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Ma J, Pang X, Laher I, Li S. Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Key Genes in the Effect of Resistance Training on Female Skeletal Muscle Aging. J Aging Phys Act 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38684216 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Resistance training is used to combat skeletal muscle function decline in older adults. Few studies have been designed specific for females, resulting in very limited treatment options for skeletal muscle atrophy in aging women. Here, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of skeletal muscle samples from sedentary young women, sedentary older women, and resistance-trained older women, using microarray data from public database. A total of 45 genes that were differentially expressed during female muscle aging and reversed by resistance training were identified. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network analysis, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed to reveal the key genes and pathways involved in the effects of resistance training on female muscle aging. The collagen genes COL1A1, COL3A1, and COL4A1 were identified important regulators of female muscle aging and resistance training, by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3 kinase-Akt signaling, focal adhesions, extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, and relaxin signaling. Interestingly, the expression of CDKN1A and TP63 were increased during aging, and further upregulated by resistance training in older women, suggesting they may negatively affect resistance training outcomes. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of resistance training on female muscle aging and identify potential biomarkers and targets for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Ma
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, SC, China
| | - Xiaoli Pang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, SC, China
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, SC, China
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2
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Coggan AR, Park LK, Racette SB, Davila-Roman VG, Lenzen P, Vehe K, Dore PM, Schechtman KB, Peterson LR. The inorganic NItrate and eXercise performance in Heart Failure (iNIX-HF) phase II clinical trial: Rationale and study design. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 36:101208. [PMID: 37842318 PMCID: PMC10568282 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating and often fatal disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Diminished nitric oxide synthesis, signaling, and bioavailability are believed to contribute to poor skeletal muscle function and aerobic capacity. The aim of this clinical trial (iNIX-HF) is to determine the acute and longer-term effectiveness of inorganic nitrate supplementation on exercise performance in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods This clinical trial is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-arm design study in which patients with HFrEF (n = 75) are randomized to receive 10 mmol potassium nitrate (KNO3) or a placebo capsule daily for 6 wk. Primary outcome measures are muscle power determined by isokinetic dynamometry and peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak) determined during an incremental treadmill exercise test. Endpoints include the acute effects of a single dose of KNO3 and longer-term effects of 6 wk of KNO3. The study is adequately powered to detect expected increases in these outcomes at P < 0.05 with 1-β>0.80. Discussion The iNIX-HF phase II clinical trial will evaluate the effectiveness of inorganic nitrate supplements as a new treatment to ameliorate poor exercise capacity in HFrEF. This study also will provide critical preliminary data for a future 'pivotal', phase III, multi-center trial of the effectiveness of nitrate supplements not only for improving exercise performance, but also for improving symptoms and decreasing other major cardiovascular endpoints. The potential public health impact of identifying a new, relatively inexpensive, safe, and effective treatment that improves overall exercise performance in patients with HFrEF is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, And Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lauren K. Park
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan B. Racette
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Pattie Lenzen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Peter M. Dore
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Schechtman
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Linda R. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Pergande MR, Osterbauer KJ, Buck KM, Roberts DS, Wood NN, Balasubramanian P, Mann MW, Rossler KJ, Diffee GM, Colman RJ, Anderson RM, Ge Y. Mass Spectrometry-Based Multiomics Identifies Metabolic Signatures of Sarcopenia in Rhesus Monkey Skeletal Muscle. J Proteome Res 2023:10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00474. [PMID: 37991985 PMCID: PMC11109024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive disorder characterized by age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Although significant progress has been made over the years to identify the molecular determinants of sarcopenia, the precise mechanisms underlying the age-related loss of contractile function remains unclear. Advances in "omics" technologies, including mass spectrometry-based proteomic and metabolomic analyses, offer great opportunities to better understand sarcopenia. Herein, we performed mass spectrometry-based analyses of the vastus lateralis from young, middle-aged, and older rhesus monkeys to identify molecular signatures of sarcopenia. In our proteomic analysis, we identified proteins that change with age, including those involved in adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate metabolism as well as fatty acid beta oxidation. In our untargeted metabolomic analysis, we identified metabolites that changed with age largely related to energy metabolism including fatty acid beta oxidation. Pathway analysis of age-responsive proteins and metabolites revealed changes in muscle structure and contraction as well as lipid, carbohydrate, and purine metabolism. Together, this study discovers new metabolic signatures and offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia for the evaluation and monitoring of a therapeutic treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R. Pergande
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Katie J. Osterbauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kevin M. Buck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David S. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nina N. Wood
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | | | - Morgan W. Mann
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kalina J. Rossler
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Gary M. Diffee
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Rozalyn M. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Human Proteomics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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4
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Li L, Huang C, Pang J, Huang Y, Chen X, Chen G. Advances in research on cell models for skeletal muscle atrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115517. [PMID: 37738794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, plays a crucial role in supporting and defending the body and is essential for movement. It also participates in regulating the processes of protein synthesis and degradation. Inhibition of protein synthesis and activation of degradation metabolism can both lead to the development of skeletal muscle atrophy, a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and fiber size. Many physiological and pathological conditions can cause a decline in muscle mass, but the underlying mechanisms of its pathogenesis remain incompletely understood, and the selection of treatment strategies and efficacy evaluations vary. Moreover, the early symptoms of this condition are often not apparent, making it easily overlooked in clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and use cell models to understand the etiology and influencing factors of skeletal muscle atrophy. In this review, we summarize the methods used to construct skeletal muscle cell models, including hormone, inflammation, cachexia, genetic engineering, drug, and physicochemical models. We also analyze, compare, and evaluate the various construction and assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Li
- Guangdong Medical University, Wenming East Road 2, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunman Huang
- Guangdong Medical University, Wenming East Road 2, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingqun Pang
- Guangdong Medical University, Wenming East Road 2, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongbin Huang
- Guangdong Medical University, Wenming East Road 2, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Institute of Health Promotion and Medical Communication Studies, Affliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, South Renmin Road 57, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghua Chen
- Orthopaedic Center, Affliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, South Renmin Road 57, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong, China.
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Alshahrani MS, Reddy RS. Quadriceps Strength, Postural Stability, and Pain Mediation in Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Controls. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3110. [PMID: 37835853 PMCID: PMC10573007 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) poses significant challenges to individuals' functional abilities, including quadriceps strength, postural stability, and pain perception. Understanding the complex relationships among these factors is crucial for enhancing knee OA management strategies. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate and draw comparisons between the strength of the quadriceps and the level of postural stability in two distinct groups: individuals afflicted with bilateral knee OA and those who are healthy. Furthermore, the study seeks to examine the potential correlation between the strength of the quadriceps and the level of postural stability in individuals with knee OA. In addition to this, an investigation into the potential mediating effect of pain on the relationship between these physiological factors will also be conducted. A total of 95 participants with bilateral knee OA and 95 healthy controls were recruited. Quadriceps strength was assessed using dynamometry and postural stability was evaluated through anterior-posterior and medial-lateral sway measurements along with the ellipse area using a force plate. Pain levels were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Mediation analysis was employed to explore the role of pain in mediating the relationship between quadriceps strength and postural stability. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and mediation analysis. Knee OA participants exhibited significantly lower quadriceps strength (1.08 Nm/kg ± 0.54) compared to controls (1.54 Nm/kg ± 0.57, p < 0.001). They also demonstrated compromised postural stability with increased anterior-posterior sway (9.86 mm ± 3.017 vs. 2.98 mm ± 1.12, p < 0.001), medial-lateral sway (7.87 mm ± 2.23 vs. 3.12 mm ± 1.34, p < 0.001), and larger ellipse area (935.75 mm2 ± 172.56 vs. 436.19 mm2 ± 135.48, p < 0.001). Negative correlations were observed between quadriceps strength and postural stability variables (r = from -0.43 to -0.51, p < 0.001). Pain significantly mediated the relationship between quadriceps strength and postural stability variables (p < 0.05). This study highlights the associations between quadriceps strength, postural stability, and pain mediation in individuals with bilateral knee OA. Our findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions addressing quadriceps weakness and compromised postural stability. Additionally, the mediation effect of pain underscores the complexity of these relationships, offering insights for more effective management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravi Shankar Reddy
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
