies, irritable bowel syndrome) completed measures of demographics, HCU (e.g., presence of specialty or adult providers, recent medical visits), transition readiness, and mental HRQoL (MHC) and physical HRQoL (PHC). Latent class analysis identified four distinct patterns of HCU. The BCH procedure evaluated how these patterns related to transition readiness and HRQoL outcomes. RESULTS Based on seven indicators of HCU, a four-class model was found to have optimal fit. Classes were termed High Utilization (n = 95), Adult Primary Care Physician (PCP)-Moderate Utilization (n = 107), Family PCP-Moderate Utilization (n = 81), and Low Utilization (n = 76). Age, family income, and illness controllability predicted class membership. Class membership predicted transition readiness and PHC, but not MHC. The High Utilization group reported the highest transition readiness and the lowest HRQoL, while the Low Utilization group reported the lowest transition readiness and highest HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS The present study characterizes the varying degrees to which AYAs with CMCs utilize health care. Our findings suggest poorer PHC may result in higher HCU, and that greater skills and health care engagement may not be sufficient for optimizing HRQoL. Future research should examine the High Utilization subgroup and their risk for poorer HRQoL.
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23
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Long R, Halvorson M, Lengua LJ. A mindfulness-based promotive coping program improves well-being in college undergraduates. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2021; 34:690-703. [PMID: 33719757 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1895986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES An increasing number of college students in the U.S. report elevations in stress and anxiety. One approach to addressing this need is to offer skills training programs. DESIGN This study used a stepped-wedge design to test the effects of a mindfulness-based coping-enhancement program on college students' stress-management, emotion regulation, coping, and well-being. The 6-week program includes didactics and practices for mindfulness, coping with challenging situations, regulating emotions, and compassion for oneself and others. METHODS Participants (N = 208) were predominantly first-year college students living in residence halls on campus, where the program was delivered. RESULTS Students who received the program were compared to those who had not yet received the program and reported improved mindfulness, executive control, active coping, self-compassion, social connectedness, resilience, and flourishing. The majority of these changes were maintained at a three-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the program shows promise for supporting well-being in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Max Halvorson
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liliana J Lengua
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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24
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Johnson-Esparza Y, Espinosa PR, Verney SP, Boursaw B, Smith BW. Social Support Protects Against Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: Key Variations in Latinx and Non-Latinx White College Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 9:161-178. [PMID: 34386724 DOI: 10.1037/lat0000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Social support protects against perceived stress and its harmful effects on psychological well-being. College students in general are at high risk for mental health disorders, and Latinx college students face unique stressors placing them at greater risk of psychological distress. Social support may be a key construct in improving outcomes for college students; however, few studies have empirically tested whether the protective effect of social support is equivalent across racial/ethnic groups. Using a series of regression models, we investigated whether social support moderates the relationship between perceived stress and endorsement of depression and anxiety symptoms in Latinx (n = 265) and non-Latinx White college students (n = 216) and whether this moderating effect varied by group membership. Participants completed a series of questionnaires measuring social support, perceived stress, and depression and anxiety symptoms. The moderating effects of social support varied by group membership and outcomes (i.e., depression and anxiety). Social support moderated the relationship between perceived stress and depression symptoms for both Latinx and non-Latinx White students. However, social support only buffered the effect of perceived stress on anxiety symptom endorsement for Latinx college students. These findings suggest that social support does not function uniformly across racial/ethnic groups or the endorsement of depression and anxiety symptoms. Social support may be particularly important for Latinx students by providing a buffer between perceived stress and symptoms of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajaira Johnson-Esparza
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | - Steven P Verney
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.,Psychology Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of New Mexico
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25
