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Li Y, Lyu L, Ding H. The potential roles of gut microbiome in porto-sinusoidal vascular disease: an under-researched crossroad. Front Microbiol 2025; 16:1556667. [PMID: 40099185 PMCID: PMC11911366 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1556667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with liver diseases exhibit distinct microbiological profiles, which can be attributed to the bidirectional relationship of the gut-liver axis. Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) has recently been introduced to describe a group of vascular diseases of the liver, involving the portal venules and sinusoids. Although the pathophysiology of PSVD is not yet fully understood, several predisposing conditions, including immunodeficiency, inflammatory bowel disease, abdominal bacterial infections are associated with the increasing in intestinal permeability and microbial translocation, supporting the role of altered gut microbiota and gut-derived endotoxins in PSVD etiopathogenesis. Recent studies have proposed that the gut microbiome may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of intrahepatic vascular lesions, potentially influencing the onset and progression of PSVD in this context. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the gut microbiome's potential role in the pathogenesis of hepatic microvascular abnormalities and thrombosis, and to briefly describe their interactions with PSVD. The insights into gut microbiota and their potential influence on the onset and progression of PSVD may pave the way for new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Soranno DE, Coopersmith CM, Brinkworth JF, Factora FNF, Muntean JH, Mythen MG, Raphael J, Shaw AD, Vachharajani V, Messer JS. A review of gut failure as a cause and consequence of critical illness. Crit Care 2025; 29:91. [PMID: 40011975 PMCID: PMC11866815 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-025-05309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
In critical illness, all elements of gut function are perturbed. Dysbiosis develops as the gut microbial community loses taxonomic diversity and new virulence factors appear. Intestinal permeability increases, allowing for translocation of bacteria and/or bacterial products. Epithelial function is altered at a cellular level and homeostasis of the epithelial monolayer is compromised by increased intestinal epithelial cell death and decreased proliferation. Gut immunity is impaired with simultaneous activation of maladaptive pro- and anti-inflammatory signals leading to both tissue damage and susceptibility to infections. Additionally, splanchnic vasoconstriction leads to decreased blood flow with local ischemic changes. Together, these interrelated elements of gastrointestinal dysfunction drive and then perpetuate multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. Despite the clear importance of maintaining gut homeostasis, there are very few reliable measures of gut function in critical illness. Further, while multiple therapeutic strategies have been proposed, most have not been shown to conclusively demonstrate benefit, and care is still largely supportive. The key role of the gut in critical illness was the subject of the tenth Perioperative Quality Initiative meeting, a conference to summarize the current state of the literature and identify key knowledge gaps for future study. This review is the product of that conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Soranno
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Craig M Coopersmith
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica F Brinkworth
- Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Faith N F Factora
- Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Julia H Muntean
- Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Monty G Mythen
- Perioperative Medicine, University College London, London, England
| | - Jacob Raphael
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Shaw
- Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeannette S Messer
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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3
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Chen L, Xie L, Wang L, Zhan X, Zhuo Z, Jiang S, Miao L, Zhang X, Zheng W, Liu TM, He J, Liu Y. Patchoulene epoxide mitigates colitis and hepatic damage induced by dextran sulfate sodium by regulating the colonic microbiota and purine metabolism. Front Immunol 2025; 16:1509114. [PMID: 40028318 PMCID: PMC11868103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1509114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is often characterized by dysbiosis of the colonic microbiota and metabolic disturbances, which can lead to liver damage. Patchoulene epoxide (PAO), a tricyclic sesquiterpene derived from the aged essential oil of Pogostemonis Herba, is known for its anti-inflammatory and ulcer-healing properties. However, its dual protective role against UC and liver injury remains largely unexplored. This study aims to elucidate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of PAO against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC and liver injury in mice. Methods Colitis and liver injury in mice were induced by adding 3% DSS to their drinking water continuously for 7 days, and PAO at the doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg was administered orally to mice daily from the first day until the experimental endpoint. Stool consistency scores, blood stool scores, and body weights were recorded weekly. Disease activity index (DAI) was determined before necropsy, where colon and liver tissues were collected for biochemical analyses. Additionally, the fecal microbiome and its metabolites of treated mice were characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and metabolomics. Results PAO significantly reduced the disease activity index and mitigated colonic atrophy in UC mice. It also improved colonic and hepatic pathological changes by safeguarding tight and adherens junctions, and suppressing the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. These beneficial effects were attributed to PAO's capability to regulate the colonic microbiota and metabolic processes. PAO was found to enhance the diversity of the