1
|
Zhou M, Qiu W, Ohashi N, Sun L, Wronski ML, Kouyama-Suzuki E, Shirai Y, Yanagawa T, Mori T, Tabuchi K. Deep-Learning-Based Analysis Reveals a Social Behavior Deficit in Mice Exposed Prenatally to Nicotine. Cells 2024; 13:275. [PMID: 38334667 PMCID: PMC10855062 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is known to be associated with the incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD). Recent developments in deep learning algorithms enable us to assess the behavioral phenotypes of animal models without cognitive bias during manual analysis. In this study, we established prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) mice and evaluated their behavioral phenotypes using DeepLabCut and SimBA. We optimized the training parameters of DeepLabCut for pose estimation and succeeded in labeling a single-mouse or two-mouse model with high fidelity during free-moving behavior. We applied the trained network to analyze the behavior of the mice and found that PNE mice exhibited impulsivity and a lessened working memory, which are characteristics of ADHD. PNE mice also showed elevated anxiety and deficits in social interaction, reminiscent of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We further examined PNE mice by evaluating adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which is a pathological hallmark of ASD, and demonstrated that newborn neurons were decreased, specifically in the ventral part of the hippocampus, which is reported to be related to emotional and social behaviors. These results support the hypothesis that PNE is a risk factor for comorbidity with ADHD and ASD in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Wen Qiu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Nobuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Lihao Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Marie-Louis Wronski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emi Kouyama-Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yoshinori Shirai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Takuma Mori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Neuroinnovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tabuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (M.Z.); (W.Q.); (N.O.); (L.S.); (M.-L.W.); (E.K.-S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Neuroinnovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saunders A, Huang KW, Vondrak C, Hughes C, Smolyar K, Sen H, Philson AC, Nemesh J, Wysoker A, Kashin S, Sabatini BL, McCarroll SA. Ascertaining cells' synaptic connections and RNA expression simultaneously with barcoded rabies virus libraries. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6993. [PMID: 36384944 PMCID: PMC9668842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain function depends on synaptic connections between specific neuron types, yet systematic descriptions of synaptic networks and their molecular properties are not readily available. Here, we introduce SBARRO (Synaptic Barcode Analysis by Retrograde Rabies ReadOut), a method that uses single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal directional, monosynaptic relationships based on the paths of a barcoded rabies virus from its "starter" postsynaptic cell to that cell's presynaptic partners. Thousands of these partner relationships can be ascertained in a single experiment, alongside genome-wide RNAs. We use SBARRO to describe synaptic networks formed by diverse mouse brain cell types in vitro, finding that different cell types have presynaptic networks with differences in average size and cell type composition. Patterns of RNA expression suggest that functioning synapses are critical for rabies virus uptake. By tracking individual rabies clones across cells, SBARRO offers new opportunities to map the synaptic organization of neural circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpiar Saunders
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Kee Wui Huang
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Cassandra Vondrak
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Christina Hughes
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Karina Smolyar
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Harsha Sen
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Adrienne C. Philson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - James Nemesh
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Alec Wysoker
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Seva Kashin
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Bernardo L. Sabatini
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Steven A. McCarroll
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pang B, Mori T, Badawi M, Zhou M, Guo Q, Suzuki-kouyama E, Yanagawa T, Shirai Y, Tabuchi K. An Epilepsy-Associated Mutation of Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 Increases the Susceptibility to Epileptic Seizures and Interferes with Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Therapy for Infantile Spasms in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7927. [PMID: 35887274 PMCID: PMC9319016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Six mutations in the salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) have been identified in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE-30) patients, and two of the mutations are nonsense mutations that truncate the C-terminal region of SIK1. In a previous study, we generated SIK1 mutant (SIK1-MT) mice recapitulating the C-terminal truncated mutations using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and found an increase in excitatory synaptic transmission and enhancement of neural excitability in neocortical neurons in SIK1-MT mice. NMDA was injected into SIK1-MT males to induce epileptic seizures in the mice. The severity of the NMDA-induced seizures was estimated by the latency and the number of tail flickering and hyperflexion. Activated brain regions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry against c-fos, Iba1, and GFAP. As another epilepsy model, pentylenetetrazol was injected into the adult SIK1 mutant mice. Seizure susceptibility induced by both NMDA and PTZ was enhanced in SIK1-MT mice. Brain regions including the thalamus and hypothalamus were strongly activated in NMDA-induced seizures. The epilepsy-associated mutation of SIK1 canceled the pharmacological effects of the ACTH treatment on NMDA-induced seizures. These results suggest that SIK1 may be involved in the neuropathological mechanisms of NMDA-induced spasms and the pharmacological mechanism of ACTH treatment.