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Lisnyj KT, Pearl DL, McWhirter JE, Papadopoulos A. Targeting components of social capital on campus to alleviate Canadian post-secondary students’ academic stress. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Kwan MYW, Brown D, MacKillop J, Beaudette S, Van Koughnett S, Munn C. Evaluating the impact of Archway: a personalized program for 1st year student success and mental health and wellbeing. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:59. [PMID: 33407303 PMCID: PMC7787416 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-year students entering postsecondary education must navigate a new and complex academic and social environment. Research indicates that this transition and developmental period can be challenging and stressful - academically, emotionally and socially - and that mental health and wellbeing can be compromised. Additionally, mental health disorders can also compromise students' ability to successfully navigate this transition. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the incoming 2020 cohort of first-year students face heightened and new challenges. Most will have spent the conclusion of high school learning virtually, in quarantine, in an uncertain and difficult time, and are then experiencing their first year of university while living, learning and socializing off-campus, virtually and remotely. In response to COVID-19 and with an appreciation of the considerable stresses students face generally and particularly in 2020-21, and the potential effects on mental health and wellbeing, McMaster University, a mid-sized research intensive university with approximately 30,000 students, has developed an innovative program to support students, called Archway. This initiative has been developed to help to prevent and to intervene early to address common transitional issues students experience that can influence mental health and wellbeing, with the ultimate goals of increasing student connectedness, supports, and retention. METHODS The current study will use a mixed-method design to evaluate Archway and gain a better understanding of the transition into first-year postsecondary for students who engage and participate in Archway at various levels. The study will not only help to determine the effect of this program for students during COVID-19, but it will help us to better understand the challenges of this transition more broadly. DISCUSSION Findings have the potential to inform future efforts to support students and protect their mental health and wellbeing through the use of virtual and remote platforms and mechanisms that meet their increasingly diverse needs and circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Y W Kwan
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, 812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada.
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Denver Brown
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sean Beaudette
- Housing and Conference Services, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sean Van Koughnett
- Student Affairs, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Catharine Munn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
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27
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Jarrad T, Dry M, Semmler C, Turnbull D, Chur‐hansen A. The psychological distress and physical health of Australian psychology honours students. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Jarrad
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Dry
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carolyn Semmler
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Deborah Turnbull
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anna Chur‐hansen
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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28
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Mosanya M. Buffering Academic Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic Related Social Isolation: Grit and Growth Mindset as Protective Factors against the Impact of Loneliness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 6:159-174. [PMID: 33083519 PMCID: PMC7561702 DOI: 10.1007/s41042-020-00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic of the SARS CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19 sickness, constitutes a global challenge to well-being. Positive psychology constructs of grit and growth mindset may offer a solution to this challenge as both are associated with psychological resilience. A growth mindset describes the underlying beliefs people have about the malleability of intelligence, and grit refers to dedication to long-term goals. The present study explored whether such constructs could constitute protective factors against the academic stress associated with loneliness and perceived lack of control among international students (n = 170) during social isolation, induced by COVID-19 restrictions. The results of a hierarchical multiple regression model explained 36% of the variance in academic stress with a perceived lack of control (ß = .53, p < .001) and growth mindset (ß = -.22, p < .001) being significant direct predictors. Moderation analysis explained 17% of the variance and confirmed that a level of dispositional grit moderated the detrimental influence loneliness had on academic stress. Simple slopes analysis revealed a significant effect for moderate (β = .07, p = .01) and high (β = .16, p = .001) levels of grit. Our findings suggest that grit and growth mindset, as dynamic variables, could be taught to students as resilience-building prevention of academic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, our results have shown that parents (37%) and friends (32%) were most frequently identified by students as supporters during the COVID-19 pandemic with minimal reported support from universities (2.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mosanya
- The Institute of Psychology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jaracza, 1, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland
- Middlesex University Dubai, Knowledge Park, Block 16, Al Soufuh 2, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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29
