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Gong Q, Fu M, Wang J, Zhao S, Wang H. Potential Immune-Inflammatory Proteome Biomarkers for Guiding the Treatment of Patients with Primary Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma Caused by COVID-19. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38836775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Primary acute angle-closure glaucoma (PAACG) is a sight-threatening condition that can lead to blindness. With the increasing incidence of COVID-19, a multitude of people are experiencing acute vision loss and severe swelling of the eyes and head. These patients were then diagnosed with acute angle closure, with or without a history of PACG. However, the mechanism by which viral infection causes PACG has not been clarified. This is the first study to explore the specific inflammatory proteomic landscape in SARS-CoV-2-induced PAACG. The expression of 92 inflammation-related proteins in 19 aqueous humor samples from PAACGs or cataract patients was detected using the Olink Target 96 Inflammation Panel based on a highly sensitive and specific proximity extension assay technology. The results showed that 76 proteins were significantly more abundant in the PAACG group than in the cataract group. Notably, the top eight differentially expressed proteins were IL-8, MCP-1, TNFRSF9, DNER, CCL4, Flt3L, CXCL10, and CD40. Generally, immune markers are related to inflammation, macrophage activation, and viral infection, revealing the crucial role of macrophages in the occurrence of PAACGs caused by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mingshui Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Shuzhi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai 200080, China
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Lambiri DW, Levin LA. Maculopapillary Bundle Degeneration in Optic Neuropathies. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2024:10.1007/s11910-024-01343-0. [PMID: 38833037 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-024-01343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Degeneration of the maculopapillary bundle (MPB) is a prominent feature in a spectrum of optic neuropathies. MPB-selective degeneration is seen in specific conditions, such as nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), and dominant optic atrophy (DOA). Despite their distinct etiologies and clinical presentations, which encompass variations in age of incidence and monocular or binocular onset, these disorders share a core molecular mechanism: compromised mitochondrial homeostasis. This disruption is characterized by dysfunctions in mitochondrial metabolism, biogenesis, and protein synthesis. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of the MPB's role in optic neuropathies, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of these conditions. RECENT FINDINGS Optical coherence tomography studies have characterized the retinal nerve fiber layer changes accompanying mitochondrial-affiliated optic neuropathies. Selective thinning of the temporal optic nerve head is preceded by thickening in early stages of these disorders which correlates with reductions in macular ganglion cell layer thinning and vascular atrophy. A recently proposed mechanism underpinning the selective atrophy of the MPB involves the positive feedback of reactive oxygen species generation as a common consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, new research has revealed that the MPB can undergo degeneration in the early stages of glaucoma, challenging the historically held belief that this area was not involved in this common optic neuropathy. A variety of anatomical risk factors influence the propensity of glaucomatous MPB degeneration, and cases present distinct patterns of ganglion cell degeneration that are distinct from those observed in mitochondria-associated diseases. This review synthesizes clinical and molecular research on primary MPB disorders, highlighting the commonalities and differences in their pathogenesis. KEY POINTS (BOX) 1. Temporal degeneration of optic nerve fibers accompanied by cecocentral scotoma is a hallmark of maculopapillary bundle (MPB) degeneration. 2. Mechanisms of MPB degeneration commonly implicate mitochondrial dysfunction. 3. Recent research challenges the traditional belief that the MPB is uninvolved in glaucoma by showing degeneration in the early stages of this common optic neuropathy, yet with features distinct from other MPB-selective neuropathies. 4. Reactive oxygen species generation is a mechanism linking mitochondrial mechanisms of MPB-selective optic neuropathies, but in-vivo and in-vitro studies are needed to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius W Lambiri
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Leonard A Levin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Wang Y, Shu Y, Cai G, Guo Y, Gao J, Chen Y, Lv L, Zeng X. Altered static and dynamic functional network connectivity in primary angle-closure glaucoma patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11682. [PMID: 38778225 PMCID: PMC11111766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore altered patterns of static and dynamic functional brain network connectivity (sFNC and dFNC) in Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients. Clinically confirmed 34 PACG patients and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent evaluation using T1 anatomical and functional MRI on a 3 T scanner. Independent component analysis, sliding window, and the K-means clustering method were employed to investigate the functional network connectivity (FNC) and temporal metrics based on eight resting-state networks. Differences in FNC and temporal metrics were identified and subsequently correlated with clinical variables. For sFNC, compared with HCs, PACG patients showed three decreased interactions, including SMN-AN, SMN-VN and VN-AN pairs. For dFNC, we derived four highly structured states of FC that occurred repeatedly between individual scans and subjects, and the results are highly congruent with sFNC. In addition, PACG patients had a decreased fraction of time in state 3 and negatively correlated with IOP (p < 0.05). PACG patients exhibit abnormalities in both sFNC and dFNC. The high degree of overlap between static and dynamic results suggests the stability of functional connectivity networks in PACG patients, which provide a new perspective to understand the neuropathological mechanisms of optic nerve damage in PACG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yongqiang Shu
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoqian Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lianjiang Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianjun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Liang YJ, Wang YY, Rong SS, Chen ZJ, Chen SY, Tham JA, Chan PP, Yam JC, Wiggs JL, Pang CP, Tham CC, Chen LJ. Genetic Associations of Primary Angle-Closure Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:437-444. [PMID: 38546604 PMCID: PMC10979365 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Importance Effects of genetic variants on primary angle-closure disease remained uncertain. Objective To systematically review the associations of common single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and rare coding variants with primary angle-closure disease, its subtypes (including primary angle-closure glaucoma, primary angle-closure suspect, and primary angle-closure) and progression. Data Sources Eligible studies from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were retrieved up to April 3, 2023. SNV information was extracted from eligible reports and 2 genome-wide association studies summary statistics, UK BioBank and FinnGen. Study Selection Studies providing analyzable genotype or allele data in a case-control design for primary angle-closure disease association and longitudinal case-only design for primary angle-closure disease progression. Data Extraction and Synthesis PRISMA guidelines were used for literature screening and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for data quality assessment. Pooled effect size with 95% CIs of SNV associations were calculated using fixed- or random-effect models according to I2 statistics. Main Outcomes and Measures SNVs reported in 2 or more studies were meta-analyzed to generate pooled odds ratios and P values. Common and rare coding variants from single reports were summarized. Results Sixty-nine citations were eligible for meta-analysis on overall primary angle-closure disease, involving 206 SNVs in 64 genes or loci. Seventeen SNVs in 15 genes or loci showed associations with primary angle-closure disease, and 15 SNVs in 13 genes or loci showed associations with primary angle-closure glaucoma. Two SNVs, ABCA1 rs2422493 and ZNRF3 rs3178915, were associated only with primary angle-closure disease. Two SNVs, PCMTD1-ST18 rs1015213 and COL11A1 rs3753841, were associated with primary angle-closure suspect, and 1 SNV, MMP9 rs3918249, was associated with primary angle-closure. This systematic review and meta-analysis newly confirmed 7 genes or loci associated with primary angle-closure glaucoma: ATOH7, CALCRL, FBN1, IL6, LOXL1, MMP19, and VAV3. Common and rare coding variants in 16 genes or loci that have been associated with primary angle-closure disease were cataloged. Stratification analysis revealed different primary angle-closure disease-associated genes in different ethnic populations. Only 1 study regarding the genetic association of primary angle-closure glaucoma progression was identified. Conclusions and Relevance This study revealed the genetic complexity of primary angle-closure disease, involving common SNVs and rare coding variants in more than 30 genes or loci, with ethnic and phenotypic diversities. Further replication, genotype-phenotype correlation, and pathway analyses are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jing Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Yao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi Song Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhen Ji Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu Ying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jenson A. Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Poemen P. Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason C. Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clement C. Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Zawadzka I, Konopińska J. From the past to the present, optical coherence tomography in glaucoma: a practical guide to a common disease. F1000Res 2024; 12:1186. [PMID: 38511134 PMCID: PMC10951567 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.139975.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma comprises a group of disorders of the optic nerve that cause degenerative optic neuropathy, characterised by failure of neuroretinal rim tissue in the optic nerve head, retinal nerve fibre layer, and retinal ganglion cells. Glaucoma imposes a serious epidemiological threat, with an steady increase in the global number of cases. In the current ophthalmological practice, glaucoma is diagnosed via a series of examinations, including routine funduscopic examination, ocular tonometry, gonioscopy, measurement of the visual field, and assessment using the optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique. Nowadays, the OCT technique helps in systematising the diagnostic pathway and is a basic diagnostic tool for detection of early glaucomatous eye changes. It is also vital in assessing progression and monitoring treatment results of patients. The aim of this review was to present the OCT technique as a main tool in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zawadzka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, podlaskie, 15-081, Poland