Collapse
|
4
|
Itakura Y, Tabata K, Morimoto K, Ito N, Chambaro HM, Eguchi R, Otsuguro KI, Hall WW, Orba Y, Sawa H, Sasaki M. Glu333 in rabies virus glycoprotein is involved in virus attenuation through astrocyte infection and interferon responses. iScience 2022; 25:104122. [PMID: 35402872 PMCID: PMC8983343 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The amino acid residue at position 333 of the rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein (G333) is a major determinant of RABV pathogenicity. Virulent RABV strains possess Arg333, whereas the attenuated strain HEP-Flury (HEP) possesses Glu333. To investigate the potential attenuation mechanism dependent on a single amino acid at G333, comparative analysis was performed between HEP and HEP333R mutant with Arg333. We examined their respective tropism for astrocytes and the subsequent immune responses in astrocytes. Virus replication and subsequent interferon (IFN) responses in astrocytes infected with HEP were increased compared with HEP333R both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, involvement of IFN in the avirulency of HEP was demonstrated in IFN-receptor knockout mice. These results indicate that Glu333 contributes to RABV attenuation by determining the ability of the virus to infect astrocytes and stimulate subsequent IFN responses. Glu333 in G protein is responsible for astrocyte infection with RABV HEP strain Arg333 mutation in G protein decreases astrocyte tropism of RABV HEP RABV HEP evokes higher IFN responses in astrocytes than HEP with Arg333 mutation Glu333-dependent astrocyte infection is involved in the attenuation of RABV HEP
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Itakura
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Koshiro Tabata
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kohei Morimoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoto Ito
- Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Herman M. Chambaro
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Ryota Eguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Otsuguro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - William W. Hall
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, School of Medicine, University College of Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yasuko Orba
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Michihito Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deng L, Ravenscraft B, Xu XM. Exploring propriospinal neuron-mediated neural circuit plasticity using recombinant viruses after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2021; 349:113962. [PMID: 34953895 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Propriospinal neurons (PSNs) play a crucial role in motor control and sensory processing and contribute to plastic reorganization of spinal circuits responsible for recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). Due to their scattered distribution and various intersegmental projection patterns, it is challenging to dissect the function of PSNs within the neuronal network. New genetically encoded tools, particularly cell-type-specific transgene expression methods using recombinant viral vectors combined with other genetic, pharmacologic, and optogenetic approaches, have enormous potential for visualizing PSNs in the neuronal circuits and monitoring and manipulating their activity. Furthermore, recombinant viral tools have been utilized to promote the intrinsic regenerative capacities of PSNs, towards manipulating the 'hostile' microenvironment for improving functional regeneration of PSNs. Here we summarize the latest development in this fast-moving field and provide a perspective for using this technology to dissect PSN physiological role in contributing to recovery of function after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Deng
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Baylen Ravenscraft
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mehta A, Shirai Y, Kouyama-Suzuki E, Zhou M, Yoshizawa T, Yanagawa T, Mori T, Tabuchi K. IQSEC2 Deficiency Results in Abnormal Social Behaviors Relevant to Autism by Affecting Functions of Neural Circuits in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Cells 2021; 10:2724. [PMID: 34685703 PMCID: PMC8534507 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IQSEC2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6), of which protein is exclusively localized to the postsynaptic density of the excitatory synapse. Human genome studies have revealed that the IQSEC2 gene is associated with X-linked neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, and autism. In this study, we examined the behavior and synapse function in IQSEC2 knockout (KO) mice that we generated using CRIPSR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to solve the relevance between IQSEC2 deficiency and the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. IQSEC2 KO mice exhibited autistic behaviors, such as overgrooming and social deficits. We identified that up-regulation of c-Fos expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) induced by social stimulation was significantly attenuated in IQSEC2 KO mice. Whole cell electrophysiological recording identified that synaptic transmissions mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR) were significantly decreased in pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the mPFC in IQSEC2 KO mice. Reexpression of IQSEC2 isoform 1 in the mPFC of IQSEC2 KO mice using adeno-associated virus (AAV) rescued both synaptic and social deficits, suggesting that impaired synaptic function in the mPFC is responsible for social deficits in IQSEC2 KO mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mehta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Yoshinori Shirai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Emi Kouyama-Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Mengyun Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Takuma Mori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