colonic microbiota and to shift the microbial balance in UC mice. Specifically, it restored the microbiota from an Akkermansia-dominated state, characteristic of UC, to a healthier Muribaculaceae-dominated composition. Furthermore, PAO corrected the colon metabolic disturbance in UC mice by modulating the purine metabolism, notably increasing the abundance of deoxyadenosine, adenosine and guanine in UC mice. Conclusions The therapeutic effect of PAO on UC and liver injury was mainly attributed to its regulation of colonic microbiota and purine metabolism. These insights emphasize the overall therapeutic benefits of PAO in treating UC and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xueli Zhan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjian Zhuo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susu Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Miao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiming Zheng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Nesci A, Ruggieri V, Manilla V, Spinelli I, Santoro L, Di Giorgio A, Santoliquido A, Ponziani FR. Endothelial Dysfunction and Liver Cirrhosis: Unraveling of a Complex Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12859. [PMID: 39684569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is the in the background of multiple metabolic diseases and a key process in liver disease progression and cirrhosis decompensation. ED affects liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in response to different damaging agents, causing their progressive dedifferentiation, unavoidably associated with an increase in intrahepatic resistance that leads to portal hypertension and hyperdynamic circulation with increased cardiac output and low peripheral artery resistance. These changes are driven by a continuous interplay between different hepatic cell types, invariably leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, with a subsequent loss of proper vascular tone regulation and fibrosis development. ED evaluation is often accomplished by serum markers and the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurement of the brachial artery to assess its NO-dependent response to shear stress, which usually decreases in ED. In the context of liver cirrhosis, the ED assessment could help understand the complex hemodynamic changes occurring in the early and late stages of the disease. However, the instauration of a hyperdynamic state and the different NO bioavailability in intrahepatic and systemic circulation-often defined as the NO paradox-must be considered confounding factors during FMD analysis. The primary purpose of this review is to describe the main features of ED and highlight the key findings of the dynamic and intriguing relationship between ED and liver disease. We will also focus on the significance of FMD evaluation in this setting, pointing out its key role as a therapeutic target in the never-ending battle against liver cirrhosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nesci
- Angiology and Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Ruggieri
- Angiology and Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Manilla
- Liver Unit, CEMAD-Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Spinelli
- Liver Unit, CEMAD-Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Santoro
- Angiology and Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giorgio
- Angiology and Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Santoliquido
- Angiology and Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Liver Unit, CEMAD-Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Lemos FS, Prins CA, Martinez AMB, Carpi-Santos R, Neumann AS, Meireles-da-Costa N, Luisetto R, de Mello-Coelho V, Oliveira FL. UHT Cow's Milk Supplementation Affects Cell Niches and Functions of the Gut-Brain Axis in BALB/c Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2448. [PMID: 39595015 PMCID: PMC11591918 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Revised: 10/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Cow's milk is a bioactive cocktail with essential nutritional factors that is widely consumed during early childhood development. However, it has been associated with allergic responses and immune cell activation. Here, we investigate whether cow's milk consumption regulates gut-brain axis functions and affects patterns of behaviors in BALB/c mice, previously described by present low sociability, significant stereotypes, and restricted interest features. The major objectives consist of to investigate cow's milk supplementation as possible triggers interfering with cellular niches of the gut-brain axis and behavioral patterns. METHODS Male BALB/c at 6 weeks were randomly divided into two groups, one supplemented with cow's milk processed at ultra-high temperature (UHT) and another group receiving water (controls) three times per day (200 μL per dose) for one week. RESULTS Milk consumption disturbed histological compartments of the small intestine, including niches of KI67+-proliferating cells and CD138+ Ig-secreting plasma cells. In the liver, milk intake was associated with pro-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and atypical glycogen distribution. Milk-supplemented mice showed significant increase in granulocytes (CD11b+SSChigh cells) and CD4+ T cells in the blood. These mice also had neuroinflammatory signals, including an enhanced number of cortical Iba-1+ microglial cells in the brain and significant cerebellar expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 by Purkinje cells. These phenotypes and tissue disorders in milk-supplemented mice were associated with atypical behaviors, including low sociability, high restricted interest, and severe stereotypies. Moreover, synaptic niches were also disturbed after milk consumption, and Shank-3+ and Drebrin+ post-synaptic cells were significantly reduced in the brain of these mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest that milk consumption interfered with the gut-brain axis in BALB/c mice and increased atypical behaviors, at least in part, linked to synapse dysfunctions, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe S. Lemos
- Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Caio A. Prins
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (C.A.P.); (A.M.B.M.)