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Wills RAM, Maciukiewicz JM, Mourtzakis M, Dickerson CR. Examining the Effect of Time-From-Treatment on Activities of Daily Living Kinematics in Breast Cancer Survivors. J Appl Biomech 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37225172 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2022-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer affects one in 8 females with a 5-year survival rate of 89%. Up to 72% of breast cancer survivors have trouble with activities of daily living (ADL) following treatment. Increased time-from-treatment improves some measures of function, yet ADL limitations persist. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of time-from-treatment on upper extremity kinematics during ADLs in breast cancer survivors. Twenty-nine female breast cancer survivors were divided into 2 groups: <1 year (n = 12) and 1-2 years (n = 17) from treatment. Kinematics were collected during 6 ADL tasks, and humerothoracic joint angles were quantified. A 2-way mixed analysis of variance assessed the effects of time-from-treatment and arm on maximum angles for each ADL. Decreased maximum angle existed for breast cancer survivors with increased time-from-treatment during all ADLs. Breast cancer survivors in the 1-2 years group used ∼28° to 32° lower elevation, ∼14° to 28° lower axial rotation, and ∼10° to 14° lower plane of elevation range across tasks. Decreased ranges of arm movement during ADLs with increased time-from-treatment may reflect compensatory movement strategies. Recognizing this shift in strategies and accompanying underlying disease progression can help inform responses to functional performance limitations in breast cancer survivors as delayed effects are present posttreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A M Wills
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON,Canada
| | - Jacquelyn M Maciukiewicz
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON,Canada
| | - Marina Mourtzakis
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON,Canada
| | - Clark R Dickerson
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON,Canada
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7
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Hajj-Boutros G, Karelis AD, Cefis M, Morais JA, Casgrain J, Gouspillou G, Sonjak V. Potential mechanisms involved in regulating muscle protein turnover after acute exercise: A brief review. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1106425. [PMID: 36699675 PMCID: PMC9870712 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that resistance training increases muscle mass. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that a single session of resistance training is associated with an increase in muscle protein synthesis in young adults. However, the fundamental mechanisms that are involved in regulating muscle protein turnover rates after an acute bout of physical exercise are unclear. Therefore, this review will briefly focus on summarizing the potential mechanisms behind the growth of skeletal muscle after physical exercise. We also present mechanistic differences that may exist between young and older individuals during muscle protein synthesis and breakdown after physical exercise. Pathways leading to the activation of AKT/mTOR signals after resistance exercise and the activation of AMPK signaling pathway following a HIIT (High intensity interval training) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Hajj-Boutros
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antony D. Karelis
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Cefis
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - José A. Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada,Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juliette Casgrain
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Vita Sonjak,
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Tacchi F, Orozco-Aguilar J, Valero-Breton M, Cabello-Verrugio C. Bile Acids Alter the Autophagy and Mitogenesis in Skeletal Muscle Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1408:183-199. [PMID: 37093428 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26163-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy decreases muscle mass with the subsequent loss of muscle function. Among the mechanisms that trigger sarcopenia is mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria, whose primary function is to produce ATP, are dynamic organelles that present the process of formation (mitogenesis) and elimination (mitophagy). Failure of any of these processes contributes to mitochondrial malfunction. Mitogenesis is mainly controlled by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α), a transcriptional coactivator that regulates the expression of TFAM, which participates in mitogenesis. Mitophagy is a process of selective autophagy. Autophagy corresponds to a degradative pathway of protein complexes and organelles. Liver disease caused sarcopenia and increased bile acids in the blood. We demonstrated that the treatment with cholic (CA) or deoxycholic (DCA) bile acids generates mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of biomass. This work assessed whether CA and DCA alter autophagy and mitogenesis. For this, western blot evaluated the autophagy process by determining the protein levels of the LC3II/LC3I ratio. In addition, we assessed mitogenesis using a luciferase-coupled plasmid reporter for the PGC-1α promoter and the protein levels of TFAM by western blot. Our results indicate that treatment with CA or DCA induces autophagy, represented by an increase in the LC3II/LC3I ratio. In addition, a decreased autophagic flux was observed. On the other hand, when treated with CA or DCA, a decrease in the activity of the PGC-1α promoter was observed. However, the levels of TFAM increased in myotubes incubated with CA and DCA. Our results demonstrate that CA and DCA modulate autophagy ad mitogenesis in C2C12 myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Tacchi
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josué Orozco-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ensayos Biológicos (LEBi), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mayalen Valero-Breton
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Vilarinho R, Toledo A, Silva C, Melo F, Tomaz L, Martins L, Gonçalves T, Melo C, Caneiras C, Montes AM. Reference Equation of a New Incremental Step Test to Assess Exercise Capacity in the Portuguese Adult Population. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010271. [PMID: 36615071 PMCID: PMC9821567 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Step tests are important in community- and home-based rehabilitation programs to assess patients' exercise capacity. A new incremental step test was developed for this purpose, but its clinical interpretability is currently limited. This study aimed to establish a reference equation for this new incremental step test (IST) for the Portuguese adult population. A cross-sectional study was conducted on people without disabilities. Sociodemographic (age and sex), anthropometric (weight, height, and body mass index), smoking status, and physical activity (using the brief physical activity assessment tool) data were collected. Participants performed two repetitions of the IST and the best test was used to establish the reference equation with a forward stepwise multiple regression. An analysis comparing the results from the reference equation with the actual values was conducted with the Wilcoxon test. A total of 155 adult volunteers were recruited (60.6% female, 47.8 ± 19.7 years), and the reference equation was as follows: steps in IST = 475.52 - (4.68 × age years) + (30.5 × sex), where male = 1 and female = 0, and r2 = 60%. No significant differences were observed between the values performed and those obtained by the equation (p = 0.984). The established equation demonstrated that age and sex were the determinant variables for the variability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Vilarinho
- FP-I3ID, Escola Superior de Saúde-Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 4470-177 Maia, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Toledo
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio Melo
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Leila Tomaz
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luana Martins
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Gonçalves
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Melo
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia Caneiras
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 4470-177 Maia, Portugal
- Microbiology Research Laboratory on Environmental Health (EnviHealthMicroLab), Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Research Center of Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Mesquita Montes
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Maria Health School, 4049-024 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells in Aging: Asymmetric/Symmetric Division Switching. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In aged muscle, satellite cells’ symmetric and asymmetric divisions are impaired, and intrinsic and extrinsic complex mechanisms govern these processes. This review presents many updated aspects regarding muscle stem cells’ fate in normal and aging conditions. The balance between self-renewal and commitment divisions contributes to muscle regeneration, muscle homeostasis, aging, and disease. Stimulating muscle regeneration in aging could be a therapeutic target, but there is still a need to understand the many mechanisms that influence each other in satellite cells and their niche. We highlight here the general outlines regarding satellite cell divisions, the primary markers present in muscle stem cells, the aging aspects concerning signaling pathways involved in symmetric/asymmetric divisions, the regenerative capacity of satellite cells and their niche alteration in senescent muscle, genetics and epigenetics mechanisms implied in satellite cells aging and exercise effect on muscle regeneration in the elderly.
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11
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Ferrara PJ, Yee EM, Petrocelli JJ, Fix DK, Hauser CT, de Hart NMMP, Mahmassani ZS, Reidy PT, O'Connell RM, Drummond MJ. Macrophage immunomodulation accelerates skeletal muscle functional recovery in aged mice following disuse atrophy. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:919-931. [PMID: 36049060 PMCID: PMC9550586 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00374.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor recovery of muscle size and strength with aging coincides with a dysregulated macrophage response during the early stages of regrowth. Immunomodulation in the form of ex vivo cytokine (macrophage-colony stimulating factor) or polarized macrophage delivery has been demonstrated to improve skeletal muscle regeneration. However, it is unclear if these macrophage-promoting approaches would be effective to improve skeletal muscle recovery following disuse in aged animals. Here, we isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages from donor mice of different ages under various experimental conditions and polarized them into proinflammatory macrophages. Macrophages were delivered intramuscularly into young adult or aged recipient mice during the early recovery period following a period of hindlimb unloading (HU). Delivery of proinflammatory macrophages from donor young adults or aged mice was sufficient to increase muscle function of aged mice during the recovery period. Moreover, proinflammatory macrophages derived from aged donor mice collected during recovery were similarly able to increase muscle function of aged mice following disuse. In addition to the delivery of macrophages, we showed that the intramuscular injection of the cytokine, macrophage-colony stimulating factor, to the muscle of aged mice following HU was able to increase muscle macrophage content and muscle force production during recovery. Together, these results suggest that macrophage immunomodulation approaches in the form of ex vivo proinflammatory macrophage or macrophage-colony stimulating factor delivery during the early recovery phase following disuse atrophy were sufficient to restore the loss of aged skeletal muscle function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A single intramuscular administration of polarized macrophages into muscles of aged mice following a bout of disuse atrophy was sufficient to improve functional recover similarly to young adults after disuse atrophy regardless of the age or experimental condition of the donor mice. Additionally, intramuscular delivery of macrophage-colony stimulating factor into aged mice was similarly effective. Targeting macrophage function early during the regrowth phase may be a novel tool to bolster muscle recovery in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Ferrara
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Elena M Yee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Carson T Hauser
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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12
