1
|
Krause M, Samolej J, Yakimovich A, Kriston-Vizi J, Huttunen M, Lara-Reyna S, Frickel EM, Mercer J. Vaccinia virus subverts xenophagy through phosphorylation and nuclear targeting of p62. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202104129. [PMID: 38709216 PMCID: PMC11076808 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202104129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential degradation program required for cell homeostasis. Among its functions is the engulfment and destruction of cytosolic pathogens, termed xenophagy. Not surprisingly, many pathogens use various strategies to circumvent or co-opt autophagic degradation. For poxviruses, it is known that infection activates autophagy, which however is not required for successful replication. Even though these complex viruses replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm, autophagy-mediated control of poxvirus infection has not been extensively explored. Using the prototypic poxvirus, vaccinia virus (VACV), we show that overexpression of the xenophagy receptors p62, NDP52, and Tax1Bp1 restricts poxvirus infection. While NDP52 and Tax1Bp1 were degraded, p62 initially targeted cytoplasmic virions before being shunted to the nucleus. Nuclear translocation of p62 was dependent upon p62 NLS2 and correlated with VACV kinase mediated phosphorylation of p62 T269/S272. This suggests that VACV targets p62 during the early stages of infection to avoid destruction and further implies that poxviruses exhibit multi-layered control of autophagy to facilitate cytoplasmic replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Krause
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jerzy Samolej
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Artur Yakimovich
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Janos Kriston-Vizi
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Moona Huttunen
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Lara-Reyna
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eva-Maria Frickel
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jason Mercer
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Butterfield LH, Najjar YG. Immunotherapy combination approaches: mechanisms, biomarkers and clinical observations. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:399-416. [PMID: 38057451 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitors provided a paradigm shift for the treatment of malignancies across a broad range of indications. Whereas initially, single-agent immune checkpoint inhibition was used, increasing numbers of patients are now treated with combination immune checkpoint blockade, where non-redundant mechanisms of action of the individual agents generally lead to higher response rates. Furthermore, immune checkpoint therapy has been combined with various other therapeutic modalities, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other immunotherapeutics such as vaccines, adoptive cellular therapies, cytokines and others, in an effort to maximize clinical efficacy. Currently, a large number of clinical trials test combination therapies with an immune checkpoint inhibitor as a backbone. However, proceeding without inclusion of broad, if initially exploratory, biomarker investigations may ultimately slow progress, as so far, few combinations have yielded clinical successes based on clinical data alone. Here, we present the rationale for combination therapies and discuss clinical data from clinical trials across the immuno-oncology spectrum. Moreover, we discuss the evolution of biomarker approaches and highlight the potential new directions that comprehensive biomarker studies can yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H Butterfield
- University of California San Francisco, Microbiology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhao S, Zhang Y. A retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of MAPK12 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03515-3. [PMID: 38773060 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (MAPK12), also known as p38γ, is a member of the p38 MAPK family and plays a crucial role in tumor occurrence and invasion. However, there is still uncertainty regarding MAPK12 involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS Our study investigated the expression of MAPK12 mRNA in various types of cancer using bioinformatic analysis. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the expression of MAPK12 in patients with DLBCL and compared clinical indicators and survival rates. RESULTS We found that the high expression rate of MAPK12 was 43.1% in DLBCL patients. Several clinical indicators, including IPI scores, Hans classifications, LDH levels, and Ki-67 expression were closely associated with MAPK12 expression. Survival analysis revealed that higher expression of MAPK12 was significantly correlated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in DLBCL patients. In addition, both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed IPI score, MAPK12 expression, and rituximab use as the independent OS risk factors (P < 0.05). To explore the functional role of MAPK12 in DLBCL, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene ontology (GO) were used to confirm the involvement of MAPK12 in the regulation of type II interferon production, positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation, and other related biological processes. CONCLUSION DLBCL patients have poor prognoses when MAPK12 levels are high, which is expected to be a therapeutic target and prognostic factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou X, Zhang YC, Lu KQ, Xiao R, Tang WC, Wang F. The Role of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Mediated F-Actin in the Acupuncture-Induced Mitigation of Inflammatory Pain in Arthritic Rats. Brain Sci 2024; 14:380. [PMID: 38672029 PMCID: PMC11048453 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The analgesic efficacy of acupuncture has been widely recognized. However, the mechanism by which manual acupuncture-generated mechanical stimuli translate into biological signals remains unclear. This study employed a CFA-induced inflammatory pain rat model. Acupuncture intervention was then performed following standardized procedures. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed inflammatory cytokines levels, while immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR screened the level of p38 and F-actin expression in the ST36 acupoint area of rats. Results indicated increased inflammatory factors, including IL-1β and TNFα, with reduced paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) in CFA rats compared to unmodeled rats. After acupuncture intervention, the heightened expression level of F-actin and p38 mRNA and the phosphorylation of p38 in the acupoint area was observed alongside decreased inflammatory factors in diseased ankle joints. The application of lifting and thrusting manipulations further enhanced the effect of acupuncture, in which the molecular expression level of muscle and connective tissue increased most significantly, indicating that these two tissues play a major role in the transformation of acupuncture stimulation. Moreover, antagonizing p38 expression hindered acupuncture efficacy, supporting the hypothesis that p38 MAPK-mediated F-actin transduces mechanical signals generated by acupuncture and related manipulation into biological signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fan Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.Z.); (Y.-C.Z.); (K.-Q.L.); (R.X.); (W.-C.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Holtzman MJ, Zhang Y, Wu K, Romero AG. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-guided drug discovery for post-viral and related types of lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230220. [PMID: 38417971 PMCID: PMC10900067 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0220-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections are a major public health problem, with much of their morbidity and mortality due to post-viral lung diseases that progress and persist after the active infection is cleared. This paradigm is implicated in the most common forms of chronic lung disease, such as asthma and COPD, as well as other virus-linked diseases including progressive and long-term coronavirus disease 2019. Despite the impact of these diseases, there is a lack of small-molecule drugs available that can precisely modify this type of disease process. Here we will review current progress in understanding the pathogenesis of post-viral and related lung disease with characteristic remodelling phenotypes. We will also develop how this data leads to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in general and MAPK13 in particular as key druggable targets in this pathway. We will also explore recent advances and predict the future breakthroughs in structure-based drug design that will provide new MAPK inhibitors as drug candidates for clinical applications. Each of these developments point to a more effective approach to treating the distinct epithelial and immune cell based mechanisms, which better account for the morbidity and mortality of post-viral and related types of lung disease. This progress is vital given the growing prevalence of respiratory viruses and other inhaled agents that trigger stereotyped progression to acute illness and chronic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Holtzman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NuPeak Therapeutics Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kangyun Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arthur G Romero
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Keeler SP, Wu K, Zhang Y, Mao D, Li M, Iberg CA, Austin SR, Glaser SA, Yantis J, Podgorny S, Brody SL, Chartock JR, Han Z, Byers DE, Romero AG, Holtzman MJ. A potent MAPK13-14 inhibitor prevents airway inflammation and mucus production. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L726-L740. [PMID: 37847710 PMCID: PMC11068410 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Common respiratory diseases continue to represent a major public health problem, and much of the morbidity and mortality is due to airway inflammation and mucus production. Previous studies indicated a role for mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) in this type of disease, but clinical trials are unsuccessful to date. Our previous work identified a related but distinct kinase known as MAPK13 that is activated in respiratory airway diseases and is required for mucus production in human cell-culture models. Support for MAPK13 function in these models came from effectiveness of MAPK13 versus MAPK14 gene-knockdown and from first-generation MAPK13-14 inhibitors. However, these first-generation inhibitors were incompletely optimized for blocking activity and were untested in vivo. Here we report the next generation and selection of a potent MAPK13-14 inhibitor (designated NuP-3) that more effectively downregulates type-2 cytokine-stimulated mucus production in air-liquid interface and organoid cultures of human airway epithelial cells. We also show that NuP-3 treatment prevents respiratory airway inflammation and mucus production in new minipig models of airway disease triggered by type-2 cytokine challenge or respiratory viral infection. The results thereby provide the next advance in developing a small-molecule kinase inhibitor to address key features of respiratory disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the discovery of a potent mitogen-activated protein kinase 13-14 (MAPK13-14) inhibitor and its effectiveness in models of respiratory airway disease. The findings thereby provide a scheme for pathogenesis and therapy of lung diseases [e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Covid-19, postviral, and allergic respiratory disease] and related conditions that implicate MAPK13-14 function. The findings also refine a hypothesis for epithelial and immune cell functions in respiratory disease that features MAPK13 as a possible component of this disease process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamus P Keeler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Kangyun Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Dailing Mao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Courtney A Iberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | | | - Samuel A Glaser
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Jennifer Yantis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Stephanie Podgorny
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Steven L Brody
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Joshua R Chartock
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Zhenfu Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Derek E Byers