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, podlaskie, 15-081, Poland
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Patton GN, Lee HJ. Chemical Insights into Topical Agents in Intraocular Pressure Management: From Glaucoma Etiopathology to Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:274. [PMID: 38399328 PMCID: PMC10891530 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma encompasses a group of optic neuropathies characterized by complex and often elusive etiopathology, involvihttng neurodegeneration of the optic nerve in conjunction with abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP). Currently, there is no cure for glaucoma, and treatment strategies primarily aim to halt disease progression by managing IOP. This review delves into the etiopathology, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches for glaucoma, with a special focus on IOP management. We discuss a range of active pharmaceutical ingredients used in glaucoma therapy, emphasizing their chemical structure, pharmacological action, therapeutic effectiveness, and safety/tolerability profiles. Notably, most of these therapeutic agents are administered as topical formulations, a critical aspect considering patient compliance and drug delivery efficiency. The classes of glaucoma therapeutics covered in this review include prostaglandin analogs, beta blockers, alpha agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Rho kinase inhibitors, and miotic (cholinergic) agents. This comprehensive overview highlights the importance of topical administration in glaucoma treatment, offering insights into the current state and future directions of pharmacological management in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
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7
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Husain KA, Alaali H, Alarayedh GG. Prevalence and Characteristics of Glaucoma Among Patients Presenting to Ophthalmology Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Cureus 2024; 16:e54129. [PMID: 38487113 PMCID: PMC10939155 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of glaucoma in patients presenting to the ophthalmology department in a tertiary hospital in Bahrain for the first time. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain. The medical records of all patients who presented for the first time to an eye clinic between January and December 2019 were reviewed. Patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma were included in this study. Data regarding age, sex, ethnicity, type of glaucoma, previous treatment, best corrected visual acuity, cup-to-disc ratio, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and visual field findings were collected. Results Of a total of 18,238 new patients in 2019, 173 patients (0.97%) had glaucoma. The mean age of patients with glaucoma was 59.6 ± 11.3 years and approximately 60% of them were males (n=103, 59.5%). In 93% of the cases, glaucoma involved both eyes (n=161). Primary open-angle glaucoma (n=97, 56.1%), normal tension glaucoma (n=28, 16.2%), and chronic angle closure glaucoma (n=15, 8.7%) were the most frequently encountered types of glaucoma. Approximately 16.76% (n=29) of the patients were blind in one or two eyes at the time of presentation. Conclusion There seems to be a low prevalence of glaucoma among the encountered cases on the first visit to ophthalmology clinics in Bahrain, with primary open-angle glaucoma being the most common type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatoon A Husain
- Ophthalmology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR
| | - Haneen Alaali
- Ophthalmology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR
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Chan PP, Shen R, Cheung CY, Ling A, Yu M, Pang CP, Tham CC. Longitudinal change of peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in normal tension and primary angle closure glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2024; 108:195-202. [PMID: 36564146 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-322336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the rates of peripapillary vessel density (pVD) loss and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thinning in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). METHODS Baseline age and severity-matched NTG and PACG eyes (75 eyes of 60 patients for each subtype) were observed longitudinally. All participants' RNFL thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT); pVD were measured by swept-source OCT-angiography (OCT-A) and quantified by a customised MATLAB program. The rate of pVD loss and RNFL thinning were estimated by linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS NTG eyes had significant pVD loss in all sectors (p≤0.05) while PACG eyes' pVD loss was borderline significant in the global region (p=0.05). Significant RNFL thinning was detected in the inferotemporal and superonasal regions of both groups, and the superotemporal region in the NTG group (all p≤0.02). NTG had faster rate of pVD loss in the global (difference (95% CI) -1.08 (-1.90 to -0.27) %/year), temporal (-1.57 (-2.91 to -0.23) %/year) and superotemporal (-1.46 (-2.65 to -0.26) %/year) regions than PACG (all p≤0.02), without significant difference of the rate of RNFL thinning. A lower baseline mean deviation (MD) was associated with a faster rate of global pVD loss, while a lower baseline pVD was associated with a slower rate of global pVD loss in multivariable analyses (both p≤0.04). CONCLUSIONS NTG had more extensive and faster rate of pVD loss than PACG. Baseline global pVD and MD were independently associated with the rate of pVD loss in NTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poemen PuiMan Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Lam Kin Chung. Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Carol Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Anni Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Yu
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chi-Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Lam Kin Chung. Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Hub of Pediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Joint Shantou International Eye Centre of Shantou University and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Clement C Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Lam Kin Chung. Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Aprelev AE, Sukmanyuk EO, Medunitsyna AM. [The association between myopia and glaucoma]. Vestn Oftalmol 2024; 140:93-98. [PMID: 38450472 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202414001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Myopia and glaucoma are the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the world, and as the number of nearsighted people is predicted to increase sharply in the upcoming decades, an increase in combined pathology is expected. This article analyzes literature sources to assess the epidemiology of glaucoma and myopia both worldwide and in the Russian Federation, examine the anatomical changes of the eyeball associated with these diseases, and identify the diagnostic criteria that facilitate the verification of glaucoma when combined with myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Aprelev
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
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10
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Rodrigo MJ, Martinez-Rincon T, Subias M, Mendez-Martinez S, Garcia-Herranz D, Garcia-Feijoo J, Herrero-Vanrell R, Pablo L, Bravo-Osuna I, Munuera I, Garcia-Martin E. Influence of sex on chronic steroid-induced glaucoma: 24-Weeks follow-up study in rats. Exp Eye Res 2024; 238:109736. [PMID: 38036216 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate ocular changes based on sex in steroid-induced glaucoma models in rats comparing healthy controls, over 24 weeks follow-up. Eighty-nine Long-Evans rats (38 males and 51 females) with steroid-induced glaucoma were analysed. Two steroid-induced glaucoma models were generated by injecting poly-co-lactic-glycolic acid microspheres loaded with dexamethasone (MMDEX model) and dexamethasone-fibronectin (MMDEXAFIBRO model) into the ocular anterior chamber. Intraocular pressure was measured by rebound tonometer Tonolab®. Neuroretinal function was analysed using dark- and light-adapted electroretinography (Roland consult® RETIanimal ERG), and structure was analysed using optical coherence tomography (OCT Spectralis, Heidelberg® Engineering) using Retina Posterior Pole, Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer and Ganglion Cell Layer protocols over 24 weeks. Males showed statistically (p < 0.05) higher intraocular pressure measurements. In both sexes and models neuroretinal thickness tended to decrease over time. In the MMDEX model, males showed higher IOP values and greatest percentage thickness loss in the Ganglion Cell Layer (p = 0.015). Females receiving MMDEXAFIBRO experienced large fluctuations in thickness, a higher percentage loss (on average) in Retina Posterior Pole (p = 0.035), Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer and Ganglion Cell Layer than aged-matched males, and the highest thickness loss rate by mmHg. Although no difference was found by sex in dark- and light-adapted electroretinography, increased amplitude in photopic negative response was found in MMDEX males and MMDEXAFIBRO females at 12 weeks. Although both glaucoma models used dexamethasone, different intraocular pressure and neuroretinal changes were observed depending on sex and other influential cofactors (fibronectin). Both sex and the induced glaucoma model influenced neuroretinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain; National Ocular Researcha Network RD21/0002/0050. RICORS Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (RD21/0002). Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - T Martinez-Rincon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Subias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S Mendez-Martinez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D Garcia-Herranz
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Ophthalmology Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Feijoo
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - R Herrero-Vanrell
- National Ocular Researcha Network RD21/0002/0050. RICORS Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (RD21/0002). Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Ophthalmology Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; University Institute for Industrial Pharmacy (IUFI), School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - L Pablo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain; National Ocular Researcha Network RD21/0002/0050. RICORS Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (RD21/0002). Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Biotech Vision, Instituto Oftalmologico Quiron, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Bravo-Osuna
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Ophthalmology Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; University Institute for Industrial Pharmacy (IUFI), School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - I Munuera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain; National Ocular Researcha Network RD21/0002/0050. RICORS Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (RD21/0002). Carlos III Health Institute, Spain.