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He J, Fu J, Zhao W, Ren C, Liu P, Chen L, Li D, Zhou L, Tang L, Liu X, Ye S, Liu X, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Zhang G, Li N, Fan D. Exercise Physiology Impairments of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Findings. Front Physiol 2022; 13:792660. [PMID: 35370778 PMCID: PMC8967153 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.792660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive weakness significantly limits the ability to exercise. However, measurements of the impaired exercise function and their practical value to assess disease progression in ALS are scarce. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a non-invasive accurate method used to comprehensively quantify exercise physiology in a variety of diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of CPET and to explore its association with disease severity and prognosis prediction in ALS. Methods A total of 319 participants were enrolled in this 3-year prospective study. After strict quality control, 109 patients with ALS and 150 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included with comprehensive clinical assessment and follow-ups. The incremental ramp protocol for symptom-limited CPET was applied in both groups. The exercise physiology during peak effort exercise was systematically measured, including the overall aerobic capacity of exercise (VO2 peak) and the respective capacity of the exercise-involved organs [cardiac response (heart rate peak—HR peak), ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope), breathing economy (VE/VO2 peak), and other relevant parameters]. Disease severity and progression were evaluated using recognized scales. Survival was monitored with regular follow-ups every 6 months. Results Decreased exercise capacity (VO2 peak < 16 ml/kg/min) occurred more frequently in patients with ALS than in controls (44.95% vs. 9.33%, p < 0.01). In patients with ALS, the average VO2 peak (16.16 ± 5.43 ml/kg/min) and HR peak [135 (112–153) bpm] were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than in controls [22.26 ± 7.09 ml/kg/min; 148 (135–164) bpm], but the VE/VCO2 slope was significantly higher [28.05 (25.03–32.16) vs. 26.72 (24.37–29.58); p = 0.03]. In patients with ALS, the VO2 peak and HR peak were significantly correlated with disease severity and progression scores (p < 0.05). Survival analyses revealed the VO2 peak and HR peak as protective indicators while the VE/VO2 peak as a detrimental indicator for the prognostic prediction in ALS (HR = 0.839, p = 0.001; HR = 0.967, p < 0.001; HR = 1.137, p = 0.028, respectively). Conclusion Our prospective study quantified the significantly decreased exercise capacity in ALS through non-invasive CPET. The impaired VO2 peak and HR peak closely correlated with disease severity and independently predicted a worse prognosis. Our findings identified the clinical value of CPET as an objective indicator of disease progression in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Fu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Physical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Physical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Physical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Physical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lequn Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Ye
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Fan,
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13
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Fix DK, Mahmassani ZS, Petrocelli JJ, de Hart NMMP, Ferrara PJ, Painter JS, Nistor G, Lane TE, Keirstead HS, Drummond MJ. Reversal of deficits in aged skeletal muscle during disuse and recovery in response to treatment with a secrotome product derived from partially differentiated human pluripotent stem cells. GeroScience 2021; 43:2635-2652. [PMID: 34427856 PMCID: PMC8602548 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aged individuals are at risk to experience slow and incomplete muscle recovery following periods of disuse atrophy. While several therapies have been employed to mitigate muscle mass loss during disuse and improve recovery, few have proven effective at both. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a uniquely developed secretome product (STEM) on aged skeletal muscle mass and function during disuse and recovery. Aged (22 months) male C57BL/6 were divided into PBS or STEM treatment (n = 30). Mice within each treatment were assigned to either ambulatory control (CON; 14 days of normal cage ambulation), 14 days of hindlimb unloading (HU), or 14 days of hindlimb unloading followed by 7 days of recovery (recovery). Mice were given an intramuscular delivery into the hindlimb muscle of either PBS or STEM every other day for the duration of their respective treatment group. We found that STEM-treated mice compared to PBS had greater soleus muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and grip strength during CON and recovery experimental conditions and less muscle atrophy and weakness during HU. Muscle CD68 +, CD11b + and CD163 + macrophages were more abundant in STEM-treated CON mice compared to PBS, while only CD68 + and CD11b + macrophages were more abundant during HU and recovery conditions with STEM treatment. Moreover, STEM-treated mice had lower collagen IV and higher Pax7 + cell content compared to PBS across all experimental conditions. As a follow-up to examine the cell autonomous role of STEM on muscle, C2C12 myotubes were given STEM or horse serum media to examine myotube fusion/size and effects on muscle transcriptional networks. STEM-treated C2C12 myotubes were larger and had a higher fusion index and were related to elevated expression of transcripts associated with extracellular matrix remodeling. Our results demonstrate that STEM is a unique cocktail that possesses potent immunomodulatory and cytoskeletal remodeling properties that may have translational potential to improve skeletal muscle across a variety of conditions that adversely effect aging muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis K Fix
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Patrick J Ferrara
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas E Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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14
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Xu J, Fu SN, Hug F. Age-related increase in muscle stiffness is muscle length dependent and associated with muscle force in senior females. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:829. [PMID: 34579696 PMCID: PMC8477537 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In aging, muscle stiffness is considered as one of the factors associated with the reduction of force generation capability. There have been inconsistent findings on age-related alteration in the passive stiffness of quadriceps muscle in the female adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of aging on the shear moduli of the superficial muscle heads of the quadriceps and to explore its relationship with knee extension force. Methods Passive shear moduli of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis (VM) were measured at rest using shear wave elastography in 20 young and 20 senior female adults. Measurements were repeated at four knee joint positions, that is, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 105° of knee flexion. Maximal isometric voluntary knee extension force was assessed at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. Results As per our findings, senior adults were determined to have significantly higher passive muscle shear moduli in the RF (by 34% – 68%; all p < 0.05) and the VL muscle heads (by 13%–16%, all p < 0.05) at and beyond 60° of knee flexion. Age-related increase in the VM was evident at 105° knee flexion (by11%, p = 0.020). The RF shear modulus was negatively correlated to the maximal isometric voluntary contraction force measured at 60° (r = − 0.485, p = 0.030) in senior adults. Conclusions Senior female adults had greater passive stiffness at the superficial muscle heads of the quadriceps muscles when measured at long muscle length. Among the senior female adults, the passive stiffness of RF has been determined to have a negative association with the knee extensor force only at 60° knee flexion. No significant association was noted for other angles and muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Siu Ngor Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - François Hug
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Nantes, France.,InstitutUniversitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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15
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Lehr NL, Clark WH, Lewek MD, Franz JR. The effects of triceps surae muscle stimulation on localized Achilles subtendon tissue displacements. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:271197. [PMID: 34350951 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The triceps surae muscle-tendon unit is composed of the lateral and medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) muscles and three in-series elastic 'subtendons' that form the Achilles tendon. Comparative literature and our own in vivo evidence suggest that sliding between adjacent subtendons may facilitate independent muscle actuation. We aim to more clearly define the relationship between individual muscle activation and subtendon tissue displacements. Here, during fixed-end contractions, electrical muscle stimulation controlled the magnitude of force transmitted via individual triceps surae muscles while ultrasound imaging recorded resultant subtendon tissue displacements. We hypothesized that MG and SOL stimulation would elicit larger displacements in their associated subtendon. Ten young adults completed four experimental activations at three ankle angles (-20, 0 and 20 deg) with the knee flexed to approximately 20 deg: MG stimulation (STIMMG), SOL stimulation (STIMSOL), combined stimulation, and volitional contraction. At 20 deg plantarflexion, STIMSOL elicited 49% larger tendon non-uniformity (SOL-MG subtendon tissue displacement) than that of STIMMG (P=0.004). For STIMSOL, a one-way post hoc ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of ankle angle (P=0.009) on Achilles tendon non-uniformity. However, peak tendon non-uniformity decreased by an average of 61% from plantarflexion to dorsiflexion, likely due to an increase in passive tension. Our results suggest that localized tissue displacements within the Achilles tendon respond in anatomically consistent ways to differential patterns of triceps surae muscle activation, but these relations are highly susceptible to ankle angle. This in vivo evidence points to at least some mechanical independence in actuation between the human triceps surae muscle-subtendon units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L Lehr
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill & NC State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William H Clark
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill & NC State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael D Lewek
- Division of Physical Therapy, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jason R Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill & NC State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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16
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Marques A. Clinician's Commentary on Lima et al. Physiother Can 2020; 72:337-338. [PMID: 35110805 PMCID: PMC8781499 DOI: 10.3138/ptc-2019-0021-cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alda Marques
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA); Institute of Biomedicine; and Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory (Lab3R) of ESSUA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;
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17
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Lima VP, Brooks D, Konidis S, Araújo T, Ribeiro-Samora GA, Goldstein R, Janaudis-Ferreira T. Normative Values for the Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test and 6-Minute Pegboard and Ring Test in Healthy Canadian Adults. Physiother Can 2020; 72:330-336. [PMID: 35110804 PMCID: PMC8781495 DOI: 10.3138/ptc-2019-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: We determined normative values for the Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise (UULEX) test and the 6-Minute Pegboard and Ring Test (6PBRT) in a sample of healthy Canadian adults aged 40-89 years. Method: Volunteers completed the UULEX test and the 6PBRT twice with an interval of 30 minutes between tests or after the variables of interest had returned to their baseline values. Results: A total of 97 volunteers completed the tests (53.4% female); their mean age was 64.3 (SD 13.9) years. Mean UULEX scores were 11.4 (SD 3.0) minutes for women and 12.4 (SD 2.5) minutes for men. The mean 6PBRT score was 404.7 (SD 100.1) rings moved. For both tests, younger individuals' scores were higher. As volunteers' age increased, their functional performance on both tests was reduced: UULEX, r = -0.50 (p = 0.001), and 6PBRT, r = -0.60 (p = 0.001). Conclusions: These normative values increase the usefulness of these tests as measures of upper limb function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pereira Lima
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina
| | - Dina Brooks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Stacey Konidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Tamara Araújo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | | | - Roger Goldstein
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Tania Janaudis-Ferreira