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Arthur G Romero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- NuPeak Therapeutics Inc., St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim J, Chun Y, Ramirez CB, Hoffner LA, Jung S, Jang KH, Rubtsova VI, Jang C, Lee G. MAPK13 stabilization via m 6A mRNA modification limits anticancer efficacy of rapamycin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105175. [PMID: 37599001 PMCID: PMC10511813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-adenosine methylation (m6A) is the most abundant mRNA modification that controls gene expression through diverse mechanisms. Accordingly, m6A-dependent regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors contributes to tumor development. However, the role of m6A-mediated gene regulation upon drug treatment or resistance is poorly understood. Here, we report that m6A modification of mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK13) mRNA determines the sensitivity of cancer cells to the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-targeting agent rapamycin. mTORC1 induces m6A modification of MAPK13 mRNA at its 3' untranslated region through the methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3)-METTL14-Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein(WTAP) methyltransferase complex, facilitating its mRNA degradation via an m6A reader protein YTH domain family protein 2. Rapamycin blunts this process and stabilizes MAPK13. On the other hand, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of MAPK13 enhances rapamycin's anticancer effects, which suggests that MAPK13 confers a progrowth signal upon rapamycin treatment, thereby limiting rapamycin efficacy. Together, our data indicate that rapamycin-mediated MAPK13 mRNA stabilization underlies drug resistance, and it should be considered as a promising therapeutic target to sensitize cancer cells to rapamycin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohwan Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Yujin Chun
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cuauhtemoc B Ramirez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Lauren A Hoffner
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ki-Hong Jang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Varvara I Rubtsova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Gina Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu P, Li TT, Wang BC, Yi YJ, Zhang WC, Sun GD, Zhang Y, Li ZZ. Supramolecular assemblies with spatio-temporal sequential drug delivery capability treat spinal cord injury via neuroprotection and immunoregulation. J Control Release 2023; 360:528-548. [PMID: 37433370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in irreversible motor and sensory deficits. However, up to data, clinical first-line drugs have ambiguous benefits and debilitating side effects, mainly due to the insufficient accumulation, poor physiological barrier penetration, and lack of spatio-temporal controlled release at lesion tissue. Herein, we proposed a supramolecular assemblies composed of hyperbranched polymer-formed core/shell structure through host-guest interactions. Such HPAA-BM@CD-HPG-C assemblies co-loaded with p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) are able to achieve time- and space-programmed sequential delivery benefiting from their cascaded responsiveness. The core-shell disassembly of HPAA-BM@CD-HPG-C occurs in acidic micro-environment around lesion, achieving preferentially the burst release of IGF-1 to protect survival neurons. Subsequently, the HPAA-BM cores containing SB203580 are endocytosed by the recruited macrophages and degraded by intracellular GSH, accelerating the release of SB203580 to promote the conversion from M1 to M2 macrophage. Hence, the successive synergy of neuroprotection and immunoregulation effects contribute to subsequent nerve repair and locomotor recovery as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo studies. Thus, our fabrication provides a strategy that multiple drugs co-delivery in a spatio-temporal selective manner adapting to the disease progression through self-cascaded disintegration, are expected to realize multidimensional precise treatment of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin-Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong-Jun Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wen-Cai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guo-Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China; Key Laboratory of Guangdong Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Yingke Avenue, Heyuan City 517000, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhi-Zhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China; Key Laboratory of Guangdong Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Yingke Avenue, Heyuan City 517000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu X, Du Y, Liang S, Zhang N, Jing S, Sui L, Kong Y, Dong M, Kong H. OPN up-regulated proliferation and invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through the p38MAPK signaling pathway. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:70-79. [PMID: 37286411 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteopontin (OPN) is aberrantly expressed in various tumors. However, its role and detailed mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have not been extensively described. STUDY DESIGN Expression of OPN in HNSCC was examined at the gene and protein levels. The effect of cell proliferation ability was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay, cell invasiveness by Transwell assay, the effect of OPN on protein expression of Capase-3 and Bcl2 by Western blotting, and the expression of p38MAPK signaling pathway by p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. RESULTS We found that OPN expression was higher in human HNSCC tissues than in adjacent tissues. Osteopontin may regulate the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells through the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. DISCUSSION Our study identifies an important role for OPN in HNSCC and further demonstrates that it may regulate the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells by activating the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Osteopontin may be a promising prognostic and diagnostic indicator and a potential target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanling Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shumin Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Sun Jing
- Rocket Force University of Engineering Clinic Affiliated to 986 Hospital of Air Force, Xian, Shanxi, China
| | - Linlin Sui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ming Dong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & Glycoengn, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang H, Dong Z, Xia X, Li X. Cathepsins in oral diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203071. [PMID: 37334378 PMCID: PMC10272612 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsins are a type of lysosomal globulin hydrolase and are crucial for many physiological processes, including the resorption of bone matrix, innate immunity, apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, autophagy, and angiogenesis. Findings regarding their functions in human physiological processes and disorders have drawn extensive attention. In this review, we will focus on the relationship between cathepsins and oral diseases. We highlight the structural and functional properties of cathepsins related to oral diseases, as well as the regulatory mechanisms in tissue and cells and their therapeutic uses. Elucidating the associated mechanism between cathepsins and oral diseases is thought to be a promising strategy for the treatment of oral diseases and may be a starting point for further studies at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zuoxiang Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iba M, Kim C, Kwon S, Szabo M, Horan-Portelance L, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Reed X, Ding J, Lee SJ, Rissman RA, Cookson MR, Overk C, Wrasidlo W, Masliah E. Inhibition of p38α MAPK restores neuronal p38γ MAPK and ameliorates synaptic degeneration in a mouse model of DLB/PD. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq6089. [PMID: 37163617 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq6089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation of the p38α MAPK isoform and mislocalization of the p38γ MAPK isoform are associated with neuroinflammation and synaptic degeneration in DLB and PD. Therefore, we hypothesized that p38α might be associated with neuronal p38γ distribution and synaptic dysfunction in these diseases. To test this hypothesis, we treated in vitro cellular and in vivo mouse models of DLB/PD with SKF-86002, a compound that attenuates inflammation by inhibiting p38α/β, and then investigated the effects of this compound on p38γ and neurodegenerative pathology. We found that inhibition of p38α reduced neuroinflammation and ameliorated synaptic, neurodegenerative, and motor behavioral deficits in transgenic mice overexpressing human α-synuclein. Moreover, treatment with SKF-86002 promoted the redistribution of p38γ to synapses and reduced the accumulation of α-synuclein in mice overexpressing human α-synuclein. Supporting the potential value of targeting p38 in DLB/PD, we found that SKF-86002 promoted the redistribution of p38γ in neurons differentiated from iPS cells derived from patients with familial PD (carrying the A53T α-synuclein mutation) and healthy controls. Treatment with SKF-86002 ameliorated α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration in these neurons only when microglia were pretreated with this compound. However, direct treatment of neurons with SKF-86002 did not affect α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that SKF-86002 treatment inhibits α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity mediated by microglia. These findings provide a mechanistic connection between p38α and p38γ as well as a rationale for targeting this pathway in DLB/PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Iba
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Somin Kwon
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marcell Szabo
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liam Horan-Portelance
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xylena Reed
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Computational Biology Group, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cassia Overk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wolf Wrasidlo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi ZW, Zhu L, Song ZR, Liu TJ, Hao DJ. Roles of p38 MAPK signalling in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Prolif 2023:e13438. [PMID: 36872558 PMCID: PMC10392072 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common degenerative disease mediated by multiple factors. Because of its complex aetiology and pathology, no specific molecular mechanisms have yet been identified and no definitive treatments are currently available for IVDD. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, part of the serine and threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases family, is associated with the progression of IVDD, by mediating the inflammatory response, increasing extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, promoting cell apoptosis and senescence and suppressing cell proliferation and autophagy. Meanwhile, the inhibition of p38 MAPK signalling has a significant effect on IVDD treatment. In this review, we first summarize the regulation of p38 MAPK signalling and then highlight the changes in the expression of p38 MAPK signalling and their impact on pathological process of IVDD. Moreover, we discuss the current applications and future prospects of p38 MAPK as a therapeutic target for IVDD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zong-Rang Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Tuan-Jiang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Ding-Jun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Natural and synthetic compounds for glioma treatment based on ROS-mediated strategy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175537. [PMID: 36871663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most frequent and most malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS),accounting for about 50% of all CNS tumor and approximately 80% of the malignant primary tumors in the CNS. Patients with glioma benefit from surgical resection, chemo- and radio-therapy. However these therapeutical strategies do not significantly improve the prognosis, nor increase survival rates owing to restricted drug contribution in the CNS and to the malignant characteristics of glioma. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important oxygen-containing molecules that regulate tumorigenesis and tumor progression. When ROS accumulates to cytotoxic levels, this can lead to anti-tumor effects. Multiple chemicals used as therapeutic strategies are based on this mechanism. They regulate intracellular ROS levels directly or indirectly, resulting in the inability of glioma cells to adapt to the damage induced by these substances. In the current review, we summarize the natural products, synthetic compounds and interdisciplinary techniques used for the treatment of glioma. Their possible molecular mechanisms are also presented. Some of them are also used as sensitizers: they modulate ROS levels to improve the outcomes of chemo- and radio-therapy. In addition, we summarize some new targets upstream or downstream of ROS to provide ideas for developing new anti-glioma therapies.
