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Wang C, Yang S, Huang X, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Zhao J, Li S, Savelkoul H, Jansen C, Liu G. TGF-β1 reduces the differentiation of porcine IgA-producing plasma cells by inducing IgM + B cells apoptosis via Bax/Bcl2-Caspase3 pathway. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23180. [PMID: 37738038 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300824rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) performs a critical role in maintaining homeostasis of intestinal mucosa regulation and controls the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of many immune cells. In this study, we discovered that the infection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a coronavirus, upregulated TGF-β1 expression via activating Tregs. Besides, recombinant porcine TGF-β1 decreased the percentage of CD21+ B cells within the lymphocyte population in vitro. We further found that TGF-β1 reduced the IgA-secreting B cell numbers and also inhibited plasma cell differentiation. Additional investigations revealed that TGF-β1 induced the apoptosis of IgM+ B cells in both peyer's patches (PPs) and peripheral blood (PB) through the activation of the Bax/Bcl2-Caspase3 pathway. Conversely, the application of the TGF-β1 signaling inhibitor SB431542 significantly antagonized the TGF-β1-induced reduction of IgA secretion and B cell apoptosis and restored plasma cell differentiation. Collectively, TGF-β1 plays an important role in regulating the survival and differentiation of porcine IgA-secreting B cells through the classical mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. These findings will facilitate future mucosal vaccine designs that target the regulation of TGF-β1 for the control of enteric pathogens in the pig industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Shanshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Maolin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huub Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christine Jansen
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Guangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
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2
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Yang H, Zhang P, Wang Q, Cheng K, Zhao Y. The research development of STAT3 in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1066222. [PMID: 36761734 PMCID: PMC9902876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1066222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common complication of surgery, which can cause rapid deterioration of the liver function, increase the risk of graft rejection, and seriously affect the prognosis of patients. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein has been implicated in pathogenesis of IRI. STAT3 influences the mitochondria through multiple pathways and is also involved in apoptosis and other forms of programmed cell death. STAT3 is associated with Janus kinase (JAK), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in liver IRI. The STAT3 pathway plays a dual role in IRI as it can also regulate lipid metabolism which may have potential for treating IRI fatty liver. In this review, we summarize research on the function of STAT3 in liver IRI to provide references for its application in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yujun Zhao
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Comission, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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3
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Zhang J, Shen Y, Yang G, Sun J, Tang C, Liang H, Ma J, Wu X, Cao H, Wu M, Ding Y, Li M, Liu Z, Ge L. Commensal microbiota modulates phenotypic characteristics and gene expression in piglet Peyer's patches. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1084332. [PMID: 37035673 PMCID: PMC10073539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1084332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract contains a complex microbial community. Peyer's patches (PPs) play an important role in inducing mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known about the effect of commensal microbiota on the host's PPs. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic-to-transcriptome changes in the intestine PPs of specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) piglets (fed in an environment with and without commensal microbiota, respectively) to elucidate the role of commensal microbiota in host intestine mucosal immunity. Analyses of anatomical and histological characteristics showed that commensal microbiota deficiency led to PP hypoplasia, especially regarding B and T cells. A total of 12,444 mRNAs were expressed in 12 libraries; 2,156 and 425 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were detected in the jejunal PP (JPP) and ileal PP (IPP), respectively (SPF vs. GF). The shared DE mRNAs of the JPP and IPP were mainly involved in basic physiological and metabolic processes, while the specific DE mRNAs were enriched in regulating immune cells in the JPP and microbial responses and cellular immunity in the IPP. Commensal microbiota significantly modulated the expression of genes related to B-cell functions, including activation, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, receptor signaling, germinal center formation, and IgA isotype class switching, particularly in the JPP. TLR4 pathway-related genes were induced in response to microbial colonization and in LPS/SCFA-treated B cells. We also detected 69 and 21 DE lncRNAs in the JPP and IPP, respectively, and four one-to-one lncRNA-mRNA pairs were identified. These findings might represent key regulatory axes for host intestine mucosal immunity development during microbial colonization. Overall, the findings of this study revealed that commensal microbiota modulated phenotypic characteristics and gene expression in the piglet intestine PPs and underscored the importance of early microbial colonization for host mucosal immunity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Yangling Food Engineering Innovation Center, Yangling, Shanxi, China
| | - Guitao Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoran Cao
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuchun Ding
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Liangpeng Ge,