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que
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18
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Gumpenberger M, Wessner B, Graf A, Narici MV, Fink C, Braun S, Hoser C, Blazevich AJ, Csapo R. Remodeling the Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix in Older Age-Effects of Acute Exercise Stimuli on Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197089. [PMID: 32992998 PMCID: PMC7583913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancing age, the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes fibrotic changes that may lead to increased muscle stiffness, injury susceptibility and strength loss. This study tested the potential of different exercises to counter these changes by stimulating the activity of genes associated with ECM remodeling. Twenty-six healthy men (66.9 ± 3.9 years) were stratified to two of four groups, performing unilateral (i) conventional resistance exercise, (ii) conventional resistance exercise followed by self-myofascial release (CEBR), (iii) eccentric-only exercise (ECC) or (iv) plyometric jumps (PLY). The non-trained leg served as control. Six hours post-exercise, vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were analyzed for the expression of genes associated with ECM collagen synthesis (COL1A1), matrix metallopeptidases (collagen degradation; MMPs) and peptidase inhibitors (TIMP1). Significant between-group differences were found for MMP3, MMP15 and TIMP1, with the greatest responses in MMP3 and TIMP1 seen in CEBR and in MMP15 in ECC. MMP9 (3.24–3.81-fold change) and COL1A1 (1.47–2.40-fold change) were increased in CEBR and PLY, although between-group differences were non-significant. The expression of ECM-related genes is exercise-specific, with CEBR and PLY triggering either earlier or stronger remodeling than other stimuli. Training studies will test whether execution of such exercises may help counter age-associated muscle fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Gumpenberger
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna 1150, Austria;
| | - Alexandra Graf
- Institute for Medical Statistics, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria;
| | - Marco V. Narici
- CirMyo Myology Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Christian Fink
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Sepp Braun
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Christian Hoser
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Anthony J. Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-50-8648-3887
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19
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Vikne H, Strøm V, Pripp AH, Gjøvaag T. Human skeletal muscle fiber type percentage and area after reduced muscle use: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:1298-1317. [PMID: 32281690 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this systematic review was to examine the effect of reduced muscle activity on the relative number of type 1 muscle fibers (%) in the human vastus lateralis muscle. Other objectives were changes in type 2A and 2X percentages and muscle fiber cross-sectional area. We conducted systematic literature searches in eight databases and included studies assessing type 1 fiber percentage visualized by ATPase or immunohistochemical staining before and after a period (≥14 days) of reduced muscle activity. The reduced muscle activity models were detraining, leg unloading, and bed rest. Forty-two studies comprising 451 participants were included. Effect sizes were calculated as the mean difference between baseline and follow-up and Generic Inverse Variance tests with random-effects models were used for the weighted summary effect size. Overall, the mean type 1 muscle fiber percentage was significantly reduced after interventions (-1.94%-points, 95% CI [-3.37, -0.51], P = .008), with no significant differences between intervention models (P = .86). Meta-regression showed no effect of study duration on type 1 fiber percentage (P = .98). Conversely, the overall type 2X fiber percentage increased after reduced muscle activity (P < .001). The CSA of the muscle fiber types decreased after the study period (all P-values < 0.001) with greater reductions in type 2 than type 1 fibers (P < .001). The result of this meta-analysis display that the type 1 muscle fiber percentage decrease as a result of reduced muscle activity, although the effect size is relatively small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Vikne
- National Advisory Unit on Occupational Rehabilitation, Rauland, Norway
| | - Vegard Strøm
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terje Gjøvaag
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Exercise-Induced Myofibrillar Hypertrophy is a Contributory Cause of Gains in Muscle Strength. Sports Med 2020; 49:993-997. [PMID: 31016546 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Teigen LE, Sundberg CW, Kelly LJ, Hunter SK, Fitts RH. Ca 2+ dependency of limb muscle fiber contractile mechanics in young and older adults. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1238-C1251. [PMID: 32348175 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00575.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Age-induced declines in skeletal muscle contractile function have been attributed to multiple cellular factors, including lower peak force (Po), decreased Ca2+ sensitivity, and reduced shortening velocity (Vo). However, changes in these cellular properties with aging remain unresolved, especially in older women, and the effect of submaximal Ca2+ on contractile function is unknown. Thus, we compared contractile properties of muscle fibers from 19 young (24 ± 3 yr; 8 women) and 21 older adults (77 ± 7 yr; 7 women) under maximal and submaximal Ca2+ and assessed the abundance of three proteins thought to influence Ca2+ sensitivity. Fast fiber cross-sectional area was ~44% larger in young (6,479 ± 2,487 µm2) compared with older adults (4,503 ± 2,071 µm2, P < 0.001), which corresponded with a greater absolute Po (young = 1.12 ± 0.43 mN; old = 0.79 ± 0.33 mN, P < 0.001). There were no differences in fast fiber size-specific Po, indicating the age-related decline in force was explained by differences in fiber size. Except for fast fiber size and absolute Po, no age or sex differences were observed in Ca2+ sensitivity, rate of force development (ktr), or Vo in either slow or fast fibers. Submaximal Ca2+ depressed ktr and Vo, but the effects were not altered by age in either sex. Contrary to rodent studies, regulatory light chain (RLC) and myosin binding protein-C abundance and RLC phosphorylation were unaltered by age or sex. These data suggest the age-associated reductions in contractile function are primarily due to the atrophy of fast fibers and that caution is warranted when extending results from rodent studies to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Teigen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Christopher W Sundberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Lauren J Kelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sandra K Hunter
- Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Robert H Fitts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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22
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Marques A, Rebelo P, Paixão C, Almeida S, Jácome C, Cruz J, Oliveira A. Enhancing the assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness using field tests. Physiotherapy 2020; 109:54-64. [PMID: 32173042 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish normative values and reference equations of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and unsupported upper limb exercise test (UULEX) for Portuguese adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. Descriptive statistics and differences between age decades and genders were explored using univariate general linear models to compute reference values. Reference equations were established with a forward stepwise multiple regression. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS In total, 645 adult volunteers without disabilities [43% male, mean age 55.1 (standard deviation 23.6) years] were recruited from the university campus and surrounding community. INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data on age, gender, height, weight, body mass index and smoking status were collected using a structured questionnaire. Physical activity was evaluated using the Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool. Participants performed two repetitions of the 6MWT, ISWT and UULEX, and the best repetition was used for analysis. RESULTS Overall, performance was better in males than in females, and decreased with age. Participants' performance was significantly reduced after the sixth decade of life compared with the other decades (P<0.001). Reference equations were: 6MWT=226.93-(5.00×age)+(360.41×height), R2=71%; ISWT=393.81-(17.98×age)+(185.64×gender)+(775.88×height), R2=83%; and UULEX=16.71-(0.14×age)+(2.66×gender), R2=57%. CONCLUSION Leg or arm exercise field tests are affected significantly by age and gender. These results will aid health professionals to interpret the results of field tests obtained from healthy or diseased adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marques
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - P Rebelo
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C Paixão
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Almeida
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C Jácome
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Cruz
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - A Oliveira
- Lab 3R- Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute for Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Osório Alves J, Matta Pereira L, Cabral Coutinho do Rêgo Monteiro I, Pontes dos Santos LH, Soares Marreiros Ferraz A, Carneiro Loureiro AC, Calado Lima C, Leal-Cardoso JH, Pires Carvalho D, Soares Fortunato R, Marilande Ceccatto V. Strenuous Acute Exercise Induces Slow and Fast Twitch-Dependent NADPH Oxidase Expression in Rat Skeletal Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010057. [PMID: 31936265 PMCID: PMC7022445 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic complex Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOx) may be the principal source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NOX2 and NOX4 isoforms are tissue-dependent and are differentially expressed in slow-twitch fibers (type I fibers) and fast-twitch fibers (type II fibers) of skeletal muscle, making them different markers of ROS metabolism induced by physical exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate NOx signaling, as a non-adaptive and non-cumulative response, in the predominant fiber types of rat skeletal muscles 24 h after one strenuous treadmill exercise session. The levels of mRNA, reduced glycogen, thiol content, NOx, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity, and PPARGC1α and SLC2A4 gene expression were measured in the white gastrocnemius (WG) portion, the red gastrocnemius (RG) portion, and the soleus muscle (SOL). NOx activity showed higher values in the SOL muscle compared to the RG and WG portions. The same was true of the NOX2 and NOX4 mRNA levels, antioxidant enzymatic activities, glycogen content. Twenty-four hours after the strenuous exercise session, NOx expression increased in slow-twitch oxidative fibers. The acute strenuous exercise condition showed an attenuation of oxidative stress and an upregulation of antioxidant activity through PPARGC1α gene activity, antioxidant defense adaptations, and differential gene expression according to the predominant fiber type. The most prominent location of detoxification (indicated by NOX4 activation) in the slow-twitch oxidative SOL muscle was the mitochondria, while the fast-twitch oxidative RG portion showed a more cytosolic location. Glycolytic metabolism in the WG portion suggested possible NOX2/NOX4 non-regulation, indicating other possible ROS regulation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Osório Alves
- Laboratório de Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (J.O.A.); (L.H.P.d.S.); (A.C.C.L.)
| | - Leonardo Matta Pereira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Sinalização redox, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.M.P.); (I.C.C.d.R.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Igor Cabral Coutinho do Rêgo Monteiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Sinalização redox, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.M.P.); (I.C.C.d.R.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Luiz Henrique Pontes dos Santos
- Laboratório de Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (J.O.A.); (L.H.P.d.S.); (A.C.C.L.)
| | | | - Adriano Cesar Carneiro Loureiro
- Laboratório de Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (J.O.A.); (L.H.P.d.S.); (A.C.C.L.)
| | - Crystianne Calado Lima
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (C.C.L.); (J.H.L.-C.)
| | - José Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (C.C.L.); (J.H.L.-C.)