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Debowska A, Horeczy B, Boduszek D, Dolinski D. A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students' stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Psychol Med 2020; 52:1-4. [PMID: 33004087 PMCID: PMC7556906 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172000392x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The time of widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases can lead to elevated stress and mental health problems among all persons affected, and in particular those sub-groups of the population that are at an increased risk of mental health problems. One such vulnerable group constitutes university students. The aim of this study is to assess stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality among different groups of university students (medical, psychology, and other). METHODS Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we collected survey data among a large sample of 7228 university students from Poland (mean age = 22.78, s.d. = 4.40; 81% female). Data were collected in five waves, during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe (March and April 2020). RESULTS The results demonstrate a significant increase in depression levels as the pandemic was progressing. We also found that female students scored significantly higher than male students on depression, anxiety, and stress. Psychology students recorded the lowest scores on depression and anxiety. Young adult students (aged 18-24 years) had more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality than adult students (⩾25 years). CONCLUSIONS These results provide insights into stress and mental health among university students during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings can be used for a more effective identification of students who may struggle during next stages of the pandemic and future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Debowska
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Faculty of Psychology and Law, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Horeczy
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department with the Center for Acute Poisoning, St. Jadwiga Provincial Clinical Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland
- Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Daniel Boduszek
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Psychology, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Dariusz Dolinski
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
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30
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Tran ST, Grotkowski K, Miller SA, Reed BW, Koven ML, Buscemi J, Greenley RN. Hassles predict physical health complaints in undergraduate students: a dynamic structural equation model analysis of daily diary data. Psychol Health 2020; 36:828-846. [PMID: 32779488 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1800010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Daily hassles and physical health complaints are common among undergraduate students, and both are related to negative academic and psychosocial outcomes. However, the extent to which hassles or health complaints persist from day to day is underexplored, and studies examining whether hassles predict health complaints or vice versa, are lacking. This study aimed to examine the temporal stability and to define the temporal relationship between daily hassles and health symptoms in undergraduate students. DESIGN Participants (n = 255, mean age = 19.2 years, 69% female, 53% White) completed 14 consecutive daily diaries of hassles and health complaints. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Daily reports of the Brief College Students Hassles Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15. RESULTS Hassles and health complaints demonstrated stability through autocorrelations. Hassles significantly predicted subsequent health complaints, but health complaints did not significantly predict subsequent hassles. However, the two paths did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION Students reporting elevations in one or both domains may benefit from interventions aimed at reducing daily hassles, in order to promote better perceived health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan T Tran
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karolina Grotkowski
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven A Miller
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brandon W Reed
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marissa L Koven
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna Buscemi
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel Neff Greenley
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
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31
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Linden B, Stuart H. Post-Secondary Stress and Mental Well-Being: A Scoping Review of the Academic Literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.7870/cjcmh-2020-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Post-secondary students have been identified as an at-risk population for chronic stress and poor mental health. We conducted a scoping review of the academic literature surrounding student stress and mental well-being as the first phase of research in the development of Canada’s National Standard for the Psychological Health and Safety of Post-Secondary Students. Major thematic findings included student stress, resilience through effective coping and help-seeking, and programs or strategies to improve campus mental health. Recommendations include a call for increased mental health promotion and mental illness prevention activities that are sensitive to diverse cultures, ethnicities, religions, and sexualities.