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11
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Pérez-García P, Burgos-Blasco B, Morales-Fernández L, Fernández-Ruiz-Morón A, Gómez-Calleja V, Oribio-Quinto C, Collado-Vincueria I, Garcia-Feijoo J, Martinez-de-la-Casa JM. Prescription trends for preservative free glaucoma medication in a public health system. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:193-203. [PMID: 37070183 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231170034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the prescribing trends over a 7-years period, between 2013 and 2020, in a tertiary hospital (Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain) and its health area. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study on the data collected from the information systems, "farm@web" and "Farmadrid", of glaucoma prescriptions in the framework of a public health system (Spanish National Health System) during the last seven years. RESULTS Prostaglandin analogues were the most commonly used drugs in monotherapy during the study period (range: 36.82% - 47.07%). Fixed combinations of topical hypotensives had an upward trend since 2013 (range: 39.99% - 54.21%), becoming the most dispensed drugs in 2020 (48.99%). Preservative-free eye drops (lacking benzalkonium chloride, BAK) have displaced preservative containing topical treatments in all pharmacological groups. In 2013, BAK-preserved eye drops accounted for 91.1% of the total prescriptions, however in 2020 they only accounted for 34.2% of total prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study highlight the current trend to avoid BAK-preserved eye drops for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pérez-García
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Burgos-Blasco
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Morales-Fernández
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Verónica Gómez-Calleja
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Oribio-Quinto
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Collado-Vincueria
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Garcia-Feijoo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramon Castroviejo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Disease, and Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Dept. of Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Martinez-de-la-Casa
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramon Castroviejo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Dept. of Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Munuera I, Aragon-Navas A, Villacampa P, Gonzalez-Cela MA, Subías M, Pablo LE, Garcia-Feijoo J, Herrero-Vanrell R, Garcia-Martin E, Bravo-Osuna I, Rodrigo MJ. Chronic Glaucoma Induced in Rats by a Single Injection of Fibronectin-Loaded PLGA Microspheres: IOP-Dependent and IOP-Independent Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:9. [PMID: 38203183 PMCID: PMC10779403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate a new animal model of chronic glaucoma induced using a single injection of fibronectin-loaded biodegradable PLGA microspheres (Ms) to test prolonged therapies. 30 rats received a single injection of fibronectin-PLGA-Ms suspension (MsF) in the right eye, 10 received non-loaded PLGA-Ms suspension (Control), and 17 were non-injected (Healthy). Follow-up was performed (24 weeks), evaluating intraocular pressure (IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), histology and electroretinography. The right eyes underwent a progressive increase in IOP, but only induced cohorts reached hypertensive values. The three cohorts presented a progressive decrease in ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, corroborating physiological age-related loss of ganglion cells. Injected cohorts (MsF > Control) presented greater final GCL thickness. Histological exams explain this paradox: the MsF cohort showed lower ganglion cell counts but higher astrogliosis and immune response. A sequential trend of functional damage was recorded using scotopic electroretinography (MsF > Control > Healthy). It seems to be a function-structure correlation: in significant astrogliosis, early functional damage can be detected by electroretinography, and structural damage can be detected by histological exams but not by OCT. Males presented higher IOP and retinal and GCL thicknesses and lower electroretinography. A minimally invasive chronic glaucoma model was induced by a single injection of biodegradable Ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Munuera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Alba Aragon-Navas
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 l’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Miriam A. Gonzalez-Cela
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
| | - Manuel Subías
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis E. Pablo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Julian Garcia-Feijoo
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Ophthalmology, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Herrero-Vanrell
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Irene Bravo-Osuna
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria J. Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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13
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Lu Z, Wang L, Ying X, Tan L. Bilateral angle closure glaucoma with retinitis pigmentosa in young patients: case series. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:458. [PMID: 37968604 PMCID: PMC10648655 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To report the ocular characteristics and management of three cases of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) concurrent primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). CASE PRESENTATION Three middle-aged patients presenting with diminished vision, high intraocular pressure (IOP), and typical fundus manifestations of RP were clinically evaluated. The individualized treatment was based on the ocular conditions of each case. A novel genetic alteration in ZNF408 was identified in one patient. Two patients with short-axial eyes received unilateral combined trabeculectomy, cataract surgery, and Irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy. One of them had a subluxated lens, managed with a capsular tension ring implantation. Their contralateral eyes, respectively, underwent laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) and transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. The third patient underwent bilaterally combined laser peripheral iridoplasty, LPI, and medication. Ultimately, all patients achieved the target IOP during a two-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Young patients with RP may have a risk of developing angle closure glaucoma, and conversely, patients with angle closure glaucoma at younger age should be aware of the presence of RP. Therefore, routine gonioscopy and IOP monitoring are required for RP patients, and detailed fundus examinations are warranted for young PACG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Lu
- Southwest Hospital / Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 958Th Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Southwest Hospital / Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xi Ying
- Southwest Hospital / Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Lian Tan
- Southwest Hospital / Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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14
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Yadav VS, Gumber B, Makker K, Gupta V, Tewari N, Khanduja P, Yadav R. Global prevalence of gingival recession: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2993-3002. [PMID: 35735236 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of gingival recession (GR) in the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Population-based observational studies reporting the prevalence of GR and published from 1991 to 2021 were identified from five electronic databases and manual searches. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies. The pooled prevalence of GR was calculated by using a random-effect model. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to summarize the overall certainty of evidence. RESULTS A total of 15 studies involving 37,460 participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence was 78.16% at the minimal reported threshold values and 84.92% at ≥1 mm "cut-off" with high heterogeneity among studies. A separate analysis for the buccal GR revealed a pooled prevalence of 75.42%. The risk of bias was found to be high for 10 and low for 5 studies. The overall certainty of the evidence was assessed to be very low. CONCLUSION More than two-thirds of the population worldwide was found to be affected by GR. Studies with standard case definition and less heterogeneity are required to accurately estimate the prevalence of GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikender Singh Yadav
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhumika Gumber
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanika Makker
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Gupta
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Khanduja
- Public Health Consultant, MicroSave Consulting, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Yadav
- Department of Prosthodontics, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, India
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15
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Zhou H, Liao R, Zhang D, Wang W, Deng S. Glaucoma Characteristics and Influencing Factors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Huizhou Region. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:8889754. [PMID: 37927894 PMCID: PMC10622592 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8889754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Glaucoma in individuals who tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the pandemic outbreak has not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of glaucoma during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou. Methods Retrospective data from outpatients with glaucoma at the Huizhou Hospital Affiliated with Guangzhou Medical University and Longmen County People's Hospital were collected during two periods: the COVID-19 pandemic period (Phase A: December 1, 2022, to January 19, 2023) and the prevention and control period (Phase B: December 1, 2021, to January 19, 2022). The demographic characteristics of the outpatients during both phases were compared. The characteristics of glaucoma in patients with COVID-19 during Phase A were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the development of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Phase A patients. Results The proportion of patients with glaucoma was significantly higher during Phase A than during Phase B at both hospitals. No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with glaucoma during Phases A and B for age, sex, and region. A high COVID-19-positive rate was associated with old age, females, AACG, newly diagnosed glaucoma, and binocular involvement during phase A. Females testing positive for COVID-19, glaucoma that started after testing positive for COVID-19, and a history of medication use were associated with a higher proportion of AACG in phase A. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified testing positive for COVID-19 as an independent potential risk factor for developing AACG. Conclusion In summary, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou, patients with COVID-19 were primarily affected by AACG, especially females, older individuals, and those with binocular involvement. Testing positive for COVID-19 increases the risk of developing AACG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zhou
- Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University (Huizhou Third People's Hospital), Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Liao
- Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University (Huizhou Third People's Hospital), Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongxuan Zhang
- Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University (Huizhou Third People's Hospital), Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuifeng Deng
- Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University (Huizhou Third People's Hospital), Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China
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16
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Al-Timimi Z, Huang-Lung J, Keay L, Healey P, Yang E, Dunn H. A Systematic Review of Glaucoma Diagnosis in Prevalence Studies and Quality of Reporting. J Glaucoma 2023; 32:874-884. [PMID: 37406297 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS This systematic review has revealed that variable definitions of glaucoma continue to be used in prevalence studies, despite the introduction of the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria. PURPOSE To systematically review diagnostic criteria and examinations performed in glaucoma prevalence studies over time and determine the quality of reporting. Accurate estimates of glaucoma prevalence are crucial to inform resource allocation. However, diagnosis of glaucoma comprises inherently subjective examinations and the cross-sectional nature of prevalence studies precludes monitoring for progression. METHODS A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed to examine diagnostic protocols used by glaucoma prevalence studies and evaluate uptake of the ISGEO criteria, introduced in 2002 to standardize glaucoma diagnosis in prevalence studies. Detection bias and compliance with the Strengthening Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were evaluated. RESULTS Ten thousand five hundred forty-four articles were identified. After deduplication, 5589 articles were screened, yielding 136 articles pertaining to 123 studies. An absence of data in many countries was identified. Ninety-two percent of studies stated diagnostic criteria, and 62% used the ISGEO criteria since their publication. Weaknesses of the ISGEO criteria were identified. Temporal variations in the performance of various examinations were observed, including heterogeneity in angle assessment. Mean STROBE compliance was 82% (range 59-100%); 72 articles had a low risk of detection bias, 4 had a high risk, and 60 had some concerns. CONCLUSION Heterogeneous diagnostic definitions persist in glaucoma prevalence studies, despite introduction of the ISGEO criteria. Standardization of criteria remains imperative and the development of new criteria represent a valuable opportunity to achieve this goal. In addition, methods of determining diagnoses are poorly reported, suggesting a need for improvement in study conduct and reporting. Accordingly, we propose the Reporting of quality Of GlaUcoma Epidemiological Studies (ROGUES) Checklist. We have also identified a need for further prevalence studies in regions with limited data and to update Australian angle closure glaucoma prevalence. Design and reporting of future studies can be informed by this review's insights into diagnostic protocols previously used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayn Al-Timimi
- Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Port Macquarie
| | - Jessie Huang-Lung
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney
| | - Lisa Keay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney
| | - Paul Healey
- Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Westmead Clinical School
| | - Eleanor Yang
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney
| | - Hamish Dunn
- Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Port Macquarie
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Seth PK, Senthil S, Das AV, Garudadri C. Prevalence of glaucoma types, clinical profile and disease severity at presentation: Tertiary Institute based cross-sectional study from South India. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3305-3312. [PMID: 37787226 PMCID: PMC10683705 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3305_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the clinical profile and relative prevalence of subtypes of glaucoma presenting to a tertiary care center in India. Methods This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 6,120 new patients (>16 years) presenting between January 2016 and December 2017. The data were collected using an electronic medical record system. Results A total of 11,016 eyes of 6,120 new patients were diagnosed with glaucoma. Sixty-one percent were male and 79% had a bilateral affliction. Primary glaucoma was present in 4,352 (71.1%) and secondary glaucoma in 1,063 (17.4%) subjects. Glaucoma was primary open-angle (POAG) in 4,015 (36.4%) eyes and primary angle closure disease (PACD) in 3,806 (34.5%) eyes. Commonest among secondary glaucoma was post-cataract surgery glaucoma (3.1%), neovascular glaucoma (2.4%), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) (2.1%), and steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) (1.4%). Patients with primary glaucoma were older than secondary (56.6 ± 0.2 vs 54.1 ± 0.4; P < 0.0001). Mean IOP was higher in secondary glaucoma compared to primary (26.9 ± 0.3 vs 18.9 ± 0.1; P < 0.0001). Secondary glaucoma had greater mean CDR compared to primary glaucoma (0.77 ± 0.007 vs 0.70 ± 0.003; P < 0.0001). The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity <20/200) was 16.2% of eyes. Mean deviation (MD) 20db or worse was noted in 39.5% of eyes at presentation including 47.8% of PACG, 37.3% of POAG, 51% of JOAG, 58% of PXG, and 45% of SIG, suggesting disease severity. Conclusion At the presentation to a tertiary care center, 40% of all eyes with glaucoma had advanced disease with MD worse than - 20D. PACG and JOAG had the worse disease among primary; among secondary, PXG and SIG had the worse disease at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Seth
- Department of Glaucoma, VST Centre for Glaucoma Care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sirisha Senthil
- Department of Glaucoma, VST Centre for Glaucoma Care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anthony Vipin Das
- Department of EyeSmart EMR and AEye, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Chandrasekar Garudadri
- Department of Glaucoma, VST Centre for Glaucoma Care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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18
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Castro C, Marta A, Marques JH, Ferreira A, José D, Sousa P, Neves I, Menéres MJ, Barbosa I. Ocular Surface Changes in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Treated With Topical Antihypertensive Drugs. J Glaucoma 2023; 32:e113-e120. [PMID: 37523629 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS In this study, patients with glaucoma undergoing topical antihypertensive (TAH) drugs had changes in the ocular surface and more dry eye symptoms than controls. Clinicians should recognize the influence of TAH drops on exacerbating ocular surface disease. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular surface of eyes with glaucoma treated with TAH drugs. METHODS Cross-sectional study that included eyes undergoing TAH drugs due to primary open angle glaucoma and controls. The parameters evaluated were: the basal tear flow (basic secretion test); the tear film osmolarity (TearLab); and the noninvasive break-up time, blink score, lipid layer thickness, tear meniscus height, and loss area of the meibomian glands, measured with the IDRA Ocular Surface Analyser. Presence of symptoms [Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)], dry eye disease (DED, TFOS DEWS II criteria), and corneal fluorescein staining were assessed. RESULTS We included 154 eyes (154 patients), 77 undergoing TAH drugs for glaucoma (group 1) and 77 of controls (group 2). The tear film osmolarity ( P =0.003) and the loss area of the meibomian glands ( P =0.004) were higher in group 1. The noninvasive break-up time ( P =0.005), lipid layer thickness ( P =0.006), and tear meniscus height ( P =0.001) were lower in group 1. The global OSDI score ( P <0.001), the proportion of eyes with severe disease ( P =0.002), according to the OSDI, and with DED ( P <0.001), according to the TFOS DEWS II criteria, were higher in group 1. The proportion of patients with corneal fluorescein staining was higher in group 1 ( P <0.001). There were no significant differences in eyes taking TAH drugs with and without preservatives ( P >0.127). CONCLUSIONS DED, in patients with glaucoma, is a multifactorial disease, with a strong contribution from TAH drugs. These eyes had changes in almost every measured parameter, translating into the presence of more dry eye symptoms and corneal damage when compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Castro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
| | - Ana Marta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for the Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto
| | - João H Marques
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
| | - André Ferreira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana José
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
| | - Paulo Sousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
| | - Isabel Neves
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
| | - Maria João Menéres
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for the Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto
| | - Irene Barbosa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for the Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto
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19
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Fenwick EK, Lim B, Man REK, Baskaran M, Nongpiur M, Sng CCA, Iyer JV, Husain R, Perera S, Wong T, Low JR, Loe BS, Huang OS, Lun K, Aung T, Lamoureux EL. Measuring glaucoma quality of life in an Asian population using item banking: psychometric evaluation and computerized adaptive testing simulations. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:2667-2679. [PMID: 37118365 PMCID: PMC10147351 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the psychometric properties of glaucoma-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) item banks (IBs), and explore their efficiency using computerized adaptive testing (CAT) simulations. METHODS In this cross-sectional, clinical study, 300 Asian glaucoma patients answered 221 items within seven IBs: Ocular Comfort Symptoms (OS); Activity Limitation (AL); Lighting (LT); Mobility (MB); Glaucoma Management (GM); Psychosocial (PSY); and Work (WK). Rasch analysis was conducted to assess each IB's psychometric properties (e.g., item "fit" to the construct; unidimensionality) and a set of analytic performance criteria guiding decision making relating to retaining or dropping domains and items was employed. CAT simulations determined the mean number of items for 'high' and 'moderate' measurement precision (stopping rule: SEM 0.3 and 0.387, respectively). RESULTS Participants' mean age was 67.2 ± 9.2 years (62% male; 87% Chinese). LT, MB, and GM displayed good psychometric properties overall. To optimize AL's psychometric properties, 16 items were deleted due to poor "fit", high missing data, item bias, low discrimination and/or a low clinical/patient importance rating. To resolve multidimensionality in PSY, we rehomed 16 items into a "Concern (CN)" domain. PSY and CN required further amendment, including collapsing of response categories, and removal of poorly functioning items (N = 7). Due to poor measurement precision, low applicability and high ceiling effect, low test information indices, and low item separation index the WK IB was not considered further. In CAT simulations on the final seven IBs (n = 182 items total), an average of 12.1 and 15.7 items per IB were required for moderate and high precision measurement, respectively. CONCLUSIONS After reengineering our seven IBs, they displayed robust psychometric properties and good efficiency in CAT simulations. Once finalized, GlauCAT™-Asian may enable comprehensive assessment of the HRQoL impact of glaucoma and associated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva K Fenwick
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Belicia Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Ryan E K Man
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mani Baskaran
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Monisha Nongpiur
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Chelvin C A Sng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- School of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jayant Venkatramani Iyer
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Rahat Husain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Shamira Perera
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Tina Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Rong Low
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Bao Sheng Loe
- School of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivia Shimin Huang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katherine Lun
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ecosse L Lamoureux
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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20
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Sekimitsu S, Xiang D, Smith SL, Curran K, Elze T, Friedman DS, Foster PJ, Luo Y, Pasquale LR, Peto T, Segrè AV, Shweikh Y, Warwick A, Zhao Y, Wiggs JL, Zebardast N. Deep Ocular Phenotyping Across Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Burden. JAMA Ophthalmol 2023; 141:891-899. [PMID: 37589995 PMCID: PMC10436188 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Importance Better understanding of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) genetics could enable timely screening and promote individualized disease risk prognostication. Objective To evaluate phenotypic features across genetic burden for POAG. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted from 2006 to 2010. Included participants were individuals from the UK Biobank aged 40 to 69 years. Individuals with non-POAG forms of glaucoma were excluded from the analysis. Data were statistically analyzed from October 2022 to January 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures POAG prevalence based on structural coding, self-reports, and glaucoma-related traits. Results Among 407 667 participants (mean [SD] age, 56.3 [8.1] years; 219 183 majority sex [53.8%]) were 14 171 POAG cases. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve for POAG detection was 0.748 in a model including polygenic risk score (PRS), age, sex, and ancestry. POAG prevalence in the highest decile of PRS was 7.4% (3005 of 40 644) vs 1.3% (544 of 40 795) in lowest decile (P < .001). A 1-SD increase in PRS was associated with 1.74 times higher odds of POAG (95% CI, 1.71-1.77), a 0.61-mm Hg increase in corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOP; 95% CI, 0.59-0.64), a -0.09-mm Hg decrease in corneal hysteresis (95% CI, -0.10 to -0.08), a 0.08-mm Hg increase in corneal resistance factor (95% CI, 0.06-0.09), and a -0.08-diopter decrease in spherical equivalent (95% CI, -0.11 to -0.07; P < .001 for all). A 1-SD increase in PRS was associated with a thinning of the macula-region retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) of 0.14 μm and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) of 0.26 μm (P < .001 for both). In the subset of individuals with fundus photographs, a 1-SD increase in PRS was associated with 1.42 times higher odds of suspicious optic disc features (95% CI, 1.19-1.69) and a 0.013 increase in cup-disc ratio (CDR; 95% CI, 0.012-0.014; P < .001 for both). A total of 22 of 5193 fundus photographs (0.4%) in decile 10 had disc hemorrhages, and 27 of 5257 (0.5%) had suspicious optic disc features compared with 9 of 5158 (0.2%) and 10 of 5219 (0.2%), respectively, in decile 1 (P < .001 for both). CDR in decile 10 was 0.46 compared with 0.41 in decile 1 (P < .001). Conclusion and Relevance Results suggest that PRS identified a group of individuals at substantially higher risk for POAG. Higher genetic risk was associated with more advanced disease, namely higher CDR and corneal-compensated IOP, thinner mRNFL, and thinner GCC. Associations with POAG PRS and corneal hysteresis and greater prevalence of disc hemorrhages were identified. These results suggest that genetic risk is an increasingly important parameter for risk stratification to consider in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Katie Curran
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Elze
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David S. Friedman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Paul J. Foster
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital & UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuyang Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Louis R. Pasquale
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, New York
| | - Tunde Peto
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ayellet V. Segrè
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yusrah Shweikh
- Sussex Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair Warwick
- University College London, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nazlee Zebardast
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
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21