| | - Denise Pires Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Sinalização redox, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.M.P.); (I.C.C.d.R.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Vânia Marilande Ceccatto
- Laboratório de Expressão Gênica, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Brazil; (J.O.A.); (L.H.P.d.S.); (A.C.C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Background: Mechanical power generated via triceps surae muscle-tendon interaction during walking is important for walking performance. This interaction is made complex by distinct "subtendons" arising from the lateral and medial gastrocnemius (GAS) and soleus (SOL) muscles. Comparative data and our own in vivo evidence allude to a reduced capacity for sliding between adjacent subtendons compromising the Achilles tendon in old age. However, its unclear if and how these changes affect muscle contractile behavior.Objective: We investigated aging effects on triceps surae muscle-subtendon interaction using dual-probe ultrasound imaging during isolated muscle contractions. We hypothesized that, compared to young adults, older adults would have more uniform subtendon tissue displacements that are accompanied by anatomically consistent differences in GAS versus SOL muscle length change behavior.Materials and Methods: 9 younger subjects (age: 25.1 ± 5.6 years) and 10 older adult subjects (age: 74.3 ± 3.4 years) completed a series of ramped maximum isometric voluntary contractions at ankle angles spanning 0° (neutral) to 30° plantarflexion. Two linear array ultrasound transducers simultaneously recorded GAS and SOL fascicle kinematics and tissue displacements in their associated tendinous structures.Results: We revealed that older adults have more uniform subtendon tissue displacements that extend to anatomically consistent and potentially unfavorable changes in muscle contractile behavior - evidenced by smaller differences between gastrocnemius and soleus peak shortening during isometric force generation.Conclusions: These findings provide an important biomechanical basis for previously reported correlations between more uniform Achilles subtendon behavior and reduced ankle moment generation during waking in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Clark
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason R. Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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25
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Jin Y, Diffee GM, Colman RJ, Anderson RM, Ge Y. Top-down Mass Spectrometry of Sarcomeric Protein Post-translational Modifications from Non-human Primate Skeletal Muscle. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:2460-2469. [PMID: 30834509 PMCID: PMC6722035 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomeric proteins, including myofilament and Z-disk proteins, play critical roles in regulating muscle contractile properties. A variety of isoforms and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of sarcomeric proteins have been shown to be associated with modulation of muscle functions and the occurrence of muscle diseases. Non-human primates (NHPs) are excellent research models for sarcopenia, a disease associated with alterations in sarcomeric proteins, due to their marked similarities to humans. However, the sarcomeric proteins in NHP skeletal muscle have not been well characterized. To gain a deeper understanding of sarcomeric proteins in NHP skeletal muscle, we employed top-down mass spectrometry (MS) to conduct a comprehensive analysis on isoforms and PTMs of sarcomeric proteins in rhesus macaque skeletal muscle. We identified 23 protein isoforms with 46 proteoforms of sarcomeric proteins, including 6 isoforms with 18 proteoforms from fast skeletal troponin T. Particularly, for the first time, a novel PDZ/LIM domain protein isoform, PDLIM7, was characterized with a newly identified protein sequence. Moreover, we also identified multiple PTMs on these proteins, including deamidation, methylation, acetylation, tri-methylation, phosphorylation, and S-glutathionylation. Most PTM sites were localized, including Asn13 deamidation on MLC-2S; His73 methylation on αactin; N-terminal acetylation on most identified proteins; N-terminal tri-methylation on MLC-1S, MLC-1F, MLC-2S, and MLC-2F; Ser14 phosphorylation on MLC-2S; and Ser15 and Ser16 phosphorylation on MLC-2F. In summary, a comprehensive characterization of sarcomeric proteins including multiple isoforms and PTMs in NHP skeletal muscle was achieved by analyzing intact proteins in the top-down MS approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Gary M Diffee
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Ricki J Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Human Proteomics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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26
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Melby JA, Jin Y, Lin Z, Tucholski T, Wu Z, Gregorich ZR, Diffee GM, Ge Y. Top-Down Proteomics Reveals Myofilament Proteoform Heterogeneity among Various Rat Skeletal Muscle Tissues. J Proteome Res 2019; 19:446-454. [PMID: 31647247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in skeletal muscle contraction time, peak power output, and resistance to fatigue, among others, is necessary to accommodate the wide range of functional demands imposed on the body. Underlying this functional heterogeneity are a myriad of differences in the myofilament protein isoform expression and post-translational modifications; yet, characterizing this heterogeneity remains challenging. Herein, we have utilized top-down liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics to characterize myofilament proteoform heterogeneity in seven rat skeletal muscle tissues including vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris, soleus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris. Top-down proteomics revealed that myofilament proteoforms varied greatly across the seven different rat skeletal muscle tissues. Subsequently, we quantified and characterized myofilament proteoforms using online LC-MS. We have comprehensively characterized the fast and slow skeletal troponin I isoforms, which demonstrates the ability of top-down MS to decipher isoforms with high sequence homology. Taken together, we have shown that top-down proteomics can be used as a robust and high-throughput method to characterize the molecular heterogeneity of myofilament proteoforms from various skeletal muscle tissues.
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27
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Jeon Y, Choi J, Kim HJ, Lee H, Lim JY, Choi SJ. Sex- and fiber-type-related contractile properties in human single muscle fiber. J Exerc Rehabil 2019; 15:537-545. [PMID: 31523674 PMCID: PMC6732543 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1938336.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the distribution and contractile properties of single muscle fiber sex/myosin heavy chain (MHC) type-related differences and to evaluate the correlation of cross-sectional area (CSA) and specific force (SF) in a single muscle fiber. Six young men and six young women were participated in this study. Muscle sample was obtained from vastus lateralis muscle. To examine potential gender differences within each fiber contractile properties (CSA, maximal isometric force, SF, maximal shortening velocity) and relationship between CSA and SF of single fiber using Pearson correlation. After mechanical measurements, single muscle fiber determined MHC isoforms using silver stain. MHC isoform composition did not differ by sex (chi-square=6.978, P=0.073). There were sex-related differences in CSA and maximal isometric force (P<0.05), but no fiber type-related differences (P>0.05). Related to SF and maximal shortening velocity, there were no sex-related differences only fiber type-related differences (P<0.05). However, there were differences in SF between single fiber types in men but not in women. A negative correlation was found between CSA and SF in both men and women (P<0.05). It is suggested that there might be different mechanical properties of cross-bridges according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunah Jeon
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Junghwa Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Jaeng Kim
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
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Lima VP, Janaudis-Ferreira T. Clinician's Commentary on Oliveira et al. 1. Physiother Can 2019; 70:22-23. [PMID: 29436524 PMCID: PMC5802949 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2016-42-cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pereira Lima
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri-UFVJM, Diamantina-MG, Brazil;
| | - Tania Janaudis-Ferreira
- Assistant Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montréal;
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29
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Paradis S, Charles AL, Georg I, Goupilleau F, Meyer A, Kindo M, Laverny G, Metzger D, Geny B. Aging Exacerbates Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Mitochondrial Respiration Impairment in Skeletal Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8060168. [PMID: 31181751 PMCID: PMC6616544 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cycles of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) that occur during peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are associated with significant morbi-mortality, and aging is an irreversible risk factor of PAD. However, the effects of advanced age on IR-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction are not well known. Young and aged mice were therefore submitted to hindlimb IR (2 h ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion). Skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, calcium retention capacity (CRC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined using high resolution respirometry, spectrofluorometry and electronic paramagnetic resonance. IR-induced impairment in mitochondrial respiration was enhanced in old animals (VADP; from 33.0 ± 2.4 to 18.4 ± 3.8 and 32.8 ± 1.3 to 5.9 ± 2.7 pmol/s/mg wet weight; −44.2 ± 11.4% vs. −82.0 ± 8.1%, in young and aged mice, respectively). Baseline CRC was lower in old animals and IR similarly decreased the CRC in both groups (from 11.8 ± 0.9 to 4.6 ± 0.9 and 5.5 ± 0.9 to 2.1 ± 0.3 µmol/mg dry weight; −60.9 ± 7.3 and −60.9 ± 4.6%, in young and aged mice, respectively). Further, IR-induced ROS production tended to be higher in aged mice. In conclusion, aging exacerbated the deleterious effects of IR on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, potentially in relation to an increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Paradis
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Isabelle Georg
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Fabienne Goupilleau
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Alain Meyer
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Michel Kindo
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Pôle de Pathologie Cardiaque, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Gilles Laverny
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - Bernard Geny
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil EA3072 "Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire", Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Pôle de Pathologie Thoracique, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Sgrò P, Sansone M, Sansone A, Sabatini S, Borrione P, Romanelli F, Di Luigi L. Physical exercise, nutrition and hormones: three pillars to fight sarcopenia. Aging Male 2019; 22:75-88. [PMID: 29451419 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1439004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a pathophysiological condition diffused in elderly people; it represents a social issue due to the longer life expectancy and the growing aging population. It affects negatively quality of life and it represents a risk factor for other pathologies, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. No silver bullet exists to hinder sarcopenia, but it may be counteracted by physical exercise, nutrition, and a proper endocrine milieu. Indeed, we aim to analyze the scientific literature to give to clinician effective advices to counteract sarcopenia. Main text: Physical exercise, proper nutrition, optimized hormonal homeostasis represent the three pillars to fight sarcopenia. Physical exercise represents the most effective remedy to face sarcopenia, in particular if it is combined with a proper diet and with an adequate endocrine milieu. Consistency in training, adequate daily protein intake and eugonadism seems to be the keys to fight sarcopenia. The combination of these three pillars might act synergistically. CONCLUSIONS Optimization of these factors may increase their efficiency; however, scientific data may be sometimes confusing so far. Therefore, we aim to give practical advices to clinician to identify and to highlight the most important aspects in each of these three factors that should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sgrò
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology , Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Sansone
- b Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology , Sapienza - Università di Roma , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Sansone
- b Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology , Sapienza - Università di Roma , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefania Sabatini
- c Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry , Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Borrione
- d Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Internal Medicine , Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Francesco Romanelli
- b Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology , Sapienza - Università di Roma , Rome , Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology , Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
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31
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Holt NC. Beyond bouncy gaits: The role of multiscale compliance in skeletal muscle performance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2019; 333:50-59. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C. Holt
