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Zheng L, Gao Q, Yu S, Chen Y, Shi Y, Sun M, Liu Y, Wang Z, Li X. Using empirical dynamic modeling to identify the impact of meteorological factors on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Weifang, Northeastern China, from 2011 to 2020. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012151. [PMID: 38843297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) continues to pose a significant public health threat to the well-being of the population. Given that the spread of HFRS is susceptible to meteorological factors, we aim to probe into the meteorological drivers of HFRS. Thus, novel techniques that can discern time-delayed non-linear relationships from nonlinear dynamical systems are compulsory. METHODS We analyze the epidemiological features of HFRS in Weifang City, 2011-2020, via the employment of the Empirical Dynamic Modeling (EDM) method. Our analysis delves into the intricate web of time-delayed non-linear associations between meteorological factors and HFRS. Additionally, we investigate the repercussions of minor perturbations in meteorological variables on future HFRS incidence. RESULTS A total of 2515 HFRS cases were reported in Weifang from 2011 to 2020. The number of cases per week was 4.81, and the average weekly incidence was 0.52 per 1,000,000. The propagation of HFRS is significantly impacted by the mean weekly temperature, relative humidity, cumulative rainfall, and wind speed, and the ρCCM converges to 0.55,0.48,0.38 and 0.39, respectively. The graphical representation of the relationship between temperature (lagged by 2 weeks) and the incidence of HFRS exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve, whereby the incidence of HFRS culminates as the temperature reaches 10 °C. Moreover, temperature, relative humidity, cumulative rainfall, and wind speed exhibit a positive correlation with HFRS incidence, with a time lag of 4-6 months. CONCLUSIONS Our discoveries suggest that meteorological factors can drive the transmission of HFRS both at a macroscopic and microscopic scale. Prospective alterations in meteorological conditions, for instance, elevations in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation will instigate an upsurge in the incidence of HFRS after 4-6 months, and thus, timely public health measures should be taken to mitigate these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yijin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minghao Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Noack D, van den Hout MCGN, Embregts CWE, van IJcken WFJ, Koopmans MPG, Rockx B. Species-specific responses during Seoul orthohantavirus infection in human and rat lung microvascular endothelial cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012074. [PMID: 38536871 PMCID: PMC11020687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) is a rat-borne zoonotic virus that is transmitted via inhalation of aerosolized infectious excreta, and can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans worldwide. In rats, SEOV predominantly exists as a persistent infection in the absence of overt clinical signs. Lack of disease in rats is attributed to downregulation of pro-inflammatory and upregulation of regulatory host responses. As lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMECs) represent a primary target of infection in both human and rats, infections in these cells provide a unique opportunity to study the central role of LMECs in the dichotomy between pathogenicity in both species. In this study, host responses to SEOV infection in primary human and rat LMECs were directly compared on a transcriptional level. As infection of rat LMECs was more efficient than human LMECs, the majority of anti-viral defense responses were observed earlier in rat LMECs. Most prominently, SEOV-induced processes in both species included responses to cytokine stimulus, negative regulation of innate immune responses, responses to type I and II interferons, regulation of pattern recognition receptor signaling and MHC-I signaling. However, over time, in the rat LMECs, responses shifted from an anti-viral state towards a more immunotolerant state displayed by a PD-L1, B2M-, JAK2-focused interaction network aiding in negative regulation of cytotoxic CD8-positive T cell activation. This suggests a novel mechanism by which species-specific orthohantavirus-induced endothelium and T cell crosstalk may play a crucial role in the development of acute disease in humans and persistence in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Noack
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam C. G. N. van den Hout
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen W. E. Embregts
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F. J. van IJcken
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion P. G. Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Demirev AV, Lee S, Park S, Kim H, Cho S, Lee K, Kim K, Song JW, Park MS, Kim JI. Exploring the Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evolution of Seoul and Hantaan Orthohantaviruses. Viruses 2024; 16:105. [PMID: 38257805 PMCID: PMC10818986 DOI: 10.3390/v16010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Seoul (SEOV) and Hantaan (HTNV) orthohantaviruses are significant zoonotic pathogens responsible for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Here, we investigated the molecular evolution of SEOV and HTNV through phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses using complete genome sequences of their large (L), medium (M), and small (S) gene segments. Despite similar epizootic cycles and clinical symptoms, SEOV and HTNV exhibited distinct genetic and evolutionary dynamics. The phylogenetic trees of each segment consistently showed major genetic clades associated with the geographical distribution of both viruses. Remarkably, SEOV M and S segments exhibit higher evolutionary rates, rapidly increasing genetic diversity, and a more recent origin in contrast to HTNV. Reassortment events were infrequent, but both viruses appear to utilize the M gene segment in genetic exchanges. SEOV favors the L or M segment reassortment, while HTNV prefers the M or S segment exchange. Purifying selection dominates in all three gene segments of both viruses, yet SEOV experiences an elevated positive selection in its glycoprotein Gc ectodomain. Key amino acid differences, including a positive 'lysine fence' (through residues K77, K82, K231, K307, and K310) located at the tip of the Gn, alongside the physical stability around an RGD-like motif through M108-F334 interaction, may contribute to the unique antigenic properties of SEOV. With the increasing global dispersion and potential implications of SEOV for the global public health landscape, this study highlights the unique evolutionary dynamics and antigenic properties of SEOV and HTNV in informing vaccine design and public health preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas V. Demirev