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32
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Moeller RW, Seehuus M, Peisch V. Emotional Intelligence, Belongingness, and Mental Health in College Students. Front Psychol 2020; 11:93. [PMID: 32076414 PMCID: PMC7006433 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health problems are prevalent amongst today's college students and psychosocial stress has been identified as a strong contributing factor. Conversely, research has documented that emotional intelligence (EQ) is a protective factor for depression, anxiety and stress (mental health problems). However, the underlying mechanism whereby EQ may support stronger mental health is currently not well understood. This study used regression analyses to examine the hypothesis that belongingness (inclusion, rejection) partially mediates the effects of EQ (attention, clarity, repair) on psychological well-being in a large sample (N = 2,094) of undergraduate students. Results supported the mediation hypotheses for all three EQ components and highlighted that the effects of rejection on psychological well-being were particularly strong. In line with prior research, our results indicate that prevention and intervention efforts with college students could explicitly target EQ skills in an effort to reduce perceived rejection and promote student well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Moeller
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
| | - Martin Seehuus
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Virginia Peisch
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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33
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Portoghese I, Galletta M, Porru F, Burdorf A, Sardo S, D'Aloja E, Finco G, Campagna M. Stress among university students: factorial structure and measurement invariance of the Italian version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance student questionnaire. BMC Psychol 2019; 7:68. [PMID: 31655623 PMCID: PMC6815363 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade academic stress and its mental health implications amongst university students has become a global topic. The use of valid and theoretically-grounded measures of academic stress in university settings is crucial. The aim of this study was to examine the factorial structure, reliability and measurement invariance of the short student version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI-SQ). Methods A total of 6448 Italian university students participated in an online cross-sectional survey. The factorial structure was investigated using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the measurement invariance of the ERI-SQ was investigated. Results Results from explorative and confirmatory factor analyses showed acceptable fits for the Italian version of the ERI-SQ. A modified version of 12 items showed the best fit to the data confirming the 3-factor model. Moreover, multigroup analyses showed metric invariance across gender and university course (health vs other courses). Conclusions In sum, our results suggest that the ERI-SQ is a valid, reliable and robust instrument for the measurement of stress among Italian university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Portoghese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Maura Galletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
| | - Fabio Porru
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Sardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Ernesto D'Aloja
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Gabriele Finco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
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Greenwell MR. Memorable Messages from Family Members About Mental Health: Young Adult Perceptions of Relational Closeness, Message Satisfaction, and Clinical Help-Seeking Attitudes. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:652-660. [PMID: 29393684 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1431021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates memorable messages about mental health that young adults (YAs) recall receiving from family members. A memorable messages conceptual framework is adopted to explore message types and their associations with relevant individual and relational outcomes. Findings from a study of 193 memorable messages about mental health revealed three types of messages about mental health transmitted by family members: strategizing, normalizing, and minimizing messages. Statistical analyses indicated that memorable message types were significantly related to YA satisfaction with the message, perceptions of relational closeness between the message source and the YA message recipient, and YA attitudes about mental-health help seeking. Overall, participants who reported minimizing messages about mental health also reported the least favorable outcomes on the set of dependent variables. Implications of these findings and future directions for research are discussed.
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Traino KA, Bakula DM, Sharkey CM, Roberts CM, Ruppe NM, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. The Role of Grit in Health Care Management Skills and Health-related Quality of Life in College Students with Chronic Medical Conditions. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 46:72-77. [PMID: 30856461 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic medical conditions are at risk for reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Recent research on AYAs without chronic medical conditions found that greater health care management skills were related to higher HRQoL. In addition, grit, an intrapersonal strength, has been linked to greater health care management skills and HRQoL. The current study extended these findings to AYAs with a chronic medical condition. DESIGN AND METHODS Three hundred and seventy-five undergraduates with a chronic medical condition completed questionnaires, including the short Grit Scale, Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire, and RAND 36-Item Short Form Survey. RESULTS Path analysis revealed a significant direct effect of grit on health care management skills and on both mental and physical HRQoL. Further, health care management skills had a significant indirect effect on the grit → mental HRQoL association, but not on the grit → physical HRQoL association. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of grit were linked to better health care management skills and better mental and physical HRQoL. Further, grit and mental HRQoL were indirectly linked through health care management skills, suggesting the utility of these skills in improving mental HRQoL. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Given the observed benefits of higher grit and health care management skills on emotional HRQoL, and the potential impact of health care management skills on future physical HRQoL, interventions targeting the enhancement of grit and health care management skills may be beneficial in improving the efficacy of transition readiness interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Traino
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - Dana M Bakula
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - Christina M Sharkey
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - Caroline M Roberts
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - Nicole M Ruppe
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - John M Chaney
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Oklahoma State University, Psychology Department, Stillwater, OK, United States of America.
