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Kim U, Kim DH, Oh DK, Shin HY, Lee CH. Gene Expression and Metabolome Analysis Reveals Anti-Inflammatory Impacts of 11,17diHDoPE on PM10-Induced Mouse Lung Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5360. [PMID: 38791399 PMCID: PMC11121355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins, the metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, are vital in regulating cell proliferation and inflammation. Among these oxylipins, specialized pro-resolving mediators notably contribute to inflammation resolution. Previously, we showed that the specialized pro-resolving mediators isomer 11,17dihydroxy docosapentaenoic acid (11,17diHDoPE) can be synthesized in bacterial cells and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in mammalian cells. This study investigates the in vivo impact of 11,17diHDoPE in mice exposed to particulate matter 10 (PM10). Our results indicate that 11,17diHDoPE significantly mitigates PM10-induced lung inflammation in mice, as evidenced by reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and pulmonary inflammation-related gene expression. Metabolomic analysis reveals that 11,17diHDoPE modulates inflammation-related metabolites such as threonine, 2-keto gluconic acid, butanoic acid, and methyl oleate in lung tissues. In addition, 11,17diHDoPE upregulates the LA-derived oxylipin pathway and downregulates arachidonic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxylipin pathways in serum. Correlation analyses between gene expression and metabolite changes suggest that 11,17diHDoPE alleviates inflammation by interfering with macrophage differentiation. These findings underscore the in vivo role of 11,17diHDoPE in reducing pulmonary inflammation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uijin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.K.); (D.-K.O.)
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.K.); (D.-K.O.)
| | - Ha Youn Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (D.-H.K.); (D.-K.O.)
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Luo L, Zhang W, You S, Cui X, Tu H, Yi Q, Wu J, Liu O. The role of epithelial cells in fibrosis: Mechanisms and treatment. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107144. [PMID: 38484858 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process that affects multiple organs and is considered one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in multiple diseases, resulting in an enormous disease burden. Current studies have focused on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which directly lead to imbalance in generation and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the role of epithelial cells in fibrosis. In some cases, epithelial cells are first exposed to external physicochemical stimuli that may directly drive collagen accumulation in the mesenchyme. In other cases, the source of stimulation is mainly immune cells and some cytokines, and epithelial cells are similarly altered in the process. In this review, we will focus on the multiple dynamic alterations involved in epithelial cells after injury and during fibrogenesis, discuss the association among them, and summarize some therapies targeting changed epithelial cells. Especially, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the key central step, which is closely linked to other biological behaviors. Meanwhile, we think studies on disruption of epithelial barrier, epithelial cell death and altered basal stem cell populations and stemness in fibrosis are not appreciated. We believe that therapies targeted epithelial cells can prevent the progress of fibrosis, but not reverse it. The epithelial cell targeting therapies will provide a wonderful preventive and delaying action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyi Luo
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyao You
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyan Cui
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Tu
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiao Yi
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Ousheng Liu
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Jia Q, Wang H, Wang Y, Xue W, Jiang Q, Wang J, Ning F, Zhu Z, Tian L. Investigation of the mechanism of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis: The role of lung microbiota dysbiosis and the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168948. [PMID: 38048996 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread manufacture of silica and its extensive use, and potential release of silica into the environment pose a serious human health hazard. Silicosis, a severe global public health issue, is caused by exposure to silica, leading to persistent inflammation and fibrosis of the lungs. The underlying pathogenic mechanisms of silicosis remain elusive. Lung microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the development of inflammation and fibrosis. However, limited information is currently available regarding the role of lung microbiota in silicosis. The study therefore is designed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the role of lung microbiota dysbiosis and establish a basis for future investigations into the potential mechanisms underlying silicosis. Here, the pathological and biochemical parameters were used to systematically assessed the degree of inflammation and fibrosis following silica exposure and treatment with combined antibiotics. The underlying mechanisms were studied via integrative multi-omics analyses of the transcriptome and microbiome. Analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA revealed dysbiosis of the microbial community in silicosis, characterized by a predominance of gram-negative bacteria. Exposure to silica has been shown to trigger lung inflammation and fibrosis, leading to an increased concentration of lipopolysaccharides in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Furthermore, Toll-like receptor 4 was identified as a key molecule in the lung microbiota dysbiosis associated with silica-induced lung fibrosis. All of these outcomes can be partially controlled through combined antibiotic administration. The study findings demonstrate that the dysbiosis of lung microbiota enhances silica-induced fibrosis associated with the lipopolysaccharides/Toll-like receptor 4 pathway and provided a promising target for therapeutic intervention of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenming Xue