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Zhu M, Yan Y. The surge of acute angle-closure glaucoma during the outbreak of Omicron in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:2709-2711. [PMID: 37103623 PMCID: PMC10134690 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since December 2022, China has eliminated the compulsory nucleic acid screening, which led to a new pandemic of Omicron. We observed a surge of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) at a largest tertiary hospital in Shanghai. We evaluated the potential relationship between the infection of Omicron and the occurrence of PACG. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we identified 41 patients diagnosed with PACG from 523 individuals registered in ophthalmic emergency from December 2022 to January 2023. We compared the proportion of PACG patients in all the patients registered at the ophthalmic emergency department in the corresponding period (December and January) from 2018 to 2023. RESULTS The proportion of PACG patients rose to 6.74% and 9.13%, nearly a five-fold increase compared to the previous 1.90%. The proportion of PACG patients throughout 2022 also increased in the recent 2 months. All PACG patients in our center from Dec. 21st 2022 to Jan. 27th 2023 had positive nucleic acid tests at their initial visits. The peak of glaucoma came around Dec. 27th 2022, while the peak of the internal medicine emergency came around Jan. 5th 2023. CONCLUSIONS The behavior pattern of the infected people and anxiety mood would induce the PACG attack. Some ophthalmic advice should be added to the Chinese treatment guidelines for COVID-19. Also, a shallow anterior chamber and narrow angle need to be ruled out when necessary. Further studies on larger populations are needed to explore the relationship between PACG and Covid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Pujian Road 160, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Pujian Road 160, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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22
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Figus M, Sacchi M, Rossi GC, Babighian S, Del Castillo JMB, de Polo L, Melchionda E, Posarelli C. Ocular surface and glaucoma, a mutual relationship. Practical suggestions for classification and management. Eur J Ophthalmol 2023:11206721231199157. [PMID: 37649335 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231199157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The chronic use of glaucoma medications could improve the development of an ocular comorbidity, the glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease. This could be related to the exposure of the conjunctiva to preservatives, but also active compounds such as prostaglandin analogues may improve the risk of ocular surface inflammation. Inflammation has a negative impact on tolerability and adherence to eyedrops and to the outcome of filtration surgery as well. A stratification of glaucoma patients based not only on visual field progression but also on glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease would be desirable for a strategic management. Early diagnosis, individualized treatment, and safe surgical management should be the hallmarks of glaucoma treatment. One of the main issues for the proper and successful management of patients is the right timing, effectiveness and safety for both medical and surgical treatment options leading to a precision medicine in glaucoma disease as the best modern treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Figus
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Sacchi
- Eye clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital - IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Gemma Caterina Rossi
- Department of Surgical Science, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- ASST Bergamo Est, Ambulatorio di Oculistica, Ospedale MO A.Locatelli, Piario, Italy
| | - Silvia Babighian
- Department Ophthalmology, Sant'Antonio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - José Manuel Benitez Del Castillo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos de Madrid Department of Ophthalmology, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eugenio Melchionda
- UOC Chirurgica Oftalmologica e di Urgenza, Presidio Ospedaliero Oftalmico, ASL ROMA1, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Posarelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Gao R, Liu J, Zhou X, Huang L, Huang W, Xue Y, Wang F, Gong S, Wu R, Wang Y. Influence of Pilocarpine Eyedrops on the Ocular Biometric Parameters and Intraocular Lens Power Calculation. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:7680659. [PMID: 37455794 PMCID: PMC10348856 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7680659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the influence of pilocarpine eyedrops on the ocular biometric parameters and whether these parameter changes affect the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods Twenty-two PACG patients and fifteen normal subjects were enrolled. Ocular biometric parameters including the axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), mean keratometry (Km), and white-to-white distance (WTW) were measured by using a Lenstar LS 900 device before and at least 30 minutes after instillation of 2% pilocarpine eyedrops. Lens position (LP) was calculated, and the IOL power prediction based on the ocular biometric parameters was performed using the Barrett Universal II, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay I, or SRK/T formulas before and after pilocarpine application. Results In both PACG and normal groups, pilocarpine eyedrops induced a slight but statistically significant increase in the mean AL (0.01 mm for both groups) and mean LT (0.02 mm and 0.03 mm, respectively) but a significant decrease in the mean ACD (0.03 mm and 0.05 mm, respectively) and mean LP (0.02 mm and 0.04 mm, respectively). No significant changes in the mean Km and WTW were noticed in both groups. In addition, the IOL power calculation revealed insignificant changes before and after the pilocarpine instillation in both groups, regardless of the formula used. Conclusions Pilocarpine eyedrops can induce slight changes in the ocular biometric parameters including the AL, ACD, LT, and LP. However, these parameter changes will not result in a significant difference in IOL power estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Jinkun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Luping Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Weiyi Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Yingying Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Songjian Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen 361001, China
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Agarwal R, Agarwal P, Iezhitsa I. Exploring the current use of animal models in glaucoma drug discovery: where are we in 2023? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1287-1300. [PMID: 37608634 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2246892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Animal models are widely used in glaucoma-related research. Since the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor underlying the disease pathogenesis, animal models with high IOP are commonly used. However, models are also used to represent the clinical context of glaucomatous changes developing despite a normal IOP. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors discuss the various factors that contribute to the quality of studies using animal models based on the evaluation of studies published in 2022. The factors affecting the quality of studies using animal models, such as the animal species, age, and sex, are discussed, along with various methods and outcomes of studies involving different animal models of glaucoma. EXPERT OPINION Translating animal research data to clinical applications remains challenging. Our observations in this review clearly indicate that many studies lack scientific robustness not only in their experiment conduct but also in data analysis, interpretation, and presentation. In this context, ensuring the internal validity of animal studies is the first step in quality assurance. External validity, however, is more challenging, and steps should be taken to satisfy external validity at least to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia
| | - Puneet Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia
| | - Igor Iezhitsa
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia
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25
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Kondkar AA, Azad TA, Sultan T, Osman EA, Almobarak FA, Lobo GP, Al-Obeidan SA. The 3' UTR polymorphisms rs3742330 in DICER1 and rs10719 in DROSHA genes are not associated with primary open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma: As case-control study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284852. [PMID: 37099569 PMCID: PMC10132650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM In a retrospective and exploratory case-control study, we examined the genetic association of two common polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of DICER1 (rs3742330) and DROSHA (rs10719) genes in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), and its related clinical phenotypes in a Saudi cohort. METHODS DNA genotyping was performed using TaqMan real-time PCR assays in 500 participants, including 152 POAG, 102 PACG, and 246 non-glaucomatous controls. Statistical analyses were performed to examine the association(s). RESULTS Allele and genotype frequency of rs3742330 and rs10719 did not vary significantly in POAG and PACG compared to controls. No significant deviation was observed from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (p > 0.05). Gender stratification revealed no significant allelic/genotype association with glaucoma types. Also, these polymorphisms showed no significant genotype effect on clinical markers such as intraocular pressure, cup/disc ratio, and the number of antiglaucoma medications. Logistic regression showed no effect of age, sex, rs3742330, and rs10719 genotypes on the risk of disease outcome. We also examined a combined allelic effect of rs3742330 (A>G) and rs10719 (A>G). However, none of the allelic combinations significantly affected POAG and PACG. CONCLUSIONS The 3' UTR polymorphisms rs3742330 and rs10719 of DICER1 and DROSHA genes are not associated with POAG and PACG or its related glaucoma indices in this Middle-Eastern cohort of Saudi Arab ethnicity. However, there is a need to validate the results on a broader population and other ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A. Kondkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A. Azad
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahira Sultan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Osman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A. Almobarak
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glenn P. Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Saleh A. Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Douglass A, Dattilo M, Feola AJ. Evidence for Menopause as a Sex-Specific Risk Factor for Glaucoma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:79-97. [PMID: 34981287 PMCID: PMC9250947 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by progressive loss of visual function and retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Current epidemiological, clinical, and basic science evidence suggest that estrogen plays a role in the aging of the optic nerve. Menopause, a major biological life event affecting all women, coincides with a decrease in circulating sex hormones, such as estrogen. While 59% of the glaucomatous population are females, sex is not considered a risk factor for developing glaucoma. In this review, we explore whether menopause is a sex-specific risk factor for glaucoma. First, we investigate how menopause is defined as a sex-specific risk factor for other pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and bone health. Next, we discuss clinical evidence that highlights the potential role of menopause in glaucoma. We also highlight preclinical studies that demonstrate larger vision and RGC loss following surgical menopause and how estrogen is protective in models of RGC injury. Lastly, we explore how surgical menopause and estrogen signaling are related to risk factors associated with developing glaucoma (e.g., intraocular pressure, aqueous outflow resistance, and ocular biomechanics). We hypothesize that menopause potentially sets the stage to develop glaucoma and therefore is a sex-specific risk factor for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Douglass
- grid.484294.7Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA USA
| | - Michael Dattilo
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, Emory University School of Medicine, B2503, Clinic B Building, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.414026.50000 0004 0419 4084Department of Ophthalmology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA USA ,grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Andrew J. Feola
- grid.484294.7Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, Emory University School of Medicine, B2503, Clinic B Building, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
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Lambuk L, Suhaimi NAA, Sadikan MZ, Jafri AJA, Ahmad S, Nasir NAA, Uskoković V, Kadir R, Mohamud R. Nanoparticles for the treatment of glaucoma-associated neuroinflammation. EYE AND VISION 2022; 9:26. [PMID: 35778750 PMCID: PMC9250254 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a considerable amount of literature has emerged around the theme of neuroinflammation linked to neurodegeneration. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by visual impairment. Understanding the complex neuroinflammatory processes underlying retinal ganglion cell loss has the potential to improve conventional therapeutic approaches in glaucoma. Due to the presence of multiple barriers that a systemically administered drug has to cross to reach the intraocular space, ocular drug delivery has always been a challenge. Nowadays, studies are focused on improving the current therapies for glaucoma by utilizing nanoparticles as the modes of drug transport across the ocular anatomical and physiological barriers. This review offers some important insights on the therapeutic advancements made in this direction, focusing on the use of nanoparticles loaded with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents in the treatment of glaucoma. The prospect of these novel therapies is discussed in relation to the current therapies to alleviate inflammation in glaucoma, which are being reviewed as well, along with the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms governing the onset and the progression of the disease.