- Department of Biological Sciences; Northern Arizona University; Flagstaff Arizona
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32
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Liu SZ, Ali AS, Campbell MD, Kilroy K, Shankland EG, Roshanravan B, Marcinek DJ, Conley KE. Building strength, endurance, and mobility using an astaxanthin formulation with functional training in elderly. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:826-833. [PMID: 30259703 PMCID: PMC6204600 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building both strength and endurance has been a challenge in exercise training in the elderly, but dietary supplements hold promise as agents for improving muscle adaptation. Here, we test a formulation of natural products (AX: astaxanthin, 12 mg and tocotrienol, 10 mg and zinc, 6 mg) with both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in combination with exercise. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of elderly subjects (65-82 years) on a daily oral dose with interval walking exercise on an incline treadmill. METHODS Forty-two subjects were fed AX or placebo for 4 months and trained 3 months (3×/week for 40-60 min) with increasing intervals of incline walking. Strength was measured as maximal voluntary force (MVC) in ankle dorsiflexion exercise, and tibialis anterior muscle size (cross-sectional area, CSA) was determined from magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Greater endurance (exercise time in incline walking, >50%) and distance in 6 min walk (>8%) accompanied training in both treatments. Increases in MVC by 14.4% (±6.2%, mean ± SEM, P < 0.02, paired t-test), CSA by 2.7% (±1.0%, P < 0.01), and specific force by 11.6% (MVC/CSA, ±6.0%, P = 0.05) were found with AX treatment, but no change was evident in these properties with placebo treatment (MVC, 2.9% ± 5.6%; CSA, 0.6% ± 1.2%; MVC/CSA, 2.4 ± 5.7%; P > 0.6 for all). CONCLUSIONS The AX formulation improved muscle strength and CSA in healthy elderly in addition to the elevation in endurance and walking distance found with exercise training alone. Thus, the AX formulation in combination with a functional training programme uniquely improved muscle strength, endurance, and mobility in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Z. Liu
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - Amir S. Ali
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - Matthew D. Campbell
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - Kevin Kilroy
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - Eric G. Shankland
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | | | - David J. Marcinek
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Kevin E. Conley
- Translational Center for Metabolic Imaging Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
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Lima VP, Almeida FD, Janaudis-Ferreira T, Carmona B, Ribeiro-Samora GA, Velloso M. Reference values for the six-minute pegboard and ring test in healthy adults in Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 44:190-194. [PMID: 30043884 PMCID: PMC6188694 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562017000000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine reference values for the six-minute pegboard and ring test (6PBRT) in healthy adults in Brazil, correlating the results with arm length, circumference of the upper arm/forearm of the dominant arm, and the level of physical activity. Methods: The participants (all volunteers) performed two 6PBRTs, 30 min apart. They were instructed to move as many rings as possible in six minutes. The best test result was selected for data analysis. Results: The sample comprised 104 individuals, all over 30 years of age. Reference values were reported by age bracket. We found that age correlated with 6PBRT results. The number of rings moved was higher in the 30- to 39-year age group than in the > 80-year age group (430.25 ± 77.00 vs. 265.00 ± 65.75), and the difference was significant (p < 0.05). The 6PBRT results showed a weak, positive correlation with the level of physical activity (r = 0.358; p < 0.05) but did not correlate significantly with any other variable studied. Conclusions: In this study, we were able to determine reference values for the 6PBRT in healthy adults in Brazil. There was a correlation between 6PBRT results and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pereira Lima
- . Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM - Diamantina (MG) Brasil.,. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM - Diamantina (MG) Brasil
| | - Fabiana Damasceno Almeida
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil.,. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Tania Janaudis-Ferreira
- . School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,. Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of MacGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bianca Carmona
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil.,. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Giane Amorim Ribeiro-Samora
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil.,. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Marcelo Velloso
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil.,. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
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Ábrigo J, Elorza AA, Riedel CA, Vilos C, Simon F, Cabrera D, Estrada L, Cabello-Verrugio C. Role of Oxidative Stress as Key Regulator of Muscle Wasting during Cachexia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2063179. [PMID: 29785242 PMCID: PMC5896211 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2063179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a pathological condition mainly characterized by a loss of muscular mass and the contractile capacity of the skeletal muscle as a consequence of muscular weakness and decreased force generation. Cachexia is defined as a pathological condition secondary to illness characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass and with concomitant diminution of muscle strength. The molecular mechanisms involved in cachexia include oxidative stress, protein synthesis/degradation imbalance, autophagy deregulation, increased myonuclear apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress is one of the most common mechanisms of cachexia caused by different factors. It results in increased ROS levels, increased oxidation-dependent protein modification, and decreased antioxidant system functions. In this review, we will describe the importance of oxidative stress in skeletal muscles, its sources, and how it can regulate protein synthesis/degradation imbalance, autophagy deregulation, increased myonuclear apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction involved in cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ábrigo
- 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- 2Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro A. Elorza
- 2Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- 3Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- 2Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- 4Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Faculty of Medicine, and Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- 5Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- 2Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- 6Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- 7Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisbell Estrada
- 8Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- 2Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
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Age-related reduction in single muscle fiber calcium sensitivity is associated with decreased muscle power in men and women. Exp Gerontol 2017; 102:84-92. [PMID: 29247790 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related declines in human skeletal muscle performance may be caused, in part, by decreased responsivity of muscle fibers to calcium (Ca2+). This study examined the contractile properties of single vastus lateralis muscle fibers with various myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms (I, I/IIA, IIA and IIAX) across a range of Ca2+ concentrations in 11 young (24.1±1.1years) and 10 older (68.8±0.8years) men and women. The normalized pCa-force curve shifted rightward with age, leading to decreased activation threshold (pCa10) and/or Ca2+ sensitivity (pCa50) for all MHC isoforms examined. In older adults, the slope of the pCa-force curve was unchanged in MHC I-containing fibers (I, I/IIA), but was steeper in MHC II-containing fibers (IIA, IIAX), indicating greater cooperativity compared to young adults. At sub-maximal [Ca2+], specific force was reduced in MHC I-containing fibers, but was minimally decreased in MHC IIA fibers as older adults produced greater specific forces at high [Ca2+] in these fibers. Lessor pCa50 in MHC I fibers independently predicted reduced isokinetic knee extensor power across a range of contractile velocities, suggesting that the Ca2+ response of slow-twitch fibers contributes to whole muscle dysfunction. Our findings show that aging attenuates Ca2+ responsiveness across fiber types and that these cellular alterations may lead to age-related reductions in whole muscle power output.
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Freitas HR, Ferreira GDC, Trevenzoli IH, Oliveira KDJ, de Melo Reis RA. Fatty Acids, Antioxidants and Physical Activity in Brain Aging. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111263. [PMID: 29156608 PMCID: PMC5707735 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants are important mediators in the central nervous system. Lipid derivatives may control the production of proinflammatory agents and regulate NF-κB activity, microglial activation, and fatty acid oxidation; on the other hand, antioxidants, such as glutathione and ascorbate, have been shown to signal through transmitter receptors and protect against acute and chronic oxidative stress, modulating the activity of different signaling pathways. Several authors have investigated the role of these nutrients in the brains of the young and the aged in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and during brain aging due to adiposity- and physical inactivity-mediated metabolic disturbances, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Through a literature review, we aimed to highlight recent data on the role of adiposity, fatty acids, antioxidants, and physical inactivity in the pathophysiology of the brain and in the molecular mechanisms of senescence. Data indicate the complexity and necessity of endogenous/dietary antioxidants for the maintenance of redox status and the control of neuroglial signaling under stress. Recent studies also indicate that omega-3 and -6 fatty acids act in a competitive manner to generate mediators for energy metabolism, influencing feeding behavior, neural plasticity, and memory during aging. Finding pharmacological or dietary resources that mitigate or prevent neurodegenerative affections continues to be a great challenge and requires additional effort from researchers, clinicians, and nutritionists in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hércules Rezende Freitas
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo da Costa Ferreira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Isis Hara Trevenzoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Karen de Jesus Oliveira
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Metabology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
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Wei L, Gregorich ZR, Lin Z, Cai W, Jin Y, McKiernan SH, McIlwain S, Aiken JM, Moss RL, Diffee GM, Ge Y. Novel Sarcopenia-related Alterations in Sarcomeric Protein Post-translational Modifications (PTMs) in Skeletal Muscles Identified by Top-down Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 17:134-145. [PMID: 29046390 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, is a significant cause of morbidity in the elderly and is a major burden on health care systems. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms in sarcopenia remain poorly understood. Herein, we utilized top-down proteomics to elucidate sarcopenia-related changes in the fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles of aging rats with a focus on the sarcomeric proteome, which includes both myofilament and Z-disc proteins-the proteins that constitute the contractile apparatuses. Top-down quantitative proteomics identified significant changes in the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of critical myofilament proteins in the fast-twitch skeletal muscles of aging rats, in accordance with the vulnerability of fast-twitch muscles to sarcopenia. Surprisingly, age-related alterations in the phosphorylation of Cypher isoforms, proteins that localize to the Z-discs in striated muscles, were also noted in the fast-twitch skeletal muscle of aging rats. This represents the first report of changes in the phosphorylation of Z-disc proteins in skeletal muscle during aging. In addition, increased glutathionylation of slow skeletal troponin I, a novel modification that may help protect against oxidative damage, was observed in slow-twitch skeletal muscles. Furthermore, we have identified and characterized novel muscle type-specific proteoforms of myofilament proteins and Z-disc proteins, including a novel isoform of the Z-disc protein Enigma. The finding that the phosphorylation of Z-disc proteins is altered in response to aging in the fast-twitch skeletal muscles of aging rats opens new avenues for the investigation of the role of Z-discs in age-related muscle dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wei
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,§Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zachery R Gregorich
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,¶Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Ziqing Lin
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,‖Human Proteomics Program,University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Wenxuan Cai
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,¶Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Yutong Jin