| | - Ana M. B. Martinez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (C.A.P.); (A.M.B.M.)
| | - Raul Carpi-Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (R.C.-S.); (A.S.N.); (V.d.M.-C.)
| | - Arthur S. Neumann
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (R.C.-S.); (A.S.N.); (V.d.M.-C.)
| | - Nathalia Meireles-da-Costa
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Luisetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35124 Padova, Italy;
| | - Valeria de Mello-Coelho
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (R.C.-S.); (A.S.N.); (V.d.M.-C.)
| | - Felipe L. Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (R.C.-S.); (A.S.N.); (V.d.M.-C.)
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Gao L, Zhang L, Wang J. Study on the Protective Effect and Mechanism of Umbilicaria esculenta Polysaccharide in DSS-Induced Mice Colitis and Secondary Liver Injury. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10923-10935. [PMID: 38691832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the ameliorative effects and potential mechanisms of Huangshan Umbilicaria esculenta polysaccharide (UEP) in dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute ulcerative colitis (UC) and UC secondary liver injury (SLI). Results showed that UEP could ameliorate both colon and liver pathologic injuries, upregulate mouse intestinal tight junction proteins (TJs) and MUC2 expression, and reduce LPS exposure, thereby attenuating the effects of the gut-liver axis. Importantly, UEP significantly downregulated the secretion levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway to increase the expression levels of SOD and GSH-Px. In vitro, UEP inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB P65 and promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in RAW264.7 cells. These results revealed that UEP ameliorated UC and SLI through NF-κB and Nrf2-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress. The study first investigated the anticolitis effect of UEP, suggesting its potential for the treatment of colitis and colitis-associated liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Li Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
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Preuß B, Frank A, Terjung B, Spengler U, Berg C, Klein R. Autoantibodies to beta tubulin in autoimmune liver diseases-Relation to pANCA and clinical relevance. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:146-158. [PMID: 37823420 PMCID: PMC11036111 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There was evidence that perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) in autoimmune liver diseases react with human beta-tubulin-5 (TBB5). Here, we reevaluate the specificity and clinical relevance of anti-TBB5 antibodies. Patients with untreated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH; n = 53), AIH under immunosuppressive therapy (AIH-IS; n = 125), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC; n = 40), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC; n = 250), nonautoimmune liver diseases (n = 158), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; n = 30), and healthy individuals (n = 62) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgG- and IgA-antibodies against recombinant human TBB5. pANCA were detected by immunofluorescence test. Sera were absorbed with TBB5 coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated sepharose. Prevalence and reactivity of IgG anti-TBB5 were significantly higher in patients with untreated AIH (68%; arbitrary units [AU] median: 369) than in PSC (28%; AU median: 84, P < 0.001), other liver diseases (14%; AU median: 185, P < 0.0001), IBD (3%; AU median: 111, P < 0.0001), and healthy controls (3%; AU median: 135; P < 0.0001). Anti-TBB5 did not correlate with pANCA, and immunoprecipitation with TBB5 did not abolish pANCA reactivity. In untreated AIH, anti-TBB5-reactivity was significantly higher than in AIH-IS. Transaminases decreased under IS preferentially in anti-TBB5-negative patients. There was no correlation between anti-TBB5-reactivity and histological stages. IgA-anti-TBB5 was mainly found in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD; 39%). Our data do not support TBB5 as an autoantigenic target of pANCA. However, IgG-anti-TBB5 showed high specificity for (untreated) AIH. While they did not correlate with histological and laboratory parameters, their presence may indicate a poor response to IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Preuß
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Amelie Frank
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Terjung
- Department of Gastroenterology, GFO Kliniken Bonn, St. Josef Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nephrology, Infectious Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Berg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Infectiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Reinhild Klein