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiyue Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fuao Ning
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Reinecke JB, Gross AC, Cam M, Garcia LJ, Cannon MV, Dries R, Gryder BE, Roberts RD. Aberrant activation of wound healing programs within the metastatic niche facilitates lung colonization by osteosarcoma cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.575008. [PMID: 38260361 PMCID: PMC10802507 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.575008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Lung metastasis is responsible for nearly all deaths caused by osteosarcoma, the most common pediatric bone tumor. How malignant bone cells coerce the lung microenvironment to support metastatic growth is unclear. This study delineates how osteosarcoma cells educate the lung microenvironment during metastatic progression. Experimental design Using single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), we characterized genome- and tissue-wide molecular changes induced within lung tissues by disseminated osteosarcoma cells in both immunocompetent murine models of metastasis and patient samples. We confirmed transcriptomic findings at the protein level and determined spatial relationships with multi-parameter immunofluorescence. We evaluated the ability of nintedanib to impair metastatic colonization and prevent osteosarcoma-induced education of the lung microenvironment in both immunocompetent murine osteosarcoma and immunodeficient human xenograft models. Results Osteosarcoma cells induced acute alveolar epithelial injury upon lung dissemination. scRNA-seq demonstrated that the surrounding lung stroma adopts a chronic, non-resolving wound-healing phenotype similar to that seen in other models of lung injury. Accordingly, metastasis-associated lung demonstrated marked fibrosis, likely due to the accumulation of pathogenic, pro-fibrotic, partially-differentiated epithelial intermediates. Inhibition of fibrotic pathways with nintedanib prevented metastatic progression in multiple murine and human xenograft models. Conclusions Our work demonstrates that osteosarcoma cells co-opt fibrosis to promote metastatic outgrowth. When harmonized with data from adult epithelial cancers, our results support a generalized model wherein aberrant mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are critical for promoting lung metastasis. Adult epithelial carcinomas induce fibrotic pathways in normal lung fibroblasts, whereas osteosarcoma, a pediatric mesenchymal tumor, exhibits fibrotic reprogramming in response to the aberrant wound-healing behaviors of an otherwise normal lung epithelium, which are induced by tumor cell interactions. Statement of translational relevance Therapies that block metastasis have the potential to save the majority of lives lost due to solid tumors. Disseminated tumor cells must educate the foreign, inhospitable microenvironments they encounter within secondary organs to facilitate metastatic colonization. Our study elucidated that disseminated osteosarcoma cells survive within the lung by co-opting and amplifying the lung's endogenous wound healing response program. More broadly, our results support a model wherein mesenchymal-epithelial cooperation is a key driver of lung metastasis. Osteosarcoma, a pediatric mesenchymal tumor, undergoes lung epithelial induced fibrotic activation while also transforming normal lung epithelial cells towards a fibrosis promoting phenotype. Conversely, adult epithelial carcinomas activate fibrotic signaling in normal lung mesenchymal fibroblasts. Our data implicates fibrosis and abnormal wound healing as key drivers of lung metastasis across multiple tumor types that can be targeted therapeutically to disrupt metastasis progression.
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Li S, Hu G, Kuang L, Zhou T, Jiang H, Pang F, Li J, Chen X, Bao J, Li W, Li C, Li M, Wang L, Zhang D, Zhang J, Yang Z, Jin H. Unraveling the mechanism of ethyl acetate extract from Prismatomeris connata Y. Z. Ruan root in treating pulmonary fibrosis: insights from bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and experimental validation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1330055. [PMID: 38259493 PMCID: PMC10801734 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1330055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis is a terminal lung disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammatory damage, and tissue structure destruction. The pathogenesis of this disease, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), remains unknown. Macrophages play major roles in organ fibrosis diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis. The phenotype and polarization of macrophages are closely associated with pulmonary fibrosis. A new direction in research on anti-pulmonary fibrosis is focused on developing drugs that maintain the stability of the pulmonary microenvironment. Methods We obtained gene sequencing data and clinical information for patients with IPF from the GEO datasets GSE110147, GSE15197, GSE24988, GSE31934, GSE32537, GSE35145, GSE53845, GSE49072, GSE70864, and GSE90010. We performed GO, KEGG enrichment analysis and GSEA analysis, and conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis. In addition, we performed proteomic analysis of mouse lung tissue. To verify the results of