1
|
Malirat V, Caldevilla C, Cardillo S, Espinoza AM, Novo SG, Taffarel A, Benito MB, Bergmann IE. Broad immunogenic spectrum of monovalent and trivalent foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines containing O 1 campos, A24 cruzeiro and A Argentina 2001 strains against circulating viral lineages in cattle and pigs. Vaccine 2023; 41:5782-5790. [PMID: 37574343 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
FMD remains endemic in many Asian and African countries where multiple variants of serotypes O and A, among others, currently circulate. Due to lack of cross-protection between serotypes and incomplete protection between some strains even within a serotype, an important challenge for the application of effective vaccination programs is to select highly immunogenic and widely cross-reactive vaccine strains. Adaptation of a candidate field virus for use as a vaccine can be quite complex, so that whenever possible, the use of well-established vaccine viruses could have enormous advantages. FMD vaccine strains harmonized for use in South America have shown excellent results in FMD control, not only in the region, where it is still used systematically as a preventive measure, but also more recently in some Asian countries. To gain further insight into the immunogenic spectrum of these strains, VN tests (VNT) were performed with sera from cattle and/or pigs vaccinated with monovalent (type O) or trivalent (types O and A) formulations against 122 type O and 32 type A field viruses isolated from 35 countries in Asia and Africa, belonging to different lineages. Almost all VNT titers obtained were within the expected protective level, indicating the wide immunogenic spectrum of high potency FMD vaccines formulated with O1 Campos, A24 Cruzeiro and A Argentina 2001 South American vaccine strains belonging to EURO-SA topotypes against currently active viruses from other topotypes. These in vitro results are in line with previously reported in vivo challenge tests in pigs against three A/ASIA/Sea-97 isolates and two isolates belonging to type O lineages O/SEA/Mya-98 and O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Malirat
- Centro de Virología Humana y Animal (CEVHAN), CONICET-UAI, Av. Montes de Oca 745, CABA, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Caldevilla
- Biogénesis Bagó S.A., Ruta Panamericana Km 38,5, (B1619IEA), Garín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Cardillo
- Biogénesis Bagó S.A., Ruta Panamericana Km 38,5, (B1619IEA), Garín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Espinoza
- Biogénesis Bagó S.A., Ruta Panamericana Km 38,5, (B1619IEA), Garín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Galdo Novo
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASA), Talcahuano 1660, CP 1640 Martínez, Argentina
| | - Ana Taffarel
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASA), Talcahuano 1660, CP 1640 Martínez, Argentina
| | - Melanie Barrios Benito
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASA), Talcahuano 1660, CP 1640 Martínez, Argentina
| | - Ingrid E Bergmann
- Centro de Virología Humana y Animal (CEVHAN), CONICET-UAI, Av. Montes de Oca 745, CABA, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Medina GN, Spinard E, Azzinaro PA, Rodriguez-Calzada M, Gutkoska J, Kloc A, Rieder EA, Taillon BE, Mueller S, de Los Santos T, Segundo FDS. Deoptimization of FMDV P1 Region Results in Robust Serotype-Independent Viral Attenuation. Viruses 2023; 15:1332. [PMID: 37376631 DOI: 10.3390/v15061332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed livestock that can have severe economic impacts. Control and prevention strategies, including the development of improved vaccines, are urgently needed to effectively control FMD outbreaks in endemic settings. Previously, we employed two distinct strategies (codon pair bias deoptimization (CPD) and codon bias deoptimization (CD)) to deoptimize various regions of the FMDV serotype A subtype A12 genome, which resulted in the development of an attenuated virus in vitro and in vivo, inducing varying levels of humoral responses. In the current study, we examined the versatility of the system by using CPD applied to the P1 capsid coding region of FMDV serotype A subtype, A24, and another serotype, Asia1. Viruses carrying recoded P1 (A24-P1Deopt or Asia1-P1Deopt) exhibited different degrees of attenuation (i.e., delayed viral growth kinetics and replication) in cultured cells. Studies in vivo using a mouse model of FMD demonstrated that inoculation with the A24-P1Deopt and Asia1-P1Deopt strains elicited a strong humoral immune response capable of offering protection against challenge with homologous wildtype (WT) viruses. However, different results were obtained in pigs. While clear attenuation was detected for both the A24-P1Deopt and Asia1-P1Deopt strains, only a limited induction of adaptive immunity and protection against challenge was detected, depending on the inoculated dose and serotype deoptimized. Our work demonstrates that while CPD of the P1 coding region attenuates viral strains of multiple FMDV serotypes/subtypes, a thorough assessment of virulence and induction of adaptive immunity in the natural host is required in each case in order to finely adjust the degree of deoptimization required for attenuation without affecting the induction of protective adaptive immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisselle N Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Edward Spinard
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Paul A Azzinaro
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Monica Rodriguez-Calzada
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- ORISE-PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Joseph Gutkoska
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Anna Kloc
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Rieder
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fayna Diaz-San Segundo
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- National Institute of Health, NIAID, DMID, OBRRTR, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chathuranga WAG, Hewawaduge C, Nethmini NAN, Kim TH, Kim JH, Ahn YH, Yoon IJ, Yoo SS, Park JH, Lee JS. Efficacy of a Novel Multiepitope Vaccine Candidate against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O and A. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122181. [PMID: 36560591 PMCID: PMC9786174 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease in cloven-hoofed animals. To prevent the spread of FMD virus (FMDV), traditional inactivated vaccines are used to immunize susceptible animals in disease-endemic countries. However, the inactivated FMD vaccine has several limitations, including safety concerns. To overcome these limitations, subunit proteins have been studied as alternative vaccine candidates. In this study, we designed two multiepitope recombinant proteins (OVM and AVM) containing antigenic sites (residue of VP1 132-162 and residue of VP1 192-212) of three topotypes of FMDV serotype O or three topotypes of FMDV serotype A. Each recombinant protein was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli with high solubility, and the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the proteins as FMD vaccine candidates were evaluated. The results showed that OVM and AVM emulsified with ISA201 adjuvant induced effective antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and successfully protected mice from O/Jincheon/SKR/2014, O/VET/2013, and A/Malaysia/97 viruses. In addition, intramuscular immunization of pigs with the OVM and AVM emulsified with ISA201 elicited effective levels of neutralizing antibodies to the viruses with homologous epitopes. Importantly, OVM-AVM emulsified with CAvant®SOE-X adjuvant conferred 100% protection against the O/Jincheon/SKR/2014 virus with homologous residues and 75% protection against A/SKR/GP/2018 with heterologous residues. The results presented in this study suggest that the combination of OVM and AVM protein with an effective adjuvant could yield an effective and safe vaccine candidate for the prevention and control of foot-and-mouth disease. In addition, our results provide a vaccine platform that can safely, cost-efficiently, and rapidly generate protective vaccine candidates against diverse FMDVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W. A. Gayan Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamith Hewawaduge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - N. A. Nadeeka Nethmini
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Kim
- Komipharm International Co., Ltd., Siheung 15094, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Joong Yoon
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sik Yoo
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.P.); (J.-S.L.); Tel.: +82-31-467-1719 (J.-H.P.); +82-42-821-6753 (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.P.); (J.-S.L.); Tel.: +82-31-467-1719 (J.-H.P.); +82-42-821-6753 (J.-S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chanchaidechachai T, Saatkamp H, de Jong M, Inchaisri C, Hogeveen H, Premashthira S, Buamitoup N, Prakotcheo R, van den Borne BHP. Epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Thailand from 2011 to 2018. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:3823-3836. [PMID: 36321258 PMCID: PMC10100504 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most important animal diseases hindering livestock production in Thailand. In this study, a temporal and spatial analysis at the subdistrict level was performed on FMD outbreak reports in Thailand from 2011 to 2018. Risk factors associated with FMD outbreaks were furthermore investigated using generalized estimating equations. The results showed that the incidence of FMD outbreaks was the highest in 2016 and was affected by season, with a peak in FMD outbreaks occurring in the rainy-winter season, during October to December. FMD outbreaks were mostly distributed in small clusters within a few subdistricts. Some high-risk areas with repeated outbreaks were detected in the central regions. Risk factors, including the increase of subdistrict's size of the dairy population, beef population or pig population, the low percentage of forest area, subdistricts in the provinces adjacent to Malaysia, the presence of a livestock market and the occurrence of an FMD outbreak in a neighbouring subdistrict in the previous month significantly increased the odds of having an FMD outbreak. The increase in proximity to the nearest subdistrict with an FMD outbreak in the previous month decreased the odds of having FMD outbreaks. This study helped to identify high-risk areas and periods of FMD outbreaks in Thailand. Together with the identified risk factors, its results can be used to optimize the FMD control programme in Thailand and in other countries having a similar livestock industry and FMD situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanicha Chanchaidechachai
- Business Economics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Research Unit of Data Innovation for Livestock, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Helmut Saatkamp
- Business Economics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mart de Jong
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chaidate Inchaisri
- Research Unit of Data Innovation for Livestock, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Henk Hogeveen
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sith Premashthira
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Buamitoup
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rotchana Prakotcheo
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bart H P van den Borne
- Business Economics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Karabassova AS, Sultanov AA, Saduakassova MA, King DP, Ludi AB, Browning CFJ, Wilsden G. Toward the calibration of serological assays using sera collected from cattle and sheep following a single dose of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. Vet World 2022; 15:524-530. [PMID: 35400944 PMCID: PMC8980403 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.524-530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Serological assays are widely used to monitor the performance of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines to estimate vaccination coverage and to ensure that vaccinated animals generate adequate immune responses. This study aimed to measure the FMD virus (FMDV)-specific responses in cattle and sheep after a single dose of a trivalent FMD vaccine containing serotypes A, O, and Asia-1, and to use these sera to calibrate virus neutralization tests (VNTs) and serotype-specific serological enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) that can measure post-vaccination responses. Materials and Methods: Sera were collected from cattle (n=10) and sheep (n=10) on 0, 21, and 56 days after immunization with an imported aqueous formulated FMD vaccine. These samples were tested by VNT using field FMDV isolates that are representative of the epidemiological risks in Central Asia (A/ASIA/Iran-05, A/ASIA/GVII, O/ME-SA/Ind-2001, O/SEA/Mya-98, O/ME-SA/PanAsia, and Asia-1 Shamir). Heterologous VNT antibody responses were compared to those measured using commercial FMDV-specific ELISAs for serotypes O, A, and Asia 1. Results: Administration of the FMD vaccine increased FMDV-specific antibody titers for both species in sera collected on day 21, but these elevated titers were short-lived and were decreased by day 56. Conclusion: These results highlight the short duration of immunity with a single dose of this aqueous vaccine and motivate further studies to assess immune responses in cattle and small ruminants after a two-dose course vaccination schedule. Further comparative data for VNT and serotype-specific ELISAs are needed to define cutoffs that can be used to monitor post-vaccination immune responses in low-containment laboratories where it is not possible to handle live FMDVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiken S. Karabassova