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Wu X, Zhang Y, Zheng D, Yin Y, Peng M, Wang J, Zhu X. Prediction of the mechanisms of action of Qutan Huoxue decoction in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a network pharmacology study and experimental validation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:520-530. [PMID: 36908041 PMCID: PMC10013566 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2182892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Qutan Huoxue decoction (QTHX) is used to treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with good efficacy in the clinic. However, the mechanism is not clear yet. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the mechanism of QTHX in the treatment of NASH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Potential pathways of QTHX were predicted by network pharmacology. Fourty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (half normal diet, half high-fat diet) were fed six to eight weeks, primary hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were extracted and co-cultured by the 0.4-micron trans well culture system. Then, the normal co-cultured cells were treated by normal serum, the NASH co-cultured cells were treated with various concentrations of QTHX-containing serum (0, 5, 7.5 or 10 μg/mL) for 24 h. The expression of targets were measured with Activity Fluorometric Assay, Western blot and PCR assay. RESULTS Network pharmacology indicated that liver-protective effect of QTHX was associated with its anti-inflammation response, oxidative stress, and lipid receptor signalling. 10 μg/mL QTHX significantly reduced the inflammation response and lipid levels in primary hepatocytes (ALT: 46.43 ± 2.76 U/L, AST: 13.96 ± 1.08 U/L, TG: 0.25 ± 0.01 mmol/L, TC: 0.14 ± 0.05 mmol/L), comparing with 0 μg/mL NASH group (ALT: 148 ± 9.22 U/L, AST: 53.02 ± 2.30 U/L, TG: 0.74 ± 0.07 mmol/L, TC: 0.91 ± 0.07 mmol/L) (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, QTHX increased expression of SOCS1 and decreased expression of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS The study suggested that QTHX treats NASH in rats by activating the SCOS1/NF-κB/TLR4 pathway, suggesting QTHX could be further developed as a potential liver-protecting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ding Zheng
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhu
- Hepatobiliary Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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9
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Kaden T, Graf K, Rennert K, Li R, Mosig AS, Raasch M. Evaluation of drug-induced liver toxicity of trovafloxacin and levofloxacin in a human microphysiological liver model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13338. [PMID: 37587168 PMCID: PMC10432496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury induced by already approved substances is a major threat to human patients, potentially resulting in drug withdrawal and substantial loss of financial resources in the pharmaceutical industry. Trovafloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, was found to have unexpected side effects of severe hepatotoxicity, which was not detected by preclinical testing. To address the limitations of current drug testing strategies mainly involving 2D cell cultures and animal testing, a three-dimensional microphysiological model of the human liver containing expandable human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, monocyte-derived macrophages and differentiated HepaRG cells was utilized to investigate the toxicity of trovafloxacin and compared it to the structurally-related non-toxic drug levofloxacin. In the model, trovafloxacin elicited vascular and hepatocellular toxicity associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine release already at clinically relevant concentrations, whereas levofloxacin did not provoke tissue injury. Similar to in vivo, cytokine secretion was dependent on a multicellular immune response, highlighting the potential of the complex microphysiological liver model for reliably detecting drug-related cytotoxicity in preclinical testing. Moreover, hepatic glutathione depletion and mitochondrial ROS formation were elucidated as intrinsic toxicity mechanisms contributing to trovafloxacin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kaden
- Dynamic42 GmbH, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Ruoya Li
- Biopredic International, St Gregoire, France
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Wang J, Sun Z, Xie J, Ji W, Cui Y, Ai Z, Liang G. Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150879. [PMID: 36969233 PMCID: PMC10030845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are the four main forms of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), which are all defined by an aberrant immune system attack on the liver. Most previous studies have shown that apoptosis and necrosis are the two major modes of hepatocyte death in AILDs. Recent studies have reported that inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is critical for the inflammatory response and severity of liver injury in AILDs. This review summarizes our present understanding of inflammasome activation and function, as well as the connections among inflammasomes, pyroptosis, and AILDs, thus highlighting the shared features across the four disease models and gaps in our knowledge. In addition, we summarize the correlation among NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver-gut axis, liver injury, and intestinal barrier disruption in PBC and PSC. We summarize the differences in microbial and metabolic characteristics between PSC and IgG4-SC, and highlight the uniqueness of IgG4-SC. We explore the different roles of NLRP3 in acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury, as well as the complex and controversial crosstalk between various types of cell death in AILDs. We also discuss the most up-to-date developments in inflammasome- and pyroptosis-targeted medicines for autoimmune liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Wang