bioinformatics analysis and proteomic analysis, mice were induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM), and gavaged for 14 days after modeling. Respiratory function of mice in different groups was measured. Lung tissues were retained for histopathological examination, Western Blot and real-time quantitative PCR, etc. In addition, lipopolysaccharide, interferon-γ and interleukin-4 were used to induce RAW264.7 cells for 12h in vitro to establish macrophage inflammation and polarization model. At the same time, HG2 intervention was given. The phenotype transformation and cytokine secretion of macrophages were investigated by Western Blot, RT-qPCR and flow cytometry, etc. Results Through bioinformatics analysis and experiments involving bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, we confirmed the importance of macrophage polarization in IPF. The analysis revealed that macrophage polarization in IPF involves a change in the phenotypic spectrum. Furthermore, experiments demonstrated high expression of M2-type macrophage-associated biomarkers and inducible nitric oxide synthase, thus indicating an imbalance in M1/M2 polarization of pulmonary macrophages in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. Discussion Our investigation revealed that the ethyl acetate extract (HG2) obtained from the roots of Prismatomeris connata Y. Z. Ruan exhibits therapeutic efficacy against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. HG2 modulates macrophage polarization, alterations in the TGF-β/Smad pathway, and downstream protein expression in the context of pulmonary fibrosis. On the basis of our findings, we believe that HG2 has potential as a novel traditional Chinese medicine component for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizheng Li
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Hu
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lian Kuang
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Zhou
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Pang
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Bao
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory of Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- R&D Department, Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wanfang Li
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory of Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- R&D Department, Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Chuangjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyan Yang
- Section of Science & Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory of Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- R&D Department, Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
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Moonwiriyakit A, Yimnual C, Noitem R, Dinsuwannakol S, Sontikun J, Kaewin S, Worakajit N, Soontornniyomkij V, Muanprasat C. GPR120/FFAR4 stimulation attenuates airway remodeling and suppresses IL-4- and IL-13-induced airway epithelial injury via inhibition of STAT6 and Akt. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115774. [PMID: 37924784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway remodeling is associated with severity and treatment insensitivity in asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effects of G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) stimulation on alleviating allergic inflammation and remodeling of airway epithelium. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged BALB/c mice and type-2-cytokine (IL-4 and IL-13)-exposed 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cells were treated with GSK137647A, a selective GPR120 agonist. Markers of allergic inflammation and airway remodeling were determined. RESULTS GSK137647A attenuated inflammation and mucus secretion in airway epithelium of OVA-challenged mice. Stimulation of GPR120 in 16HBE suppressed expression of asthma-associated cytokines and cytokine-induced expression of pathogenic mucin-MUC5AC. These effects were abolished by co-treatment with AH7614, a GPR120 antagonist. Moreover, GPR120 stimulation in 16HBE cells reduced expression of fibrotic markers including fibronectin protein and ACTA2 mRNA and inhibited epithelial barrier leakage induced by type-2 inflammation via rescuing expression of zonula occludens-1 protein. Furthermore, GPR120 stimulation prevented the cytokine-induced airway epithelial remodeling via suppression of STAT6 and Akt phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that GPR120 activation alleviates allergic inflammation and remodeling of airway epithelium partly through inhibition of STAT6 and Akt. GPR120 may represent a novel therapeutic target for diseases associated with remodeling of airway epithelium, including asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aekkacha Moonwiriyakit
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Chantapol Yimnual
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Rattikarn Noitem
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand; Translational Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasiwimol Dinsuwannakol
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Jenjira Sontikun
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Suchada Kaewin
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nichakorn Worakajit
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand; Translational Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virawudh Soontornniyomkij
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