- Department for Epizootological Monitoring and Risks Assessment of Animal Viral Diseases, The Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, 223 Raimbek Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Akhmetzhan A. Sultanov
- Department for Epizootological Monitoring and Risks Assessment of Animal Viral Diseases, The Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, 223 Raimbek Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Meruyert A. Saduakassova
- Department for Epizootological Monitoring and Risks Assessment of Animal Viral Diseases, The Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, 223 Raimbek Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Donald P. King
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Anna B. Ludi
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Clare F. J. Browning
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Ginette Wilsden
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Upadhyaya S, Mahapatra M, Mioulet V, Parida S. Molecular Basis of Antigenic Drift in Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses (2013-2018) from Southeast Asia. Viruses 2021; 13:1886. [PMID: 34578467 PMCID: PMC8473337 DOI: 10.3390/v13091886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals with serious economic consequences. FMD is endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA) and East Asia (EA) with the circulation of multiple serotypes, posing a threat to Australia and other FMD-free countries. Although vaccination is one of the most important control measures to prevent FMD outbreaks, the available vaccines may not be able to provide enough cross-protection against the FMD viruses (FMDVs) circulating in these countries due to the incursion of new lineages and sub-lineages as experienced in South Korea during 2010, a FMD-free country, when a new lineage of serotype O FMDV (Mya-98) spread to the country, resulting in devastating economic consequences. In this study, a total of 62 serotype O (2013-2018) viruses selected from SEA and EA countries were antigenically characterized by virus neutralization tests using three existing (O/HKN/6/83, O/IND/R2/75 and O/PanAsia-2) and one putative (O/MYA/2009) vaccine strains and full capsid sequencing. The Capsid sequence analysis revealed three topotypes, Cathay, SEA and Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA) of FMDVs circulating in the region. The vaccines used in this study showed a good match with the SEA and ME-SA viruses. However, none of the recently circulating Cathay topotype viruses were protected by any of the vaccine strains, including the existing Cathay topotype vaccine (O/HKN/6/83), indicating an antigenic drift and, also the urgency to monitor this topotype in the region and develop a new vaccine strain if necessary, although currently the presence of this topotype is mainly restricted to China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Vietnam. Further, the capsid sequences of these viruses were analyzed that identified several capsid amino acid substitutions involving neutralizing antigenic sites 1, 2 and 5, which either individually or together could underpin the observed antigenic drift.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasmita Upadhyaya
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 ONF, UK; (S.U.); (M.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Mana Mahapatra
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 ONF, UK; (S.U.); (M.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Valerie Mioulet
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 ONF, UK; (S.U.); (M.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Satya Parida
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 ONF, UK; (S.U.); (M.M.); (V.M.)
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xaydalasouk K, Innoula N, Putthana V, Chanthavongsa K, Snoeck CJ, Hübschen JM, Oudomphone P, Chan B, Muller CP, Black AP, Pommasichan S, Pauly M. High seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in Laos: Call for nationwide vaccination campaigns and disease surveillance. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:2345-2352. [PMID: 33113242 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus remains enzootic in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) due to insufficient control measures, including low vaccination coverage. We assessed virus epidemiology and evaluated knowledge, attitude and practice of Lao farmers and animal health stakeholders towards FMD to support politics in devising evidence-based control measures. Sera were collected from 972 domestic ruminants in three provinces of Lao PDR: Vientiane Capital, Vientiane and Xiengkhouang provinces. Seroprevalence of antibodies directed against non-structural proteins of FMD virus was assessed using a commercial ELISA. Positive sera were further characterized by detecting antibodies directed against the structural proteins of FMD serotypes O, A and Asia 1. Information about farm management, biosecurity practices, livestock trade, and past FMD outbreaks was obtained. Overall 35% (340/972) of the ruminants had antibodies against FMD virus with a similar seroprevalence in each province. Seroprevalence depended significantly on the ruminant species (p < .001): 61% of buffaloes, but only 41% of cattle and 15% of goats were seropositive. While antibodies against FMD serotype Asia 1 were absent, 87% (297/340) of the seropositive animals had antibodies against FMD serotype O and 32% (110/340) against FMD serotype A. Many seropositive animals (31%) had antibodies against both serotypes O and A. The majority of the farmers could name the symptoms of FMD and the susceptible animal species. Although many had likely observed FMD outbreaks in their herd and were aware of FMD vaccines, only few vaccinated their animals. This study confirms that FMD remains enzootic in at least three provinces of Lao PDR where vaccination coverage is low. It also shows the relevance of nationwide active and passive disease surveillance, as well as of vaccination campaigns using bivalent FMD vaccines and targeting all susceptible animal species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinnaly Xaydalasouk
- Lao-Lux-Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Nouna Innoula
- Lao-Lux-Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Vannaphone Putthana
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, National University of Laos, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | | | - Chantal J Snoeck
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Judith M Hübschen
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Bouangeun Chan
- IVET School, Phonsavanh, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Claude P Muller
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Antony P Black
- Lao-Lux-Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Sisavath Pommasichan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, National University of Laos, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Maude Pauly
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Malik S, Sinclair A, Ryan A, Le Gresley A. Synthesis and Initial Evaluation of a Novel Fluorophore for Selective FMDV 3C Protease Detection. Molecules 2020; 25:E3599. [PMID: 32784761 PMCID: PMC7465021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and evaluation of a Boc-AL(Boc)Q(Trt)-AMC fluorophore to detect 3C Protease, produced by Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is reported, with a view to a potential use as a rapid screen for FMDV infected livestock The peptide-linked conjugate fluorophore is evaluated in vitro for sensitivity, specificity, stability and rapidity and shows statistically significant increases in fluorescence when exposed to physiologically relevant concentrations of 3C Protease and selectivity when compared with other common proteases likely to be located, typically in the absence of FMDV. The stability of deprotected Boc-AL(Boc)Q(Trt)-AMC is reported as a limitation of this probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam Le Gresley
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SEC Faculty, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK; (S.M.); (A.S.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Detection of Bovine Antibodies against a Conserved Capsid Epitope as the Basis of a Novel Universal Serological Test for Foot-and-Mouth Disease. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58:JCM.01527-19. [PMID: 32188689 PMCID: PMC7269384 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01527-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic tests for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) include the detection of antibodies against either the viral nonstructural proteins or the capsid. The detection of antibodies against the structural proteins (SP) of the capsid can be used to monitor seroconversion in both infected and vaccinated animals. However, SP tests need to be tailored to the individual FMD virus (FMDV) serotype and their sensitivity may be affected by antigenic variability within each serotype and mismatching between test reagents. Diagnostic tests for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) include the detection of antibodies against either the viral nonstructural proteins or the capsid. The detection of antibodies against the structural proteins (SP) of the capsid can be used to monitor seroconversion in both infected and vaccinated animals. However, SP tests need to be tailored to the individual FMD virus (FMDV) serotype and their sensitivity may be affected by antigenic variability within each serotype and mismatching between test reagents. As a consequence, FMD reference laboratories are required to maintain multiple type-specific SP assays and reagents. A universal SP test would simplify frontline diagnostics and facilitate large-scale serological surveillance and postvaccination monitoring. In this study, a highly conserved region in the N terminus of FMDV capsid protein VP2 (VP2N) was characterized using a panel of intertype-reactive monoclonal antibodies. This revealed a universal epitope in VP2N which could be used as a peptide antigen to detect FMDV-specific antibodies against all types of the virus. A VP2-peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (VP2-ELISA) was optimized using experimental and reference antisera from immunized, convalescent, and naïve animals (n = 172). The VP2-ELISA is universal and simple and provided sensitive (99%) and specific (93%) detection of antibodies to all FMDV strains used in this study. We anticipate that this SP test could have utility for serosurveillance during virus incursions in FMD-free countries and as an additional screening tool to assess FMD virus circulation in countries where the disease is endemic.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tesfaye Y, Khan F, Gelaye E. Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses collected from Northern and Central Ethiopia during the 2018 outbreak. Vet World 2020; 13:542-548. [PMID: 32367962 PMCID: PMC7183482 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.542-548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in several developing countries and affects poor farmers through loss of production, death of diseased animals, and loss of animal byproducts. Forty-three samples were collected from 12 sites of five geographical located areas from suspected FMD virus (FMDV)-infected cattle during 2018. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the FMDVs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene sequencing. Materials and Methods Forty-three FMDV-suspected clinical samples cultured on BHK-21 cell were examined, followed by virus serotype identification using RT-PCR and gene sequencing. Results Twenty-nine (67.44%) samples were cultured on BHK-21 cell, of which 14 (32.56%) were not isolated; the 43 samples were analyzed using FMDV screening primers and serotype-specific primers. The contribution of the disease-causing serotype was serotype O of 8 (18.60%) samples, serotype A of 20 (46.51%) samples, and mixed infection (O and A) of 1 (2.33%) sample. Serotypes O and A were further characterized by phylogenetic analysis, which grouped them under East Africa 3 and Africa topotypes of genotype IV, respectively. Interestingly, serotype A was isolated for the 1st time from Keyet sub-woreda and Mulo woreda of Ethiopia, and mixed serotypes (O and A) were identified from the purchased animal. Conclusion Molecular test result, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree reconstruction analysis revealed that the 2018 FMD outbreak in Ethiopia was caused by FMDV serotypes O and A. FMDV serotype A was the predominant strain circulating in most study areas of the country. Infections in one sample with mixed serotypes of O and A were also reported. The authors recommend a vaccine matching study of those field isolated viruses with the vaccine strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeneneh Tesfaye