Collapse
|
14
|
Díaz-Mora E, González-Romero D, Meireles-da-Silva M, Sanz-Ezquerro JJ, Cuenda A. p38δ controls Mitogen- and Stress-activated Kinase-1 (MSK1) function in response to toll-like receptor activation in macrophages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1083033. [PMID: 36846591 PMCID: PMC9946961 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1083033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen- and Stress-activated Kinase (MSK) 1 is a nuclear protein, activated by p38α Mitogen-Activated Kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), that modulate the production of certain cytokines in macrophages. Using knockout cells and specific kinase inhibitors, we show that, besides p38α and ERK1/2, another p38MAPK, p38δ, mediates MSK phosphorylation and activation, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, recombinant MSK1 was phosphorylated and activated by recombinant p38δ, to the same extent than by p38α, in in vitro experiments. Moreover, the phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB and ATF1, that are MSK physiological substrates, and the expression of the CREB-dependent gene encoding DUSP1, were impaired in p38δ-deficient macrophages. Also, the transcription of IL-1Ra mRNA, that is MSK-dependent, was reduced. Our results indicate that MSK activation can be one possible mechanism by which p38δ regulates the production of a variety of inflammatory molecules involved in immune innate response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Díaz-Mora
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego González-Romero
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Meireles-da-Silva
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Sanz-Ezquerro
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Ana Cuenda,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wydra VR, Ditzinger RB, Seidler NJ, Hacker FW, Laufer SA. A patent review of MAPK inhibitors (2018 - present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:421-444. [PMID: 37501497 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2242584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family consist of p38 MAP kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). They are involved in a multitude of diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases as well as cancer. In recent years, further developments in the field of MAPK-inhibitors have been reported, including an isoform or downstream target selective inhibition of MAPKs as well as target protein degradation approaches. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes newly patented MAPK-inhibitors that were claimed between 2018 and early 2023. Presented are the patents as well as their corresponding publications, the storyline of development, and clinical trials involving these compounds. This article elaborates a total of 27 patents, which were identified using established search engines. EXPERT OPINION Although industrial research on MAPK-inhibitors has been ongoing for more than 20 years, novel clinical trials of MAPK-inhibitors as potential drug candidates are still being conducted in the period under review. Recently reported inhibitors show an excellent selectivity profile and are even achieving selectivity between closely related isoforms. This progression offers the possibility to eliminate unwanted side effects and may finally lead to the approval of the first MAPK-inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin R Wydra
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raphael B Ditzinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nico J Seidler
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederik W Hacker
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (Tücad2), Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheraghi O, Dabirmanesh B, Ghazi F, Amanlou M, Atabakhshi-kashi M, Fathollahi Y, Khajeh K. The effect of Nrf2 deletion on the proteomic signature in a human colorectal cancer cell line. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:979. [PMID: 36100939 PMCID: PMC9472369 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer and the third leading cause of death worldwide. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is observed in many types of cancer cells. Several studies have reported that an increase in ROS production could affect the expression of proteins involved in ROS-scavenging, detoxification and drug resistance. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a known transcription factor for cellular response to oxidative stress. Several researches exhibited that Nrf2 could exert multiple functions and expected to be a promising therapeutic target in many cancers. Here, Nrf2 was knocked down in colorectal cancer cell line HT29 and changes that occurred in signaling pathways and survival mechanisms were evaluated. Methods The influence of chemotherapy drugs (doxorubicin and cisplatin), metastasis and cell viability were investigated. To explore the association between specific pathways and viability in HT29-Nrf2−, proteomic analysis, realtime PCR and western blotting were performed. Results In the absence of Nrf2 (Nrf2−), ROS scavenging and detoxification potential were dramatically faded and the HT29-Nrf2− cells became more susceptible to drugs. However, a severe decrease in viability was not observed. Bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data revealed that in Nrf2− cells, proteins involved in detoxification processes, respiratory electron transport chain and mitochondrial-related compartment were down regulated. Furthermore, proteins related to MAPKs, JNK and FOXO pathways were up regulated that possibly helped to overcome the detrimental effect of excessive ROS production. Conclusions Our results revealed MAPKs, JNK and FOXO pathways connections in reducing the deleterious effect of Nrf2 deficiency, which can be considered in cancer therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10055-y.
Collapse
|
17
|
Recent Advances in PROTACs for Drug Targeted Protein Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810328. [PMID: 36142231 PMCID: PMC9499226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) is a heterobifunctional molecule. Typically, PROTAC consists of two terminals which are the ligand of the protein of interest (POI) and the specific ligand of E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, via a suitable linker. PROTAC degradation of the target protein is performed through the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). The general process is that PROTAC binds to the target protein and E3 ligase to form a ternary complex and label the target protein with ubiquitination. The ubiquitinated protein is recognized and degraded by the proteasome in the cell. At present, PROTAC, as a new type of drug, has been developed to degrade a variety of cancer target proteins and other disease target proteins, and has shown good curative effects on a variety of diseases. For example, PROTACs targeting AR, BR, BTK, Tau, IRAK4, and other proteins have shown unprecedented clinical efficacy in cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammations, and other fields. Recently, PROTAC has entered a phase of rapid development, opening a new field for biomedical research and development. This paper reviews the various fields of targeted protein degradation by PROTAC in recent years and summarizes and prospects the hot targets and indications of PROTAC.