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Macias-Ceja DC, Mendoza-Ballesteros MT, Ortega-Albiach M, Barrachina MD, Ortiz-Masià D. Role of the epithelial barrier in intestinal fibrosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease: relevance of the epithelial-to mesenchymal transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1258843. [PMID: 37822869 PMCID: PMC10562728 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1258843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to tissue damage and remodelling, which can ultimately result in fibrosis. Prolonged injury and inflammation can trigger the activation of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. As fibrosis progresses, the tissue becomes increasingly stiff and less functional, which can lead to complications such as intestinal strictures, obstructive symptoms, and eventually, organ dysfunction. Epithelial cells play a key role in fibrosis, as they secrete cytokines and growth factors that promote fibroblast activation and ECM deposition. Additionally, epithelial cells can undergo a process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in which they acquire a more mesenchymal-like phenotype and contribute directly to fibroblast activation and ECM deposition. Overall, the interactions between epithelial cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts play a critical role in the development and progression of fibrosis in IBD. Understanding these complex interactions may provide new targets for therapeutic interventions to prevent or treat fibrosis in IBD. In this review, we have collected and discussed the recent literature highlighting the contribution of epithelial cells to the pathogenesis of the fibrotic complications of IBD, including evidence of EMT, the epigenetic control of the EMT, the potential influence of the intestinal microbiome in EMT, and the possible therapeutic strategies to target EMT. Finally we discuss the pro-fibrotic interactions epithelial-immune cells and epithelial-fibroblasts cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce C. Macias-Ceja
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - M. Dolores Barrachina
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Ortiz-Masià
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Wang CW, Chiou HYC, Chen SC, Wu DW, Lin HH, Chen HC, Liao WT, Lin MH, Hung CH, Kuo CH. Arsenic exposure and lung fibrotic changes-evidence from a longitudinal cohort study and experimental models. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1225348. [PMID: 37675120 PMCID: PMC10477983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1225348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arsenic (As) exposure is associated with lung toxicity and we aim to investigate the effects of arsenic exposure on lung fibrotic changes. Methods Participants (n= 976) enrolled via a general health survey underwent chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), spirometry forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and urinary arsenic examination during 2016 and 2018. Lung fibrotic changes from LDCT were defined. AsLtoL, low arsenic levels in both 2016 and 2018; AsLtoH, low arsenic in 2016 but high levels in 2018; AsHtoL, high arsenic in 2016 but low levels in 2018; AsHtoH, high arsenic levels in both 2016 and 2018. Mice exposed to 0. 0.2mg/L, 2 mg/L, 50 mg/L of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) through drinking water for 12 weeks and 24 weeks were applied for histological analysis. Cultured lung epithelial cells were exposed to NaAsO2 and the mesenchymal changes were examined. Results AsHtoH increased the risk (OR= 1.65, 95% CI 1.10, 2.49) of Lung fibrotic positive to positive (reference: Lung fibrotic negative to negative) compared with AsLtoL. Moreover, the predicted mean of FVC and FEV1 in AsHtoH (-0.09 units, 95% CI: -0.27, -0.09; -0.09 units, 95% CI: -0.17, -0.01) and AsLtoH (-0.13 units, 95% CI: -0.30, -0.10; -0.13 units, 95% CI: -0.22, -0.04) was significantly lower than ASLtoL. Significant lung fibrotic changes including the increase of the alveolar septum thickness and collagen fiber deposition were observed upon 2 mg/L NaAsO2 treatment for 12 weeks, and the damage was dose- and time-dependent. In vitro, sodium arsenite treatment promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like changes of the normal human bronchial epithelial cells, including upregulation of several fibrotic and mesenchymal markers (fibronectin, MMP-2, and Snail) and cell migration. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MMP-2 impaired the arsenic-induced EMT changes. Administration of a flavonoid, apigenin, inhibited EMT in vitro and pulmonary damages in vivo with the reduction of mesenchymal markers. Discussion we demonstrated that continued exposure to arsenic causes lung fibrosis in humans and mice. Targeting lung epithelial cells EMT is effective on the development of therapeutic strategy. Apigenin is effective in the inhibition of arsenic-induced pulmonary fibrosis and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Clair Chiou
- Teaching and Research Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsun Lin
- Teaching and Research Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- M.Sc. Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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9
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Nedeva D, Kowal K, Mihaicuta S, Guidos Fogelbach G, Steiropoulos P, Jose Chong-Neto H, Tiotiu A. Epithelial alarmins: a new target to treat chronic respiratory diseases. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:773-786. [PMID: 37746733 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2262920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In response to injury, epithelial cells release alarmins including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), high mobility group-box-1 (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-33 and -25 that can initiate innate immune responses. These alarmins are recognized as activators of T2-immune responses characteristic for asthma, but recent evidence highlighted their role in non-T2 inflammation, airway remodeling, and pulmonary fibrosis making them an attractive therapeutic target for chronic respiratory diseases (CRD). AREAS COVERED In this review, firstly we discuss the role of TSLP, IL-33, IL-25, and HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of asthma, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis according to the published data. In the second part, we summarize the current evidence concerning the efficacy of the antialarmin therapies in CRD. Recent clinical trials showed that anti-TSLP and IL-33/R antibodies can improve severe asthma outcomes. Blocking the IL-33-mediated pathway decreased the exacerbation rate in COPD patients with more important benefit for former-smokers. EXPERT OPINION Despite progress in the understanding of the alarmins' role in the pathogenesis of CRD, all their mechanisms of action are not yet identified. Blocking IL-33 and TSLP pathways offers an interesting option to treat severe asthma and COPD, but future investigations are needed to establish their place in the treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denislava Nedeva
- Clinic of Asthma and Allergology, UMBAL Alexandrovska, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Krzysztof Kowal
- Department of Experimental Allergology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stefan Mihaicuta
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Herberto Jose Chong-Neto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Complexo Hospital de Clinicas Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Angelica Tiotiu
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage. Cardiorespiratory regulations and motor control (EA 3450 DevAH), University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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10
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Chong L, Ahmadvand N, Noori A, Lv Y, Chen C, Bellusci S, Zhang JS. Injury activated alveolar progenitors (IAAPs): the underdog of lung repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:145. [PMID: 37166489 PMCID: PMC10173924 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2s) together with AT1s constitute the epithelial lining of lung alveoli. In contrast to the large flat AT1s, AT2s are cuboidal and smaller. In addition to surfactant production, AT2s also serve as prime alveolar progenitors in homeostasis and play an important role during regeneration/repair. Based on different lineage tracing strategies in mice and single-cell transcriptomic analysis, recent reports highlight the heterogeneous nature of AT2s. These studies present compelling evidence for the presence of stable or transitory AT2 subpopulations with distinct marker expression, signaling pathway activation and functional properties. Despite demonstrated progenitor potentials of AT2s in maintaining homeostasis, through self-renewal and differentiation to AT1s, the exact identity, full progenitor potential and regulation of these progenitor cells, especially in the context of human diseases remain unclear. We recently identified a novel subset of AT2 progenitors named "Injury-Activated Alveolar Progenitors" (IAAPs), which express low levels of Sftpc, Sftpb, Sftpa1, Fgfr2b and Etv5, but are highly enriched for the expression of the surface receptor programmed cell death-ligand 1 (Pd-l1). IAAPs are quiescent during lung homeostasis but activated upon injury with the potential to proliferate and differentiate into AT2s. Significantly, a similar population of PD-L1 positive cells expressing intermediate levels of SFTPC are found to be expanded in human IPF lungs. We summarize here the current understanding of this newly discovered AT2 progenitor subpopulation and also try to reconcile the relationship between different AT2 stem cell subpopulations regarding their progenitor potential, regulation, and relevance to disease pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chong
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710, USA
| | - Afshin Noori
- Cardio Pulmonary Institute, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuqing Lv
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China.
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Remodelling, Cardio Pulmonary Institute, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Lung Center, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Optimization of Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial 3D Cell Culture with Donor-Matched Fibroblasts and Comparison of Two Different Culture Media. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044113. [PMID: 36835529 PMCID: PMC9965758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro airway models are increasingly important for pathomechanistic analyses of respiratory diseases. Existing models are limited in their validity by their incomplete cellular complexity. We therefore aimed to generate a more complex and meaningful three-dimensional (3D) airway model. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells (hbEC) were propagated in airway epithelial cell growth (AECG) or PneumaCult ExPlus medium. Generating 3D models, hbEC were airlifted and cultured on a collagen matrix with donor-matched bronchial fibroblasts for 21 days comparing two media (AECG or PneumaCult ALI (PC ALI)). 3D models were characterized by histology and immunofluorescence staining. The epithelial barrier function was quantified by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements. The presence and function of ciliated epithelium were determined by Western blot and microscopy with high-speed camera. In 2D cultures, an increased number of cytokeratin 14-positive hbEC was present with AECG medium. In 3D models, AECG medium accounted for high proliferation, resulting in hypertrophic epithelium and fluctuating TEER values. Models cultured with PC ALI medium developed a functional ciliated epithelium with a stable epithelial barrier. Here, we established a 3D model with high in vivo-in vitro correlation, which has the potential to close the translational gap for investigations of the human respiratory epithelium in pharmacological, infectiological, and inflammatory research.