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Sangyi Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Sejik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Hyunbeen Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Seunghye Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Kyuyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Kisoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea (S.L.); (S.P.); (H.K.); (S.C.); (K.L.); (K.K.); (J.-W.S.)
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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4
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Hofmann J, Ulrich RG, Mehl C, Drewes S, Esser J, Loyen M, Zeichhardt H, Schoppmeyer K, Essen L, Güthoff W, Krüger DH. Hantavirus Disease Cluster Caused by Seoul Virus, Germany. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:133-135. [PMID: 38147030 PMCID: PMC10756357 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.230855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A cluster of 3 persons in Germany experienced hantavirus disease with renal insufficiency. Reverse transcription PCR-based genotyping revealed infection by Seoul hantavirus transmitted from pet rats. Seoul virus could be responsible for disease clusters in Europe, and infected pet rats should be considered a health threat.
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Shrivastava-Ranjan P, Jain S, Chatterjee P, Montgomery JM, Flint M, Albariño C, Spiropoulou CF. Development of a novel minigenome and recombinant VSV expressing Seoul hantavirus glycoprotein-based assays to identify anti-hantavirus therapeutics. Antiviral Res 2023; 214:105619. [PMID: 37142192 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Seoul virus (SEOV) is an emerging global health threat that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which results in case fatality rates of ∼2%. There are no approved treatments for SEOV infections. We developed a cell-based assay system to identify potential antiviral compounds for SEOV and generated additional assays to characterize the mode of action of any promising antivirals. To test if candidate antivirals targeted SEOV glycoprotein-mediated entry, we developed a recombinant reporter vesicular stomatitis virus expressing SEOV glycoproteins. To facilitate the identification of candidate antiviral compounds targeting viral transcription/replication, we successfully generated the first reported minigenome system for SEOV. This SEOV minigenome (SEOV-MG) screening assay will also serve as a prototype assay for discovery of small molecules inhibiting replication of other hantaviruses, including Andes and Sin Nombre viruses. Ours is a proof-of-concept study in which we tested several compounds previously reported to have activity against other negative-strand RNA viruses using our newly developed hantavirus antiviral screening systems. These systems can be used under lower biocontainment conditions than those needed for infectious viruses, and identified several compounds with robust anti-SEOV activity. Our findings have important implications for the development of anti-hantavirus therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punya Shrivastava-Ranjan
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Shilpi Jain
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Payel Chatterjee
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joel M Montgomery
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mike Flint
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - César Albariño
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christina F Spiropoulou
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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6
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Pet Rats as the Likely Reservoir for Human Seoul Orthohantavirus Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020467. [PMID: 36851681 PMCID: PMC9962845 DOI: 10.3390/v15020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) is a rat-associated zoonotic pathogen with an almost worldwide distribution. In 2019, the first autochthonous human case of SEOV-induced hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was reported in Germany, and a pet rat was identified as the source of the zoonotic infection. To further investigate the SEOV reservoir, additional rats from the patient and another owner, all of which were purchased from the same vendor, were tested. SEOV RNA and anti-SEOV antibodies were found in both of the patient's rats and in two of the three rats belonging to the other owner. The complete coding sequences of the small (S), medium (M), and large (L) segments obtained from one rat per owner exhibited a high sequence similarity to SEOV strains of breeder rat or human origin from the Netherlands, France, the USA, and Great Britain. Serological screening of 490 rats from breeding facilities and 563 wild rats from Germany (2007-2020) as well as 594 wild rats from the Netherlands (2013-2021) revealed 1 and 6 seropositive individuals, respectively. However, SEOV RNA was not detected in any of these animals. Increased surveillance of pet, breeder, and wild rats is needed to identify the origin of the SEOV strain in Europe and to develop measures to prevent transmission to the human population.