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Research and Development, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Esayas Gelaye
- Department of Research and Development, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genetic Determinants of Altered Virulence of Type O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01657-19. [PMID: 31915277 PMCID: PMC7081894 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01657-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
FMD is probably the most important livestock disease in the world due to the severe economic consequences caused. The alteration of several viral genes may give the virus selective advantage to maintain its prevalence in nature. Here, we identified that a 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment combined with a single leucine insertion in the leader protein (Lpro) is a novel determinant of restricted growth on bovine cells, which significantly contributes to the altered virulence of serotype O FMDV in cattle. A synergistic and additive effect of the 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment and the single leucine insertion in Lpro on the virulence and host specificity of the virus was determined. These results will benefit efforts to understand the vial pathogenicity mechanism and molecular characteristics of FMDV. Under different circumstances, the alteration of several viral genes may give an evolutionary advantage to the virus to maintain its prevalence in nature. In this study, a 70-nucleotide deletion in the small fragment (S fragment) of the viral 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) together with one amino acid insertion in the leader protein (Lpro) that naturally occurred in several serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains in China was identified. The properties of two field serotype O FMDV strains, with or without the 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment and the amino acid insertion in Lpro, were compared in vitro and in vivo. Clinical manifestations of FMD were clearly observed in cattle and pigs infected by the virus without the mutations. However, the virus with the mentioned mutations caused FMD outcomes only in pigs, not in cattle. To determine the role of the 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment and the single amino acid insertion in Lpro in the pathogenicity and host range of FMDV, four recombinant viruses, with complete genomes and a 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment, a single amino acid insertion in Lpro, or both mutations, were constructed and rescued. It showed that deletion of 70 nucleotides in the S fragment or insertion of one amino acid (leucine) at position 10 of Lpro partly decreased the viral pathogenicity of Mya-98 lineage virus in cattle and pigs. However, the virus with dual mutations caused clinical disease only in pigs, not in cattle. This suggested that the S fragment and Lpro are significantly associated with the virulence and host specificity of FMDV. The naturally occurring dual mutation in the S fragment and Lpro is a novel determinant of viral pathogenicity and host range for serotype O FMDV. IMPORTANCE FMD is probably the most important livestock disease in the world due to the severe economic consequences caused. The alteration of several viral genes may give the virus selective advantage to maintain its prevalence in nature. Here, we identified that a 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment combined with a single leucine insertion in the leader protein (Lpro) is a novel determinant of restricted growth on bovine cells, which significantly contributes to the altered virulence of serotype O FMDV in cattle. A synergistic and additive effect of the 70-nucleotide deletion in the S fragment and the single leucine insertion in Lpro on the virulence and host specificity of the virus was determined. These results will benefit efforts to understand the vial pathogenicity mechanism and molecular characteristics of FMDV.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ko MK, Jo HE, Choi JH, You SH, Shin SH, Jo H, Lee MJ, Kim SM, Kim B, Park JH. Improved foot-and-mouth disease vaccine with O PanAsia-2 strain protect pigs against O/Jincheon/SKR/2014 originated from South Korea. Vaccine 2020; 38:1120-1128. [PMID: 31810782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Efforts are required to develop foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines in Asia that can respond to the type O outbreaks that have continued with the devastating damage since 2010. It is necessary to develop vaccine strains that can provide protection against the ME-SA topotype, which has tended to spread into neighboring areas, and the frequent SEA topotype outbreaks. To this end, this study aimed to develop a FMD vaccine utilizing O PanAsia-2 that is able to provide broad protection against ME-SA as the vaccine strain, with a focus on the O/Jincheon/SKR/2014 virus (SEA topotype), the outbreaks of which have persisted in spite of the enforcement of FMD vaccination. The virus neutralizing antibody (VN) titer to the ME-SA topotype (especially, Ind2001 lineage) virus in pigs was the highest, followed by SEA, while the VN titers to the Cathay and EURO-SA topotypes were similar. In the O/Jincheon/SKR/2014 virus challenge test, all pigs were protected against the virus, and almost no virus shedding was detected after the virus challenge. In the immunization test performed on cattle and pigs, antibodies with sufficient protective activity were produced in cattle two weeks after the first immunization, and pigs exhibited lower immunity compared to cattle. However, immunity was improved enough in pigs to provide protection against the virus challenge after the second immunization, with a significant increase in antibody production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Jo
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyung Choi
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwa You
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Shin
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyundong Jo
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ja Lee
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jo HE, Ko MK, Choi JH, Shin SH, Jo H, You SH, Lee MJ, Kim SM, Kim B, Park JH. New foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, O JC-R, induce complete protection to pigs against SEA topotype viruses occurred in South Korea, 2014-2015. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e42. [PMID: 31364326 PMCID: PMC6669207 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute epidemic that spreads rapidly among cattle and pigs. In 2014, in Korea, despite enforced vaccination, the type O Southeast Asia (SEA) topotype viruses (Mya-98 lineage) infected mainly cattle and pigs simultaneously, thereby causing enormous damage. If a vaccine that is completely protective against this FMD virus is developed and used, it can become a very important preventive measure in Asia, which is where this type of virus mainly circulates. The SEA topotype has been steadily evolving and transforming into new variations since it became epidemic in Asia. Therefore, it became necessary to develop a new vaccine that could provide protection against the FMD virus strain that was responsible for the 2014–2015 outbreak in Korea. This study aimed to develop a vaccine that would provide complete protection against the SEA topotype FMD virus to control sporadic FMD outbreaks, which occur despite the enforcement of vaccination, and to completely prevent virus shedding, thereby preventing the virus from spreading. The vaccine candidate virus developed in this study showed low pathogenicity and can be distinguished from the wild-type FMD virus strain. The developed vaccine was able to protect mice from SEA and Middle East–South Asia topotype virus strains and induced high titers of antibodies against both virus strains in pigs, thereby confirming the sufficiency of its protective function. In particular, the results of the SEA topotype virus challenge test in pigs revealed that perfect immunity was created in the vaccinated pigs, without virus shedding and viremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Eun Jo
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Ko
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Joo Hyung Choi
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Shin
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Hyundong Jo
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Su Hwa You
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Min Ja Lee
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Su Mi Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jong Hyeon Park
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Genetic Determinants of Virulence between Two Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Isolates Which Caused Outbreaks of Differing Severity. mSphere 2019; 4:4/4/e00294-19. [PMID: 31413173 PMCID: PMC6695517 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00294-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains reveal different degrees of infectivity and pathogenicity in host animals. The differences in severity among outbreaks might be ascribable to these differences in infectivity among FMDV strains. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences, we estimated the infectivity of O/JPN/2000 and O/JPN/2010, which caused outbreaks of markedly different scales, in cell lines, Holstein cattle, and suckling mice. Viral growth of the two strains in cells was not remarkably different; however, O/JPN/2000 showed apparently low transmissibility in cattle. Mortality rates of suckling mice inoculated intraperitoneally with a 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of 10 for O/JPN/2000 and O/JPN/2010 also differed, at 0% and 100%, respectively. To identify genes responsible for this difference in infectivity, genetic regions of the full-length cDNA of O/JPN/2010 were replaced with corresponding fragments of O/JPN/2000. A total of eight recombinant viruses were successfully recovered, and suckling mice were intraperitoneally inoculated. Strikingly, recombinants having either VP1 or 3D derived from O/JPN/2000 showed 0% mortality in suckling mice, whereas other recombinants showed 100% mortality. This finding indicates that VP1, the outermost component of the virus particle, and 3D, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, are individually involved in the virulence of O/JPN/2010. Three-dimensional structural analysis of VP1 confirmed that amino acid differences between the two strains were located mainly at the domain interacting with the cellular receptor. On the other hand, measurement of their mutation frequencies demonstrated that O/JPN/2000 had higher replication fidelity than O/JPN/2010.IMPORTANCE Efforts to understand the universal mechanism of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection may be aided by knowledge of the molecular mechanisms which underlie differences in virulence beyond multiple topotypes and serotypes of FMDV. Here, we demonstrated independent genetic determinants of two FMDV isolates which have different transmissibility in cattle, namely, VP1 and 3D protein. Findings suggested that the selectivity of VP1 for host cell receptors and replication fidelity during replication were important individual factors in the induction of differences in virulence in the host as well as in the severity of outbreaks in the field. These findings will aid the development of safe live vaccines and antivirals which obstruct viral infection in natural hosts.