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Lewis SP, Heath NL, Hasking PA, Whitlock JL, Wilson MS, Plener PL. Addressing Self‐Injury on College Campuses: Institutional Recommendations. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jocc.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Lewis
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Nancy L. Heath
- Department of Educational and Counselling PsychologyMcGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | | | - Mark S. Wilson
- School of PsychologyVictoria University Wellington New Zealand
| | - Paul L. Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryMedical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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Dvořáková K, Greenberg MT, Roeser RW. On the role of mindfulness and compassion skills in students' coping, well-being, and development across the transition to college: A conceptual analysis. Stress Health 2019; 35:146-156. [PMID: 30516320 PMCID: PMC6491916 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we aim to integrate the current conceptual approaches to stress and coping processes during the college transition with the potential role of mindfulness and compassion (MC) skills on students' well-being and development. First, we provide an overview of the issues and challenges emerging adults are facing during the transition to college, drawing on the revised version of the transactional stress model by Lazarus and Folkman (1984). Second, we introduce a conceptual model of adaptive stress and coping processes enhanced by MC skills to positively impact the appraisal and coping resources and emerging adults' mental health. Specifically, MC skills may play an important role in promoting a healthy stress response by strengthening emerging adults' socioemotional competencies and supporting the development of adaptive appraisal and coping resources, including processes antecedent and consequent to a coping encounter. In particular, MC skills were hypothesized to enhance (a) preparedness to cope, (b) productive stress response through adaptive appraisals and skillful deployment of coping resources, and (c) healthy postcoping reflections. Therefore, MC skills may be a useful preventive tool to strengthen emerging adults' ability to adjust to a new academic environment and fulfil the developmental tasks of this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Dvořáková
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mark T Greenberg
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Robert W Roeser
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Houck Z, Asken B, Bauer R, Clugston J. Predictors of post-concussion symptom severity in a university-based concussion clinic. Brain Inj 2019; 33:480-489. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1565897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zac Houck
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Breton Asken
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Russell Bauer
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James Clugston
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Sharkey CM, Espeleta HC, Bakula DM, Roberts CM, Ruppe NM, Marissa Baudino B, Clawson AH, Chaney JM, Mullins LL. Adverse childhood experiences: Non-medical trauma in the context of pediatric chronic illness. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2018.1553677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah C. Espeleta
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dana M. Bakula
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - Nicole M. Ruppe
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - Ashley H. Clawson
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - John M. Chaney
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Larry L. Mullins
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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40
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Chan HWQ, Sun CFR. Scale development: Chinese Irrational Beliefs and Rational Attitude Scale. Psych J 2018; 8:122-136. [PMID: 30298606 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
University study has been considered to be one of the most stressful periods in a person's life. University students may have irrational beliefs that could play a significant role in causing emotional disturbance. Nevertheless, a suitable instrument for measuring irrational beliefs in college students in Chinese society has been lacking. The aim of this study was to construct a culturally relevant scale for measuring irrational beliefs among university students in the Hong Kong Chinese context. The construction of the Chinese Irrational Beliefs and Rational Attitude Scale (CIBRAS) for university students was based on (1) literature review and expert panel review for evaluation on content validity, (2) a pilot test of 200 local Hong Kong university students to determine the scale's psychometric properties and probe the exploratory factor analysis, and (3) confirmatory factor analysis to test for construct validity of the CIBRAS (conducted with a further 655 local Hong Kong university students). The results showed that the five-factor 19-item CIBRAS has good psychometric properties, including good internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas ranging from .64 to .80), content validity (content validity index = .96 for relevance, .94 for clarity, and .94 for representativeness), construct validity (explaining 60.1% of the total variance), and adequate fit indices (normed chi-square = 2.8, comparative fit index = .94, normal fit index = .93, non-normed fit index = .93, incremental fit index = .94, root-mean-square error of approximation = .077, and standardized root-mean residual = .074). The limitations and implications of the study were discussed.