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12
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Zhang Z, Cao Z, Hou L, Song M, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Hu H, Hou Y, Liu Y, Li B, Song X, Ge W, Li B, Jiang X, Yang J, Song D, Zhang X, Pang J, Zhang T, Zhang H, Yang P, Wang J, Wang C. Adenovirus-mediated Overexpression of FcγRIIB Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:213-227. [PMID: 36227848 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0056oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (PF-ILDs) result in high mortality and lack effective therapies. The pathogenesis of PF-ILDs involves macrophages driving inflammation and irreversible fibrosis. Fc-γ receptors (FcγRs) regulate macrophages and inflammation, but their roles in PF-ILDs remain unclear. We characterized the expression of FcγRs and found upregulated FcγRIIB in human and mouse lungs after exposure to silica. FcγRIIB deficiency aggravated lung dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis in silica-exposed mice. Using single-cell transcriptomics and in vitro experiments, FcγRIIB was found in alveolar macrophages, where it regulated the expression of fibrosis-related genes Spp1 and Ctss. In mice with macrophage-specific overexpression of FcγRIIB and in mice treated with adenovirus by intratracheal instillation to upregulate FcγRIIB, silica-induced functional and histological changes were ameliorated. Our data from three genetic models and a therapeutic model suggest that FcγRIIB plays a protective role that can be enhanced by adenoviral overexpression, representing a potential therapeutic strategy for PF-ILDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Lin Hou
- Department of Physiology and
| | - Meiyue Song
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yitian Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, China; and
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, China; and
| | - Yangfeng Hou
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Bolun Li
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng Ge
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baicun Li
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Dingyun Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinri Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junling Pang
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology and.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Tanguy J, Boutanquoi PM, Burgy O, Dondaine L, Beltramo G, Uyanik B, Garrido C, Bonniaud P, Bellaye PS, Goirand F. HSPB5 Inhibition by NCI-41356 Reduces Experimental Lung Fibrosis by Blocking TGF-β1 Signaling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:177. [PMID: 37259327 PMCID: PMC9960643 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive and lethal disease of unknown etiology that ranks among the most frequent interstitial lung diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by dysregulated healing mechanisms that lead to the accumulation of large amounts of collagen in the lung tissue that disrupts the alveolar architecture. The two currently available treatments, nintedanib and pirfenidone, are only able to slow down the disease without being curative. We demonstrated in the past that HSPB5, a low molecular weight heat shock protein, was involved in the development of fibrosis and therefore was a potential therapeutic target. Here, we have explored whether NCI-41356, a chemical inhibitor of HSPB5, can limit the development of pulmonary fibrosis. In vivo, we used a mouse model in which fibrosis was induced by intratracheal injection of bleomycin. Mice were treated with NaCl or NCI-41356 (six times intravenously or three times intratracheally). Fibrosis was evaluated by collagen quantification, immunofluorescence and TGF-β gene expression. In vitro, we studied the specific role of NCI-41356 on the chaperone function of HSPB5 and the inhibitory properties of NCI-41356 on HSPB5 interaction with its partner SMAD4 during fibrosis. TGF-β1 signaling was evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western Blot in epithelial cells treated with TGF-β1 with or without NCI-41356. In vivo, NCI-41356 reduced the accumulation of collagen, the expression of TGF-β1 and pro-fibrotic markers (PAI-1, α-SMA). In vitro, NCI-41356 decreased the interaction between HSPB5 and SMAD4 and thus modulated the SMAD4 canonical nuclear translocation involved in TGF-β1 signaling, which may explain NCI-41356 anti-fibrotic properties. In this study, we determined that inhibition of HSPB5 by NCI-41356 could limit pulmonary fibrosis in mice by limiting the synthesis of collagen and pro-fibrotic markers. At the molecular level, this outcome may be explained by the effect of NCI-41356 inhibiting HSPB5/SMAD4 interaction, thus modulating SMAD4 and TGF-β1 signaling. Further investigations are needed to determine whether these results can be transposed to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tanguy
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Boutanquoi
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Burgy
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lucile Dondaine
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Beltramo
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Burhan Uyanik
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Bonniaud
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Cancer Center George François Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Françoise Goirand
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Réseau OrphaLung, Filière RespiFIl, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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14
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Negishi Y, Shima Y, Kato M, Ichikawa T, Ino H, Horii Y, Suzuki S, Morita R. Inflammation in preterm birth: Novel mechanism of preterm birth associated with innate and acquired immunity. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 154:103748. [PMID: 36126439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PB) is the most-frequent complication occurring during pregnancy, with a significant impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. Chorioamnionitis (CAM), the neutrophil infiltration into chorioamniotic membranes, is a major cause of PB. However, several cases of PB have also been reported without apparent pathogenic infection or CAM. Such cases are now attributed to "sterile inflammation." The concept of sterile inflammation has already attracted attention in various diseases, like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases; recently been discussed for obstetric complications such as miscarriage, PB, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes. Sterile inflammation is induced by alarmins, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), interleukins (IL-33 and IL-1α), and S100 proteins, that are released by cellular damage without apparent pathogenic infection. These antigens are recognized by pattern-recognition receptors, expressed mainly on