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7
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Castel G, Filippone C, Tatard C, Vigan J, Dobigny G. Role of Seaports and Imported Rats in Seoul Hantavirus Circulation, Africa. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:20-25. [PMID: 36573519 PMCID: PMC9796207 DOI: 10.3201/eid2901.221092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) is not considered a major public health threat on the continent of Africa. However, Africa is exposed to rodentborne SEOV introduction events through maritime traffic after exponential growth of trade with the rest of the world. Serologic studies have already detected hantavirus antibodies in human populations, and recent investigations have confirmed circulation of hantavirus, including SEOV, in rat populations. Thus, SEOV is a possible emerging zoonotic risk in Africa. Moreover, the range of SEOV could rapidly expand, and transmission to humans could increase because of host switching from the usual brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) species, which is currently invading Africa, to the more widely installed black rat (R. rattus) species. Because of rapid economic development, environmental and climatic changes, and increased international trade, strengthened surveillance is urgently needed to prevent SEOV dissemination among humans in Africa.
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Ren D, Fu S, Yan T, Ni T, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Zhou J, Yang N, Yang Y, He Y, Chen T, Zhao Y, Liu J. The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome in Pregnancy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:839224. [PMID: 35265645 PMCID: PMC8899103 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.839224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) are a significant challenge for clinicians. The clinical characteristics of HFRS in pregnant women and its influence on both the pregnant women and fetus have yet to be clarified clearly. To highlight the specific clinical features of HFRS in pregnant women and the outcomes of pregnant women with HFRS and their fetuses, we screened pregnant women with HFRS from inception to May 1st 2021. We also conducted a comparison with non-pregnant women complicated with HFRS. Twenty-seven pregnant women and 87 non-pregnant women with complete electronic medical records were enrolled for final analyses; 55.6% (15/27) and 21.8% (19/87) were diagnosed as critical type in pregnant women and non-pregnant women, respectively. Compared with non-pregnant patients, there was a significantly higher likelihood of critical status in pregnant patients; the risk was significantly higher in late trimester (p <0.001). In addition, hypoalbuminemia and anemia were also evident in pregnant patients (p = 0.04, p <0.001, respectively). Leukocyte count, especially when higher than 15 × 109/L, was significantly correlated with disease severity (p = 0.009). After comprehensive therapy, 26 pregnant patients recovered without sequelae. Five fetal adverse events were reported during hospitalization. All adverse events were observed in mothers with critical types (p = 0.047, X2 = 4.909) and occurred in the later trimester. Collectively, our data show that pregnant woman with HFRS during the third trimester presents a more severe condition, especially those with leukocytosis. However, the majority of those pregnant patients could recover with comprehensive treatment and undergo normal labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Taotao Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianzhi Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingli He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingren Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
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9
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Koehler FC, Di Cristanziano V, Späth MR, Hoyer-Allo KJR, Wanken M, Müller RU, Burst V. OUP accepted manuscript. Clin Kidney J 2022; 15:1231-1252. [PMID: 35756741 PMCID: PMC9217627 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus-induced diseases are emerging zoonoses with endemic appearances and frequent outbreaks in different parts of the world. In humans, hantaviral pathology is characterized by the disruption of the endothelial cell barrier followed by increased capillary permeability, thrombocytopenia due to platelet activation/depletion and an overactive immune response. Genetic vulnerability due to certain human leukocyte antigen haplotypes is associated with disease severity. Typically, two different hantavirus-caused clinical syndromes have been reported: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The primarily affected vascular beds differ in these two entities: renal medullary capillaries in HFRS caused by Old World hantaviruses and pulmonary capillaries in HCPS caused by New World hantaviruses. Disease severity in HFRS ranges from mild, e.g. Puumala virus-associated nephropathia epidemica, to moderate, e.g. Hantaan or Dobrava virus infections. HCPS leads to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with high mortality rates. Due to novel insights into organ tropism, hantavirus-associated pathophysiology and overlapping clinical features, HFRS and HCPS are believed to be interconnected syndromes frequently involving the kidneys. As there are no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines approved in Europe or the USA, only preventive measures and public awareness may minimize the risk of hantavirus infection. Treatment remains primarily supportive and, depending on disease severity, more invasive measures (e.g., renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix C Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Johanna R Hoyer-Allo