Collapse
|
15
|
Singanallur NB, Anderson DE, Sessions OM, Kamaraj US, Bowden TR, Horsington J, Cowled C, Wang LF, Vosloo W. Probe capture enrichment next-generation sequencing of complete foot-and-mouth disease virus genomes in clinical samples. J Virol Methods 2019; 272:113703. [PMID: 31336142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques offer an unprecedented "step-change" increase in the quantity and quality of sequence data rapidly generated from a sample and can be applied to obtain ultra-deep coverage of viral genomes. This is not possible with the routinely used Sanger sequencing method that gives the consensus reads, or by cloning approaches. In this study, a targeted-enrichment methodology for the simultaneous acquisition of complete foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) genomes directly from clinical samples is presented. Biotinylated oligonucleotide probes (120 nt) were used to capture and enrich viral RNA following library preparation. To create a virus capture panel targeting serotype O and A simultaneously, 18 baits targeting the highly conserved regions of the 8.3 kb FMDV genome were synthesised, with 14 common to both serotypes, 2 specific to serotype O and 2 specific to serotype A. These baits were used to capture and enrich FMDV RNA (as cDNA) from samples collected during one pathogenesis and two vaccine efficacy trials, where pigs were infected with serotype O or A viruses. After enrichment, FMDV-specific sequencing reads increased by almost 3000-fold. The sequence data were used in variant call analysis to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This methodology was robust in its ability to capture diverse sequences, was shown to be highly sensitive, and can be easily scaled for large-scale epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle E Anderson
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - October M Sessions
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uma S Kamaraj
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Timothy R Bowden
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jacquelyn Horsington
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Christopher Cowled
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Wilna Vosloo
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fernandez-Sainz I, Gavitt TD, Koster M, Ramirez-Medina E, Rodriguez YY, Wu P, Silbart LK, de Los Santos T, Szczepanek SM. The VP1 G-H loop hypervariable epitope contributes to protective immunity against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in swine. Vaccine 2019; 37:3435-3442. [PMID: 31085001 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious and economically important disease of livestock. While vaccination is often effective at controlling viral spread, failures can occur due to strain mismatch or viral mutation. Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) possesses a hypervariable region within the G-H Loop of VP1, a capsid protein commonly associated with virus neutralization. Here, we investigate the effect of replacement of the G-H loop hypervariable epitope with a xenoepitope from PRRS virus on the immunogenicity and efficacy of an adenovirus vectored FMDV vaccine (Ad5-FMD). Pigs were vaccinated with Ad5-FMD, the modified Ad5-FMDxeno, or PBS, followed by intradermal challenge with FDMV strain O1 Manisa at 21 days post-vaccination. While overall serum antibody titers were significantly higher in Ad5-FMDxeno vaccinated animals, neutralizing antibody titers were decreased in pigs that received Ad5-FMDxeno, when compared to those vaccinated with Ad5-FMD, prior to viral challenge, indicative of immune redirection away from VP1 towards non-neutralizing epitopes. As expected, animals vaccinated with unmodified Ad5-FMD were protected from lesions, fever, and viremia. In contrast, animals vaccinated with Ad5-FMDxeno developed clinical signs and viremia, but at lower levels than that observed in PBS-treated controls. No significant difference was found in nasal shedding of virions between the two Ad5-FMD vaccinated groups. This data suggests that the hypervariable epitope of the VP1 G-H loop contributes to protective immunity conferred by Ad5 vector-delivered FMD vaccines in swine, and cannot be substituted without a loss of immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernandez-Sainz
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Services, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Tyler D Gavitt
- Centers of Excellence for Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Marla Koster
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Services, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yelitza Y Rodriguez
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Services, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA; Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA; Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratory, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Services, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA; Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA; Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratory, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence K Silbart
- Centers of Excellence for Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Teresa de Los Santos
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Services, North East Area, U.S Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Steven M Szczepanek
- Centers of Excellence for Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kerfua SD, Shirima G, Kusiluka L, Ayebazibwe C, Martin E, Arinaitwe E, Cleaveland S, Haydon DT. Low topotype diversity of recent foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes O and A from districts located along the Uganda and Tanzania border. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e4. [PMID: 30944527 PMCID: PMC6441803 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most important livestock diseases in East Africa with outbreaks reported annually that cause severe economic losses. It is possible to control disease using vaccination, but antigenic matching of the vaccine to circulating strains is critical. To determine the relationship between foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in districts along the Uganda and Tanzanian border between 2016 and 2017 and currently used vaccines, phylogenetic analysis of the full VP1 virus sequences was carried out on samples collected from both sides of the border. A total of 43 clinical samples were collected from animals exhibiting signs of FMD and VP1 sequences generated from 11 of them. Eight out of the 11 sequences obtained belonged to serotype O and three belonged to serotype A. The serotype O sequences obtained showed limited nucleotide divergence (average of 4.9%) and belonged to topotype East Africa-2, whereas the most common O-type vaccine strain used in the region (O/KEN/77/78) belonged to East Africa-1. The serotype A viruses belonged to topotype Africa-G1 (average nucleotide divergence 7.4%), as did vaccine strain K5/1980. However, vaccine strain K35/1980 belonged to Africa G VII with an average sequence divergence of 20.5% from the study sequences. The genetic distances between current vaccine strains and circulating field strains underscores the crucial need for regular vaccine matching and the importance of collaborative efforts for better control of FMD along this border area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Diana Kerfua
- Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, P.O.Box 447, Tanzania.,Department of Microbiology, National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Wakiso, P.O.Box 5704, Uganda
| | - Gabriel Shirima
- Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, P.O.Box 447, Tanzania
| | - Lughano Kusiluka
- Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mzumbe University, Morogoro, P.O.Box 1, Tanzania
| | - Chrisostom Ayebazibwe
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiological Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, P.O.Box 53, Uganda
| | - Esau Martin
- Department of Immunology, National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiological Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, P.O.Box 53, Uganda
| | - Eugene Arinaitwe
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiological Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, P.O.Box 53, Uganda
| | - Sarah Cleaveland
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel T Haydon
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yamada M, Fukai K, Morioka K, Nishi T, Yamazoe R, Kitano R, Shimada N, Yoshida K, Kanno T, Sakamoto K, Yamakawa M. Pathogenesis of the attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus O/JPN/2000 in experimentally infected pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1669-1675. [PMID: 30224577 PMCID: PMC6261817 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the pathogenesis of the attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) O/JPN/2000 in pigs. The virus used in this study was passaged three times in primary bovine kidney (BK)
cells and once in baby hamster kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells after isolation. A plaque assay demonstrated that this virus exhibited the small plaque (SP) phenotype. There was no clinical or
histological evidence of vesicular lesions in pigs intraorally inoculated with 106 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/ml of the SP virus (SPV)
of FMDV O/JPN/2000. Although fever was detected from 2 or 3 days post inoculation (dpi), there was no other prominent clinical sign up to 6 dpi. Virus shedding from saliva and nasal swab
samples was not observed in any pigs inoculated with the SPV of FMDV O/JPN/2000. In the foot, mild lamellar degeneration of prickle cells in the upper layer of the stratum spinosum was
histologically observed without development into vesicular or necrotic lesions. Immunohistochemical virus antigen- and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-nick end labeling
(TUNEL)-positive reactions observed in the foot at 1 dpi seemed to disappear after 3 and 6 dpi. Our findings suggest that the SPV of FMDV O/JPN/2000 had low pathogenicity against pigs by
intraoral inoculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Yamada
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Fukai
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuki Morioka
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishi
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Reiko Yamazoe
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Rie Kitano
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shimada
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yoshida
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Toru Kanno
- Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0045, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakamoto
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Park JH, Tark D, Lee KN, Chun JE, Lee HS, Ko YJ, Kye SJ, Kim YJ, Oem JK, Ryoo S, Lim SB, Lee SY, Choi JH, Ko MK, You SH, Lee MH, Kim B. Control of type O foot-and-mouth disease by vaccination in Korea, 2014-2015. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:271-279. [PMID: 29169228 PMCID: PMC5879075 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