Collapse
|
18
|
TPL2 kinase expression is regulated by the p38γ/p38δ-dependent association of aconitase-1 with TPL2 mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204752119. [PMID: 35994673 PMCID: PMC9436348 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204752119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
p38γ and p38δ (p38γ/p38δ) regulate inflammation, in part by controlling tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2) expression in myeloid cells. Here, we demonstrate that TPL2 protein levels are dramatically reduced in p38γ/p38δ-deficient (p38γ/δ-/-) cells and tissues without affecting TPL2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression. We show that p38γ/p38δ posttranscriptionally regulates the TPL2 amount at two different levels. p38γ/p38δ interacts with the TPL2/A20 Binding Inhibitor of NF-κB2 (ABIN2)/Nuclear Factor κB1p105 (NF-κB1p105) complex, increasing TPL2 protein stability. Additionally, p38γ/p38δ regulates TPL2 mRNA translation by modulating the repressor function of TPL2 3' Untranslated region (UTR) mediated by its association with aconitase-1 (ACO1). ACO1 overexpression in wild-type cells increases the translational repression induced by TPL2 3'UTR and severely decreases TPL2 protein levels. p38δ binds to ACO1, and p38δ expression in p38γ/δ-/- cells fully restores TPL2 protein to wild-type levels by reducing the translational repression of TPL2 mRNA. This study reveals a unique mechanism of posttranscriptional regulation of TPL2 expression, which given its central role in innate immune response, likely has great relevance in physiopathology.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kudaravalli S, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Role of p38 MAP kinase in cancer stem cells and metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:3177-3185. [PMID: 35501462 PMCID: PMC9166676 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance and metastatic progression are responsible for the majority of cancer mortalities. In particular, the development of resistance is a significant barrier to the efficacy of cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) underlie treatment resistance and metastasis. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) is downstream of several CSC-specific signaling pathways, and it plays an important role in CSC development and maintenance and contributes to metastasis and chemoresistance. Therefore, the development of therapeutic approaches targeting p38 can sensitize tumors to chemotherapy and prevent metastatic progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriya Kudaravalli
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Y, Han Y, Wang Y, Lv M, Li Y, Niu D. Expression of p38MAPK and its regulation of apoptosis under high temperature stress in the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:288-297. [PMID: 35172214 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
p38MAPK is a key branch of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway that plays an important role in physiological processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation and growth. In this experiment, we screened and identified one p38MAPK gene in the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta, which encoded 359 amino acids and was widely expressed in various adult tissues. After 24 h of high temperature stress at 34 °C, the transcript expression of p38MAPK showed significant changes in all tested tissues. In particular in the gill and hepatopancreas tissues, where the expression increased 1.81 and 7.83 times compared with the control group, respectively (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we examined the expression of the apoptosis suppressor gene Bcl-2 and pro-apoptosis gene Bax by knock-down of p38MAPK with dsRNA interference in the gill and hepatopancreas tissues. The obvious up-regulation expression of Bcl-2 and significant suppression of Bax were observed, respectively (P < 0.01). Moreover, the TUNEL staining technique was used to detect apoptosis before and after interference. The degree of apoptosis in the gill and hepatopancreas tissues was reduced after interference with p38MAPK, and the ROS content was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). The results suggested that p38MAPK had a regulatory role in the heat tolerance of razor clams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuting Han
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Min Lv
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The p38 MAPK Components and Modulators as Biomarkers and Molecular Targets in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010370. [PMID: 35008796 PMCID: PMC8745478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family is an important bridge in the transduction of extracellular and intracellular signals in different responses at the cellular level. Within this MAPK family, the p38 kinases can be found altered in various diseases, including cancer, where these kinases play a fundamental role, sometimes with antagonistic mechanisms of action, depending on several factors. In fact, this family has an immense number of functionalities, many of them yet to be discovered in terms of regulation and action in different types of cancer, being directly involved in the response to cancer therapies. To date, three main groups of MAPKs have been identified in mammals: the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and the different isoforms of p38 (α, β, γ, δ). In this review, we highlight the mechanism of action of these kinases, taking into account their extensive regulation at the cellular level through various modifications and modulations, including a wide variety of microRNAs. We also analyze the importance of the different isoforms expressed in the different tissues and their possible role as biomarkers and molecular targets. In addition, we include the latest preclinical and clinical trials with different p38-related drugs that are ongoing with hopeful expectations in the present/future of developing precision medicine in cancer.
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu W, Liu R, Dai Y, Hong S, Dong H, Wang H. The Role of p38γ in Cancer: From review to outlook. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4036-4046. [PMID: 34671218 PMCID: PMC8495394 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.63537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
p38γ is a member of the p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (p38 MAPKs). It contains four subtypes in mammalian cells encoded by different genes including p38α (MAPK14), p38β (MAPK11), p38γ (MAPK12), and p38δ (MAPK13). Recent studies revealed that p38γ may exhibit a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness. Despite the large number of published literatures, further researches are demanded to clarify its role in cancer development, the tissue-specific function and associated novel treatment strategies. In this article, we provide the latest view on the connection between p38γ and malignant tumors, highlighting the function of p38γ. The clinical value of p38γ is also discussed, helping the translation into the remarkable therapeutic strategy in tumor diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.,First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Shaocheng Hong
- First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huke Dong
- First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Modulation of Bovine Endometrial Cell Receptors and Signaling Pathways as a Nanotherapeutic Exploration against Dairy Cow Postpartum Endometritis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061516. [PMID: 34071093 PMCID: PMC8224678 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The provision of updated information on the molecular pathogenesis of bovine endometritis with host-pathogen interactions and the possibility of exploring the cellular sensors mechanism in a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system against persistent endometritis were reported in this review. The mechanism of Gram-negative bacteria and their ligands has been vividly explored, with the paucity of research detail on Gram-positive bacteria in bovine endometritis. The function of cell receptors, biomolecules proteins, and sensors were reportedly essential in transferring signals into cell signaling pathways to induce immuno-inflammatory responses by elevating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, understanding endometrial cellular components and signaling mechanisms across pathogenesis are essential for nanotherapeutic exploration against bovine endometritis. The nanotherapeutic discovery that could inhibit infectious signals at the various cell receptors and signal transduction levels, interfering with transcription factors activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines and gene expression, significantly halts endometritis. Abstract In order to control and prevent bovine endometritis, there is a need to understand the molecular pathogenesis of the infectious disease. Bovine endometrium is usually invaded by a massive mobilization of microorganisms, especially bacteria, during postpartum dairy cows. Several reports have implicated the Gram-negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of bovine endometritis, with information dearth on the potentials of Gram-positive bacteria and their endotoxins. The invasive bacteria and their ligands pass through cellular receptors such as TLRs, NLRs, and biomolecular proteins of cells activate the specific receptors, which spontaneously stimulates cellular signaling pathways like MAPK, NF-kB and sequentially triggers upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The cascade of inflammatory induction involves a dual signaling pathway; the transcription factor NF-κB is released from its inhibitory molecule and can bind to various inflammatory genes promoter. The MAPK pathways are concomitantly activated, leading to specific phosphorylation of the NF-κB. The provision of detailed information on the molecular pathomechanism of bovine endometritis with the interaction between host endometrial cells and invasive bacteria in this review would widen the gap of exploring the potential of receptors and signal transduction pathways in nanotechnology-based drug delivery system. The nanotherapeutic discovery of endometrial cell receptors, signal transduction pathway, and cell biomolecules inhibitors could be developed for strategic inhibition of infectious signals at the various cell receptors and signal transduction levels, interfering on transcription factors activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines and genes expression, which may significantly protect endometrium against postpartum microbial invasion.
Collapse
|
24
|
A Special View of What Was Almost Forgotten: p38δ MAPK. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092077. [PMID: 33923030 PMCID: PMC8123357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary p38δ MAPK, as well as the other p38 isoforms, was proposed as a drug target for cancer therapy, owing to its critical roles in cellular signaling. However, herein, we show that p38δ inhibition may be therapeutically beneficial for treatment of specific cancer types, such as skin carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and breast cancer. This review aims to discuss the roles of p38δ in cancer and summarize the findings of molecules with potential to inhibit p38δ in order to guide the search for new target cancer therapies based on p38δ inhibitors. Abstract The p38δ mitogen-activated protein kinase is an important signal transduction enzyme. p38δ has recently emerged as a drug target due to its tissue-specific expression patterns and its critical roles in regulation of cellular processes related to cancer and inflammatory diseases, such as cell proliferation, cell migration, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. However, potent and specific p38δ inhibitors have not been defined so far. Moreover, in cancer disease, p38δ appears to act as a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter according to cancer and cell type studied. In this review, we outline the current understanding of p38δ roles in each cancer type, to define whether it is possible to delineate new cancer therapies based on small-molecule p38δ inhibitors. We also highlight recent advances made in the design of molecules with potential to inhibit p38 isoforms and discuss structural approaches to guide the search for p38δ inhibitors.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Molecular and biochemical investigations of inborn errors of metabolism-altered redox homeostasis in branched-chain amino acid disorders, organic acidurias, and homocystinuria. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:627-640. [PMID: 33504220 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1877286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
India, resembling other developing nations, is confronting a hastening demographic switch to non-communicable diseases. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) constitute a varied heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical appearance, primarily in the pediatric populace. Congenital deformities and genetic disorders are significant for mortality throughout the world, and the Indian scenario is not very different. IEMs are a group of monogenic issues described by dysregulation of the metabolic networks that bring about development and homeostasis. Incipient evidence focuses on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as significant contributors to the multiorgan modifications are detected in a few IEMs. The amassing of toxic metabolites in organic acidurias, respiratory chain, and fatty acid oxidation ailments inhibit mitochondrial enzymes and processes, bringing about elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In different IEMs, as in homocystinuria, various sources of ROS have been suggested. In patients' samples along with cellular and experimental animal models, a few investigations have recognized substantial increments in ROS levels alongside diminishes in antioxidant defenses, relating with oxidative damage to proteins, lipids as well as DNA. Elevated ROS levels interrupt redox signaling pathways controlling biological processes such as cell development, differentiation, or apoptosis; however, few investigations explore these processes in IEMs. This review depicts the mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, redox signaling in branched-chain amino acid disorders, further organic acidurias, and homocystinuria, alongside the latest research investigating the proficiency of antioxidants in addition to mitochondria-targeted therapies as therapeutic components in these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Sciences University, Ziro, Arunachal , Pradesh, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Canovas B, Nebreda AR. Diversity and versatility of p38 kinase signalling in health and disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:346-366. [PMID: 33504982 PMCID: PMC7838852 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to deal with different types of stressful situations in a precise and coordinated manner is key for survival and involves various signalling networks. Over the past 25 years, p38 kinases — in particular, p38α — have been implicated in the cellular response to stress at many levels. These span from environmental and intracellular stresses, such as hyperosmolarity, oxidative stress or DNA damage, to physiological situations that involve important cellular changes such as differentiation. Given that p38α controls a plethora of functions, dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to diseases such as inflammation, immune disorders or cancer, suggesting the possibility that targeting p38α could be of therapeutic interest. In this Review, we discuss the organization of this signalling pathway focusing on the diversity of p38α substrates, their mechanisms and their links to particular cellular functions. We then address how the different cellular responses can be generated depending on the signal received and the cell type, and highlight the roles of this kinase in human physiology and in pathological contexts. p38α — the best-characterized member of the p38 kinase family — is a key mediator of cellular stress responses. p38α is activated by a plethora of signals and functions through a multitude of substrates to regulate different cellular behaviours. Understanding context-dependent p38α signalling provides important insights into p38α roles in physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Canovas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain. .,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Microbial Imidazole Propionate Affects Responses to Metformin through p38γ-Dependent Inhibitory AMPK Phosphorylation. Cell Metab 2020; 32:643-653.e4. [PMID: 32783890 PMCID: PMC7546034 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is the first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, but there are large inter-individual variations in responses to this drug. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and changes in the gut microbiota appear to be important. The inhibitory role of microbial metabolites on metformin action has not previously been investigated. Here, we show that concentrations of the microbial metabolite imidazole propionate are higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes taking metformin who have high blood glucose. We also show that metformin-induced glucose lowering is not observed in mice pretreated with imidazole propionate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that imidazole propionate inhibits AMPK activity by inducing inhibitory AMPK phosphorylation, which is dependent on imidazole propionate-induced basal Akt activation. Finally, we identify imidazole propionate-activated p38γ as a novel kinase for Akt and demonstrate that p38γ kinase activity mediates the inhibitory action of imidazole propionate on metformin.