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Park S, Casanova MI, Bannasch DL, Daley NL, Kim S, Kuchtey J, Gomes FE, Leonard BC, Good KL, Martins BDC, Murphy CJ, Thomasy SM. Ocular morphologic traits in the American Cocker Spaniel may confer primary angle closure glaucoma susceptibility. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18980. [PMID: 36348026 PMCID: PMC9643544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute primary angle closure glaucoma is a potentially blinding ophthalmic emergency requiring prompt treatment to lower the elevated intraocular pressure in humans and dogs. The PACG in most of canine breeds is epidemiologically similar to humans with older and female patients overrepresented with the condition. The American Cocker Spaniel (ACS) is among the most common breeds observed with PACG development in dogs. This study initially sought to identify genetic risk factors to explain the high prevalence of PACG in ACSs by using a case-control breed-matched genome-wide association study. However, the GWAS failed to identify candidate loci associated with PACG in this breed. This study then assessed intrinsic ocular morphologic traits that may relate to PACG susceptibility in this breed. Normal ACSs without glaucoma have a crowded anterior ocular segment and narrow iridocorneal angle and ciliary cleft, which is consistent with anatomical risk factors identified in humans. The ACSs showed unique features consisting of posterior bowing of iris and longer iridolenticular contact, which mirrors reverse pupillary block and pigment dispersion syndrome in humans. The ACS could hold potential to serve as an animal model of naturally occurring PACG in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwan Park
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - M. Isabel Casanova
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Danika L. Bannasch
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Nicole L. Daley
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Soohyun Kim
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - John Kuchtey
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Filipe Espinheira Gomes
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University Ithaca, New York, 14853 USA ,Present Address: Small Animal Specialist Hospital, North Ryde, NSW 2113 Australia
| | - Brian C. Leonard
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Kathryn L. Good
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Bianca da C. Martins
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Christopher J. Murphy
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
| | - Sara M. Thomasy
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
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Wang Y, Chen L, Cai F, Gao J, Ouyang F, Chen Y, Yin M, Hua C, Zeng X. Altered functional connectivity of the thalamus in primary angle-closure glaucoma patients: A resting-state fMRI study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1015758. [PMID: 36277918 PMCID: PMC9583913 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1015758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Glaucoma is one of the leading irreversible causes of blindness worldwide, and previous studies have shown that there is abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients. The thalamus is a relay nucleus for visual signals; however, it is not yet clear how the FC of the thalamus is altered in glaucoma. This study investigated the alterations in thalamic FC in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) by using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). We hypothesized that PACG patients have abnormal FC between the thalamus and visual as well as extravisual brain regions. Methods Clinically confirmed PACG patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated by T1 anatomical and functional MRI on a 3 T scanner. Thirty-four PACG patients and 33 HCs were included in the rs-fMRI analysis. All PACG patients underwent complete ophthalmological examinations; included retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), intraocular pressure (IOP), average cup-to-disc ratio (A-C/D), and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (V-C/D). After the MRI data were preprocessed, the bilateral thalamus was chosen as the seed point; and the differences in resting-state FC between groups were evaluated. The brain regions that significantly differed between PACG patients and HCs were identified, and the correlations were then evaluated between the FC coefficients of these regions and clinical variables. Results Compared with the HCs, the PACG patients showed decreased FC between the bilateral thalamus and right transverse temporal gyrus, between the bilateral thalamus and left anterior cingulate cortex, and between the left thalamus and left insula. Concurrently, increased FC was found between the bilateral thalamus and left superior frontal gyrus in PACG patients. The FC between the bilateral thalamus and left superior frontal gyrus was positively correlated with RNFLT and negatively correlated with the A-C/D and V-C/D. The FC between the left thalamus and left insula was negatively correlated with IOP. Conclusion Extensive abnormal resting-state functional connections between the thalamus and visual and extravisual brain areas were found in PACG patients, and there were certain correlations with clinical variables, suggesting that abnormal thalamic FC plays an important role in the progression of PACG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linglong Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fengqin Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Ouyang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingxue Yin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chengpeng Hua
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianjun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xianjun Zeng
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Aswa M, Helmy H, Noweir S, Ismail S, Taha A, Atef A. Impact of rs11024102 PLEKHA7, rs3753841 COL11A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and serum levels of oxidative stress markers on the risk of primary angle-closure glaucoma in Egyptians. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:126. [PMID: 36036827 PMCID: PMC9424413 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is one of the major causes of blindness in the Middle East with genetic loci and systemic oxidative stress as potential risk factors. The current case-control study aimed to investigate the associations of rs11024102 in Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 7 (PLEKHA7), rs3753841 in collagen 11 A1 (COL11A1), and the systemic oxidative stress markers with PACG in Egyptian patients. Thirty-five control subjects and 64 PACG patients were enrolled in this study. The polymorphisms in PLEKHA7 and COL11A1 were analyzed using quantitative PCR, and their associations were statistically tested with PACG at homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive genetic models. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation-end product (AOPP), protein carbonyl (PC), and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) were quantitated colorimetrically, and their associations with PACG were analyzed statistically. The associations of MDA, AOPP, PC, and IMA with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) were statistically tested. Results Neither significant difference in the genotype distribution nor allele frequency of PLEKHA7 11024102 T>C (p = 0.425 and 0.517, respectively) and COL11A1 rs3753841 G>A (p = 0.600 and 0.473, respectively) were recorded under any of the tested genetic models. Either rs11024102 PLEKHA7 or rs3753841 COL11A1 was not significantly (p > 0.025 after Bonferroni correction) associated with an increased risk of PACG in Egyptians. Egyptian patients with PACG showed significant elevations in the serum levels of MDA, AOPP, and PC either in patients with or without cases with diabetes mellites, hypertension, coronary vascular diseases, and smoking. Serum levels of MDA, AOPP, and PC were significantly associated with PACG in Egyptians (p < 0.013 after Bonferroni correction). However, MDA and PC only showed significant associations with the elevation in the IOP (p = 0.007 and 0.045, respectively) in PACG patients. Conclusion Both rs11024102 and rs3753841 could not be considered as potential gene-dependent risk factors for PACG pathogenesis in Egyptians. On the other hand, serum levels of MDA, AOPP, and PC might be considered risk factors for PACG. Moreover, MDA and PC could serve as good predictors for the elevation of the IOP in PACG disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Aswa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Hazem Helmy
- Department of Glaucoma and Optic Nerve Disease, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shahira Noweir
- Department of Human Genetics, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Somaia Ismail
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - AlShaimaa Taha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Azza Atef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Qian C, Jiang Y, Soh ZD, Sakthi Selvam G, Xiao S, Tham YC, Xu X, Liu Y, Li J, Zhong H, Cheng CY. Smartphone-Acquired Anterior Segment Images for Deep Learning Prediction of Anterior Chamber Depth: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:912214. [PMID: 35814744 PMCID: PMC9259953 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.912214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop a deep learning (DL) algorithm for predicting anterior chamber depth (ACD) from smartphone-acquired anterior segment photographs. Methods For algorithm development, we included 4,157 eyes from 2,084 Chinese primary school students (aged 11–15 years) from Mojiang Myopia Progression Study (MMPS). All participants had with ACD measurement measured with Lenstar (LS 900) and anterior segment photographs acquired from a smartphone (iPhone Xs), which was mounted on slit lamp and under diffuses lighting. The anterior segment photographs were randomly selected by person into training (80%, no. of eyes = 3,326) and testing (20%, no. of eyes = 831) dataset. We excluded participants with intraocular surgery history or pronounced corneal haze. A convolutional neural network was developed to predict ACD based on these anterior segment photographs. To determine the accuracy of our algorithm, we measured the mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were evaluated. Bland Altman plot was used to illustrate the agreement between DL-predicted and measured ACD values. Results In the test set of 831 eyes, the mean measured ACD was 3.06 ± 0.25 mm, and the mean DL-predicted ACD was 3.10 ± 0.20 mm. The MAE was 0.16 ± 0.13 mm, and R2 was 0.40 between the predicted and measured ACD. The overall mean difference was −0.04 ± 0.20 mm, with 95% limits of agreement ranging between −0.43 and 0.34 mm. The generated saliency maps showed that the algorithm mainly utilized central corneal region (i.e., the site where ACD is clinically measured typically) in making its prediction, providing further plausibility to the algorithm's prediction. Conclusions We developed a DL algorithm to estimate ACD based on smartphone-acquired anterior segment photographs. Upon further validation, our algorithm may be further refined for use as a ACD screening tool in rural localities where means of assessing ocular biometry is not readily available. This is particularly important in China where the risk of primary angle closure disease is high and often undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxu Qian
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixing Jiang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (AStar), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Da Soh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ganesan Sakthi Selvam
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (AStar), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuyuan Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinxing Xu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (AStar), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (AStar), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Ching-Yu Cheng
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Man REK, Fenwick EK, Khadka J, Wu Z, Skalicky S, Pesudovs K, Lamoureux EL. Psychometric Evaluation of Glaucoma Quality of Life Item Banks (GlauCAT) and Initial Assessment Using Computerized Adaptive Testing. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:9. [PMID: 35679035 PMCID: PMC9187937 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.6.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the psychometric properties of glaucoma-specific quality of life (QoL) item banks (GlauCAT) and assess their performance using computerized adaptive testing (CAT) simulations. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 293 participants with glaucoma (mean age ± SD, 70.7 ± 13.2 years; 45% female) answered 342 items in 12 QoL item banks (IBs): Activity Limitation (AL); Driving (DV); Convenience (CV); Economic (EC); Emotional (EM); General Symptoms (GS); Health Concerns (HC); Lighting (LT); Mobility (MB); Ocular Surface Symptoms (OS); Social (SC); and Visual Symptoms (VS). These IBs were assessed using Rasch analysis, and CAT simulations with 1000 simulated respondents were utilized to determine the average number of items to be administered to achieve moderate and high precision levels. Results The AL, DV, EM, HC, LT, MB, EC, OS, SC, and VS IBs required relatively minor amendments to achieve satisfactory psychometric fit. To resolve multidimensionality, we split CV into Treatment Convenience (TCV) and General Convenience (GCV). Due to poor measurement precision, the GS IB was not pursued further. This resulted in 12 total IBs. In CAT simulations, an average of 3.7 and 7.3 items per IB were required to attain measurement at moderate and high precision, respectively. Conclusions Following rigorous psychometric assessment, we developed 12 valid glaucoma-specific QoL domains that can obtain highly precise person measure estimates using a small number of items. Translational Relevance GlauCAT will enable researchers and clinicians to quickly and comprehensively assess the impact of glaucoma and its associated interventions across a range of QoL domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Eyn Kidd Man