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41
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Linking loneliness to depression: a dynamic perspective. BENCHMARKING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/bij-10-2016-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of change in loneliness on the experience of depression among the students in a business school in India. Building on the literature, the authors argued the dynamic nature of loneliness and depression and subsequently explored the linkage between change in loneliness and associated change in the experience of depression. Further, the purpose is also to explore whether such linkage depends on individual personality factors.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is part of a bigger study that employed a longitudinal survey design. Data were collected in two phases with a six-month time lag between the phases. Data were initially collected in July 2014, and again with all measures repeated in January, 2015. Data were collected from two sections from the undergraduate program participants at one of the reputed institutions in India. Demographic variables such as gender, number of siblings, and family type (nuclear family or joint family) were collected. The authors controlled for age and qualification as all the students have the same qualification and almost all of them were in the same age group. All these variables were controlled due to their probable interference with the proposed theoretical model.FindingsThe findings reveal a significant role of loneliness on experience of depression and a moderating role of personality on the relationship. The linkage between change in loneliness and change in depression was found to be higher among those people who were high on extraversion. The findings clearly indicate that the impact of loneliness will be more as the need for attachment is high for individuals having higher extraversion.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research may explore the role of neuroticism in the link between loneliness and depression.Practical implicationsThe findings of this longitudinal study are very relevant for all the professional groups in the college/university setting. It is important for students as well as college authorities to understand the dynamic nature and relationship of loneliness and depression, as well as the role of personality factors. Routine monitoring as well as various educational programs may be included as regular components of campus culture. Even curriculum can also be fine-tuned. Various programs can be designed to improve interpersonal skills, cognitive understanding, and resolution of aversive emotions, as these college going students or buddying managers are more receptive to intervention programs.Originality/valueThe paper clearly reflects its originality. It adds value in the form of contribution to theoretical development as well as to various college authorities to handle students emotions effectively.
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Social aggravation: Understanding the complex role of social relationships on stress and health-relevant physiology. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 131:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Perrault EK. Campus Health Centers' Lack of Information Regarding Providers: A Content Analysis of Division-I Campus Health Centers' Provider Websites. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2018; 33:860-866. [PMID: 28467139 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1316635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Campus health centers are a convenient, and usually affordable, location for college students to obtain health care. Staffed by licensed and trained professionals, these providers can generally offer similar levels of care that providers at off-campus clinics can deliver. Yet, previous research finds students may forgo this convenient, on-campus option partially because of a lack of knowledge regarding the quality of providers at these campus clinics. This study sought to examine where this information deficit may come from by analyzing campus health centers' online provider information. All Division-I colleges or universities with an on-campus health center, which had information on their websites about their providers (n = 294), had their providers' online information analyzed (n = 2,127 providers). Results revealed that schools commonly offer professional information (e.g., provider specialties, education), but very little about their providers outside of the medical context (e.g., hobbies) that would allow a prospective student patient to more easily relate. While 181 different kinds of credentials were provided next to providers' names (e.g., MD, PA-C, FNP-BC), only nine schools offered information to help students understand what these different credentials meant. Most schools had information about their providers within one-click of the homepage. Recommendations for improving online information about campus health center providers are offered.