On December 3, 2014, a type O foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak began in Korea. Although vaccinations were administered, FMD cases increased steadily for five months, and reached 185 cases by April 2015. Most of the affected animals were pigs, which are vulnerable to vaccination. The FMD virus belonged to the South-East Asia (SEA) topotype that had been observed three times in Korea between April 2010 and July 2014. However, the FMD virus isolated in December 2014 had a unique feature; that is, partial deletion of the 5´ non-coding region, a deletion not seen in previous SEA topotype isolates identified in Korea. We conclude that this outbreak included the introduction of a new FMD strain to Korea, and that Korea was now affected by genetically similar FMD virus strains that are related to those from neighboring countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
| | | | - Ji-Eun Chun
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Hyang-Sim Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Kye
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Yong-Joo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jae-Ku Oem
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Soyoon Ryoo
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Sung-Bin Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Seo-Yong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyung Choi
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Su-Hwa You
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | | | - Byounghan Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mahapatra M, Parida S. Foot and mouth disease vaccine strain selection: current approaches and future perspectives. Expert Rev Vaccines 2018; 17:577-591. [PMID: 29950121 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1492378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lack of cross protection between foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) serotypes as well as incomplete protection between some subtypes of FMDV affect the application of vaccine in the field. Further, the emergence of new variant FMD viruses periodically makes the existing vaccine inefficient. Consequently, periodical vaccine strain selection either by in vivo methods or in vitro methods become an essential requirement to enable utilization of appropriate and efficient vaccines. AREAS COVERED Here we describe the cross reactivity of the existing vaccines with the global pool of circulating viruses and the putative selected vaccine strains for targeting protection against the two major circulating serotype O and A FMD viruses for East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia and South East Asia. EXPERT COMMENTARY Although in vivo cross protection studies are more appropriate methods for vaccine matching and selection than in vitro neutralization test or ELISA, in the face of an outbreak both in vivo and in vitro methods of vaccine matching are not easy, and time consuming. The FMDV capsid contains all the immunogenic epitopes, and therefore vaccine strain prediction models using both capsid sequence and serology data will likely replace existing tools in the future.
Collapse
|
21
|
Brito B, Pauszek SJ, Hartwig EJ, Smoliga GR, Vu LT, Dong PV, Stenfeldt C, Rodriguez LL, King DP, Knowles NJ, Bachanek-Bankowska K, Long NT, Dung DH, Arzt J. A traditional evolutionary history of foot-and-mouth disease viruses in Southeast Asia challenged by analyses of non-structural protein coding sequences. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6472. [PMID: 29691483 PMCID: PMC5915611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombination of rapidly evolving RNA-viruses provides an important mechanism for diversification, spread, and emergence of new variants with enhanced fitness. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes an important transboundary disease of livestock that is endemic to most countries in Asia and Africa. Maintenance and spread of FMDV are driven by periods of dominance of specific viral lineages. Current understanding of the molecular epidemiology of FMDV lineages is generally based on the phylogenetic relationship of the capsid-encoding genes, with less attention to the process of recombination and evolution of non-structural proteins. In this study, the putative recombination breakpoints of FMDVs endemic to Southeast Asia were determined using full-open reading frame sequences. Subsequently, the lineages’ divergence times of recombination-free genome regions were estimated. These analyses revealed a close relationship between two of the earliest endemic viral lineages that appear unrelated when only considering the phylogeny of their capsid proteins. Contrastingly, one lineage, named O/CATHAY, known for having a particular host predilection (pigs) has evolved independently. Additionally, intra-lineage recombination occurred at different breakpoints compared to the inter-lineage process. These results provide new insights about FMDV recombination patterns and the evolutionary interdependence of FMDV serotypes and lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brito
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA. .,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Steven J Pauszek
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA
| | - Ethan J Hartwig
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA
| | - George R Smoliga
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA
| | - Le T Vu
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pham V Dong
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Carolina Stenfeldt
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Luis L Rodriguez
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA
| | - Donald P King
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | - Nick J Knowles
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Ngo T Long
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Do H Dung
- Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jonathan Arzt
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yamada M, Fukai K, Morioka K, Nishi T, Yamazoe R, Kitano R, Shimada N, Yoshida K, Kanno T, Sakamoto K, Yamakawa M. Early pathogenesis of the foot-and-mouth disease virus O/JPN/2010 in experimentally infected pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2018. [PMID: 29515043 PMCID: PMC5938202 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the histological distribution of the lesions and the viral antigen associated
with the virus and virus RNA in multisystemic organs in the early stages of foot-and-mouth
disease virus (FMDV) O/JPN/2010 infection in pigs. Characteristic lesions commonly
observed in pigs with FMD arise following inoculation with 106 tissue culture
infectious dose (TCID)50/ml of FMDV O/JPN/2010 in pigs at 3
days post inoculation (dpi) by a natural infectious route. However, none of the six pigs
inoculated with 103 TCID50/ml of FMDV O/JPN/2010
showed any evidence of infection up to 6 dpi. Immunohistochemical detection for the FMDV
antigen and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL)
showed that FMDV predominantly infected prickle cells in the stratum spinosum in the
tongue, coronet and bulb of the heel, and caused these infected cells to undergo cell
death by apoptosis. However, there was no evidence that FMDV O/JPN/2010 infected
epithelial/epidermal basal cells in the basal layer. Epithelial lesions with viral antigen
in the tongue were distributed in the dorsal surface but not in the papillae, corpus
linguae or inferior surface of the tongue. Non-suppurative myocarditis and epithelial
lesions in the esophagus with FMDV antigen were observed in all three pigs examined at 3
dpi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Yamada
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Fukai
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuki Morioka
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishi
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Reiko Yamazoe
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Rie Kitano
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shimada
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yoshida
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Toru Kanno
- Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0045, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakamoto
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Galdo Novo S, Malirat V, Maradei E, Pedemonte A, Espinoza A, Smitsaart E, Lee K, Park J, Bergmann I. Efficacy of a high quality O1/Campos foot-and-mouth disease vaccine upon challenge with a heterologous Korean O Mya98 lineage virus in pigs. Vaccine 2018; 36:1570-1576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Sobhy NM, Bayoumi YH, Mor SK, El-Zahar HI, Goyal SM. Outbreaks of foot and mouth disease in Egypt: Molecular epidemiology, evolution and cardiac biomarkers prognostic significance. Int J Vet Sci Med 2018; 6:22-30. [PMID: 30255074 PMCID: PMC6148740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) was isolated from sloughed tongue epithelium of Egyptian cattle presenting with mouth lesions and ropy salivation in two Egyptian governorates (El-Fayoum and Dakahlia). The virus was isolated in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells and identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The complete genome was obtained by next generation sequencing. The strains isolated from El-Fayoum and Dakahlia were serotype A and O, respectively and both isolates had identity with the previously reported Egyptian strains. This study reports successive outbreaks of FMDV that occurred in Egypt during 2015–2016 and describes the dynamics of two outbreaks in addition to the use of cardiac biomarkers in the diagnosis of FMD-related myocarditis in calves and its clinical relevance. Serum cardiac troponin1 (cTn I) and creatinine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) were measured. Mean serum cardiac troponin1 (cTn I) showed significant increase (P < 0.001) in FMDV-infected calves. The increase in fatal and recovered cases was (2.794 ± 0.502 ng/mL) and (1.196 ± 0.443 ng/mL), respectively, compared to the healthy control cases (0.014 ± 0.002 ng/mL). Thus, the serum cTn-I successfully diagnosed FMD-associated myocarditis in calves but not prognostic for the fatal cases. The FMDV sequences described in this study should further help in studying FMDV endemicity in Egypt, tracking the source of infection, selection of control strategies and vaccine updates. The study also determines the clinical relevance of cardiac biomarkers in diagnosis of FMDV-related myocarditis in infected calves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader M Sobhy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt
| | - Yasmin H Bayoumi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt
| | - Sunil K Mor
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine (Virology), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Heba I El-Zahar
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt
| | - Sagar M Goyal