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke–NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eva K. Fenwick
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke–NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jyoti Khadka
- Health and Social Care Economics Group, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Registry of Senior Australians, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Business School, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - ZhiChao Wu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Skalicky
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Konrad Pesudovs
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ecosse L. Lamoureux
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke–NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tang Y, Shah S, Cho KS, Sun X, Chen DF. Metabolomics in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:835736. [PMID: 35645711 PMCID: PMC9135181 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.835736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. It is suggested that primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common form of glaucoma, may be associated with significant metabolic alternations, but the systemic literature review and meta-analysis in the area have been missing. Altered metabolomic profiles in the aqueous humor and plasma may serve as possible biomarkers for early detection or treatment targets. In this article, we performed a systematic meta-analysis of the current literature surrounding the metabolomics of patients with POAG and metabolites associated with the disease. Results suggest several metabolites found to be specifically altered in patients with POAG, suggesting broad generalizability and pathways for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Tang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simran Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kin-Sang Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Feng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dong Feng Chen,
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Chandrakanth P, Chavan S, Verghese S, Gosalia H, Raman GV, Shettigar CK, Narendran V. Smartphone Gonioscopy With a Magnifying Intraocular Lens: A Cost-effective Angle Imaging Device. J Glaucoma 2022; 31:356-360. [PMID: 35220386 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gonioscopy is an important part of glaucoma diagnosis and management. Imaging and documentation of the anterior chamber angle has been previously performed using slit-lamp-assisted photography or using smartphones with or without an attached macro lens. Smartphones have transformed ophthalmic imaging by virtue of their availability, easy use, and portability. In this report, the authors aim to demonstrate gonio-imaging using a smartphone attached with an intraocular lens which behaves like a macro lens. With the patient in a sitting position or in the supine position, a goniolens is placed on the patient's cornea. A smartphone with a 10 D intraocular lens attachment over its camera is used to take images or videos of the anterior chamber angle with high magnification. This imaging modality is cost-effective and can be used for screening and photographic documentation of the angle, and can be of immense benefit, especially in primary health care centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hirika Gosalia
- General Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital & Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
| | | | - Chandrakanth K Shettigar
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Dr Chandrakanth Malabar Nethralaya, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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Asian Race and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Where Do We Stand? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092486. [PMID: 35566612 PMCID: PMC9099679 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is an optic neuropathy characterized by irreversible retinal ganglion cell damage and visual field loss. The global POAG prevalence is estimated to be 3.05%, and near term is expected to significantly rise, especially within aging Asian populations. Primary angle-closure glaucoma disproportionately affects Asians, with up to four times greater prevalence of normal-tension glaucoma reported compared with high-tension glaucoma. Estimates for overall POAG prevalence in Asian populations vary, with Chinese and Indian populations representing the majority of future cases. Structural characteristics associated with glaucoma progression including the optic nerve head, retina, and cornea are distinct in Asians, serving as intermediates between African and European descent populations. Patterns in IOP suggest some similarities between races, with a significant inverse relationship between age and IOP only in Asian populations. Genetic differences have been suggested to play a role in these differences, however, a clear genetic pattern is yet to be established. POAG pathogenesis differs between Asians and other ethnicities, and it may differ within the broad classification of the Asian race. Greater awareness and further research are needed to improve treatment plans and outcomes for the increasingly high prevalence of normal tension glaucoma within aging Asian populations.
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Ryu KJ, Lee JY. Comparison of Anterior Chamber Depth with Posture Change Between Primary and lens-induced Angle Closure Glaucomas. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2022.63.3.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the changes in central anterior chamber depth between supine and sitting positions using an ultrasound biomicroscope among acute angle closure glaucoma, lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, and normal groups.Methods: This study included 18, 13, and 29 individuals with acute angle closure glaucoma, lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, and control, respectively. The central anterior chamber depth, trabecular iris angle, corneal curvature, and axial length were measured in the sitting and supine positions.Results: The central anterior chamber depth in the supine and sitting positions were 1.61 ± 0.47 mm and 1.55 ± 0.46 mm in the acute angle closure glaucoma, which were significantly smaller than those in the normal group (2.48 ± 0.49 mm and 2.47 ± 0.50 mm) (p = 0.01 and p = 0.009, respectively). In lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, the central anterior chamber depth in the supine and sitting positions were 1.65 ± 0.84 mm and 1.52 ± 0.82 mm, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those in the normal group (p < 0.001 for both). The absolute change in central anterior chamber depth with posture alteration was significantly larger in both acute angle closure glaucoma (0.15 ± 0.09 mm) and lens-induced angle closure glaucoma (0.25 ± 0.11 mm) than in the normal control (0.09 ± 0.08 mm) (p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively). The largest amount of change was shown in the lens-induced angle closure glaucoma (p = 0.012). The absolute change in anterior chamber angle with posture change wa not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.165).Conclusions: Compared to the control group, the central anterior chamber depth was smaller in both glaucoma groups. The absolute change in the anterior chamber depth with posture was significantly larger in the lens-induced angle closure glaucoma than in acute angle closure glaucoma.
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Reis TF, Paula JS, Furtado JM. Primary glaucomas in adults: Epidemiology and public health-A review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 50:128-142. [PMID: 35037725 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a mixed group of optic neuropathies that lead to irreversible visual field loss and blindness if left untreated. It is estimated that 3.5% of the global population aged 40 to 80 years have any glaucoma, being the primary open-angle and the primary angle-closure glaucoma the most prevalent forms. Although the age-standardised prevalence of blindness caused by glaucoma has decreased substantially over the last decades, population growth and ageing impose many challenges in preventing glaucoma-related morbidities on a global level. In addition, difficulties in diagnoses and treatment, along with its chronic and irreversible nature, urge the development and implementation of innovative approaches in confronting the disease. This manuscript reviews recent literature related to the epidemiology of primary glaucomas in adults, the risk factors attributed to the development of the disease, and discuss challenges and potential solutions from a public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulio F Reis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jayter S Paula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João M Furtado
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Alawad M, Aljouie A, Alamri S, Alghamdi M, Alabdulkader B, Alkanhal N, Almazroa A. Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Optic Disc and Cup Segmentation – A Review. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:747-764. [PMID: 35300031 PMCID: PMC8923700 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s348479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness. Detecting glaucoma in the early stages is essential to avoid disease complications, which lead to blindness. Thus, computer-aided diagnosis systems are powerful tools to overcome the shortage of glaucoma screening programs. Methods A systematic search of public databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and other sources, was performed to identify relevant studies to overview the publicly available fundus image datasets used to train, validate, and test machine learning and deep learning methods. Additionally, existing machine learning and deep learning methods for optic cup and disc segmentation were surveyed and critically reviewed. Results Eight fundus images datasets were publicly available with 15,445 images labeled with glaucoma or non-glaucoma, and manually annotated optic disc and cup boundaries were found. Five metrics were identified for evaluating the developed models. Finally, three main deep learning architectural designs were commonly used for optic disc and optic cup segmentation. Conclusion We provided future research directions to formulate robust optic cup and disc segmentation systems. Deep learning can be utilized in clinical settings for this task. However, many challenges need to be addressed before using this strategy in clinical trials. Finally, two deep learning architectural designs have been widely adopted, such as U-net and its variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alawad
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Aljouie
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhailah Alamri
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Labs, National Center for Artificial Intelligence, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alghamdi
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balsam Alabdulkader
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alkanhal
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almazroa
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Ahmed Almazroa; Abdulrhman Aljouie, Email ;
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Sekimitsu S, Wang J, Elze T, Segrè AV, Wiggs JL, Zebardast N. Interaction of background genetic risk, psychotropic medications, and primary angle closure glaucoma in the UK Biobank. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270530. [PMID: 35763501 PMCID: PMC9239437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Psychotropic medications have been reported as a risk factor for angle closure disease. However, the interaction between background genetic risk for primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and susceptibility to angle closure disease among psychotropic medication users has not been investigated. Here we demonstrate the utility of a genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) in identifying and risk-stratifying subjects with PACG and investigate the association between PACG genetic burden and exposure to psychotropic medications on prevalent angle closure. METHODS This analysis used the UK Biobank dataset, a prospective cohort study of 502,506 UK residents. We constructed a PACG PRS for participants using genome-wide association study summary statistics from a multiethnic meta-analysis using the Lassosum method. RESULTS Among the 441,054 participants, 959 (0.22%) were identified as PACG cases. Individuals with PACG had higher PRS compared to those without PACG (0.24±1.03 SD vs. 0.00±1.00 SD, p<0.001) and PACG prevalence increased with each decile of higher PRS. Among individuals using psychotropic medication, those with PACG had higher average PRS (0.31±1.00 SD vs. 0.00±1.00 SD, p<0.001) and were more likely to have a PRS in upper deciles of polygenic risk (p = 0.04). At each decile of PRS, psychotropic medication use was associated with increased risk of PACG. These effects were more pronounced and significant in higher deciles. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the utility of a PRS for identifying individuals at higher risk of PACG. Additionally, we demonstrate an important relationship where the association between psychotropic medications use and PACG diagnosis varies across the polygenic risk spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Sekimitsu