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Wanken
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Zhang Y, Ma R, Wang Y, Sun W, Yang Z, Han M, Han T, Wu XA, Liu R. Viruses Run: The Evasion Mechanisms of the Antiviral Innate Immunity by Hantavirus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:759198. [PMID: 34659193 PMCID: PMC8516094 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.759198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in America, with high mortality and unknown mechanisms. Innate immunity is the host's first-line defense to bridge the acquired immunity against viral infections. However, hantavirus has evolved various strategies in both molecular and cellular aspects to evade the host's natural immune surveillance. The Interferon-I (IFN-I) signaling pathway, a central link of host defense, induces various antiviral proteins to control the infection. This paper summarizes the molecular mechanisms of hantavirus evasion mechanisms of the IFN signaling pathway and cellular processes such as regulated cell death and cell stress. Besides, hantavirus could also evade immune surveillance evasion through cellular mechanisms, such as upregulating immune checkpoint molecules interfering with viral infections. Understanding hantavirus's antiviral immune evasion mechanisms will deepen our understanding of its pathogenesis and help us develop more effective methods to control and eliminate hantavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Ziwei Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Mingwei Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Tixin Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Xing-an Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an, China
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López R, Espinoza M, Graf J, Mertz G, Ferrés M, Calvo M, Vial C, Vial PA. Proteinuria in Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome: A Frequent Finding Linked To Mortality. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 110:466-468. [PMID: 34271201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the relative frequency and prognosis value of proteinuria in hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) due to Andes virus. METHODS This observational analytical study prospectively obtained data from patients admitted to 12 health centers in nine Chilean cities between 2001 and 2018. Only patients with confirmed Andes virus HCPS and laboratory characterization that included qualitative proteinuria determination at admission were considered. RESULTS The database involved 175 patients, 95 of them had a measurement of urine protein at the time of hospital admission. They were mainly male (71%) and the median age was 35 [22-47] years. Median duration of the febrile prodromal time was 5 [4-7] days. Hospital length of stay and hospital mortality rate were 10 [7-14] days and 21.1%, respectively. Seventy-three patients (77%) were identified with proteinuria at admission, which was associated with increased mortality rate (26% versus 5%, p=0.036) and the relative risk was 1.3 [1.1-1.6], p=0.002. CONCLUSIONS Proteinuria is a frequent finding in patients with HCPS, which is associated with a higher mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- René López
- Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Espinoza
- Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jerónimo Graf
- Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gregory Mertz
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Marcela Ferrés
- Departamento Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Laboratorio Infectología y Virología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Calvo
- Instituto de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Cecilia Vial
- Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A Vial
- Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Pediatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
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12
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Epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Tai'an area. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11596. [PMID: 34226582 PMCID: PMC8257732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), a serious threat to human health, is mainly transmitted by rodents in Eurasia. The risk of disease differs according to sex, age, and occupation. Further, temperature and rainfall have some lagging effects on the occurrence of the disease. The quantitative data for these factors in the Tai'an region of China are still unknown. We used a forest map to calculate the risk of HFRS in different populations and used four different mathematical models to explain the relationship between time factors, meteorological factors, and the disease. The results showed that compared with the whole population, the relative risk in rural medical staff and farmers was 5.05 and 2.00, respectively (p < 0.05). Joinpoint models showed that the number of cases decreased by 33.32% per year from 2005 to 2008 (p < 0.05). The generalized additive model showed that air temperature was positively correlated with disease risk from January to June, and that relative humidity was negatively correlated with risk from July to December. From January to June, with an increase in temperature, after 15 lags, the cumulative risk of disease increased at low temperatures. From July to December, the cumulative risk decreased with an increase in the relative humidity. Rural medical staff, farmers, men, and middle-aged individuals were at a high risk of HFRS. Moreover, air temperature and relative humidity are important factors that affect disease occurrence. These associations show lagged and differing effects according to the season.