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jingri Xie
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wanli Ji
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Cui
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zongxiong Ai
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoying Liang, ; Zongxiong Ai,
| | - Guoying Liang
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoying Liang, ; Zongxiong Ai,
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11
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Kasztelan-Szczerbinska B, Rycyk-Bojarzynska A, Szczerbinska A, Cichoz-Lach H. Selected Aspects of the Intricate Background of Immune-Related Cholangiopathies-A Critical Overview. Nutrients 2023; 15:760. [PMID: 36771465 PMCID: PMC9921714 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are rare immune-related cholangiopathies with still poorly explained pathogenesis. Although triggers of chronic inflammation with subsequent fibrosis that affect cholangiocytes leading to obliteration of bile ducts and conversion to liver cirrhosis are unclear, both disorders are regarded to be multifactorial. Different factors can contribute to the development of hepatocellular injury in the course of progressive cholestasis, including (1) body accumulation of bile acids and their toxicity, (2) decreased food intake and nutrient absorption, (3) gut microbiota transformation, and (4) reorganized host metabolism. Growing evidence suggests that intestinal microbiome composition not only can be altered by liver dysfunction, but in turn, it actively impacts hepatic conditions. In this review, we highlight the role of key factors such as the gut-liver axis, intestinal barrier integrity, bile acid synthesis and circulation, and microbiome composition, which seem to be strongly related to PBC and PSC outcome. Emerging treatments and future therapeutic strategies are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kasztelan-Szczerbinska
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Rycyk-Bojarzynska
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Halina Cichoz-Lach
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 8 Jaczewski Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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12
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Alabbas SY, Giri R, Oancea I, Davies J, Schreibner V, Florin TH, Begun J. Gut inflammation and adaptive immunity amplify acetaminophen toxicity in bowel and liver. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:609-618. [PMID: 36598244 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Prevention of liver failure arising from accidental or deliberate paracetamol (acetaminophen [APAP]) overdose remains a vexed health problem despite well-publicized guidelines for its early detection and treatment. It is recognized that the gut may aggravate liver pathology, via the gut-liver axis. The main aim of this study was to assess the role of the colon in APAP-induced liver toxicity. METHODS Liver necrosis and colitis were studied following sublethal doses of APAP administered intraperitoneally to C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) mice, as well as to C57Bl/6 Winnie mice, which develop a spontaneous colitis caused by a SNP in Muc2, and WT mice with acute DSS-induced colitis. Repeated APAP exposure was studied in WT and Rag1 ko mice that lack mature T and B lymphocytes. RESULTS APAP overdose resulted in significant colonic injury in WT mice (P < 0.05), which resolved by 24 h. Underlying colitis was not associated with liver necrosis, but colitis exacerbated APAP-induced liver injury and extended APAP-colonic injury. Prior APAP exposure exacerbated both APAP-liver and APAP-colonic injury more so in WT than Rag1 ko mice. APAP impaired barrier function with increased intestinal permeability and associated bacterial translocation to the liver and spleen in mice with the Winnie phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies novel roles for APAP in causing colitis, the amplification of APAP-liver toxicity where there is underlying colitis, and involvement of immune memory in APAP-toxicity. The latter could be key for decoding the poorly understood but important clinical entity of chronic APAP liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Y Alabbas
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rabina Giri
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Iulia Oancea
- Medical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Julie Davies
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Veronika Schreibner
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Timothy H Florin
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Australia