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Badr HE, Naser J, Al-Zaabi A, Al-Saeedi A, Al-Munefi K, Al-Houli S, Al-Rashidi D. Childhood maltreatment: A predictor of mental health problems among adolescents and young adults. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 80:161-171. [PMID: 29609135 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment is a risk factor for detrimental effects on mental health that may extend to adulthood. This study aimed to examine the association between exposure to childhood maltreatment, socio-demographic factors, and students' mental health status and self-esteem. A cross-sectional study enrolled a representative sample of 1270 students from Kuwait University. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire included students' socio-demographic characteristics, history of exposure to childhood physical and/or emotional maltreatment, DASS-21 to assess mental health status, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale was used. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression models were applied. The study found that among participants, 49.6%(95% CI: 64.8%-52.4%), 63.0%(95% CI: 60.3%-65.7%), and 43.8%(95% CI: 41.1%-46.6%) reported having depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. Moreover, 22.5%(95% CI: 20.1%-24.8%) and 18.6%(95% CI:16.5%-20.9%) reported childhood physical and emotional maltreatment, respectively; while 12.7% reported both. Multivariate analysis revealed that experiencing childhood physical and emotional maltreatment were independent contributors to reporting depression and anxiety; while exposure to only emotional maltreatment contributed to reporting stress. Gender, GPA, childhood enrollment in private/public schools, number of close friends, were other contributors to mental health problems. Participants' median score of self-esteem was 17/30, and only childhood emotional maltreatment was a significant predictor to low self-esteem after adjustment for other confounders. Mental health problems, and experiencing childhood physical and emotional maltreatment were prevalent relatively high among university students. Childhood corporal and emotional maltreatment were independent predictors to adolescents and young adults' mental health problems. Experiencing childhood emotional maltreatment predicted low self-esteem. Further research to assess culture factors associated with childhood maltreatment is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan E Badr
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
| | - Jumana Naser
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Abdullah Al-Zaabi
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Anfal Al-Saeedi
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Khalifa Al-Munefi
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Shaikha Al-Houli
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Dana Al-Rashidi
- Department of Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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45
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Foster
- Department of Counseling; Loyola University New Orleans
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46
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Arsiwalla DD, Arnold AW, Teel KP, Ulrich PV, Gropper SS. The interactive role of eating regulation and stress in the prediction of weight-related outcomes among college students. Stress Health 2018; 34:59-71. [PMID: 28516733 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The interactive role of eating regulation and perceived stress on weight-related outcomes was examined among 319 sophomore year college students (110 males and 209 females). Moderated regressions were used to examine interactions between stress and eating regulation on study outcomes including body mass index (BMI) and body fat. Eating regulation moderated associations between stress and BMI and body fat outcomes. Students reporting high perceived stress, high autonomous eating regulation, low controlled regulation, and low amotivation exhibited higher outcomes (BMI and body fat) than those with similar eating regulation but lower perceived stress. Students with lower autonomous eating regulation and higher controlled regulation had no differences in study outcomes across levels of stress. College students who regulate their eating behaviours for health reasons (specifically showing autonomous regulation) exhibit higher BMI and body fat when they report higher levels of perceived stress. Health promotion programs for college students need to target education efforts towards stress reduction and healthy eating behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilbur D Arsiwalla
- Department of Psychology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA
| | - Amanda W Arnold
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Karla P Teel
- Department of Consumer and Design Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Pamela V Ulrich
- Department of Consumer and Design Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sareen S Gropper
- College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Esmaeelzadeh S, Moraros J, Thorpe L, Bird Y. The association between depression, anxiety and substance use among Canadian post-secondary students. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:3241-3251. [PMID: 30538482 PMCID: PMC6260190 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s187419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between depression, anxiety and substance use among Canadian post-secondary students. METHODS This study used data from the spring 2016, American College Health Association - National College Health Assessment II (ACHA-NCHA II) survey. It includes 43,780 college students from 41 Canadian post-secondary institutions. The exposure variables of interest were alcohol, cannabis and tobacco use, and the outcome variables of interest were diagnosis or treatment for depression and/or anxiety. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze our data. RESULTS Our study found that 14.7% of post-secondary students were diagnosed or treated for depression and 18.4% for anxiety within the past 12 months. Among current (past 30 days) substance use, it was reported that alcohol (69.3%), cannabis (17.9%) and tobacco (11%) were the most common. There was a significant association between depression and current tobacco use (OR =1.36, 95% CI: 1.22-1.52, P<0.001) and current cannabis use (OR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.05-1.31, P<0.001). There was also a gender-specific association between anxiety and female alcohol users (OR =1.41, 95% CI: 1.24-1.62, P<0.001). CONCLUSION The results of this study found significant associations between depression, tobacco use and cannabis use, and anxiety and alcohol use among post-secondary students. These conditions should be screened concurrently for improved outcomes among this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Moraros