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13
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Douglas KO, Samuels TA, Iheozor-Ejiofor R, Vapalahti O, Sironen T, Gittens-St. Hilaire M. Serological Evidence of Human Orthohantavirus Infections in Barbados, 2008 to 2016. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050571. [PMID: 34066699 PMCID: PMC8151097 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is well-known in South and North America; however, not enough data exist for the Caribbean. The first report of clinical orthohantavirus infection was obtained in Barbados, but no other evidence of clinical orthohantavirus infections among adults in the Caribbean has been documented. Methods: Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests followed by confirmatory testing with immunofluorescent assays (IFA), immunochromatographic (ICG) tests, and pseudotype focus reduction neutralization tests (pFRNT), we retrospectively and prospectively detected orthohantavirus-specific antibodies among patients with febrile illness in Barbados. Results: The orthohantavirus prevalence rate varied from 5.8 to 102.6 cases per 100,000 persons among febrile patients who sought medical attention annually between 2008 and 2016. Two major orthohantavirus epidemics occurred in Barbados during 2010 and 2016. Peak orthohantavis infections were observed observed during the rainy season (August) and prevalence rates were significantly higher in females than males and in patients from urban parishes than rural parishes. Conclusions: Orthohantavirus infections are still occurring in Barbados and in some patients along with multiple pathogen infections (CHIKV, ZIKV, DENV and Leptospira). Orthohantavirus infections are more prevalent during periods of high rainfall (rainy season) with peak transmission in August; females are more likely to be infected than males and infections are more likely among patients from urban rather than rural parishes in Barbados.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Osmond Douglas
- Centre for Biosecurity Studies, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, St. Michael BB11000, Barbados
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(246)-417-7468
| | - Thelma Alafia Samuels
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research (CAIHR), The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Rommel Iheozor-Ejiofor
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (R.I.-E.); (O.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (R.I.-E.); (O.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (R.I.-E.); (O.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Marquita Gittens-St. Hilaire
- Best-dos Santos Public Health Laboratory, Enmore #6, Lower Collymore Rock, St. Michael BB11155, Barbados;
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, St. Michael BB11000, Barbados
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14
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Martynova E, Davidyuk Y, Kabwe E, Garanina EE, Shakirova V, Pavelkina V, Uskova Y, Stott RJ, Foster TL, Markelova M, Goyal M, Gupta A, Bhola M, Kumar V, Baranwal M, Rizvanov AA, Khaiboullina SF. Cytokine, Chemokine, and Metalloprotease Activation in the Serum of Patients with Nephropathia Epidemica from the Republic of Tatarstan and the Republic of Mordovia, Russia. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050527. [PMID: 33925451 PMCID: PMC8145562 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephropathia Epidemica (NE), endemic to several Volga regions of Russia, including the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) and the Republic of Mordovia (RM), is a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by infection with rodent-borne orthohantaviruses. Although NE cases have been reported for decades, little is known about the hantavirus strains associated with human infection in these regions. There is also limited understanding of the pathogenesis of NE in the RT and the RM. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted comparative analyses of patients with NE in the RT and the RM. Clinical symptoms were more severe in patients with NE from the RM with longer observed duration of fever symptoms and hospitalization. Analysis of patient sera showed changes in the levels of numerous cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in patients with NE from both the RT and the RM, suggesting leukocyte activation, extracellular matrix degradation, and leukocyte chemotaxis. Interestingly, levels of several cytokines were distinctly different between patients NE from the RT when compared with those from the RM. These differences were not related to the genetic variation of orthohantaviruses circulating in those regions, as sequence analysis showed that Puumala virus (PUUV) was the causative agent of NE in these regions. Additionally, only the “Russia” (RUS) genetic lineage of PUUV was detected in the serum samples of patients with NE from both the RT and the RM. We therefore conclude that differences in serum cytokine, chemokine, and MMP levels between the RT and the RM are related to environmental factors and lifestyle differences that influence individual immune responses to orthohantavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Ekaterina E. Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Venera Shakirova
- Infectious Diseases Department, Kazan State Medical Academy, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Vera Pavelkina
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (V.P.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yulia Uskova
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (V.P.); (Y.U.)