- Department of NeuroHealth Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tabuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (Y.S.); (E.K.-S.); (M.Z.); (T.M.)
- Department of NeuroHealth Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yamada S, van Kooten N, Mori T, Taguchi K, Tsujimura A, Tanaka M. Efferent and Afferent Connections of Neuropeptide Y Neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens of Mice. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:741868. [PMID: 34566585 PMCID: PMC8460764 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.741868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neural peptide distributed widely in the brain and has various functions in each region. We previously reported that NPY neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are involved in the regulation of anxiety behavior. Anterograde and retrograde tracing studies suggest that neurons in the NAc project to several areas, such as the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and ventral pallidum (VP), and receive afferent projections from the cortex, thalamus, and amygdala. However, the neural connections between accumbal NPY neurons and other brain areas in mice remain unclear. In this study, we sought to clarify these anatomical connections of NPY neurons in the NAc by investigating their neural outputs and inputs. To selectively map NPY neuronal efferents from the NAc, we injected Cre-dependent adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) into the NAc of NPY-Cre mice. This revealed that NAc NPY neurons exclusively projected to the LH. We confirmed this by injecting cholera toxin b subunit (CTb), a retrograde tracer, into the LH and found that approximately 7–10% of NPY neurons in the NAc were double-labeled for mCherry and CTb. Moreover, retrograde tracing using recombinant rabies virus (rRABV) also identified NAc NPY projections to the LH. Finally, we investigated monosynaptic input to the NPY neurons in the NAc using rRABV. We found that NPY neurons in the NAc received direct synaptic connections from the midline thalamic nuclei and posterior basomedial amygdala. These findings provide new insight into the neural networks of accumbal NPY neurons and should assist in elucidating their functional roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Yamada
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nienke van Kooten
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Mori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Taguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tsujimura
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Badawi M, Mori T, Kurihara T, Yoshizawa T, Nohara K, Kouyama-Suzuki E, Yanagawa T, Shirai Y, Tabuchi K. Risperidone Mitigates Enhanced Excitatory Neuronal Function and Repetitive Behavior Caused by an ASD-Associated Mutation of SIK1. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:706494. [PMID: 34295222 PMCID: PMC8289890 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.706494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Six mutations in the salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1)-coding gene have been identified in patients with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE-30) accompanied by autistic symptoms. Two of the mutations are non-sense mutations that truncate the C-terminal region of SIK1. It has been shown that the C-terminal-truncated form of SIK1 protein affects the subcellular distribution of SIK1 protein, tempting to speculate the relevance to the pathophysiology of the disorders. We generated SIK1-mutant (SIK1-MT) mice recapitulating the C-terminal-truncated mutations using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. SIK1-MT protein was distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas the distribution of wild-type SIK1 was restricted to the nucleus. We found the disruption of excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) synaptic balance due to an increase in excitatory synaptic transmission and enhancement of neural excitability in the pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the medial prefrontal cortex in SIK1-MT mice. We also found the increased repetitive behavior and social behavioral deficits in SIK1-MT mice. The risperidone administration attenuated the neural excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission, but the disrupted E/I synaptic balance was unchanged, because it also reduced the inhibitory synaptic