- **Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706
| | - Susan H McKiernan
- ‡‡Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2000 Observatory Dr., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Sean McIlwain
- §§Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53792.,¶¶UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53792
| | - Judd M Aiken
- ‖‖Departments of Agriculture, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta-Edmonton, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard L Moss
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,‖Human Proteomics Program,University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Gary M Diffee
- ‡‡Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2000 Observatory Dr., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705
| | - Ying Ge
- From the ‡Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705; .,¶Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,‖Human Proteomics Program,University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705.,**Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706
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Morais A, Santos S, Lebre P. Psychomotor, Functional, and Cognitive Profiles in Older People with and without Dementia:What Connections? DEMENTIA 2017; 18:1538-1553. [PMID: 28752771 DOI: 10.1177/1471301217719624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In typical aging, it is possible to observe a decline in psychomotor domains, such as balance or global and fine motor skills as well as a cognitive and functional decline. Although, it is not clear which psychomotor domains are mostly affected in elderly with dementia and the association with the cognitive and functional level. OBJECTIVE To identify the correlation between psychomotor, cognitive, and functional skills, and seeking whether there are differences among persons with and without dementia. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 120 persons with dementia (ages between 61 and 99 years old; mean age 80.6 ± 7.4) and 377 persons without dementia (ages between 60 and 99 years old; mean age 77.2 ± 8.7) were recruited from nursing homes, day-care centers, and home care. Consenting participants were assessed in psychomotor, cognitive, and functional domains using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive impairment, the Barthel Index (BI), and Lawton Index (LI) to identify basic and instrumental activities of daily living and a Portuguese Version of Éxamen Geronto-Psychomoteur (P-EGP) to evaluate psychomotor skills. RESULTS People with dementia showed a higher percentage of cognitive deficit and higher level of dependency in basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Further, findings also showed significant differences in psychomotor domains and total of P-EGP, with exception of Joint Mobilizations of Upper and Lower Limbs. There were moderate to strong correlations between the totals of the scales, and between the totals and domains. CONCLUSIONS The population with dementia has higher percentage of cognitive deficit, higher dependency on the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living and poorer psychomotor performance, except in joint mobilizations. It was also possible to find strong correlations between the total of P-EGP and the total of cognitive and functional scales. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Morais
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Santos
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula Lebre
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Diermeier S, Buttgereit A, Schürmann S, Winter L, Xu H, Murphy RM, Clemen CS, Schröder R, Friedrich O. Preaged remodeling of myofibrillar cytoarchitecture in skeletal muscle expressing R349P mutant desmin. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 58:77-87. [PMID: 28715662 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The majority of hereditary and acquired myopathies are clinically characterized by progressive muscle weakness. We hypothesized that ongoing derangement of skeletal muscle cytoarchitecture at the single fiber level may precede and be responsible for the progressive muscle weakness. Here, we analyzed the effects of aging in wild-type (wt) and heterozygous (het) and homozygous (hom) R349P desmin knock-in mice. The latter harbor the ortholog of the most frequently encountered human R350P desmin missense mutation. We quantitatively analyzed the subcellular cytoarchitecture of fast- and slow-twitch muscles from young, intermediate, and aged wt as well as desminopathy mice. We recorded multiphoton second harmonic generation and nuclear fluorescence signals in single muscle fibers to compare aging-related effects in all genotypes. The analysis of wt mice revealed that the myofibrillar cytoarchitecture remained stable with aging in fast-twitch muscles, whereas slow-twitch muscle fibers displayed structural derangements during aging. In contrast, the myofibrillar cytoarchitecture and nuclear density were severely compromised in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers of hom R349P desmin mice at all ages. Het mice only showed a clear degradation in their fiber structure in fast-twitch muscles from the adult to the presenescent age bin. Our study documents distinct signs of normal and R349P mutant desmin-related remodeling of the 3D myofibrillar architecture during aging, which provides a structural basis for the progressive muscle weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Diermeier
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; SAOT, Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Buttgereit
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; SAOT, Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lilli Winter
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hongyang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; SAOT, Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Dubé JJ, Broskey NT, Despines AA, Stefanovic-Racic M, Toledo FGS, Goodpaster BH, Amati F. Muscle Characteristics and Substrate Energetics in Lifelong Endurance Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 48:472-80. [PMID: 26460630 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to explore the effect of lifelong aerobic exercise (i.e., chronic training) on skeletal muscle substrate stores (intramyocellular triglyceride [IMTG] and glycogen), skeletal muscle phenotypes, and oxidative capacity (ox), in older endurance-trained master athletes (OA) compared with noncompetitive recreational younger (YA) athletes matched by frequency and mode of training. METHODS Thirteen OA (64.8 ± 4.9 yr) exercising 5 times per week or more were compared with 14 YA (27.8 ± 4.9 yr) males and females. IMTG, glycogen, fiber types, succinate dehydrogenase, and capillarization were measured by immunohistochemistry in vastus lateralis biopsies. Fat-ox and carbohydrate (CHO)-ox were measured by indirect calorimetry before and after an insulin clamp and during a cycle ergometer graded maximal test. RESULTS V˙O2peak was lower in OA than YA. The OA had greater IMTG in all fiber types and lower glycogen stores than YA. This was reflected in greater proportion of type I and less type II fibers in OA. Type I fibers were similar in size, whereas type II fibers were smaller in OA compared with YA. Both groups had similar succinate dehydrogenase content. Numbers of capillaries per fiber were reduced in OA but with a higher number of capillaries per area. Metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity were similar in both groups. Exercise metabolic efficiency was higher in OA. At moderate exercise intensities, carbohydrate-ox was lower in OA but with similar Fat-ox. CONCLUSIONS Lifelong exercise is associated with higher IMTG content in all muscle fibers and higher metabolic efficiency during exercise that are not explained by differences in muscle fibers types and other muscle characteristics when comparing older with younger athletes matched by exercise mode and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Dubé
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and 2Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, School of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
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Begue G, Raue U, Jemiolo B, Trappe S. DNA methylation assessment from human slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 122:952-967. [PMID: 28057818 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00867.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new application of the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing method was developed using low-DNA input to investigate the epigenetic profile of human slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers. Successful library construction was completed with as little as 15 ng of DNA, and high-quality sequencing data were obtained with 32 ng of DNA. Analysis identified 143,160 differentially methylated CpG sites across 14,046 genes. In both fiber types, selected genes predominantly expressed in slow or fast fibers were hypomethylated, which was supported by the RNA-sequencing analysis. These are the first fiber type-specific methylation data from human skeletal muscle and provide a unique platform for future research.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study validates a low-DNA input reduced representation bisulfite sequencing method for human muscle biopsy samples to investigate the methylation patterns at a fiber type-specific level. These are the first fiber type-specific methylation data reported from human skeletal muscle and thus provide initial insight into basal state differences in myosin heavy chain I and IIa muscle fibers among young, healthy men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwénaëlle Begue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Ulrika Raue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Bozena Jemiolo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
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42
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Boyer KA, Freedman Silvernail J, Hamill J. Age and sex influences on running mechanics and coordination variability. J Sports Sci 2016; 35:2225-2231. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1265139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Boyer
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Julia Freedman Silvernail
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Nevada- Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Joseph Hamill
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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43
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Gregorich ZR, Peng Y, Cai W, Jin Y, Wei L, Chen AJ, McKiernan SH, Aiken JM, Moss RL, Diffee GM, Ge Y. Top-Down Targeted Proteomics Reveals Decrease in Myosin Regulatory Light-Chain Phosphorylation That Contributes to Sarcopenic Muscle Dysfunction. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:2706-16. [PMID: 27362462 PMCID: PMC4975644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age, is a significant cause of disability and loss of independence in the elderly and thus, represents a formidable challenge for the aging population. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying sarcopenia-associated muscle dysfunction remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed an integrated approach combining top-down targeted proteomics with mechanical measurements to dissect the molecular mechanism(s) in age-related muscle dysfunction. Top-down targeted proteomic analysis uncovered a progressive age-related decline in the phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain (RLC), a critical protein involved in the modulation of muscle contractility, in the skeletal muscle of aging rats. Top-down tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified a previously unreported bis-phosphorylated proteoform of fast skeletal RLC and localized the sites of decreasing phosphorylation to Ser14/15. Of these sites, Ser14 phosphorylation represents a previously unidentified site of phosphorylation in RLC from fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Subsequent mechanical analysis of single fast-twitch fibers isolated from the muscles of rats of different ages revealed that the observed decline in RLC phosphorylation can account for age-related decreases in the contractile properties of sarcopenic fast-twitch muscles. These results strongly support a role for decreasing RLC phosphorylation in sarcopenia-associated muscle dysfunction and suggest that therapeutic modulation of RLC phosphorylation may represent a new avenue for the treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachery R. Gregorich
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Wenxuan Cai
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Yutong Jin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Albert J. Chen
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Susan H. McKiernan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2000 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Judd M. Aiken
- Departments of Agriculture, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta-Edmonton, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard L. Moss
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Human Proteomics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- UW Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Gary M. Diffee
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2000 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI, 53705
- UW Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706
- Human Proteomics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
- UW Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705
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44
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12 weeks of Brazilian jiu-jitsu training improves functional fitness in elderly men. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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45