| | - Robert J. Stott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Toshana L. Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Maria Markelova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Mehendi Goyal
- Doconvid.ai, Bestech Business Tower, Mohali 160055, India;
| | - Abhimat Gupta
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India;
| | - Mannan Bhola
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India;
| | - Manoj Baranwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
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15
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Cuperus T, de Vries A, Hoornweg TE, Fonville M, Jaarsma RI, Opsteegh M, Maas M. Seoul Virus in Pet and Feeder Rats in The Netherlands. Viruses 2021; 13:443. [PMID: 33801789 PMCID: PMC8002128 DOI: 10.3390/v13030443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seoul virus (SEOV) is a zoonotic orthohantavirus carried by rats. In humans, SEOV can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Recent human SEOV cases described in the USA, United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands were associated with contact with pet or feeder rats. The prevalence of SEOV in these types of rats is unknown. We collected 175 pet and feeder rats (Rattus norvegicus) from private owners, ratteries and commercial breeders/traders in the Netherlands. Lung tissue of the rats was tested using a SEOV real-time RT-qPCR and heart fluid was tested for the presence of antibodies against SEOV. In all three investigated groups, RT-qPCR-positive rats were found: in 1/29 rats from private owners (3.6%), 2/56 rats from ratteries (3.4%) and 11/90 rats from commercial breeders (12.2%). The seroprevalence was largely similar to the prevalence calculated from RT-qPCR-positive rats. The SEOV sequences found were highly similar to sequences previously found in domesticated rats in Europe. In conclusion, SEOV is spread throughout different populations of domesticated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miriam Maas
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Postbus 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; (T.C.); (A.d.V.); (T.E.H.); (M.F.); (R.I.J.); (M.O.)
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16
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Knust B, Brown S, de St Maurice A, Whitmer S, Koske SE, Ervin E, Patel K, Graziano J, Morales-Betoulle ME, House J, Cannon D, Kerins J, Holzbauer S, Austin C, Gibbons-Burgener S, Colton L, Dunn J, Zufan S, Choi MJ, Davis WR, Chiang CF, Manning CR, Roesch L, Shoemaker T, Purpura L, McQuiston J, Peterson D, Radcliffe R, Garvey A, Christel E, Morgan L, Scheftel J, Kazmierczak J, Klena JD, Nichol ST, Rollin PE. Seoul Virus Infection and Spread in United States Home-Based Ratteries: Rat and Human Testing Results From a Multistate Outbreak Investigation. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:1311-1319. [PMID: 32484879 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During 2017, a multistate outbreak investigation occurred after the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. METHODS In addition to immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM serology and traditional reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed. RESULTS Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; 7 reported symptoms and 3 were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with ≥10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2%-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0%-70%. Human laboratory-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (P = .03 and P = .006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities. CONCLUSIONS Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Knust
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shelley Brown
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Shannon Whitmer
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah E Koske
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ervin
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James Graziano
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jennifer House
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Deborah Cannon
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Janna Kerins
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Connie Austin
- Illinois Department of Public Health, Springfield, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Leah Colton
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - John Dunn
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sara Zufan
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary Joung Choi
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - William R Davis
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheng-Feng Chiang
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Craig R Manning
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Linda Roesch
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Trevor Shoemaker
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lawrence Purpura
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer McQuiston
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Rachel Radcliffe
- South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ann Garvey
- South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Laura Morgan
- Manitowoc County Health Department, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joni Scheftel
- Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - John D Klena
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stuart T Nichol
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Pierre E Rollin
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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17
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Shepherd JG, Blunsum AE, Carmichael S, Smollett K, Maxwell-Scott H, Farmer ECW, Osborne J, MacLean A, Ashraf S, Shah R, Gunson R, da Silva Filipe A, Aarons EJ, Thomson EC. Seoul Virus Associated with Pet Rats, Scotland, UK, 2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:2677-2680. [PMID: 34545785 PMCID: PMC8462346 DOI: 10.3201/eid2710.211298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by Seoul virus in a woman in Scotland, UK. Whole-genome sequencing showed the virus belonged to a lineage characterized by recent international expansion, probably driven by trade in pet rats.