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Papoutsopoulou S, Pollock L, Williams JM, Abdul-Mahdi MMLF, Dobbash R, Duckworth CA, Campbell BJ. Interleukin-10 Deficiency Impacts on TNF-Induced NFκB Regulated Responses In Vivo. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1377. [PMID: 36290283 PMCID: PMC9598475 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has a major protective role against intestinal inflammation. We recently revealed that intestinal epithelial cells in vitro regulate NFκB-driven transcriptional responses to TNF via an autocrine mechanism dependent on IL-10 secretion. Here in this study, we investigated the impact of IL-10 deficiency on the NFκB pathway and its downstream targets in the small intestinal mucosa in vivo. We observed dysregulation of TNF, IκBα, and A20 gene and protein expression in the small intestine of steady-state or TNF-injected Il10-/- mice, compared to wild-type C57BL6/J counterparts. Upon TNF injection, tissue from the small intestine showed upregulation of NFκB p65[RelA] activity, which was totally diminished in Il10-/- mice and correlated with reduced levels of TNF, IκBα, and A20 expression. In serum, whilst IgA levels were noted to be markedly downregulated in IL-10-deficient- mice, normal levels of mucosal IgA were seen in intestine mucosa. Importantly, dysregulated cytokine/chemokine levels were observed in both serum and intestinal tissue lysates from naïve, as well as TNF-injected Il10-/- mice. These data further support the importance of the IL-10-canonical NFκB signaling pathway axis in regulating intestinal mucosa homeostasis and response to inflammatory triggers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatia Papoutsopoulou
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Liam Pollock
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Williams
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Maya M. L. F. Abdul-Mahdi
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Reyhaneh Dobbash
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Carrie A. Duckworth
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Barry J. Campbell
- The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
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Porfiri L, Burtscher J, Kangethe RT, Verhovsek D, Cattoli G, Domig KJ, Wijewardana V. Irradiated Non-replicative Lactic Acid Bacteria Preserve Metabolic Activity While Exhibiting Diverse Immune Modulation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:859124. [PMID: 35664846 PMCID: PMC9158532 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.859124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the recent years, safety concerns regarding the administration of probiotics led to an increased interest in developing inactivated probiotics, also called “paraprobiotics”. Gamma irradiation represents a promising tool that can be used to produce safe paraprobiotics by inhibiting replication while preserving the structure, the metabolic activity, and the immunogenicity of bacteria. In this study, we evaluated the ability of four strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB: Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei) in preserving the metabolic activity and the immune modulation of swine porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, after gamma irradiation or heat inactivation. Our results show that all four strains retained the metabolic activity following gamma irradiation but not after heat inactivation. In terms of immune-modulatory capacity, irradiated L. acidophilus and Lc. paracasei were able to maintain an overall gene expression pattern similar to their live state, as heat inactivation did with Lc. casei. Moreover, we show that the two inactivation methods applied to the same strain can induce an opposed expression of key genes involved in pro-inflammatory response (e.g., IFNα and interleukin-6 for Lc. casei), whereas gamma irradiation of L. acidophilus and Lc. paracasei was able to induce a downregulation of the anti-inflammatory TGFβ. Taken together, our data show that immune modulation can be impacted not only by different inactivation methods but also by the strain of LAB selected. This study highlights that gamma irradiation harbors the potential to produce safe non-replicative metabolically active LAB and identifies immunomodulatory capacities that may be applied as vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Porfiri
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Burtscher
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard T. Kangethe
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Verhovsek
- VetFarm Medau, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Berndorf, Austria
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad J. Domig
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viskam Wijewardana
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Viskam Wijewardana
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Li Y, Yang S, Huang X, Yang N, Wang C, Zhao J, Jing Z, Willems L, Liu G. MyD88 Mediates Colitis- and RANKL-Induced Microfold Cell Differentiation. Vet Sci 2021; 9:vetsci9010006. [PMID: 35051090 PMCID: PMC8779303 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microfold (M) cells are critical for sampling antigens in the gut and initiating the intestinal mucosal immune response. In this study, we found that the oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and Salmonella infection induced colitis. In the process, the expression levels of M cell differentiation-related genes were synchronized with the kinetics of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, MyD88-/- mice exhibited significantly lower expression levels of M cell differentiation-related genes. However, DSS induced colitis in MyD88-/- mice but failed to promote the transcription of M cell differentiation related genes. Furthermore, the receptor activator of the Nuclear Factor-κB ligand (RANKL) upregulated the transcription of M cell differentiation related genes in murine intestinal organoids prepared from both WT and MyD88-/- mice. Meanwhile, fewer changes in M cell differentiation related genes were found in MyD88-/- mice as compared to WT mice. Hence, we concluded that myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is an essential molecule for colitis- and RANKL-related differentiation of M cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Shanshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 9101, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Caiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 9101, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zhizhong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
| | - Luc Willems