Collapse
|
28
|
Yarmohammadi F, Rezaee R, Karimi G. Natural compounds against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A review on the involvement of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1163-1175. [PMID: 32985744 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is the main concern for long-term use of the doxorubicin (DOX). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation leads to oxidative stress that significantly contributes to the cardiac damage induced by DOX. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) acts as a protective player against DOX-induced myocardial oxidative stress. Several natural compounds (NCs) with anti-oxidative effects, were examined to suppress DOX cardiotoxicity such as asiatic acid, α-linolenic acid, apigenin, baicalein, β-lapachone, curdione, dioscin, ferulic acid, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, genistein, ginsenoside Rg3, indole-3-carbinol, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, neferine, p-coumaric acid, pristimerin, punicalagin, quercetin, sulforaphane, and tanshinone IIA. The present article, reviews NCs that showed protective effects against DOX-induced cardiac injury through induction of Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Blanc RS, Kallenbach JG, Bachman JF, Mitchell A, Paris ND, Chakkalakal JV. Inhibition of inflammatory CCR2 signaling promotes aged muscle regeneration and strength recovery after injury. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4167. [PMID: 32820177 PMCID: PMC7441393 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration depends on a robust albeit transient inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation is a feature of age-related regenerative deficits, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we find inflammatory-related CC-chemokine-receptor 2 (Ccr2) expression in non-hematopoietic myogenic progenitors (MPs) during regeneration. After injury, the expression of Ccr2 in MPs corresponds to the levels of its ligands, the chemokines Ccl2, 7, and 8. We find stimulation of Ccr2-activity inhibits MP fusion and contribution to myofibers. This occurs in association with increases in MAPKp38δ/γ signaling, MyoD phosphorylation, and repression of the terminal myogenic commitment factor Myogenin. High levels of Ccr2-chemokines are a feature of regenerating aged muscle. Correspondingly, deletion of Ccr2 in MPs is necessary for proper fusion into regenerating aged muscle. Finally, opportune Ccr2 inhibition after injury enhances aged regeneration and functional recovery. These results demonstrate that inflammatory-induced activation of Ccr2 signaling in myogenic cells contributes to aged muscle regenerative decline. Chronic inflammation is a feature of age-related regenerative decline in skeletal muscles, but how it directly affects resident muscle stem cell fate and function is unclear. Here, the authors show that Ccr2 signaling in muscle stem cell derived progenitors represses terminal myogenic differentiation, and that targeting Ccr2 on aged myogenic progenitors rejuvenates aged skeletal muscle healing and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roméo S Blanc
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, and The Rochester Aging Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacob G Kallenbach
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John F Bachman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cell Biology of Disease Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nicole D Paris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, and The Rochester Aging Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joe V Chakkalakal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Wilmot Cancer Institute, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, and The Rochester Aging Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Germann UA, Alam JJ. P38α MAPK Signaling-A Robust Therapeutic Target for Rab5-Mediated Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5485. [PMID: 32751991 PMCID: PMC7432772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifactorial pathologies, involving one or more aggregated protein(s) and neuroinflammation are common in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. This complexity of multiple pathogenic drivers is one potential explanation for the lack of success or, at best, the partial therapeutic effects, respectively, with approaches that have targeted one specific driver, e.g., amyloid-beta, in Alzheimer's disease. Since the endosome-associated protein Rab5 appears to be a convergence point for many, if not all the most prominent pathogenic drivers, it has emerged as a major therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disease. Further, since the alpha isoform of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α) is a major regulator of Rab5 activity and its effectors, a biology that is distinct from the classical nuclear targets of p38 signaling, brain-penetrant selective p38α kinase inhibitors provide the opportunity for significant therapeutic advances in neurogenerative disease through normalizing dysregulated Rab5 activity. In this review, we provide a brief summary of the role of Rab5 in the cell and its association with neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. We then discuss the connection between Rab5 and p38α and summarize the evidence that through modulating Rab5 activity there are therapeutic opportunities in neurodegenerative diseases for p38α kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
|
31
|
Regulation of the Mammalian SWI/SNF Family of Chromatin Remodeling Enzymes by Phosphorylation during Myogenesis. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070152. [PMID: 32635263 PMCID: PMC7407365 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myogenesis is the biological process by which skeletal muscle tissue forms. Regulation of myogenesis involves a variety of conventional, epigenetic, and epigenomic mechanisms that control chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modification, and activation of transcription factors. Chromatin remodeling enzymes utilize ATP hydrolysis to alter nucleosome structure and/or positioning. The mammalian SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (mSWI/SNF) family of chromatin remodeling enzymes is essential for myogenesis. Here we review diverse and novel mechanisms of regulation of mSWI/SNF enzymes by kinases and phosphatases. The integration of classic signaling pathways with chromatin remodeling enzyme function impacts myoblast viability and proliferation as well as differentiation. Regulated processes include the assembly of the mSWI/SNF enzyme complex, choice of subunits to be incorporated into the complex, and sub-nuclear localization of enzyme subunits. Together these processes influence the chromatin remodeling and gene expression events that control myoblast function and the induction of tissue-specific genes during differentiation.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wei TH, Hsieh CL. Effect of Acupuncture on the p38 Signaling Pathway in Several Nervous System Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4693. [PMID: 32630156 PMCID: PMC7370084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is clinically used to treat various diseases and exerts positive local and systemic effects in several nervous system diseases. Advanced molecular and clinical studies have continually attempted to decipher the mechanisms underlying these effects of acupuncture. While a growing understanding of the pathophysiology underlying several nervous system diseases shows it to be related to inflammation and impair cell regeneration after ischemic events, the relationship between the therapeutic mechanism of acupuncture and the p38 MAPK signal pathway has yet to be elucidated. This review discusses the latest advancements in the identification of the effect of acupuncture on the p38 signaling pathway in several nervous system diseases. We electronically searched databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to April 2020, using the following keywords alone or in various combinations: "acupuncture", "p38 MAPK pathway", "signaling", "stress response", "inflammation", "immune", "pain", "analgesic", "cerebral ischemic injury", "epilepsy", "Alzheimer's disease", "Parkinson's disease", "dementia", "degenerative", and "homeostasis". Manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture confer positive therapeutic effects by regulating proinflammatory cytokines, ion channels, scaffold proteins, and transcription factors including TRPV1/4, Nav, BDNF, and NADMR1; consequently, p38 regulates various phenomena including cell communication, remodeling, regeneration, and gene expression. In this review article, we found the most common acupoints for the relief of nervous system disorders including GV20, GV14, ST36, ST37, and LI4. Acupuncture exhibits dual regulatory functions of activating or inhibiting different p38 MAPK pathways, contributing to an overall improvement of clinical symptoms and function in several nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Wei
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Iba M, Kim C, Florio J, Mante M, Adame A, Rockenstein E, Kwon S, Rissman R, Masliah E. Role of Alterations in Protein Kinase p38γ in the Pathogenesis of the Synaptic Pathology in Dementia With Lewy Bodies and α-Synuclein Transgenic Models. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:286. [PMID: 32296304 PMCID: PMC7138105 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of the pre-synaptic protein α-synuclein (α-syn) has been strongly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders of the aging population such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy. While the precise mechanisms are not fully understood, alterations in kinase pathways including that of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 have been proposed to play a role. In AD, p38α activation has been linked to neuro-inflammation while alterations in p38γ have been associated with tau phosphorylation. Although p38 has been studied in AD, less is known about its role in DLB/PD and other α-synucleinopathies. For this purpose, we investigated the expression of the p38 family in brains from α-syn overexpressing transgenic mice (α-syn Tg: Line 61) and patients with DLB/PD. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that in healthy human controls and non-Tg mice, p38α associated with neurons and astroglial cells and p38γ localized to pre-synaptic terminals. In DLB and α-syn Tg brains, however, p38α levels were increased in astroglial cells while p38γ immunostaining was redistributed from the synaptic terminals to the neuronal cell bodies. Double immunolabeling further showed that p38γ colocalized with α-syn aggregates in DLB patients, and immunoblot and qPCR analysis confirmed the increased levels of p38α and p38γ. α1-syntrophin, a synaptic target of p38γ, was present in the neuropil and some neuronal cell bodies in human controls and non-Tg mice. In DLB and and Tg mice, however, α1-syntrophin was decreased in the neuropil and instead colocalized with α-syn in intra-neuronal inclusions. In agreement with these findings, in vitro studies showed that α-syn co-immunoprecipitates with p38γ, but not p38α. These results suggest that α-syn might interfere with the p38γ pathway and play a role in the mechanisms of synaptic dysfunction in DLB/PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Iba