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine (Virology), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Qiu Y, Abila R, Rodtian P, King DP, Knowles NJ, Ngo LT, Le VT, Khounsy S, Bounma P, Lwin S, Verin BC, Widders P. Emergence of an exotic strain of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d in South-East Asia in 2015. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:e104-e112. [PMID: 28856846 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The O/Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA)/Ind-2001 lineage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is endemic in the Indian subcontinent and has been reported in the Middle East and North Africa, but it had not been detected in South-East Asia (SEA) before 2015. This study reports the recent incursions of this viral lineage into SEA, which caused outbreaks in Vientiane Capital of Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) in April 2015, in Dak Nong, Dak Lak and Ninh Thuan Provinces of Vietnam from May to October 2015, and in Rakhine State of Myanmar in October 2015. Disease investigations were conducted during the outbreaks and followed up after laboratory results confirmed the involvement of FMDV O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 sublineage d (O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d). Affected host species included cattle, buffalo and pig, and all the outbreaks resolved within 2 months. Animals with clinical signs were separated, and affected premises were disinfected. However, strict movement restrictions were not enforced, and emergency vaccinations were only implemented in Vientiane Capital of Lao PDR and Dak Nong and Ninh Thuan Provinces of Vietnam. Clinical samples were collected from each outbreak and examined by nucleotide sequencing of the FMDV viral protein 1 coding region. Sequence analysis revealed that the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d isolates from Lao PDR and Vietnam were closely related to each other and similar to viruses previously circulating in India in 2013. Viruses collected from Myanmar were divergent from viruses of the same sublineage recovered from Lao PDR and Vietnam but were closely related to viruses present in Bangladesh in 2015. These findings imply that at least two independent introductions of O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d into SEA have occurred. Our study highlights the transboundary nature of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and reinforces the importance of improved FMD surveillance and promotion of safer cross-border trade in SEA to control the risk of introduction and spread of exotic FMDV strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Qiu
- OIE Sub-Regional Representation for South-East Asia, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - R Abila
- OIE Sub-Regional Representation for South-East Asia, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Rodtian
- OIE FMD Reference Laboratory/Regional FMD Reference Laboratory for South-East Asia, Pakchong, Thailand
| | - D P King
- OIE FMD Reference Laboratory/FAO World FMD Reference Laboratory, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | - N J Knowles
- OIE FMD Reference Laboratory/FAO World FMD Reference Laboratory, Woking, Surrey, UK
| | - L T Ngo
- Regional Animal Health Office No.6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - V T Le
- Regional Animal Health Office No.6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - S Khounsy
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - P Bounma
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - S Lwin
- Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - B C Verin
- OIE Sub-Regional Representation for South-East Asia, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Widders
- OIE Sub-Regional Representation for South-East Asia, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oh JN, Choi KH, Lee CK. Multi-resistance strategy for viral diseases and in vitro short hairpin RNA verification method in pigs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:489-498. [PMID: 29268580 PMCID: PMC5838320 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Foot and mouth disease (FMD) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are major diseases that interrupt porcine production. Because they are viral diseases, vaccinations are of only limited effectiveness in preventing outbreaks. To establish an alternative multi-resistant strategy against FMD virus (FMDV) and PRRS virus (PRRSV), the present study introduced two genetic modification techniques to porcine cells. Methods First, cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163), the PRRSV viral receptor, was edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 technique. The CD163 gene sequences of edited cells and control cells differed. Second, short hairpin RNA (shRNAs) were integrated into the cells. The shRNAs, targeting the 3D gene of FMDV and the open reading frame 7 (ORF7) gene of PRRSV, were transferred into fibroblasts. We also developed an in vitro shRNA verification method with a target gene expression vector. Results shRNA activity was confirmed in vitro with vectors that expressed the 3D and ORF7 genes in the cells. Cells containing shRNAs showed lower transcript levels than cells with only the expression vectors. The shRNAs were integrated into CD163-edited cells to combine the two techniques, and the viral genes were suppressed in these cells. Conclusion We established a multi-resistant strategy against viral diseases and an in vitro shRNA verification method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Nam Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Designed Animal and Transplantation Research Institute (DATRI), Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mahapatra M, Upadhyaya S, Aviso S, Babu A, Hutchings G, Parida S. Selection of vaccine strains for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (2007-2012) circulating in Southeast Asia, East Asia and Far East. Vaccine 2017; 35:7147-7153. [PMID: 29157957 PMCID: PMC5720463 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA) and East Asia with circulation of multiple serotypes and multiple genotypes within each serotype of the virus. Although countries like Japan and South Korea in the Far East were free of FMD, in 2010 FMD serotype O (O/Mya-98) outbreaks were recorded and since then South Korea has experienced several FMD outbreaks despite regular vaccination. In this study a total of 85 serotype O FMD viruses (FMDV) isolated from 2007 to 2012 from SEA, East Asia and Far East were characterized by virus neutralisation tests using antisera to four existing (O/HKN/6/83, O/IND/R2/75, O/SKR/2010 and O/PanAsia-2) and one putative (O/MYA/2009) vaccine strains, and by full capsid sequencing. Serological studies revealed broad cross-reactivity with the vaccine strains; O/PanAsia-2 exhibited a good match with 95.3%, O/HKN/6/83 with 91.8%, O/IND/R2/75 with 80%, and the putative strain O/MYA/2009 with 89.4% isolates employed in this study. Similarly O/PanAsia-2 and O/IND/R2/75 vaccines showed a good match with all eight viruses belonging to O-Ind-2001d sublineage whereas the vaccines of O/Mya-98 lineage, O/MYA/2009 and O/SKR/2010 exhibited the lowest match indicating their unsuitability to protect infections from O-Ind-2001d viruses. A Bayesian analysis of the capsid sequence data indicated these circulating viruses (n = 85) to be of either SEA or Middle East-South Asian (ME-SA) topotype. The ME-SA topotype viruses were mainly detected in Lao PDR, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand reflecting the trade links with the Indian subcontinent, and also within the SEA countries. Implications of these results in the context of FMD control in SEA and East Asian countries are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Mahapatra
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK
| | | | - Sharie Aviso
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK; School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia
| | - Aravindh Babu
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK
| | - Geoff Hutchings
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK
| | - Satya Parida
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK; School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Horsington J, Perez CB, Maradei E, Novo SG, Gonzales JL, Singanallur NB, Bonastre P, Vosloo W. Protective effects of high-potency FMDV O 1 Manisa monovalent vaccine in cattle challenged with FMDV O/SKR/2010 at 7 or 4 days post vaccination. Vaccine 2017; 35:5179-5185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
A Synonymous Mutation at Bovine Alpha Vitronectin Domain of Integrin Host Receptor (ITGAV) Gene Effect the Susceptibility of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Crossbred Cattle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28567614 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are one of the major biologically active proteins responsible for Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)- host interaction. Out of various heterodimeric integrins discovered, αVβ6 heterodimer serves as the chief receptor for FMDV host tropism. Earlier studies reported that, SNPs at beta 6 subunit (ITGB6) were associated with the occurrence of the diseases in cattle. In this study we report the association between a synonymous SNP (rs719257875) at bovine alpha vitronectin domain of integrin receptor (ITGAV) gene and FMD susceptibility in cattle. A strong significant association (P < 0.0001) of the genotypes with FMD susceptibility were obtained, where the CC genotypes play a major role in occurrence of FMD in crossbred cattle.
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhai SL, Zhang H, Lin T, Chen SN, Zhou X, Chen QL, Lv DH, Wen XH, Zhou XR, Jia CL, Wei WK. A novel porcine kobuvirus emerged in piglets with severe diarrhoea in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 64:1030-1036. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-L. Zhai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - H. Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou China
| | - T. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
| | - S.-N. Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
| | - X. Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou China
| | - Q.-L. Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - D.-H. Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - X.-H. Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - X.-R. Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - C.-L. Jia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - W.-K. Wei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention; Animal Disease Diagnostic Center; Institute of Animal Health; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Complete Genome Sequence of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus of Serotype O Isolated from Gimje, Republic of Korea, in 2016. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/10/e01694-16. [PMID: 28280025 PMCID: PMC5347245 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01694-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype O virus isolated from Gimje, Republic of Korea, is reported here.