transmission. Risperidone also eliminated the repetitive behavior but not social behavioral deficits. These results indicate that risperidone has a role in decreasing neuronal excitability and excitatory synapses, ameliorating repetitive behavior in the SIK1-truncated mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Badawi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Mori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of NeuroHealth Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Taiga Kurihara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Nohara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Emi Kouyama-Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Shirai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tabuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of NeuroHealth Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang C, Liu H, Li K, Wu ZZ, Wu C, Yu JY, Gong Q, Fang P, Wang XX, Duan SM, Wang H, Gu Y, Hu J, Pan BX, Schmidt MV, Liu YJ, Wang XD. Tactile modulation of memory and anxiety requires dentate granule cells along the dorsoventral axis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6045. [PMID: 33247136 PMCID: PMC7695841 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Touch can positively influence cognition and emotion, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that tactile experience enrichment improves memory and alleviates anxiety by remodeling neurons along the dorsoventral axis of the dentate gyrus (DG) in adult mice. Tactile enrichment induces differential activation and structural modification of neurons in the dorsal and ventral DG, and increases the presynaptic input from the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), which is reciprocally connected with the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), to tactile experience-activated DG neurons. Chemogenetic activation of tactile experience-tagged dorsal and ventral DG neurons enhances memory and reduces anxiety respectively, whereas inactivation of these neurons or S1-innervated LEC neurons abolishes the beneficial effects of tactile enrichment. Moreover, adulthood tactile enrichment attenuates early-life stress-induced memory deficits and anxiety-related behavior. Our findings demonstrate that enriched tactile experience retunes the pathway from S1 to DG and enhances DG neuronal plasticity to modulate cognition and emotion. Touch can positively modulate cognitive performance and emotional response. Here the authors demonstrate that enriched tactile experience improves memory and reduces anxiety in adult mice by remodelling the pathway from the primary somatosensory cortex to the dentate gyrus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ying Yu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Technische Universität München/Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Shu-Min Duan
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Xing Pan
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Yi-Jun Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China. .,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yin K, Li Y, Ma Z, Yang Y, Zhao H, Liu C, Jin M, Wudong G, Sun Y, Hang T, Zhang H, Wang F, Wen Y. SNAP25 regulates the release of the Rabies virus in nerve cells via SNARE complex-mediated membrane fusion. Vet Microbiol 2020; 245:108699. [PMID: 32456820 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that host proteins regulate Rabies virus (RABV) infection via distinct mechanisms. The abnormal neural function caused by RABV infection is related to the abnormal synaptic signal transmission in which the RABV glycoprotein (G) is involved. In the present study, two recombinant Rabies viruses (rRABVs), namely rSAD-SAD-Flag-G and rSAD-CVS-Flag-G, were established and rescued based on rSAD and verified by indirect fluorescence assay (IFA), and western blotting (WB). To investigate how the G protein interacts with synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25), primary neuronal cells (PNC) of embryonic mice were cultured and infected with rRABVs. Immunoprecipitation (IP) and LC-MS/MS analysis of glycoprotein-binding proteins, which were flag tagged, were carried out to determine the interaction of G protein and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor proteins (SNARE) complex in PNC. G protein and the SNARE member SNAP25 were co-expressed in HEK293 cells or primary neuronal cells to investigate their colocalization. Knockdown of SNAP25 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) was conducted on mNA cells, and rRABV replication was observed by IFA, qRT-PCR, and virus titration. The results indicated that rRABVs were successfully rescued and grew well in PNC. Flag-tag IP and confocal microscopy demonstrated that SNAP25 works together with G protein and colocalizes with G on the cytomembrane of HEK293 cells. The downregulation of SNAP25, using RNA interference, resulted in a significant decrease in the number of viral mRNAs, viral proteins, and virus particles. Furthermore, the regression of SNAP25 did not affect the initial infection of the virus but reduced the infectivity of progeny virions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China; State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, China; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Yiming Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Zipeng Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Hongzhe Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Ming Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Gaowa Wudong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Tianyu Hang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Fengxue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - Yongjun Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010018, China; State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