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Guangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (X.H.); (N.Y.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(931)834-2682; Fax: +86-(931)834-0977
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Shah AU, Li Y, Ouyang W, Wang Z, Zuo J, Shi S, Yu Q, Lin J, Yang Q. From nasal to basal: single-cell sequencing of the bursa of Fabricius highlights the IBDV infection mechanism in chickens. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:212. [PMID: 34915931 PMCID: PMC8675306 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chickens, important food animals and model organisms, are susceptible to many RNA viruses that invade via the nasal cavity. To determine the nasal entry site of the virus and clarify why avians are susceptible to RNA viruses, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was selected because it is a typical avian RNA virus that infects chickens mainly via the nasal route. RESULTS First, we found that IBDV infected the posterior part of the nasal cavity in chickens, which is rich in lymphoid tissue and allows the virus to be easily transferred to the blood. Via the blood circulation, IBDV infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and was transferred to the bursa of Fabricius to damage the IgM + B lymphocyte population. Subsequently, the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) results suggested the more detailed response of different bursal cell populations (B cells, epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and fibroblasts) to IBDV. Regarding B cells, IBDV infection greatly decreased the IgM + B cell population but increased the IgA + B cell population in the bursal follicles. In contrast to B cells, bursal epithelial cells, especially basal cells, accumulated a large number of IBDV particles. Furthermore, we found that both innate RNA sensors and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were highly expressed in the IBDV-infected groups, while dicer and ago2 expression was largely blocked by IBDV infection. This result suggests that dicer-related RNA interference (RNAi) might be an effective antiviral strategy for IBDV infection in avian. CONCLUSION Our study not only comprehensively elaborates on the transmission of airborne IBDV via the intranasal route and establishes the main target cell types for productive IBDV infection but also provides sufficient evidence to explain the cellular antiviral mechanism against IBDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah Shah
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjiao Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Shi
- Shanghai OE Biotech. Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201114, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
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8
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Herrera-Uribe J, Wiarda JE, Sivasankaran SK, Daharsh L, Liu H, Byrne KA, Smith TPL, Lunney JK, Loving CL, Tuggle CK. Reference Transcriptomes of Porcine Peripheral Immune Cells Created Through Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Front Genet 2021; 12:689406. [PMID: 34249103 PMCID: PMC8261551 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.689406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigs are a valuable human biomedical model and an important protein source supporting global food security. The transcriptomes of peripheral blood immune cells in pigs were defined at the bulk cell-type and single cell levels. First, eight cell types were isolated in bulk from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by cell sorting, representing Myeloid, NK cells and specific populations of T and B-cells. Transcriptomes for each bulk population of cells were generated by RNA-seq with 10,974 expressed genes detected. Pairwise comparisons between cell types revealed specific expression, while enrichment analysis identified 1,885 to 3,591 significantly enriched genes across all 8 cell types. Gene Ontology analysis for the top 25% of significantly enriched genes (SEG) showed high enrichment of biological processes related to the nature of each cell type. Comparison of gene expression indicated highly significant correlations between pig cells and corresponding human PBMC bulk RNA-seq data available in Haemopedia. Second, higher resolution of distinct cell populations was obtained by single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of PBMC. Seven PBMC samples were partitioned and sequenced that produced 28,810 single cell transcriptomes distributed across 36 clusters and classified into 13 general cell types including plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC), conventional DCs, monocytes, B-cell, conventional CD4 and CD8 αβ T-cells, NK cells, and γδ T-cells. Signature gene sets from the human Haemopedia data were assessed for relative enrichment in genes expressed in pig cells and integration of pig scRNA-seq with a public human scRNA-seq dataset provided further validation for similarity between human and pig data. The sorted porcine bulk RNAseq dataset informed classification of scRNA-seq PBMC populations; specifically, an integration of the datasets showed that the pig bulk RNAseq data helped define the CD4CD8 double-positive T-cell populations in the scRNA-seq data. Overall, the data provides deep and well-validated transcriptomic data from sorted PBMC populations and the first single-cell transcriptomic data for porcine PBMCs. This resource will be invaluable for annotation of pig genes controlling immunogenetic traits as part of the porcine Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) project, as well as further study of, and development of new reagents for, porcine immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juber Herrera-Uribe
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jayne E. Wiarda
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
- Immunobiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Agricultural Research Service Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Sathesh K. Sivasankaran
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
- Genome Informatics Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lance Daharsh
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Kristen A. Byrne
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Joan K. Lunney
- USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Crystal L. Loving
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
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