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Tobias Elze
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ayellet V. Segrè
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Nazlee Zebardast
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang Y, Cun Q, Li J, Shen W, Yang WY, Tao YJ, Niu ZQ, Zhang Y, Zhong H, Pan CW. Prevalence, ethnic differences and risk factors of primary angle-closure glaucoma in a multiethnic Chinese adult population: the Yunnan Minority Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 107:677-682. [PMID: 34933895 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence and risk factors of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and to explore nationality difference in Chinese. METHODS The Yunnan Minority Eye Study was conducted in a rural multiethnic area in Yunnan province and included 6546 participants aged over 50 years. PACG was diagnosed based on International Society of Geographical and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology criteria by experienced ophthalmologists. Multivariate regression modelling was conducted to examine risk factors for PACG. Principal component analyis (PCA) was performed to evaluate the effects of ethnicity on PACG. RESULTS The overall prevalence of PACG was 0.7% (95% CIs: 0.5% to 0.9%). PCA indicated that ethnicity is significantly related to the presence of PACG (p<0.001) after controlling for other risk factors. In addition, higher PACG prevalence was also correlated with older age (60-69 years group (OR: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.11 to 10.84; p<0.05) and 70-79 years group (OR: 4.71; 95% CI: 1.40 to 15.86; p<0.05) as compared with 50-59 years group), higher intraocular pressures (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.36; p<0.001), shorter axial lengths (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.56; p<0.001) and thinner central corneal thicknesses (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.99; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This multiethnic study on Chinese adults living in the same geographical location indicated that ethnicity is a significant risk factor for PACG. However, there were still some of the effects of ethnic differences on the prevalence of PACG that could not be explained and further studies should take culture and lifestyle factors into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Cun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Yan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Jin Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Ezinne NE, Ojukwu CS, Ekemiri KK, Akano OF, Ekure E, Osuagwu UL. Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria-A hospital based study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260965. [PMID: 34855905 PMCID: PMC8639068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the prevalence and clinical presentation of participants with glaucoma attending a public eye care facility in Nigeria. Method Hospital based retrospective study of glaucoma participants aged 50 years and above seen over a 5-year period. Descriptive statistics summarized the demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment of the participants and determined the association of variables with gender and age. Prevalence of the glaucoma by type, and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Result Of the 5482 case files that were reviewed, 995 (18.15%, 95% Cl 17.15–19.19%) had glaucoma particularly primary open angle glaucoma (11.55%, 95%CI 10.73–12.42%) and were mostly females (564, 56.7%) aged 69 ± 12 years (range, 50–103 years). In contrast to other glaucoma types, the prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma (3.68, 95%CI 3.22–4.22) increased by 15% over 5 years. The mean intraocular pressure ranged from 15–50 mmHg but higher in females than males (27.8 ± 6.1mmHg versus 26.6 ± 6.0 mmHg, P <0.05) who had comparable VA (0.58 ± 0.4 Log MAR) and cup-disc ratios (P >0.05). On presentation, the glaucoma hemi field test (GHFT) was outside the normal limits in 45.5% and 54.5% of males and females, respectively. The type of visual field defect was associated with glaucoma type (P = 0.047). Arcuate scotoma was most common (35.5%) across glaucoma types, paracentral scotoma more common in Secondary glaucoma while Seidel scotoma was highest in NTG (19.3%). Beta-blocker was the mainstay of management (42.2%) but more likely to be prescribed to males while more females received carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Conclusions The high prevalence of glaucoma in older people remains a public health problem in Nigeria. The fact that about half of the participants presented with visual field defect suggests there is a need for public health messages to emphasize on early glaucoma screening, detection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngozika E. Ezinne
- Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Optometry Unit, University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
- Department of Optometry, Madonna University, Elele campus, Okija, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuebuka S. Ojukwu
- Department of Optometry, Madonna University, Elele campus, Okija, Nigeria
- Department of Public Health, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kingsley K. Ekemiri
- Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Optometry Unit, University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Obinna F. Akano
- I and Eye Optometry, Bronx, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Edgar Ekure
- Department of Biomedicine, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- African Vision Research Institute, Discipline of Optometry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Long-term outcomes of viscocanalostomy and phaco-viscocanalostomy in patients with narrow angle glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 260:1995-2002. [PMID: 34817675 PMCID: PMC8610789 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the outcomes of viscocanalostomy and phaco-viscocanalostomy in patients with narrow angle glaucoma at a single tertiary eye centre. Method All patients undergoing viscocanalostomy for narrow angle glaucoma between June 2010 and June 2017 with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Data was analysed from a prospectively maintained surgical outcome database. Primary outcome was a change in intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcomes were changes in LogMAR visual acuity, number of eye drops, post-operative complications and further surgical interventions. Success was defined at two IOP cut-off points: IOP ≤ 21 mmHg and IOP ≤ 15 mmHg with (qualified success) or without (complete success) drops. Failure was any repeat glaucoma surgery or loss of light perception. Results Seventy eyes of 46 patients with a mean follow-up of 41.31 months (range 12–60 months) were included. Mean IOP changed from 25.7 ± 9.6 to 15.2, 15.6, 14.6, 13.8 and 14.0 mmHg at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years post-operatively. Drops reduced from 3.2 ± 1.1 pre-operatively to 0.5 at 1 year and 1.1 at all time points thereafter. Qualified success for an IOP ≤ 21 mmHg was achieved in 94.2%, 88.1%, 92.5%, 91.1% and 92.0% and complete success in 63.8%, 37.3%, 30.2%, 22.2% and 24.0% in years 1 to 5, respectively. Qualified success for an IOP ≤ 15 mmHg was achieved in 53.6%, 60.9%, 69.8%, 68.9% and 64.0% and complete success in 39.1%, 26.9%, 22.6%, 20.0% and 8.0% in years 1 to 5, respectively. IOP was significantly lower at all examined post-operative time points (41.1%, 39.3%, 43.3%, 46.4% and 45.3% at years 1 to 5, respectively, p < 0.001 at all time points). Four eyes (5.7%) failed to meet any of the success criteria. Of these, 3 eyes (4.3%) required further glaucoma surgery and one eye (1.4%) progressed to no perception of light at 48 months. No patients had an IOP ≤ 5 mmHg on two consecutive occasions after 3 months. Conclusion Viscocanalostomy and phaco-viscocanalostomy are a safe and effective surgical option in the management of chronic narrow angle glaucoma.
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Fortepiani L, Foutch BK, Wilson MR. The Effects of Sex, Oral Contraception, and Menstrual Cycle Phase on Intraocular Pressure, Central Corneal Thickness, and Foveal Thickness: A Descriptive Analysis. Vision (Basel) 2021; 5:vision5040048. [PMID: 34698316 PMCID: PMC8544721 DOI: 10.3390/vision5040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effects of sex, oral contraceptive (OC) use, and menstrual cycle phase on common ocular parameters assessed during ophthalmic evaluations, namely intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and foveal thickness (FT), in young healthy adults. We measured IOP, CCT, and FT in 60 participants (16 men, 16 contraceptive users, and 28 cycling women) over two sessions that characterized the menstrual cycle phase in women. For men in our study, two sessions were separated by two weeks. For women, the two sessions were scheduled during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. There was a trend towards higher IOP in men, and the difference was significant for white, non-Hispanic subjects and for white subjects considered separately. There was also a trend for thicker corneas in women, but men had significantly thicker foveae. CCT and FT were not different between men and OC-users, hinting at a moderating hormonal effect of oral contraceptive use. We found that IOP, CCT, and FT were equivalent between the follicular and luteal phases, which may be owing to the timing of our sessions. However, our findings strongly suggest that clinicians should consider contraceptive use during routine ophthalmic evaluations, as it could inform glaucomatous risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Fortepiani
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Brian K. Foutch
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-210-930-8162
| | - Molly R. Wilson
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Omni Vision, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
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Xu M, Yang J, Sun J, Xing X, Liu Z, Liu T. A novel mutation in PCK2 gene causes primary angle-closure glaucoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23338-23347. [PMID: 34650006 PMCID: PMC8544327 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is an ophthalmic genetic disease characterized by direct contact between the iris and trabecular meshwork, resulting in an obstructed outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. However, it is unclear as to what role genetics plays in the development of PACG. The present study investigated the disease-causing mutation in a five-generation Chinese PACG family using whole-genome sequencing. A novel heterozygous missense mutation c.977C>T in PCK2 gene was identified in five affected family members, but not in any unaffected and 86 unrelated healthy individuals. This nucleotide substitute is predicted to result in a proline to leucine substitution p.Pro326Leu. Furthermore, the function of this mutation was analyzed through various in vitro assays using the RGC-5 cell line. Our results demonstrate that the p.Pro326Leu mutation induces RGC-5 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with a decreased BcL-XL. The increasing P53, P27, P21, AKT, and P-GSK3α were also detected in the cells transfected with c.977C>T mutation, suggesting that this mutation within PCK2 gene cause PACG through impairment of AKT/GSK3α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China.,The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Jiayue Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Xuemei Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China.,Guihang Guiyang Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
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Zhang N, Wang J, Li Y, Jiang B. Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in the last 20 years: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13762. [PMID: 34215769 PMCID: PMC8253788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world and is influenced by various sociodemographic factors. This meta-analysis aims to determine the worldwide prevalence of POAG in the adult general population for the last 20 years, and explore variation in prevalence by age, gender and geographical location. An electronic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Population-based cross-sectional or cohort studies published in the last 20 years (2000–2020) that reported prevalence of POAG were recruited. Relevant studies meeting defined eligibility criteria were selected and reviewed systematically by meta-analysis. The prevalence of POAG was analyzed according to various risk factors. A random effect model was used for the meta-analysis. Fifty publications with a total of 198,259 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The worldwide overall prevalence of POAG was 2.4% (95% CI 2.0 ~ 2.8%). The prevalence increases with age. Men are found to be more susceptible to POAG than women (RR 1.28, p < 0.01). Africa is found to have the highest prevalence of POAG (4.0%) among all continents. The current estimated global population of POAG is 68.56 million (95% CI 59.99 ~ 79.98). POAG is a worldwide vision threatening disease with high prevalence for the last 20 years. The population-based prevalence of POAG varies widely across individual studies, due to variations in risk factors of age, gender, and population geographic location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China.
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