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jazmin Florio
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael Mante
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Anthony Adame
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Edward Rockenstein
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Somin Kwon
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Division of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pelaia C, Vatrella A, Sciacqua A, Terracciano R, Pelaia G. Role of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase in COPD: pathobiological implications and therapeutic perspectives. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:485-491. [PMID: 32077346 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1732821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The p38 serine-threonine kinases are members of the large family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). In particular, p38 MAPK subgroup includes four isoforms (α, β, γ, δ), among which p38α and p38β are mainly involved in inflammatory disorders. Indeed, by activating key transcription factors and by inducing the expression of several cytokines and chemokines, p38α plays a central role in the pathobiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Areas covered: This concise review focuses on the contribution of p38 MAPK to development, maintenance, and amplification of chronic lung inflammation in COPD. Moreover, we discuss the potential role of p38 MAPK as suitable target for perspective therapeutic approaches under evaluation as potential new COPD treatments. In this regard, an extensive literature search has been conducted throughout PubMed source (1990-2020).Expert opinion: Despite some promising preclinical data, so far the results of clinical trials evaluating p38 MAPK inhibitors have been quite disappointing, thus suggesting a cautious judgment about the future perspectives of these drugs for COPD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
ASK1 inhibition: a therapeutic strategy with multi-system benefits. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:335-348. [PMID: 32060587 PMCID: PMC7080683 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (P38α and β) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK1, 2, and 3) are key mediators of the cellular stress response. However, prolonged P38 and JNK signalling is associated with damaging inflammatory responses, reactive oxygen species-induced cell death, and fibrosis in multiple tissues, such as the kidney, liver, central nervous system, and cardiopulmonary systems. These responses are associated with many human diseases, including arthritis, dementia, and multiple organ dysfunctions. Attempts to prevent P38- and JNK-mediated disease using small molecule inhibitors of P38 or JNK have generally been unsuccessful. However, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), an upstream regulator of P38 and JNK, has emerged as an alternative drug target for limiting P38- and JNK-mediated disease. Within this review, we compile the evidence that ASK1 mediates damaging cellular responses via prolonged P38 or JNK activation. We discuss the potential benefits of ASK1 inhibition as a therapeutic and summarise the studies that have tested the effects of ASK1 inhibition in cell and animal disease models, in addition to human clinical trials for a variety of disorders.
Collapse
|
36
|
Stramucci L, Pranteda A, Stravato A, Amoreo CA, Pennetti A, Diodoro MG, Bartolazzi A, Milella M, Bossi G. MKK3 sustains cell proliferation and survival through p38DELTA MAPK activation in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:842. [PMID: 31695024 PMCID: PMC6834673 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and understanding its underlying molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies. The mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase 3 (MKK3) is a specific activator of p38 MAP kinases (p38 MAPKs), which contributes to the regulation of several cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis as well as response to drugs. At present, the exact MKK3/p38 MAPK pathway contribution in cancer is heavily debated because of its pleiotropic function. In this work, we retrospectively explored the prognostic and pathobiologic relevance of MKK3 in a cohort of CRC patients and assessed MKK3 molecular functions in a panel of CRC lines and colonocytes primary cultures. We found increased MKK3 levels in late-stage CRC patients which correlated with shorter overall survival. Herein, we report that the MKK3 targeting by inducible RNA interference univocally exerts antitumor effects in CRC lines but not in primary colonocytes. While MKK3 depletion per se affects growth and survival by induction of sustained autophagy and death in some CRC lines, it potentiates response to chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in all of the tested CRC lines in vitro. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that in CRC the MKK3 specifically activates p38delta MAPK isoform to sustain prosurvival signaling and that such effect is exacerbated upon 5-FU challenge. Indeed, p38delta MAPK silencing recapitulates MKK3 depletion effects in CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our data identified a molecular mechanism through which MKK3 supports proliferation and survival signaling in CRC, further supporting MKK3 as a novel and extremely attractive therapeutic target for the development of promising strategies for the management of CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Stramucci
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelina Pranteda
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Stravato
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Azzurra Amoreo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Pennetti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine/Verona University Hospital Trust, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy. .,Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kiss A, Koppel AC, Murphy E, Sall M, Barlas M, Kissling G, Efimova T. Cell Type-Specific p38δ Targeting Reveals a Context-, Stage-, and Sex-Dependent Regulation of Skin Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071532. [PMID: 30934690 PMCID: PMC6479675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation and/or upregulated expression of p38δ are demonstrated in human skin malignancies including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting a role for p38δ in skin carcinogenesis. We previously reported that mice with germline deletion of the p38δ gene are significantly protected from chemical skin carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the effects of cell-selective targeted ablation of p38δ in keratinocytes and in immune (myeloid) cells on skin tumor development in a two-stage 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) chemical mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Conditional keratinocyte-specific p38δ ablation (p38δ-cKO∆K) did not influence the latency, incidence, or multiplicity of chemically-induced skin tumors, but led to increased tumor volume in females during the TPA promotion stage, and reduced malignant progression in males and females relative to their wild-type counterparts. In contrast, conditional myeloid cell-specific p38δ deletion (p38δ-cKO∆M) inhibited DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumorigenesis in male but not female mice. Thus, tumor onset was delayed, and tumor incidence, multiplicity, and volume were reduced in p38δ-cKO∆M males compared with control wild-type males. Moreover, the percentage of male mice with malignant tumors was decreased in the p38δ-cKO∆M group relative to their wild-type counterparts. Collectively, these results reveal that cell-specific p38δ targeting modifies susceptibility to chemical skin carcinogenesis in a context-, stage-, and sex-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexi Kiss
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- The George Washington Cancer Center, 800 22nd Street NW, Science and Engineering Hall 8160, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Aaron C Koppel
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Emily Murphy
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 2B-430, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Maxwell Sall
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Meral Barlas
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Grace Kissling
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- The George Washington Cancer Center, 800 22nd Street NW, Science and Engineering Hall 8160, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 2B-430, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Williams JA. Cholecystokinin (CCK) Regulation of Pancreatic Acinar Cells: Physiological Actions and Signal Transduction Mechanisms. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:535-564. [PMID: 30873601 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic acinar cells synthesize and secrete about 20 digestive enzymes and ancillary proteins with the processes that match the supply of these enzymes to their need in digestion being regulated by a number of hormones (CCK, secretin and insulin), neurotransmitters (acetylcholine and VIP) and growth factors (EGF and IGF). Of these regulators, one of the most important and best studied is the gastrointestinal hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK). Furthermore, the acinar cell has become a model for seven transmembrane, heterotrimeric G protein coupled receptors to regulate multiple processes by distinct signal transduction cascades. In this review, we briefly describe the chemistry and physiology of CCK and then consider the major physiological effects of CCK on pancreatic acinar cells. The majority of the review is devoted to the physiologic signaling pathways activated by CCK receptors and heterotrimeric G proteins and the functions they affect. The pathways covered include the traditional second messenger pathways PLC-IP3-Ca2+ , DAG-PKC, and AC-cAMP-PKA/EPAC that primarily relate to secretion. Then there are the protein-protein interaction pathways Akt-mTOR-S6K, the three major MAPK pathways (ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK), and Ca2+ -calcineurin-NFAT pathways that primarily regulate non-secretory processes including biosynthesis and growth, and several miscellaneous pathways that include the Rho family small G proteins, PKD, FAK, and Src that may regulate both secretory and nonsecretory processes but are not as well understood. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:535-564, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Williams