antigen-presenting cells of decidua, placenta, amnion, and myometrium, which consequently trigger inflammation. In reproduction, these alarmins are associated with the development of various pregnancy complications, including PB. In this review, we have summarized the development of PB related to acute CAM, chronic CAM, and sterile inflammation as well as proposed a new mechanism for PB that involves innate immunity, acquired immunity, and sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Negishi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Ichikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hajime Ino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yumi Horii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shunji Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rimpei Morita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Huang G, Huang S, Cui H. Effect of M6A regulators on diagnosis, subtype classification, prognosis and novel therapeutic target development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:993567. [PMID: 36518679 PMCID: PMC9742476 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.993567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular biology studies show that RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications may take part in the incidence and development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Nonetheless, the roles of m6A regulators in IPF are not fully demonstrated. In this study, 12 significant m6A regulators were filtered out between healthy controls and IPF patients using GSE33566 dataset. Random forest algorithm was used to identify 11 candidate m6A regulators to predict the incidence of IPF. The 11 candidate m6A regulators included leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein (LRPPRC), methyltransferase-like protein 3, FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), methyltransferase-like 14/16, zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 13, protein virilizer homolog, Cbl proto-oncogene like 1, fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 and YTH domain containing 1/2. A nomogram model was constructed based on 11 candidate m6A regulators and considered beneficial to IPF patients using decision curve analysis. Consensus clustering method was used to distinctly divide IPF patients into two m6A patterns (clusterA and clusterB) based on 12 significant m6A regulators. M6A scores of all IPF patients were obtained using principal component analysis to quantify the m6A patterns. Patients in clusterB had higher m6A scores than those in clusterA. Furthermore, patients in clusterB were correlated with Th17 and Treg cell infiltration, innate immunity and Th1 immunity, while those in clusterA were correlated with adaptive immunity and Th2 immunity. Patients in clusterB also had higher expressions of mesenchymal markers and regulatory factors of fibrosis but lower expressions of epithelial markers. Lastly and interestingly, two m6A regulators, LRPPRC (p = 0.011) and FTO (p = 0.042), were identified as novel prognostic genes in IPF patients for the first time using an external GSE93606 dataset. Both of them had a positive correlation with a better prognosis and may serve as therapy targets. Thus, we conducted virtual screening to discover potential drugs targeting LRPPRC and FTO in the treatment of IPF. In conclusion, m6A regulators are crucial to the onset, development and prognosis of IPF. Our study on m6A patterns may provide clues for clinical diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapeutic drugs development for IPF.
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16
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Tuncer F, Bulik M, Villandre J, Lear T, Chen Y, Tuncer B, Kass DJ, Valenzi E, Morse C, Sembrat J, Lafyatis R, Chen B, Evankovich J. Fibronectin-EDA accumulates via reduced ubiquitination downstream of Toll-like receptor 9 activation in SSc-ILD fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L484-L494. [PMID: 35997276 PMCID: PMC9550569 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components from lung fibroblasts is a feature of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), and there is increasing evidence that innate immune signaling pathways contribute to these processes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune sensors activated by danger signals derived from pathogens or host molecular patterns. Several damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules are elevated in SSc-ILD plasma, including ligands that activate TLR9, an innate immune sensor recently implicated in driving profibrotic responses in fibroblasts. Fibronectin and the isoform fibronectin-extra domain A (FN-EDA) are prominent in pathological extracellular matrix accumulation, but mechanisms promoting FN-EDA accumulation are only partially understood. Here, we show that TLR9 activation increases FN-EDA accumulation in MRC5 and SSc-ILD fibroblasts, but that this effect is independent of changes in FN-EDA gene transcription. Rather, we describe a novel mechanism where TLR9 activation inhibits FN-EDA turnover via reduced FN-EDA ubiquitination. TLR9 ligand ODN2006 reduces ubiquitinated FN-EDA destined for lysosomal degradation, an effect abrogated with TLR9 knockdown or inhibition. Taken together, these results provide rationale for disrupting the TLR9 signaling axis or FN-EDA degradation pathways to reduce FN-EDA accumulation in SSc-ILD fibroblasts. More broadly, enhancing intracellular degradation of ECM components through TLR9 inhibition or enhanced ECM turnover could be a novel strategy to attenuate pathogenic ECM accumulation in SSc-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhan Tuncer
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melissa Bulik
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Villandre
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis Lear
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Beyza Tuncer
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel J Kass
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eleanor Valenzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina Morse
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bill Chen
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Evankovich
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Shakil F, Snijder J, Salvatore MM. Why is UIP peripheral? Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:907-915. [PMID: 36066423 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2119131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The radiology pattern associated with IPF is called UIP. It is unique because unlike any other form of fibrosis it is peripheral in its distribution. We investigated the peripheral nature of UIP and why it was a key feature of IPF the deadliest of the ILDS. AREAS COVERED It is not enough to say that UIP is peripheral but instead as scientists we must ask ourselves why it is peripheral. This review dives into the published hypothesis that includes vascular insult, tensile forces, microaspiration, and inflammation and looks at the pros and cons for each argument, and ultimately comes to its own conclusion. PubMed searches using the below keywords were used to identify papers that described pathogenesis of IPF with regard to a particular theory. EXPERT OPINION In this paper, we will review four ideas that support why UIP is peripheral and propose the most likely explanation given what is currently known about the pathophysiology of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faariah Shakil