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18
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Meeting report: Eleventh International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2020; 176:104733. [PMID: 32068071 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 11th International Conference on Hantaviruses (ICH 2019) was organized by the International Society for Hantaviruses (ISH), and held on September 1-4, 2019, at the Irish College, in Leuven, Belgium. These ICHs have been held every three years since 1989. ICH 2019 was attended by 158 participants from 33 countries. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology; pathogenesis and immune responses; virus phylogeny, replication and morphogenesis; epidemiology; vaccines, therapeutics and prevention; and clinical aspects and diagnosis.
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19
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Sulleiro E, Aznar ML, Serre-Delcor N, Salvador F, Sanchez-Montalvá A, Espasa M, Molina D, de Ory F, Sanchez-Seco MP, Molina I, Diaz-Lagares C, Martinez MJ, Pumarola T, Oliveira I. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Traveler Returning from Nepal to Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26:150-153. [PMID: 31674901 PMCID: PMC6924883 DOI: 10.3201/eid2601.181685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human hantavirus infections occur in Asia, but some cases have been described in Europe in travelers returning from Asia. We describe a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in a previously healthy traveler occurring shortly after he returned to Spain from Nepal. Serologic tests suggested a Puumala virus–like infection.
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20
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Li Y, Cazelles B, Yang G, Laine M, Huang ZXY, Cai J, Tan H, Stenseth NC, Tian H. Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of transmission dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by Seoul hantavirus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007757. [PMID: 31545808 PMCID: PMC6776365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seoul hantavirus (SEOV) has recently raised concern by causing geographic range expansion of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). SEOV infections in humans are significantly underestimated worldwide and epidemic dynamics of SEOV-related HFRS are poorly understood because of a lack of field data and empirically validated models. Here, we use mathematical models to examine both intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of disease transmission from animal (the Norway rat) to humans in a SEOV-endemic area in China. We found that rat eradication schemes and vaccination campaigns, but below the local elimination threshold, could diminish the amplitude of the HFRS epidemic but did not modify its seasonality. Models demonstrate population dynamics of the rodent host were insensitive to climate variations in urban settings, while relative humidity had a negative effect on the seasonality in transmission. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the epidemiology of SEOV-related HFRS, demonstrates asynchronies between rodent population dynamics and transmission rate, and identifies potential drivers of the SEOV seasonality. Seoul hantavirus (SEOV) infections are common in Europe and Asia where a considerably high seroprevalence among the population is found. However, only relatively few hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases are reported. Comprehensive epidemiological data is necessary to study the patterns and drivers of this underestimated disease. Here, we analyzed rodent host surveillance and seroprevalence data from 1998 to 2015 for disease outbreaks in Huludao City, one of the typical SEOV-endemic areas for HFRS in China. Our mathematical models quantified the drivers on HFRS transmission and estimated the epidemiological parameters. Our study provides an understanding of its ecological process between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, human-rodent interface and disease dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bernard Cazelles
- IBENS, UMR 8197 CNRS-ENS Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
- International Center for Mathematical and Computational Modeling of Complex Systems (UMMISCO), IRD-Sorbonne Université, Bondy, France
| | - Guoqing Yang
- Huludao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huludao, Liaoning, China
| | - Marko Laine
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jun Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Tan
- School of Biomedical Informatics, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nils Chr. Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (NCS); (HT)
| | - Huaiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (NCS); (HT)
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21
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Shastri B, Kofman A, Hennenfent A, Klena JD, Nicol S, Graziano JC, Morales-Betoulle M, Cannon D, Maradiaga A, Tran A, Ramdeen SK. Domestically Acquired Seoul Virus Causing Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-Washington, DC, 2018. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz404. [PMID: 31660366 PMCID: PMC6790396 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) infections, uncommonly reported in the United States, often result in mild illness. We report a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to SEOV infection that was domestically acquired in Washington, DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Shastri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medstar Washington Hospital Center Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aaron Kofman
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew Hennenfent
- Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, DC Department of Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John D Klena
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stuart Nicol
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James C Graziano
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maria Morales-Betoulle
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deborah Cannon