Collapse
|
32
|
Fernandez-Sainz I, Medina GN, Ramirez-Medina E, Koster MJ, Grubman MJ, de Los Santos T. Adenovirus-vectored foot-and-mouth disease vaccine confers early and full protection against FMDV O1 Manisa in swine. Virology 2016; 502:123-132. [PMID: 28039799 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A human adenovirus (Ad5) vectored foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) O1-Manisa subunit vaccine (Ad5-O1Man) was engineered to deliver FMDV O1-Manisa capsid and capsid-processing proteins. Swine inoculated with Ad5-O1Man developed an FMDV-specific humoral response as compared to animals inoculated with an empty Ad5-vector. Vaccinated animals were completely protected against homologous challenge at 7 or 21 days post-vaccination. Potency studies exhibited a PD50 of about 107 pfu/animal while a dose of 4×107pfu/animal fully protected swine against FMDV intradermal challenge. In-vitro cross-neutralization analysis distinctly predicted that swine vaccinated with Ad5-O1Man would be protected against challenge with homologous FMDV O1Man Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA) topotype and also against recent outbreak strains of Mya-98 South East Asia (SEA) lineage including O1-UK-2001 and O1-South Korea-2010. These results indicate that recombinant Ad5-O1Man is an effective, safe and cross-reacting vaccine that could potentially be used preventively and in outbreak situations, to control FMDV O Mya-98 lineage in swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernandez-Sainz
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Gisselle N Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; ORISE-PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; ORISE-PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Marla J Koster
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Marvin J Grubman
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lyons NA, Lyoo YS, King DP, Paton DJ. Challenges of Generating and Maintaining Protective Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2016; 3:102. [PMID: 27965966 PMCID: PMC5127833 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination can play a central role in the control of outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) by reducing both the impact of clinical disease and the extent of virus transmission between susceptible animals. Recent incursions of exotic FMD virus lineages into several East Asian countries have highlighted the difficulties of generating and maintaining an adequate immune response in vaccinated pigs. Factors that impact vaccine performance include (i) the potency, antigenic payload, and formulation of a vaccine; (ii) the antigenic match between the vaccine and the heterologous circulating field strain; and (iii) the regime (timing, frequency, and herd-level coverage) used to administer the vaccine. This review collates data from studies that have evaluated the performance of foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines at the individual and population level in pigs and identifies research priorities that could provide new insights to improve vaccination in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Lyons
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK
- European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Young S. Lyoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Park JH, Tark D, Lee KN, Lee SY, Ko MK, Lee HS, Kim SM, Ko YJ, Seo MG, Chun JE, Lee MH, Kim B. Novel foot-and-mouth disease virus in Korea, July-August 2014. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2016; 5:83-7. [PMID: 26866028 PMCID: PMC4742604 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2016.5.1.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite nation-wide immunization with O, A, and Asia 1 type vaccines in Republic of Korea, foot-and-mouth disease type O occurred again in July 2014 after three years and three months. This virus was a Mya-98 strain of the Southeast Asian topotype and was most similar to the identified type that circulated in East Asia in 2014. This was new virus with the deletion of 23 amino acids in 3A/3B1 region and low pathogenic property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seo-Yong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | - Min-Goo Seo
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Chun
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Evaluation of Infectivity, Virulence and Transmission of FDMV Field Strains of Serotypes O and A Isolated In 2010 from Outbreaks in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146445. [PMID: 26735130 PMCID: PMC4703371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the early 2000s outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) have been described in several previously FMD-free Asian nations, including the Republic of Korea (South Korea). One outbreak with FMD virus (FDMV) serotype A and two with serotype O occurred in South Korea in 2010/2011. The causative viruses belonged to lineages that had been spreading in South East Asia, far East and East Asia since 2009 and presented a great threat to the countries in that region. Most FMDV strains infect ruminants and pigs, as it happened during the outbreaks of FMDV serotype O in South Korea. Contrastingly, the strain of serotype A affected only ruminants. Based upon these findings, the intention of the work described in the current report was to characterize and compare the infectivity, virulence and transmission of both strains under laboratory conditions in cattle and pigs, by direct inoculation and contact exposure. As expected, FMDV serotype O was highly virulent in both cattle and swine by contact exposure and direct inoculation. Surprisingly, FMDV serotype A was highly virulent in swine, but was less infectious in cattle by contact exposure to infected swine or cattle. Interestingly, similar quantities of aerosolized FMDV RNA were detected during experiments with viruses of serotypes O and A. Specific virus-host interaction of A/SKR/2010 could affect the transmission of this strain to cattle, and this may explain in part the limited spread of the serotype A epizootic.
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang S, Yin S, Shang Y, Wang D, Ma W, He J, Guo J, Cai J, Liu X. Specific detection of foot-and-mouth disease serotype Asia 1 virus by carboxyl-magnetic beads conjugated with single-domain antibody. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:83. [PMID: 26369792 PMCID: PMC4570608 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomagnetic nanobead (IMNB) labeled with specific antibody, has been demonstrated to be useful for the capturing and detection of viruses. RESULTS In this study, we developed an imunomagnetic bead based on carboxyl-magnetic beads (MNB) labeled with a single-domain antibody (sdAb) for capturing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) Asia 1 virus. After magnetic separation, complexes of MNB-sdAb-virus were detected with either a sandwich ELISA or QDs-C5 probe under a fluorescence microscope, and the complexes were used as templates for extraction of total RNA for amplification of the VP1 or 3D gene fragments using RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. The Asia 1 VLPs were efficiently captured through IMNB with a high binding rate of 5.09 μg of antigen/μl of bead suspension. Moreover, this method has been successfully used to capture Asia 1 antigen in synthetic samples. CONCLUSION Ultimately, a specific and highly sensitive capture FMDV Asia 1 tool has been established that has the potential to enhance the sensitivity and reliability when diagnosing FMDV Asia 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Shuanghui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Youjun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Weimin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Jijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Jianhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Jianping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pacheco JM, Brito B, Hartwig E, Smoliga GR, Perez A, Arzt J, Rodriguez LL. Early Detection of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus from Infected Cattle Using A Dry Filter Air Sampling System. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:564-573. [PMID: 26303975 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious livestock disease of high economic impact. Early detection of FMD virus (FMDV) is fundamental for rapid outbreak control. Air sampling collection has been demonstrated as a useful technique for detection of FMDV RNA in infected animals, related to the aerogenous nature of the virus. In the current study, air from rooms housing individual (n = 17) or two groups (n = 4) of cattle experimentally infected with FDMV A24 Cruzeiro of different virulence levels was sampled to assess the feasibility of applying air sampling as a non-invasive, screening tool to identify sources of FMDV infection. Detection of FMDV RNA in air was compared with first detection of clinical signs and FMDV RNA levels in serum and oral fluid. FMDV RNA was detected in room air samples 1-3 days prior (seven animals) or on the same day (four animals) as the appearance of clinical signs in 11 of 12 individually housed cattle. Only in one case clinical signs preceded detection in air samples by one day. Overall, viral RNA in oral fluid or serum preceded detection in air samples by 1-2 days. Six individually housed animals inoculated with attenuated strains did not show clinical signs, but virus was detected in air in one of these cases 3 days prior to first detection in oral fluid. In groups of four cattle housed together, air detection always preceded appearance of clinical signs by 1-2 days and coincided more often with viral shedding in oral fluid than virus in blood. These data confirm that air sampling is an effective non-invasive screening method for detecting FMDV infection in confined to enclosed spaces (e.g. auction barns, milking parlours). This technology could be a useful tool as part of a surveillance strategy during FMD prevention, control or eradication efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Pacheco
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - B Brito
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - E Hartwig
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - G R Smoliga
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - A Perez
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - J Arzt
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - L L Rodriguez
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
de Carvalho Ferreira HC, Pauszek SJ, Ludi A, Huston CL, Pacheco JM, Le VT, Nguyen PT, Bui HH, Nguyen TD, Nguyen T, Nguyen TT, Ngo LT, Do DH, Rodriguez L, Arzt J. An Integrative Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Carriers in Vietnam Achieved Through Targeted Surveillance and Molecular Epidemiology. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:547-563. [PMID: 26301461 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major constraint to transboundary trade in animal products, yet much of its natural ecology and epidemiology in endemic regions is still poorly understood. To address this gap, a multidisciplinary, molecular and conventional epidemiological approach was applied to an investigation of endemic FMD in Vietnam. Within the study space, it was found that 22.3% of sampled ruminants had previously been infected with FMD virus (FMDV), of which 10.8% were persistent, asymptomatic carriers (2.4% of the total population). Descriptive data collected from targeted surveillance and a farm questionnaire showed a significantly lower prevalence of FMDV infection for dairy farms. In contrast, farms of intermediate size and/or history of infection in 2010 were at increased risk of FMD exposure. At the individual animal level, buffalo had the highest exposure risk (over cattle), and there was spatial heterogeneity in exposure risk at the commune level. Conversely, carrier prevalence was higher for beef cattle, suggesting lower susceptibility of buffalo to persistent FMDV infection. To characterize virus strains currently circulating in Vietnam, partial FMDV genomic (VP1) sequences from carrier animals collected between 2012 and 2013 (N = 27) and from FMDV outbreaks between 2009 and 2013 (N = 79) were compared by phylogenetic analysis. Sequence analysis suggested that within the study period, there were two apparent novel introductions of serotype A viruses and that the dominant lineage of serotype O in Vietnam shifted from SEA/Mya-98 to ME-SA/PanAsia. FMDV strains shared close ancestors with FMDV from other South-East Asian countries indicating substantial transboundary movement of the predominant circulating strains. Close genetic relationships were observed between carrier and outbreak viruses, which may suggest that asymptomatic carriers of FMDV contribute to regional disease persistence. Multiple viral sequences obtained from carrier cattle over a 1-year period had considerable within-animal genetic variation, indicating within-host virus evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C de Carvalho Ferreira
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - S J Pauszek
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - A Ludi
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - C L Huston
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - J M Pacheco
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - V T Le
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - P T Nguyen
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - H H Bui
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T D Nguyen
- National Centre for Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T Nguyen
- National Centre for Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T T Nguyen
- Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - L T Ngo
- Regional Animal Health Office No. 6, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - D H Do
- Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - L Rodriguez
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - J Arzt
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Complete Genome Sequence of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus of Serotype A Isolated from Vietnam in 2013. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/4/e00948-15. [PMID: 26294636 PMCID: PMC4543514 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00948-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of a foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) found in an isolate collected in northern Vietnam in 2013 appears to be closely related to a genetic cluster formed with isolates from China, Mongolia, and Russia in 2013. All of these are classified to fall within the Sea-97 lineage, for which little complete genome data are available.