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Juan Snijder
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Mary M Salvatore
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
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18
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Ramírez-Martínez G, Jiménez-Álvarez LA, Cruz-Lagunas A, Ignacio-Cortés S, Gómez-García IA, Rodríguez-Reyna TS, Choreño-Parra JA, Zúñiga J. Possible Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TGF-β in COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:352-368. [PMID: 35647937 PMCID: PMC9422783 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The costs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are devastating. With millions of deaths worldwide, specific serological biomarkers, antiviral agents, and novel therapies are urgently required to reduce the disease burden. For these purposes, a profound understanding of the pathobiology of COVID-19 is mandatory. Notably, the study of immunity against other respiratory infections has generated reference knowledge to comprehend the paradox of the COVID-19 pathogenesis. Past studies point to a complex interplay between cytokines and other factors mediating wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that results in exacerbated inflammation, tissue injury, severe manifestations, and a sequela of respiratory infections. This review provides an overview of the immunological process elicited after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Also, we analyzed available data about the participation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in immune responses of the lungs. Furthermore, we discuss their possible implications in severe COVID-19 and sequela, including pulmonary fibrosis, and remark on the potential of these molecules as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of convalescent COVID-19 patients. Our review provides a theoretical framework for future research aimed to discover molecular hallmarks that, combined with clinical features, could serve as therapeutic targets and reliable biomarkers of the different clinical forms of COVID-19, including convalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Armando Jiménez-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Ignacio-Cortés
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Alejandra Gómez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tatiana Sofia Rodríguez-Reyna
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
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19
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RNA Sequencing of Epithelial Cell/Fibroblastic Foci Sandwich in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: New Insights on the Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063323. [PMID: 35328744 PMCID: PMC8954546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the distal lung. IPF is best described by its histopathological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), characterized by spatial heterogeneity with alternating interstitial fibrosis and areas of normal lung, and temporal heterogeneity of fibrosis characterized by scattered fibroblastic foci (FF), dense acellular collagen and honeycomb changes. FF, comprising aggregated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts surrounded by metaplastic epithelial cells (EC), are the cardinal pathological lesion and their presence strongly correlates with disease progression and mortality. We hypothesized that the EC/FF sandwich from patients with UIP/IPF has a distinct molecular signature which could offer new insights into the crosstalk of these two crucial actors in the disease. Laser capture microdissection with RNAseq was used to investigate the transcriptome of the EC/FF sandwich from IPF patients versus controls (primary spontaneous pneumothorax). Differentially expressed gene analysis identified 23 up-regulated genes mainly related to epithelial dysfunction. Gene ontology analysis highlighted the activation of different pathways, mainly related to EC, immune response and programmed cell death. This study provides novel insights into the IPF pathogenetic pathways and suggests that targeting some of these up-regulated pathways (particularly those related to secreto-protein/mucin dysfunction) may be beneficial in IPF. Further studies in a larger number of lung samples, ideally from patients with early and advanced disease, are needed to validate these findings.
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Perryman L, Gray SG. Fibrosis in Mesothelioma: Potential Role of Lysyl Oxidases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040981. [PMID: 35205728 PMCID: PMC8870010 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies (such as checkpoint inhibitors) and standard chemotherapies (such as cisplatin) have limitations in the successful treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Fibrosis is the accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of tissues, making them denser than that of healthy tissues and thereby affecting drug delivery and immune cell infiltration. Moreover, fibrosis severely affects the patient's breathing and quality of life. The production of collagen and its assembly is highly regulated by various enzymes such as lysyl oxidases. Many solid tumors aberrantly express the family of lysyl oxidases (LOX/LOXL). This review examines how LOX/LOXLs were found to be dysregulated in noncancerous and cancerous settings, discusses their roles in solid tumor fibrosis and pathogenesis and explores the role of fibrosis in the development and poor clinical outcomes of patients with MPM. We examine the current preclinical status of drugs targeting LOX/LOXLs and how the incorporation of such drugs may have therapeutic benefits in the treatment and management of patients with MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Perryman
- Drug Discovery Department, Pharmaxis Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2086, Australia;
| | - Steven G. Gray
- Thoracic Oncology, Labmed Directorate, St James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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21
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Planté-Bordeneuve T, Bertrand Y, Pilette C, Froidure A. Implications potentielles du système IgA-pIgR dans la fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:75-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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