A central objective in deciphering the nervous system in health and disease is to define the connections of neurons. The propensity of neurotropic viruses to spread among synaptically-linked neurons makes them ideal for mapping neural circuits. So far, several classes of viral neuronal tracers have become available and provide a powerful toolbox for delineating neural networks. In this paper, we review the recent developments of neurotropic viral tracers and highlight their unique properties in revealing patterns of neuronal connections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Taian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kunio Kondoh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mori T, Kasem EA, Suzuki-Kouyama E, Cao X, Li X, Kurihara T, Uemura T, Yanagawa T, Tabuchi K. Deficiency of calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase disrupts the excitatory-inhibitory balance of synapses by down-regulating GluN2B. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1079-1092. [PMID: 30610199 PMCID: PMC6756202 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) is a membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) protein that is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. CASK is thought to have both pre- and postsynaptic functions, but the mechanism and consequences of its functions in the brain have yet to be elucidated, because homozygous CASK-knockout (CASK-KO) mice die before brain maturation. Taking advantage of the X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) mechanism, here we examined the synaptic functions of CASK-KO neurons in acute brain slices of heterozygous CASK-KO female mice. We also analyzed CASK-knockdown (KD) neurons in acute brain slices generated by in utero electroporation. Both CASK-KO and CASK-KD neurons showed a disruption of the excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance. We further found that the expression level of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN2B was decreased in CASK-KD neurons and that overexpressing GluN2B rescued the disrupted E/I balance in CASK-KD neurons. These results suggest that the down-regulation of GluN2B may be involved in the mechanism of the disruption of synaptic E/I balance in CASK-deficient neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Mori
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | - Enas A. Kasem
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan ,0000 0004 0578 3577grid.411978.2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheihk, 33511 Egypt
| | - Emi Suzuki-Kouyama
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | - Xueshan Cao
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | - Xue Li
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | - Taiga Kurihara
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | - Takeshi Uemura
- 0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan ,0000 0001 1507 4692grid.263518.bInstitute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan ,0000 0004 1754 9200grid.419082.6CREST, JST, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- 0000 0001 2369 4728grid.20515.33Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tabuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan. .,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan. .,PRESTO, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Murabe N, Mori T, Fukuda S, Isoo N, Ohno T, Mizukami H, Ozawa K, Yoshimura Y, Sakurai M. Higher primate-like direct corticomotoneuronal connections are transiently formed in a juvenile subprimate mammal. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16536. [PMID: 30410053 PMCID: PMC6224497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The corticospinal (CS) tract emerged and evolved in mammals, and is essentially involved in voluntary movement. Over its phylogenesis, CS innervation gradually invaded to the ventral spinal cord, eventually making direct connections with spinal motoneurons (MNs) in higher primates. Despite its importance, our knowledge of the origin of the direct CS-MN connections is limited; in fact, there is controversy as to whether these connections occur in subprimate mammals, such as rodents. Here we studied the retrograde transsynaptic connection between cortical neurons and MNs in mice by labeling the cells with recombinant rabies virus. On postnatal day 14 (P14), we found that CS neurons make direct connections with cervical MNs innervating the forearm muscles. Direct connections were also detected electrophysiologically in whole cell recordings from identified MNs retrogradely-labeled from their target muscles and optogenetic CS stimulation. In contrast, few, if any, lumbar MNs innervating hindlimbs showed direct connections on P18. Moreover, the direct CS-MN connections observed on P14 were later eliminated. The transient CS-MN cells were distributed predominantly in the M1 and S1 areas. These findings provide insight into the ontogeny and phylogeny of the CS projection and appear to settle the controversy about direct CS-MN connections in subprimate mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Murabe