- University of Michigan, Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Smith BE, Wang SL, Jaime-Figueroa S, Harbin A, Wang J, Hamman BD, Crews CM. Differential PROTAC substrate specificity dictated by orientation of recruited E3 ligase. Nat Commun 2019; 10:131. [PMID: 30631068 PMCID: PMC6328587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are hetero-bifunctional molecules that recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase to a given substrate protein resulting in its targeted degradation. Many potent PROTACs with specificity for dissimilar targets have been developed; however, the factors governing degradation selectivity within closely-related protein families remain elusive. Here, we generate isoform-selective PROTACs for the p38 MAPK family using a single warhead (foretinib) and recruited E3 ligase (von Hippel-Lindau). Based on their distinct linker attachments and lengths, these two PROTACs differentially recruit VHL, resulting in degradation of p38α or p38δ. We characterize the role of ternary complex formation in driving selectivity, showing that it is necessary, but insufficient, for PROTAC-induced substrate ubiquitination. Lastly, we explore the p38δ:PROTAC:VHL complex to explain the different selectivity profiles of these PROTACs. Our work attributes the selective degradation of two closely-related proteins using the same warhead and E3 ligase to heretofore underappreciated aspects of the ternary complex model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blake E Smith
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Stephen L Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Saul Jaime-Figueroa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Alicia Harbin
- Arvinas, Inc., 5 Science Park, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Arvinas, Inc., 5 Science Park, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Brian D Hamman
- Arvinas, Inc., 5 Science Park, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Craig M Crews
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gee MS, Kim SW, Kim N, Lee SJ, Oh MS, Jin HK, Bae JS, Inn KS, Kim NJ, Lee JK. A Novel and Selective p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitor Attenuates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglia and a Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2362-2371. [PMID: 30327995 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important pathological feature in neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested that neuroinflammation is mainly aggravated by activated microglia, which are macrophage like cells in the central nervous system. Therefore, the inhibition of microglial activation may be considered for treating neuroinflammatory diseases. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has been identified as a crucial enzyme with inflammatory roles in several immune cells, and its activation also relates to neuroinflammation. Considering the proinflammatory roles of p38 MAPK, its inhibitors can be potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases relating to neuroinflammation initiated by microglia activation. This study was designed to evaluate whether NJK14047, a recently identified novel and selective p38 MAPK inhibitor, could modulate microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by utilizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 cells and an LPS-injected mice model. Our results showed that NJK14047 markedly reduced the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 by downregulating the expression of various proinflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in LPS-induced BV2 microglia. Moreover, NJK14047 significantly reduced microglial activation in the brains of LPS-injected mice. Overall, these results suggest that NJK14047 significantly reduces neuroinflammation in cellular/vivo model and would be a therapeutic candidate for various neuroinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Gee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Jin
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Bae
- Department of Physiology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xu M, Wang S, Wang Y, Wu H, Frank JA, Zhang Z, Luo J. Role of p38γ MAPK in regulation of EMT and cancer stem cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3605-3617. [PMID: 30251680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
p38γ is a member of p38 MAPK family which contains four isoforms p38α, p38β, p38γ, and p38δ. p38γ MAPK has unique function and is less investigated. Recent studies revealed that p38γ MAPK may be involved in tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness. However, the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that epithelial cancer cells transform to facilitate the loss of epithelial features and gain of mesenchymal phenotype. EMT promotes cancer cell progression and metastasis, and is involved in the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) which have self-renewal capacity and are resistant to chemotherapy and target therapy. We showed that p38γ MAPK significantly increased EMT in breast cancer cells; over-expression of p38γ MAPK enhanced EMT while its down-regulation inhibited EMT. Meanwhile, p38γ MAPK augmented CSC population while knock down of p38γ MAPK decreased CSC ratio in breast cancer cells. MicroRNA-200b (miR-200b) was down-stream of p38γ MAPK and inhibited by p38γ MAPK; miR-200b mimics blocked p38γ MAPK-induced EMT while miR-200b inhibitors promoted EMT. p38γ MAPK regulated miR-200b through inhibiting GATA3. p38γ MAPK induced GATA3 ubiquitination, leading to its proteasome-dependent degradation. Suz12, a Polycomb group protein, was down-stream of miR-200b and involved in miR-200b regulation of EMT. Thus, our study established an important role of p38γ MAPK in EMT and identified a novel signaling pathway for p38γ MAPK-mediated tumor promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Siying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Huaxun Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jacqueline A Frank
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Stramucci L, Pranteda A, Bossi G. Insights of Crosstalk between p53 Protein and the MKK3/MKK6/p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10050131. [PMID: 29751559 PMCID: PMC5977104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10050131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is universally recognized as a pivotal protein in cell-cycle fate and apoptotic induction and, unsurprisingly, it is one of the most commonly hijacked control mechanisms in cancer. Recently, the kinase MKK3 emerged as a potential therapeutic target in different types of solid tumor being linked to mutant p53 gain-of-function. In this review, we summarize the delicate relationship among p53 mutational status, MKK3/MKK6 and the downstream activated master kinase p38MAPK, dissecting a finely-tuned crosstalk, in a potentially cell-context dependent scenario that urges towards a deeper characterization of the different molecular players involved in this signaling cascade and their interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Stramucci
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Angelina Pranteda
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alsina-Beauchamp D, Escós A, Fajardo P, González-Romero D, Díaz-Mora E, Risco A, Martín-Serrano MA, Del Fresno C, Dominguez-Andrés J, Aparicio N, Zur R, Shpiro N, Brown GD, Ardavín C, Netea MG, Alemany S, Sanz-Ezquerro JJ, Cuenda A. Myeloid cell deficiency of p38γ/p38δ protects against candidiasis and regulates antifungal immunity. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 10:e8485. [PMID: 29661910 PMCID: PMC5938613 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a frequent aetiologic agent of sepsis associated with high mortality in immunocompromised patients. Developing new antifungal therapies is a medical need due to the low efficiency and resistance to current antifungal drugs. Here, we show that p38γ and p38δ regulate the innate immune response to C. albicans We describe a new TAK1-TPL2-MKK1-ERK1/2 pathway in macrophages, which is activated by Dectin-1 engagement and positively regulated by p38γ/p38δ. In mice, p38γ/p38δ deficiency protects against C. albicans infection by increasing ROS and iNOS production and thus the antifungal capacity of neutrophils and macrophages, and by decreasing the hyper-inflammation that leads to severe host damage. Leucocyte recruitment to infected kidneys and production of inflammatory mediators are decreased in p38γ/δ-null mice, reducing septic shock. p38γ/p38δ in myeloid cells are critical for this effect. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of p38γ/p38δ in mice reduces fungal burden, revealing that these p38MAPKs may be therapeutic targets for treating C. albicans infection in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandra Escós
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Fajardo
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego González-Romero
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Díaz-Mora
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Risco
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Del Fresno
- Immunobiology of Inflammation Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Dominguez-Andrés
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Aparicio
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafal Zur
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Shpiro
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit, Sir James Black Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gordon D Brown
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology at the University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Carlos Ardavín
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susana Alemany
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Risco A, Martin-Serrano MA, Barber DF, Cuenda A. p38γ and p38δ Are Involved in T Lymphocyte Development. Front Immunol 2018; 9:65. [PMID: 29434594 PMCID: PMC5796910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are essential regulators of the immune response. Particularly, p38γ and p38δ regulate many immune cell functions such as cytokine production, migration, or T cell activation; however, their involvement in immune cell development is largely unknown. Here, we analysed the role of p38 MAPK isoforms p38γ and p38δ in T cell differentiation in the thymus and in lymph nodes, using mice deficient in p38γ, p38δ, or in both. We found that the T cell differentiation program in the thymus was affected at different stages in p38γ-, p38δ-, and p38γ/δ-deficient mice, and also peripheral T cell homaeostasis was compromised. Particularly, p38δ deletion affects different stages of early CD4−CD8− double-negative thymocyte development, whereas lack of p38γ favours thymocyte positive selection from CD4+CD8+ double-positive to CD4+ or CD8+ single-positive cells. Our results identify unreported functions for p38γ and p38δ in T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Risco
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martin-Serrano