Collapse
|
40
|
Park JH, Lee KN, Kim SM, Lee HS, Ko YJ, Tark DS, Shin YK, Seo MG, Kim B. Reemergence of foot-and-mouth disease, South Korea, 2000-2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:2158-61. [PMID: 25417549 PMCID: PMC4257801 DOI: 10.3201/eid2012.130518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Five outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease have occurred in South Korea during 2000–2011. Macro-analysis of these outbreaks showed a correlation with outbreaks in countries in eastern Asia. Genetic analyses of food-and-mouth disease viruses in South Korea showed a correlation with viruses that are prevalent in neighboring countries.
Collapse
|
41
|
Brito BP, Rodriguez LL, Hammond JM, Pinto J, Perez AM. Review of the Global Distribution of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from 2007 to 2014. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:316-332. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Brito
- Agricultural Research Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Plum Island Animal Disease Center; Greenport NY USA
| | - L. L. Rodriguez
- Agricultural Research Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Plum Island Animal Disease Center; Greenport NY USA
| | - J. M. Hammond
- Centre for Animal & Plant Biosecurity; NSW Department of Primary Industries; Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute; Menangle NSW Australia
| | - J. Pinto
- Animal Health Service; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); Rome Italy
| | - A. M. Perez
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; Saint Paul MN USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Efficacy of a high potency O1 Manisa monovalent vaccine against heterologous challenge with a FMDV O Mya98 lineage virus in pigs 4 and 7 days post vaccination. Vaccine 2015; 33:2778-85. [PMID: 25917677 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Early protection with a high potency (>6PD50) foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) O1 Manisa (Middle-East South Asia lineage) vaccine against challenge with O/VIT/2010 (O Mya98 lineage) was tested in pigs. Only two pigs that were vaccinated seven days prior to challenge had any demonstrable antibodies as a result of vaccination at the time of challenge. However, 80% and 60% of pigs that were vaccinated seven and four days prior to coronary band challenge were protected. Vaccination significantly reduced the amount of virus excreted in nasal swabs, saliva and faeces compared to unvaccinated and infected controls. Virus and viral RNA could be detected in some pigs until termination of the experiment 14 days after challenge. Antibodies to the non-structural proteins (NSP) were detected in only one pig that was challenged four days post vaccination (dpv) and transiently in two pigs that were challenged sevendpv at only one time point. For each vaccine and control group, a group of unvaccinated pigs were kept in the same room but with no direct contact with the infected pigs to determine whether vaccination prevented transmission. Despite the presence of live virus and viral RNA in these indirect contact pigs, the groups in contact with the vaccinated and infected pigs did not develop clinical signs nor did they sero-convert. Contact pigs in the same room as unvaccinated challenged controls did show signs of disease and virus infection that resulted in sero-conversion to the NSP. A breach of the wall that separated the two groups at nine days post challenge might have contributed to this finding. This study showed that high potency vaccine can provide protection to pigs soon after vaccination and that aerosol transmission within rooms is a rare event.
Collapse
|
43
|
Saeed A, Kanwal S, Arshad M, Ali M, Shaikh RS, Abubakar M. Foot-and-mouth disease: overview of motives of disease spread and efficacy of available vaccines. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 57:10. [PMID: 26290730 PMCID: PMC4540294 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-015-0042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Control and prevention of foot and mouth disease (FMD) by vaccination remains unsatisfactory in endemic countries. Indeed, consistent and new FMD epidemics in previously disease-free countries have precipitated the need for a worldwide control strategy. Outbreaks in vaccinated animals require that a new and safe vaccine be developed against foot and mouth virus (FMDV). FMDV can be eradicated worldwide based on previous scientific information about its spread using existing and modern control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saeed
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Kanwal
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Memoona Arshad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Instituteof Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya, University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim RH, Chu JQ, Park JN, Lee SY, Lee YJ, Ko MK, Hwang JH, Lee KN, Kim SM, Tark D, Ko YJ, Lee HS, Seo MG, Park ME, Kim B, Park JH. Antigenic properties and virulence of foot-and-mouth disease virus rescued from full-length cDNA clone of serotype O, typical vaccine strain. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2015; 4:114-8. [PMID: 25648340 PMCID: PMC4313104 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2015.4.1.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We cloned the full-length cDNA of O Manisa, the virus for vaccinating against foot-and-mouth disease. The antigenic properties of the virus recovered from the cDNA were similar to those of the parental virus. Pathogenesis did not appear in the pigs, dairy goats or suckling mice, but neutralizing antibodies were raised 5-6 days after the virus challenge. The utilization of O Manisa as a safe vaccine strain will increase if recombinant viruses can be manipulated by inserting or removing a marker gene for differential serology or replacing the protective gene from another serotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia-Qi Chu
- Clinical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | | | - Seo-Yong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yeo-Joo Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | | | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Min-Goo Seo
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Min-Eun Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Horsington J, Zhang Z, Bittner H, Hole K, Singanallur NB, Alexandersen S, Vosloo W. Early protection in sheep against intratypic heterologous challenge with serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus using high-potency, emergency vaccine. Vaccine 2015; 33:422-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
46
|
Lee SY, Park ME, Kim RH, Ko MK, Lee KN, Kim SM, Shim HS, Kim B, Lee JS, Park JH. Genetic and immunologic relationships between vaccine and field strains for vaccine selection of type A foot-and-mouth disease virus circulating in East Asia. Vaccine 2014; 33:664-9. [PMID: 25528521 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Of the seven known serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), type A has the most diverse variations. Genetic variations also occur frequently at VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4 because these proteins constitute the viral capsid. The structural proteins of FMDV, which are closely related to immunologic correlations, are the most easily analyzed because they have highly accessible information. In this study we analyzed the type A vaccine viruses by alignment of available sequences in order to find appropriate vaccine strains. The matching rate of ASIA topotype-specific sites (20 amino acids) located on the viral surface, which are mainly VP1 and VP2, was highly related to immunologic reactivity. Among the available vaccines analyzed in this study, we suggest that A Malaysia 97 could be used as a vaccine virus as it has the highest genetic similarity and immunologic aspects to field strains originating in East Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea; Veterinary College, Chungnam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Eun Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea; Veterinary College, Chungnam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae-Hyung Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Nyeong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Sub Shim
- Gyeonggi Province Veterinary Service Center, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 456-823, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Veterinary College, Chungnam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city, Gyeonggido, 430-757, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Young JR, Suon S, Rast L, Nampanya S, Windsor PA, Bush RD. Benefit-Cost Analysis of Foot and Mouth Disease Control in Large Ruminants in Cambodia. Transbound Emerg Dis 2014; 63:508-22. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. R. Young
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; Camden NSW Australia
| | - S. Suon
- Department of Animal Health and Production; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Phnom Penh Cambodia
| | - L. Rast
- Charles Sturt University; Wagga Wagga NSW Australia
| | - S. Nampanya
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; Camden NSW Australia
| | - P. A. Windsor
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; Camden NSW Australia
| | - R. D. Bush
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; Camden NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dose-dependent responses of pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus O/JPN/2010 by the intranasal and intraoral routes. Arch Virol 2014; 160:129-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
49
|
Lin YL, Chang CY, Pan CH, Deng MC, Tsai HJ, Lee F. First finding of Southeast Asia topotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus in Kinmen, Taiwan, in the 2012 outbreak. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:1479-85. [PMID: 25056674 PMCID: PMC4272980 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus, a member of genus Aphthovirus within the family Picornaviridae, affects cloven-hoofed animals, causing foot-and-mouth disease characterized by vesicle development. The Southeast Asia topotype, one of the topotypes within serotype O of the virus, is prevalent in some Asian countries, but had not previously been found in Taiwan. The topotype was first found in pigs in Kinmen Island, Taiwan, in 2012 and identified by nucleotide sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Outbreaks were reported at 4 farms, resulting in the culling of 628 pigs and 1 cattle. Pigs were the only species infected during the outbreak. The incursion of Southeast Asia topotype into Taiwan implies the expansion of the topotype in East Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeou-Liang Lin
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Experimental infection of cattle and goats with a foot-and-mouth disease virus isolate from the 2010 epidemic in Japan. Arch Virol 2014; 159:2901-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|