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Takuma Mori
- Division of Visual Information Processing, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes for Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medicine, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukuda
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Noriko Isoo
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Takae Ohno
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizukami
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Keiya Ozawa
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo University, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yoshimura
- Division of Visual Information Processing, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes for Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Sakurai
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Osanai Y, Shimizu T, Mori T, Hatanaka N, Kimori Y, Kobayashi K, Koyama S, Yoshimura Y, Nambu A, Ikenaka K. Length of myelin internodes of individual oligodendrocytes is controlled by microenvironment influenced by normal and input‐deprived axonal activities in sensory deprived mouse models. Glia 2018; 66:2514-25. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
15
|
Astawa INM, Agustini NLP, Masa Tenaya IW, Aryawiguna IPGW. Protective antibody response of Balb/c mice to Bali rabies virus isolate propagated in BHK-21 cells. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1596-1603. [PMID: 30210066 PMCID: PMC6207530 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective antibody response of Balb/c mice to Bali rabies virus (RABV) in BHK-21
cells was studied. The virus was isolated from a rabid dog and was adapted to replicate in
BHK-21 cell culture for seven passages. The BHK-21-adapted Bali RABV (BHK-Bali RABV) was
inactivated with binary ethylenimine and 24 mice were immunized twice at 21-days intervals
with the inactivated virus and Rabisin® vaccine. Virus replication was detected using
indirect immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting assays.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay examination 2 weeks after the first immunization
revealed RABV antibody titers that were mostly below the minimum protective level (<0.5
equivalent unit, EU). Antibody titers increased sharply after the second immunization.
Antibody titers in serum of mice induced by inactivated BHK-Bali RABV one week after the
second immunization were slightly lower (0.8–3.8 EU) than those induced by Rabisin vaccine
(0.9–6.3 EU). RABV antibody titers were stable for at least 6 weeks after the second
immunization. Both Rabisin vaccine and inactivated BHK-Bali RABV induced neutralizing
antibodies with neutralization titers (50% protective dose per ml) of
29.84 for 0.1 ml Rabisin, 211.41 for 0.2
ml Rabisin, 27.41 for 0.1 ml BHK-Bali RABV,
and 28.25 for 0.2 ml BHK-Bali RABV. Thus, inactivated BHK-Bali
RABV induces a protective immune response in Balb/c mice, but at lower levels compared to
induction by Rabisin vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Nyoman Mantik Astawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Jln. PB Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Putu Agustini
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Disease Investigation Center, Regional IV. Denpasar Bali, Indonesia
| | - I Wayan Masa Tenaya
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Disease Investigation Center, Regional IV. Denpasar Bali, Indonesia
| | - I Putu Gede Widnyana Aryawiguna
- Undergraduate Student at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Jln. PB Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Singh R, Singh KP, Cherian S, Saminathan M, Kapoor S, Manjunatha Reddy GB, Panda S, Dhama K. Rabies - epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2017. [PMID: 28643547 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies is a zoonotic, fatal and progressive neurological infection caused by rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus and family Rhabdoviridae. It affects all warm-blooded animals and the disease is prevalent throughout the world and endemic in many countries except in Islands like Australia and Antarctica. Over 60,000 peoples die every year due to rabies, while approximately 15 million people receive rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) annually. Bite of rabid animals and saliva of infected host are mainly responsible for transmission and wildlife like raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes are main reservoirs for rabies. The incubation period is highly variable from 2 weeks to 6 years (avg. 2-3 months). Though severe neurologic signs and fatal outcome, neuropathological lesions are relatively mild. Rabies virus exploits various mechanisms to evade the host