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Kenny GP, Groeller H, McGinn R, Flouris AD. Age, human performance, and physical employment standards. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:S92-S107. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of older workers has increased substantially in recent years, with over 25% of the Canadian labour force aged ≥55 years. Along with chronological age comes age-related declines in functional capacity associated with impairments to the cardiorespiratory and muscular systems. As a result, older workers are reported to exhibit reductions in work output and in the ability to perform and/or sustain the required effort when performing work tasks. However, research has presented some conflicting views on the consequences of aging in the workforce, as physically demanding occupations can be associated with improved or maintained physical function. Furthermore, the current methods for evaluating physical function in older workers often lack specificity and relevance to the actual work tasks, leading to an underestimation of physical capacity in the older worker. Nevertheless, industry often lacks the appropriate information and/or tools to accommodate the aging workforce, particularly in the context of physical employment standards. Ultimately, if appropriate workplace strategies and work performance standards are adopted to optimize the strengths and protect against the vulnerability of the aging workers, they can perform as effectively as their younger counterparts. Our aim in this review is to evaluate the impact of different individual (including physiological decline, chronic disease, lifestyle, and physical activity) and occupational (including shift work, sleep deprivation, and cold/heat exposure) factors on the physical decline of older workers, and therefore the risk of work-related injuries or illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen P. Kenny
- Human Environmental Physiological Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Herbert Groeller
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan McGinn
- Human Environmental Physiological Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- Human Environmental Physiological Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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46
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Holt NC, Danos N, Roberts TJ, Azizi E. Stuck in gear: age-related loss of variable gearing in skeletal muscle. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:998-1003. [PMID: 27030778 PMCID: PMC4852693 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.133009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles power a broad diversity of animal movements, despite only being able to produce high forces over a limited range of velocities. Pennate muscles use a range of gear ratios, the ratio of muscle shortening velocity to fiber shortening velocity, to partially circumvent these force-velocity constraints. Muscles operate with a high gear ratio at low forces; fibers rotate to greater angles of pennation, enhancing velocity but compromising force. At higher forces, muscles operate with a lower gear ratio; fibers rotate little so limiting muscle shortening velocity, but helping to preserve force. This ability to shift gears is thought to be due to the interplay of contractile force and connective tissue constraints. In order to test this hypothesis, gear ratios were determined in the medial gastrocnemius muscles of both healthy young rats, and old rats where the interaction between contractile and connective tissue properties was assumed to be disrupted. Muscle fiber and aponeurosis stiffness increased with age (P<0.05) from 19.1±5.0 kPa and 188.5±24.2 MPa, respectively, in young rats to 39.1±4.2 kPa and 328.0±48.3 MPa in old rats, indicating a mechanical change in the interaction between contractile and connective tissues. Gear ratio decreased with increasing force in young (P<0.001) but not old (P=0.72) muscles, indicating that variable gearing is lost in old muscle. These findings support the hypothesis that variable gearing results from the interaction between contractile and connective tissues and suggest novel explanations for the decline in muscle performance with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Holt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Nicole Danos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Thomas J Roberts
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Emanuel Azizi
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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47
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Schroder EA, Harfmann BD, Zhang X, Srikuea R, England JH, Hodge BA, Wen Y, Riley LA, Yu Q, Christie A, Smith JD, Seward T, Wolf Horrell EM, Mula J, Peterson CA, Butterfield TA, Esser KA. Intrinsic muscle clock is necessary for musculoskeletal health. J Physiol 2015; 593:5387-404. [PMID: 26486627 PMCID: PMC4704520 DOI: 10.1113/jp271436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The endogenous molecular clock in skeletal muscle is necessary for maintenance of phenotype and function. Loss of Bmal1 solely from adult skeletal muscle (iMSBmal1(-/-) ) results in reductions in specific tension, increased oxidative fibre type and increased muscle fibrosis with no change in feeding or activity. Disruption of the molecular clock in adult skeletal muscle is sufficient to induce changes in skeletal muscle similar to those seen in the Bmal1 knockout mouse (Bmal1(-/-) ), a model of advanced ageing. iMSBmal1(-/-) mice develop increased bone calcification and decreased joint collagen, which in combination with the functional changes in skeletal muscle results in altered gait. This study uncovers a fundamental role for the skeletal muscle clock in musculoskeletal homeostasis with potential implications for ageing. ABSTRACT Disruption of circadian rhythms in humans and rodents has implicated a fundamental role for circadian rhythms in ageing and the development of many chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression and cancer. The molecular clock mechanism underlies circadian rhythms and is defined by a transcription-translation feedback loop with Bmal1 encoding a core molecular clock transcription factor. Germline Bmal1 knockout (Bmal1 KO) mice have a shortened lifespan, show features of advanced ageing and exhibit significant weakness with decreased maximum specific tension at the whole muscle and single fibre levels. We tested the role of the molecular clock in adult skeletal muscle by generating mice that allow for the inducible skeletal muscle-specific deletion of Bmal1 (iMSBmal1). Here we show that disruption of the molecular clock, specifically in adult skeletal muscle, is associated with a muscle phenotype including reductions in specific tension, increased oxidative fibre type, and increased muscle fibrosis similar to that seen in the Bmal1 KO mouse. Remarkably, the phenotype observed in the iMSBmal1(-/-) mice was not limited to changes in muscle. Similar to the germline Bmal1 KO mice, we observed significant bone and cartilage changes throughout the body suggesting a role for the skeletal muscle molecular clock in both the skeletal muscle niche and the systemic milieu. This emerging area of circadian rhythms and the molecular clock in skeletal muscle holds the potential to provide significant insight into intrinsic mechanisms of the maintenance of muscle quality and function as well as identifying a novel crosstalk between skeletal muscle, cartilage and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Schroder
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Brianna D Harfmann
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ratchakrit Srikuea
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Brian A Hodge
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lance A Riley
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alexander Christie
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Smith
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tanya Seward
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Erin M Wolf Horrell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jyothi Mula
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Lamboley CR, Wyckelsma VL, McKenna MJ, Murphy RM, Lamb GD. Ca(2+) leakage out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is increased in type I skeletal muscle fibres in aged humans. J Physiol 2015; 594:469-81. [PMID: 26574292 DOI: 10.1113/jp271382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The amount of Ca(2+) stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of muscle fibres is decreased in aged individuals, and an important question is whether this results from increased Ca(2+) leakage out through the Ca(2+) release channels (ryanodine receptors; RyRs). The present study examined the effects of blocking the RyRs with Mg(2+), or applying a strong reducing treatment, on net Ca(2+) accumulation by the SR in skinned muscle fibres from Old (∼70 years) and Young (∼24 years) adults. Raising cytoplasmic [Mg(2+)] and reducing treatment increased net SR Ca(2+) accumulation in type I fibres of Old subjects relative to that in Young. The densities of RyRs and dihydropyridine receptors were not significantly changed in the muscle of Old subjects. These findings indicate that oxidative modification of the RyRs causes increased Ca(2+) leakage from the SR in muscle fibres in Old subjects, which probably deleteriously affects normal muscle function both directly and indirectly. ABSTRACT The present study examined whether the lower Ca(2+) storage levels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in vastus lateralis muscle fibres in Old (70 ± 4 years) relative to Young (24 ± 4 years) human subjects is the result of increased leakage of Ca(2+) out of the SR through the Ca(2+) release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and due to oxidative modification of the RyRs. SR Ca(2+) accumulation in mechanically skinned muscle fibres was examined in the presence of 1, 3 or 10 mm cytoplasmic Mg(2+) because raising [Mg(2+)] strongly inhibits Ca(2+) efflux through the RyRs. In type I fibres of Old subjects, SR Ca(2+) accumulation in the presence of 1 mm Mg(2+) approached saturation at shorter loading times than in Young subjects, consistent with Ca(2+) leakage limiting net uptake, and raising [Mg(2+)] to 10 mm in such fibres increased maximal SR Ca(2+) accumulation. No significant differences were seen in type II fibres. Treatment with dithiothreitol (10 mm for 5 min), a strong reducing agent, also increased maximal SR Ca(2+) accumulation at 1 mm Mg(2+) in type I fibres of Old subjects but not in other fibres. The densities of dihydropyridine receptors and RyRs were not significantly different in muscles of Old relative to Young subjects. These findings indicate that Ca(2+) leakage from the SR is increased in type I fibres in Old subjects by reversible oxidative modification of the RyRs; this increased SR Ca(2+) leak is expected to have both direct and indirect deleterious effects on Ca(2+) movements and muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Lamboley
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - V L Wyckelsma
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M J McKenna
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - G D Lamb
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
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49
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Wallace JW, Power GA, Rice CL, Dalton BH. Time-dependent neuromuscular parameters in the plantar flexors support greater fatigability of old compared with younger males. Exp Gerontol 2015; 74:13-20. [PMID: 26657724 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Older adults are more fatigable than young during dynamic tasks, especially those that involve moderate to fast unconstrained velocity shortening contractions. Rate of torque development (RTD), rate of velocity development (RVD) and rate of neuromuscular activation are time-dependent neuromuscular parameters which have not been explored in relation to age-related differences in fatigability. The purpose was to determine whether these time-dependent measures affect the greater age-related fatigability in peak power during moderately fast and maximal effort shortening plantar flexions. Neuromuscular properties were recorded from 10 old (~ 78 years) and 10 young (~ 24 years) men during 50 maximal-effort unconstrained velocity shortening plantar flexions against a resistance equivalent to 20% maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque. At task termination, peak power, and angular velocity, and torque at peak power were decreased by 30, 18, and 16%, respectively, for the young (p < 0.05), and 46, 28, 30% for the old (p < 0.05) compared to pre-fatigue values with the old exhibiting greater reductions across all measures (p<0.05). Voluntary RVD and RTD decreased, respectively, by 24 and 26% in the young and by 47 and 40% in the old at task termination, with greater decrements in the old (p < 0.05). Rate of neuromuscular activation of the soleus decreased over time for both age groups (~ 47%; p < 0.05), but for the medial gastrocnemius (MG) only the old experienced significant decrements (46%) by task termination. All parameters were correlated strongly with the fatigue-related reduction in peak power (r = 0.81-0.94, p < 0.05), except for MG and soleus rates of neuromuscular activation (r = 0.25-0.30, p > 0.10). Fatigue-related declines in voluntary RTD and RVD were both moderately correlated with MG rate of neuromuscular activation (r = 0.51-0.52, p < 0.05), but exhibited a trend with soleus (r = 0.39-0.41, p = 0.07-0.09). Thus, time-dependent factors, RVD and RTD, are likely important indicators of intrinsic muscle properties leading to the greater age-related decline in peak power when performing a repetitive dynamic fatigue task, which may be due to greater fatigue-related central impairments for the older men than young.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Wallace
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Geoffrey A Power
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Charles L Rice
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian H Dalton
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States.
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50
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Sarcopenia in cases of chronic and acute illness. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 49:100-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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