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Liu S, Du M, Sun J, Tu Y, Gu X, Cai P, Lu Z, Wang Y, Shan T. Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed alters antioxidant capacity, muscle fibre characteristics and lipid profiles of finishing pigs. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1298-1307. [PMID: 38098370 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452300291x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess how Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed (FF) affects the antioxidant capacity, muscle fibre types and muscle lipid profiles of finishing pigs. In this study, a total of 144 Duroc × Berkshire × Jiaxing Black finishing pigs were randomly assigned into three groups with four replicates (twelve pigs per replication). The three treatments were a basal diet (0 % FF), basal diet + 5 % FF and basal diet + 10 % FF, respectively. The experiment lasted 38 d after 4 d of acclimation. The study revealed that 10 % FF significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) compared with 0 % FF group, with mRNA levels of up-regulated antioxidant-related genes (GPX1, SOD1, SOD2 and CAT) in 10 % FF group. 10 % FF also significantly up-regulated the percentage of slow-twitch fibre and the mRNA expression of MyHC I, MyHC IIa and MyHC IIx, and slow MyHC protein expression while reducing MyHC IIb mRNA expression. Lipidomics analysis showed that 5 % FF and 10 % FF altered lipid profiles in longissimus thoracis. 10 % FF particularly led to an increase in the percentage of TAG. The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that certain molecular markers such as phosphatidic acid (PA) (49:4), Hex2Cer (d50:6), cardiolipin (CL) (72:8) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) (33:0e) could be used to indicate the characteristics of muscle fibres and were closely related to meat quality. Together, our findings suggest that 10 % FF improved antioxidant capacity, enhanced slow-twitch fibre percentage and altered muscle lipid profiles in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiran Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wu Z, Wang Z, Wang P, Cheng L, Li J, Luo Y, Yang L, Li L, Zeng J, Hu B. Integrative analysis of proteomics and lipidomic profiles reveal the fat deposition and meat quality in Duroc × Guangdong small spotted pig. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1361441. [PMID: 38659450 PMCID: PMC11041638 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1361441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to explore the important factors affecting the characteristics of different parts of pork. Methods Lipidomics and proteomics methods were used to analyze DAL (differential lipids) and DAPs (differential proteins) in five different parts (longissimus dorsi, belly meat, loin, forelegs and buttocks) of Duhua pig (Duroc × Guangdong small spotted pig), to identify potential pathways affecting meat quality, investigating fat deposition in pork and its lipid-protein interactions. Results The results show that TG (triglyceride) is the lipid subclass with the highest proportion in muscle, and the pathway with the most significantly enriched lipids is GP. DAP clustered on several GO terms closely related to lipid metabolism and lipogenesis (lipid binding, lipid metabolism, lipid transport, and lipid regulation). In KEGG analysis, there are two main DAP aggregation pathways related to lipid metabolism, namely Fatty acid degradation and oxidative phosphorylation. In PPI analysis, we screened out 31 core proteins, among which NDUFA6, NDUFA9 and ACO2 are the most critical. Discussion PC (phosphatidylcholine) is regulated by SNX5, THBS1, ANXA7, TPP1, CAVIN2, and VDAC2 in the phospholipid binding pathway. TG is regulated by AUH/HADH/ACADM/ACADL/HADHA in the lipid oxidation and lipid modification pathways. Potential biomarkers are rich in SFA, MUFA and PUFA respectively, the amounts of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in the lipid measurement results are consistent with the up- and down-regulation of potential biomarker lipids. This study clarified the differences in protein and lipid compositions in different parts of Duhua pigs and provided data support for revealing the interactions between pork lipids and proteins. These findings provide contributions to the study of intramuscular fat deposition in pork from a genetic and nutritional perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuosui Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- Guangdong Guanghong Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co, Ltd., Huizhou, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leiyan Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhao Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Luo
- Guangdong Yihao Foodstuff Co, Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Linfang Yang
- Guangdong Yihao Foodstuff Co, Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zeng
- Guangdong Yihao Foodstuff Co, Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Wang L, Valencak TG, Shan T. Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle: Influential triggers and regulatory mechanism. iScience 2024; 27:109221. [PMID: 38433917 PMCID: PMC10907799 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle (also known as myosteatosis) is now recognized as a distinct disease from sarcopenia and is directly related to declining muscle capacity. Hence, understanding the origins and regulatory mechanisms of fat infiltration is vital for maintaining skeletal muscle development and improving human health. In this article, we summarized the triggering factors such as aging, metabolic diseases and metabolic syndromes, nonmetabolic diseases, and muscle injury that all induce fat infiltration in skeletal muscle. We discussed recent advances on the cellular origins of fat infiltration and found several cell types including myogenic cells and non-myogenic cells that contribute to myosteatosis. Furthermore, we reviewed the molecular regulatory mechanism, detection methods, and intervention strategies of fat infiltration in skeletal muscle. Based on the current findings, our review will provide new insight into regulating function and lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle and treating muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Lipo-nutritional quality of pork: the lipid composition, regulation, and molecular mechanisms of fatty acid deposition. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2023; 13:373-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Chen W, Xu Z, You W, Zhou Y, Wang L, Huang Y, Shan T. Cold exposure alters lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle through HIF-1α-induced mitophagy. BMC Biol 2023; 21:27. [PMID: 36750818 PMCID: PMC9906913 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to its contractile properties and role in movement, skeletal muscle plays an important function in regulating whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism. A central component of such regulation is mitochondria, whose quality and function are essential in maintaining proper metabolic homeostasis, with defects in processes such as autophagy and mitophagy involved in mitochondria quality control impairing skeletal muscle mass and function, and potentially leading to a number of associated diseases. Cold exposure has been reported to markedly induce metabolic remodeling and enhance insulin sensitivity in the whole body by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. However, changes in lipid metabolism and lipidomic profiles in skeletal muscle in response to cold exposure are unclear. Here, we generated lipidomic or transcriptome profiles of mouse skeletal muscle following cold induction, to dissect the molecular mechanisms regulating lipid metabolism upon acute cold treatment. RESULTS Our results indicated that short-term cold exposure (3 days) can lead to a significant increase in intramuscular fat deposition. Lipidomic analyses revealed that a cold challenge altered the overall lipid composition by increasing the content of triglyceride (TG), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), while decreasing sphingomyelin (SM), validating lipid remodeling during the cold environment. In addition, RNA-seq and qPCR analysis showed that cold exposure promoted the expression of genes related to lipolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis. These marked changes in metabolic effects were associated with mitophagy and muscle signaling pathways, which were accompanied by increased TG deposition and impaired fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, HIF-1α signaling was highly activated in response to the cold challenge, which may contribute to intramuscular fat deposition and enhanced mitophagy in a cold environment. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data revealed the adaptive changes of skeletal muscle associated with lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles upon cold exposure. We described the significant alterations in the composition of specific lipid species and expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Cold-mediated mitophagy may play a critical role in modulating lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, which is precisely regulated by HIF-1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing You
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Chen W, Tu Y, Cai P, Wang L, Zhou Y, Liu S, Huang Y, Zhang S, Gu X, Yi W, Shan T. Melatonin supplementation promotes muscle fiber hypertrophy and regulates lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad256. [PMID: 37531568 PMCID: PMC10439708 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to play crucial roles in regulating meat quality, improving reproductive properties, and maintaining intestinal health in animal production, but whether it regulates skeletal muscle development in weaned piglet is rarely studied. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin on growth performance, skeletal muscle development, and lipid metabolism in animals by intragastric administration of melatonin solution. Twelve 28-d-old DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups: control group and melatonin group. The results showed that melatonin supplementation for 23 d had no effect on growth performance, but significantly reduced serum glucose content (P < 0.05). Remarkably, melatonin increased longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) weight, eye muscle area and decreased the liver weight in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers was increased (P < 0.05), while triglyceride levels were decreased in LDM and psoas major muscle by melatonin treatment (P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing showed melatonin induced the expression of genes related to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and fatty acid oxidation. Enrichment analysis indicated that melatonin regulated cholesterol metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, and mitophagy signaling pathways in muscle. Gene set enrichment analysis also confirmed the effects of melatonin on skeletal muscle development and mitochondrial structure and function. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that melatonin supplementation elevated the gene expression of cell differentiation and muscle fiber development, including paired box 7 (PAX7), myogenin (MYOG), myosin heavy chain (MYHC) IIA and MYHC IIB (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) expression in LDM (P < 0.05). Additionally, melatonin regulated lipid metabolism and activated mitochondrial function in muscle by increasing the mRNA abundance of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A (COX6A), COX5B, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) and decreasing the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) (P < 0.05). Together, our results suggest that melatonin could promote skeletal muscle growth and muscle fiber hypertrophy, improve mitochondrial function and decrease fat deposition in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiran Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhou Yi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Li X, Liu S, Qi D, Qi H, Wang Y, Zhao K, Tian F. Genome-wide identification and expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene family in the Tibetan highland fish Gymnocypris przewalskii. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1685-1699. [PMID: 36469183 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and has been widely identified in diverse species. Gymnocypris przewalskii is a native fish of the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau that survives in a chronically cold environment. In the current study, we conducted genome-wide identification of PPAR genes, revealing the existence of seven PPARs in the G. przewalskii genome. Collinearity was observed between two copies of PPARαb and PPARγ in G. przewalskii, suggesting that the additional copy might be gained through whole genome duplication. Both phylogenetic and multiple sequence alignment analyses indicated that PPARs in G. przewalskii were conserved with teleosts. The cold treatment (10 °C and 4 °C) led to the developmental delay of G. przewalskii embryos. Continuous expression of PPARs was observed during the embryonic development of G. przewalskii under normal and cold conditions, with significantly different transcriptional patterns. These results indicated that PPARs participated in the embryonic development of G. przewalskii, and were involved in the cold response during development. The current study proposed a potential role of PPARs in the cold response in the embryonic development of G. przewalskii, which shed light on understanding cold adaptation in Tibetan highland fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Li
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 23 Xinning Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 23 Xinning Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Delin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Hongfang Qi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding and Protection of Gymnocypris Przewalskii, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding and Protection of Gymnocypris Przewalskii, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 23 Xinning Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China.
| | - Fei Tian
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 23 Xinning Road, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Yoon DS, Byeon E, Kim DH, Lee MC, Shin KH, Hagiwara A, Park HG, Lee JS. Effects of temperature and combinational exposures on lipid metabolism in aquatic invertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 262:109449. [PMID: 36055628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies of changes in fatty acids in response to environmental temperature changes have been conducted in many species, particularly mammals. However, few studies have considered aquatic invertebrates, even though they are particularly vulnerable to changes in environmental temperature. In this review, we summarize the process by which animals synthesize common fatty acids and point out differences between the fatty acid profiles of vertebrates and those of aquatic invertebrates. Unlike vertebrates, some aquatic invertebrates can directly synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which can be used to respond to temperature changes. Various studies have shown that aquatic invertebrates increase the degree of saturation in their fatty acids through an increase in saturated fatty acid production or a decrease in PUFAs as the temperature increases. In addition, we summarize recent studies that have examined the complex effects of temperature and combinational stressors to determine whether the degree of saturation in aquatic invertebrates is influenced by other factors. The combined effects of carbon dioxide partial pressure, food quality, starvation, salinity, and chemical exposures have been confirmed, and fatty acid profile changes in response to high temperature were greater than those from combinational stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Seo Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Bio-Nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Guo J, Nie J, Chen Z, Wang X, Hu H, Xu J, Lu J, Ma L, Ji H, Yuan J, Xu B. Cold exposure-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates autophagy through the SIRT2/FoxO1 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3960-3970. [PMID: 35938526 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold is a factor affecting health in humans and animals. The liver, a major metabolic center, is highly susceptible to ambient air temperature. Recent studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with the liver, and regulates the occurrence and development of liver injury and autophagy. However, the mechanism underlying the relationship between cold exposure and ER stress in the liver is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of ER stress on liver autophagy and its mechanism under cold exposure. AML12 cells were treated with Tg to construct an ER stress model, and the level of autophagy increased. To further explore the mechanism through which ER stress regulates autophagy, we knocked down SIRT2 with shRNA in Tg-treated AML12 cells. Knockdown of SIRT2 significantly increased ER stress and autophagy, increased FoxO1 acetylation, and promoted its entry into the nucleus. To further verify the results of in vitro experiments, we exposed mice to 4°C for 3 h per day for 3 weeks to exacerbate the burden on the liver after cold exposure. Cold exposure damaged the structure and function of the liver and promoted the inflammatory response. It also activated ER stress and promoted autophagy. In addition, cold exposure inhibited the expression of SIRT2, promoted FoxO1 acetylation, and enhanced the interaction with autophagy. Our findings indicated that cold exposure induces liver damage, ER stress, and autophagy through the SIRT2/FoxO1 pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT2 may be a potential target for regulating health under cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Guo