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,
| | - Lilian Thorpe
- Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Yelena Bird
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,
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Barber LK, Cucalon MS. Modifying the Sleep Treatment Education Program for Students to include technology use (STEPS-TECH): Intervention effects on objective and subjective sleep outcomes. Stress Health 2017; 33:684-690. [PMID: 28156049 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
University students often have sleep issues that arise from poor sleep hygiene practices and technology use patterns. Yet, technology-related behaviors are often neglected in sleep hygiene education. This study examined whether the Sleep Treatment Education Program for Students-modified to include information regarding managing technology use (STEPS-TECH)-helps improve both subjective and objective sleep outcomes among university students. Results of an experimental study among 78 university students showed improvements in objective indicators of sleep quantity (total sleep time) and sleep quality (less awakenings) during the subsequent week for students in the STEPS-TECH intervention group compared to a control group. Exploratory analyses indicated that effects were driven by improvements in weekend days immediately following the intervention. There were also no intervention effects on subjective sleep quality or quantity outcomes. In terms of self-reported behavioral responses to educational content in the intervention, there were no group differences in sleep hygiene practices or technology use before bedtime. However, the intervention group reported less technology use during sleep periods than the control group. These preliminary findings suggest that STEPS-TECH may be a useful educational tool to help improve objective sleep and reduce technology use during sleep periods among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa K Barber
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
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Metzger IW, Blevins C, Calhoun CD, Ritchwood TD, Gilmore AK, Stewart R, Bountress KE. An examination of the impact of maladaptive coping on the association between stressor type and alcohol use in college. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2017; 65:534-541. [PMID: 28708021 PMCID: PMC6134834 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2017.1351445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the impact of maladaptive coping style on the association between source of stress (academic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, environmental) and alcohol use (consumption, heavy episodic drinking, driving under the influence) among college students. PARTICIPANTS 1,027 college students completed an online survey in April 2014. METHODS To test the mediating effects of maladaptive coping on the association between academic stress and alcohol use variables, indirect effects were examined using the PROCESS analytical framework for SPSS. RESULTS Maladaptive coping and academic stress were associated with alcohol use outcomes. Moreover, maladaptive coping mediated the relationship between academic stress and two of three alcohol use outcomes (consumption, heavy episodic drinking). CONCLUSIONS Among college students, the association between academic stress and alcohol use may be driven by maladaptive coping. College students may benefit from interventions that seek to improve coping skills, potentially alleviating the burden of academic stress and decreasing problematic alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha W. Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
- To whom correspondence should be addressed:
| | - Claire Blevins
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Casey D. Calhoun
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Tiarney D. Ritchwood
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Cannon St., MSC 835, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Amanda K. Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Regan Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Kaitlin E. Bountress
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., MSC 861, 2nd Floor, IOP South Building, Charleston, SC 29425
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50
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Ashraf F, Malik S, Arif A. An epidemiological study of prevalence and comorbidity of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms (SOCD) and stress in Pakistani Adults. Pak J Med Sci 2017; 33:835-839. [PMID: 29067049 PMCID: PMC5648948 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.334.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and comorbidity of subclinical obsessive compulsive disorder (SOCD) symptoms and stress across gender, marital and employment statuses. Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted from December, 2016 to March 2017 at two universities of cosmopolitan city Lahore. Two self-report scales measuring SOCD symptoms and stress were used to collect data from 377 adults selected through simple random sampling technique, proportionately distributed across gender, marital and employment status. Results: From the total sample, 52% reported low level of stress and 48% faced high level of stress. Significant differences in prevalence were observed across marital and employment statuses whereas for men and women, it was observed same (24%). Comorbidity of high level of SOCD symptoms and high level of stress was seen 34%. Conclusion: Significant prevalence and comorbidity exists between SOCD symptoms and stress and more studies addressing diverse population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Ashraf
- Dr. Farzana Ashraf, PhD. Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Malik
- Dr. Sadia Malik, PhD. Department of Psychology, University of Sergodha, Sergodha, Pakistan
| | - Amna Arif
- Ms. Amna Arif, M.Phil. Department of Special Education, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
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