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Yoon M, Choi Y, Wi T, Choi YS, Choi J. The role of cGAMP via the STING pathway in modulating germinal center responses and CD4 T cell differentiation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340001. [PMID: 38680492 PMCID: PMC11045936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Germinal center (GC) responses are essential for establishing protective, long-lasting immunity through the differentiation of GC B cells (BGC) and plasma cells (BPC), along with the generation of antigen-specific antibodies. Among the various pathways influencing immune responses, the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway has emerged as significant, especially in innate immunity, and extends its influence to adaptive responses. In this study, we examined how the STING ligand cGAMP can modulate these key elements of the adaptive immune response, particularly in enhancing GC reactions and the differentiation of BGC, BPC, and follicular helper T cells (TFH). Employing in vivo models, we evaluated various antigens and the administration of cGAMP in Alum adjuvant, investigating the differentiation of BGC, BPC, and TFH cells, along with the production of antigen-specific antibodies. cGAMP enhances the differentiation of BGC and BPC, leading to increased antigen-specific antibody production. This effect is shown to be type I Interferon-dependent, with a substantial reduction in BPC frequency upon interferon (IFN)-β blockade. Additionally, cGAMP's influence on TFH differentiation varies over time, which may be critical for refining vaccine strategies. The findings elucidate a complex, antigen-specific influence of cGAMP on T and B cell responses, providing insights that could optimize vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijung Yoon
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurim Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeuk Wi
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Soo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nazarov IB, Zilov DS, Gordeev MN, Potapenko EV, Yeremenko N, Tomilin AN. Transcriptional Coactivator BOB1 (OBF1, OCA-B) Modulates the Specificity of DNA Recognition by the POU-Domain Factors OCT1 and OCT2 in a Monomeric Configuration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:123. [PMID: 38254723 PMCID: PMC10812921 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BOB1, a mammalian lymphocyte-specific transcriptional coactivator of the transcription factors OCT1 and OCT2 (OCT1/2), plays important roles in normal immune responses, autoimmunity, and hematologic malignancies. The issue of a DNA sequence preference change imposed by BOB1 was raised more than two decades ago but remains unresolved. In this paper, using the EMSA-SELEX-Seq approach, we have reassessed the intrinsic ability of BOB1 to modulate the specificity of DNA recognition by OCT1 and OCT2. Our results have reaffirmed previous conclusions regarding BOB1 selectivity towards the dimer configuration of OCT1/2. However, they suggest that the monomeric configuration of these factors, assembled on the classical octamer ATGCAAAT and related motifs, are the primary targets of BOB1. Our data further specify the DNA sequence preference imposed by BOB1 and predict the probability of ternary complex formation. These results provide an additional insight into the action of BOB1-an essential immune regulator and a promising molecular target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor B. Nazarov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.Z.); (M.N.G.)
| | - Danil S. Zilov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.Z.); (M.N.G.)
| | - Mikhail N. Gordeev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.Z.); (M.N.G.)
| | - Evgenii V. Potapenko
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Nataliya Yeremenko
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology UMR1064, 30 Bd Jean Monnet, Nantes University, CEDEX 01, 44093 Nantes, France;
| | - Alexey N. Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.Z.); (M.N.G.)
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Thomas AL, Godarova A, Wayman JA, Miraldi ER, Hildeman DA, Chougnet CA. Accumulation of immune-suppressive CD4 + T cells in aging - tempering inflammaging at the expense of immunity. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101836. [PMID: 37632992 PMCID: PMC10840872 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The 'immune risk profile' has been shown to predict mortality in the elderly, highlighting the need to better understand age-related immune dysfunction. While aging leads to many defects affecting all arms of the immune system, this review is focused on the accrual of immuno-suppressive CD4 + T cell populations, including FoxP3 + regulatory T cells, and subsets of IL-10-producing T follicular helper cells. New data suggest that such accumulations constitute feedback mechanisms to temper the ongoing progressive low-grade inflammation that develops with age, the so-called "inflammaging", and by doing so, how they have the potential to promote healthier aging. However, they also impair effector immune responses, notably to infections, or vaccines. These studies also reinforce the idea that the aged immune system should not be considered as a poorly functional version of the young one, but more as a dynamic system in which CD4 + T cells, and other immune/non-immune subsets, differentiate, interact with their milieu and function differently than in young hosts. A better understanding of these unique interactions is thus needed to improve effector immune responses in the elderly, while keeping inflammaging under control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L Thomas
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alzbeta Godarova
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA
| | - Joseph A Wayman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - David A Hildeman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Claire A Chougnet
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Sato-Fukuba M, Arakaki R, Ushio A, Otsuka K, Nagao R, Matsuzawa S, Tawara H, Tsunematsu T, Ishimaru N. CD4 + T-cell-dependent differentiation of CD23 + follicular B cells contributes to the pulmonary pathology in a primary Sjögren's syndrome mouse model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1217492. [PMID: 37475871 PMCID: PMC10354287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1217492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the function of exocrine glands, such as the lacrimal and the salivary glands. Extraglandular lesions and malignant lymphoma also occur during the progressive stage of pSS. We have, herein, focused on the pulmonary lesions of pSS and have aimed clarifying their pathophysiological mechanism by comparing the glandular with the extraglandular lesions observed in a mouse model of pSS. Results The histopathological analysis of lung tissues obtained from NFS/sld mice that have undergone neonatal thymectomy was performed. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted along with immunological analyses in order to characterize the unique phenotypes of the pulmonary lesions identified in these pSS model mice. Inflammatory lesions with a bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue-like structure were identified in the lungs of pSS model mice. In addition, relative to salivary gland lesions, pulmonary lesions showed increased CD23+ follicular B (FB) cells. In vitro and pulmonary B cells were more readily driven to CD23+ FB cell phenotype than salivary gland B cells in pSS model mice. Furthermore, the CD23+ FB cell differentiation was found to be enhanced in a CD4+ T-cell-dependent manner under a Th2-type condition in the lungs of herein examined pSS model mice. Discussion A Th2-type response in the pSS lung may promote the progression of autoimmune lesions through an enhanced abnormal differentiation of B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Sato-Fukuba
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aya Ushio
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Otsuka
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ruka Nagao
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Matsuzawa
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tawara
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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