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Agueda Maradiaga
- Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, DC Department of Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anthony Tran
- Public Health Laboratory, DC Department of Forensic Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheena K Ramdeen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medstar Washington Hospital Center Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Liu S, Wei Y, Han X, Cai Y, Han Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Qi S, Li Q. Long-term retrospective observation reveals stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in Hebei, China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:765. [PMID: 31477045 PMCID: PMC6721381 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging zoonotic infectious disease caused by hantaviruses which circulate worldwide. So far, it was still considered as one of serious public health problems in China. The present study aimed to reveal the stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in Hebei province located in North China through a long-term retrospective observation. METHODS The epidemiological data of HFRS cases from all 11 cities of Hebei province since 1981 through 2016 were collected and descriptively analyzed. The rodent densities, species compositions and virus-carrying rates of different regions were collected from six separated rodent surveillance points which set up since 2007. The molecular diversity and phylogenetic relationship of hantaviruses circulating among rodents were analyzed based on partial viral glycoprotein gene. RESULTS HFRS cases have been reported every year in Hebei province, since the first local case was identified in 1981. The epidemic history can be artificially divided into three phases and a total of 55,507 HFRS cases with 374 deaths were reported during 1981-2016. The gender and occupational factors of susceptible population were invarible throughout, however age of that was gradually aging. The annual outbreak peak always present in spring, while the main epidemic region had gradully altered from south to northeast. Surveillance of rodents revealed that residential rodents significantly possessed higher density and virus-carring rate than field rodents. The house rat, Rattus norvegicus, was the dominant rodent species and Seoul virus S3 sub-genotype which is continued but slightly evolving perhaps to be the sole pathogen for local HFRS cases of Hebei province. CONCLUSIONS This long-term province-wide surveillance and epidemiological analysis has revealed the stabilities and variations of hantavirus infection in North China. In order to improve current prevention and control strategies of HFRS in China, all surveillance should be continuously enhanced and variations should be paid more attentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Yamei Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Xu Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Cai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Zhanying Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Yonggang Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Shunxiang Qi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 97 Huaian East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China.
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23
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Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited. Viruses 2019; 11:v11070652. [PMID: 31319534 PMCID: PMC6669632 DOI: 10.3390/v11070652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports from Europe and the USA described Seoul orthohantavirus infection in pet rats and their breeders/owners, suggesting the potential emergence of a “new” public health problem. Wild and laboratory rat-induced Seoul infections have, however, been described since the early eighties, due to the omnipresence of the rodent reservoir, the brown rat Rattus norvegicus. Recent studies showed no fundamental differences between the pathogenicity and phylogeny of pet rat-induced Seoul orthohantaviruses and their formerly described wild or laboratory rat counterparts. The paucity of diagnosed Seoul virus-induced disease in the West is in striking contrast to the thousands of cases recorded since the 1980s in the Far East, particularly in China. This review of four continents (Asia, Europe, America, and Africa) puts this “emerging infection” into a historical perspective, concluding there is an urgent need for greater medical awareness of Seoul virus-induced human pathology in many parts of the world. Given the mostly milder and atypical clinical presentation, sometimes even with preserved normal kidney function, the importance of simple but repeated urine examination is stressed, since initial but transient proteinuria and microhematuria are rarely lacking.
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24
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Christova I, Trifonova I, Panayotova E, Dimitrov H, Gladnishka T. Molecular identification of Puumala orthohantavirus in Bulgaria. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 70:42-44. [PMID: 30798033 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In Bulgaria, only Dobrava orthohantavirus has been detected in patients and in rodents. In order to elucidate possible Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) circulation, 131 bank voles (Myodes glareolus) were captured. PUUV RNA was detected in 14 (10.7%). Partial L segment sequences were recovered from six M. glareolus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all PUUV sequences from this study clustered together among the Alpe-Adrian lineage. It is the first genetic evidence of the virus circulation in a Balkan country outside north-western Balkans. The findings in this study extended the known edge of virus distribution towards Southeastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Christova
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Iva Trifonova
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elitsa Panayotova
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Dimitrov
- Department of zoology, University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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