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Candida Administration in 5/6 Nephrectomized Mice Enhanced Fibrosis in Internal Organs: An Impact of Lipopolysaccharide and (1→3)-β-D-Glucan from Leaky Gut. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415987. [PMID: 36555628 PMCID: PMC9784901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uremic toxins and gut dysbiosis in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) can induce gut leakage, causing the translocation of gut microbial molecules into the systemic circulation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) are the major gut microbial molecules of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, respectively, and can induce inflammation in several organs. Here, the fibrosis in the kidney, liver, and heart was investigated in oral C. albicans-administered 5/6 nephrectomized (Candida-5/6 Nx) mice. At 20 weeks post 5/6 Nx, Candida-5/6 Nx mice demonstrated increased 24 h proteinuria, liver enzymes, and serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), but not weight loss, systolic blood pressure, hematocrit, serum creatinine, or gut-derived uremic toxins (TMAO and indoxyl sulfate), compared to in 5/6 Nx alone. The gut leakage in Candida-5/6 Nx was more severe, as indicated by FITC-dextran assay, endotoxemia, and serum BG. The areas of fibrosis from histopathology, along with the upregulated gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and Dectin-1, the receptors for LPS and BG, respectively, were higher in the kidney, liver, and heart. In vitro, LPS combined with BG increased the supernatant IL-6 and TNF-α, upregulated the genes of pro-inflammation and pro-fibrotic processes, Dectin-1, and TLR-4 in renal tubular (HK-2) cells and hepatocytes (HepG2), when compared with LPS or BG alone. This supported the pro-inflammation-induced fibrosis and the possible LPS-BG additive effects on kidney and liver fibrosis. In conclusion, uremia-induced leaky gut causes the translocation of gut LPS and BG into circulation, which activates the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways, causing internal organ fibrosis. Our results support the crosstalk among several organs in CKD through a leaky gut.
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14
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Liu Y. Signature of gene expression profile of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:946566. [PMID: 36211451 PMCID: PMC9533023 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.946566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There has been emerging evidence that liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study aims to figure out the signature of the gene expression profile of LSECs in NASH and to explore potential biomarkers related to damaged LSECs in NASH.Methods and materials: Animal experiments were performed to demonstrate the significant structural damage of LSECs in the NASH model. To further understand the functional changes of these damaged LSECs in NASH, we used the public GEO database that contained microarray data for the gene expression of LSECs in NASH and normal mouse liver. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed, and further Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to understand the functional changes. The hub genes were then identified and validated via external GEO databases.Results: There was significant structural damage to LSECs in the NASH model, accompanied by remarkable functional changes of LSECs with 174 DEGs (156 upregulated and 18 downregulated genes). The functions of these DEGs were mainly enriched in the inflammatory reactions and immune responses. Nine specifically expressed hub genes were identified. Among them, CCL4 and ITGAX showed the most significant correlation with NASH, with AUROC of 0.77 and 0.86, respectively. The protein–protein interaction network, mRNA–miRNA interaction network, and ceRNA network were further predicted.Conclusion: LSECs show significant structural damage and functional changes in NASH. The LSEC-related DEGs, such as CCL4 and ITGAX, might be promising biomarkers as well as potential treatment targets for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Wang, ; Yulan Liu,
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Wang, ; Yulan Liu,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The 'gut-liver axis' is thought to play an important role in pathogenesis of sepsis. Despite a wealth of experimental data to support the concept of reciprocal crosstalk between gut and liver through bacterial translocation and shaping of the microbiome by liver-derived molecules, for example bile acids, clinical data, and in particular diagnostic and therapeutic options, are limited. RECENT FINDINGS Assessment of organ failure in the current definition of sepsis is operationalized by means of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, including exclusively bilirubin to reflect the complex functions of the liver but ignoring the gut. However, our understanding of the intestinal microbiome and how it is affected by critical illness has clearly improved. Microbiota maintain gut-barrier function and modulate the innate and adaptive immune system. The best-defined intervention affecting the gut microbiome, that is selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) is clinically studied regarding prevention of nosocomial lung infection and antibiotic resistance patterns, although its impact on liver function has not been systematically evaluated in critical illness. SUMMARY Characterization of liver function beyond bilirubin and the microbiome can be achieved with contemporary sequencing and metabolomic techniques. Such studies are essential to understand how gut-liver crosstalk and 'dysbiosis' affect susceptibility to and outcome of sepsis.