immune responses. Being a major zoonosis, precise and rapid diagnosis is important for early treatment and effective prevention and control measures. Traditional rapid Seller's staining and histopathological methods are still in use for diagnosis of rabies. Direct immunofluoroscent test (dFAT) is gold standard test and most commonly recommended for diagnosis of rabies in fresh brain tissues of dogs by both OIE and WHO. Mouse inoculation test (MIT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are superior and used for routine diagnosis. Vaccination with live attenuated or inactivated viruses, DNA and recombinant vaccines can be done in endemic areas. This review describes in detail about epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, advances in diagnosis, vaccination and therapeutic approaches along with appropriate prevention and control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Singh
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- b Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD) , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Susan Cherian
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Mani Saminathan
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- c Department of Veterinary Microbiology , LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Hisar , Haryana , India
| | - G B Manjunatha Reddy
- d ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics , Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - Shibani Panda
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ohara S, Sota Y, Sato S, Tsutsui KI, Iijima T. Increased transgene expression level of rabies virus vector for transsynaptic tracing. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180960. [PMID: 28700657 PMCID: PMC5507306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors that can infect neurons transsynaptically and can strongly express foreign genes are useful for investigating the organization of neural circuits. We previously developed a propagation-competent rabies virus (RV) vector based on a highly attenuated HEP-Flury strain (rHEP5.0-CVSG), which selectively infects neurons and propagates between synaptically connected neurons in a retrograde direction. Its relatively low level of transgene expression, however, makes immunostaining necessary to visualize the morphological features of infected neurons. To increase the transgene expression level of this RV vector, in this study we focused on two viral proteins: the large protein (L) and matrix protein (M). We first attempted to enhance the expression of L, which is a viral RNA polymerase, by deleting the extra transcription unit and shortening the intergenic region between the G and L genes. This viral vector (rHEP5.0-GctL) showed increased transgene expression level with efficient transsynaptic transport. We next constructed an RV vector with a rearranged gene order (rHEP5.0-GML) with the aim to suppress the expression of M, which plays a regulatory role in virus RNA synthesis. Although this vector showed high transgene expression level, the efficiency of transsynaptic transport was low. To further evaluate the usability of rHEP5.0-GctL as a transsynaptic tracer, we inserted a fluorescent timer as a transgene, which changes the color of its fluorescence from blue to red over time. This viral vector enabled us the differentiation of primary infected neurons from secondary infected neurons in terms of the fluorescence wavelength. We expect this propagation-competent RV vector to be useful for elucidating the complex organization of the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ohara
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sota
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sho Sato
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Iijima
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) release in the cortex is critical for learning, memory, attention, and plasticity. Here, we explore the cholinergic and noncholinergic projections from the basal forebrain (BF) to the auditory cortex using classical retrograde and monosynaptic viral tracers deposited in electrophysiologically identified regions of the auditory cortex. Cholinergic input to both primary (A1) and nonprimary auditory cortical (belt) areas originates in a restricted area in the caudal BF within the globus pallidus (GP) and in the dorsal part of the substantia innominata (SId). On the other hand, we found significant differences in the proportions of cholinergic and noncholinergic projection neurons to primary and nonprimary auditory areas. Inputs to A1 projecting cholinergic neurons were restricted to the GP, caudate-putamen, and the medial part of the medial geniculate body, including the posterior intralaminar thalamic group. In addition to these areas, afferents to belt-projecting cholinergic neurons originated from broader areas, including the ventral secondary auditory cortex, insular cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, and the central amygdaloid nucleus. These findings support a specific BF projection pattern to auditory cortical areas. Additionally, these findings point to potential functional differences in how ACh release may be regulated in the A1 and auditory belt areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candice Chavez