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Meeusen B, Janssens V. Tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer: Emerging targets for therapeutic intervention and tumor stratification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:98-134. [PMID: 29031806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant protein phosphorylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, and in many cases a prerequisite to sustain tumor development and progression. Like protein kinases, protein phosphatases are key regulators of cell signaling. However, their contribution to aberrant signaling in cancer cells is overall less well appreciated, and therefore, their clinical potential remains largely unexploited. In this review, we provide an overview of tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer. Along their mechanisms of inactivation in defined cancer contexts, we give an overview of their functional roles in diverse signaling pathways that contribute to their tumor suppressive abilities. Finally, we discuss their emerging roles as predictive or prognostic markers, their potential as synthetic lethality targets, and the current feasibility of their reactivation with pharmacologic compounds as promising new cancer therapies. We conclude that their inclusion in clinical practice has obvious potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcome in various ways, and should now definitely be pushed forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bob Meeusen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cuenda A, Sanz-Ezquerro JJ. p38γ and p38δ: From Spectators to Key Physiological Players. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:431-442. [PMID: 28473179 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the physiological roles of p38γ and p38δ signalling pathways are largely unknown, new genetic and pharmacological tools are providing groundbreaking information on the function of these two stress-activated protein kinases. Recent studies show the importance of p38γ and p38δ in the regulation of processes as diverse as cytokine production, protein synthesis, exocytosis, cell migration, gene expression, and neuron activity, which have an acute impact on the development of pathologies related to inflammation, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. These recent breakthroughs are resolving some of the questions that have long been asked regarding the function of p38γ and p38δ in biology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan José Sanz-Ezquerro
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Senger K, Pham VC, Varfolomeev E, Hackney JA, Corzo CA, Collier J, Lau VWC, Huang Z, Hamidzhadeh K, Caplazi P, Peng I, Setiadi AF, Francis R, Paler-Martinez A, Kwon YC, Ramirez-Carrozzi V, Sun Y, Grigg PW, Roose-Girma M, Jeet S, Barck KH, Pham A, Ota N, Ha C, Stinson J, Guillory J, Tam L, Modrusan Z, Emson C, McKenzie BS, Townsend MJ, Carano RAD, Warming S, Vucic D, DeVoss J, Lee WP, Lill JR, Zarrin AA. The kinase TPL2 activates ERK and p38 signaling to promote neutrophilic inflammation. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/475/eaah4273. [PMID: 28420753 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aah4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2; also known as MAP3K8) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase (MAP3K) that phosphorylates the MAPK kinases MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2), which, in turn, activate the MAPKs extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 (ERK1/2) in macrophages stimulated through the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), or the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR). We describe a conserved and critical role for TPL2 in mediating the effector functions of neutrophils through the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Gene expression profiling and functional studies of neutrophils and monocytes revealed a MEK1/2-independent branch point downstream of TPL2 in neutrophils. Biochemical analyses identified the MAPK kinases MEK3 and MEK6 and the MAPKs p38α and p38δ as downstream effectors of TPL2 in these cells. Genetic ablation of the catalytic activity of TPL2 or therapeutic intervention with a TPL2-specific inhibitor reduced the production of inflammatory mediators by neutrophils in response to stimulation with the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, as well as in rodent models of inflammatory disease. Together, these data suggest that TPL2 is a drug target that activates not only MEK1/2-dependent but also MEK3/6-dependent signaling to promote inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Senger
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Victoria C Pham
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Eugene Varfolomeev
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jason A Hackney
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Cesar A Corzo
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jenna Collier
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Vivian W C Lau
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Kajal Hamidzhadeh
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Patrick Caplazi
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ivan Peng
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - A Francesca Setiadi
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ross Francis
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Youngsu C Kwon
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Yonglian Sun
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Patricia W Grigg
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Merone Roose-Girma
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Surinder Jeet
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Kai H Barck
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Anna Pham
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Naruhisa Ota
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Connie Ha
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeremy Stinson
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Joseph Guillory
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Lucinda Tam
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Claire Emson
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Brent S McKenzie
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Michael J Townsend
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Richard A D Carano
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Søren Warming
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jason DeVoss
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wyne P Lee
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jennie R Lill
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ali A Zarrin
- Genentech Research, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zou X, Blank M. Targeting p38 MAP kinase signaling in cancer through post-translational modifications. Cancer Lett 2016; 384:19-26. [PMID: 27725227 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The p38 MAPK signaling pathway is a key signal transduction cascade that cancer cells employ to sense and adapt to a plethora of environmental stimuli, and has attracted much attention as a promising target for cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests a dual role of p38 signaling in various types of cancers, wherein the p38 pathway can both suppress and promote tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. This dual role of p38 signaling, along with its context dependence and versatility, poses a great challenge for developing efficient anticancer treatment. An increasing number of studies showed that p38 signaling is subject to regulation by a variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Recently, large-scale proteomics profilings have identified a large number of PTMs on key components of the p38 pathway. However, the majority of these modifications and their biological significance in cancer remain uncharacterized. In this review, we highlight a series of studies that focus on the PTMs in the p38 cascade landscape, and discuss the complexity and implications of these PTMs in p38 MAPK signaling regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Michael Blank
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Heat Shock Factor 1 Is a Substrate for p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2403-17. [PMID: 27354066 PMCID: PMC5007788 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00292-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) monitors the structural integrity of the proteome. Phosphorylation at S326 is a hallmark for HSF1 activation, but the identity of the kinase(s) phosphorylating this site has remained elusive. We show here that the dietary agent phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) inhibits heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), the main negative regulator of HSF1; activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); and increases S326 phosphorylation, trimerization, and nuclear translocation of HSF1, and the transcription of a luciferase reporter, as well as the endogenous prototypic HSF1 target Hsp70. In vitro, all members of the p38 MAPK family rapidly and stoichiometrically catalyze the S326 phosphorylation. The use of stable knockdown cell lines and inhibitors indicated that among the p38 MAPKs, p38γ is the principal isoform responsible for the phosphorylation of HSF1 at S326 in cells. A protease-mass spectrometry approach confirmed S326 phosphorylation and unexpectedly revealed that p38 MAPK also catalyzes the phosphorylation of HSF1 at S303/307, previously known repressive posttranslational modifications. Thus, we have identified p38 MAPKs as highly efficient catalysts for the phosphorylation of HSF1. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the magnitude and persistence of activation of p38 MAPK are important determinants of the extent and duration of the heat shock response.
Collapse
|
50
|
Saba-El-Leil MK, Frémin C, Meloche S. Redundancy in the World of MAP Kinases: All for One. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:67. [PMID: 27446918 PMCID: PMC4921452 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2 are the effector components of the prototypical ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. This signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, and is essential for embryonic development and cellular homeostasis. ERK1 and ERK2 homologs share similar biochemical properties but whether they exert specific physiological functions or act redundantly has been a matter of controversy. However, recent studies now provide compelling evidence in support of functionally redundant roles of ERK1 and ERK2 in embryonic development and physiology. In this review, we present a critical assessment of the evidence for the functional specificity or redundancy of MAP kinase isoforms. We focus on the ERK1/ERK2 pathway but also discuss the case of JNK and p38 isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc K Saba-El-Leil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Frémin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada; Institute for Research in Cancer of MontpellierMontpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|