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Junshu Nie
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Huijie Hu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Li Ma
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong Ji
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jianbin Yuan
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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10
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Fermented mixed feed alters growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and muscle fatty acid and amino acid profiles in finishing pigs. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:87-95. [PMID: 36632618 PMCID: PMC9822949 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented mixed feed (FMF) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, muscle amino acid and fatty acid composition and mRNA expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism in finishing pigs. In the present study, 144 finishing pigs (Duroc × Berkshire × Jiaxing Black) were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments with 4 replicate pens per group and 12 pigs per pen. The dietary treatments included a basal diet (CON), a basal diet + 5% FMF and a basal diet + 10% FMF. The experiment lasted 38 d after 4 d of acclimation. The results showed that 5% and 10% FMF significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) of the females but not the males (P < 0.05), but FMF supplementation showed no impact on carcass traits. Moreover, 10% FMF supplementation increased the meat color45 min and meat color24 h values, while it decreased the shear force relative to CON (P < 0.05). In addition, 10% FMF significantly increased the contents of flavor amino acids (FAA), total essential AA (EAA), total non-EAA (NEAA) and total AA relative to CON (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the diet supplemented with 10% FMF significantly increased the concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 PUFA and total PUFA, and the PUFA to saturated fatty acids ratio (P < 0.05), suggesting that FMF supplementation increased meat quality. Moreover, compared with the CON, 10% FMF supplementation increased the mRNA expression of lipogenic genes, including CEBPα, PPARγ, SREBP1 and FABP4, and upregulated the expression of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis (ACAA1 and FADS2). Together, our results suggest that 10% FMF dietary supplementation improved the female pigs' growth performance, improved the meat quality and altered the profiles of muscle fatty acids and amino acids in finishing pigs. This study provides a reference for the production of high-quality pork.
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11
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Xiong L, Pei J, Wang X, Guo S, Guo X, Yan P. Lipidomics and Transcriptome Reveal the Effects of Feeding Systems on Fatty Acids in Yak’s Meat. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172582. [PMID: 36076769 PMCID: PMC9455248 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The differences of fatty acids in yak’s meat under graze feeding (GF) and stall feeding (SF) regimes and the regulation mechanism of the feeding system on the fatty acids content in yak ’s meat was explored in this study. First, the fatty acids in yak’s longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were detected by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Compared with GF yaks, the absolute content of ΣSFAs, ΣMUFAs, ΣUFAs, ΣPUFAs and Σn-6PUFAs in SF yak’s LD were higher, whereas Σn-3PUFAs was lower; the relative content of ΣMUFAs, ΣPUFAs, Σn-3PUFAs and ΣUFAs in SF yak’s LD were lower, whereas ΣSFAs was higher. The GF yak’s meat is healthier for consumers. Further, the transcriptomic and lipidomics profiles in yak’s LD were detected by mRNA-Sequencing (mRNA-Seq) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), respectively. The integrated transcriptomic and lipidomics analysis showed the differences in fatty acids were caused by the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates and phospholipids, and were mainly regulated by the FASN, FABP3, PLIN1, SLC16A13, FASD6 and SCD genes in the PPAR signaling pathway. Moreover, the SCD gene was the candidate gene for the high content of ΣMUFA, and FADS6 was the candidate gene for the high content of Σn-3PUFAs and the healthier ratio of Σn-6/Σn-3PUFAs in yak meat. This study provides a guidance to consumers in the choice of yak’s meat, and also established a theoretical basis for improving yak’s meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiong
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jie Pei
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shaoke Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0931-2115271
| | - Ping Yan
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
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12
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Liao S, Liu G, Tan B, Qi M, Wu X, Li J, Li X, Zhu C, Huang J, Zhang S, Tang Y, Yin Y. Dietary zero-dimensional fullerene supplementation improves the meat quality, lipid metabolism, muscle fiber characteristics, and antioxidative status in finishing pigs. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 11:171-180. [PMID: 36254219 PMCID: PMC9550521 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for high-quality pork, more nutritional substances have been studied for the regulation of meat quality. Zero-dimensional fullerenes (C60) can modulate the biological behavior of a variety of cell lines and animals. In this study, we report the biological effects of C60 on finishing pigs at different concentrations. A total of 24 barrows (Duroc × Large White × Landrace), with an average body weight of 21.01 ± 0.98 kg, were divided into 3 groups and each treated daily with C60 (100 or 200 mg per kg feed) or a control diet until the end of the experiment. Our results showed that dietary C60 supplementation improved flesh color, marbling scores, and flavor amino acid contents of longissimus dorsi (LD) of growing-finishing pigs (P < 0.05). C60 improved meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism and muscle fiber morphology by mediating the expression of genes, L-lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIa, MyHCIIb, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) (P < 0.05). Moreover, C60 substantially promoted the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme genes (P < 0.05), which also contributed to improving meat quality. These findings have important implications for the application of C60 in the livestock industry, especially for improving the meat quality of fattening pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Guang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Xiamen Funano New Material Technology Company, Ltd, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Xiamen Funano New Material Technology Company, Ltd, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiamei Huang
- Xiamen Funano New Material Technology Company, Ltd, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Yunnan Southwest Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Group, Kunming, 650217, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Manaig YJY, Sandrini S, Panseri S, Tedeschi G, Folch JM, Sánchez A, Savoini G, Agazzi A. Low n-6/n-3 Gestation and Lactation Diets Influence Early Performance, Muscle and Adipose Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content and Deposition, and Relative Abundance of Proteins in Suckling Piglets. Molecules 2022; 27:2925. [PMID: 35566276 PMCID: PMC9103047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratios in swine diets can potentially impose a higher risk of inflammatory and metabolic diseases in swine. A low ratio between the two omega PUFAs has beneficial effects on sows' and piglets' production performance and immunity status. At present, there are few studies on how sow nutrition directly affects the protein and fat deposition in suckling piglets. Two groups of sows were fed diets with high or low n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated ratios of 13:1 (SOY) and 4:1 (LIN), respectively, during gestation and lactation. Longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissue from newborn piglets, nourished only with sow's milk, were subjected to fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and to proteomics assays based on nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-HRMS). Fatty acid profiles on both muscle and adipose tissues resembled the magnitude of the differences between fatty acid across diets. Proteomic analysis revealed overabundance of 4 muscle and 11 adipose tissue proteins in SOY compared to LIN in both piglet tissues. The detected overabundance of haptoglobin, an acute-phase protein, and the stimulation of protein-coding genes and proteins related to the innate immune response and acute inflammatory response could be associated with the pro-inflammatory role of n-6 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yron Joseph Yabut Manaig
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Silvia Sandrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- CRC “Innovation for Well-Being and Environment” (I-WE), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Josep M. Folch
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Armand Sánchez
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Savoini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
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14
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Zhou Y, Xu Z, Wang L, Ling D, Nong Q, Xie J, Zhu X, Shan T. Cold Exposure Induces Depot-Specific Alterations in Fatty Acid Composition and Transcriptional Profile in Adipose Tissues of Pigs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:827523. [PMID: 35282453 PMCID: PMC8905645 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.827523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold exposure promotes fat oxidation and modulates the energy metabolism in adipose tissue through multiple mechanisms. However, it is still unclear about heat-generating capacity and lipid mobilization of different fat depots without functional mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). In this study, we kept finishing pigs (lack a functional UCP1 gene) under cold (5-7°C) or room temperature (22-25°C) and determined the effects of overnight cold exposure on fatty acid composition and transcriptional profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). And the plasma metabolomes of porcine was also studied by LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics. We found that the saturated fatty acids (SFAs) content was decreased in SAT upon cold exposure. While in VAT, the relative content of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and lignoceric acid (C24:0) were decreased without affecting total SFA content. RNA-seq results showed SAT possess active organic acid metabolism and energy mobilization upon cold exposure. Compared with SAT, cold-induced transcriptional changes were far less broad in VAT, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in fat cell differentiation and cell proliferation. Moreover, we found that the contents of organic acids like creatine, acamprosate, DL-3-phenyllactic acid and taurine were increased in plasma upon overnight cold treatment, suggesting that cold exposure induced lipid and fatty acid metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) might be regulated by functions of organic acids. These results provide new insights into the effects of short-term cold exposure on lipid metabolism in adipose tissues without functional UCP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Defeng Ling
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyun Nong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintang Xie
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tizhong Shan,
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