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers State University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers State University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Osanai Y, Shimizu T, Mori T, Yoshimura Y, Hatanaka N, Nambu A, Kimori Y, Koyama S, Kobayashi K, Ikenaka K. Rabies virus-mediated oligodendrocyte labeling reveals a single oligodendrocyte myelinates axons from distinct brain regions. Glia 2016; 65:93-105. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Osanai
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
| | - Takuma Mori
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Division of Visual Information Processing; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology; Shinshu University School of Medicine; Matsumoto Japan
| | - Yumiko Yoshimura
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Division of Visual Information Processing; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hatanaka
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Division of System Neurophysiology; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
| | - Atsushi Nambu
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Division of System Neurophysiology; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kimori
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Imaging Science Division; Center for Novel Science Initiatives, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; Okazaki Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koyama
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Department of Statistical Modeling; Institute of Statistical Mathematics; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
- Section of Viral Vector Development; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikenaka
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics; National Institute for Physiological Sciences; Okazaki Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ghanem A, Conzelmann KK. G gene-deficient single-round rabies viruses for neuronal circuit analysis. Virus Res 2016; 216:41-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
21
|
Kim EJ, Jacobs MW, Ito-Cole T, Callaway EM. Improved Monosynaptic Neural Circuit Tracing Using Engineered Rabies Virus Glycoproteins. Cell Rep 2016; 15:692-9. [PMID: 27149846 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosynaptic rabies virus tracing is a unique and powerful tool used to identify neurons making direct presynaptic connections onto neurons of interest across the entire nervous system. Current methods utilize complementation of glycoprotein gene-deleted rabies of the SAD B19 strain with its glycoprotein, B19G, to mediate retrograde transsynaptic spread across a single synaptic step. In most conditions, this method labels only a fraction of input neurons and would thus benefit from improved efficiency of transsynaptic spread. Here, we report newly engineered glycoprotein variants to improve transsynaptic efficiency. Among them, oG (optimized glycoprotein) is a codon-optimized version of a chimeric glycoprotein consisting of the transmembrane/cytoplasmic domain of B19G and the extracellular domain of rabies Pasteur virus strain glycoprotein. We demonstrate that oG increases the tracing efficiency for long-distance input neurons up to 20-fold compared to B19G. oG-mediated rabies tracing will therefore allow identification and study of more complete monosynaptic input neural networks.
Collapse
|
22
|
Reardon TR, Murray AJ, Turi GF, Wirblich C, Croce KR, Schnell MJ, Jessell TM, Losonczy A. Rabies Virus CVS-N2c(ΔG) Strain Enhances Retrograde Synaptic Transfer and Neuronal Viability. Neuron 2016; 89:711-24. [PMID: 26804990 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Virally based transsynaptic tracing technologies are powerful experimental tools for neuronal circuit mapping. The glycoprotein-deletion variant of the SAD-B19 vaccine strain rabies virus (RABV) has been the reagent of choice in monosynaptic tracing, since it permits the mapping of synaptic inputs to genetically marked neurons. Since its introduction, new helper viruses and reagents that facilitate complementation have enhanced the efficiency of SAD-B19(ΔG) transsynaptic transfer, but there has been little focus on improvements to the core RABV strain. Here we generate a new deletion mutant strain, CVS-N2c(ΔG), and examine its neuronal toxicity and efficiency in directing retrograde transsynaptic transfer. We find that by comparison with SAD-B19(ΔG), the CVS-N2c(ΔG) strain exhibits a reduction in neuronal toxicity and a marked enhancement in transsynaptic neuronal transfer. We conclude that the CVS-N2c(ΔG) strain provides a more effective means of mapping neuronal circuitry and of monitoring and manipulating neuronal activity in vivo in the mammalian CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Reardon
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Gergely F Turi
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christoph Wirblich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Katherine R Croce
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthias J Schnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Thomas M Jessell
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|