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Huang X, Gao Y, Cao H, Li J, Mo S, Li T, Wu J, Guo K, Wei R, Zhang K. Effects of scoparone on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease revealed by RNA sequencing. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1004284. [PMID: 36157436 PMCID: PMC9500212 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1004284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scoparone (SCO) is known to have curative effect of alleviating liver injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of SCO against high-fat diet (HFD) induced non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) through in vivo experiments and RNA sequencing. Male Kunming mice were fed with HFD for 8 weeks to establish a mouse model of NAFLD, and SCO was used to treat NAFLD. Histopathology and biochemical indicators were used to evaluate the liver injury and the efficacy of SCO. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of SCO. Finally, the differentially expressed genes of cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid (triglyceride) synthesis pathways were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The histopathological results showed that HFD could lead to significant steatosis in mice, while SCO could alleviate liver steatosis remarkably in NAFLD mice. The determination of biochemical indicators showed that SCO could inhibit the increased serum transaminase activity and liver lipid level induced by HFD. RNA sequencing analysis of liver tissues found that 2742 and 3663 genes were significantly changed by HFD and SCO, respectively. SCO reversed the most of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid (triglyceride) metabolism induced by HFD. the results of the validation experiment were mostly consistent with the RNA sequencing. SCO alleviated liver injury and steatosis in NAFLD mice, which may be closely related to the regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid (triglyceride) metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Huang
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Houkang Cao
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siyi Mo
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jianzhao Wu
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Riming Wei
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Riming Wei, ; Kefeng Zhang,
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Riming Wei, ; Kefeng Zhang,
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Wang Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ke Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Patients With IBD Receiving Methotrexate Are at Higher Risk of Liver Injury Compared With Patients With Non-IBD Diseases: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:774824. [PMID: 34881269 PMCID: PMC8645797 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.774824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Methotrexate is well-known in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis (Ps), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Several reports have indicated a higher incidence of methotrexate (MTX)-related liver adverse events in patients with IBD. We aim to investigate the risk of liver injury in patients with IBD and those with non-IBD diseases treated with MTX. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for articles that reported liver adverse events in patients with IBD, RA, and Ps/PsA, receiving MTX therapy. Additional articles were obtained by screening the references of recent meta-analysis and reviews. Raw data from included articles were pooled to calculate the cumulative incidence of total liver injury (TLI), MTX discontinuation (MTX-D), and liver fibrosis (LF). RR (relative risk) was calculated to compare the difference between patients with IBD and those with non-IBD diseases. Results: A total of 326 articles with 128,876 patients were included. The patients with IBD had higher incidence of TLI [11.2 vs. 9.2%; relative risk (RR) = 1.22; P = 0.224] and MTX-D (2.6 vs. 1.8%; RR, 1.48; P = 0.089) than patients with non-IBD diseases. Due to the publication bias, trim-and-fill was performed. Afterwards, the patients with IBD showed significantly higher risk of TLI (11.2 vs. 3%; RR = 3.76; p < 0.001), MTX-D (3.3 vs. 0.7%; RR = 5; p < 0.001) and LF (3.1 vs. 0.1%; RR = 38.62; P = 0.001) compared with patients with non-IBD diseases. Conclusion: IBD is associated with a higher risk of MTX-related liver injury. The mechanism of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity might be different in IBD and non-IBD diseases, and needs to be verified in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziliang Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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